高考英语虚拟语气知识点知识点总复习附答案解析

高考英语虚拟语气知识点知识点总复习附答案解析
高考英语虚拟语气知识点知识点总复习附答案解析

高考英语虚拟语气知识点知识点总复习附答案解析

一、选择题

1.—How impressive China’s 70th anniversary of National Day parade is!

—Definitely. If only I ________ on the scene!

A.was B.were C.have been D.had been

2.If penicillin available, many people from sickness or even small wounds in World

WarⅡ.

A.was not; would die B.were not; would have died

C.had not been; would died D.had not been; would have died

3.Had electronic computers not been invented, many problems of space flight .

A.could not have solved B.could not be solved

C.can not have been solved D.could not have been solved

4.This winter vacation, my family are going to visit the Great Wall, but I would rather we

________ to Shanghai Disneyland.

A.go B.had gone

C.would go D.went

5.Due to the popularity of the restaurant, it is advisable that a table_______ for a get-together in advance.

A.must be reserved B.is reserved

C.be reserved D.will be reserved

6.—Oh, dear. I’m really very busy now.

—Would you rather that I to you about my experience at school?

A.shoul dn’t speak B.didn’t speak C.don’t speak D.won’t speak 7.With the help of the detective Sam, Justin was found, so Justin's mother insisted an amount of money as a reward.

A.to give B.on his giving C.he was given D.he be given 8.louder, all the students would hear.

A.If the teacher had spoken B.If the teacher will speak

C.Had the teacher spoken D.If the teacher spoke

9.How I wish I ______ my mouth before I shouted at my mum!

A.shut B.have shut

C.had shut D.would shut

10.We require the thief _________ into prison.

A.refers to being put B.referred to be put

C.refer to being put D.referred should be put

11.They both look as if they ______ ten years younger after a heart-to-heart talk.

A.are B.were C.have been D.had been

12._____, the student insisted that he _____ separated from his desk mate, who is very naughty. A.To avoid being affected; be B.To avoid to be affected; would be C.Avoid being affected; should be D.Avoiding to be affected; be 13.Yesterday, Jane walked away from the heated discussion. Otherwise, she _____ something

arbitrary that she would regret forever.

A.must have said B.said C.might say D.might have said 14.It is highly recommended that the general public________one-metre social distance to avoid any possible risk of getting infected.

A.keep B.will keep C.must keep D.keeps

15.He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he ____ to the meeting.

A.would come B.would have come C.came D.had come 16.His suggestion that she ________ in his home suggested he ________ very warm-hearted. A.would stay; was B.stayed; be

C.should stay; be D.stay; was

17.She insisted that she ________ to the disaster-hit area and that her request ________ reasonable.

A.be sent, was B.should send, was

C.should be sent, be D.send, should be

18.(2016 ·浙江)Had the governments and scientists not worked together, AIDS-related deaths ________ since their highest in 2005.

A.had not fallen B.would not fall

C.did not fall D.would not have fallen

19.fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.

A.Would you be B.Could you be C.Should you be D.Might you be 20.But for the belief that things better soon, many people couldn’t have survived the rough time.

A.had got B.got C.would get D.will get

21.It might have saved me some trouble ______ the schedule.

A.did I know B.have I known

C.do I know D.had I known

22.He’s working hard for fear that he _______.

A.should fall behind B.fell behind

C.may fall behind D.would fallen behind

23.We lost our way in that small village, otherwise we ________more places of interest yesterday.

A.visited B.had visited

C.would visit D.would have visited

24.His suggestion to see the exhibition interested every one of us.

A.that we go B.which we should go

C.that we would go D.when we should go

25.Eye doctors recommend that a chi ld’s first eye exam _____ at the age of six months old. A.was B.be

C.were D.is

【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除

一、选择题

1.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意:——国庆70周年阅兵式真是令人印象深刻。——当然,要是我在现场就好了。此处考查对过去的虚拟,用if only sb. had done sth.,故选D项。

【点睛】

本题考查if only(要是……就好了)引导的状语从句中的虚拟语气,虚拟语气一般有三种情况:与现在事实相反用一般过去时;与过去事实相反用过去完成时;与将来事实相反用过去将来时。例如

If only I had tried my best years ago。要是我几年前尽全力就好了。

If only I were in china at present.要是我现在在中国就好了。

2.D

解析:D

【解析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意:如果没有青霉素,很多人在二战中就会死于疾病或小的伤口。if条件句用had done表示和过去的事实相反,主句用would have done表示虚拟。故选B。

【点睛】

虚拟语气在条件句中的用法是:虚拟条件句与现在事实相反的假设,从句是If+主语+动词的过去式(动词be用were),主句是:主语+should,would, might,could+动词原形;与过去相反的假设从句用:If+主语+had +过去分词,主句是:主语+should, would, might, could +have done;与将来相反的假设,从句用1、If+主语+动词过去式,主语+should, would do,2、If+主语+were to+ 动词原形,加主句3、If+主语+should +动词原形,加上主句的might, could+动词原形。

