AKP full sequence vector sequence
FPNI-PCR

1 2
Parameters in the design and optimization of FPNI-PCR Characterization of CmNRRa
Type III primers describe arbitrarily degenerative primers with 4-6 fixed nucleotides at the 3’ end, and these primers were also successfully used to amplify the flanking regions of known fragments
1
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Principle of FPNI-PCR
1 2
Parameters in the design and optimization of FPNI-PCR Characterization of CmNRRa
type I primers, the AD primer was fused to the 3’ end of an adaptor of known sequence (Table 1). Type II primers, included a hairpin structure at the 5’end of the single-stranded adaptor. We compared the results from such type I and type II primers by testing them in combination with the same SP primers and under the same cycling parameters. The final results of amplification of the target products indicated no obvious differences between the two primer types. Thus, the hairpin structure at the 5’end of the type II single-stranded adaptors had no apparent impact on amplification of the target.
基因组文库

寡聚核苷酸探针
抗体探针
克隆的鉴定
克隆的鉴定是指重组DNA分子的各种特 性,如大小、限制性图谱、基因的方向 以及核苷酸序列等,具体步骤包括:
已经克隆化的DNA样品的纯化 制作限制性图谱 DNA与RNA杂交
限制性图谱
片段大小
对于质粒或噬菌体克隆中插入的基因组DNA 片段或cDNA片段的大小,可以用将插入片段 与载体DNA分开的限制性内切酶来酶解,如 用ECOR1位点构建的cDNA克隆,最好还用 ECOR1来酶解,可以回收插入片段和载体,再 通过琼脂糖电泳就可以知道插入片段以及载 体分子的大小了
载体
质粒载体—用于基因组较小的生物,如 大肠杆菌,用质粒载体来构建基因组文 库,只需5000个克隆就可以达到高于kb 黏粒—45kb 细菌人工染色体(BAC)—350kb 酵母人工染色体(Y 3,000,000 200,000 6A的合成 cDNA末端的处理 与载体的连接
mRNA分离、纯化与分离
通常用于构建cDNA的是真核细胞的mRNA 由于cDNA从mRNA合成而来,代表了基因 组的可转录部分,不含内含子序列,因此 可被用于在大肠杆菌中表达编码蛋白
插入片段的方向以及多插入片段时的排 列顺序
采用多种限制性酶来单切或组合切割
可以得到不同的特异性酶解片段 再分别进行组合(拼接) 得到插入序列的信息
DNA与RNA的杂交
检测能与特定探针杂交的DNA(southern) 或RNA(northern)
DNA Hybridization (Southern)
变性
退火
聚合
N=ln(1-p)/ln(1-f)
P—给定的概率,f—插入片段大小占总基因组大小的 比例 如果给定概率为0.99,插入片段为20kb的情况下, 对人类基因组(3Χ109bp)来说,所需重组体的 数目为6.9 Χ 105;而对于大肠杆菌而言,仅需要 1100个重组体
分子细胞学和基因工程上课课件pdf版

The S toxic living cells injected into mice, the mice died of sepsis . The heating after killing S bacteria, injected into mice, the mice without dying
1972, the first vector formed with the plasmid of small molecular weight and , amplicated in the bacterial cells.
4. competent cell
1970, M. Mandel & A. Higa found E. coli handled by CaCl2 could easily accepted phage DNA. 1972, S. Cohen found such cells also could accepted plasmid DNA.
In 1974, American National Institutes of Health (NIH) considering the potential danger of recombinant DNA, ask Paul Berg to form a recombinant DNA advisory committee. Committee consists of 11 members of the molecular biology and the recombinant DNA authority of the scholars. Commission published an open letter in July of the same year, requirements involved in the absence of clear recombinant DNA hazard degree and range, as well as before to take the necessary protective measures, suspended two test (with antibiotic resistance and tumor viruses and animal virus).
