中考模拟试题(一)

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2024届吉林省长春市中考第一次模拟考试语文模拟试题(含答案)

2024届吉林省长春市中考第一次模拟考试语文模拟试题(含答案)

2024届吉林省长春市中考第一次模拟考试语文模拟试题一、积累与运用(15分)请在答题卡相应的田字格中或横线上端正的书写正确答案或填写相应选项。

(第1——4题每句1分,第5题每小题2分)饱览河山,满眼都是美丽的风景,心中充满厚重的家国情怀。

“人生如逆旅,我亦是行人”,诗人们用他们如椽巨笔下喷涌而出的文字,带领我们穿越千年,去体味他们各自的人生百味。

1.漫步河边,我们可以体会“,君子好逑”“,在水一方”(《诗经》)的思慕渴求。

2.登上黄鹤楼,我们可以观看“,”(崔颢《黄鹤楼》)草木茂盛的秀美风光。

3.徜徉西湖,我们可以欣赏“,”(白居易《钱塘湖春行》)的盎然生趣。

4.亲临边关,我们可以感受“报君黄金台上意,”(李贺《雁门太守行》)的报国之志。

5. 阅读语段,按要求完成题目。

或许是松原这座城市的冬天过于长吧,绿在这座城市的门外徘徊太久,一登上松原的舞台,渐次màn(①)延起来的绿意也就如关东汉子开怀畅饮一样,豪迈得一发而不可收,好像不把整个城市都染成绿色不罢休似的。

之后没几天,绿意弥(②)漫在松原的大街小巷,把一座城市变成了绿的海洋、绿的世界。

正所谓,城中有林,林中有景,满眼绿色,草木葱茏……松花江边长堤上绿荫如盖、水韵□□,水面波光潋滟、绿意□□,给这个北方的江面增加了几分江南的娟秀与温柔。

来到镜湖岸边,虽看不到荷叶田田、芦苇荡漾,但用不了两个月,“小荷才露尖尖角”的秀美,一定会给松原的绿带来古典的几分诗韵。

(1)给语段①处填写汉字,②处填写拼音。

①màn()延②弥()漫(2)在语段□□处填入词语,恰当的一项是()A.盎然氤氲B.氤氲盎然(3)“绿意弥漫在松原的大街小巷”一句中“弥漫”一词的句子成分是()A.主语B.谓语C.状语D.定语(4)语段中划线句子有语病,请将正确的句子抄写在下面。

2、阅读(45分)(1)文言文阅读(15分)【甲】阅读下面文言文,完成6——10题。

(10分)桃花源记陶渊明晋太元中,武陵人捕鱼为业。

2023年湖北省武汉市武昌区中考英语模拟试卷(一)(解析版)

2023年湖北省武汉市武昌区中考英语模拟试卷(一)(解析版)

2023年湖北省武汉市武昌区中考英语模拟试卷(一)英语试题第一部分听力部分一、听力测试(共三节)第一节听下面5个问题或句子。

每个问题后有三个答语, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每个问题后, 你都有5秒钟的时间来作答和阅读下一小题。

每个问题仅读一遍。

1. A. I think so. B. BoB. C. The nature.2. A. For six years. B. At 7:00. C. In 1996.3. A. Kung fu. B. In the newspaper. C. It was great.4. A. Shopping. B. A teacher. C. Very kind.第二节听下面7段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来作答有关小题和阅读下一小题每段对话仅读一遍。

5. What will the weather be like this weekend?A. Cloudy.B. Sunny.C. Rainy.6. How did Tom go to school today?A. By subway.B. By bike.C. By car.7. When will the girl have the English exam?A. On the 25th.B. On the 26th.C. On the 27th.8. What does the woman suggest buying?A. Cookies.B. A cake.C. Nothing.9. What time is it now?A. 4:45.B. 4:55.C. 5:15.10. What does the woman mean?A. She will help the man with the problem.B. She is good at maths.C. She can't figure out the problem, either.11. What do we know about the speakers?A. They will go to the graduation party.B. They went to the same party some time ago.C. They are discussing when to meet again.12. How will the man pay for the shirt and tie?A. B. C.第三节听下面4段对话或独白。

