石油钻井工程术语解释
钻井工程常用名词术语及英文释义模板

钻井工程常见名词术语钻井总论钻井drilling 钻井方法drilling method 顿钻钻井cable drilling 杆式顿钻rod tool drilling 直井straight hole 深井deep well 超深井super deep well 地热井geothermal well 热采井thermal production well 工程报废井abandoned well钻井设计well design 钻井质量drilling quality 岩石的物理机械性质physical-mechanical properties of rock 矿物的硬度hardness of rook 矿物的弹性模量elastic modulus of mineral 矿物的泊松比Poissons ratio mineral 矿物的切变模量shear modulus of mineral 岩石的抗拉伸强度tensile strength of rock 岩石的常规抗压缩强度compressive strength of rock 岩石的抗剪切强度shear strength of rock 岩石的三轴强度试验tri-axial test of rock 脆性岩石brittle rock 塑性岩石plastic rock 岩石的假塑性破坏pseudo-plastic breakage of rock 岩石塑性系数coefficient of plasticity of rock 地应力in situ stress岩层的水平测向应力horizontal stress of strata 围压confining pressure 有效应力effective stress 压持效应chip hold effect岩石的可钻性drill ability of rock 岩石的研磨性rock abrasiveness 钻具drilling tool 钻柱drill stem 复合钻柱combination string 满眼钻柱packed hole assembly 踏式钻铤组合tapered drill collar string钟摆钻具pendulum assembly 偏重钻铤unbalanced drill collar 钻柱弯曲buckling of drill string 钻具的扭转震动twisting vibration of drillstring钻杆疲劳破坏fatigue-failure of drill string 上紧矩make-up torque 应力减轻槽stress-relief groove 减震器vibration dampener稳定器stabilizer 井眼大扩器reamer 钻井液drilling fluids 水基钻井液water-base drilling fluids 淡水钻井液fresh-water drilling fluids 低固相钻井液low solids fluids 低固相不分散钻井液low solids non-dispersed polymer drilling fluids 抑制性钻井液inhibitive drilling fluids 盐水钻井液salt-water drilling fluids 饱和盐水钻井液saturated salt-water drilling fluids 钙处理钻井液calcium treated drilling fluids 钾盐钻井液potassium drilling fluids混油钻井液oil-emulsion drilling fluids 生物聚合物钻井液biodegrability drilling fluids 油基钻井液oil base drilling fluids 反相乳化钻井液invert-emulsion drilling fluids 泡沫钻井液foam drilling fluids密闭液sealing fluids完井液completion fluids解卡浸泡液stuck freeing spotting fluids 钻井液性能properties of drilling fluids 滤失filtration API 滤失量API filtration 高温高压滤失量high temperature and high pressure filtration 动滤失量dynamic filtration 滤饼filter cake 含砂量sand content 钻井液固相含量solids content in drilling fluids 石灰含量lime content estimation 钻井液的酚酞碱度P m alkalinity 滤液酚酞碱度P t alkalinity滤液甲基橙碱度M f alkalinity 造浆率yield破乳电压emulsion-breaking voltage 钻井液流变性drilling fluids rheology 漏斗粘度funnel viscosity 触变性thixotropic behavior 静切力gel strength 初切力initial gel strength 终切力10-minuto gel strength剪切降粘特性shear-thinning behavior 钻井液受污染contamination of drilling fluids 粘土侵clay contamination 盐侵salt contamination盐水侵 salt water contamination 钙侵 calcium contamination 砂侵 sand contamination 水侵 water contamination 气侵 gas contamination 钻井液处理剂 mud additives 降失水剂 filtrate or reduction agents 增粘剂 thickening agent 膨润土增效剂 agents of increasing bentonite 降粘剂 thinning agents 加重剂 weighting agents 堵漏剂 lost circulation materials 水敏性页岩 water-sensitive shale 膨润土的预水化 pre-hydrated bentonite 固相控制 solid control 钻屑 cutting 砂 sand 泥 silt 胶体颗粒 colloidal solids 钻进 drilling 钻进技术 drilling technology 钻进技术参数 drilling parameters 钻压 weight on bit悬重和钻重 string suspending weight and drilling weight转速 rpm-revolution per minute 零轴向点 zero axial stress point 开钻 spud in完钻 finishing drilling 方余和方入 kelly-up and kelly-in 进尺 footage机械钻速 penetration rate 鳖钻 bit bouncing 跳钻 bit jumping 干钻 drilling at circulation break 打倒车 reverse rotation table钻头泥包 bit balling 划眼 redressing 扩眼 reaming放空 drilling break 吊打 easing the bit in 纠斜 hole straightening 立根 stand 接单根 king a connection 起下钻 trips排量 rate of flow 中性点 neutral point 送钻 bit feed侧钻 sidetracking单根 single 双根 double短起下钻short tripping 活动钻具move the drill string上卸扣make up and break out 换钻头change bit鼠洞rat hole 小鼠洞mouse hole 喷射钻井jet-bit drilling清洗井底bottom-hole cleaning钻头压降bit pressure-drop 钻头水功率bit hydraulic horse-power 喷嘴nozzle流线形喷嘴streamline nozzle 喷嘴流量系数nozzle orifice coefficient 钻井液循环系统drilling fluids circulating system钻井液流态flow pattern 平板层流flat plate laminar flow 喷射钻井的工作方式The working regime of jet drilling 最大钻头水功率工作方式The regime of the maximum bit hydra-ulic horse-power最大射流冲击力方式the regime of the maximum jet-impact force 最大射流喷速工作方式The regime of the maximum jet velocity 经济水功率工作方式the regime of the economic hydraulic horse-powerjet bit 喷射式钻头optimum rate of mud flow 最优喷嘴直径optimum nozzle diameter临界井深和极限井深critical well depth and limited well depth 钻井泵的工作状态the working regime of drilling pump 钻井泵的最大排工作状态(额定工作功率工作状态) the maximum flow rate regime of the drilling pump (the rated power regime of the drilling pump) 钻井泵的调节排量工作状态( 允许压力工作状态) the regulated flow rate regime of the drilling pump(the rated power regime of the drilling pump)携带岩屑cutting carrying 岩屑运移比cutting transport ratio 环空岩屑浓度solid concentration in annular space 钻井泵效率rate of utilized power of the drilling pump 优化钻井技术optimum drilling technology 钻井可控参数controllable drilling variables 钻井不可控参数non controllable drilling variables 钻速方程equation for drilling rate 最大允许钻压maximum allowable weight on bit 最优钻压optimum weight on bit 钻速系数factor of penetration rate 地层研磨性系数factor of formation abrasiveness 牙齿磨损系数tooth wear coefficient 轴承工作系数working coefficient of bearing 五点法钻速试验”five spot ”drill-off test 井下动力钻井hole bottom power drilling 涡轮钻井turbo-drilling 涡轮钻具turbo-drill 电动钻具electric drill 螺杆钻具positive displacement motor(PDM) 有效钻压effective bit-weight钻具滤清器drill pipe filter 油壬union定向井directional well 定向要素directional elements 井斜角inclination 方位角azimuth 伽马gamma ray(GR) 电阻率resistivity井斜变化率inclination change rate方位变化率azimuth change rate 井眼曲率hole curvature 垂深和测深vertical depth and measured(TVD and MD) 水平投影长度hole deviation水平位移displacement or closure distance 多底井multi-bore well 分支井multiple-lateral well 大位移井ERD(extended reach drilling) 水平段长度horizontal section length(H-section length) 水平井horizontal well 丛式井cluster well 救援井relief well 套管开窗starting window on casing 磨铣开窗casing sidetracking 段铣开窗casing milled sidetracking 造斜kick off 增斜build-up (hole angle) 降斜build-off/drop-off(hole angle)稳斜hold/maintain angle井身垂直投影图vertical projection of borehole 井身水平投影图horizontal projection of borehole 正切法tangential method 平衡正切法balanced tangential method 平均角法average angle method曲率半径法radius of curvature最小曲率法minimum curvature method 圆弧法arcmethod。
钻井工程常用术语.

钻井工程常用名词术语钻井总论钻井drilling 钻井方法drilling method 顿钻钻井cable drilling杆式顿钻rod tool drilling 绳式顿钻cable tool drilling轻便钻井portable drilling 直井straight hole 深井deep well超深井super deep well 地热井geothermal well热采井thermal production well 工程井engineering rejection well工程报废井abandoned well 弃井abandoned well钻井设计well design 钻井质量drilling quality岩石的物理机械性质physical-mechanical properties of rock矿物的微硬度micro-hardness of rook肖氏岩石硬度Shores hardness 史氏岩石硬度Shi's hardness矿物的弹性模量elastic modulus of mineral岩石的弹性模量elastic modulus of rock矿物的泊松比Poissons ratio mineral岩石的泊松比Poissons ratio rock矿物的切变模量shear modulus of mineral岩石的切变模量shear modulus of rock矿物和岩石的体积压缩模量bulk compressibility mineral and rock岩石的体积压缩系数coefficient of bulk compressibility mineral and rock岩石的抗拉伸强度tensile strength of rock岩石的直接拉伸试验direct tensile test of rock岩石的巴西劈裂拉伸实验Brazilian test of rock·岩石的筒形抗内压胀裂试验burst test of hollow cyling by internal pressure岩石的常规抗压缩强度compressive strength of rock岩石的抗剪切强度shear strength of rock岩石的抗剪切强度试验shear test of rock岩石的三轴强度试验tri-axial test of rock岩石的常规三轴试验ordinary tri-axial test of rock岩石的真三轴试验true tri-axial test of rock脆性岩石brittle rock 塑性岩石plastic rock岩石的假塑性破坏pseudo-plastic breakage of rock岩石塑性系数coefficient of plasticity of rock岩石的脆塑性转变压力(临界压力)brittle plastic transitional pressure of rock岩石的库仑纳维尔强度准则Conlomb-Navier strength criterion of rock岩石的内磨擦角和内磨擦系数angle of interal friction and coefficient of interal friction of rock 岩石的莫尔强度准则Mohr strength criterion of rock岩石的格里菲斯脆性破坏准则Griffith criterion of brittle failure of rock统计强度理论statistical strength theory岩石的表面破碎surface fracture of rock岩石的疲劳破碎fatigue fracture of rock岩石的体积破碎volumetric fracture of rock岩石的单位体积破碎pecific volumetric fracture work of rock地应力in situ stress岩层的水平测向应力horizontal stress of strata测向系数coefficient of lateral pressure围压confining pressure 有效应力effective stress压持效应chip hold effect 岩石硬度减低剂rock hardness