大鼠Akt1基因合成及载体构建的实验研究

大鼠Akt1基因合成及载体构建的实验研究【摘要】根据Genebank提供的大鼠Akt1基因序列,用PCR方法对大鼠Akt1序列进行基因合成,再将其克隆到pGCMV/MCS/RFP/Neo质粒中,而后进行NheI和BamHI双酶切法验证,为今后Akt1基因在生命科学实验中的研究打下基础。
【关键词】Akt1基因;基因合成;载体构建【Abstract】The Akt1 gene was synthesized according to the gene sequences of rats from Genebank,followed by subcloning into pGCMV/MCS/RFP/Neo expression vector. It was identified by using NheI+ BamHI double digestion and by sequencing. The research lays a foundation for manufacturing the protein and studying its function.【Key words】Akt1 gene;Gene synthesis;Vector construction0 引言Akt信号通路调控细胞增殖和生长,参与细胞凋亡及糖代谢过程,是细胞信号转导网络的重要枢钮之一。
Akt1信号通路是肿瘤细胞中最活跃的通路之一,Akt1基因在多种肿瘤组织中存在过表达[1]。
探讨Akt1基因的功能对于研究细胞凋亡及肿瘤发生和发展具有重要意义,Akt1基因的体外合成和构建真核细胞基因表达质粒可以为Akt1 基因功能及相关疾病的研究提供基础。
1 材料与方法1.1 材料Pfu DNA polymerase购自生工生物工程(上海)有限公司,琼脂糖和DNA 凝胶回收试剂盒(离心柱型)均购自天根生化科技(北京)有限公司,DNA内切酶、DNA连接酶和DNA marker均购自MBI Fermentas公司。
Carl de Boor

y(t) = y = (t); all t 2 T;
for some 2 X . If the linear span of f (t) j t 2 T g is dense in X , then the map
' : X ! Y : 7! y
is one{one, hence Y is normed by and X is mapped linearly and isometrically into Y by (' )?1 . In particular, (t) is mapped by (' )?1 to the linear functional of point evaluation at t, all t 2 T . 1
Proof. By Taylor's theorem with integral remainder (cf., e.g., Graves 3]), one has
g(t) =
where Hence Since and
k?1 X i=0
(t ? a)i =i! ]g(i)(a) +
Zb
a
Mk (t; s)g(k) (s) ds;
On the approximation by {polynomials
Carl de Boor 1. Introduction. As was rst pointed out by Hobby and Rice 5], many nonlinear approximation problems { such as approximation by exponential sums or by splines with variable knots { admit of the following abstract description: One has given a real normed linear space X and a map :T !X from some subset T of the real line IR to X . One then de nes a {polynomial of order n to be any element of X of the form n X p = p( ; ) = i ( i ); where = ( 1 ; : : : ; n ) is a real vector and = ( 1 ; : : : ; n ) T n with 1 < 2 < IP ;n denote the set of all {polynomials of order n. Then the approximation problem consists in nding, for given f 2 X , a p 2 IP ;n such that
人ALPL基因慢病毒载体的构建及鉴定