原创2023学年九年级中考模拟测试(一)英语试题

原创2023学年九年级中考模拟测试(一)英语试题

第一部分选择题(共60分)一、单项选择(每题1分,共15分)( ) 1.Good news! We’ll have ________ one-day holiday. Let’s go on a spring outing.A. aB. anC. theD. /( ) 2.—What’s your favourite, David?—I like _________ most. I often spend hours a day listening to it on iPad.A. sportsB. musicC. scienceD. stamps ( ) 3.If you _______ in class, you should ________ sorry to your teacher after class.A. say, tellB. speak, talkC. talk, speakD. talk, say( ) 4.—Jim was in time for the concert.—Yes. He had ________ one minute to arrive, no more or no less.A. especiallyB. probablyC. exactlyD. hardly( ) 5.When I got into the room, my mother was talking_______the phoneA. toB. withC. aboutD. on ( ) 6. The old man often feels _________ because his children live far away.A. hungryB. crazyC. sleepyD. lonely( ) 7.—I won’t get good grades ________ I work hard.—That’s _______ everyone is trying their best to achieve their dreams.A. until, whyB. unless, whyC. if, becauseD. since, when( ) 8.—What’s wrong with you, Jane? You look tired —I_______ to watch my favorite TV program last night.A.stayed upB. put upC. turned upD.picked up( ) 9.—Your parents aren’t at home, are they?—No. They ________ to Shanghai on a business trip.A. goB. will goC. have goneD. have been( ) 10.—Look! It _______ be Tom in the classroom.—It ________ be him. Because I saw him in the teachers’office just now.A. may, mustn’tB. must, can’tC. can, can’tD. mustn’t, can( ) 11.—________ is the population of your city, Ben?—I’m not sure. But I know it’s getting _______ now.A. what, largerB. what, moreC. How much,larger D. how much, more( ) 12.—We have to cancel the picnic because the weather is changing for the worse.—________. I’m looking forward to it all the time.A. Never mindB. Good ideaC. My pleasureD. What a pity( ) 13.—If you_______ another chance tomorrow, can you do it better, Lucy?—That’s for sure. Trust me!A. giveB. will giveC. are givenD.will be given( ) 14.—I haven’t been to TiandehuPark . What about you, Frank?—_______. But I plan to go there next week.A. Me, tooB. Neither have IC. So have ID. Ihope so( ) 15.—Mum, the visit to the SpaceMuseum is so wonderful.—Really? Could you tell me_________?A. when you come backB. what you saw and heard thereC. how did you go thereD. that you saw any spacecraft there二、完形填空(每空1分,共15分)My daughter saw a colorful rainbow the other day after a thunderstorm. She called me to look out of the window and 16 it as well. Looking at it, I was amazed at its beauty and I also 17 the first time I ever saw a rainbow as a boy.Once when I was a little boy, I was sitting in the house for an hour waiting 18 for the rain to stop so I could go out andplay. It had rained hard for long and I thought it would never 19 . When it finally did stop I rushed outside and was 20 by the beautiful sight of the rainbow across the sky. I had just recently heard of an old story. It said that there was a pot(罐子)of gold at the end of a rainbow. 21 , I started to run down the streets near my house to find that treasure. The quicker I ran, though, the more rainbow began to 22 . Finally, I found 23 running as fast as I possibly could, but it was too 24 . By the time I got there, the rainbow and its pot of gold had gone 25 .Sadly that wasn’t the last time I found myself running after the false(假的)26 . Over the years, I ran after the fame(名声), success and money. I got 27 of them, however. It 28 me a long time to find the true treasure that doesn’t break, disappear or run away. That true treasure is the love between people and it is 29 to all. I welcomed this treasure into my heart and life and shared it with others as well. And the more love I 30 , the more love I had in me.( ) 16. A. see B. hear C. feel D.smell( ) 17. A. chose B. reminded C. rememberedD. enjoyed( ) 18. A. lazily B. happily C. impatientlyD. bravely( ) 19. A. stop B. change C. remainD. keep( ) 20. A. attacked B. attracted C. hit D. crashed( ) 21. A. Excitedly B. Peacefully C. QuietlyD. Easily( ) 22. A. show B. appear C. disappear D. shine( ) 23. A. itself B. myself C. himselfD. herself( ) 24. A. bright B. weak C. highD. late( ) 25. A. broken B. missing C. badD. wrong( ) 26. A. treasure B. rainbow C. pot D. story( ) 27. A. both B. all C. neitherD. none( ) 28. A. spent B. paid C. tookD. cost( ) 29. A. empty B. useless C. cheap D. free( ) 30. A. asked B. ran after C. dreamed about D. gave away三、阅读理解(每题2分,共30分)AYou are not going to believe this! AJapanese sweets maker made a rocket usingcandy as fuel (燃料), and it went up in the airon March 7.With 20 soft candies, Candy Rocketwent 248 meters high.A big paper boat is floating on the water! It is 3.6 meters long and weighs 100kg. Morwenna Wilson, a British man, made it and put it on a lake in South London. This paper boat can even carry an adult.It must be amazing for skiers to try this. It is a bedroom in a cable car above the snowy mountains of Courchevel, France. It is 2,700 meters high. It has basic living things and can hold 4 people. You can enjoy beautiful night views in the air and arrive at the top the next day.Pandas are traveling around the world! In the capital city of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 1,600 pandas got together at the square. They will go to 15 famous places in Malaysia. French artist Paulo Grangeon made these pandas with paper. He started his project Pandas on Tour in 2008 and traveled to more than 20 countries. It is to tell people toprotect pandas.( ) 31.If you are interested in staying in a paper boat on a lake, you should go to _______.A. JapanB. EnglandC. FranceD. Malaysia( ) 32. How many people can stay in the bedroom in a cable car?A. 4.B. 15.C. 20.D. 248 ( ) 33. Why did Paulo Grangeon made 1,600 pandas with paper?A. To travel around the world.B. To enjoy beautiful night views.C. To become famous in the world.D. T o remind people to protect pandas.( ) 34. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. A Japanese scientist made the candy rocket and it went up in the air on March 7.B. Several adults can stay in the paper boat on a lake in South London.C. Skiers can stay in the bedroom in a cable car for a night.D. Paulo Grangeon is good at making paper pandas as well as paper boat.( ) 35. Where can you probably read this passage?A. In a newspaper.B. In a novel.C. In a dictionary.D. In a history bookBEvery place you leave becomes a memory.Even if you return to visit, in your mind it’s as it waswhen you left.I consider New York City my second hometown. You fight your way into New York City. It isn’t easy. It isn’t cheap. It isn’t so friendly. So when I got to Helsinki, the capital of Finland, I was surprised at how easy it was. People were friendly and nice. They are curious about what I thought of Finland.Except the coffee and the cost of living, Helsinki and New York don’t have much in common, but I was born in the US Midwest, which was heavily influenced by North Europe. So thelife of Finland seemed familiar to that of the US.Still, I missed New York, I visited it last year, and I went to my old coffee room, still in the same place. Although it was 2023, my mind insisted that it was 2007 and I had never left. The waiter looked at me silently, reaching for the same size cup and pouring the same type of coffee I always got. Same corner, same waiter, same coffee.To the waiter, he guessed maybe I moved to another neighborhood. He wouldn’t guess from my appearance that I haven’t even been in the country. He didn’t find that there was anything different until I opened my mouth. It was something I said, I’m sure. He mistook me for one of the tourists who got lost on their way from Times Square.In my mind, this is my home. It was the place when I dreamed of my childhood, long after I left it; and now I am the same as the other tourists with the packbag.( ) 36. Helsinki is in __________.A. FinlandB. AmericaC. New YorkD. China( ) 37. Compared with Helsinki, the life in New York City is _________.A. easyB. cheapC. difficultD. nice( ) 38. The writer’s real place of birth is _________.A. New York CityB. HelsinkiC. FinlandD. the USMidwest( ) 39. How long had the writer been away from New York before he visited it last year?A. 5B. 7C.9D. 10( ) 40. What made the coffee guy think the writer to be a tourist?A. What he looked.B. What he wore.C. What he said.D. What he did.CMark began to introduce the guest speaker to the listeners, but then stopped for a while. He had forgotten her name.Barbara hid her valuable things when she went on vacation. When she came back, she couldn’t remember where she’d put them.Perhaps you’ve had such experiences like these. Most people have. But most of them haven’t realized that they have a memory problem. Neither do they know a simple but important fact: Memory can be improved. If you’ll just accept that, the following will show you how.First, relax. If you are over worried about remembering something, you’ll forget it. If you keep telling yourself that your memory is bad, your mind will come to believe it and you won’t remember things. When you forget something, don’t follow up with sayings like “Oh, my God! I always forget things!”Such words will have a bad result on you and your memory.But relaxing isn’t enough. To improve your memory, you’ll need to take an active role. Like your body, your memory can be made strong through exercise. Look for opportunities to exercise your memory. For example, if you’re learning a language, try to actively remember a lot of new words.If you don’t take notice of things actively, you won’tremember them. So, you can make pictures of what you see in your mind every day. For example, don’t just put your keys down! If you want to find them again, make a mind picture of the place where you’re putting them.( ) 41. The first two paragraphs just tell us ________.A. Barbara was a very rich personB. Mark often forgot his friends’namesC. examples of memory problemsD. language problems of two persons( ) 42. When you forget things, you ________.A. must be too carelessB. shouldn’t lose heart about your memoryC. must accept the factD. shouldn’t take notice of the result( ) 43. The word “opportunities”in the fifth paragraph means “________”.A. placesB. activitiesC. positionsD. chances( ) 44. According to the passage, ________ can make your memory better.A. realizing your memory problemsB. talking to your friendsC. making mind pictures of what you seeD. doing sports every day( ) 45. The purpose of the passage is to help you ________.A. to improve your memoryB. to introduce the guestC. to remember new wordsD. to forget unhappy things第二部分非选择题(共60分)四、阅读表达(每题2分,共10分)Your smartphone may seem like the centre of your entertainment, but a KentStateUniversity study shows that too much phone use is taking the fun right out of our spare time.Researchers watched a group of nearly 500 students and recorded their daily smartphone use. Those who were considered in the “high-use”group experienced more stress during their spare time than the other group.So what can we do in order to really take advantage of our spare time? We have collected the following activities that also take a few hours to complete, but best part of all, you’llimprove your health in the process(过程).Whether you’re at home or on holiday, it’s important to disconnect from the Wi-Fi. Walking in a nature can do good to your health. As a professional(职业的)traveler. Samantha Brown put it in a recent passage, “I put my map in my back pocket, put down my phones and take a good, long walk. Just walk around.”Go to bed earlier. What can help improve your mood? Extra sleep, naturally. Getting the right number of sleep is very important to our health and studies show that we don’t get enough of it.Read a book. And let yourself get lost in a good story. Research shows that reading can reduce stress, keep your brain sharp and can even help you sleep better. Everyone should spend at least 30 minutes reading every day.Putting pen to paper is a good exercise. Try writing down your thoughts. Writing has a lot of health advantages. Besides, writing down your thoughts may even help clear your mind. Answer the following questions with no more than 5 words.1.What did researchers record those 500 students about?________________________________________________________________ _________2.What is Samantha Brown?________________________________________________________________ _________3.How can people improve th eir moods according to the passage?________________________________________________________________ _________4.How long should people spend on books every day?________________________________________________________________ _________5.How many activities does the writer advise us to do to improve our health according to the passage?________________________________________________________________ ________五、任务型阅读(每空一词,每词1分,共10分)The stressful school life and unhealthy lifestyles causesome problems to students. Here are some key mistakes and some tips.■Sitting for a long timeSo much homework and many computer games make students sit for several hours without standing or walking around. Because of long time sitting, some students have got diabetes (糖尿病) and heart disease (疾病).Tips: ·Get up and out of your chair for about five minutes every hour.·Walk over to a person instead of sending e-mails or text messages.■Eating irregularlySome students develop unhealthy eating habits. Fast food becomes more often. Heavy studying and stress keep students from eating meals regularly.Tips: ·Eat breakfast with eggs at the start of every day.·Never buy unhealthy food like fast food, sweets and candies.·Have three meals a day at the right time.■Sleeping lessIf some students don’t get enough sleep, the smooth cycle of our biological clock (生物钟) is broken. It can cause heartdisease and high blood pressure (高血压).Tips: ·Be sure to sleep for seven to eight hours every night.·Have a rest for about 30 minutes at noon.■Having a number of energy drinksAn energy drink or an extra cup of coffee might seem like the only way to get through a late-night study time. High levels of caffeine (咖啡因) can also cause high blood pressure. Tips: ·The safest way to get more energy is to eat regular meals, sleep well, exercise and drink lots of water.Title: A guide to students’__ 1Key mistakes TipsSitting too__ 2 Some students suffer fromdiabetes and heart disease.·Get up and out of yourchair often.·Walk over to person __3Eating irregularly Heavy studying andstress__ 4 studentseating meals regularly.·Eat breakfast with eggsevery_ 5 .·Buy __ 6 food.·Have three meals a day.Sleeping less Not __ 7 sleep breaksthe smooth cycle of ourbiological clock.·Sleep for 7 to 8 hoursevery night.·Have a rest for about1.____________2.____________3.___________4.___________5.____________6.____________7.____________8.___________9.___________10.___________六、词汇运用(每题1分,共10分)A.根据句意和汉语提示在空白处填入一个适当的单词。

2023年安徽省芜湖市中考模拟(一)语文试题(含答案)

2023年安徽省芜湖市中考模拟(一)语文试题(含答案)

2023届初中毕业班教学质量模拟监测(一)语文注意事项:1.你拿到的试卷满分为150分(其中卷面书写占5分),考试时间为150分钟;2.试卷包括“试题卷”和“答题卷”两部分,“试题卷”共4页,“答题卷”共4页;3.请务必在...,在“试题卷”上答题是无效的;....“答题卷...”上答题4.考试结束后,请将“试题卷”和“答题卷”一并交回。

一、语文积累与运用(35分)1.默写。

(10分)(1)孔子曰:“君子登高必赋。

”自古以来,登高抒怀,便是不少文人的文化自觉。

王安石在《登飞来峰》中,用“_____________________,_____________________”表达他对前途的无比自信;杜甫在《望岳》中,用“_____________________,_____________________”表达他远大的志向和广阔的胸襟。

(2)我国古代文人常通过文字表达家国情怀,无论身处顺境还是逆境,他们都心系国家和百姓。

范仲淹在《岳阳楼记》中将国家、人民的利益放在首位,用“_____________________,_____________________”表达了自己的忧乐观。

