毕业设计---振动筛外文翻译
机械类毕业设计外文翻译

外文原文Options for micro-holemakingAs in the macroscale-machining world, holemaking is one of the most— if not the most—frequently performed operations for micromachining. Many options exist for how those holes are created. Each has its advantages and limitations, depending on the required hole diameter and depth, workpiece material and equipment requirements. This article covers holemaking with through-coolant drills and those without coolant holes, plunge milling, microdrilling using sinker EDMs and laser drilling.Helpful HolesGetting coolant to the drill tip while the tool is cutting helps reduce the amount of heat at the tool/workpiece interface and evacuate chips regardless of hole diameter. Butthrough-coolant capability is especially helpful when deep-hole microdrilling because the tools are delicate and prone to failure when experiencing recutting of chips, chip packing and too much exposure to carbide’s worst enemy—heat.When applying flood coolant, the drill itself blocks access to the cutting action. “Somewhere about 3 to 5 diameters deep, the coolant has trouble getting down to the tip,” said Jeff Davis, vice president of engineering for Harvey Tool Co., Rowley, Mass. “It becomes wise to use a coolant-fed drill at that point.”In addition, flood coolant can cause more harm than good when microholemaking. “The pressure from the flood coolant can sometimes snap fragile drills as they enter the part,” Davis said.The toolmaker offers a line of through-coolant drills with diameters from 0.039" to 0.125" that are able to produce holes up to 12 diameters deep, as well as microdrills without coolant holes from 0.002" to 0.020".Having through-coolant capacity isn’t enough, though. Coolant needs to flow at a rate that enables it to clear the chips out of the hole. Davis recommends, at a minimum, 600 to 800 psi of coolant pressure. “It works much better if you have higher pressure than that,” he added.To prevent those tiny coolant holes from becoming clogged with debris, Davis also recommends a 5μm or finer coolant filter.Another recommendation is to machine a pilot, or guide, hole to prevent the tool from wandering on top of the workpiece and aid in producing a straight hole. When applying a pilot drill, it’s important to select one with an included angle on its point that’s equal t o or larger than the included angle on the through-coolant drill that follows. The pilot drill’sdiameter should also be slightly larger. For example, if the pilot drill has a 120° included angle and a smaller diameter than a through-coolant drill with a 140° included angle, “then you’re catching the coolant-fed drill’s corners and knocking those corners off,” Davis said, which damages the drill.Although not mandatory, pecking is a good practice when microdrilling deep holes. Davis suggests a pecking cycle that is 30 to 50 percent of the diameter per peck depth, depending on the workpiece material. This clears the chips, preventing them from packing in the flute valleys.Lubricious ChillTo further aid chip evacuation, Davis recommends applying an oil-based metalworking fluid instead of a waterbased coolant because oil provides greater lubricity. But if a shop prefers using coolant, the fluid should include EP (extreme pressure) additives to increase lubricity and minimize foaming. “If you’ve got a lot of foam,” Davis noted, “the chips aren’t being pulled out the way they are supposed to be.”He added that another way to enhance a tool’s slipperiness while extending its life is with a coating, such as titanium aluminum nitride. TiAlN has a high hardness and is an effective coating for reducing heat’s impact when drilling difficult-to-machine materials, like stainless steel.David Burton, general manager of Performance Micro Tool, Janesville, Wis., disagrees with the idea of coating microtools on the sma ller end of the spectrum. “Coatings on tools below 0.020" typically have a negative effect on every machining aspect, from the quality of the initial cut to tool life,” he said. That’s because coatings are not thin enough and negatively alter the rake and relief angles when applied to tiny tools.However, work continues on the development of thinner coatings, and Burton indicated that Performance Micro Tool, which produces microendmills and microrouters and resells microdrills, is working on a project with others to create a submicron-thickness coating. “We’re probably 6 months to 1 year from testing it in the market,” Burton said.The microdrills Performance offers are basically circuit-board drills, which are also effective for cutting metal. All the tools are without through-coolant capability. “I had a customer drill a 0.004"-dia. hole in stainless steel, and he was amazed he could do it with a circuit-board drill,” Burton noted, adding that pecking and running at a high spindle speed increase the drill’s effectiveness.The requirements for how fast microtools should rotate depend on the type of CNC machines a shop uses and the tool diameter, with higher speeds needed as the diameter decreases. (Note: The equation for cutting speed is sfm = tool diameter × 0.26 × spindlecan go deeper because it’s de signed to place the load on its tip when drilling. This transfers the pressure into the shank, which absorbs it.Performance offers endmills as small as 5 microns (0.0002") but isn’t keen on increasing that line’s sales. “When people try to buy them, I ve ry seriously try to talk them out of it because we don’t like making them,” Burton said. Part of the problem with tools that small is the carbide grains not only need to be submicron in size but the size also needs to be consistent, in part because such a tool is comprised of fewer grains. “The 5-micron endmill probably has 10 grains holding the core together,” Burton noted.He added that he has seen carbide powder containing 0.2-micron grains, which is about half the size of what’s commercially available, but it also contained grains measuring 0.5 and 0.6 microns. “It just doesn’t help to have small grains if they’re not uniform.”MicrovaporizationElectrical discharge machining using a sinker EDM is another micro-holemaking option. Unlike , which create small holes for threading wire through the workpiece when wire EDMing, EDMs for producing microholes are considerably more sophisticated, accurate and, of course, expensive.For producing deep microholes, a tube is applied as the electrode. For EDMing smaller but