英语句子成分练习题及答案知识分享

英语句子成分练习题及答案知识分享
英语句子成分练习题及答案知识分享

英语句子成分练习题

及答案

Unit 4 problems and advice

一、典型例题:写出句子成分。

1. Lily is cleaning the desk now.

2. Her garden is the best in our town.

3. Liu Ming is thirteen years old.

4. I like this book very much.

5. The girl on the blue bike is Jane’s sister.

6. She didn’t come to my party because she was ill.

7. Wang Ping does his homework carefully. 8. We will go to the Children’s Palace once a week. 9. They are i n the classroom. 10. It sounds good. 11. His name is Paul. 12. We always go to school early.

二、课后练习

(一) 挑出下列句中的宾语

① My brother doesn't do his homework. ② People all over the world speak English.

③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation. ④ How many new words do you learn ?

⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?

(二) 挑出下列句中的表语

① The old man is feeling very tired. ② Why is he worried about Jim? ③ The leaves have turned yellow.

④ Soon They all become interested in the subject. ⑤ She is the first to learn about it.

(三) 挑出下列句中的定语

① They use Mr. Mrs. with the family name. ② What is your given name?

③ On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3. ④ I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.

⑤ The man downstairs was trying to slee

(四) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语

① She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.

② He asks her to take the boy out of school. ③ She find it difficult to do the work.

④ They call me Lily sometimes. ⑤ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.

(五) 挑出下列句中的状语

① There is a big smile on her face. ② Every night he heard the noise upstairs.

③ He began to learn English when he was eleven④ The man on the motorbike is travelling to fast.

⑤ With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off.

(六) 划出句中的直接宾语( )和间接宾语()

① Please tell us a story. ② My father bought a new bike for me last week.

③ Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term.

④ Here is a pen. Give it to Tom. ⑤ Does he leave any message for me?

划分句子成分练习题

一、画出下列句子的成分

1.They are working on the farm now.

2.Seeing is believing

3.All of us like Kobe Bryant very much

4.She became a doctor in 1998

5.The book lying on the floor are mine

6.Suddenly it begins to rain

7.To catch the train ,I got up early yesterday 8.I always find her happy

9.He wonders If I still study English

10.The letter which I received the day before yesterday was a friend of mine

11.We always work hard at English. 12.He said he didn't come.

13.They love each other. 14.What did you bye?

15.She watched her daughter playing the piano. 16.your job today is to help the old.

17.Speaking doesn't mean doing. 18.Bye the time I got to the station,the train had left.

19.The children bought their parents a car for the 25th anniversary of their marriage.

20.It takes me an hour to get there. 21.The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.

22.There is an old man coming here. 23.The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.

24.To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.

二、选出下列句子中的谓语中心词

① I don't like the picture on the wall. A. don't B. like C. picture D. wall

② The days get longer and longer when summer comes. A. get B. longer C. days D. Summer

③ Do you usually go to school by bus? A. Do B. usually C. go D. bus

④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon. A. will be B. meeting C. the library D. afternoon

⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast? A. Did B. twins C. have D. breakfast

⑥ Tom didn't do his homework yesterday. A. Tom B. didn't C. do D. his homework

⑦ What I want to tell you is this. A. want B. to tell C. you D. is

⑧ We had better send for a doctor. A. We B. had C. send D. doctor

⑨ He is interested in music. A. is B. interested C. in D. music

⑩ Whom did you give my book to? A. give B. did C. whom D. book

三、挑出下列句中的宾语

① My brother hasn't done his homework. ② People all over the world speak English.

③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation. ④ How many new words did you learn last class?

⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?

⑥ The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill. ⑦ They made him monitor of the class.

四、挑出下列句中的表语

① The old man was feeling very tired. ② Why is he worried about Jim?

③ The leaves have turned yellow. ④ Soon They all became interested in the subject.

⑤ She was the first to learn about it.

五、挑出下列句中的定语

① They use Mr. Mrs. with the family name. ② What is your given name?

③ On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3. ④ I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.

⑤ The man downstairs was trying to sleep. ⑥ I am waiting for the sound of the other shoe!

六、挑出下列句中的宾语补足语 (6分,6分钟)

① She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.