杜甫在《茅屋为秋风所破歌》中用“_____________________,_____________________”表达忧国忧民的情思。

苏轼在《江城子·密州出猎》中借用典故,表达作者愿意驰骋疆场、为国立功的句子是“_____________________,_____________________”。

2.请运用积累的知识,完成(1)~(4)题。

(13分)【甲】史进会意,在梯子上叫道:“你两个都头都不要闹动,权退一步,我自绑缚出来解官请赏。

那两个都头却怕史进,只得应道:“我们都是没事的,等你绑出来同去请赏。

”史进下梯子……把庄里有的没的细软等物,即便收拾,尽教打叠起了;一壁点起三四十个火把。

史进和三个头领,全身披挂,枪架上各人跨了腰刀,拿了朴刀,拽扎起,把庄后草屋点着……就中堂又放起火来,大开了庄门呐声喊,杀将出来。

【解析版】潍坊市中考数学模拟试卷(一)

【解析版】潍坊市中考数学模拟试卷(一)

山东省潍坊市中考数学模拟试卷(一)一、选择题(本题共12小题,在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一个是正确的,请把正确的选项选出来.每小题选对得3分,选错、不选或选出的答案超过一个均记0分.)1.计算的结果是()A. 2 B.±2 C.﹣2 D.2.地球平均半径约等于6 400 000米,6 400 000用科学记数法表示为()A. 64×105 B. 6.4×105 C. 6.4×106 D. 6.4×1073.如图是五个相同的正方体组成的一个几何体,它的左视图是()A. B. C. D.4.已知抛物线y=x2﹣2x+1与x轴的一个交点为(m,0),则代数式m2﹣2m+的值为() A. B. C. D.5.如图,已知矩形纸片ABCD,AD=2,AB=,以A为圆心,AD长为半径画弧交BC于点E,将扇形AED剪下围成一个圆锥,则该圆锥的底面半径为()A. 1 B. C. D.6.如图,AC为⊙O的直径,AB为⊙O的弦,∠A=35°,过点C的切线与OB的延长线相交于点D,则∠D=()A. 20° B. 30° C. 40° D. 35°7.如图,边长为1的正方形ABCD绕点A逆时针旋转45°后得到正方形AB1C1D1,边B1C1与CD 交于点O,则四边形AB1OD的周长是()A. B. 2 C. 1+ D. 38.如图,小正方形的边长均为1,关于△ABC和△DEF的下列说法正确的是()A.△ABC和△DEF一定不相似B.△ABC和△DEF是位似图形C.△ABC和△DEF相似且相似比是1:2D.△ABC和△DEF相似且相似比是1:49.已知二次函数y=ax2+bx+c图象如图所示,则下面结论成立的是()A. a>0,bc<0 B. a<0,bc>0 C. a>0,bc>0 D. a<0,bc<010.如图,是一次函数y=kx+b与反比例函数的图象,则关于方程的解为()A. x1=1,x2=2 B. x1=﹣2,x2=﹣1 C. x1=1,x2=﹣2 D. x1=2,x2=﹣111.已知直线y=x﹣3与函数y=的图象相交于点(a,b),则a2+b2的值是() A. 13 B. 11 C. 7 D. 512.如图,半径为1cm,圆心角为90°的扇形OAB中,分别以OA、OB为直径作半圆,则图中阴影部分的面积为()A.πcm2 B.πcm2 C.cm2 D.cm2二、填空题(本大题共6小题,共15分,只要求填写最后结果,每小题填对得3分)13.把a3+ab2﹣2a2b分解因式的结果是.14.数据:1,5,6,5,6,5,6,6的众数是,中位数是,方差是.15.廊桥是我国古老的文化遗产.如图,是某座抛物线型的廊桥示意图,已知抛物线的函数表达式为y=﹣x2+10,为保护廊桥的安全,在该抛物线上距水面AB高为8米的点E,F处要安装两盏警示灯,则这两盏灯的水平距离EF是米.(精确到1米)16.一副三角板叠在一起如图放置,最小锐角的顶点D恰好放在等腰直角三角板的斜边AB上,BC与DE交于点M.如果∠ADF=100°,那么∠BMD为度.17.把两个半径为5和一个半径为8的圆形纸片放在桌面上,使它们两两外切,若要用一个大圆形纸片把这三个圆形纸片完全盖住,则这个大圆形纸片的最小半径等于.18.如图,在平面直角坐标系中,点A1是以原点O为圆心,半径为2的圆与过点(0,1)且平行于x轴的直线l1的一个交点;点A2是以原点O为圆心,半径为3的圆与过点(0,2)且平行于x 轴的直线l2的一个交点;…按照这样的规律进行下去,点A n的坐标为.三、解答题(本大题共6小题,共66分,解答要写出必要的文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.)19.“端午节”所示我国的传统佳节,民间历来有吃“粽子”的习俗,我市某食品厂为了解市民对去年销售较好的肉馅棕、豆沙馅粽、红枣馅粽、蛋黄馅粽(以下分别用A、B、C、D表示)这四种不用口味粽子的喜爱情况,在节前对某居民区进行了抽样调查,并将调查情况绘制成如下两幅统计图(尚不完整).请根据以上信息回答:(1)本次参加抽样调查的居民有多少人?将两幅不完整的图补充完整;(3)若居民区有8000人,请估计爱吃D粽的人数;(4)若有外型完全相同的A、B、C、D粽各一个,煮熟后,小王吃了两个,用列表或画树状图的方法,求他第二个恰好吃到的是C粽的概率.20.如图所示,江北第一楼﹣﹣超然楼,位于济南大明湖畔,始建于元代,是一座拥有近千年历史的名楼.某学校九年级数学课外活动小组的学生准备利用假期测量超然楼的高度,在大明湖边一块平地上,甲和乙两名同学利用所带工具测量了一些数据,下面是他们的一段对话:甲:我站在此处看楼顶仰角为45°.乙:我站在你后面37m处看楼顶仰角为30°.甲:我的身高是1.7m.乙:我的身高也是1.7m.请你根据两位同学的对话,参考右面的图形计算超然楼的高度,结果精确到1米.(请根据下列数据进行计算)21.如图,点C在以AB为直径的⊙O上,点D在AB的延长线上,∠BCD=∠A.(1)求证:CD为⊙O的切线;若CD=4,⊙O的半径为3,求BD的值.22.我市某工艺厂为配合北京奥运,设计了一款成本为20元∕件的工艺品投放市场进行试销.经过调查,得到如下数据:销售单价x(元/件)… 30 40 50 60 …每天销售量y(件)… 500 400 300 200 …(1)把上表中x、y的各组对应值作为点的坐标,在下面的平面直角坐标系中描出相应的点,猜想y与x的函数关系,并求出函数关系式;当销售单价定为多少时,工艺厂试销该工艺品每天获得的利润最大?最大利润是多少?(利润=销售总价﹣成本总价)(3)当地物价部门规定,该工艺品销售单价最高不能超过45元/件,那么销售单价定为多少时,工艺厂试销该工艺品每天获得的利润最大?23.如图,在梯形ABCD中,AD∥BC,AD=3,DC=5,AB=4,∠B=45°.动点M从B点出发沿线段BC以每秒2个单位长度的速度向终点C运动;动点N同时从C点出发沿线段CD以每秒1个单位长度的速度向终点D运动.设运动的时间为t秒.(1)求BC的长;当MN∥AB时,求t的值;(3)试探究:t为何值时,△MNC为等腰三角形.24.如图,在平面直角坐标系中,圆M经过原点O,且与x轴、y轴分别相交于A(﹣6,0)、B (0,﹣8)两点.(1)求出直线AB的函数解析式;若有一抛物线的对称轴平行于y轴且经过点M,顶点C在⊙M上,开口向下,且经过点B,求此抛物线的函数解析式;(3)设中的抛物线交x轴于D、E两点,在抛物线上是否存在点P,使得S△PDE=S△ABC?若存在,请求出点P的坐标;若不存在,请说明理由.山东省潍坊市中考数学模拟试卷(一)参考答案与试题解析一、选择题(本题共12小题,在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一个是正确的,请把正确的选项选出来.每小题选对得3分,选错、不选或选出的答案超过一个均记0分.)1.计算的结果是()A. 2 B.±2 C.﹣2 D.考点:算术平方根.分析:即为4的算术平方根,根据算术平方根的意义求值.解答:解:=2.故选A.点评:本题考查了算术平方根.关键是理解算式是意义.2.地球平均半径约等于6 400 000米,6 400 000用科学记数法表示为()A. 64×105 B. 6.4×105 C. 6.4×106 D. 6.4×107考点:科学记数法—表示较大的数.分析:科学记数法的表示形式为a×10n的形式,其中1≤|a|<10,n为整数.确定n的值时,要看把原数变成a时,小数点移动了多少位,n的绝对值与小数点移动的位数相同.当原数绝对值>1时,n是正数;当原数的绝对值<1时,n是负数.解答:解:6 400 000=6.4×106,故选:C.点评:此题考查科学记数法的表示方法.科学记数法的表示形式为a×10n的形式,其中1≤|a|<10,n为整数,表示时关键要正确确定a的值以及n的值.3.如图是五个相同的正方体组成的一个几何体,它的左视图是()A. B. C. D.考点:简单组合体的三视图.分析:找到从左面看所得到的图形即可,注意所有的看到的棱都应表现在左视图中.解答:解:从左面看易得第一列有1个正方形,第二列有2个正方形.故选D.点评:本题考查了三视图的知识,左视图是从物体的左面看得到的视图.4.已知抛物线y=x2﹣2x+1与x轴的一个交点为(m,0),则代数式m2﹣2m+的值为() A. B. C. D.考点:抛物线与x轴的交点.分析:根据图象上点的坐标性质得出m2﹣2m=﹣1,进而代入求出即可.解答:解:∵抛物线y=x2﹣2x+1与x轴的一个交点为(m,0),∴m2﹣2m+1=0,∴m2﹣2m=﹣1,则代数式m2﹣2m+=﹣1+=.故选:B.点评:此题主要考查了函数图象上点的坐标性质以及整体思想的应用,求出m2﹣2m=﹣1是解题关键.5.如图,已知矩形纸片ABCD,AD=2,AB=,以A为圆心,AD长为半径画弧交BC于点E,将扇形AED剪下围成一个圆锥,则该圆锥的底面半径为()A. 1 B. C. D.