人ALPL基因慢病毒载体的构建及鉴定陈哲;张立强;张文凯;付欣;轩昆;金岩【摘要】目的:构建肝/骨/肾型碱性磷酸酯酶(alkalinephosphatase,liver/bone/kidney,ALPL)基因慢病毒表达载体并观察其在骨髓间充质干细胞(BMMSC)中的表达情况,为进一步研究ALPL基因功能提供基础工具.方法:将PCR扩增的人ALPL基因片段和pENTR-2B入门质粒载体的双酶切产物进行连接后,转化感受态细胞;再将所得的pENTR-2B-ALPL入门质粒与Plenti6.3/V5-DEST载体进行重组,并经DNA测序鉴定后,转染GP2-293T细胞,制备慢病毒颗粒;最后用含Plenti6.3-ALPL表达载体的病毒感染BMMSC,并通过ALP染色、RT-PCR、Western blot检测ALPL基因和组织非特异性碱性磷酸酶(tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase,TNAP)的表达.结果:PCR和测序证实人ALPL基因正确插入慢病毒载体;ALP染色、RT-PCR、Western blot检测结果显示,人ALPL慢病毒过表达质粒及相应病毒颗粒能在BMMSC中有效过表达ALPL基因.结论:成功建立ALPL慢病毒表达系统,并为后期深入了解TNAP功能打下了基础.%AIM: To construct human recombinant lentiviral vector of alkaline phosphatase liver/bone/kid-rnney (ALPL) gene-Plenti6. 3-ALPL. METHODS: The effective sequence of ALPL gene was cloned into the pENTR - 2B vector using restriction endonuclease digestion and DNA ligation methods. Then the pENTR - 2B - ALPL entry vectors and the Plenti6. 3/V5 - DEST lentiviral vectors were restructured. After DNA sequencing confirmation,the recombinant lentiviral vectors were transfected into GP2 - 293T cells to pack lentivirus. The Plenti6. 3 - ALPL virus was used to infect bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSC) and the expression of ALPL on bothRNA and protein levels was detected by ALP staining, RT - PCR and Western blot respectively. RESULTS: DNA sequencing and Western blot demonstrated that the lentivirus vector was constructed correctly. Moreover, ALP staining was enhanced in BMMSCs infected by the Plenti6. 3-ALPL. CONCLUSION: Recombinant lentiviral vector of ALPL gene was successfully constructed.【期刊名称】《牙体牙髓牙周病学杂志》【年(卷),期】2013(023)002【总页数】4页(P91-94)【关键词】ALPL;慢病毒表达载体;骨髓间充质干细胞【作者】陈哲;张立强;张文凯;付欣;轩昆;金岩【作者单位】第四军医大学口腔医学院,陕西西安710032;第四军医大学口腔医学院,陕西西安710032;第四军医大学口腔医学院,陕西西安710032;第四军医大学口腔医学院,陕西西安710032;第四军医大学口腔医学院,陕西西安710032;第四军医大学口腔医学院,陕西西安710032【正文语种】中文【中图分类】R780.2低碱性磷酸酯酶症[1](hypophospatasia,HPP)是一种由ALPL基因突变导致骨骼和牙齿等发育异常的常染色体隐性遗传性疾病。
Methods in Molecular biology-chapter 4
Pst I
Provindencia stuartii 164 Haemophilus influenzae Rd
CTGCAG GACGTC
blunt ends
eg EcoR1 cuts to produce complementary or “sticky” ends. Because it recognizes and cuts this sequence of 6 (6 cutter) , It makes med. -sized pieces. 4-cutter, small and 8 cutter, large pieces.
Methods in Molecular biology
QiuZheng 邱郑 qiuzheng754@
Charpter 4 Molecular Cloning Methods
• Why to clone genes? • How to clone genes in bacteria and in eukaryotes?
• Enzymes that recognize identical sequences are called isoschizomers, although the cutting sits within these sequences are different.
SmaI 5’….CCC GGG.….3’ ….GGG CCC….
Insertional inactivation
pBR322 cloning
• Plasmid and insert cut with Pst I • Join sticky ends • Transform bacteria • Screen for tetracycline resistance and ampicillinsensitive • Foreign DNA interrupts Amp gene
蒋-2016秋-DNA重组及重组DNA技术
IR 转座形式:
Transposase Gene
IR