② He asked her to take the boy out of school.

③ She found it difficult to do the work.

④ They call me Lily sometimes.

⑤ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.

⑥ Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?

七、挑出下列句中的状语

① There was a big smile on her face. ② Every night he heard the noise upstairs.

③ He began to learn English when he was eleven.

④ The man on the motorbike was travelling to fast.

⑤ With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off.

⑥ She loves the library because she loves books.

八、划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语

① Please tell us a story. ② My father bought a new bike for me last week.

③ Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term. ④ Here is a pen. Give it to Tom.

⑤ Did he leave any message for me?

⑥ She loves the library because she loves books.

⑦ I am afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it.

⑧ The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.

答案3 (一) ① teacher ② man ③ dictionary ④ To do (二) ① B ② A ③ C ④ A ⑤ C ⑥ C ⑦ D ⑧ C ⑨ A ⑩ A (三) ① D ② D ③ B ④ A ⑤ B ⑥ D ⑦ C ⑧ D ⑨ A ⑩ D (四) ①D ②B ③D ④C ⑤B (五) ① C ② C ③ A ④ B ⑤ B ⑥ D (六) ① C ② C ③ C ④ C ⑤ D ⑥ B (七) ① D ② A ③ D ④ D ⑤ A ⑥ D ⑦ C ⑧ D (八) ① us, 间接宾语 a story, 直接宾语② me, 间接宾语 a new bike, 直接宾语③ us, 间接宾语 history, 直接宾

语④ Tom, 间接宾语 it, 直接宾语⑤ me, 间接宾语 message, 直接宾语

答案2:

1They(主语) are working(系表结构做谓语) on the farm(地点状语) now(时间状语). 2.Seeing (动词ing做主语)is(谓语) believing (宾语)

3.All of us(主语) like (谓语)Kobe Bryant (宾语)very much (程度副词状语)

4.She(主

语) became(谓语) a doctor (宾语)in 1998 (时间状语) 5.The book(主语) lying on the floor(补语) are(谓语) mine (宾语) 6.Suddenly (状语)it(形式主语) began to rain (谓语)

7.To catch the train ,(目的状语)I(主语) got up (谓语)early yesterday (时间状语) 8.I(主

语) always find(谓语) her (宾语)happy (状语)

9.He (主语)wonders (谓语)if I (条件句中的主语)still study(条件句中的谓语) English (条件句中的宾语)整个条件句做主干的宾语

10.The letter(主语) which I received the day before yesterday(定语从句) was(谓

语) a friend of mine (宾语) 1.We always work hard at English。——————————————主语状语谓语状语状语

2. He said he didn't come. ———————————————主句主语主句谓

语从句主语从句谓语 3.They love each other.

——————————主谓语宾语

4.What did you bye? ————————宾助动词主谓

5.She watched her daughter playing the piano. —————————————————————主谓宾宾语补足语

6.your job today is to help the old. ——————- ——————————主定语系动词表语

7.Speaking doesn't mean doing. ————————————主谓宾

8.Bye the time I got to the station,the train had left. —————————————————————————时间状语从句主句主语主句谓语 9.The children bought their parents a car for the 25th anniversary of ———————————————————————————————主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语状语 their marriage.

————————

10.It takes me an hour to get there.

————————————————形式主语谓语宾语真正主语

典型例题答案

一.写出划线部分的句子成分。 1. 主,谓,宾,状 2. 定,状 3. 表

4. 谓,宾,状

5. 定,定

6. 谓,状

7. 谓,宾,状

8. 谓,状

9. 表

10. 表 11. 定,表

12. 状,状

课后练习

(三) ① D ② D ③ B ④ A ⑤ B (四) ①D ②B ③D ④C ⑤

B (五) ①

C ② C ③ A ④ B ⑤ B (六) ① C ② C ③ C ④ C ⑤ D

(七) ① D ② A ③ D ④ D ⑤ A (八) ① us, 间接宾语 a story, 直接宾语② me, 间接宾语 a new bike, 直接宾语③ us, 间接宾语 history, 直接宾语④ Tom, 间接宾语 it, 直接宾语⑤ me, 间接宾语 message, 直接宾语