shallower ho les, a solid electrode wire, or rod, is needed. “We try to use tubes as much as possible,” said Jeff Kiszonas, EDM product manager for Makino Inc., Auburn Hills, Mich. “But at some point, nobody can make a tube below a certain diameter.” He added that some suppliers offer tubes down to 0.003" in diameter for making holes as small as 0.0038". The tube’s flushing hole enables creating a hole with a high depth-to-diameter ratio and helps to evacuate debris from the bottom of the hole during machining.One suc h sinker EDM for producing holes as small as 0.00044" (11μm) is Makino’s Edge2 sinker EDM with fine-hole option. In Japan, the machine tool builder recently produced eight such holes in 2 minutes and 40 seconds through 0.0010"-thick tungsten carbide at the hole locations. The electrode was a silver-tungsten rod 0.00020" smaller than the hole being produced, to account for spark activity in the gap.When producing holes of that size, the rod, while rotating, is dressed with a charged EDM wire. The fine-hole option includes a W-axis attachment, which holds a die that guides the electrode, as well as a middle guide that prevents the electrode from bending or wobbling as it spins. With the option, the machine is appropriate for drilling hole diameters less than 0.005".Another sinker EDM for micro-holemaking is the Mitsubishi VA10 with a fine-hole哈尔滨理工大学2008届本科生毕业设计(论文)外文翻译jig attachment to chuck and guide the fine wire applied to erode the material. “It’s a standard EDM, but with that attachment fixed to the machine, we can do microhol e drilling,” said Dennis Powderly, sinker EDM product manager for MC Machinery Systems Inc., Wood Dale, Ill. He added that the EDM is also able to create holes down to 0.0004" using a wire that rotates at up to 2,000 rpm.Turn to TungstenEDMing is typically a slow process, and that holds true when it is used for microdrilling. “It’s very slow, and the finer the details, the slower it is,” said , president and owner of Optimation Inc. The Midvale, Utah, company builds Profile 24 Piezo EDMs for micromachining and also performs microEDMing on a contract-machining basis.Optimation produces tungsten electrodes using a reverse-polarity process and machines and ring-laps them to as small as 10μm in diameter with 0.000020" roundness. Applying a10μm-dia. electr ode produces a hole about 10.5μm to 11μm in diameter, and blind-holes are possible with the company’s EDM. The workpiece thickness for the smallest holes is up to 0.002", and the thickness can be up to 0.04" for 50μm holes.After working with lasers and then with a former EDM builder to find a better way to produce precise microholes, Jorgensen decided the best approach was DIY. “We literally started with a clean sheet of paper and did all the electronics, all the software and the whole machine from scratc h,” he said. Including the software, the machine costs in the neighborhood of $180,000 to $200,000.Much of the company’s contract work, which is provided at a shop rate of $100 per hour, involves microEDMing exotic metals, such as gold and platinum for X-ray apertures, stainless steel for optical applications and tantalum and tungsten for the electron-beam industry. Jorgensen said the process is also appropriate for EDMing partially electrically conductive materials, such as PCD.“The customer normally doesn’t care too much about the cost,” he said. “We’ve done parts where there’s $20,000 [in time and material] involved, and you can put the whole job underneath a fingernail. We do everything under a microscope.”Light CuttingBesides carbide and tungsten, light is an appropriate “tool material” formicro-holemaking. Although most laser drilling is performed in the infrared spectrum, the SuperPulse technology from The Ex One Co., Irwin, Pa., uses a green laser beam, said Randy Gilmore, the company’s director of laser technologies. Unlike the femtosecond variety, Super- Pulse is a nanosecond laser, and its green light operates at the 532-nanometer wavelength. The technology provides laser pulses of 4 to 5 nanoseconds in duration, and those pulses are sent in pairs with a delay of 50 to 100 nanoseconds between individual pulses. The benefits of this approach are twofold. “It greatly enhances material removal compared to1other nanosecond lasers,” Gilmore said, “and greatly reduces the amount of thermal damage don e to the workpiece material” because of the pulses’ short duration.The minimum diameter produced with the SuperPulse laser is 45 microns, but one of the most common applications is for producing 90μm to 110μm holes in diesel injector nozzles made of 1mm-t hick H series steel. Gilmore noted that those holes will need to be in the 50μm to 70μm range as emission standards tighten because smaller holes in injector nozzles atomize diesel fuel better for more efficient burning.In addition, the technology can produce negatively tapered holes, with a smaller entrance than exit diameter, to promote better fuel flow.Another common application is drilling holes in aircraft turbine blades for cooling. Although the turbine material might only be 1.5mm to 2mm thick, Gilmore explained that the holes are drilled at a 25° entry angle so the air, as it comes out of the holes, hugs the airfoil surface and drags the heat away. That means the hole traverses up to 5mm of material. “Temperature is everything in a turbine” he said, “because in an aircraft engine, the hotter you can run the turbine, the better the fuel economy and the more thrust you get.”To further enhance the technology’s competitiveness, Ex One developed apatent-pending material that is injected into a hollow-body component to block the laser beam and prevent back-wall strikes after it creates the needed hole. After laser machining, the end user removes the material without leaving remnants.“One of the bugaboos in getting lasers accepted in the diesel injector community is that light has a nasty habit of continuing to travel until it meets another object,” Gilmore said. “In a diesel injector nozzle, that damages the interior surface of the opposite wall.”Although the $650,000 to $800,000 price for a Super- Pulse laser is higher than amicro-holemaking EDM, Gilmore noted that laser drilling doesn’t require electrodes. “A laser system is using light to make holes,” he said, “so it doesn’t have a consumable.”Depending on the application, mechanical drilling and plunge milling, EDMing and laser machining all have their place in the expanding micromachining universe. “People want more packed into smaller spaces,” said Makino’s Kiszonas.哈尔滨理工大学2008届本科生毕业设计(论文)外文翻译中文翻译微孔的加工方法正如宏观加工一样,在微观加工中孔的加工也许也是最常用的加工之一。