reducer岩石的可钻性drill ability of rock 岩石的研磨性rock abrasiveness钻具drilling tool 钻柱drill stem 复合钻柱combination string满眼钻柱packed hole assembly 踏式钻铤组合tapered drill collar string 钟摆钻具pendulum assembly 偏重钻铤unbalanced drill collar钻柱弯曲buckling of drill string钻具的扭转震动twisting vibration of drill string钻杆疲劳破坏fatigue-failure of drill string 上紧矩make-up torque应力减轻槽stress-relief groove 减震器vibration dampener稳定器stabilizer 井眼大扩器reamer 钻井液drilling fluids水基钻井液water-base drilling fluids淡水钻井液fresh-water drilling fluids低固相钻井液low solids fluids低固相不分散钻井液low solids non-dispersed polymer drilling fluids抑制性钻井液inhibitive drilling fluids盐水钻井液salt-water drilling fluids饱和盐水钻井液saturated salt-water drilling fluids钙处理钻井液calcium treated drilling fluids钾盐钻井液potassium drilling fluids混油钻井液oil-emulsion drilling fluids生物聚合物钻井液biodegrability drilling fluids油基钻井液oil base drilling fluids反相乳化钻井液invert-emulsion drilling fluids平衡活度钻井液balanced activity drilling fluids泡沫钻井液foam drilling fluids 密闭液sealing fluids完井液completion fluids 封隔夜packer fluids解卡浸泡液stuck freeing spotting fluids钻井液性能properties of drilling fluids滤失filtration API滤失量API filtration高温高压滤失量high temperature and high pressure filtration动滤失量dynamic filtration 滤饼filter cake 含砂量sand content钻井液固相含量solids content in drilling fluids亚甲基兰实验methylene blue test石灰含量lime content estimation钻井液的酚酞碱度P m alkalinity 滤液酚酞碱度P t alkalinity滤液甲基橙碱度M f alkalinity 造浆率yield破乳电压emulsion-breaking voltage钻井液流变性drilling fluids rheology 漏斗粘度funnel viscosity触变性thixotropic behavior 静切力gel strength初切力initial gel strength 终切力10-minuto gel strength 剪切降粘特性shear-thinning behavior钻井液受污染contamination of drilling fluids粘土侵clay contamination 盐侵salt contamination盐水侵salt water contamination 钙侵calcium contamination砂侵sand contamination 水侵water contamination气侵gas contamination 钻井液处理剂mud additives降失水剂filtrate or reduction agents 增粘剂thickening agent膨润土增效剂agents of increasing bentonite降粘剂thinning agents 加重剂weighting agents堵漏剂lost circulation materials 水敏性页岩water-sensitive shale膨润土的预水化pre-hydrated bentonite 固相控制solid control钻屑cutting 砂sand 泥silt 胶体颗粒colloidal solids钻进drilling 钻进技术drilling technology钻进技术参数drilling parameters 钻压weight on bit悬重和钻重string suspending weight and drilling weight转速rpm-revolution per minute 排量rate of flow零轴向点zero axial stress point 中性点neutral point开钻spud in 完钻finishing drilling 送钻bit feed方余和方入kelly-up and kelly-in 进尺footage机械钻速penetration rate 鳖钻bit bouncing 跳钻bit jumping干钻drilling at circulation break 打倒车reverse rotation table钻头泥包bit balling 划眼redressing 扩眼reamin1放空drilling break 吊打easing the bit in 纠斜hole straightening侧钻sidetracking 单根single 双根double立根stand 接单根king a connection 起下钻trips知起下钻short tripping 活动钻具move the drill string上卸扣make up and break out 换钻头change bit鼠洞rat hole 小鼠洞mouse hole 喷射钻井jet-bit drilling射流jet flow 冲击射流impact jet flow 汽蚀射流·cavitation jet射流扩散角和扩散系数spread angle and spread coefficient of jet射流等速·patential core of jet 漫流cross flow 射流喷速jet velocity射流速度降低系数decreasing coefficient of jet velocity射流动压力dynamic pressure of jet flow射流压力降低系数coefficient of jet-flow pressure drop射流冲击力jet impact force 射流水功率jet hydraulic-power喷射距离jet length 清洗井底bottom-hole cleaning钻头压降bit pressure-drop 钻头水功率bit hydraulic horse-power喷嘴nozzle 等变速喷嘴nozzle with iso-variable velocity流线形喷嘴streamline nozzle 喷嘴流量系数nozzle orifico coefficient钻井液循环系统drilling fluids circulating system钻井液流态flow pattern 平板层流flat plate laminar flowZ值Z-value 喷射钻井的工作方式The working regime of jet drilling最大钻头水功率工作方式The regime of the maximum bit hydra-ulic horse-power 最大射流冲击力方式the regime of the maximum jet-impact force最大射流喷速工作方式The regime of the maximum jet velocity经济水功率工作方式the regime of the economic hydraulic horse-powerjet bit 喷射式钻头optimum rate of mud flow最优喷嘴直径optimum nozzlo diameter临界井深和极限井深critical well depth and limited well depth钻井泵的工作状态the working regime of drilling pump钻井泵的最大排工作状态(额定工作功率工作状态)the maximum flow rate regime of the drilling pump (the rated power regime of the drilling pump)钻井泵的调节排量工作状态(允许压力工作状态)the regulated flow rate regime of the drilling pump(the rated power regime of the drilling pump)携带岩屑cutting carrying 岩屑运移比cutting transport ratio环空岩屑浓度solid concentration in annular space钻井泵效率rate of utilized power of the drilling pump钻井泵水功济利用率rate of utilized hydraulic power of the drilling pump优化钻井技术optimum drilling technology 控制井control well钻井可控参数controllable drilling variables钻井不可控参数non controllable drilling variables钻井目标函数(钻井泛函)objective function of drilling procedure钻进过程的数学模型mathematical model for drilling procedure钻速方程equation for drilling rate二元钻速方程drilling rate equation in two variables多元钻速方程multi-variable drilling rate equation最大允许钻压maximum allowable weight on bit最优钻压optimum weight on bit 钻速系数factor of penetration rate地层研磨性系数factor of formation abrasiveness牙齿磨损系数tooth wear coefficient轴承工作系数working coefficient of bearing五点法钻速试验“five spot” drill-off test井下动力钻井hole bottom power drilling涡轮钻井turbo-drilling 涡轮钻具turbo-drill 电动钻具electric drill螺杆钻具positive displacement motor涡轮工作特性characteristics of turbine涡轮的水力载荷hydraulic load on turbo-drill涡轮钻具井底工作特性hole-bottom working characteristics of turbo-drill涡轮钻具最优工作区optimized working zone of turbo-drill涡轮钻具合理转速optimum revolution of turbo-drill涡轮钻具最优排量optimum capacity of turbo-drill涡轮不稳定工作区unstable working range turbo-drill有效钻压effective bit-weight涡轮钻具井底功率传递系数transfer coefficient of bottom hole power of turbo-drill涡轮钻具特性系数characteristic coefficient of turbo-drill涡轮的水力效率hydraulic efficiency of turbo-drill涡轮钻具合理钻进深度optimum drill depth of turbo-drill涡轮-泵组联合特性combined characteristics of turbo-drill-pump涡轮钻具轴向间隙的调节axial clearance regulation of turbo-drill钻具滤清器drill pipe filter 启动阀starter gate valve低速大扭矩涡轮钻具love-speed high-torque turbo-drill复式涡轮钻具compound turbo-drill定向井directional well 定向要素directional elements井斜角inclination方位角azimuth 井斜变化率rate of inclination change方位变化率rate of azimuth change 井眼曲率hole curvature垂深和测深vertical depth and measured 水平投影长度hole deviation水平位移displacement or closure distance 多底井multi-bore well水平井horizontal well 丛式井cluster well or multiple wells 救除井relief well 双筒井dual wells套管开窗starting window on casing 造斜deflecting or building angle增斜increasing hole angle or build-up hole angle降斜decreasing hole angle or build-off hole angle稳斜maintain angle井身垂直投影图vertical projection of borehole井身水平投影图horizontal projection of borehole正切法tangential method 平衡正切法balanced tangential method平均角法average angle method曲率半径法radius of curvature method圆弧法arc method 最小曲率法minimum curvature method圆柱螺线法cylinder helix method 悬链线轨迹·catenary shape profile 控制圆柱control cylinder 造斜工具deflecting tool槽式变向器whip-stock 短涡轮short turbo-drill钻铤造斜短节short bent collar 涡轮偏心短节turbo-eccentric sub复式弯涡轮bentmulti-turbo-drill水力斜接头hydraulic bent sub Dyna-flex 瓦片变向器rebel tool 造斜工具面tool face造斜率rate of over-all angle change井眼方位漂移walk of hole 装置角tool of rotation工具面角tool face azimuth 动力钻具反扭角reactive torque定向方位角tool face bearing or tool face setting磁偏角magnetic declination 随钻测量measurement while drill(MWD)单点测斜仪single shot instrument多点测斜仪multi-shot instrument 陀螺测斜仪gyroscopic instrument 定向orientation定向下钻orientation while going in hole磁力定向法magnetic orientation method斜口管鞋定向法mule-shoe orientation method取心coring 岩心core 岩心收获率recovery of core取心方法coring method局部反循环取心coring with local inverse circulation长筒取心core drilling with long core barrel密闭取心sealing core drilling保压取心core drilling with keeping formation pressure定向取心orientation coring 绳索取心wire line coring取心工具coring tools 岩心筒core barrel单筒式岩心筒single type core barrel双筒式岩心筒core barrel of double tube swivel type内岩心筒inside core barrel 外岩心筒outside core barrel喷射式岩心筒core barrel of jet type 取心钻头coring bit牙轮取心钻头coring cone bit 金钢石取心钻头diamond coring bit硬质合金取心钻头hard metal coring bit 涡轮取心钻头turbo-core bit涡轮取心钻具turbo-core drill 岩心爪core gripper卡瓦式岩心爪core gripper with slip卡簧式岩心爪core gripper with slip-spring板簧式岩心爪卡core gripper with slip-spider箍式岩心爪core gripper with slip-collar割取岩心core breaking机械加压割心法core breaking by mechanical loading投球割心core