一、考点、热点回顾

【句子的成分】在英文中句子成分包括:主语、谓语、宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)、表语、定语和状语、宾语补足语等。

(一)主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。它在句首。如:

(1)Lucy is a beautiful nurse. (名词作主语)

(2)He reads newspapers every day. (代词作主语)

(3)Smoking is harmful to the health. (动名词作主语)

(4)To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.(不定式作主语)

(5)What we should do is not yet decided. (主语从句作主语)

(二)谓语:说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。谓语(谓语部分里主要的词)必须是动词。谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。它在主语后面。如:

(1)His parents are teachers. (系动词和表语一起作谓语)

(2)We study hard. (行为动词作谓语)

(3)We don’t finish reading the book. (助动词和行为动词一起作谓语)

(4)He can speak English. (情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语)

(三)宾语:宾语是动作、行为的对象,由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任,它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。一般放在谓语之后。如:

(1)She is doing her homework now.(名词作宾语)

(2)She says(that)she is ill.(宾语从句作动词宾语)

(3)We often help him.(代词作宾语)

(4)He likes to play basketball.(不定式作宾语)

(5)We enjoy listening to the music. 我们喜欢听音乐。(动名词短语作宾语)

说明1:宾语是及物动词涉及到的人或物,宾语一般放在及物动词之后。介词后面的名词或代词或动名词,称为介词宾语。名词、代词、数词常在句中做动词宾语或介词宾语。另外,动词不定式可作动词宾语;动名词和宾语从句也可用作动词宾语。说明2:及物动词作谓语时,后面要跟宾语。宾语分直接宾语和间接宾语。直接宾语是及物动词的直接对象,直接宾语指物,间接宾语通常是及物动词的动作所及的人,间接宾语指人。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语之前。不是所有的及物动词都可以用双宾语。有的动词可以跟。如:

(1)give, show(给……看),bring, pass, buy等。Eg:Our teacher tells us a story. ;

The sun gives us light.

间接宾语如果放在直接宾语之后,在表示“人”的间接宾语之前会出现介词“to”或“for”。间接宾语前加“to”的有:

give, show, send, bring, read, pass, lend, leave, hand, tell, return, write, throw, promise(答应), refuse(拒绝)等。

间接宾语加“for”的有: make, buy, do, get, play, order(命令), sing, pay等

(1)I give him a book. 改成:

(2)He passes me the book. 改成:

(3)He writes me a letter. 改成:

(4)He will buy me some books. 改成:

(5)She is making me a cake. 改成:

(四)宾语补足语

在宾语后面补充说明宾语的动作、状态、特征的成分,称为宾语补足语。名词、形容词、副词、介词短语以及动词不定式、分词等可用作宾语补足语。宾语和宾语补足语称为复合宾语。如:

(1)They make her happy.(形容词)(2)I see her dance.(不定式)

(3)We’ll help you to make the Olympics a success.(名词)(4)Please let him in.(副词)

(5)We heard her singing a song.(分词短语)

(五)表语:表语说明主语“是什么”或者“怎么样”,由名词、形容词、副词、介词、不定式及相当于名词或形容词或短语来担任。它的位置在系动词后面。如:

(1)I am a teacher.(名词)(2)He is always happy.(形容词)(3)They are on the playground now.(介词短语)

(4)It gets cold.(形容词)(5)Be动词(am,is,are, was, were)

(6)系动词表保持(keep, stay, remain)(7)表改变(get, become, turn)(8)感官动词(feel,sound(听起来),seem/look(看起来),taste(尝起来),smell(闻起来))如:It sounds interesting.(sound为系动词,interesting为表语) We should all remain careful. Remain(为系动词, careful为表语)

(六)定语:定语是用来修饰名词或代词的。形容词、代词、数词、名词、介词短语、不等式或相当于形容词的词或短语等。单个词作定语时,通常放在它所修饰的名词之前。如:

(1)The black bike is mine.(形容词)(2)What’s your name?(代词)(3)

They make paper flowers.(名词)

说明1:当定语修饰不定代词:nothing, anything, everything, something等时,定语在不定代词后面。如:I tell him something interesting. (形容词interesting作不定代词something的后置定语)

He has something to do. (to do为不定式作后置定语)