毕业设计外文文献翻译(原文+译文)

Environmental problems caused by Istanbul subway excavation and suggestionsfor remediation伊斯坦布尔地铁开挖引起的环境问题及补救建议Ibrahim Ocak Abstract:Many environmental problems caused by subway excavations have inevitably become an important point in city life. These problems can be categorized as transporting and stocking of excavated material, traffic jams, noise, vibrations, piles of dust mud and lack of supplies. Although these problems cause many difficulties,the most pressing for a big city like Istanbul is excava tion,since other listed difficulties result from it. Moreover, these problems are environmentally and regionally restricted to the period over which construction projects are underway and disappear when construction is finished. Currently, in Istanbul, there are nine subway construction projects in operation, covering approximately 73 km in length; over 200 km to be constructed in the near future. The amount of material excavated from ongoing construction projects covers approximately 12 million m3. In this study, problems—primarily, the problem with excavation waste(EW)—caused by subway excavation are analyzed and suggestions for remediation are offered.摘要:许多地铁开挖引起的环境问题不可避免地成为城市生活的重要部分。
毕业设计-外文翻译 正确格式范例

天津科技大学本科生毕业设计(论文)外文资料翻译学院:材料科学与化学工程学院专业:高分子材料与工程姓名:阮孝顺学号:10032411指导教师(签名):2014年3月15日基底机械附着防水体系ACC板适宜性的确认及其高风压下的强度Michal Bartko a, Hiroyuki Miyauchi a,*, Kyoji Tanaka ba忠南大学,305-764,大田,南韩b日本东京工业大学,226-8503,神奈川县,日本2012年9月7日收到,2013年5月9日收到修改稿,2013年5月19日接受,2013年6月19日发表【摘要】受到强风的影响,机械连接防水体系的蒸气压混凝土板(AAC)的可靠性需要验证。
通过静态和动态拉伸试验研究AAC面板紧固件的优点。
对最常用的机械和化学紧固件的优点和AAC断裂类型进行测试观察。
静态强度值介于2.0至5.0kN之间,动态强度下降范围在1.5到2.2kN之间。
而且,我们创造性的应用了弹性粘合剂来代替常用的环氧树脂从而广泛的消除了ACC断裂。
我们使用专门设计和生产的恒定负载型动态测试仪,检查完整的机械连接的防水体系的特征。
我们测试了两种聚氯乙烯(PVC)卷材的类型和两种不同的卷材和圆盘连接方法。
重复实验,直到失败的次数高达100,000次,并记录在相同强度的强风下实际屋顶发生的断裂类型。
也发现了紧固件的动态强度和完全防水体系之间的关系,证明了AAC面板有足够承载力能够作为机械连接防水体系的基底,也探究出了确定紧固件最大间距的方法。
2013年爱思唯尔公司保留所有权。
【关键词】:机械连接防水体系;AAC镶基板;阻力风;静态和动态测试;断口模式;体系设计方法2013年爱思唯尔公司保留所有权。
1.前言机械连接防水体系是一种干式防水体系,有几个优势,比如不受裂缝和联合移动的影响。
该防水体系适用于多种类型的基板,安装简单容易,可以方便的修复,在技术上和经济上可行。
因此,该体系在日本和全球的使用量正在增长。
毕业设计外文及翻译4

What is circulating fluidized bed boiler?∙Fluidized Bed Reactors : High temperature systems for labs: Excellent mass and heat transfer∙Fluidized Bed Dryer for porboiled, paddy,corn,coffee,beans,jusmin etc.∙Fluid Bed Processor: Powder Coater Granulator Drying/Granulating/Coating Answer:CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED BED (CFB) BOILERTECHNOLOGY...a unique type of technology that converts various sources of fuel into energyDuring normal operation CFB technology does not utilize higher temperature gas, coal or oil burners in its furnace; instead it utilizes fluidization technology to circulate the fuel source as they burn in a low-temperature combustion process. The low burningtemperature minimizes the formation of nitrogen. The fuel is recycled over and over which results in high efficiency for fuel burning, capturing certain gaseous emissions, andtransferring the fuel's heat energy into high-quality steam used to produce power. The vigorous mixing, long burning time, and low-temperature combustion process allow CFBs to cleanly burn virtually any combustible material. CFBs capture and control gaseous emissions as required by the EPA during the conversion process generally eliminating the need to add additional emission control equipment.CFB technology has proven to be very capable of converting fuels with substantially lower BTU (British Thermal Unit) heating values such as waste coal.Simply put, by suspending (circulating) low quality fuel in air, it could be ignited and swirl inside the boiler like a fluid --- hence the "fluidized bed" part of the name. By circulating the burning fuel in a tall boiler-furnace until all of the available carbon is converted to energy, even a low BTU source such as coal refuse can be effectively and efficiently utilized.Accordingly even coal refuse that had been randomly discarded and unused for decades could now be used and converted into viable alternative energy....coal that had never been considered as "useful fuel" prior to the development of CFB Technology.CFB units are inherently designed and have proven over time to cleanly convert low BTU fuels into viable alternative energy.。
专业英语之选矿

abrasion n. 研磨abrasion testing 磨耗试验abrasive a. 磨蚀的acceleration n . 加速(度)accentuate v. 强调,增强Affinity 吸引力, 亲合力Agitate 搅动,搅拌agitation n. 搅拌(作用)amenable a. 有利于,易于annular adj. 环形(状)的anthracite.无烟煤anvil n. 砧,铁砧,碎矿板aperture n. 孔,口apex n. 顶,顶尖,沉砂口asbestos n. 石棉ash fusion 灰熔试验as-mined ore/run-of-mine ore 采出矿石, 原矿石assay.化验associated adj. 联合的, 连生的attrition n. 磨损,研磨autogenous a. 自生的,自发的Autogenous mills 自磨机Avid 亲的,渴望的baddeleyite n. 斜锆石bar n. 杆,棒,条batch-type a. 批次的beater n. 夯具,冲击破碎机,搅拌器Beneficiation 选矿bevel n.;v.;a. 斜角,斜面;斜的biodegradation.生物降解bituminous coal 烟煤bituminous. 含沥青的blasting n. 爆破blow n. 打击bolt n. 锚杆,螺栓,桁架bomb calorimeter弹式量热计brittle a. 脆性的buoyant force n . 浮力Calcination 煅烧carat.(=karat) 克拉(宝石的重量单位)carbide n. 碳化物,硬质合金carrier n. 矿石搬运设备Cassiterite.[矿]锡石cement n. 水泥,粘结剂chalcopyrite 黄铜矿choke n. v. 堵塞chrome-bearing 含铬的Classifier 分级机clayey a. 含粘土的,粘土质的,泥质的cleft cross 交叉碎裂cling v. 紧贴,依附于clinker n. 熟料,熔渣clog v.; n. 堵塞,障碍closed-circuit n. 闭路循环coal preparation n. 选煤coal seam 煤层coefficient n. 系数Coke. 焦炭colloidal 胶质的,胶体的commence v. 开始Comminute 使成粉末,粉碎Comminution 粉碎compact adj. 紧密的Concentrate 精矿/富集, 浓缩concentration criterion 可选性准则Concentration 富集,浓缩conduit n. 导管,管道cone n. 圆锥选矿机cone crusher 圆锥破碎机configuration n. 构型,排列constrained a. 约束的contraction n. 压缩,缩短conveyor n. 运输机corrugated a. 波纹状的crack tip n. 裂隙末端critical a. 临界的cross-members n. 横构件cross-section n. 横断面cross-section n. 横断面crucible swelling index 坩埚膨胀指数Crushing 破碎,碎矿damp a. 潮湿的deck n. 摇床床面deflect v. 偏转,偏斜deform v. 使变形degradation n. 降低de-gritting n. 脱砂Deposit . 矿床堆积物descent n . 下降, 降低de-sliming n. 脱泥detrimental a. 有害的,不利的dewatering [脱水(作用)diagonally ad. 延对角线地,斜地Dielectric 电介质, 绝缘体dilate v. 松散,膨胀Dilemma 进退两难,困境diminish v. 降低discern v. 分辨;辨识double-spiral concentrator 双螺旋选矿机drag force n . 拉力drum n. 鼓,滚筒eccentric a.;n. 偏心的;偏心轮eccentric sleeve 偏心套筒(管)ecological ad. 生态学地effective density n . 有效密度elastic n. 弹性elliptical a. 椭圆的elliptical a. 椭圆的,椭圆形的elongation n. 伸长,拉长emergent a. 紧急的、浮现的end product 最终产品energy output发热量enrichment ratio 富集比equilibrium n平衡excavate v. 