breaking by hydraulic pressure投砂割心core breaking by pumping down顶岩心core extracting各种压力概念concept of pressure 静液压力hydrostatic pressure钻井液压力drilling fluid column pressure孔隙压力pore pressure (formation pressure)上覆岩层压力overburden pressure 颗粒压力grain to grain pressure压力梯度pressure gradient 压力监控pressure detection and control异常压力及其形成abnormal pressure and it’s formation压力异常abnormal pressure 压实作用compaction欠压实imcompaction 不渗透围栅·permeabillity barrier快速沉积rapid deposition构造型异常高压structural abnormal pressure地层压力检测方法method of formation pressure detection地震资料法seismic data method机械钻速法penetration rate methodd指数法d-exponent method dc指数法dc-exponent method标准化钻速法normalized penetration rate页岩密度法shale density溢流观测法take a kick 天然气录井检测法gas logging氯化物检测法chloride log 钻井液录井法drilling fluid log返出钻井液温度检测法flow-line temperature化石资料法paleo-information 地球物理检测法wire-line logs中途测试drill-stem testing 完井测试well completing test综合录井仪computerlized apply drilling technology地层破裂压力formation fracture pressure地层破裂压力预报方法formation fracture pressure prediction漏失试验法leak-off test胡伯特-威利斯法Hubbert and Willis approach马修斯-凯利法method of Matthews and Kelly伊顿法method of Eaton 安德森法Anderson’s method艾克斯劳格法Exlog method 黄荣樽法Huang’s method地层井眼系统的压力平衡balance of formation-borehole system地层压力当量钻井液密度equivalent drilling fluid density钻井液当量循环密度equivalent circulating density附加压力当量钻井液密度additional pressure equivalent density当量深度equivalent depth 钻柱排代量drilling fluid displacement波动压力(激动压力)surge pressure 抽汲压力swabbing pressure气体上窜gas channeling天然气偏差因子the coefficient of gas compressibility溢流overflow 井涌kick 井喷well blowout地下井喷underground blowout 井喷失控out of control for blowout循环池液体增量pit gain 压力过渡带pressure transition zone压井killing well 关井closing well 硬关井hard closing 软关井soft closing 压井方法killing well method工程师法(等待加重量法)engineer’s method司钻法(二次循环法)driller’s method边加重边循环法concurrent method 空井压井empty well control置换式压井法(顶部压井法)displacement method反循环inverse circulating 循环周circulating circle节流循环circulating with choke防喷设备和工具blowout prevention tools and equipments防溢管·bellnipple 钻井液流量计drilling fluid flowing indicator泵冲数计pump-stroke counter钻井液液面指示器pit-volume indicator真空除气器·vacum degasser 硫化氢监测仪H2s detector井控模拟装置well control simulator井喷失控的处理well blowout control 抢装井口installing wellhead扣装法抢装井口buckling-up-installing wellhead翻转法抢装井口turning-up-installing wellhead整体吊装法抢装井口whole hanging method for installing wellhead带帽子压井法·hatting kill well method下封隔器压井killing well with packer method换井口套管casing replacing 灭火extinguishing喷射水流灭火法jet fire extinguishing method爆炸灭火法explosion method 灭火剂extinguisher固井well cementing 套管程序casing program 导管conductor表层套管surface casing 技术套管intermediate casing strings生产套管production casing 套管柱casing string套管柱下部结构casing accessories 引鞋guiding shoe套管鞋casing shoe 套管扶正器·centralizer 泥饼刷·wall scratcher浮籀float collar 套管承托环cement baffle collar 旋流短节vortex sub浮鞋cementing float collar 水泥伞cementing basket注水泥胶塞cementing plugs 通径规drift diameter gauge套管的外载荷outside casing load 套管内压力burst套管外挤压力collapse pressure 套管轴向力axial load套管强度casing strength 套管抗挤强度collapse resistance套管抗拉强度tensile resistance 套管抗内压强度burst resistance下套管running casing 活动套管moving casing预应力preceding stress 人工井底artificial bottom of a well磁性定位短节magnetic locator sub固井工具与设备tools and equipments for running casing and cementing套管吊钳casing tong套管吊卡casing elevator卡盘casing spider 联顶节top connecting collar水泥头connect head 水泥车connecting truck井口装置wellhead equipment 注水泥?connect油井水泥oil well connecting 低密度水泥light weight connect膨润土水泥·bentonite connect 速凝水泥accelerated cement膨胀水泥expansion cement 纤维质水泥fiber cement树脂水泥(浆)resin cement 油基水泥(浆)diesel-oil cement橡胶水泥(浆)latex cement 酸溶性水泥acid dissoluble cement石膏水泥混合物·gypsam cement 火山灰水泥·pozzolan cement抗盐水泥salt-resisting cement双凝水泥浆separable setting cement slurry冷井水泥和热井水泥ordinary and hot cementAPI水泥分级API cement classification水泥浆性能及其调节cement properties and adjustments of them稠度仪consist-meter 水泥浆流动性mobility of slurry水泥浆密度slurry density 水泥浆滤失量slurry filtration出口温度井底温度和循环温度flow-line temperature bottom temperature and circulation temperature水泥浆失重losing weight slurry 水泥石强度cement strength水泥石渗透性permeability of set cement水泥石的射孔性perforating quality 水泥浆外加剂cement additive速凝剂accelerator 缓凝剂retardant 减阻剂friction reducer降密度剂light weight additive 降失水量filtrate reducer水泥浆加重剂heavy weight additive 隔离液spacer fluid前置液ahead fluid 尾随液tail fluid 注水泥方法cementing methods常规注水泥法typical primary cementing双级注水泥法two stage cementing插入注水泥法inner pipe cementing多管注水泥法·multi-plezone completion cementing打水泥塞cementing plug平衡法打水泥塞balance method for cementing plug倾筒法打水泥塞dump bailer method 挤水泥squeeze method井口挤水泥法·braden head squeeze method封隔器挤水泥法squeeze packer method高压挤水泥法high-pressure squeeze method低压挤水泥法low-pressure squeeze method尾管固井drilling liner cementing 尾管悬挂器drilling liner hanger窜槽cement channeling 完井方法completion methods裸眼完井法open hole completion先期裸眼完井法initial open hole completion后期裸眼完井法final open hole completion射孔完井法perforation completion单管射孔完井法single pipe perforation completion多管射孔完井法multiple pipe perforation completion无油管完井法·tubingless completion永久完井法permanent completion无封隔器单层永久完井法single pipe permanent completion without packer单封隔器永久完井法permanent completion with single packer封隔器射孔完井法permanent completion with packer负压射孔perforating with negative pressure过油管射孔perforating through tubing贯眼完成法perforated pipe completion衬管完井法liner perforation completion砾石充填完井法gravel packer completion深井完井法deep hole completion高含硫气井完井法high H2s gas well completion地层损害程度formation damage degree地层损害带formation damage zone水动力学程度不完善井hydrodynamic degree incompleteness well水动力学性质不完善井油井hydrodynamic property incompletion well完善系数well completeness factor 损害比damage ratio趋肤效应shin effect 开采比production ratio损害系数damage factor 完井系数completion factor钻井设备drilling equipment 设备安装rig up钻前工作preliminary work for spudding 井场布置layout平井场levelling 圆井cellar 基础ground foundation base活动基墩removable foundation 井架安装derrick installation扒杆gin pole 井架安装绞车winch 穿钢丝绳string up死绳固定器dead line anchor 设备校正alignment井口找中center for well 整体搬迁skidding the rig成组安装package installation 泥浆管汇mud pipeline猫头绳cat-line 高悬猫头绳drill rope大钳尾绳safety line 大门绷绳front guy(lines)井架绷绳derrick guy 接链器chain spanner钻井数据系统drilling data system钻井数据采集装置drilling data acquisition钻井数据实时处理装置drilling data processing钻井数据库drilling data base 钻井信息drilling information钻井参数传感装置drilling parameter sensing unit指重表传感器weight sensor 进尺传感器drilling footage sensor转盘扭矩传感器rotary table torque sensor转盘转速传感器R.P.M sensor for rotary table大钳扭矩传感器torque sensor for tong 泵速传感器pump rate sensor钻井液密度传感器drilling fluid weight sensor钻井液液面传感器mud pit level sensor钻井液流动传感器drilling fluid flow sensor钻井液温度传感器drilling fluid temperature sensor钻井液电导传感器drilling fluid conductivity sensor 录井logging钻井液录井drilling fluid logging岩样录井·lithologic logging 气测录井gas-logging钻速录井penetration rata logging 综合录井compound logging巡回检测cyclic detection 泵压表pressure gage钻具事故drilling pipe and tools accident 顿钻drill string free fall溜钻drill string not well braked 断钻具drilling pipe breaking落鱼fish 落物junks 打捞作业fishing 打捞筒overshot打捞杯fishing cup 反循环打捞篮junk basket with reverse circulation壁钩wall hook 铅印模lead stamp 一把抓catchall 铣鞋mill shoe钻杆外割刀external cutter 活动肘节knuckle 倒扣捞矛left hand fishing spear 弯钻杆bend drill pipe尖钻头tip bit 卡钻drill pipe sticking 砂桥卡钻sand bridging键槽卡钻key seating 压差卡钻differential sticking地层膨胀卡钻formation swelling sticking地层坍塌卡钻formation collapse sticking钻头泥包卡钻balling-up sticking 卡点sticking point解卡工具releasing tools 震击器bumper 下击器bumper jar上击器top jar 地面下击器surface bumper jar 千斤顶jack爆炸松扣break-outing pack of dynamite测卡仪sticking-point-instrument 解卡方法releasing method震击解卡法releasing stuck tamping油浴解卡法releasing stuck by pump oil into the annuls酸浴解卡法releasing stuck by acidding割铣解卡法releasing stuck by cutting套铣解卡法milling and breakout爆炸解卡法explosion releasing method 跳槽·netch jumping粘扣thread gluing 滑扣thread slipping 脱扣thread off错扣thread alternating 对扣make-up 造扣thread making顶天车crashing into the crown 磨蚀钻井abrasive cutting drill弹丸钻井bullet-shot drill 电火花钻井electric spark