考点:弧长的计算;特殊角的三角函数值.专题:压轴题.分析:扇形的弧长=圆锥的底面圆的周长.利用弧长公式计算.解答:解:设圆锥底面半径为R,∵cos∠BAE==,∴∠BAE=30°,∠EAD=60°,弧DE===2πR,∴R=.故选C.点评:熟记特殊角的三角函数值和掌握弧长公式是解题的关键.6.如图,AC为⊙O的直径,AB为⊙O的弦,∠A=35°,过点C的切线与OB的延长线相交于点D,则∠D=()A. 20° B. 30° C. 40° D. 35°考点:切线的性质;圆周角定理.专题:几何图形问题.分析:连接BC,则∠ABC=90°,且∠A=35°,∠OCB=55°,又△BCO为等腰三角形,即有∠COB=70°,即可求∠D=90°﹣∠COB=20°.解答:解:连接BC,∴∠OCD=90°,∴∠OCB=55°,在△OCB中,OB=OC;即有∠COB=70°;∴∠D=90°﹣∠COB=20°.故选A.点评:本题利用了切线的概念和性质的应用以及三角形内角和为180°的知识点;在直角三角形中,同角或等角的余角相等;7.如图,边长为1的正方形ABCD绕点A逆时针旋转45°后得到正方形AB1C1D1,边B1C1与CD 交于点O,则四边形AB1OD的周长是()A. B. 2 C. 1+ D. 3考点:旋转的性质;正方形的性质.专题:计算题;压轴题.分析:连接AC,由正方形的性质可知∠CAB=45°,由旋转的性质可知∠B1AB=45°,可知点B1在线段AC上,由此可得B1C=B1O,即AB1+B1O=AC,同理可得AD+DO=AC.解答:解:连接AC,∵四边形ABCD为正方形,∴∠CAB=45°,∵正方形ABCD绕点A逆时针旋转45°,∴∠B1AB=45°,∴点B1在线段AC上,易证△OB1C为等腰直角三角形,∴B1C=B1O,∴AB1+B1O=AC==,同理可得AD+DO=AC=,∴四边形AB1OD的周长为2.故选:B.点评:本题考查了正方形的性质,旋转的性质,特殊三角形的性质.关键是根据旋转角证明点B1在线段AC上.8.如图,小正方形的边长均为1,关于△ABC和△DEF的下列说法正确的是()A.△ABC和△DEF一定不相似B.△ABC和△DEF是位似图形C.△ABC和△DEF相似且相似比是1:2D.△ABC和△DEF相似且相似比是1:4考点:相似三角形的判定与性质.专题:网格型.分析:先利用勾股定理分别计算两个三角形三边的长,再计算比值,得出三条对应边成比例,利用相似三角形的判定可知两个三角形相似.解答:解:∵AB=,BC=2,AC==,DE==,DF==2,EF=4,∴===,∴△ABC∽△DEF.故选C.点评:本题考查了勾股定理、相似三角形的判定和性质.9.已知二次函数y=ax2+bx+c图象如图所示,则下面结论成立的是()A. a>0,bc<0 B. a<0,bc>0 C. a>0,bc>0 D. a<0,bc<0考点:二次函数图象与系数的关系.专题:常规题型.分析:由抛物线的开口方向判断a的符号,然后结合对称轴判断b的符号,再由抛物线与y轴的交点判断c的符号,从而得出bc的符号解答即可.解答:解:由抛物线的开口向上知a>0,与y轴的交点为在y轴的负半轴上得c<0,对称轴为x=>0,a>0,得b<0,∴bc>0.故选C.点评:本题考查了二次函数图象与系数的关系,属于基础题,关键是掌握二次函数y=ax2+bx+c系数符号的确定.10.如图,是一次函数y=kx+b与反比例函数的图象,则关于方程的解为()A. x1=1,x2=2 B. x1=﹣2,x2=﹣1 C. x1=1,x2=﹣2 D. x1=2,x2=﹣1考点:反比例函数与一次函数的交点问题.专题:计算题.分析:根据题意可知,函数图象的交点坐标即为方程的解,根据格点找到交点坐标就可找到方程的解.解答:解:由图可知,两函数图象的交点坐标为(1,2);(﹣2,﹣1);则两横坐标为1和﹣2,∵函数的交点坐标符合两个函数的解析式,∴函数的交点坐标就是方程组的解,∴x=1或x=﹣2,故选C.点评:本题考查了反比例函数与一次函数的交点问题,找到两图象的交点坐标是解题的关键.11.已知直线y=x﹣3与函数y=的图象相交于点(a,b),则a2+b2的值是() A. 13 B. 11 C. 7 D. 5考点:反比例函数与一次函数的交点问题.专题:计算题.分析:利用反比例函数与一次函数的交点问题得到b=a﹣3,b=,则a﹣b=3,ab=2,再利用完全平方公式变形得到a2+b2=(a﹣b)2+2ab,然后利用整体代入的方法计算即可.解答:解:根据题意得b=a﹣3,b=,所以a﹣b=3,ab=2,所以a2+b2=(a﹣b)2+2ab=32+2×2=13.故选A.点评:本题考查了反比例函数与一次函数的交点问题:求反比例函数与一次函数的交点坐标,把两个函数关系式联立成方程组求解,若方程组有解则两者有交点,方程组无解,则两者无交点.也考查了观察函数图象的能力.12.如图,半径为1cm,圆心角为90°的扇形OAB中,分别以OA、OB为直径作半圆,则图中阴影部分的面积为()A.πcm2 B.πcm2 C.cm2 D.cm2考点:扇形面积的计算;等腰直角三角形.专题:压轴题;探究型.分析:过点C作CD⊥OB,CE⊥OA,则△AOB是等腰直角三角形,由∠ACO=90°,可知△AOC 是等腰直角三角形,由HL定理可知Rt△OCE≌Rt△ACE,故可得出S扇形OEC=S扇形AEC,与弦OC围成的弓形的面积等于与弦AC所围成的弓形面积,S阴影=S△AOB即可得出结论.解答:解:过点C作CD⊥OB,CE⊥OA,∵OB=OA,∠AOB=90°,∴△AOB是等腰直角三角形,∵OA是直径,∴∠ACO=90°,∴△AOC是等腰直角三角形,∵CE⊥OA,∴OE=AE,OC=AC,在Rt△OCE与Rt△ACE中,∵,∴Rt△OCE≌Rt△ACE,∵S扇形OEC=S扇形AEC,∴与弦OC围成的弓形的面积等于与弦AC所围成的弓形面积,同理可得,与弦OC围成的弓形的面积等于与弦BC所围成的弓形面积,∴S阴影=S△AOB=×1×1=cm2.故选C.点评:本题考查的是扇形面积的计算与等腰直角三角形的判定与性质,根据题意作出辅助线,构造出直角三角形得出S阴影=S△AOB是解答此题的关键.二、填空题(本大题共6小题,共15分,只要求填写最后结果,每小题填对得3分)13.把a3+ab2﹣2a2b分解因式的结果是a(a﹣b)2.考点:提公因式法与公式法的综合运用.分析:先提取公因式a,再利用完全平方公式继续进行二次因式分解.解答:解:a3+ab2﹣2a2b,=a(a2+b2﹣2ab),=a(a﹣b)2.点评:本题主要考查提公因式法分解因式和完全平方公式分解因式,进行二次因式分解是解本题的关键.14.数据:1,5,6,5,6,5,6,6的众数是6,中位数是 5.5,方差是.考点:众数;中位数;方差.分析:根据方差,众数,中位数的定义解答.解答:解:将数据从小到大依次排列为1,5,5,5,6,6,6,6.众数是6,中位数是(5+6)÷2=5.5,平均数是(1+5×3+6×4)÷8=40÷8=5.方差为[(1﹣5)2+3(5﹣5)2+4(5﹣6)2]=.故填6,5.5,.点评:一组数据中出现次数最多的数据叫做众数.样本方差描述了一组数据围绕平均数波动的大小.把这组数据从小到大依次排列,把中间数据(或中间两数据的平均数)叫做中位数.中位数把样本数据分成了相同数目的两部分.15.廊桥是我国古老的文化遗产.如图,是某座抛物线型的廊桥示意图,已知抛物线的函数表达式为y=﹣x2+10,为保护廊桥的安全,在该抛物线上距水面AB高为8米的点E,F处要安装两盏警示灯,则这两盏灯的水平距离EF是18米.(精确到1米)考点:二次函数的应用.专题:压轴题.分析:由题可知,E、F两点纵坐标为8,代入解析式后,可求出二者的横坐标,F的横坐标减去E 的横坐标即为EF的长.解答:解:由“在该抛物线上距水面AB高为8米的点”,可知y=8,把y=8代入y=﹣x2+10得:x=±4,∴由两点间距离公式可求出EF=8≈18(米).点评:以丽水市“古廊桥文化”为背景呈现问题,考查了现实中的二次函数问题,赋予传统试题新的活力,感觉不到“老调重弹”,在考查提取、筛选信息,分析、解决实际问题等能力的同时,发挥了让学生“熏陶文化,保护遗产”的教育功能.16.一副三角板叠在一起如图放置,最小锐角的顶点D恰好放在等腰直角三角板的斜边AB上,BC与DE交于点M.如果∠ADF=100°,那么∠BMD为85度.考点:三角形内角和定理.专题:压轴题.分析:先根据∠ADF=100°求出∠MDB的度数,再根据三角形内角和定理得出∠BMD的度数即可.解答:解:∵∠ADF=100°,∠EDF=30°,∴∠MDB=180°﹣∠ADF﹣∠EDF=180°﹣100°﹣30°=50°,∴∠BMD=180°﹣∠B﹣∠MDB=180°﹣45°﹣50°=85°.故答案为:85.点评:本题考查的是三角形内角和定理,即三角形内角和是180°.17.把两个半径为5和一个半径为8的圆形纸片放在桌面上,使它们两两外切,若要用一个大圆形纸片把这三个圆形纸片完全盖住,则这个大圆形纸片的最小半径等于.考点:相切两圆的性质.专题:计算题;作图题.分析:由题意作出图形,要求则这个大圆形纸片的最小半径,则在△APO中,将OA、OP分别用R表示后由勾股定理可得R值,即这个大圆形纸片的最小半径.解答:解:如图所示,⊙A、⊙B半径为5,⊙C半径为8,设⊙O半径为R.连接AB、BC、CA,则AB=10,BC=CA=13,过C作CP⊥AB,则P是AB中点.∴AP=5,在△ACP中由勾股定理CP2=AC2﹣AP2,∴CP=12,∵OC=R﹣8,∴OP=20﹣R,在△APO中,∵OA=R﹣5,AP=5,∴由勾股定理AP2=AO2﹣OP2,即52=(R﹣5)2﹣2,∴R=,则这个大圆形纸片的最小半径等于.点评:本题考查了相切圆的性质,以及勾股定理的应用,同学们应熟练掌握.18.