挖掘;采掘exert v. 施加(力),作用(力)expound 详细说明,阐述extra-hard a. 特硬的extraneous moisture外在水份fan n. 叶片,扇,扇形feasible a. 可行的Ferromagnetic 铁磁的,强磁的fineness n. 细度flare v. ; n. 端部向外扩张flaw n. 裂隙float-sink test 浮沉试验flotation process 浮选工艺、浮选方法flotation tailings 浮选尾矿free settling n . 自由沉降free swelling index 自由膨胀指数friable a. 脆的,易碎的friction n. 摩擦(力)froth flotation 泡沫浮选galena n. 方铅矿Galena. [矿]方铅矿gallery n. 平台,隧道Gangues脉石(杂质矿物)gape n. 给矿口最大宽度gasification 气化Grade 品位grading screen n. 分级筛Graphite 石墨gravity separation 重力分离grindability n. 可磨性Grinding 磨矿grizzly n. 格筛ground. grind的过去式研磨,磨矿gypsum n. 石膏gyratory a. 旋回的hammer mill n. 锤式粉碎机hand selection 手选harmonic a.谐调的,谐波的headroom n. 净空heavy-duty machines 重型机械设备helical a. 螺旋(形)的helical n. 螺旋(状,形)的hematite n 赤铁矿high-tension separation高压电选hindered 干扰Hitherto 迄今,在此之前hollow a. 中空的,空心的hose n. 软管hutch n.(跳汰机)筛下室hydraulic classifier n. 水力分级机hydrogenation. 加氢,氢化(作用) Hydrometallurgical 湿法冶金学[术]的Hydroscopic 吸湿水份hydrosizer n. 水力分级机idling n. 空转,无效,无功ilmenite n. 钛铁矿immobile a. 不动的impact crusher n. 冲击式破碎机in accordance with 与…相一致in conjunction with 和…一起incorporate v. 结合,合并increment n. 增加[大],增量,增值index n. 索引,指标inherent moisture内在水份inlet n. 入口integrated a. 集成的,整体的inter-atomic bond 原子间键intergrown 共生Interlock v. 互锁intersection 交叉,交点,横断interstice n. 间隙Isomorphism n. 类质同像jaw n. 颚;颚板jig n. 跳汰机kinetic a. 动力学的lateral a. 横向的,侧面的launder n. 流槽,流槽选矿liberation离,释放,解放lifter n. 提升板lignite.褐煤lining n. 缸套,衬板linoleum n. 漆布,油毡lip n. 突出部分,边缘liquefaction. 液化locked 锁定的,连生的longitudinal a. 纵向的lump 块magnetic separation磁选manifest v.;a. 表明;明白的,显然的mantle n. ; v. 罩,套matrix n. 排列mechanical classifier n. 机械分级机mesh of grind 磨矿细度,磨矿粒度Metamorphic., 变质的/igneousmicron n. 微米middling 中矿,中级品(concentrate, tailings) Milling 磨, 制粉, 选矿misplaced a. 混杂的Module n. 模数,系数,组件monazite n. 独居石mould n. 模,铸造mounted a. 镶嵌的,装配好的moving screen n. 动筛muffle furnace马弗炉(闭式炉)multiple-deck a. 多层的multi-spigot a. 多排矿管(口)的near mesh 接近筛孔尺寸的、难筛的necessitate v. 使需要,迫使negligible a. 可忽略的;微不足道的neutralization n. 抵消,平衡nip v.咬(入),钳,挟nodular a. 结核状的,瘤状的nucleonic density gauge n 核子浓度表obscure a.含糊的,模糊的open-circuit n. 开路oscillate v. 振荡,振动overflow n . 溢流overgrind v. 过磨overgrind 过度粉碎,过磨oversize n. 筛上产品,过大粒度Paramagnetic 顺磁性的peat 泥煤、泥碳pebble n. 砾石peel off v. 拆除,剥落perforated a. 空心的,穿孔的perpendicular a. 垂直的phosphate 磷酸盐pinched sluice 尖缩溜槽pitman n. 连杆pivot n.; v. 枢轴;放在枢轴上plastic flow n. 塑性流动plug n.; v. 插销,塞子;堵塞ply. 厚度, 板层Polymorphism n.同质多象preconcentration 预选, 预富集project n.;v. 投影,抛射projection n. 凸(突、伸)出部分pronounced a. 显著的,propagation n. 传播pulp-density n 矿浆浓度pulsate v 脉动pulsion n. 脉动,推进pulverize. 粉碎,研磨成粉quarry n.;v. 采石场;采石quotient n.商,系数radially ad. 径向上ragging n. 跳汰机床层rake n. 耙子,刮板ratio of concentration 选矿比reagent n.药剂reciprocating a. 往复(式)的Recovery 回收,回收率rectangular a 矩形的reduction ratio 破碎比resilient a. 回弹的,恢复的retain v. 保留,保持retard [ri5tB:d] v. 减速,延迟,阻滞revolving screen n. 旋转筛riffle n. 槽,沟,格条riffled table 铺格条(来复条)的床面rigid surface 刚性表面roasting 煅烧, 焙烧roller crusher n. 辊式破碎机rotary a. 回转的,旋转的rubbish n. 夹杂物rugged a. 凹凸不平的rupture n. 破裂;断裂rutile n. 金红石scalping n筛出粗块scavenger n. 扫选机,扫选槽scraper n. 电铲screen mesh n. 筛孔,筛网screen 筛子,筛分机/筛sedimentary.沉积的, 沉淀性的segment] n. 段,部分,扇形体settling cone n. 沉降锥shaft n. 轴shaking screen n. 振动筛shaking table 摇床shale n. 页岩shear n. 剪切力shim n. 垫片sieve bend n. 弧形筛slime n. 矿泥slippage n. 滑移量,滑程,漏失slot n. 缝,口solidly ad. 实心地,整体地solvent extraction 溶剂萃取sorting column n . 分级柱Sorting 拣选,分拣Specific Energy比能specific gravity比重specular iron 镜铁矿Sphalerite.[矿]闪锌矿spider n. 星轮,十字架spigot n. 排料管,筛下产物排出口spigot product n . 沉砂产物spindle n. 心轴,彷锤,锭子spiral n. 螺旋流槽,螺旋选矿机splitter n. 分样器spring roll n. 弹簧辊碎机stack n. 竖管static screen n. 静止筛,固定筛stationary screen n. 固定筛steepness n. 陡度,坡度Stoke’s law n . 斯托克斯定律strain n. 应变,变形strata n.分层,地层stratification n. 分层(作用)stratify v. 使成层,使分层stress 压力, 应力stroke n. 冲程,撞击sub-bituminous coal 亚烟煤submerge v. 浸没,淹没,浸在水中successive a. 接连的,相继的suction n. 吸入(作用)Surface moisture表面水份surfactant n. 表面活性剂swelling v. 膨胀swing jaw n. 摆动颚,动颚swirling a. 涡流的,旋流的synchronization n.同步syngas. 合成气talc n. 滑石tangentially ad. 成切线tank n. 槽,池taper n.;v. 缩成锥形,尖灭,逐渐缩小tar 焦油tensile n. 张力;拉力terminal velocity n . 末速tertiary a. 第三的,第三段Thickener 浓密机throughput n. 处理能力,通过能力titanium-bearing 含钛的toggle n. 肘板,曲柄total moisture 全水份tramp a. 夹杂的,流入的tray n. 盘,托盘,垫座tray n. 托架,滑槽trommel n. 圆筒筛trommel screen n. 滚筒筛,转筒筛trough n. 沟,槽,池trunnion n. 耳轴,轴颈,十字头tumbling mills 滚筒磨矿机turbulent resistance n . 紊流阻力ultra-fine超细的undersize n. 筛下产品uranothorite n. 铀钍矿valuable mineral 有用矿物valve n. 阀,活门valve n. 阀(门)velocity n . 速度vibration mill n. 振动式磨机viscosity n . 粘性, 粘度viscous a . 粘的, 粘性的viscous resistance n . 粘滞阻力volatile. 挥发性的vortex n. 涡流,旋涡vortex finder n. 旋涡溢流管washing plant n. 洗矿车间,洗矿厂wedge n. ;v. 楔形;楔固(牢)weir n. 导流堰,溢流堰work index n. 功指数zircon n. 锆石Aabrasion 磨耗accumulation 堆积物acrylic 丙烯酸的activate 活化,刺激activated carbon 活性炭activation 活化作用activator 活化剂adhere 粘着adhesion 粘附adhesion 粘合adhesion 粘着,粘附adjacent 邻近adjacent 相邻的,邻近的adjustable 可调节的adsorbent 吸附剂advent 出现aeration 充气aeration 充气aerofloat 黑药(捕收剂)aerophilic 亲气的aerophilic 亲气的aerophobic 疏气的affinity 亲和力agglomerate 凝聚aggregate 填料agitation 搅拌agitation 搅拌air-avid property 亲水性alkaline 碱性alkaline 碱性alkyl sulfate 烷基硫酸盐allotrope 同素异形体alloy 合成alloy 合金alluvial 冲击aluminosilicate 铝硅酸盐amalgamation 混汞法amine protein 氨蛋白amine 胺amino group 氨基amorphous 无定形的ampere 安培amyl 戊基analogous 类似的ancillary 辅助anion 负离子anionic 阴离子的anionic 阴离子的,带负电的annular 环形的apex 沉砂口apparent viscosity 表观粘度apparent 外观上的applicable 适用的appraisal 评价appraisal 评价,估计approximately 接近地aqua regia 王水aqueous chemical extraction process 湿法化学提取arcing 电弧作用aromatic alcohol 芳香醇arsenic 砷的,含砷的arsenopyrite 毒砂arsenopyrite 砷黄铁矿,毒砂artificial satellites 人造卫星asbestos石棉ascend 提升assay 试验assess 评定astronauts 宇航员asymmetric 不对称的,不均匀的at will 任意的atomize 雾化,粉化attrition 磨损augment 增加auric 金的,含金的,三价金的auride 金化物aurocyanide complex 氰化金络合物aurocyanide 氰亚金酸盐aurous 亚金的,一价金的aurum 金availability 来源axis 轴线azurite 蓝铜矿Bback-fill 回填(料)back-filling 回填baffle 导流板,栅板balium 钡barite 重晶石barren 贫瘠的batch flotation cell 单槽浮选机bath (重介质)分选槽beach sand 海滨砂beamed 定向的bismuth 铋blade 叶片,刀刃blend 混合blower 鼓风机boil 沸腾bonding sites 活性点borax 硼砂boron 硼borrowed fill 外来料bowl 滚筒brass tube 黄铜管bridge thickener 桥梁式浓密机bromide 溴化物bromoform 溴仿,三溴甲烷bronze 青铜bubble 气泡bulk-oil floatation 全油浮选bullion 金块by convention 按照惯例by virtue of 根据Ccaesium 铯cake filter 饼式过滤机calacerite 碲金矿calcined 煅烧calcite 方解石calcium fluoride 氟化钙calcium hydroxide 氢氧化钙calibrated orifice plate 调节孔板caloium 钙capital 资本carbon disulphide 二硫化碳carbon tetrachloride 四氯化碳carbonaceous 碳质的carbon-in-leach 