drill超声波钻井supersonic wave drill 火焰钻井flame-jet drill电加热钻井electric heating drill 原子能钻井atomic energy drill电弧钻井electric arc drill 等离子钻井plasma jet drill电子束钻井electron-beam drill 激光钻井laser drill化学腐蚀钻井chemical erosion drill钻井技术经济指标tech-economic indication of drilling开钻井口数spudding well number 完钻井口数drilled well number完成井口数completed well number 钻井进尺drilling footage取心进尺coring footage井身质量合格率well bore quality qualified ratio油层固井合格率oil reservoir well quality qualified ratio钻井工程报废drilling engineering abandonment报废井段abandoned range报废进尺abandoned footage钻机利用率rate rig utilization钻机台月rigs per unity month建井周期台月construction cycle per unity month纯钻井时间reciprocating time钻机月速度monthly drilling rate周期钻速periodic drilling rate纯钻速rate of penetration行程钻速drilling rate of a trip建井周期construction cycle完成井平均建井周期average construction of completed well完成井平均井深average well depth of completed well完成井平均进尺average bit drilling footage of completed well钻井时效分析drilling prescription analysis进尺工作时间footage working time固井工作时间cementing working time辅助工作时间service working time事故损失时间accident losing time修理时间repairing time组织停工损失时间management down time loss处理复杂情况时间problem handling time生产时间率production per cent age纯钻进时间率reciprocating time ratio每钻机台月耗柴油量diesel consumption per rig-month每钻机台月耗机油量oil consumption per rig-month钻井工程成本cost of drilling engineering石油工程作业英语These are various parameters displayed in the comprehensive mudlogging unit(CMLU).这是综合录井仪显示的各种参数How many parameters can be displayer in the CMLU?综合录井仪能显示多少参数?These are the parameters printed in real time by printer.这是打印机实时打印的参数Are the parameters printed in real time?参数是实时打印的吗?Many parameters in drilling engineering are monitored by comprehensive mud logging unit. 钻井工程的很多种参数由综合录井仪监控Start CMLU, please!开始启动录井仪吧Some latest technologies have been applied in this comprehensive mud logging unit.这台录井仪使用了最先进的技术The total hydrocarbon ,especially the components C1~C5can be analyzed by the chromatograph in the CMLU.综合录井仪色谱能够分析全烃,组分C1~C5Are the total hydrocarbon and its components analyzed by chromatograph?全烃和组分是由色谱仪分析的吗?CO2 H2 can be analyzed by non-hydrocarbon detector.非烃检测仪能够分析CO2和H2There are some troubles in the sensor.传感器有故障了Water should be filled in the hydrogen generator on time.氢气发生器按时加水Please replace a new one if the sensor can not bi repaired.如果无法修就换上一个新的传感器The old sensor is not reliable, please replace a new one.旧的不可靠,换个新的吧The values of total gas and the components are not high.现在全烃和组分值都不高The total hydrocarbon and its components are increasing.全烃和组分值正在上升How about thee total hydrocarbon and its components? May I have one copy of your record?全烃和组分值怎样?给我一份记录This is not an abnormal of gas logging display.这不是气测显示异常You should pay close attention to the gad showing.密切注意气测显示This peak is caused by connection gas.这是一个单根峰This peak is caused by swabbing.这个峰值是由抽吸造成的We are testing the trip gas.现在正在测后效Please record the time when trip gas occurs.请记录后效出现时间Please calculate the height and speed of the trip gas rising.请计算后效上窜高度和上窜速度Test the trip gas after two cycles of circulation with a trip to bottom.下钻到底循环两周测后效Is it circulation now?正在循环泥浆吗?Please circulate for two cycles.请循环两周This is an interval with an abnormal showing.这是个异常显示段5 bottles of the mud sample should be taken.泥浆采样必须取五瓶Please put the label on the sample bottle.在样品瓶上贴上标签This is the design requirement.这是设计书要求的Can you show me the design?你能给我看一下设计书吗?The technician keeps the design.设计书在技术员那里。
石油钻井词汇

石油钻井词汇第一篇:石油钻井词汇石油钻井词汇钻头钻机八大件钻柱组成及其作用钻井液的性能及作用常用的钻井液净化设备钻井液的循环程序钻井液对油气层的损害预测和监测地层压力的方法钻井液静液压力及变化喷射钻井影响机械钻速的因素钻井取心工具组成取岩心平衡压力钻井井喷软关井钻井过程中溢流显示溢流关井程序钻井中井下杂情况钻井事故井漏卡钻及造成原因处理卡钻事故的方法固井井身结构套管柱下部结构注水泥施工工序完井井口装置尾管固井法试油射孔井底污染诱喷钻杆地层测试电缆地层测试油管传输射孔岩石孔隙度地层原油体积系数流体饱和度油钻头钻头主要分为:刮刀钻头;牙轮钻头;金刚石钻头;硬质合金钻头;特种钻头等。
衡量钻头的主要指标是:钻头进尺和机械钻速。
钻机八大件钻机八大件是指:井架、天车、游动滑车、大钩、水龙头、绞车、转盘、泥浆泵。
钻柱组成及其作用钻柱通常的组成部分有:钻头、钻铤、钻杆、稳定器、专用接头及方钻杆。
钻柱的基本作用是:(1)起下钻头;(2)施加钻压;(3)传递动力;(4)输送钻井液;(5)进行特殊作业:挤水泥、处理井下事故等。
钻井液的性能及作用钻井液的性能主要有:(1)密度;(2)粘度;(3)屈服值;(4)静切力;(5)失水量;(6)泥饼厚度;(7)含砂量;(8)酸碱度;(9)固相、油水含量。
钻井液是钻井的血液,其主作用是:1)携带、悬浮岩屑;2)冷却、润滑钻头和钻具;3)清洗、冲刷井底,利于钻井;4)利用钻井液液柱压力,防止井喷;5)保护井壁,防止井壁垮塌;6)为井下动力钻具传递动力。
常用的钻井液净化设备常用的钻井液净化设备:(1)振动筛,作用是清除大于筛孔尺寸的砂粒;(2)旋流分离器,作用是清除小于振动筛筛孔尺寸的颗粒;(3)螺杆式离心分离机,作用是回收重晶石,分离粘土颗粒;(4)筛筒式离心分离机,作用是回收重晶石。
钻井中钻井液的循环程序钻井液罐经泵→地面管汇→立管→水龙带、水龙头→钻柱内→钻头→钻柱外环形空间→井口、泥浆(钻井液)槽→钻井液净化设备→钻井液罐。
石油钻井工程英语词汇

石油钻井工程英语词汇第一章:石油钻井工程英语基础词汇第1 节石油钻井工程基础词汇钻井:drill定向斜井:directional drilling欠平衡钻井:under-balance drilling海上钻井:off-shore drilling陆地钻井:on-shore drilling钻头:drill bit刮刀钻头:drag bit牙轮钻头:rock bit (镶齿钻头insert bit, 钢齿钻头steel toothed bit) 金刚石钻头:diamond bit取心钻头:coring bit钻头浮阀:float valve钻头水眼:bit nozzle(or jet)钻头水眼刺:bit nozzle washed out钻头规:bit caliper(bit gauge)钻头泥包:bit is balling钻头钝了,我建议现在起钻:bit is dull. I suggest to POOH now钻铤:DC(drill collar )光钻铤slick drill collar,螺旋钻铤spiral drill collar钻杆:DP(drill pipe )方钻杆:kelly公扣:pin end母扣:box end内平式连接:IF(internal flash)正规式连接:REG(regular)贯眼式连接:FH(full hole)加重钻杆heavy weight drill pipe短钻杆pop joint井下马达:down hole motor涡轮钻具:turbine震击器:drilling jar减震器:absorber下部钻具组合:BHA(bottom hole assembly)钻具扶正器:stabilizer(string stabilizer, near-bit stabilizer)钻机:drill rig钻井泥浆:drilling mud钻井液:drilling fluid钻井设备:drilling equipment油:oil原油:crude oil天然气:nature gas煤层气:coal-bed gas石油:petroleum中国石油(简称):CNPC(China National Petroleum Corporation )长城钻井(简称):GWDC(Great Wall Drilling Company)采油:oil production产油层(目的层):reservoir( or pay zone)钻进:drilling调整钻井参数以得到理想的机械钻速:play the drilling parameters to get fast ROP起钻:POOH(pull out of hole)下钻:RIH(run in hole)下套管:run casing(or RIH with casing)短起下钻:wiper trip循环泥浆:circulate泥浆:reverse circulate中途循环泥浆:break circulation分段下钻:RIH in stages通井:control trip划眼:reaming倒划眼:back reaming接单根:make connection滑、割大绳:slip and cut drilling line by ton-mile保养设备:maintain the equipment修理设备: repair (or fix) the equipment保养顶驱:service TDS保养冲管:lubricate wash pipe待工日费:standby rate今天零日费:there is no day rate today(zero day rate today)我可以为您做,但必须收费,请理解I can do for you and I have to charge(back charge) you. Please give me full understanding.不在我的职责范围之内,我要汇报领导,一有消息会马上告诉你It is out of my power and I have to report to my boss. I will let you know as soon as I get news.大鼠洞:rat hole小鼠洞:mouse hole钻具错扣:the connections are crossed钻具粘扣:thread is galled丝扣坏了:the thread is damaged起钻错扣:alternate the connections新钻具或接头磨扣:break in the new tool joint新钻头磨合:break in the new bitPDC 钻头井底造型:shape the PDC bit跳钻:rough drilling( vibrated drilling, bit is bouncing)蹩钻:rough drilling(drilling torque is abnormally high)缩径:tight hole起钻遇卡:get overpull下钻遇阻:set weight部分漏失:partially lost circulation全部漏失:totally lost circulation盲钻:blind drilling堵水眼:bit jets are blocked掉水眼:bit jets are lost憋压:the pressure is built up卸压:release pressure试压:pressure test功能测试:function test双方独自检查:double check地质:geology地质专业人员:geologist物理:physics地球物理勘探:geo-physical exploration.