说明2:短语或从句作定语时,也放在被修饰的名词之后。如:

The boys in the room are in Class Four. (in the room是介词短语作the boys的后置定语。)

(七)状语:修饰动词、形容词、副词。一般表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等意义,一般由副词、介词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来表示。状语一般放在句末,但有的可以放在句首、句中。

如:He did it carefully.(副词) We often help him.(副词)

Her mother goes out to do some shopping on Sunday.(介词短

语) When I grow up, I am going to be a teacher.(从句作时间状语) He sits there.(副词地点状语)

【简单句的五种基本句型】

A. 主语+不及物动词(主谓)

如:The sun rises. 太阳升起来。 The car stopped. 小汽车停下来了。 rise和stop都是不及物动词,因此后边不必加宾语。

B. 主语+及物动词+宾语(主谓宾)

如:I love my country. He helps me. I like action movies. I buy a book.

C. 主语+系动词+表语(主系表)

如:Her brother is a driver. We feel happy.(feel为系动词,表示感到……)

It gets dark.天黑了。(get为系动词,表示变得) Tom looks ill. Tom看上去病了。(look为系动词,表示看上去,看起来)

D. 主语+及物动词+双宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)(主谓+直宾+间宾)

如:He gives Tom a present.(双宾语)他给汤姆一件礼物。

Mother make a new dress for me.(双宾语)妈妈为我做了一件衣服。

E. 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(主+谓+宾+宾补)

如:They call her Mary.(宾补)他们叫她Mary。

We make our classroom clean and tidy.(宾补)我们使我们的教室干净而整齐。 He always makes us laugh.(宾补)他总使我们笑。

高中英语句子成分超级大汇总

高中英语句子成分超级大汇总 高中英语句子成分超级大汇总 英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。 英语五种基本句型列式如下: 一:S V (主+谓) 二:S V P (主+系+表) 三:S V O (主+谓+宾) 四:S V o O (主+谓+间宾+直宾) 五:S V O C (主+谓+宾+宾补) 基本句型一:S V(主+谓) 主语:可以作主语的成分有名词(如boy),主格代词(如you),动词不定式,动名词等。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家! 谓语:谓语由动词构成,是英语时态、语态变化的主角,一般在主语之后。不及物动词(vi.)没有宾语,形成主谓结构,如:We come. 此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 S │V (不及物动词) 1. The sun │was shining.太阳在照耀着。 2. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。 3. The universe │remains. 宇宙长存。 4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。

5. Who │cares? 管它呢? 6. What he said │does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系。 7. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。 8. The pen │writes smoothly 这支笔书写流利。 基本句型二:S V P(主+系+表) 此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类:be, look, keep, seem等属一类,表示情况;get, grow, become, turn等属另一类,表示变化。be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。感官动词多可用作联系动词:look well/面色好,sound nice/听起来不错,feel good/感觉好,smell bad/难闻 S │V(是系动词)│P 1. This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary.这是本英汉辞典。 2. The dinner │smells │good. 午餐的气味很好。 3. He │fell │in love. 他堕入了情网。 4. Everything │looks │different. 一切看来都不同了。 5. He │is growing │tall and strong. 他长得又高又壮 6. The trouble│is │that they are short of money. 麻烦的是他们缺少钱。 7. Our well │has gone │dry. 我们井干枯了。 8. His face │turned │red. 他的脸红了。

(完整版)英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解

一、英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解: (一)句子成分 1.主语(subject): 句子说明的人或事物。 主语可以由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、分词、主语从句和短语等来担任。 The sun rises in the east.(名词) He likes dancing. (代词) Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词) Seeing is believing. (动名词) To see is to believe. (不定式) What he needs is a book. (主语从句) It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. (It形式主语,主语从句是真正主语) 找出下列句中的主语: Jane is good at playing the piano.(名词) She went out in a hurry.(代词) Four plus four is eight.(数词) To see is to believe.(不定式) Smoking is bad for health.(动名词) The young should respect the old.(名词化的形容词)What he has said is true. (句子) 2.谓语(predicate): 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。 简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成 I saw the flag on the top of the hill? He looked after two orphans. 复合谓语:由情态动词或助动词+动词; He can speak English well. She doesn’t seem to like dancing. 找出下列句中的谓语(注:只有动词才可作谓语。): 1. We love China. 2. We have finished reading this book. 3. He can speak English. 4. She seems tired. 3.表语(predicative): 系动词之后的成分,表示主语的性质、状态和特征。