炭浸法carbon-in-pulp process 炭浆法carbonyl 羰基carboxyl 羧基carboxylate 羧酸盐carnallite 光卤石cascade cell 喷流槽,泻落槽cassiterite 锡石catalyst 催化剂cater 满足cationic 阳离子的caustic 腐蚀性的cement 水泥centrifugal 离心的centrifugal 离心的centrifuge 离心机ceramics 陶瓷业cerussite 白铅矿chalcopyrite 黄铜矿chamber or recessed plate filter press 箱式或凹板式压缩机charcoal 木炭chemisortion 化学吸附作用chlorauric 氯金酸chlorination 氯化,用氯气处理chute 斜槽chute 装矿溜口circuit 回路circulating loads 循环负荷clarification filter 澄清式过滤机clarifier 澄清机clarifying capacity 澄清能力clarity 透明clean 精选cleaner cell 精选槽cleaner 品位高clerici solution 克列里奇夜coagulant 凝聚剂,凝结剂coagulation 凝结,凝聚coagulation 凝聚coagulator 凝聚剂coal preparation engineer 选煤工程师coalescing 兼并cobbing 粗选coconut shells 椰子壳collection 回收collection 收集collectors 捕收剂collidal 胶体collide 碰撞collide 碰撞collieries 煤矿colloidal 胶体colloidal 胶体的come into contact with 与- -接触commercial scale工业规模compatible 兼容,共处compensate 补偿complete 完全的complexant 配位剂component 组件compound 化合物compressed 扁平的comprise 包括concentration 浓度concurrent low-intensity magnetic separator 顺流式弱磁选机conditioning 调浆conducting particles 导电颗粒conductor grain 导体颗粒confined 限制connote 意味着constituents 成分constituents 组分,成分contact angle 接触角contamanant 污染物质,杂质contaminate 污染,混杂contaminated 受污染的contamination 污染controversial 有争议的conventional 常规的,常见的conventional 常见的conventional 常见的converge 集中converging field 收敛磁场converse 聚合conversely 相反的copper matte 冰铜copper sulphate 硫酸铜copper sulphide 硫化铜corona discharge 电晕放电corresponding 一致的,相应的corrosion resistant 耐腐蚀corrosion 腐蚀corrosion 腐蚀,侵蚀corrosive 腐蚀性的counter current decantation 逆流洗涤counter-current 半逆流counter-ion 反离子counter-rotation 逆流式covalent 共价的cresol 甲酚crest 顶端cresylic acid 甲酚酸crucible 坩埚crystal lattice 晶格crystallization 结晶cumulative 累积的cupellation 灰吹法cyanide 氰化物cyanide 氰化物cylinder 圆柱体cylindrical 圆柱的cylindroconical 圆柱圆锥型Ddecant 澄清的definite 明确的degradation 降解,退化,分解depleted 贫化,耗尽depress 抑制depression 抑制剂descending 下降的detachment 分离,脱离dewater 浓缩,脱水dextrin 糊精diagrammatically 用图表地,概略地diamagnetic 逆磁性diffused 扩散dilute 减少,稀释dilute 稀释diluted 稀释dipole 偶极direct flotation 正浮选discarded 丢弃discrete particles 分散颗粒dispersant 分散剂dispersed 分散dispersing 分散disposal 处理disseminate 传播disseminated 散布的dissipate 驱散dissipate 驱散dissociate 游离,分离dissolve 溶解distillation 蒸馏distillation 蒸馏distributor 分配器,分矿器dithiocarbonate 二硫代碳酸盐dithioposphate 二硫代磷酸盐dixantthogen 双黄药dore bullion 金锭dosage 用量doses 剂量double-layer 双电层downstream tailings dam 下流式(顺流式)尾矿坝drag force (介质)阻力drain 排出drain 排水,流干drainage 排水drastically 彻底地drive shaft 驱动轴drum magnetic separator 筒式磁选机duct 管道ductile 易延展的,柔软的dust 粉尘Ee.m.u system 电磁单位制earthed 接地的ecological 生态的effluent 污水,废水electrical conductivity 导电率,电导率electrode assembly 电极装置,电极组electrode 电极electrodeposition 电沉积electrolysis 电解electrolyte 电解质electrolytic depression 电解质抑制剂electromagnetic coil 电磁线圈electromagnetic separator 电磁磁选机electronegative 电负性的electro-refining 电解精炼electrostatic separation 静电分选electrostatic separator 静电分选机electrostatic 静电electrowinning 电积electrowinning 电积electrum 银金矿,金银合金eliminate 排除eliminated 淘汰elution 解吸elution 洗提,解吸emerged 出现empirical 经验的emulsion 乳状液entrain 夹杂envisage 处理,正视equivalent 等价的eroded 侵蚀ester 酯ethers 醚ethyl 乙基evanescent 易破的evolve 进化exclusion 排斥exotic 外来的,奇异的exploration 勘探exponent 指数external 外部的extraction 抽提,提取Ffacilitate 促进facilitate 助长,促进facilities 设备fast-floating 易浮的fatty acid 脂肪酸feasibility 可行性feebly 弱ferromagnetic 铁磁性的ferrosilicon 硅铁合金ferrous mineral 黑色金属矿物filter cake 滤饼filter 过滤filter 过滤机filtration 过滤filtration 过滤flange 法兰flat magnetic pole 平面磁极floatability 可浮性floatability 可浮性floatation cell 浮选槽floc 絮状物,絮团flocculant 絮凝剂flocculate 絮凝,凝结flocculation or agglomeration 团聚,絮凝flocculation 絮凝flocculation 絮凝flocculent 絮凝剂flotation circuit and machines 浮选回路及浮选设备flotation circuit 浮选回路,浮选流程flotation column 浮选柱flowsheet 工艺流程图flowsheet 流程fluctuations 波动,起伏flung 投掷,扔fluorite 萤石fluxes 助熔剂foamy 泡沫fouling 污染fragment 碎屑,碎片free-fall 自由落体free-milling ores 易选矿石frictional 摩擦的froth flotation 泡沫浮选frother 起泡剂Frothers 起泡剂fume 烟雾,冒烟fumes 烟气furnace lining 炉衬furnace 炉Ggalena 方铅矿gap 间隙gas phase 气相gaseous ionization 气体离子化gassy 含气的gelatine 胶质,白明胶Gibbs free energy 吉布斯自由能glass fibre 玻璃纤维glass sand 玻璃砂glue 胶水glycol 乙二醇gold cyanide leaching 黄金的氰化浸出gold film 金薄gold inventory 金的滞留量gold melting 黄金冶炼gold refining 黄金精炼gradient 梯度gram 克graphically 生动的graphite 石墨graphite 石墨graphite 石墨gravitate 吸引gravity field 重力场ground 研磨grounded 接地的guar gum 古阿胶Hhalide 卤化物Hallimond tube 哈里蒙特浮选管halogens 卤素hazart 危害,危险heap or dump leaching 堆浸helmet 头盔hematite 赤铁矿hematite 赤铁矿heteropolar 异极性的hexyl 己基high gradient magnetic separator(HGMS)高梯度磁选机high-tension electrostatic separator 高压静电分选机high-tension separator 高压电选机hindered settling 干涉沉降hollow 空心的horizontal belt filter 水平带式过滤机humidity 湿度hydrated layer 水化层hydro cyclone 水利旋流器hydrocarbon 烃,碳氢化合物hydrodynamic 流体阻力hydrogen cyanide 氰化氢hydrolyses 水解hydrometallurgical 湿法冶金学的hydrophobic 疏水的hydrophobic 疏水的hydrostatic head 水力静压头hydrothermal 热液hydroxide 氢氧化镁Iigneous rock 火成岩ilmenite 钛铁矿ilmenite 钛铁矿imparted 给予,传递impeller 叶轮implemented 实施,应用imposed 施加的,应用的impound 筑坝堵水impurities 杂质impurity 杂质in preference to 优先于inactivation 钝化inches 英尺incombustible material 非可燃物incorporate 合并incorporated 包含incremental 增加的induce 引起induced roll magnetic separator 感应辊式磁选机induction furnace 感应炉inertial 惯性的inertness 惰性infared 红外的inherently 固有的,内在的initial interfacial energy 初态界面能initial 最初inquarted 分银法(熔银分金法)integrally 完整的intensity of magnetization 磁化强度intensive leaching 强化浸出interface 界面interfacial tensile force 表面张力interfere 阻碍,干涉interparticle 粒子间inverted 倒置的iodide 碘化物ionogenic polar group 离子化极性基iron-bearing 含铁的isobutyl 异丁基isopropyl 异丙基Jjet aircraft 喷气式飞机jewelry 首饰Jones wet-intensity magnetic separator 琼斯湿式强磁选机jute 黄麻纤维Kkarat 开kerosene 煤油kinetics 动力学krennerite 白碲金银矿Llagoon 尾矿池lamination 薄片lead chromate 铬酸铅leak 泄露leftover 剩下的Lesson FiveLesson Fivelesson FourLesson FourLesson FourLesson OneLesson OneLesson one magnetic separation 磁力分选Lesson one 重介质分选原理Lesson SevenLesson SixLesson ThreeLesson threeLesson ThreeLesson threeLesson Threelesson TwoLesson TwoLesson TwoLesson TwoLesson Twolethal 致命的lever 杠杆Levitation 浮起,升起liable 易于lifting effect 提升效应limestone 石灰石lines of force 磁力线linoleic acid 亚麻酸lipides 油脂liquor 液体,溶液liter 升litharge 一氧化铅loading 负荷,给料lode 脉,矿脉longitudinal 纵向的low-intensity magnetic separator 弱磁选机Mmagnesite 菱镁矿magnetic field gradient 磁场梯度magnetic field 磁场magnetic floc 磁絮团,磁团聚magnetic induction 磁感应强度magnetic permeability 磁导率magnetic remanence 顽磁magnetic separator 磁力分选设备magnetic susceptibility 磁化率,磁化系数magnetism 磁性,磁力magnetite 磁铁矿magnetohydrostatic 流体静力学magnetomotive