测井:logging电测井作业:wireline logging operation泥浆测井:mud logging井(副词“好”含意):well拓展记忆:井眼:bore hole油气井:oil&gas well试井:well test井下:down-hole井下作业:down-hole operation第2 节石油钻井方法基础词汇钻井原理:the principles of drilling顿钻钻井:percussion drilling,cable-tool drilling旋转钻井:rotary drilling大位移井:big distance( or extended ) well侧钻井:sidetracking drilling水平井:horizontal well探井:wildcat,wildcat drilling深井:deep well浅井:shallow well老井:maturing well丛式钻井:cluster well drilling煤层气井:coal-bed gas well生产井:production well报废井:abandoned well停产井:none-production well井下情况:downhole condition第3 节石油钻井技术基础词汇技术规范,技术指标,技术性能:specification 拉伸:tension拉伸强度:tensile strength弯曲强度:bending srength最小屈服强度:minimum torsional strength 应力:stress压力:pressure应力点:stress point压力降:pressure drop压力梯度:pressure gradient回压:back pressure大气压:atmosphere压差:pressure difference静液柱压力:static fluid cloumn pressure地层压力:formation pressure坍塌压力:collapse pressure破裂压力:fractured pressure液体:liquid固体:solid气体:gas,air正的:positive负的:negative水平的:horizontal垂直的:vertical第4 节石油钻井参数基础词汇钻压:WOB(weight on bit)转盘转速:RPM(rotation per minute)泵压:SPP(slurry pump pressure)泵冲:SPM(stroke per minute)排量:FR(flow rate)大钩负荷:hook load扭矩:torque反扭矩:reactive torque钻速:ROP(rate of penetration)顶驱:TDS(top drive system)钻井周期:drilling period钻井成本:drilling costs井眼尺寸:hole size垂深:TVD(total vertical depth)井深:MD(measured depth)水平位移:horizontal displacement井斜角:angle( or hole inclination)方位角:azimuth井眼环空:annulus第5 节石油钻井作业现场工作人员名称甲方:oil company(operator)钻井承包商:drilling contractor第三方(分包商)the third party(sub-contractor)钻井经理:drilling manager监督:supervisor钻井监督:DSV(drilling supervisor) or Companyman 地质监督:geologist泥浆工程师:mud engineer固井工程师:cementing engineer泥浆录井工:mud logger钻井队:drilling crew,drilling team钻井1 班:drilling shift one总经理:general manager总工程师:chief engineer项目经理:project manager(country manager)作业经理:operation manager财务经理:financial manger会计:accountant平台经理:rig manager带班队长:tool pusherHSE 监督:HSE officer司钻:driller副司钻:assistant driller井架工:derrick man钻工:roughneck(or floorman)场地工:roustabout泥浆工:mudman发动机工:motorman机械师:mechanic电工:electrician电焊工:welder司机:driver吊车司机:crane operator铲车司机:forklift operator营房经理:camp boss医生:doctor材料员:material man(storekeeper)炊事员:cook翻译:interpreter洗衣工:laundry man厨房服务生:waiter保安:watchman(or security)机械工程师:mechanic engineer第6 节石油作业现场常用工具扳手:wrench螺丝起子:screwdriver多角螺丝起子:Phlilips screwdriver (cross-headed screwdriver)撬杠:bar加长撬杠:cheater bar活动板手:monkey wrench,adjustable wrench钳子:pliers钩子:hook台钳:bench vice钢挫:file榔头:hammer锤击扳手:hammer wrench搬手:spanner内六角扳手:Allen key钢锯:hacksaw砂纸:sandpaper管钳:pipe tongs(pipe wrench)链钳:chain tong千斤顶:jack黄油枪:grease gun吊车:crane牵引绳:tag line电焊条:welding rod拖拉机:tractor推土机:bulldozer硬尺:ruler游标卡尺:Vernier slide油漆:paint铅油:dope油漆刷:paint brush铅油刷:dope brush绝缘胶布:electrical tape电线:wire插头:plug电插座:outlet(receptacle or switchboard)开关:switch螺栓:bolt螺帽:nut垫片:washer钉子:nail手电钻:hand drill钻头:bit工作台:workbench工具箱:toolbox胶水:glue胶棒:glue bar护丝:thread protector手轮:hand wheel脚轰油门:throttle联接法兰:coupling flange(or adaptor flange) 安全带:safety belt安全帽:helmet工作靴:safety boot工衣:coverall棉袄:coat防护眼镜:safety goggle手套:gloves口罩:mouth mask围裙:apron洗眼台:eye washing station灭火机:fire extinguisher消防栓:fire -hydrant水龙头:water tap消防斧:fire fighting axe铲子:shovel手砂轮:emery wheel左转:turn left右转:turn right手势:gesture信号:signal垃圾:waste garbage拖把:mop接头:sub配合接头:X-over ,cross-over提升短节:lifting sub卡瓦:slips放卡瓦:set slips母锥:box tap公锥:taper tap打捞矛:fishing spear安全接头:safety sub柔性短节:flexible joint井口盖子:wellhead cover防喷盒:mud boxBOP 吊装:BOP trolley( BOP hoist)吊卡:elevator吊环:elevator links安全卡瓦:safety clamp(dog collar)钻杆架:pipe rack水龙头提环:swivel bail材料房:warehouse绳卡:bullnose clamp(guy anchor)绳套:sling吊带:soft sling(belt)卸扣:shackle吊装工具:lifting gear维护保养:maintenance内钳:make-up tong外钳:break-out tong液压大钳:power tong液压猫头:E-zy tong兜绳:mule line四通阀:four-way valve三通:Tee软管:hose球阀:ball valve闸板阀:gate valve单流阀:back valve灌注泵:supercharge pump第二章:石油工程常用设备及专业术语第1 节钻井设备部分井架:Derrick(or mast)起(放)井架:erect(lay down) Derrick 底座大梁:sill钢木基础:mat铅锤:plumb水平仪:level架,台:rack立根盒:setback area坡道:V door(or ramp)猫道:catwalk二层台:monkey-board圆井盖:cellar cover天车:crown block防碰天车:crown-o-matic天车梁:crown block beam天车台:water table游动滑车:traveling block钻井大绳:drilling line引绳:guide line穿大绳:string-in drilling line金属线,电线:wire,cable钢丝绳股:strand截断:cutoff滑车,滑轮,皮带轮:pulley(hoist)手拉葫芦:hand pulley吊耳:lifting eye顶驱:top drive大钩:hook大钩弹簧:hook spring大钩销子:hook pin大钩锁紧装置:hook locking device大钩悬挂高度:hook height水龙头:swivel鹅颈管:gooseneck冲管:wash pipe水龙头盘根:swivel packing钻井水龙带: rotary hose( kelly hose)立管:stand pipe立管管汇:stand pipe manifold高压管线:high pressure line由壬:union低压管线:low pressure line传感器:sensor放压管线:relief line转盘:Rotary Table转盘方瓦:master bushing方补心取出装置:bushing handling tool 方补心:kelly drive bushing方孔:square opening小鼠洞:mouse hole大鼠洞:rat hole绞车:Drawworks挂合(摘开)绞车:engage(disengage) drawworks液压绞车:hydraulic winch气动绞车:air tugger(air hoist)滚筒:drum( reel)滚筒高速气离合器:high speed clutch滚筒低速气离合器:low speed clutch锚头:cathead液压猫头:E-zy tong上扣猫头:make up cathead卸扣猫头:make out cathead牙嵌离合器:jaw clutch涡磁刹车:eddy current brake(electromagnetic brake) 猫头轴:cathead shaft猫头绳:cathead line死绳:dead line死绳固定器:dead line anchor间隙:gap死绳固定器膜片:dead line diaphragm上扣:make up上扭矩:torque sth卸扣,卸开:break out上紧,固定:tighten(fasten)松开,松扣:loosen加载:load卸载:unload盘式刹车:disc brake刹车总成:brake assembly刹车轴:brake shaft刹车带:brake band刹车片:brake block液压油箱:hydraulic power unit液动试压泵:hydraulic test pump液压大钳:hydraulic (power)tong倒档齿轮:reverse gear动力扳手:power wrench吊钳钳头:hinged jaw钳牙:die大钳锁销:latch大钳悬臂:suspension bar平衡重:counterbalance weight吊钳钳臂:tong arm第2 节钻井泵类及相关设备泥浆泵:mud pump活塞:piston活塞杆:piston rod活塞皮碗:piston cup缸套:liner凡尔体:valve body凡尔座:valve seat凡尔箱:pump module阀弹簧:valve spring阀杆:valve lever阀面:valve face阀帽:valve bonnet空气包:pulsation damper充氮气:refill with nitrogen泥浆泵安全阀:pop-off valve卸压管线:release line排出阀:discharge valve吸入阀:suction valve上水滤子:screen油尺:oil-level dipstick灌注泵:supercharge pump冷却水泵:cooling pump潜水泵:submersible pump盘根盒:stuffing box叶轮:impeller单向阀:check valve(single-pass valve)安全阀:safety valve手动阀:manual valve液动阀:hydraulic valve拉杆:tie rod,tension bar压力表:pressure gauge冲数:strokes排量:flow rate80 冲(次)/分:eighty strokes per minute 泥浆罐:mud tank倒泥浆:transfer mud循环罐:active tank储备罐:reserve tank起下钻罐:trip tank溢流检查:flow check沉砂罐:satteling tank锥形罐:sand trap震动筛:sahle shaker筛布:screen目数:mash除砂器: desander除泥器: desilter离心机:centrifuge泥浆分配槽:spider box缓冲罐buffer tank第3 节与泵操作有关的实用短语没有压力:No pressure压力过高:The pressure is too high返回太少:Mud return is too few水太少:Water is not adequate.抢修:Rush to repair请看记录:Please check the record没作记录:No record available加化学药品:add chemicals测定比重:measure mud weight(specific gravity) 测定失水:measure water loss泥饼:mud cake测定切力:measure gel strength停泵:stop pump请打手势:Please make a gesture转动一周:turn round a circle垫高一些:put something under it to raise抓紧:firmly grasp抬高:lift it up拿稳:hold firm打一下:hit once往外拉:pull outward站稳:stand firm小端:small end大端:large end光滑:smooth粗糙:coarse,rough平面:flat弯曲:bending放松:loosen绷直:stretch tight,draw tight冷却:cooling润滑:lubricate过载:overload功率不足:power is not enough.第4 节钻台与底座钻台:drilling floor钻井班组记录:drilling tour record司钻监视器:driller's monitor司钻控制台:driller's console指重表:weight indicator底座:substructure井队活动房:trailer钻台上值班房:doghouse梯子:ladder第5 节井控操作与防喷器溢流: kick溢流征兆: kick sign气侵:gas cut井喷:blow-out1 次井控the primary well control2 次井控the secondary well control3 次井控the tertiary well control平衡balance超平衡over-balance欠平衡under balance漏失试验leak-off test破裂压力fracture pressure额定压力rated pressure工作压力working pressure防喷器组BOP stack安装(甩下)防喷器组:nipple up(nipple down) BOP stack 分流器diverter万能防喷器:annular preventer,bag preventer单闸板防喷器:single ram preventer双闸板防喷器:double ram preventer(防喷器)闸板:pipe ram变芯闸板防喷器variable bore ram全封式防喷器:blind ram剪切防喷器:shear ram内防喷器Inside BOP投入式单流阀DIBPV(Drop in blowout preventer valve)分流关线diverter line节流管汇choke manifold节流阀choke valve旁通阀standby valve调压阀: Pressure regulator手动节流阀manual choke远程节流阀remote choke井口四通drilling spool变径法兰:adapter flange液压控制阀HCR(hydraulic controller)远程控制系统:koomey unit蓄能器:accmulator压井管线:kill line入口:inlet出口:outlet简易除气器:poor-boy degasser真空除气器:vaccum degasser泥浆池液面纪录仪Pit volume recorder(totallizer) 泥浆流动传感仪mud flow sensor泥浆增量Pit gains硫化氢侵入H2S influx加重材料Weighted material氮气Nitrogen乙炔:acetylene氧气:oxygen预冲氮气压力Pre-charge nitrogen pressure地脚螺栓连接Studded connection法兰连接Flange connection箍盘连接Hub connection演习:drill急救演习:first aid drill消防演习:fire drill防喷演习:kick drill泄压: bleed off pressure带刻度压力表: calibrated pressure gauge带刻度容(体)积表: calibrated volume gauge 套管鞋: casing shoe上部井眼段top hole section快速钻进地层fast drilling formation压实地层:consolidated formation风化地层:weathered formation钻屑携带能力cuttings carrying capacity浅层气藏shallow gas地层破裂formation to break down压力梯度pressure gradient地层压力formation pressure井口压力wellhead pressure漏失压力leak-off pressure破裂压力fractured pressure井底压力BHP( bottom hole pressure)正常压力normal pressure异常压力abnormal pressure静液压力hydrostatic pressure动态压力dynamic pressure环空压力annular pressure关井钻杆压力SIDPP (shut in drill pipe pressure)关井套管压力SICP( shut in casing pressure)最大关井套管压力maximum allowable surface pressure, MAASP 最初循环压力ICP( Initial circulating pressure)循环结束压力FCP(Final circulating pressure)U 形管原理U-tube principle压井操作killing operation补救措施remedial actions关井后循环circulation under well closed in conditioncl 离子含量chloride contentDc 指数Dc exponent软关井soft shut in硬关井hard shut in第1 次循环first circulation第2 次循环second circulation压井泥浆比重kill mud weight抽吸swab激动surge含气地层gas bearing formation含气页岩gas bearing shale安全增量safety margin记录卡片trip sheet低循环泵速SCR(slow circulation rate)当量泥浆密度EQD(equivalent mud density)当量循环密度ECD(equivalent circulating density)司钻压井法driller’s method等待压井法wait & weight method体(容)积法volumetric method下推压井法bull-heading method不压井下钻:snub in第三章:钻井工程作业部分第1 节钻井事故井喷:blow out井涌:kick井漏:lost circulation坍塌,井壁坍塌:cave in(collapse)出砂:sand production砂桥:sand bridge台阶:ledge键槽:keyseat椭圆井眼:oval shaped hole卡钻:sticking填井:pack-hole封井:packed drilling井下落物:fish大幅度活动钻具试图解卡:work the string and try to free it活动钻具以避免卡钻:move(reciprocate ) the string to avoid being stuck. 