如图,在平面直角坐标系中,点A1是以原点O为圆心,半径为2的圆与过点(0,1)且平行于x轴的直线l1的一个交点;点A2是以原点O为圆心,半径为3的圆与过点(0,2)且平行于x 轴的直线l2的一个交点;…按照这样的规律进行下去,点A n的坐标为().考点:切线的性质;勾股定理.专题:压轴题;规律型.分析:根据题意,可以首先求得A1(,1),A2(,2),A3(,3).根据这些具体值,不难发现:A n的纵坐标是n,横坐标是.解答:解:∵点A1是以原点O为圆心,半径为2的圆与过点(0,1)且平行于x轴的直线l1的一个交点,∴A1的纵坐标为1,横坐标为:=,即A1(,1);同理可求:A2(,2),A3(,3)∴根据这些具体值,得出规律:A n的纵坐标是n,横坐标是.即A n的坐标为().故答案为:().点评:此题可以首先求得几个具体值,然后进一步发现坐标和脚码的规律.三、解答题(本大题共6小题,共66分,解答要写出必要的文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.)19.“端午节”所示我国的传统佳节,民间历来有吃“粽子”的习俗,我市某食品厂为了解市民对去年销售较好的肉馅棕、豆沙馅粽、红枣馅粽、蛋黄馅粽(以下分别用A、B、C、D表示)这四种不用口味粽子的喜爱情况,在节前对某居民区进行了抽样调查,并将调查情况绘制成如下两幅统计图(尚不完整).请根据以上信息回答:(1)本次参加抽样调查的居民有多少人?将两幅不完整的图补充完整;(3)若居民区有8000人,请估计爱吃D粽的人数;(4)若有外型完全相同的A、B、C、D粽各一个,煮熟后,小王吃了两个,用列表或画树状图的方法,求他第二个恰好吃到的是C粽的概率.考点:列表法与树状图法.分析:(1)利用频数÷百分比=总数,求得总人数;根据条形统计图先求得C类型的人数,然后根据百分比=频数÷总数,求得百分比,从而可补全统计图;(3)用居民区的总人数×40%即可;(4)首先画出树状图,然后求得所有的情况以及他第二个恰好吃到的是C粽的情况,然后利用概率公式计算即可.解答:解:(1)60÷10%=600(人)答:本次参加抽样调查的居民由600人;600﹣180﹣60﹣240=120,120÷600×100%=20%,100%﹣10%﹣40%﹣20%=30%补全统计图如图所示:(3)8000×40%=3200(人)答:该居民区有8000人,估计爱吃D粽的人有3200人.(4)如图:P(C粽)=.点评:本题主要考查的是条形统计图、扇形统计图以及概率的计算,掌握画树状图或列表求概率的方法是解题的关键.20.如图所示,江北第一楼﹣﹣超然楼,位于济南大明湖畔,始建于元代,是一座拥有近千年历史的名楼.某学校九年级数学课外活动小组的学生准备利用假期测量超然楼的高度,在大明湖边一块平地上,甲和乙两名同学利用所带工具测量了一些数据,下面是他们的一段对话:甲:我站在此处看楼顶仰角为45°.乙:我站在你后面37m处看楼顶仰角为30°.甲:我的身高是1.7m.乙:我的身高也是1.7m.请你根据两位同学的对话,参考右面的图形计算超然楼的高度,结果精确到1米.(请根据下列数据进行计算)考点:解直角三角形的应用-仰角俯角问题.分析:首先利用CE为超然楼的高度,构造直角三角形,进而利用锐角三角函数关系tan30°=得出CD的长,进而得出EC的长即可得出答案.解答:解:设根据题意画出图形得出:AB=37m,AM=BF=1.7m,∠CAD=30°,∠CBD=45°,故CD=BD,AM=DE=1.7m,∵tan30°====,∴解得:DC===≈50.5(m),则CE=DC+DE=50.5+1.7=52.2≈52(m),答:超然楼的高度为52m.点评:此题主要考查了解直角三角形中仰角问题的应用,根据锐角三角函数的关系得出CD的长是解题关键.21.如图,点C在以AB为直径的⊙O上,点D在AB的延长线上,∠BCD=∠A.(1)求证:CD为⊙O的切线;若CD=4,⊙O的半径为3,求BD的值.考点:切线的判定;圆周角定理;相似三角形的判定与性质.分析:(1)连接OC,根据等腰三角形的性质求出∠OCB=∠OBC,根据AB是直径得出∠ABC=90°,求出∠A+∠ABC=90°,代入求出∠OCB+∠BCD=90°,根据切线的判定推出即可;证△DCB∽△DAC,得出CD2=BD×DA,代入即可求出BD.解答:(1)证明:连接OC,∵OB=OC,∴∠OBC=∠OCB,∵AB是直径,∴∠ACB=90°,∴∠A+∠ABC=90°,又∵∠BCD=∠A,∴∠OCB+∠BCD=90°,∴∠OCD=90°,即OC⊥CD又∵点C在⊙O上,∴CD是⊙O的切线.解:∵∠BCD=∠A,∠D=∠D,∴△BCD∽△CAD,∴,即CD2=AD•BD又∵CD=4,AO=OB=3,∴16=(BD+6)BD,解得:BD=2.点评:本题考查了切线的判定,圆周角定理,相似三角形的性质和判定,等腰三角形的性质等知识点,主要考查学生综合运用性质进行推理的能力,题目比较典型,难度适中.22.我市某工艺厂为配合北京奥运,设计了一款成本为20元∕件的工艺品投放市场进行试销.经过调查,得到如下数据:销售单价x(元/件)… 30 40 50 60 …每天销售量y(件)… 500 400 300 200 …(1)把上表中x、y的各组对应值作为点的坐标,在下面的平面直角坐标系中描出相应的点,猜想y与x的函数关系,并求出函数关系式;当销售单价定为多少时,工艺厂试销该工艺品每天获得的利润最大?最大利润是多少?(利润=销售总价﹣成本总价)(3)当地物价部门规定,该工艺品销售单价最高不能超过45元/件,那么销售单价定为多少时,工艺厂试销该工艺品每天获得的利润最大?考点:二次函数的应用;一次函数的应用.专题:压轴题;图表型.分析:(1)描点,由图可猜想y与x是一次函数关系,任选两点求表达式,再验证猜想的正确性;利润=销售总价﹣成本总价=单件利润×销售量.据此得表达式,运用性质求最值;(3)根据自变量的取值范围结合函数图象解答.解答:解:(1)画图如图;由图可猜想y与x是一次函数关系,设这个一次函数为y=kx+b(k≠0)∵这个一次函数的图象经过(30,500)(40,400)这两点,∴解得∴函数关系式是:y=﹣10x+800(0≤x≤80)设工艺厂试销该工艺品每天获得的利润是W元,依题意得W=(x﹣20)(﹣10x+800)=﹣10x2+1000x﹣16000=﹣10(x﹣50)2+9000∴当x=50时,W有最大值9000.所以,当销售单价定为50元∕件时,工艺厂试销该工艺品每天获得的利润最大,最大利润是9000元.(3)对于函数W=﹣10(x﹣50)2+9000,当x≤45时,W的值随着x值的增大而增大,∴销售单价定为45元∕件时,工艺厂试销该工艺品每天获得的利润最大.点评:根据函数解析式求出的最值是理论值,与实际问题中的最值不一定相同,需考虑自变量的取值范围.23.如图,在梯形ABCD中,AD∥BC,AD=3,DC=5,AB=4,∠B=45°.动点M从B点出发沿线段BC以每秒2个单位长度的速度向终点C运动;动点N同时从C点出发沿线段CD以每秒1个单位长度的速度向终点D运动.设运动的时间为t秒.(1)求BC的长;当MN∥AB时,求t的值;(3)试探究:t为何值时,△MNC为等腰三角形.考点:解直角三角形;等腰三角形的性质;勾股定理;梯形;相似三角形的判定与性质.专题:压轴题.分析:(1)作梯形的两条高,根据直角三角形的性质和矩形的性质求解;平移梯形的一腰,根据平行四边形的性质和相似三角形的性质求解;(3)因为三边中,每两条边都有相等的可能,所以应考虑三种情况.结合路程=速度×时间求得其中的有关的边,运用等腰三角形的性质和解直角三角形的知识求解.解答:解:(1)如图①,过A、D分别作AK⊥BC于K,DH⊥BC于H,则四边形ADHK是矩形.∴KH=AD=3.在Rt△ABK中,AK=AB•sin45°=4•=4,BK=AB•cos45°=4=4.在Rt△CDH中,由勾股定理得,HC==3.∴BC=BK+KH+HC=4+3+3=10.如图②,过D作DG∥AB交BC于G点,则四边形ADGB是平行四边形.∵MN∥AB,∴MN∥DG.∴BG=AD=3.∴GC=10﹣3=7.由题意知,当M、N运动到t秒时,CN=t,CM=10﹣2t.∵DG∥MN,∴∠NMC=∠DGC.又∵∠C=∠C,∴△MNC∽△GDC.∴,即.解得,.(3)分三种情况讨论:①当NC=MC时,如图③,即t=10﹣2t,∴.②当MN=NC时,如图④,过N作NE⊥MC于E.解法一:由等腰三角形三线合一性质得:EC=MC=(10﹣2t)=5﹣t.在Rt△CEN中,cosC==,又在Rt△DHC中,cosC=,∴.解得t=.解法二:∵∠C=∠C,∠DHC=∠NEC=90°,∴△NEC∽△DHC.∴,即.∴t=.③当MN=MC时,如图⑤,过M作MF⊥CN于F点.FC=NC=t.解法一:(方法同②中解法一),解得.解法二:∵∠C=∠C,∠MFC=∠DHC=90°,∴△MFC∽△DHC.∴,即,∴.综上所述,当t=、t=或t=时,△MNC为等腰三角形.点评:注意梯形中常见的辅助线:平移一腰、作两条高.构造等腰三角形的时候的题目,注意分情况讨论.此题的知识综合性较强,能够从中发现平行四边形、等腰三角形等,根据它们的性质求解.24.如图,在平面直角坐标系中,圆M经过原点O,且与x轴、y轴分别相交于A(﹣6,0)、B (0,﹣8)两点.(1)求出直线AB的函数解析式;若有一抛物线的对称轴平行于y轴且经过点M,顶点C在⊙M上,开口向下,且经过点B,求此抛物线的函数解析式;(3)设中的抛物线交x轴于D、E两点,在抛物线上是否存在点P,使得S△PDE=S△ABC?若存在,请求出点P的坐标;若不存在,请说明理由.考点:二次函数综合题.专题:压轴题.分析:(1)利用待定系数法即可求解;首先根据抛物线的顶点在圆上且与y轴平行即可确定抛物线的顶点坐标,再根据待定系数法求函数解析式;(3)三角形ABC的面积为15,所以假设三角形PDE的面积为1,因为DE长为2,所以P到DE 的距离为1,则P的坐标是(x,1),代入抛物线解析式即可求解.解答:解:(1)设直线AB的解析式为y=kx+b,。