保守性转座(conservative transposition) 复制性转座(duplicative transposition)
目录
质粒 细菌染色体外的小型环状双链DNA分子。 可接合质粒如 F 因子(F factor)
目录
(二)转化作用
通过自动获取或人为地供给外源 DNA ,使细胞或培养的受体细胞获得新 的 遗 传 表 型 , 称 为 转 化 作 用 (transformation)。
目录
例:溶菌时,裂解的DNA片段被另一细菌摄取。
Ⅲ型:切点在识别位点以外。 Ⅱ型:识别特异DNA顺序,并在此切割。
作用:
与甲基化酶共同构成细菌的限制修饰系统,限制外源
DNA,保护自身DNA。犹似高等动物的免疫系统。
在DNA重组中用II型限制性内切酶
目录
命名:
四个字母+罗马数字 第一个字母:大写 表示该菌的属名 第二、三个字母:小写 表示该菌的种名 第四个字母:(有时无) 表示该菌的株名 罗马数字:酶的编号(按发现的顺序) 如 Eco RI , Bam HI , Hin dⅢ, Not I
目录
(三)转导作用
当病毒从被感染的(供体)细胞释放 出来、再次感染另一(供体)细胞时,发 生在供体细胞与受体细胞之间的 DNA转移及
基因重组即为转导作用(transduction)。
目录
λ噬菌体的生活史 溶菌生长途径 (lysis pathway) 溶源菌生长途径 (lysogenic pathway)
基于解耦锁相的风电逆变并网控制系统仿真
∥,(一tot+p。1+口7)一∥,其中,妒=妒。1+妒~。可 将式(7)和(8)整理为
【::::】一u,1【∞。+0l+。一日,】+u_1×
『cos[-2(tot+9“)+q。
【sin[一2(tot+妒+1)+∥]J
图4双同步坐标系解耦锁相环结构模型
Fig.4 Structure model of the DDSRF・SPLL
uses
network side PWM inverter control and Voltage phase locked loop.A kind of current decoupling control strategy is proposed.It
the
pulse width modulation(SVPWM)on AC output current contr01.This method Can independently control the output current
Us(d-lq-1)。【::::】=r z二一,,“sc审,2盱1 【c。ions((∞to。t++妒qo++。'++p0)'’】+u5-1 cos(、-tot+q.)+l+0',)]
(8)
嘲一黑卜一-[!瀑“一一ttq_I瞄sin(220∽')】
(12)
式中,【%+,]_『cos…O'
】2【::::]一:a+一【c—os。(in2。02'p),,】一:。+ 【c。s(29,)j
to
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生物信息学课堂操作练习
生物信息学课堂操作练习一、生物信息学科的发展和研究内容通过下列internet上的自教课程,初步了解不同的数据库和分析工具/2can/Education二、生物数据库1. 熟悉各种数据库。
2. 重点了解GenBank和SWISS-PROT所包含的各种功能和适用范围。
三、关键词或词组为基础的数据库检索1. 熟练掌握Entrez检索体系。
2. 查找与水稻抗病基因Xa21有关的资料(1) 由多少碱基构成?编码多少个氨基酸?(2) exon和intron的位置?(3) 是否有3-D structure数据?1) 由多少碱基构成?编码多少个氨基酸?4623b.p., 1025A.a.;2) exon和intron的位置?Exon: 24~2700,3543~3943 intron: remaining;3) 是否有3-D structure数据?没有.3. 查找C. elegans基因组的资料。
(1) chromosome I的测序是否已完成?(2) 已知的chromosome I的序列有多少碱基?序列发表在哪份杂志上?期号和页码?1) chromosome I的测序是否已完成?完成.2) 已知的chromosome I的序列有多少碱基? 序列发表在哪份杂志上? 期号和页码? 15.0724Mb.p.(15072421b.p.), Science 1999 Jan 1;283(5398):35.4. 查看人类基因组第1染色体上基因的分布。
/mapview/maps.cgi?ORG=hum&MAPS=ideogr,est,loc&LINKS= ON&VERBOSE=ON&CHR=15. 查看Arabidopsis的系谱树,以及Arabidopsis第1染色体上的序列。
比较Arabidopsis基因组的资料提供形式与人类基因组有什么不同(/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?id=3701,/mapview/maps.cgi?taxid=3702&chr=1)貌似没什么区别……比较Arabidopsis基因组的资料提供形式与人类基因组有什么不同。
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大肠杆菌K12碱性磷酸酶的基因序列:
501 attgaagcat cctcgtcagt aaaaagttaa tcttttcaac agctgtcata
551 aagttgtcac ggccgagact tatagtcgct ttgtttttat tttttaatgt
601 atttgtacat ggagaaaata aagtgaaaca aagcactatt gcactggcac