force 磁动力magnitude 大小magnitude 量级,大小malachite 孔雀石Malaysia 马来西亚malleable 有延展性的manganese dioxide 二氧化锰manufacture 制造medium-cleaning 介质-净化mercaptan 硫醇mercury 水银mercury 水银mesh 网目methyl isobutyl carbinol 甲基异丁基甲醇methylene 二碘甲烷mild steel 低碳钢milk of lime 石灰乳mined-out area 采空区mineralization of air bubble 气泡的矿化mineralization 矿化minute grains 微小颗粒miscellaneous 多种多样的miscible 混熔misplaced material混杂物料moisture resistant 水分含量molecular 分子的molybdenite 辉钼矿molybdenum 钼monetary 货币的monolayer 单层monomer 单体monomolecular sheath 单分子层motor 马达mounted 安装multi-layers 多层的multiple 多样的muthmannite 板碲金银矿mutual 相互的Nnagyagite 叶碲矿naked eye 肉眼nanoparticle 纳米naphthenic 环烷酸near-density materials 近比重物料negative polarity 负极negative 负的negligible 可以忽略的neutral 中性neutral 中性neutralize 中和nitrate 硝酸盐nitric acid 硝酸nitrogen 氮noble 高贵的non-ferrous metals 有色金属non-ferrous mineral 有色金属矿物nugget 天然金块nylon 尼龙Oobsolete 过时的occurrence 存在状态,赋存状态Oersted 奥斯特oleic acid 油酸open pit 露天矿open-pit mines 露天矿opposed 相对的optimization 最佳的orifice 孔original 最初的orth-phosphate 正磷酸盐ounc 盎司outlet 出口overflow lip 溢流口overflow weir 溢流堰oxhydryl 羟基oxidation stage 氧化态Ppaddle 挡板paddle 闸板,叶片pan filter盘式过滤机parallel 平行paramagnetic salt 顺磁性的盐paramagnetic 顺磁性parameter 参数parameters 参数partition 分配,分布patented 专利peat 泥炭percolates 浸透,渗出performance 性能perimeter 周边periodic table 周期表peripheral 辅助资料,其他资料periphery drive mechanism 周边传动装置permanent magnetic separator 永磁磁选机permeable base 有孔底板permeable 有渗透性的petzite针碲银矿,碲金银矿pH modifier pH调整剂phenol 苯酚phosphate rock 磷酸盐phsico-chemical 物理化学的pick-up 抽吸作用pine oil 松节油pinning effect 吸附效应plate and frame filter press 板框式压缩机plating 镀层,电镀platinum group 铂族platinum 铂plotted 绘制plunge 浸没pneumatic machine 充气浮选机polarity 极性polarity 极性polarity 正负极pollutant 污染物polyacrylamide 聚丙烯酰胺polyelectrolyte 聚合电解质polyglycols 聚乙二醇polymer 聚合体polymeric 高分子的porcelain 瓷器pores 孔pores 孔隙,毛孔porosity 孔隙率porous medium 多孔介质porous 多孔的potassium dichromate 重铬酸钾potassium ethyl xanthate 乙基钾黄药potassium 钾practicable 可行的preceding 之前的precipitate 沉淀precipitated 沉淀precipitation 沉淀precise 精确的preclude 阻止preconditioning 预处理,预先调浆preferentially 优先地pregnant solution 母液preliminary 初步的pressure filter 压滤机profitable 有益的progressive 先进的provision 措施proximity 接近,邻近pseudo-sulphide 准硫化物pulp 矿浆pumping 抽pumps 泵pure 纯purification 提纯purifying 净化pyrometallurgy 热冶学pyrrhotite 雌黄铁矿pyrrhotite 雌黄铁矿pyrrotite 雌黄铁矿Qquebracho 白雀树皮汁quiescent 静止的Rradial vaned wheel 径向叶片railway ballast 道碴rake 倾斜,耙子,刮板raking mechanism 耙动机构rayon 人造丝reagent 试剂recirculated 循环的rectify 整流reducing agent 还原剂reef 矿脉refined 提炼reflector 反射体regulate 调节regulator 调整剂regulator 调整剂rejection 丢弃remanence 剩磁,剩余磁感应repelled 排斥repellent 疏水的reprocessing 再处理repulsion 排斥repulsion 排斥repulsive 排斥residue 残留物resilient 回弹的,弹性的resilient 有回弹力的,能恢复原态的resin acid 树脂酸resin 树脂restrict 限制retained 保持retard 阻止,延缓retarding 阻碍reversal 逆转reversal 逆转,反向reverse flotation 反浮选reverse 反向rigidity 刚度,刚体roast 焙烧rotary kiln 回转炉rotary thermal dryer 回转热力干燥机rotary-disc filter 转盘式过滤机rotary-drum filter 回转筒式过滤机rotor 转子rough 粗选rougher 粗选槽rubidium 铷rutile deposit 金红石矿床Ssaponin 皂角苷scanning electron microscope 扫描电子显微镜scaper 刮板scavenge 扫选scavenger 扫选槽scheelite 白钨矿scheelite 白钨矿schist 片岩scouring 冲洗,精炼scraper 刮刀screening filter 筛式过滤机scroll 螺旋sedimentary rock 沉积岩sedimentation 沉淀,沉降segment 段,链段,片段seismic 地震selective 可选的self-cementing 自身粘合semi-autogenous 半自磨机settle into 沉降settling aid 沉降助剂settling aid 沉降助剂settling rate 沉降速度shaft 轴shale 页岩shallow 浅的sharp separation 精细分选shear force 剪切力shear 剪切side reaction 副反应siderite 菱镁矿sift out 淘汰silica 硅石siliceous 硅酸盐siliceous 含硅的,硅质的simulaneously 同时地sink launder 沉物槽sink-and-float process 浮-沉过程skin flotation 表层浮选slime coating 矿泥罩盖slime 流动,黏slipstream 气流slope 倾斜的slopes 斜率sloping 倾斜的slow-floating 难浮的sludge-well 排矿井sluiced into 流出smelted 精炼smithsonite 菱锌矿soda ash 苏打灰sodium bisulphite 亚硫酸钠sodium borate 硼酸钠sodium carbonate 碳酸钠sodium carbonate 碳酸钠sodium hydroxide 氢氧化钠sodium nitrate 硝酸钠sodium oleate 油酸钠sodium silicate 硅酸钠solely 仅仅solubility 溶解性spacecraft 航天器spans 贯穿sphalerite 闪锌矿sphalerite 闪锌矿splitter plate 分矿板,分隔板sponge 海绵spontaneous 自发的spray pipe 喷嘴stable 稳定stablised 使坚固stainless steel 不锈钢standpipe 喉管starch 淀粉starch 淀粉static 静止的static 静止的steady 稳定的stibnite 辉锑矿stirrer 搅拌器stirrer 搅拌器stoichiometric 化学计量stope 采矿场strontium 锶sub-aeration machine 底部充气浮选机submerged 淹没substantial 实质上,大体上sud 肥皂泡,泡沫sulfated detergent 硫酸化洗涤剂sulfhydryl 硫基sulfide 硫化物sulfonate 磺酸盐sulfonated castor acid 磺化蓖麻油sulphidation 硫化作用sulphide 硫化物sulphidiser 硫化剂sulpho group 硫基sulphocyanate 硫氰酸sulphonated detergent 磺酸化洗涤剂sulphuric acid 硫酸super conducting intensity magnetic separator 超导磁选机supercharging 增压superconducting 超导的superficial 表面的supplementary 补充的,附加的support bearing 支撑轴承surface charge 表面电荷surfactant 表面活性剂surge tank 缓冲槽,振动箱survive 存在susceptibility 磁化率,灵敏性susceptible 易受影响的susceptivity 灵敏性,敏感性suspended 悬浮suspension 悬浮体,悬浮液sustain 维持sylvanite 针碲金银矿sylvite 钾盐symthetic 合成Ttabulated 制表tailings disposal 尾矿处理tailings impoundment 尾矿池take no account of 不考虑talc 滑石tangential 切向的tannin 丹宁tendency 倾向terminal interfacial energy 终态界面能terpineol 萜品醇,松油醇tesla 特斯拉tetrabromoethane 四溴乙烷tetrachloride 四氯化物tetramethylammonium 四甲基铵thallium formate 甲酸亚铊thallium malonate 丙二酸铊therimic regeneration 热再生thermal drying 热力干燥thermal 热的thermodynamics 热力学thick 浓的thickener 浓密机。
(完整word版)颗粒包装机毕业设计的外文翻译

Packing machinery developmentOur country packs the mechanical profession start in the 20th century 70's, and the 90's intermediate stages obtains the rapid development in the end of the 80's. Has become in the mechanical industry one of 10 big professions, regardless of is the output, in the variety, has all obtained the amazing achievement, packed the industry for our country the fast development to provide the powerful safeguard. At present, our country has become the world packing mechanical industrial production and expends one of great nations.Current our country food and a packing machinery prominent question is the new product development cycle long, imitates much, innovates few, not only this with designs personnel's state-of-art related, also concerns with the correlation profession development. The international advanced method utilizes the simulation technology, by the computer automatic synthesis three-dimensional model, will pass has occurred production line breakdown data feeds the computer, then will demonstrate the actual operating mode, according to will need to carry on the revision in front of the user, finally will consummate. The packing machinery took one product, its meaning is not merely the product itself material