中考语文模拟试题卷及参考答案 (一)

中考语文模拟试题卷及参考答案 (一)

中考语文模拟试题卷及参考答案 (一)近来,全国各地的初中毕业班都陆续开始进行中考模拟考试,而语文成为了其中最为重要的一门科目。

正所谓,“语文是做好其他科目的基础”,因此,如何应对模拟考试,提高自己的语文水平备战中考也成了许多学生关注的话题。

一份好的模拟试题不仅能够真实模拟中考所考察的内容和难度,同时也能够帮助学生评估自己的学习成果,发现不足,纠正错误。

下面,笔者汇总了一份常见的中考语文模拟试题及参考答案,供学习参考。

第一部分:阅读理解(共25分)本部分共分三篇文章,每篇文章后有5个问题。

阅读时间为40分钟。

篇一:《天上的圆舞曲》孩子们在嬉闹,老人们在谈笑,城市的一草一木都在为今天做好准备,因为今天是烟花盛会的日子。

天上的圆舞曲是今天最重要的一场演出。

与众不同的是,这场演出是由天上的小动物们为大家表演的。

大家开心地庆祝着,天上的小动物也在认真排练。

1. 文章主要讲述的是什么?A. 烟花盛会的日子B. 天上的圆舞曲表演C. 城市的热闹景象D. 天上的小动物们的表演2. 天上的圆舞曲是由谁表演的?A. 孩子们B. 老人们C. 城市中的一草一木D. 天上的小动物们3. 以下哪句话说明了天上的小动物在认真排练?A. “孩子们在嬉闹”B. “老人们在谈笑”C. “城市的一草一木都在为今天做好准备”D. “天上的小动物也在认真排练”4. 为什么大家在开心地庆祝?A. 因为今天是烟花盛会的日子B. 因为今天是天上的圆舞曲表演日C. 因为城市中的一草一木都在为今天做好准备D. 因为孩子们在嬉闹5. 本文的文体是什么?A. 描写文B. 故事文C. 说明文D. 记叙文参考答案:1.B 2.D 3.D 4.A 5.D篇二:《一只流浪的小猫》有一只小猫走丢了,只能四处流浪。

在这个寒冷的冬天,风雪把它冻得瑟瑟发抖。

它饿了三天三夜,身体如同小枯枝般瘦弱。

有一天,它感觉到了一丝暖意,走过去一看,原来是一家人的门稍微开了一点。

小猫轻轻地钻进去,躲在了床下。

2024年中考语文模拟试题及答案

2024年中考语文模拟试题一、积累运用(共16分)阅读下面语段,完成1-2题。

小说中许多生动鲜活的形象给我们留下了深刻印象:在生活重压下,苦得像一个木偶人的中年闰土;因为被忽视而露出鄙夷神色的杨二嫂;在游船上认出衣衫褴褛卖牡蛎的于勒后,脸色煞白、语无轮次的菲利普先生;中举后欣喜若狂以致摔倒不省人事的范进;思贤如渴,亲自前往拜谒诸葛亮的刘备。

正是小说中形形色色的人物,让我们认识了人性的复杂。

1.依次给语段中加点的字注音,全都正确的一项是(3分)()A.lán shà yèB.jiān shà jiéC.lán shǎ jiéD.jiān shǎ yè2.上面文段中画线词语书写有误的一项是(3分)()A.鄙夷B.语无轮次C. 不省人事D.思贤如渴3.下列句子中加点成语使用恰当的一项是(3分)()A.极目远眺,连绵的群山鳞次栉比....,气势磅礴,让我们感受到大自然的神奇魅力。

B.为了我市“创建全国文明城市”工作的顺利推进,广大领导干部深入基层,开展了一系列富有成效的工作,真是无所不为....。

C.川流不息....的汉江水滚滚而来,汇集于丹江口水库,又经南水北调线渠道缓缓北上,润泽了干渴的北方。

D.5月1日,济南泉城公园全新开放,从湖上纵目四望,长堤拂柳,碧波荡漾,美不胜收....。

4.下列各句中,没有语病的一项是(3分)()A.学生睡眠不足,就会严重降低学习效率和思考状态。

B.对于这座纪念馆是否收门票的问题,有关部门出面予以否认。

C.在沿河风光带慢跑,能使人看到清澈的河水、青青的垂柳。

D.经过事实教育,全体医务人员对继承祖国医学遗产的问题有了正确认识。

5.剪纸是中国古老的传统文化,为传承中华优秀传统文化,九年级三班开展“走近非遗文化——剪纸”的语文实践活动,请根据要求完成以下任务。

(共4分)(1)任务一:根据下面的材料,从四个方面概括剪纸的特点。

人教版中考语文模拟试卷及答案(一)

人教版中考语文模拟试卷及答案(一)研究必备,人教版中考语文模拟试题(一)及答案一、积累及运用(每题3分,共18分)1.下列各项中字形和加点字字音全都正确的一项是()B、仄歪(zè)嶙峋(xún)干涸(gù)唯妙唯肖(xiào)2.下列词语中,没有错别字的一项是()D.亵赌鸿鹄睥睨独具XXX3.下列各句中,加点的成语使用恰当的一项是()D.近年来,在种种灾害面前,各级政府防患未然,及时启动应急预案,力争把人民的生命财产损失降到最低限度。