英语句子成分和英语句子结构

英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练 习 主语(subject ):句子说明的人或事物。 The sun rises in the east. (名词) Tvventy years is a short time in history.(数词) To see is to believe ? (不定式) It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. (It 形式主语,主语从句是真正主 语) 谓语(predicate ):说明主语的动作、状态和特 征。 表语(predicative ):系动词之后的成分,表示主语的性质、状态和特征。 Seventy-four! You don' t look it.(代词) Five and five is ten.(数词) He is asleep.(形容词) His father is in. (副词) The picture is on the wall. (介词短语) My v/atch is gone / missing / lost. (形容词化的分词) To v/ear a flower is to say " I' m poor, I can' t buy a ring.(不;卫式) The question is v/hether they vnll come. (表语从句) 常见的系动词有: be, sound (听起来),look (看起来),feel (摸起来,smell (闻起来),taste (尝、吃起来), remain (保持,仍是),feel (感觉)??? 宾语: 1) 动作的承受者动宾 I like China.(名词) He hates you.(代词) How many do you need? We need two ?(数词) We should help the old and the poor. I enjoy working with you. (动需词) I hope to see you again.(不立式) Did you write dov/n v/hat he said?(宾语从句) 2) 介词后的名词、代词和动名词…介宾 Are you afraid of the snake? Under the snow, there are many rocks ? 3) 双宾语…-间宾(指人)和直宾(指物) He gave me a book yesterday. Give the poor man some money. 宾补:对宾语的补充,全称为宾语补足语。 We elected him monitor. (名词) We all think it a pity that she didn' t come here.(名) We will make them happy.(形容词)We found nobody in.(副词) We study English. He is asleep. He likes dancing. Seeing is believing ? What he needs is a book. (代词) (动名词) (主语从 He is a teacher. (名词) It sou nds a good idea ? Her voice sounds sweet ? The food smells delicious. The door remains open. The sou nd sounds stra nge. Tbm looks thin. The food tastes good ? Nov/1 feel tired.

高中英语句子成分划分详解(全)

Grammar of Unit 1 Different parts of a sentence 概念 句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的。组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分。句子的成分包括:主语、谓语、表语、宾语(直接和间接宾语)、宾语补足语、定语和状语。主语和谓语是句子的主体部分(在英语中,一般句子必须有主语和谓语),表语、宾语和宾语的补足语是谓语里的组成部分。其他成份如定语和状语是句子的次要成分。 ▲句子成分分类 1.主语 主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。一般由名词、代词、不定代词或相当于名词的单词或短语来充当,也有从句充当的现象。大多数主语都在句首。如: 讲述“谁”We work in a big factory. 讲述“什么”The classroom is very big. 数词作主语Three are enough. 三个人就够了 不定式作主语To operate on the blind is one of the ORBIS Doctor’s job. 从句作主语What we need is food. 我们最需要的是食物. ▲在“There be …”句型中,主语的位置在中间。如:

There are some bottles of milk in the box. ▲在个别句型中,主语在整个句子后面,这时前面用it作形式主语。如: It is very interesting to play the game called “treat or trick”. It took two workers about three months to build the house. 2.谓语 谓语时用来说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”,谓语必须是动词,谓语和主语在“人称”和“数”两方面必须一致。如: He is very generous. She looks very smart and cool We have finished the job. He can speak German. 3.表语 表语说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”,由名词、形容词、介词、副词、不定式及相当于名词的词或短语来充当,它的位置在系动词后面。 形容词作表语You look younger than before.名词作表语My father is a teacher. 副词作表语Everyone is here. 介词短语作表语They are at the theatre. 不定式作表语My job is to teach them English. 动名词作表语Her job is training the nurses. 从句作表语That is why he didn’t come to school yesterday.