打捞:fishing鱼头:top of fish打捞工作:fishing job侧钻:side-tracking侧钻井眼:sidetracking hole水泥窜槽:cement channeling固井失败:cement failure防砂:sand control缓慢开泵并仔细观察返浆情况:slowly start pumping and closely watch the return on the shale shaker第2 节钻头牙轮钻头:rock bit刮刀钻头:drag bit金钢石钻头:diamond bit镶齿钻头:insert bit铣齿钻头:milled tooth bit喷射钻头:jet bit牙轮:cone钻头装卸器:bit breaker钻头直径:bit diameter钻头寿命:bit life钻头磨损:bit wear钻头型号:bit type水眼尺寸:nozzle size水眼效率:nozzle efficiency钻头接头:bit sub第3 节钻具方钻杆:kelly方钻杆旋扣器:kelly spinner方钻杆旋塞:kelly cock钻具:drilling string钻杆:drill pipe油管:tube钻具组合:drilling assembly扶正器:stabilizer扩眼器:reamer(hole opener)钻铤:drill collar无磁钻铤:NMDC(non-magnetic drill collar) 加重钻杆:HWDP(heavy weight drill pipe) 近钻头扶正器:near-bit stabilizer震击器:jar减震器:shock absorber螺旋钻铤:spiral drill collar键槽破坏器:key seat reamer安全接头:safety joint钻杆刮泥器:drill pipe wiper泥浆动力钻具:mud motor钻柱:drill string涡轮:turbine涡轮钻具:turbo-drill stem立根:stand加厚:upset内加厚:IU(internal upset)外加厚:EU(external upset)内外加厚:internal-external upset丝扣:thread打捞颈:fishing neck母扣:box公扣:pin左旋螺纹:left-hand thread右旋螺纹:right-hand thread正规接头:regular joint贯眼接头:full hole joint内平接头:internal flush joint护丝:thread protector快速护丝:easy protector打捞工具:fishing tool打捞作业:fishing operation打捞篮:junk basket卡瓦打捞筒:overshot打捞杯:junk sub牙轮打捞器:cone fisher套管打捞矛:casing spear打捞矛:fishing spear打捞公锥:male tap(fishing nipple)打捞母锥:female tap(fishing socket)倒扣工具:reversing tool(backing-up tool) 铣鞋:milling shoe铣具:milling tool平底铣鞋:flat bottom mill磁力打捞工具:magnetic fishing tool打捞钩:fish hook气动工具:pneumatic tool减摩短节:friction reduction sub下套管漂浮接箍:casing floating coupling轴向加压器:hydraulic axial thruster第4 节钻井工程地面作业实用词汇与短语方入:kelly-in方余:kelly-up开钻:spud in作业指令:instruction钻井设计:drilling program井身结构:well schematic岩性:lithology迟到时间:lag time(bottom up)换钻头:change bit甩钻具:laydown drill pipe发生故障:break down安装(拆卸):rig up(rig down)接头:sub adapter机械手:mechanical arm铁钻工:iron roughneck有故障:It fucked up( something is wrong with it)已修好:it has been fixed马上去:Go there at once请下去:Please go down请上来:Please come up躲开,危险:keep away,danger.请翻译来:Ask interpretor come here,冲洗:wash down井口:well-head一根钻杆(单根):single三根钻杆组合(立根):thribble吊蓝:cage(basket)换班:shift change第5 节钻井工程井口作业实用词汇与短语喇叭口:bell nipple出水管:mud return line(flow line)试压杯:cup tester小心滑倒:wet floor, be careful不要往井眼内掉东西:never fall down anything inside hole我来做:Let me do it带把板手来:Bring a spanner,please带点密封剂:Bring a little sealant(Teflon),please 很快就好了:lt will be finshed right away抬一下:Let's lift it把绳子给我:Give me the rope,please不漏:no leakage电焊:welding气焊:gas welding气割:gas cut栏杆:handrail,gangway rail,railing蒸汽:vapour压缩空气:pressurized (compressed) air注意安全:pay attention to safety别动:Don't move,Don't touch.对准:point out exactly.校正:align裸眼:open hole第四章:钻井液及相关设备第1节钻井液名称泥浆:mud钻井液:drilling fluid完井液:completion fluid修井液:work-over fluid压井液:killing fluid射孔液:perforating fluid隔离液:spacer fluid泥浆处理:mud treatment泥浆处理设备:mud treating equipment饱和盐水泥浆:saturated salt-water mud油基泥浆:oil-base mud高粘度泥浆:heavy viscous mud重泥浆:weighted mud重泥浆压钻杆:slug drill pipe起钻倒返泥浆:we have wet pipeduring POOH重晶石:barite纯碱:soda ash高岭土粉:koaline powder云母片:mica sheet增粘剂:viscosifier稀释剂:diluent (thinner)稳定剂:stabilizer (stabilizing agent)烧碱:caustic soda稀释dilution, thinning水泥凝固cement setting第2 节钻井液设备离心泵:centrifugal pump振动筛跑泥浆:mud overflow shale shaker 筛出:shake out混合泵:mixing pump混合漏斗:mixing hopper搅拌器:mud agitator泥浆抢:mud gun岩屑:cuttings沉淀:settle沉积物:deposit吸入:suction吸入罐:suction pit泥浆天平:mud balance游码:slide weight支点:fulcrum刀口:edge调整,校正:adjust粘度计:viscometer第3 节钻井液处理剂包,袋:sack粘土:clay膨润土,般土:bentonite钠:sodium钙:calcium氯:chloride氯化钙:calcium chloride石棉:asbestos分散:dispersal表面活性剂:surface-active material铁络盐:lignite单宁:tannin羧甲基纤维素:carboxymethyl celluose CMC 木纤维:xylogen石灰:lime二氧化钙:calcium oxide粉末:powder薄片:flake溶解:dissolve延迟,妨碍:retard处理剂,添加剂:additives缓凝剂:retarder支撑剂:proppant乳化剂:emulsifier润湿剂:wetting agent稳定剂:stabilizing agent除钙剂:calcium remover降失水剂:filtration-reducing agentPH 值控制剂:PH control additive润滑剂:lubricant消泡剂:defoamer agent破乳剂:emulsion breaker洗涤剂:detergent防膨胀剂:anti-swelling agent粘土稳定剂:clay stable agent稀释剂:thinner封堵剂:plugging agent抑制剂:inhibition agent暂堵剂:temporary plugging agent解堵剂:plugging removal堵漏剂:LCM (lost circulation material)水敏地层:water-sensitive formation分散:dispersal水泥浆:cement slurry流变性:rheological characteristics稳定性:stability稠化时间:thickening-time低密度水泥浆:low-density slurry油气层保护:reservoir protection高渗透性:high-permeability砾石:gravity悬浮:suspension固化:solidification.防膨胀:anti-swelling高凝高粘度:high condensation and viscosity 无毒的:non-poisonous无荧光:non-fluorescence钻井液性能参数Specificaitons of Drilling Fluid 含水:water content密度:density厚度:thickness粘度:viscosity塑性粘度:plastic viscosity含砂量:sand content屈服:yield屈服点:yield point屈服强度:yield strength剪切速率:shear rate剪切强度:shear strength剪切应力:shear stress稀释:dilute适用温度:safe temperature初始切力:initial gel strength终切力:ten-min gel strength触变性:thixotropy剪切稀释:shear thining液体浓度:concentration泥浆柱:mud column层流:laminar flow涡流:turbulent flow气泡:bubble第五章:钻井相关作业第1节取芯部分岩心:core取心钻头:core bit取心筒:core barrel内岩心筒:inner barrel外岩心筒:outer barrel岩心爪:core catcher取心工具:corehandling tools取心收获率:core recovery rate 取样器:sample blob取样盒:sample box样品筒:sample chamber取样工:sample catcher取样间隔:sample interval井壁取心:side-wall coring井壁取心枪:side-wall coring gun 取芯失败:coring failure第2 节固井部分固井:cementing完井:well completion水泥:cement井口:wellhead井口压力:well head pressure井口回压:back pressure on the well head套压:casing pressure导管:conductor表层套管:surface casing技术套管:protective casing(intermediatecasing) 油层套管:production casing尾管:liner尾管悬挂器:liner hanger通径轨:rabbit封隔器:packer联顶节:landing joint套管柱casing string套管下部结构(含套管鞋、浮箍):casing track(including casing shoe, float collar) 套管扶正器:centralizer止退环:stop collar口袋:pocket( rat hole)环空注水泥作业:top cement job碰压:bump plug隔离液:spacer分级箍:stage collar水泥粘结强度strength of cement bond套管钳:casing tongs套管接箍:casing coupling套管头:casing head散装水泥:bulk-cement水泥浆:cement slurry插管注水泥:stab in cementing插入密封接头:stab in adapter分级注水泥:stage cementing先行水泥浆:lead cement slurry末端水泥浆:tail cement slurry促凝剂:accelerator替浆:displace with mud水泥面:top of cement固井管线:chicksan line(cementing line)灰罐:silo(bulk tank)候凝:WOC(wait-on-cement)挤水泥:squeeze cement水泥塞:plug第3 节固井水泥浆名称和参数超细水泥浆:ultrafine slurry普通水泥浆:normal slurry纤维水泥浆:fiber-reinforced cement slurry膨胀水泥浆:expanding cement slurry低密度水泥浆:low-density slurry水泥体积收缩:cement volume contraction水泥浆水化期间:cement slurry hydrating period水泥胶结质量:cement sheath bonding quantity失水率:the rate of water loss析水:liberate water稠化时间:thickening time凝固强度:cementation strength渗透性:permeability,膨胀率:expansion rate压缩强度:compression strength流动性:mobility第4 节测井部分电测:wireline logging测井解释:logging interpretation随钻测井:LWD(logging while drilling)测井电缆:logging cable测井工具:logging tool自然电位测井:spontaneous potential log感应电测井:induction electrical survey双感应测井:dual induction-laerolog中感应测井:medium induction log数字记录:digital record照相记录:photographic recording放射性测井:radioactivity log声波技术:acoustic wave technology仪器耐温:the temperature resistance of the instrument 仪器耐压:pressure resistance of instrument油气比:GOR (gas oil ratio)第六章:井下作业常用短语修井:work-over修井工具:work-over tool井下操作:down-hole operations.