significance, but is includes the form product, the stealth product and extends the product 3 meanings. The form product is refers to packaging machine itself the concrete shape and the basic function; The stealth product is refers to the packaging machine the actual utility which provides to the user; Extends the product is refers to the packaging machine the quality assurance, the use instruction and the post-sale service and so on. Therefore the packaging machine design should include: Market investigation and study, schematic diagram design, structural design, construction drawing design, instruction for use compilationand post-sale service predetermined plan and so on.The new packing machinery often is machine, the electricity, the gas integration equipment. The full use information product newest achievement, uses air operated separation transmission technologies and so on implementing agency, servo motor-driven, may cause the complete machine the transmission chain to reduce greatly, the structure is greatly the simplification, the work precision and the speed enhances greatly. One of key technologies has used the multi-electrical machinery dragging synchronization control technology. Actually grasps this kind of technology not very difficultly, only is some designs the personnel not to understand the packing machinery this trend of development. If beforehand our country packs the machine design is the imitation, the study stage, then we should have the innovation design consciousnessnow.“十五” period, our country packs the mechanical industrial development to be rapid, in recent years imports the equipment all is domestic cannot make or the manufacture level is far from, may see our disparity from the import to be at. Food security problem whole nation attention. “十一五” period should enhance food security domain the science and technology and the equipment level, the development fast, in accurate appraisal food harms the factor the technology and the equipment, further researches anddevelops the pathogenic microorganism resistance, cause of disease prevention technologies and the preserve technology and the equipment and so on control. Food and the packing machinery form the profession already for 20 years, is opposite in food packing, a new profession. This 20 years also are the world technological development quickest times, the new technology applies unceasingly in the profession, but the domestic profession foundation is weak, technical and the scientific research lack of strength, its development relative lag, has towed food and the packing industry hind leg to a certain extent. Although overall development quick, but food packing mechanical industrial development is quicker.the goal is must reduce this space, catches up with the world advanced level for the food industry, for causes the packing great nation to make great strides forward to the packing powerful nation, provides the advanced technical equip, lets import the equipment the role which only plays in the domestic market appropriates lost articles fills a vacancy. This request domestic food and the packing machinery year development speed surpasses 18%, the new product output value rate achieves 25%. On the international packing and food machinery development is take the big customer request as the goal, the impetus correlation machinery development. The big customer request mainly manifests in the below aspect: One, is higher well to the production efficiency request. This may reduce the product the cost, satisfies the date of delivery. The high speed packaging machine request must have the correlation engagement with the first working procedure, does not have to transport the link, including the control engagement, the entire production line must achieve the inverted order according to the production and the packing working procedure arrangement to start, smooth engine off. If Leng Guanzhuang the production line makes something a matter of political line automatically from the plastic raw material to the drink fills installs, the big packing piles buttress completely automatically in seals up in the workshop to carry on. Two, may adapt the product renewal change. The packing machinery must have the very high flexibility and the flexibility, the production line permission the packing material size may change in certain size scope. Because product life cycle far short in useful life of equipment, change product and packing not as for replacement expensive packing production line. Three is the equipment common breakdown rapid elimination. The solution inputs the computer in advance, when the equipment appears the common breakdown may diagnose voluntarily, also may implement the long-distance diagnosis to eliminate the breakdown abreast in row. Four, the request has the automatic diagnosis function. On the one hand may automatic diagnosis packing material thickness, degree of hardness, the counter-tension and so on, feed back through the computer to the manipulator adjusts the movement scope, does not guarantee the resilience. On the other hand, each different product, like shape each different chocolate or the dessert and so on, install to the identical box in, its arrangement is orderly. The production line transmits the product is a disorder, the available probe head scanning, determined the different shape the material position, feeds back again to the different manipulator, it can accurately unmistakably puts in the goods according to the accurate position and the direction in the tray, moreover, removes the manual control quickly the visionand finger weariness. Five, may reduce the environmental pollution as far as possible. The reduction including the noise, the dust pollution, and reduces the reject as far as possible, this point especially is important in the food processing process. Food raw material when processing not only harvests the main product, like corn processing, product besides corn starch, but also has the corn oil, the salad oil, the margarine, the glucose, the corn protein and the feed, as well as the sewage treatment and so on produces the entire process, is the automation. Does not have the reject, not to pollute, other product value has surpassed the corn starch greatly the value.Along with the science and technology development and the market competition aggravating, the customer demand more and more is also high. This kind of demand manifests in following