3.D

解析:D

【解析】

【详解】

考查虚拟条件句。句意:如果没有电子计算机的发明,许多太空飞行的问题是不可能解决的。本句为if引导的虚拟条件句,如果含有“were,should,had”时,可省去if而将“were,should,had”置于句首,构成倒装句。本句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟。所以主句为:sb would/could/might/should have done。从句谓语动词为: had done。故D选项正确。

【点睛】

If虚拟条件句和对应主句的动词形式列表:

句为:sb had done。故D选项正确。

4.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意:这个寒假,我的家人要去参观长城,但是我宁愿去上海迪士尼乐园。would rather后接句子时,用一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望。故选D。

【点睛】

would rather后接句子时,句子谓语习惯上要用虚拟语气,具体用法为:1.一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望;2. 用过去完成时表过去的愿望。本题考查would rather的虚拟语气,根据前句This winter vocation, my family are going to visit the Great Wall可以判断是表示将来的愿望,可知用一般过去时,从而得出答案。

5.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意:由于这家餐馆很受欢迎,建议提前预定一张聚会的桌子。固定句式:it is advisable that 主语+(should)+动词原形+---。此处a table和reserve之间是一种被动关系,故答案为C。

6.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

考查固定句式。句意:——哦,亲爱的。我现在真的很忙。——你宁愿我不告诉你我在学校的经历吗?固定句式:would rather that 主语+一般过去时态+---(指现在或将来的情况);

would rather that 主语+过去完成时态(指过去的事情)。故答案为B。

7.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意:在萨姆警探的帮助下,贾斯汀被找到了,所以贾斯汀的母亲坚持要给他一笔钱作为奖励。insist on sb’s doing sth.意为“坚持某人做某事“,所以A和B是错误的。Insist也可跟宾语从句,此时的宾语从句是用虚拟语气,should+动词原形,should也可省略。故C是错误的,分析句子Justin's mother insisted ____an amount of money as a reward.可知,本句中的should省略了,故选D。

8.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意:如果老师能够大声说话,所有学生都能听到。这里表示与现在的事实相反的假设,此时:主句用:主语+would/should/ could/might+ 动词原形;从句用:If + 主语 + 动词过去式(be 动词一律用were);所以本题应该选择D。 C和A用于表示与过去的事实相反的假设。

9.C

解析:C

【解析】

试题分析:C考察虚拟语气。wish后接与过去相反的事实时,用过去完成时表示虚拟。句意:我多么希望在我跟妈妈大吼之前把嘴巴闭起来。故选C

考点:考察虚拟语气。

10.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气和非谓语动词。句意:我们要求所提到的那个小偷应该被关进监狱。分析句子成分,referred to 为后置定语,修饰 the thief,因两者构成被动关系,故使用动词的过去分词,即 referred to,故排除A、C选项;require意为“需要,要求",后接从句要用虚拟语气,即其后的从句:谓语动词用should+动词原形,should可以省略。且the thief 与 put into prison 构成被动关系,故选用被动语态,即 the thief (should) be put into prison,综上,故选B。【点睛】

后接虚拟语气的常见词

1)在 insist, order, command, suggest, propose, advise, desire, demand, require, request, order, prefer, propose, recommend 等表示“命令,决定,建议”等动词以及由这些动词引申的名词

或形容词引导的 that 从句中,要用虚拟语气,其谓语动词形式为 should + 动词原形,其中should 可以省略,主句中的时态不限。

例如:He ordered that all the books be sent at once.

She insisted that she go to the south for her holiday.

2)类似用法的还有 advisable, appropriate, desirable, essential, fitting, imperative, important, impossible, necessary, obligatory, proper 等形容词;decision, decree, demand, instruction, order, requirement, resolution 等名词。其后引导的 that 从句均用虚拟语气,其谓语动词形式为should + 动词原形,其中 should 可以省略,主句中的时态不限。例如:

It was appropriate that this tax be abolished.

Their decision was that the school remain closed.

3)请注意,当这些词语不是用于表示“命令,决定,建议”的含义时,所引导从句不用虚拟语气。

11.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意:他们俩谈心之后,看上去都年轻了十岁。根据语境,as if引导的表语从句用虚拟语气,根据主句谓语动词look可知,是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。故选B。

12.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词及虚拟语气。句意:为了避免受到影响,这个学生坚持要求他应该和他非常淘气的同桌分开。固定短语avoid doing sth“避免做某事”,与逻辑主语the student为被动关系,故用被动语态avoid being done。根据句意,逗号前面部分应该是目的状语,故用不定式作目的状语。第二空动词insist为“坚持要求”之意,后接从句用“(should) + 动词原形”,其中should可以省略。故选A。

【点睛】

insist的宾语从句的用法一般分为两种情况:

1)如果insist翻译为“坚持说/坚持认为”,且宾语从句的动作为已经发生的情况,此时宾语从句采用正常的陈述语气。如:He insisted that he was right. 他坚持说/认为他是对的。2)如果insist翻译为“坚决主张/要求”,即宾语从句的动作当时尚未发生,此时宾语从句必须采用虚拟语气,构成为从句谓语动词用“(should) + 动词原形”,其中should可以省略。如:He insisted that he (should) be praised for what he had done.