(完整版)英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解和练习试题

英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习 简单句的五个基本句型 ?主语+不及物动词She came.. ?主语+及物动词+宾语She likes English. ?主语+系动词+主语补语 ?She is happy. ?主语+动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 ?She gave John a book. ?She bought a book for me. ?主语+动词+宾语+宾语补语 ?She makes her mother angry. ?The teacher asked me to read the passage. ?(There +be There lies a book on the desk. 主谓宾 ?名/代--动词--名/代 ?we-- saw --you. ?we-- did --the work. ?主系表 ?名/代-系动词-形容次/名词/代词 ?you are beautiful ?you seems worried. ?you are a stufent.

?相同点都三部分,主语也一样.不同动词和系动词,时态一样,否定式不同.动词加助动词,系动词不用.表语可以是形容词,宾语不行.只有宾语有补足语 2、句子成分:英语句子成分分为七种: ?主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 ?1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。 ?如:I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) ?2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。 ?如:Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) ?3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。 ?如:My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。 ?如:He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) ?有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。 ?如:He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信) ?有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如:He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如: Shanghai is a big city .(上海是个大城市) 6、状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词,通常由副词担任。 如:He works hard .(他工作努力)

英语句子成分和英语句子基本结构讲解及练习

英语句子成分和英语句子基本结构讲解及练习 一、句子的基本结构(5种) 1、主语+谓语(s+v) 2、主语+系动词+表语(s+l+p) 3、主语+谓语+宾语(s+v+o) 4、主语+谓语+间接宾语(指人)+直接宾语(指物) (s+v+io+do) 5、主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语(s+v+o+c) 二、句子成分:(主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾补、同位语、插足语) 1. 主语(subject):句子说明的人或事物。 The sun rises in the east () He likes dancing. () Twenty years is a short time in history. ( ) Seeing is believing. () To see is to believe.() What he needs is a book.() It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.() (一)指出下列句中主语的中心词 ① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom. ② There is an old man coming here. ③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year. ④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficu lt. 2. 谓语(predicate):是对主语加以陈述,表示主语的行为或状态,常用动词或者动词词 组担任,放在主语的后面。We study English. He is asleep. (二). 选出句中谓语的中心词 ① I don't like the picture on the wall. A. don't B. like C. picture D. wall ② The days get longer and longer when summer comes. A. get C. days D. summer ③ Do you usually go to school by bus? A. Do B. usually C. go D. bus ④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.

英语句子成分和英语句子结构

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高中英语句子成分讲解超详细

什么叫句子成分呢?句子的组成成分叫句子成分。在句子中,词与词之间有一定的组合关系,按照不同的关系,可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。句子成分由词或词组充当。现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种,即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。英语的基本成分有七种:主语(subject)、谓语(predicate)、表语(predicative)、宾语(object)、定语(attribute)、状语(adverbial) 和补语(complement)。 英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本 句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。 英语五种基本句型列式如下:一:SV(主+谓)二:SVP(主+系+表)三:SVO(主+谓+宾)四:SVoO(主+谓+间宾+直宾)五:SVOC(主+谓+宾+宾补) 基本句型S V (主+谓) 主语:可以作主语的成分有名词(如boy),主格代词(如you),动词不定式,动名词等。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家! 谓语:谓语由动词构成,是英语时态、语态变化的主角,一般在主语之后。不及物动词(vi.)没有宾语,形成主谓结构,如:We come. 此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 S│ V(不及物动词) 1. The sun │was shining.太阳在照耀着。 2. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。 3. The universe │remains. 宇宙长存。 4. We all │breathe, eat, and dri nk. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。 5. Who │cares? 管它呢? 6. What he said │does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系。 7. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。 8. The pen │writes smoothly 这支笔书写流利。 基本句型二 SVP(主+系+表)

英语句子成分与结构教案

目标满分班名师培优精讲 第1 讲 【教学标题】 英语句子成分 【教学目标】 让学生完全掌握英语句子的成分问题,使学生能够更好的理解句子结构 【教学重点】 1.句子成分的划分 2.句子的主要成分 3.句子的次要成分 4.作各个成分相应的词性 【教学难点】 1.句子的主要成分 2.状语的识别 3.定语的识别 4.宾语补足语 【教学内容】 句子成分的定义:构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。 句子成分有主要成分和次要成分:主要成分有主语和谓语;次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。 A.主语:主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。 一句话语法: 主语由名词性的词来充当.