产层污染:pollution of pay zone增产措施:stimulations压裂和酸化:fracturing or acidizing酸化处理:acid treatment人工压裂:artificial fracturing重复压裂过程:repetition presses for fracturing,压裂车:fracturing truck sets压裂后反映:post-fracture response固体和液体添加泵:solid and liquid additive pump泵交联:pumping cross link交联剂:cross-linking agent排量:discharging三维压裂:three-dimension fracturing对压裂参数的监控、分析和解释:real time monitoring,analyzing and interpreting for fracturing operation parameters压裂操作:fracturing operation压裂规模:fracturing scale化学吞吐:chemical disposal乳化降粘:emulsification declining viscosity增注:augmented injection.注水:water-injection裸眼砾石填充完井:bore hole gravel packer completion.开窗铣锥:open-window mill prick,开窗斜向器:open-window inclined implement碳酸盐岩:carbonate reservoir第七章:海上钻井作业¨海上钻井:offshore drilling陆地钻井:on-land drilling海滩:sea beach浅海:shallow sea海底管线:sea-bottom pipe海底电缆铺设:setting cable under sea-bottom平台安装:platform installation钻井平台:drilling platform顺风:tail wind逆风:against the wind摄氏零下…度:below…degree centigrade启锚:weigh anchor抛锚:drop anchor拖航:drag对讲机:intercom,walkie-talkie上吊茏:Please get on the liftbasket救生衣:life jacket晕船:sea sick控制速度:Control the speed货已送抵:The goods has arrived货物验收:Please check and accept the goods在不远处:Not far from here不方便:lt's not convenient有危险:lt's dangerous防污染:prevent pollution没情况:Nothing happened.第八章:定向井部分定向井:directional well造斜点:KOP(kick off point)最大井斜角:maximum hole inclination增斜段:building up section稳斜段:holding section降斜段:drop off section井眼尺寸:hole size长、中、段半径:long,medium and short radius 裸井段:the open hole section水平段:horizontal section固井段:cementing section井斜角测量点:angle point水平位移:horizontal departure(displacement)井眼轨迹:wellbore trajectory优化控制:optimum control筛管:screen pipe长封固段固井:long intervals cementing丛式井:cluster well斜向器:whipstock第九章:石油现场机械传动与机械设备第1 节:动力与传动柴油机:diesel发电机:generator直流(交流)电动机:DC(AC)motor交流电:A.C (alternating current)直流电:D.C (direct current)变压器:transformer传动轴:driving shaft从动轴:driven shaft空调机:air conditioner空气压缩机:air compressor应急发电机组:emergency generator消防水泵:fire pump配电间:distrubution room电动潜水泵:ESP(electrical submersible pump) 锅炉:boiler蒸汽:vapour气压不足:The airpressure is poor操作有问题:Operation is not good电压正常:Voltage is all right绝缘不好:The insulation is bad触电:electric shock温度太高:The tempreture is too high 接地:ground短路:short circuit按红色钮:Please push the red button 打开:open,turn on,switch on关闭:close,turn off,switch off风扇:fan爬上去:climd up跳下来:jump down接住:catch it拿稳:hold tight平方米:square meter立方米:cubic meter加工:process三项交流电:three-phase AC气罐:air tank偶合器,联轴节:coupling链轮:sprocket链条:chain皮带:belt链条驱动:chain drive皮带驱动:belt drive第2 节机械加工与设备对准,使…成一线:align周围的,环境的:ambient模糊,含糊,不明确:ambiguity退火的:annealed淬火:quench回火:temper阳极:anode阴极:cathode含水的,水的:aqueous装配:assembly增大,增加,增益:augment侧向间隙:back-lash电木,(绝缘)胶木:Bakelite批量生产:bulk production轴承:bearing锥齿轮,伞齿轮:bevel gear(刮刀,刃,叶片:blade坯料:blank吹风,爆炸,喷砂机:blast滑轮组:block and tackle浮子,摆锤:bob镗床,镗孔刀具:borer内孔加工,镗孔:boring瓶颈,薄弱环节:bottleneck平衡点,盈亏临界点:breakeven point 型坯:briquette拉床,铰孔机:broacher拉削,扩孔:broaching大齿轮:bull gear碰撞,曲折,拐点:bump缓冲器,减震器:bumper擦亮,光亮:burnish去毛刺:burring凸轮,偏心轮:cam凸轮轴:camshaft铸造:cast触媒,催化剂:catalyst空化作用:cavitation内腔,空穴,(铸造)型腔:cavity陶瓷的,陶器的,陶瓷制品:ceramic铁屑,金属屑:chip凿子,扁铲:chisel钳:clamp障碍(物),阻塞(物):clog离合器:clutch罗盘,指南针:compass凸型的:convex凹型的:concave外形,轮廓;结构,构造:configuration 锥形的,锥状的,锥体:conical传送装置,运输机,传送带:conveyor 波纹;使成波状:corrugation曲柄,曲拐:crank曲轴:crankshaft蠕动,蠕变:creep圆筒,圆柱体;液缸:cylinder仪表盘,控制板:dashboard静载:dead load碎片:debris模具,钢型,冲模:die模锻:die forge压铸的,模铸的:die-cast不导电的,电解质(的):dielectric差动齿轮,差速齿轮:differential gear扩散,弥漫:diffusion修饰,打磨,使表面光洁:dress钻床:drill press染色,着色;染料:dye电解质:electrolyte椭圆,椭圆体:ellipse金刚砂:emery侵蚀,冲蚀:erosion蚀刻:etch排出,排气;废气:exhaust消音器:muffler爆炸物,炸药;爆炸(性)的:explosive挤压(成形);挤出,压出:extrude平面加工:facing测隙规:feeler gauge膜:film精加工:finish柔性的,能变形的,灵活的,适应性强的:flexible软盘:floppy disc硬盘:hard disk车床:lathe流程图:flow chart起伏,波动:fluctuation开槽,切槽:fluting飞轮:flywheel锻造:forge支点,支轴:fulcrum(龙门)起重机:gantry几何学:geometry花岗岩,花岗石:granite石墨:graphite润滑脂:grease磨碎,研磨,磨削加工:grinding槽,沟,企口:groove陀螺仪,回转仪:gyroscope主轴箱:headstock螺旋形的,螺线:helical螺旋齿轮,斜齿轮:helical gear六角形(的):hex万向接头,万向联轴节:hooke (cardan) joint,flexible joint 削弱,损害:impair冲击,脉冲:impulse。
钻井工程术语Terms of well drilling engineering

钻井工程术语Terms of well drilling engineering中华人民共和国石油天然气行业标准钻井工程术语 SY/T 5313-93Terms of well drilling engineering1 主题内容与适用范围本标准规定了石油钻井工程专用的术语。
本标准适用于石油钻井工程领域,也适用于石油工业的其他领域。
2 钻井总论 general2.1 井的基本概念 basic concept of a well2.1.1 井 well :以勘探开发石油和天然气为目的,在地层中钻出的具有一定深度的圆柱形孔眼。
2.1.2 井口 wellhead:井的开口端。
2.1.3 井底 hole bottom:井的底端。
2.1.4 裸眼 open-hole:未下套管部分的井段。
2.1.5 井深 well depth:从转盘补心面至井底的深度。
2.1.6 井壁 well wall:井眼的圆柱形表面。
2.1.7 环空 annulus:井中下有管柱时,井壁与管柱或管柱与管柱之间的圆环形截面的柱状空间。
2.1.8 井眼轴线 hole axis:井眼的中心线。
2.1.9 井身结构 casing program:包括井中套管的层数及各种套管的直径、下入深度和管外的水泥返深,以及相应各井段钻进所用钻头直径。
井身结构是钻井施工设计的基础。
2.2 井的类别 well type:按一定的依据划分的井的种类。
按钻井的目的可分为探井和开发井;按完钻后的井深可分为浅井、中深井、深井和超深井;按井眼轴线形状可分为直井和定向井。
2.2.1 探井 exploratory well:指以了解地层的时代、岩性、厚度、生储盖的组合和区域地质构造,地质剖面局部构造为目的;或在确定的有利圈闭上和已开发油气的圈闭上,以发现油气藏、进一步探明含油气边界和储量以及了解油气层结构为目的所钻的各种井,包括地层探井、预探井、详探井和地质浅井。
2.2.2 开发井 development well:指为开发油气田所钻的各种采油采气井、注水注气井,或在已开发油气田内,为保持一定的产量并研究开发过程中地下情况的变化所钻的调整井、补充井、扩边井、检查资料井等。
石油天然气工程术语标准

石油天然气工程术语标准石油天然气工程涉及到许多专业术语和标准,这些术语和标准对于石油天然气行业的工程设计、生产操作、安全管理等方面都具有重要意义。
以下是一些常见的石油天然气工程术语和标准的介绍:1. 采收率(Recovery Factor),指油田或气田中可采收的地质储量占总地质储量的比例。
其计算方法包括原油或天然气的初采储量与总储量的比值。
2. API重度(API Gravity),是衡量原油密度的指标,通常用来区分原油的轻重程度。
API重度数值越高,原油越轻。
3. 钻井液(Drilling Fluid),用于钻井作业的液体,主要功能包括冷却钻头、悬浮岩屑、平衡地层压力等。
4. 钻井井眼(Wellbore),指从地表到油气层的钻井孔道,是钻井作业的主要对象。
5. API标准(American Petroleum Institute Standards),API是美国石油协会,其制定的标准涵盖了石油和天然气行业的各个方面,包括设备、材料、工艺、安全等。
6. ISO标准(International Organization for Standardization),国际标准化组织制定的标准也在石油天然气工程中得到广泛应用,涵盖了质量管理、环境管理、安全管理等方面。
7. 钻井工程师(Drilling Engineer),负责设计和执行钻井方案,确保钻井过程的顺利进行。
8. 采油工程师(Production Engineer),负责油田生产过程的工程设计和管理,包括提高采收率、改善生产效率等。
以上是一些常见的石油天然气工程术语和标准的介绍,这些术语和标准在石油天然气行业的工程实践中扮演着重要的角色,对于确保工程质量、安全生产具有重要意义。
钻井工程中造斜的名词解释
钻井工程中造斜的名词解释钻井工程中的造斜技术解释钻井工程是一项关键的石油勘探和生产工作,通过将钻头钻入地下岩层来获得油气资源。
然而,地下岩石层并不总是垂直存在,有时岩层会倾斜或弯曲,这就需要应用一种称为造斜的技术来改变钻孔的方向。
本文旨在解释钻井工程中的造斜技术。
1. 造斜的意义和目的造斜是人为调整钻孔方向的过程,在特定的岩石层中实现平行或接近平行的钻井方向。
它的主要目的是穿越非垂直岩层以达到某种目标。
在石油勘探中,造斜可以帮助工程师更有效地获取油气资源,在采油过程中,造斜能够延伸钻井的长度,以增加井底产出。
2. 造斜的原理和方法造斜的原理基于重力和钻头对岩层的切削。
通过调节钻井工具的设计和操纵,可以改变钻头的切削方向,从而使钻井方向发生偏转。
这可以通过下述几种方法实现:a. 可转动装置(Rotary Steerable Systems, RSS):RSS是一种高级钻井工具,它能够精确地控制钻头的方向。
它通过电子控制系统和操纵器,在钻探过程中实时调整钻井方向。
这种技术具有快速响应和较高的准确性,因此在现代钻井工程中广泛应用。
b. 弯曲钻杆(Bent Subs):弯曲钻杆通过在钻杆中插入弯曲部件,使钻井工具在地下岩层中产生弯曲。
这种方法比较简单且成本低廉,但控制不如RSS准确。
c. 导向钻头(MWD/LWD):测量-导向-记录(MWD/LWD)系统是一种通过测量井身方向和传输数据的工具。
它可以提供实时的地下测量数据,帮助工程师分析岩层结构,并根据这些数据调整钻井方向。
3. 造斜的应用领域造斜技术广泛应用于石油勘探和生产中的多个领域,包括:a. 水平井(Horizontal Wells):水平井是一种在地下层中延伸相对较长的钻井,通过造斜技术,可以将垂直钻孔成功转变为水平的钻孔。
水平井可以增加地下岩层可接触面积,提高油气的产出量。
b. 水平井插箭(Horizontal Sidetracking):当一口垂直井已经用尽地下资源或遇到难以处理的地层问题时,可以利用造斜技术进行水平井插箭。
采油工程专业术语(翻译)
提高原油采收率(enhanced oil recovery):一般指三次采油技术,即通过改变油藏中的原油特性提高原油采收率。
断层(fault):地壳的破裂带,伴随着断裂的两盘相对位移。
指进(fingering):采油期间发生的水或气侵入储层的现象。
固定式钻井平台(fixed-platform rig):通过打桩固定在海底的钻井装置。
自喷井式井(flow test):一口井按一定的产液速度敞喷期间,通过测量井段的总压降和每单位压降确定井的生产能力。
降滤失剂(fluid loss additive):水泥中混合的添加剂,用以减小渗滤速度,防止注水泥作业时流体漏失。
泡沫钻井/雾沫钻井(foam/mist drilling):采用低密度泡沫流体作为钻井液的钻井方法。
褶皱(fold/folding):岩层发生弯曲变形,但未断裂或破裂。
包进尺合同(footage/footage-rate contract):一种钻井合同,其规定根据钻井进尺计酬支付给钻井工作者。
地层损害(formation damage):井眼附近因地层条件而阻碍生产的情况。
地层评价(formation evaluation):利用包括钻井液和岩屑分析录井、取心及岩心分析、电缆测井、井壁取心、电缆式地层测试和中途测试等各项技术评估地层的产油气潜力及其容量。
压裂处理(frac/fracturing treatment):使地层破裂产生裂缝提高地层渗透率的地层处理技术措施。
游离气(free gas):在储层中,密度大于自身的储层流体(如原油)、呈游离状态的天然气。
摩擦损失(friction loss):由于机械运动部件之间摩擦而引起的机械能量损失。
减阻剂(friction reducing additive):促进水泥浆在低速泵入条件下进入紊流状态的水泥添加剂。
自然伽马测井(gamma ray log/logging):记录地层天然放射性强度的测量值,用以识别地层岩性的测井方法。
石油钻井术语中英对照(权威干货)