4.下列句子中没有语病的一项是()A.参加第二十一届冬奥会的中国体育代表团载誉归来,勇夺五金实现历史突破。

5.填入下面横线上的句子,排列恰当的一项是()要取得成功,首先要学会低头。

因此,你再优秀,再有名,也没有人愿意与你合作。

②这恰如演奏一支高昂的曲子,起首往往是低调的。

④低头,既是正确,也是对他人的一种尊重。

③什么时候都高昂着头,实际上是抬高自己,看低别人。

①你瞧不起别人,人家干吗要瞧得起你呢?B.②③④①6.下列关于名著中人物的表述,不正确的一项是()(文章中没有这道题目)研究必备,人教版中考语文模拟试题(一)及答案一、积累及运用(每题3分,共18分)1.下列各项中,字形和加点字的字音全都正确的一项是()B、仄歪(zè)嶙峋(xún)干涸(gù)唯妙唯肖(xiào)2.下列词语中,没有错别字的一项是()D.亵赌鸿鹄睥睨独具XXX3.下列各句中,加点的成语使用恰当的一项是()D.近年来,在种种灾害面前,各级政府防患未然,及时启动应急预案,力争把人民的生命财产损失降到最低限度。

4.下列句子中没有语病的一项是()A.参加第二十一届冬奥会的中国体育代表团载誉归来,勇夺五金实现历史突破。

5.填入下面横线上的句子,排列恰当的一项是()要取得成功,首先要学会低头。

因此,你再优秀,再有名,也没有人愿意与你合作。

2024年中考模拟英语检测卷一(含答案)

中考模拟试题一(满分为110分,时间为100分钟)姓名___________得分:一.单项选择题(每小题1分,满分10分)( ) 1.The Internet is so closely connected with our daily life. Can you ________a life without it.A. imagineB. expectC. understandD. influence( ) 2. My mother often tells me It’s impolite to hit an empty bowl ____chopsticks.A. inB. byC. onD. with( ) 3.They have been friends ___________ they first met.A. sinceB. whileC. beforeD. after( ) 4.You look the same now as you looked ten years ago. You’ve _________changed.A. completelyB. greatlyC. hardlyD. already( ) 5.—Would you like a cup of coffee or a bottle of orange, Jim?--- _________. Just water.A.EitherB. NeitherC. BothD. None( ) 6. The lake is very big, and it __________ three quarters of the whole school.A takes off B. takkes away C. take up D. take down( ) 7. Paper ______________ in ancient China more than 2,000 years agoA. will be inventedB. was inventedC.was inventingD. is invented ( ) 8.When we are ________, it’s important to calm ourselves down.A. in timeB. in dangerC. in personD. in public( ) 9. – I feel a little nervous about giving a speech in front of so many people.--- __________. I believe you can make it.A. Never mindB. Well doneC. Take it easyD. That depends ( ) 10.Please read the poem below. Which word is the most suitable for the二.完形填空(每小题1分,满分15分)阅读短文,从各题所给A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出一个最佳答案In the closing years(595--605) of the Sui Dynasty, a terrible flood happened on the Xiao River outside the city of Zhaozhou. The flood brought down a large 11 bridge. People had 12 the bridge many times. 13 it was still washed away over and over again."What's wrong with it?” Li Chun, the most famous local 14 at that time, asked himself. He worked day and night at the drawing of the bridge and found out that the stone supports(支柱)couldn't 15 the force of the flood.One day, 16 came into his mind! He thought of building bow-shaped arches(拱)17 stone supports. And there would be only one big arch, supported at each end by 18 small ones. When floods came, the waters would run 19 the four small arches, bringing 20 influence on the bridge. He was greatly 21 by the idea, and danced happily right at his desk.A new Zhaozhou Bridge was built, It was 22 and beautiful. The local people of Zhaozhou were very glad that the problem of the stone bridge was finally 23 . Now, this great stone bridge with a history of over 24 years has become a classical example of China's arched bridges. It shows the wisdom and 25 of the Chinese people. ( )11. A.wooden B. stone C. Steel D. plastic( )12. A. fixed B. break C. set D. rebuilt( )13. A.But B. And C. So D. Or( )14. A.engineer B.inventor C.manager D. director( )15. A. stop B. reduce C.inerease D. stand( )16. A.a fact B. an idea C. a dream D. a picture( )17. A. together with B, except for C. instead of D.similar to( )18. A.one B, two C. three D.four( )19. A. through B. over C. acrons D.past( )20. A. great B. little C. few D. deep( )21. A.disappointed B. surprised C. excited D.satisfied( )22. A.heavy B. straight C. safe D. hard( )23. A. found out B. tumed out C. put out D. worked out( )24. A.1,200 B.1,300 C. 1,400 D.1,500( )25. A. creativity B. bravery C. honesty D.beauty三.阅读理解(每小题2分。

2024年河南省洛阳市涧西区中考模拟考试(一)语文试卷(含答案)

洛阳市涧西区2024年中招模拟考试(一)语 文 试 卷注意事项:1.本试卷共6页,满分120分,考试时间120分钟。

2.本试题分试题卷和答题卡两部分,试题卷上不答题,请按答题卡上的要求,直接把答案写在答题卡上。

答在试卷上的答案无效。

一、积累与运用(22分)班级准备开展主题为“实现梦想·超越梦想·创新梦想”的系列活动,请根据要求完成以下任务。

1.下面是此次活动主持人准备的开场白,请你帮助他补充。

(4分)乘风四月,青衿之志可期。

菁菁校园里,所有的相聚只为实现心中的梦想……在这一段美好年华里,我们的青春如红日喷 (薄 溥)而出,我们在速度和力量的震 (撼 憾)中为自己祈祷,朝着前方奔跑,不负韶华,用奋斗为青春谱写最完美的初中生活。

(1)发言稿中加点字应该怎么读? 请帮他作出选择。

( )(2分)A. jīn jīng sháoB. jīng qīng sháoC. jīng jīng shàoD. jīn qīng shào(2)两个横线处分别选用哪个字,请工整书写。

(2分)2.活动中,班主任借用古诗文深情地回顾了三年来的同学们的追梦之旅。

(8分)亲爱的同学们,时光带走了三年相伴的岁月,我闭上双眸,眼前浮现的是同学们“ ① ,往来无白丁”(刘禹锡《陋室铭》)的读书交流画面,我似乎还听到大家百日誓师大会上“ ② , ③ ”(李白《行路难》其一)的铮铮誓言,研学爬山登顶时“ ④ , ⑤ ”(王安石《登飞来峰》)的感慨……一幕幕都那么真切,令人难忘。

真挚的友谊可以跨越山海,“ ⑥ , ⑦ ”(王勃《送杜少府之任蜀州》),希望同学们拥有积极乐观的人生态度;祝福同学们在追梦路上有像大鹏“ ⑧ ”(庄子《北冥有鱼》)扶摇直上的志向。