例如: During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.(名词) The students all love their English teacher. We often speak English in class.(代词) They go to school by bus. One-third of the students in this class are girls.(数词) To swim in the river is a great pleasure.(不定式) To see is to believe. Smoking does harm to the health.(动名词) Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. It’s no use regretting it. The rich should help the poor.(名词化的形容词) When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.(主语从句) It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式)B.谓语:谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语,一般放在主语之后。注意动词不定式、动名词、分词为非谓语,不能作谓语。 一句话语法: 谓语由动词充当。 有很多同学在写作的时候容易犯的错误就是要么乱用be动词,要么句子没有谓语动词. 1、可作谓语的动词一般为行为动词(表动作)和连系动词(表状态),行为动词根据其后是否可直接接宾语,又可分为及物动词和不及物动词。 (1)、及物动词作谓语 We should help each other.

英语句子成分及结构专题

一、句子成分(Members of a Sentence) 英语的句子成分主要有六种:即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。(可以熟记为:主谓宾,定状补)除了这六种主要成分之外,还有“表语”、“同位语”和“独立成分”的说法。但表语和系动词一起作谓语,因此划分成分时,划分在谓语上。同位语分为主语同位语和宾语同位语,属于主语或宾语的一部分。独立成分与句子的其他成分没有语法上的联系,能用作独立成分的有:感叹词、呼语和插入语。 1.主语:主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首,通常由名词性的词来充当。可以作主语的词性或语法结构有:①名词②代词③数词④名词化的形容词(如the rich)⑤不定式⑥动名词⑦主语从句等表示。例如:Tom is a clever boy.(专有名词人名作主语) 画出句子的主语,并说明其构成方式: ①During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. ①We often speak English in class. ①One-third of the students in this class are girls. ①To swim in the river is a great pleasure. ①Smoking does harm to the health. ①The rich should help the poor. ①When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. ①It is necessary to master a foreign language. ①That he isn’t at home is not true. 正确运用主语的各种形式

(完整版)高中英语句子成分讲解与练习

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英语句子成分和句子结 构分析 Company Document number:WUUT-WUUY-WBBGB-BWYTT-1982GT

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英语句子成分及简单句型结构 一、介绍与其重要性 学会判断句子成分对以后学习难句奠定了基础。英语句子的构成也有其特定的规律,掌握了句子的基本句型、常见句式和词语的习惯搭配,就能写出完整、正确的句子。句子是写作的基本单位,只有写好句子才有可能写好文章。英语的句子成分有八种。 定义:构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分:主语和谓语 次要成分:表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语 二、英语句子成分分析解读 找出句中主语 The sun rises in the east. Twenty years is a short time in history. The poor are now living in the shelter. Seeing is believing. To see is to believe. He likes dancing. What he needs is a book.

It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. ㈡谓语说明主语的动作、状态和特征 简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成 I saw the flag on the top of the hill He looked after two orphans. 复合谓语由情态动词或助动词+动词; He can speak English well. She doesn’t seem to like dancing 英语中按动词后可否直接跟宾语,分成不及物动词与和及物动词。 及物动词(vt.) :及物动词后必须跟有动作的对象(即宾语),并且可直接跟宾语。如: He reached Paris . 不及物动词(vi. ):不及物动词后不能直接跟有动作的对象(即宾语)。若要跟宾语,必须先在其后加上某个介词。 如: Look! She is singing. Look at me carefully! 类似的还有:agree, go, work, listen, look, come, die, belong, fall, exist, rise, arrive, sit, sail, hurry, fail, succeed... 易误用作及物动词的9个不及物动词: 误:deal a problem 正:deal with a problem 处理问题 误:depend sb. 正:depend on sb. 依靠(依赖)某人误:insist doing sth. 正:insist on doing sth. 坚持要做某事 误:knock the door 正:knock on [at] the door 敲门 误:operate sb. 正:operate on sb. 为某人做手术 误:participate sth. 正:participate in sth. 参加某事误:refer sth. 正:refer to sth. 查阅(参考)某物误:rely sb. / sth. 正:rely on sb. / sth. 依靠(依赖) 误:reply a letter 正:reply to a letter 回信

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