REPORT NO.DATEOPERATORCONTRACTORSIGNATURE OF OPERATOR'S REPRESENTATIVE RIG NO.WELL NO.LAST CSG. TBG. OR LINERSIZEMAKEWT.&GR.NO.JOINTMETERRKB. TO CSG. HD.SET AT.WIRE LINE RECORDREEL NO.SIZENO.LINESMT.SLIPPEDMT.CUT OFFPRESENT LENGTHTON KIMT. OR TRIPS SINCE LAST CUT CUMULATIVE TON KIMT. OR TRIPSP PRSPUMP NO.LINER SIZEFLOE RATE(LPS)MTD. RUN(METHOD RUN)SGL.(SINGLE)PARALLELDEV.DIR.TVD.HORZ. DISP(HORIZONTAL DISPLACEMENT) TIME LOGELAPSED TIMECODE NO.DETAILS OF OPERATION IN SEQUENCE REMARKNAMEDRILLERASST. DRILLERDRKMAN(DERRICKMAN)FLRMAN(FLOORMAN)MOTORMANRSTABOUT(ROUSTABOUT)D.P.SIZE/WT.-FT/GRADETOOL JT. OD.(TOOL JOINT OUTSIDE DIAMETER) STRING NO.PUMP NO.PUMP MANUFACTURERTYPESTROKE LENGTHTIME DISTRIBUTION-HOURSCODE NO.-OPERATIONNIGHTDAYRIG UP AND TEAR DOWNDRILL ACTUALREAMINGCORINGCONDITION MUD AND CIR.TRIPSLUBRICATE RIGREPAIR RIGCUT OFF DRILLING LINE DEVIATION SURVEYWIRE LINE LOGSRUN CASING AND CEMENT WAIT ON CMT.NIPPLE UP B.O.P.TEST B.O.P.DRILL STEM TESTPLUG BACKSQUEEZE CEMENT FISHINGDIR. WORKTOTALPERFORATIONTBG TRIPSTREATINGSWABBINGTESTINGADDITIONALDAY WORK TIME SUMMARY OFFICE USE ONLYHRS. W/CONTR.D.P.HRS. W/OPR.D.P.HRS. WO/D.P.HRS.STANDBYTOTAL DAY WORK DRILLING ASSEMBLYBITSTANDS D.P.SINGLES D.P.KELLY DOWNTOTALWEIGHT OF STRINGBIT RECORDBIT NO.SIZELADC CODEMFG(MANUFACTURING) TYPEJETSDEPTH OUTDEPTH INTOTAL FOOTAGETOTAL HOURSCUTTING STRUCTURE INNEROUTERDULL CHAR.(CHARACTER) LOCATIONBEAR/SEALSGAGEREASON PLD.(PULLED) MUD RECORDTIMEWEIGHTPRESSURE GRADIENT VISC.PV/YPGELSWL.PHSOLIDS%MUD AND CHEMICAL ADDED TYPEAMT.(AMOUNT)NO.OF DAYS FROM SPUD CUMULATIVE ROTATING HOURS TOTAL MUD COSTWELLRIGSPUDRIG COST/HOURBIT DATARUN NO.BIT NO.BIT SIZEBIT MAKEBIT TYPESERIAL NO.IADC CODEbit costdepth indepth outdrilled intervalbit performancerotat. Hoursrop(m/hr)tripping hoursavg.wobavg.rpmavg.torquecost/ftbit dull gradingcutting structramarkshydraulic datarun no.jets sizeT.F.A.Flow rate(l/s)st.pipe pressure(Mpa)BIT HHPBIT HISJETS VEL.(M/SEC.)ANNULUS VEL.MUD DATAmud typemud weight(kg/cm3)mud visc.(cp)mud y.p.(pa)DIRECTIONALDEPTHINCL.(inclination)AZ.(azimuth)LITHOLOGY FORMATION TOPS REMARKSTOOLPUSHER'S SIGNATURE编号日期作业者(甲方)承包者甲方代表签名钻机编号井号截止到当日该井已下入的套管,油管或尾管数据尺寸厂家每米重量和钢级根数总长转盘面至套管头顶部长度(联入)下深大绳记录现用大绳滚筒编号尺寸大绳股数该次倒大绳米数该次割掉大绳米数筒上大绳现存长度自上次倒大绳后大绳完成的公里数或起下钻次数该筒大绳完成的总吨公里数或起下钻次数钻盘每分转数泵编号钢套尺寸排量运行方式单泵双泵井斜角方位角垂深水平位移时间记录所用时间编号按时间顺序作业内容异常情况或必要提示姓名司钻副司钻井架工钻工机房工场地工钻杆尺寸/每米重量/钢级钻杆接头外径钻杆数量泵数量泵生产厂家泵型号泵冲程长度时效分析栏作业内容-分类编号夜班白班安装和拆卸纯钻进扩眼取心循环与处理泥浆起下钻钻机保养钻机修理倒大绳测斜测井下套管,固井候凝安装封井器封井器测试中途测试打水泥塞挤水泥打捞定向合计射孔起下油管处理抽吸测试其他时间日工作时间分类小结仅供办公室使用使用承包商钻杆工作时间使用作业方(甲方)钻杆工作时间未使用钻杆工作时间组织停工时间合计工作时间钻具结构钻头钻杆立柱数钻杆单根数(余1OR2)方入合计悬重钻头记录钻头序号尺寸国际钻井承包商协会给予钻头的编号厂家类型水眼尺寸起出井深下入井深总进尺该钻头入井至今总时间钻头起初后对钻头情况的描述内排齿情况外排齿情况主要钝化特征磨损位置轴密封情况钻头外径起钻原因泥浆记录时间密度泥浆液柱压力梯度粘度塑性粘度/屈服值切力失水PH值含沙加入泥浆和药品类型加重开钻至今天数累计钻进小时开钻至今泥浆费用井号钻机编号开钻日期钻机使用每小时费用钻头数据该井钻头序号该井使用钻头按顺序编号钻头尺寸钻头厂家钻头类型钻头系列号国际承包商协会给予钻头的编号钻头成本钻头下入井深钻头起出井深钻头进尺钻头使用情况钻头在井底使用情况钻头机械速度起下钻换钻头时间平均钻压平均钻盘转速平均钻进扭矩该钻头单位进尺成本钻头磨损级别切削结构备注ramakes水力参数同‘BIT NO.’水眼尺寸钻头总喷面积排量力管压力钻头水马力比水马力喷射速度环空返速泥浆数据泥浆类型泥浆密度泥浆粘度屈服值井斜情况井深起钻井斜度方位所钻地层顶界深备注井队长签字。
石油工程概论课件3钻井
详细描述
深海钻井面临诸多挑战,如海底不稳定、水 压大、温度低等,需要采用特殊的钻井技术 和装备。常见的深海钻井技术包括浮动钻井 、半潜式钻井和海底钻井等。深海钻井的成 功案例包括墨西哥湾深海油田、巴西深海油 田等,这些油田的钻井工程克服了重重困难
,为全球能源供应做出了重要贡献。
高压气井钻井实例
要点一
对排出的油气进行计量,了解油气产量和性 质。
诱喷排液
采用适当的方法将油气诱导排出,并对排出 液进行处理。
油气层评价
根据试油结果,对油气层进行评价,为后续 开发提供依据。
弃井与回填
弃井作业
完成油气开发后,进行弃井作业,包 括拆除设备、封闭井口等。
回填作业
将弃井后的井眼用水泥浆等材料回填 封固,确保地下水不受污染和油气资 源不被泄露。
数字化与智能化阶段
随着信息技术和人工智能的发展,钻井技术也逐步实现了数字化和智能化。现代钻井技术 通过数字化技术和智能化设备,可以实现远程监控、自动化控制、智能决策等功能,大大 提高了钻井作业的效率和安全性。
钻井的分类与特点
分类
钻井可以根据不同的分类标准进行分类。根据钻井的目的,可以分为石油钻井、天然气钻井、地热钻井等;根据 钻井的深度,可以分为浅层钻井、中深层钻井和深层钻井等;根据钻井的直径,可以分为小直径钻井和大直径钻 井等。
石油工程概论课件3:钻井
目录
• 钻井概述 • 钻井工艺流程 • 钻井设备与工具 • 钻井工程设计 • 钻井工程实例分析 • 钻井工程面临的挑战与未来发展
01 钻井概述
钻井的定义与目的
定义
钻井是指利用钻机设备和技术, 在地下钻出一定直径和深度的井 眼,以获取地下资源或实现其他 目的。
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石油钻井工程术语解释1、井:以勘探开发石油和天然气为目的的,在地层中钻出的具有一定深度的圆柱形孔眼。
2、井口:井的开口端。
3、井底:井的底端。
4、裸眼:未下套管部分的井段。
5、井深:从转盘补心面至井底的深度。
6、井壁:井眼的圆柱形表面。
7、环空:井中下有管柱时,井壁与管柱或管柱与管柱之间的圆环形截面的柱状空间。
8、井眼轴线:井眼的中心线。
9、井身结构:指的是钻头钻深、相应井段的钻头直径、下入的套管层数、直径及深度、各层套管外的水泥返高以及人工井底等。
10、人工井底:设计的最下部油层下的阻流环或水泥塞面。
(注:该定义不全面,人工井底是可变的)11、井的类别:按一定依据划分的井的总类。
按钻井的目的可分为探井和开发井等;按完钻后的井深可分为浅井(<1200m)、中深井(1200~3000m)、深井(3000~5000m)和超深井(>5000m);按井眼轴线形状可分为直井和定向井。
12、探井:指以了解地层的时代、岩性、厚度、生储盖的组合和区域地质构造,地质剖面局部构造为目的,或在确定的有利圈闭上和已发现油气的圈闭上,以发现油气藏、进一步探明含油气边界和储量以及了解油气层结构为目的所钻的各种井,包括地层探井、预探井、详探井和地质浅井。
13、开发井:指为开发油气田所钻的各种采油采气井、注水注气井,或在已开发油气田内,为保持一定的产量并研究开发过程中地下情况的变化所钻的调整井、补充井、扩边井、检查资料井等。
14、直井:井眼轴线大体沿铅垂方向,其井斜角、井底水平位移和全角变化率均在限定范围内的井。
15、定向井:沿着预先设计的井眼轨道,按既定的方向偏离井口垂线一定距离,钻达目标的井。
16、丛式井:在一个井场上或一个钻井平台上,有计划地钻出两口或两口以上的定向井(可含一口直井)。
17、救援井:为抢救某一口井喷、着火的井而设计、施工的定向井。
18、多底井:一个井口下面有两个或两个以上井底的定向井。
19、大斜度井:最大井斜角在60°~86°的定向井。
20、水平井:井斜角大于或等于86°,并保持这种角度钻完一定长度的水平段的定向井。
21、钻井工序:指钻井工艺过程的各个组成部分。
一般包括钻前准备、钻进、取心、中途测试、测井、固井和完井等。
22、套补距:套管头上端面与转盘补心面之间的距离。
23、油补距:油管头上端面与转盘补心面之间的距离。
24、井场:钻井施工必需的作业场地。
25、圆井:为便于安装井控装置开挖的圆或方形井。
26、小鼠洞:位于井口的正前方,用于预先放置钻杆单根的洞,以加快接单根操作。
27、(大)鼠洞:当不使用方钻杆而从大钩上卸下时,用于放置方钻杆和水龙头的洞,位于钻台左前方井架大腿与井口的连线上。
28、钻台:装于井架底座上,作为钻工作业的场所。
29、钻具:井下钻井工具的简称。
一般来说,它是指方钻杆、钻杆、钻铤、接头、稳定器、井眼扩大器、减振器、钻头以及其它井下工具等。
30、方钻杆:用高级合金钢制成的,截面外形呈四方形或六方形而内为圆孔的厚壁管子。
两端有连接螺纹。
主要用于传递扭矩和承受钻柱的重量。
31、钻杆:用高级合金钢制成的无缝钢管。
两端有接头。
用于加深井眼,传递扭矩,并形成钻井液循环的通道。
可分为内平钻杆、管眼钻杆和正规钻杆。
32、钻铤:用高级合金钢制成的厚壁无缝钢管。
两端有连接螺纹,其壁厚一般为钻杆的4~6倍。
主要用作给钻头施加钻压,传递扭矩,并形成钻井液循环的通道。
33、接头:用以连接、保护钻具的短节。
34、钻具组合(钻具配合):指组成一口井钻柱的各钻井工具的选择和连接。
35、下部钻具组合:指最下部一段钻柱的组成。
36、钻柱:是指自水龙头以下钻头以上钻具管串的总称。
由方钻杆、钻杆、钻铤、接头、稳定器等钻具所组成。
37、(刚性)满眼钻具:由外径接近于钻头直径的多个稳定器和大尺寸钻铤组成的下部钻具组合。
用于防斜稳斜。
38、塔式钻具:由直径不同的几种钻铤组成的上小下大的下部钻具组合。
用于防止井斜。
39、钟摆钻具:在已斜井眼中,钻头以上,切点以下的一段钻铤犹如一个“钟摆”,钻头在这段钻铤的重力的横向分力——即钟摆力作用下,靠向并切削下侧井壁,从而起到减小井斜角的作用。
运用这个原理组合的下部钻具组合称钟摆钻具。
40、井下三器:指稳定器、减振器和震击器。
41、稳定器:一种中间局部外径加大、具有控制稳定钻具轴线作用的下部钻具组合的工具。
结构上分为直、螺旋和辊子三种形式。
42、减振器:一种安装在钻柱上的,能吸收来自井底产生的垂直和旋转振动的工具。
43、震击器:能产生向上或向下冲击震动的工具。
44、井口工具:钻台上用于井口操作的工具。
包括大钳(吊钳)、吊卡、卡瓦、安全卡瓦、提升短节、钻头装卸器、旋接器等。
45、指重表:反映大钩上载荷变化情况的仪表,它可显示悬重、钻重和钻压。
46、钻进:使用一定的破岩工具,不断地破碎井底岩石,加深井眼的过程。
47、钻进参数:是指钻进过程中可控制的参数,主要包括钻压、转速、钻井液性能、流量、泵压及其他水力参数。
48、钻压:钻进时施加于钻头上的沿井眼前进方向上的力。
49、悬重和钻重:在充满钻井液的井内,钻柱在悬吊状态下指重表所指轴向载荷称为悬重(即钻柱重力减去浮力);钻柱在钻进状态下指重表所指的轴向载荷称为钻重。
悬重与钻重的差值即钻压。
50、转速:指钻头的旋转速度,通常以转每分钟为单位。
51、流量(排量):单位时间内通过泵的排出口的液体量。
通常以升每秒为单位。
52、开钻:指下入导管或各层套管后第一只钻头开始钻进的统称,并依次称为第一次开钻,第二次开钻……。
53、完钻:指全井钻进阶段的结束。
54、送钻:钻进时,随着井眼不断加深,钻柱不断下放,始终保持给钻头施加一定的钻压的过程。
55、方入和方余:在钻进过程中,方钻杆在转盘补心面以下的长度称为方入;在补心面以上的方钻杆有效长度称为方余。
56、进尺:钻头钻进的累计长度。
57、机械钻速:钻头在单位时间内钻进的长度。
通常以米每小时为单位。
58、钻时:钻进单位进尺所用的时间。
通常以分钟每米为单位。
59、划眼:在已钻井眼内为了修整井壁,清除附在井壁上的杂物,使井眼畅通无阻,边循环边旋转下放或上提钻柱的过程。
分正划眼和倒划眼。
60、扩眼:用扩眼钻头扩大井眼直径的过程。
61、蹩钻:在钻进中钻头所受力矩不均,转盘转动异常的现象。
62、跳钻:钻进中钻头在井底工作不平稳使钻柱产生明显纵向振动的现象。
63、停钻:停止钻进。
64、顿钻:钻柱失控顿到井底或其它受阻位置的现象。
65、溜钻:钻进中送钻不均或失控而使钻柱下滑,出现瞬时过大钻压的现象。
66、打倒车:蹩钻严重时转盘发生倒转的现象。
67、通井:向井内下入带有通井接头或钻头的钻柱,使井眼保持畅通的作业。
68、放空:钻进中钻柱能无阻地送入一定长度的现象。
69、吊打:在钻头上施加很小的钻压钻进的过程。
70、纠斜:当井斜超过规定的限度时,采取措施使井斜角纠正到规定限度内的过程。
71、钻水泥塞:将注水泥或打水泥塞后留在套管或井眼内的凝固水泥钻掉的过程。
72、缩径:井眼因井壁岩石膨胀等而使井径变小的现象。
73、井径扩大:井眼因井壁岩石坍塌等而使井径变大的现象。
74、单根:指一根钻杆。
75、双根:指连成一体的两根钻杆。
76、立根(立柱):起钻时卸成一定长度,能立在钻台的钻杆盒上的一柱钻柱。
一般为三根钻杆。
77、吊单根:将钻杆单根吊起放入小鼠洞内的操作。
78、接单根:当钻完方钻杆的有效长度时,将一根钻杆接到井内钻柱上使之加长的操作。
79、起下钻:将井下的钻柱从井眼内起出来,称为起钻。
将钻具下到井眼内称为下钻。
整个过程称为起下钻。
80、短起下钻:在钻进过程中,起出若干立柱钻杆,再将它们下入井内的作业。
81、活动钻具:在钻井作业中,有时上提、下放或旋转钻柱的过程。
82、甩钻具:将钻柱卸开成单根拉下钻台。
83、换钻头:通过起下钻更换钻头的作业。
84、灌钻井液:在起钻、下套管或井漏时向井内或套管内泵入钻井液,以保持井内充满。
85、钻头行程:一只钻头从下入井内到起出为一行程。
86、循环钻井液:开泵将钻井液通过循环系统进行循环。
87、循环周:钻井液从井口泵入至井口返出所需的时间。
88、靶心:由地质设计确定的定向井地下坐标点。
89、靶区:允许实钻井眼轴线进入目的层时偏离设计靶心的规定范围。
90、靶区半径:靶区圆的半径。
91、造斜点:定向造斜起始的井深处。
92、造斜:利用造斜工具钻出一定方位的斜井段的工艺过程。
93、增斜:使井斜角不断增加的工艺过程。
94、降斜:使井斜角不断减小的工艺过程。
95、稳斜:使井斜角保持不变的工艺过程。
96、造斜工具:用于改变和控制井斜和方位的井下工具。
97、弯接头:一种与井底动力钻具配合,用于定向造斜的井下工具。
外形为一个轴线弯曲的厚壁接头,其公螺纹轴线与母螺纹轴线有一夹角,该角一般为1°~3°。
98、井底动力钻具(井底马达):装在井下钻具底部驱动钻头转动的动力机。
99、涡轮钻具:把钻井液的水力能经过叶轮转换成机械能的动力钻具。
100、螺杆钻具:把钻井液的水力能经过螺杆机构转换成机械能的动力钻具。
101、定向接头:一种用于标记造斜工具面的接头。
102、无磁钻铤:由导磁率近似于1的合金材料制成的钻铤。
103、定向要素:定向井基本要素,包括井斜角、方位角和井深。
104、井斜角:井眼轴线上某一点的切线(钻进方向)与该点铅垂线之间的夹角。
105、最大井斜角:在设计或实钻的井眼轴线上,全井井斜角的最大值。
106、方位角:井眼轴线上某一点的切线(钻进方向)在水平面上的投影线,与真北方向线之间的夹角(沿顺时针方向)。
107、测深(斜深):自钻机转盘面(参照点)至井内某测点间的井眼轴线的实测长度。
108、垂深:井眼轴线上某测点至井口转盘面所在水平面的垂直距离。
109、水平位移(闭合距):井眼轨迹上某测点至井口垂线的距离。
110、闭合方位角:真北方位线与水平位移方向之间的夹角。
111、取心:利用机械设备和取心工具钻取地层中岩石的作业。
112、岩心:取心作业时,从井下取出的岩石。
113、岩心收获率:岩心长与取心进尺之比的百分数。
114、岩心长:取出地面岩心的实际长度。
115、取心进尺:钻取岩心时,钻进的实际长度。
116、钻井液(钻井流体、泥浆):用于钻井作业的循环流体。
117、滤饼(泥饼):钻井液在过滤过程中沉积在过滤介质上的固相沉积物。
118、钻井液滤液:钻井液通过过滤介质流出的液体。
119、钻井液柱压力:由钻井液柱的重力引起的压力,其大小与钻井液密度和液柱垂直高度有关。
120、地层破裂压力:指某一深度的地层受液压而发生破裂时的压力值。
121、压力当量密度:给定深度处的压力除以深度与重力加速度的乘积。
122、溢流:井口返出的钻井液量比泵入量大,或停泵后井口钻井液自动外溢的现象。