3.活动中,同学们畅想未来,给未来的自己写下了一封信,诉说年少时的梦想,你想选用哪张邮票贴在信封上? 说说选择它的原因吧。

(3分)4.为了纪念精彩的初中追梦生活,班主任准备将同学们的优秀习作制作成文集出版,下图是文集出版的流程框架图,请你用简洁的语言表述。

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中考模拟试题(一)(满分: 100分时间: 90分钟)选择部分(共70分)一、单项选择(15分)1. --- Can Peter go to the Children’s Palace with me tomorrow? --- If he ______ better tonight.A. feelsB. feelC. will feelD. felt2. Jenny finished the work quickly, and ______.A. so did TomB. or did TomC. so was TomD. neither did Tom3. You will ______ to show your ticket if you want to go into that building.A. askB. be askedC. be askingD. ask him4. We must ______ the classroom ______.A. kept; cleanedB. keeps; cleanC. keep; cleanD. keep; cleaning5. Mr. Green will come to China and stay here for ______ next year.A. some timeB. some timesC. sometimesD. sometime6. I was reading a newspaper ______ he came in.A. whenB. whileC. sinceD. as soon as7. I don’t think there is ______ in today’s newspaper.A. nothing newB. something interestingC. important anythingD. anything important8. ______ your coat. It’s snowing outside.A. WearB. DressC. Put onD. Take away9. This is the ______ blouse we have. It’s only eight yuan.A. most expensiveB. very expensiveC. cheapestD. cheaper10. --- How ______ going to the park?--- By car.A. is the ReadB. are the ReadsC. are ReadsD. are the Read11. Miss Smith is ______ that we all like his lessons.A. so good a teacherB. so good teacherC. a such good teacherD. such good teacher12. Danny is interested ______ maths while Jenny prefers English ______ maths.A. at; onB. about; onC. in; toD. at; in13. You had nothing for lunch, ______?A. weren’t youB. didn’t youC. had youD. did you14. I like playing ______ violin, but I don’t like playing ______ football.A. the; theB. a; theC. the; /D. /; the15. Brian ______ in Beijing because I saw him in town only a few minutes ago.A. mustn’t beB. can’t beC. may notD. isn’t able to be二、选出与划线部分意思相同或相近的选项(5分)16. They had had the TV set for more than 10 years.A. nearlyB. almostC. overD. less than17. Hawaii is famous for its beautiful beaches.A. good-knownB. well-knownC. good-knowD. well-know18. Maybe he’ll be back in two hours.A. SoB. ThenC. PerhapsD. Just19. The boy is able to draw a good house in five minutes.A. mayB. canC. willD. must20. I paid fifty dollars for the dress.A. took…toB. cost…toC. spent…onD. spent…in三、补全对话(10分)David = D Susan = SD: Hello, Office Center.S: Hi, is that you, David? 21D: Fine, thank you, and you? Susan, I’m so glad that you phoned. How is your study in London?S: Everything is going on quite well. And how about your teaching?D: OK. The students are very good. Oh, did I tell you about my trip to London?S: Yes, 22D: I’m leaving tomorrow afternoon at two. My flight number is BC 256 and I’ll get to the Heathrow airport at four. Susan, can you meet me at the airport tomorrow?S: Oh, I’m terribly sorry that 23 I have to bring my mother home from hospital.D: I see. It’s all right. I can manage to find your place by myself.S: Well, David, my friend Tom will go to meet you.D: Oh, it’s good, but 24S: Oh, no trouble at all. He is very kind and he works at the Heathrow airport.D: OK. 25S: He looks very strong and tall. He has thick and brown hair. Well, he’ll call you when you arrive. I’m looking forward to seeing you.D: Thank you, Susan. I’ll see you tomorrow.S: See you.四、完形填空(10分)The earth is our home. We must take care of it. Life today is easier than it was 26 years ago, but it has brought some new problems. One of the biggest problems is pollution. We can see it, smell it, drink it and even hear it.Man has polluted the 27 . The more people, the more pollution. Many years ago, the problem was not so serious because there were not so 28 people. When the land was used up or the river was not clean in a place, man went to 29 place. Now man is slowly polluting the world.30 pollution is still the most serious, it’s bad for 31 things in the world.Many countries don’t let people burn 32 for air in the houses and factories in the city. Pollution by SO2 is now the most dangerous kind of air pollution. It’s caused by heavy traffic. People say it’s 33 to ride bikes. When you are riding, there is no pollution. But even in developed countries, most people don’t go to work by bike. It’s not because bikes are expensive or people are tired if they ride to work. It’s because the number of cars on the roads becomes larger. So more people 34 their bikes and go to work by car, then things are getting worse and worse. We should have special roads only for bikes and make it 35 difficult and expensive for drivers to take their cars into the city that they will go back to using their bikes.26. A. hundred B. hundreds ofC. hundred ofD. hundreds27. A. moon B. star C. earth D. sun28. A. lot B. little C. many D. much29. A. others B. the othersC. the otherD. another30. A. Air B. Food C. Water D. Noise 31. A. life B. live C. living D. lives32. A. something badB. bad somethingC. something goodD. good something33. A. least B. best C. most D. worst34. A. put on B. look atC. put awayD. look up35. A. quite B. such C. very D. so五、阅读理解(30分)(A)13 OctoberDear Editor,I am writing to ask what has happened to the young. They are not as polite, hardworking or clever as my generation(一代人). I’ll give you an example.Last Friday, I got on the underground at 9:15 a.m. It was very busy so there were no free seats. There were some teenagers sitting on the seats near me. I don’t know why they were not at school. They were talking loudly and laughing. It was difficult to read my newspaper with all the noise. A heavily pregnant(怀孕的) woman and her daughter got on at the next stop, with lots of shopping bags. I expected the teenagers to let them sit down. They slowly did so but gave me an impolite look. I got off at the next stop and was glad that the teenagers didn’t follow me.I worried about the future of our country. How could these young people become responsible(有责任心的) workers and parents? They sit around McDonald’s after school instead of going to the library like I did at their age. Maybe they have too much money. Perhaps another reader can give us an idea about what to do with this “lost generation”.Franz Johnson20 OctoberDear Editor,I read Mr. John son’s letter about the problem of today’s youth (青少年) with much interest. He described teenagers on a train not giving seat to a pregnant woman and her daughter. I was the woman. We must have seen things differently. I found the teenagers helpful and kind. Did Mr. Johnson see the teenagers help me off the train? Did he see them carry my shopping bags to a taxi for me? Did he see them friendly to my daughter? Obviously (明显地) not.“Older ”people often say today’s youth isn’t as good asyoung people before he calls them the “lost generation ”.Linda Black 36. Mr. Johnson wrote the letter to ______.A. ask for help from the newspaperB. find the way to solve the problemC. show his worry towards the youngD. teach the young people a lesson37. When Mr. Johnsonwas young, he usually _______ afterschool.A. went to the libraryB. read newspapersC. went to the McDonald ’sD. helped people in trouble38. In the second letter, Mrs. Black _______.A. discussed the youth problem with the oldB. told another story about the young peopleC. wanted to show her thanks to the young peopleD. wanted the “older ” people to understand the young39. Which of the following is the correct order of whathappened?① Mrs. Black wrote to the newspaper. ②Mrs. Black took a taxi with her daughter. ③ Mrs. Black got on the train with her daughter. ④ Mr. Johnson asked the young people to give her seat. ⑤ Mr. Johnson thought the young people might followhim.A. ②③④⑤①B. ②④⑤③①C. ③④⑤②①D. ⑤③①④② 40. From the two letters we can learn that ______.A. Mrs. Black didn ’t like the old like JohnsonB. people have different ideas about the youngC. older people are more helpful than the youthD. people should talk more about the same story(B)1.2.3.4.5.6.Look at advertisement 1The Browns are looking for a new house. Mr. Brown wants to live in the center of town near his work. Mrs. Brown wants a house with four bedrooms. The Brown Children don ’t care what the house is like as long as (只要) the garden is big enough.41. Why didn ’t the Browns buy the house in the advertisement? A. It was on the right side of the town. B. There weren ’t enough bedrooms. C. There was no dining room. D. The garden was too big. Look at advertisement 2Ann has always wanted to work in a restaurant. She thinks they are exciting places. It ’s hard work but she isn ’t lazy. Youhave to work on Saturdays and Sundays, but you get other days off. It’s not very well paid, but who cares about money?42. Why does Ann want to get the job in the restaurant?A. It’s an easy job.B. The pay is good and the food is free.C. She thinks it would be fun.D. You get long holidays.Look at advertisement 3Tom: There is a new football team in the village, Mum. I’m old enough to play in it. We stop school at half past three, so I’d have plenty of time.Mum: Well, I suppose you could do your homework later. But look, Tom, you haven’t read the advertisement carefully. You can’t possibly play for this team.43. Why can’t Tom play for the new football team?A. He’s not old enough.B. It’s in a different village.C. School stops too late.D. He has to do his homework.Look at advertisement 4Man: I’m looking for a room to rent. It doesn’t matter how big it is. I don’t care what color the walls are or how old the furniture is. I’ve got study for my exams, so the house must be quiet.Girl: There are some advertisements for rooms in the paper. What about this one?Man: Yes…Yes…that’s all right. Oh, dear, no, I don’t think it would be.44. What’s wrong with the room in the advertisement 4?A. It’s too smallB. The walls are the wrong color.C. The man likes old furniture better.D. It’s too noisy.Look at advertisement 5 and 6Man: Why don’t we rent one of the Seaview Holiday Flats for our holiday, Mary? They sound just as good as the Seaview Hotel, and it would be much cheaper.Mary: There’s one big difference between the Holiday Flats and the Hotel. The hotel would be much less work.45. Why would Mary rather stay at the hotel?A. They wouldn’t have to cook.B. It’s not so expensive.C. It’s near the sea.D. She would enjoy the beautiful gardens.(C)Henry was a carpenter of our village. Once I asked him to make a dining table for my wife. He made it just the right size to fill the space between the two windows. When I arrived home that evening, Henry was drinking a cup of tea and writing out his bill for his work.My wife said to me, quickly, “That’s his ninth cup of tea today.”But she said loudly, “It’s a beautiful table, dear, isn’t it?”“I won’t decide about that until I see that bill.” I said.Henry laughed and gave me his bill for the work. It said:When I was looking at the bill, Henry said, “it’s been a fine day, hasn’t it? Quite sunny.”“Yes,” I said. “I’m glad it is only the 10th of June.”“Me, too.” Said Henry. “You wait—it’ll be a bit hotter by the end of the month.”“Yes. Hotter—and more expensive. Dining tables will be 20 more expensive on June 30th, won’t they, Henry?”Henry looked hard at me for half a minute. There was a little smile in his two blue eyes. I gave his bill back to him.“If it isn’t too much trouble, Henry,” I said, “Please add it up again. You can forget the date.”I paid him 26.50 and he was happy to get it.46. Why did Henry talk about weather when the writer waslooking at the bill?A. Because it was a fine day indeed.B. Because he wanted the writer to look at the bill carefully.C. Because he wanted to tell the writer what the weather waslike.D. Because he didn’t want the writer to go through the billcarefully.47. Why did the writer say that dining tables would be 20 moreexpensive by the end of June?A. Because he thought Henry would almost certainly add thedate to the cost of the dining table.B. Because it was difficult to make dining table in hotweather.C. Because paint would be more expensive.D. Because the cost of wood would be more expensive.48. The writer thought Henry would ask for _______ if hemade a dining table on the last day of June.A. 26.50B. 56.50C. 46.50D. 20.0049. When the writer gave him the money , Henry was happybecause _______.A. he got the money easilyB. he didn’t have to add up the cost againC. he got what he should get for his workD. he got much money for his work50. From the story we know that ________.A. Henry had written out the bill before the writer got homeB. Henry still wanted to get 36.50 for his work in the endC. Henry made a mistake in the billD. Henry tried to get more money for his work笔试部分(共30分)一、根据汉语提示,完成句子(10分)51. 你做作业时越仔细,出的错误就少。

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