651 tcttaccgtt actgtttacc cctgtgacaa aagcccggac accagaaatg
701 cctgttctgg aaaaccgggc tgctcagggc gatattactg cacccggcgg
751 tgctcgccgt ttaacgggtg atcagactgc cgctctgcgt gattctctta
801 gcgataaacc tgcaaaaaat attattttgc tgattggcga tgggatgggg
851 gactcggaaa ttactgccgc acgtaattat gccgaaggtg cgggcggctt
901 ttttaaaggt atagatgcct taccgcttac cgggcaatac actcactatg
951 cgctgaataa aaaaaccggc aaaccggact acgtcaccga ctcg gctgca
1001 tcagcaaccg cctggtcaac cggtgtcaaa acctataacg gcgcgctggg
1051 cgtcgatatt cacgaaaaag atcacccaac gattctggaa atggcaaaag
1101 ccgcaggtct ggcgaccggt aacgtttcta ccgcagagtt gcaggatgcc
1151 acgcccgctg cgctggtggc acatgtgacc tcgcgcaaat gctacggtcc
1201 gagcgcgacc agtgaaaaat gtccgggtaa cgctctggaa aaaggcggaa
1251 aaggatcgat taccgaacag ctgcttaacg ctcgtgccga cgttacgctt
1301 ggcggcggcg caaaaacctt tgctgaaacg gcaaccgctg gtgaatggca
1351 gggaaaaacg ctgcgtgaac aggcacaggc gcgtggttat cagttggtga
1401 gcgatgctgc ctcactgaat tcggtgacgg aagcgaatca gcaaaaaccc
1451 ctgcttggcc tgtttgctga cggcaatatg ccagtgcgct ggctaggacc
1501 gaaagcaacg taccatggca atatcgataa gcccgcagtc acctgtacgc
1551 caaatccgca acgtaatgac agtgtaccaa ccctggcgca gatgaccgac
1601 aaagccattg aattgttgag taaaaatgag aaaggctttt tcctgcaagt
1651 tgaaggtgcg tcaatcgata aacaggatca tgctgcgaat ccttgtgggc
1701 aaattggcga gacggtcgat ctcgatgaag ccgtacaacg ggcgctggaa
1751 ttcgctaaaa aggagggtaa cacgctggtc atagtcaccg ctgatcacgc
1801 ccacgccagc cagattgttg cgccggatac caaagctccg ggcctcaccc
1851 aggcgctaaa taccaaagat ggcgcagtga tggtgatgag ttacgggaac
1901 tccgaagagg attcacaaga acataccggc agtcagttgc gtattgcggc
1951 gtatggcccg catgccgcca atgttgttgg actgaccgac cagaccgatc
2001 tcttctacac catgaaagcc gctctggggc tgaaataaaa ccgcgcccgg
2051 cagtgaattt tcgctgccgg gtggtttttt tgctgttagc aaccagactt
碱性磷酸酶的氨基酸序列:
MSRPRLIVAL FLFFNVFVHG ENKVKQSTIA LALLPLLFTP VTKARTPEMP
VLENRAAQGD ITAPGGARRL TGDQTAALRD SLSDKPAKNI ILLIGDGMGD
SEITAARNYA EGAGGFFKGI DALPLTGQYT HYALNKKTGK PDYVTDSAAS
ATAWSTGVKT YNGALGVDIH EKDHPTILEM AKAAGLATGN VSTAELQDAT
PAALVAHVTS RKCYGPSATS EKCPGNALEK GGKGSITEQL LNARADVTLG
GGAKTFAETA TAGEWQGKTL REQAQARGYQ LVSDAASLNS VTEANQQKPL
LGLFADGNMP VRWLGPKATY HGNIDKPAVT CTPNPQRNDS VPTLAQMTDK
AIELLSKNEK GFFLQVEGAS IDKQDHAANP CGQIGETVDL DEAVQRALEF
AKKEGNTLVI VTADHAHASQ IVAPDTKAPG LTQALNTKDG AVMVMSYGNS
EEDSQEHTGS QLRIAAYGPH AANVVGLTDQ TDLFYTMKAA LGLK
引物antise: 5’ GTCGCggatccGATGTCACGGCCGAGAC 3’(BamH I)
引物sense: 5’ GGCCGCAAGctcgagTTCAGCCCCAG 3’(XhoI)
[实验材料]
载体: pETBlue-2 (Ampr or Carbr)
克隆受体菌: NovaBlue (Tetr)
表达受体菌: Tuner DE3 placI (Camr)
限制性内切酶:BamHI和 XhoI