3)此题中的insist所引导的宾语从句采用了虚拟语气,即he be separated... = he should be separated...

解析:D

【解析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意:昨天Jane离开了那场热烈的讨论,否则她可能会说一些让她永远遗憾的武断的话。otherwise在此相当于if she had not walked away from the discussion,即暗示一个与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句,所以主句要用should/would/could/might+have done。故选D。

14.A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意:强烈建议公众保持一米的社交距离,避免任何可能的感染风险。recommend表示建议,后面的主语从句中的谓语动词,要用should加动词原形,should可以被省略的虚拟语气。故选A。

15.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查隐含的虚拟语气。句意:昨天他很忙,否则他就会来参加会议了。这题考查虚拟语气的用法,这里的otherwise是隐含的虚拟条件句,相当于:If he hadn’t been busy yesterday,所以主句用would have done。选B。

16.D

解析:D

【解析】

考查suggest的用法。句意:他建议她待在家里,这表明他很热心。句中suggestion表示“建议”,后面是that的同位语从句,解释说明suggestion的内容,要用虚拟语气(should)+动词原形;suggest在此句的意思是“表明,暗示”,后面的名词性从句不用虚拟语气,根据主句谓语动词suggested用一般过去时态,故宾语从句也用过去时态,由此可知答案为D。

17.A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态及虚拟语气。句意:她坚持要把她送到灾区,她的要求是合理的。分析句子可知,insist坚持,其后跟句子应用虚拟语气(should)+do,且send与she之间是被动关系,故用be sent;此句用的是一般过去时,且第二空的主语是her request,故应用was。结合选项,故选A。

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意:如果政府和科学家不共同努力,与艾滋病相关的死亡就不会从2005年的最高点下降。根据句意可知,使用虚拟语气表示与过去相反的事实,if条件句用had done,省略if,将had提前,主句用would have done表示对过去情况的虚拟,故选D。19.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查虚拟条件句。句意:如果你被解雇了,医疗保障和其他福利也不会受到影响。本句表示与将来事实相反的假设,所以从句为sb shoud +动词原形。虚拟条件句的从句部分含有were, should或had时,可省略if,再把were, should或had 移到从句的句首,实行部分倒装。故选C项。

20.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意:要不是相信情况很快就会好转,许多人就不可能挺过这段艰难的时期。But for是固定搭配,意为“要不是”,引导的短语或句子相当于一个虚拟条件句。根据主句部分many people couldn’t have survived the rough time.可知,此处是对过去情况的假设,but for引导的从句部分是真实情况,根据时间状语soon可知,此处用过去将来时。故选C项。

21.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查虚拟倒装句。句意:如果我早知道日程安排,可能会省去我一些麻烦。根据题干中might have saved可知主句是对过去的虚拟,从句应用if I had known与主句保持一致。if虚拟条件句中含有had时,可将if省去,同时将had提前构成倒装结构。故选D项。

【点睛】

虚拟语气重要做题原则:根据题干中主句或从句中动词形式判断所考查的动词的虚拟时间, 一般要保持一致,但要注意错综时间虚拟语气要根据各自所表示的虚拟时间做出调整。另外,当 if 条件句中含有助动词 had,should 或 were 时, 可以省略 if,而将 had, should 或

were提到句首,从而构成倒装虚拟条件句。

22.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意:他工作很努力,惟恐落后。在由“for fear that…”引导的从句中,从句用“should+动词原形”。故选A项。

23.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意:我们在那个小村庄里迷了路,否则昨天我们会参观更多的名胜古迹。由语境及otherwise可知,逗号后的部分是一个含蓄条件句,由lost可知,此处表示与过去事实相反的情况,故用would/could/should/might+have done结构。故选D。

24.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查同位语从句和虚拟语气。句意:他提议去看美术展,这使我们每个人都很感兴趣。分析句子可知“to see the exhibition”为同位语从句,补充说明主语suggestion,故用that引导。此处suggestion译为“建议”,其后从句使用虚拟语气,结构为:主+should do,should可以省略。故选A项。

25.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意:眼科医生建议孩子应在六个月大时进行第一次眼睛检查。recommend表示“建议;主张”后接从句,要用should do(should可省)的虚拟语气。故选B。

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