several aspects: One, enhances the production efficiency, satisfies the date of delivery and reduces the production cost the need, to some products, but also requests the packing machinery and the production machinery links up; Two, is meets the product renewal change need, the packing machinery must have the high flexibility and the flexibility; Three is when the equipment appears the breakdown, the request can carry on the long-distance diagnosis service; Four, favors the environmental protection, the noise, the dust and the reject are few; Five is the equipment purchase investment are as far as possible few, the price must be as far as possible low. Therefore, must certainly in the market investigation and study foundation, the full understanding, analyze the user earnestly the demand, the definite packaging machine should complete the function and each technical specification, draw up the preliminary principle design proposal.The modern packaging machine design process should include: The market investigation and study, the user demand analysis, the packaging machine function determination, the feasible proof, the formulation design proposal, the user benefit analysis, the plan feasible proof, the schematic diagram design, the structural design, the construction drawing design, the prototypical manufacture (hypothesized manufacture), the technical confirmation and the construction drawing revise, the formulation post-sale service predetermined plan and the long-distance diagnosis plan, the improvement design, the serialized design and so on. .The market investigation and study is the foundation work which all packaging machines design. Without the market investigation and study, we do all design work all possibly is equal to the zero. The market investigation and study, may according to the policy guidance, the profession supply and demand information, the expert analyze, the profession unfolds clues and so on meeting, technical meeting, found the user the demand information, after and reorganizes the analysis, the definite packaging machine should complete function. In the principle project design process, first must understand fully the related information product, the electronic products function, understood the air operated part the performance, and uses to simplify the mechanical drive system, but also may use the multi-electrical machinery dragging to reduce the mechanical transmission chain. Regarding the essential mechanical drive system, should make the best the modernized design method, in to product functional analysis foundation in, throughinnovation idea, system modelling, mechanical analysis, dynamic optimization, thus obtains the best design proposal. The technical design is the principle design structurization, definite spare part quantity, the shape, the size, the material and so on, the essential components carry on the power computation, the power computation, the strength calculation, the rigidity computation to the major component in.When system design, must consider the entire packaging machine system comprehensively the layout, the movement coordination, the modelling design, the human - machine environment as well as the packing transportation and so on. The modular design is one advanced design method, its core thought is divides into systematically according to the function certain modules, the identical function unit designs the packaging machine in has the module which the different performance, may exchange, through the module different combination, causes the packaging machine multi-purpose, the seriation. Uses this method the merit is: (1) makes the packaging machine renewal speed to speed up. Because of the new type substitution, often is the partial improvement. The vanguard technology introduction corresponding module, compared with easy to realize the partial improvement; (2) reduction design cycle. After the user proposed the request, only must replace the module, or the design manufacture partial modules, then obtain the new type, meets the user need; (3) reduces the cost, is advantageous for the service; (4) performance stable reliable. Because time module design, to the packaging machine function division and the module design, has conducted the careful research, has guaranteed the module performance, for example: Cam gear, servo, examination system, transmission system, control system, measurement organization, yummytreats organization and so on. .other packing machinery seriation, modular profession standard, also arrived should formulate, the packing machinery has become our country one of ten big mechanical professions, but serialized, the modular profession standard formulation will certainly to promote our country to pack on the mechanical profession cross new stair.包装机械的发展我国包装机械行业起步于20世纪70年代,在80年代末和90年代中期得到迅速发展。
纸业专业英语词汇翻译(S3)_新闻传媒英语词汇

screen slot 筛孔screened tender 筛浆工sereenability 筛选性能screened stock 已筛浆料,细浆screened yield 筛选得率,细浆得率screening reject 筛渣screenings 筛渣,浆渣screenings refiner 筛渣再磨机screenman 筛浆工,精选工screw 螺旋;螺杆,螺丝;螺钉screw conveyer 螺旋输送机screw conveyer trough 螺旋输送机底槽screw driver 螺丝起子,螺丝刀,改锥screw elevator 螺丝提升机screw feeder 螺旋喂料器screw press 螺旋压榨screw press for dehydrating bark 螺旋式树皮压榨机screw press washer 螺旋型传感器screw type sensor 螺旋型传感器serim 粗布,麻布scripset 马来酐与苯乙烯共聚物script 低质书写纸scroll (动物皮胶)皮屑scrub oak (quercus ilicifolia wangenheim) 冬青叶栎scrub pine (pinus virginiana l.) 威忌州松scrubber 洗涤器,洗涤塔scrubbing tower 洗涤塔scuff resistance 起毛抗阻性;耐擦性能scuff test 耐擦性试验scuffing (纸张)起毛scum 浮渣;去除浮渣scum mark 油(脂)斑(点)(纸病)scumming 印刷版面沾污,糊版scumming roll 电动调向辊scurf resistance 耐磨强度scutching 梳打seal 封贴;密封seal pit 封闭纹孔seal tank 水封槽sealability 胶粘性sealant 胶粘剂sealer 胶粘器;密封器sealing 密封;封贴sealing machine 封口机;密封机swaling ring 密封环sealing tape 胶粘带sealing wax 火漆seam 线缝;缝合;焊合;铆合;裂开seaming 缝合,接缝seamless 无缝seasonal ring 年轮seasoned wood 风化材seasoning 风化seasoning crack 干裂seasoning tank 脱盐槽seaweed 海藻second growth wood 短小木材second hand 压榨工second press 第二压榨second press felt 第二压榨毛毯second sheets 拷贝纸;副页second sorting 二浆选别second wash 二段洗涤second white shavings 二级白纸纸边secondary acetate 仲醇酸酯secondary action 副作用secondary air 二次风,次级空气secondary air duct 二次风道secondary alcohol 仲醇secondary fiber 二次纤维,废纸secondary forest 次生林secondary growth 二次生长,直径生长secondary headbox 第二流浆箱,副流浆箱secondary hydroxyl group 仲醇羟基secondary phloem 次生韧皮部secondary ray 次生射线secondary reaction 次级反应secondary screen 二道筛secondary steam 二次蒸汽secondary stock 二次纤维,废纸浆secondary treatment 二级处理secondary wall 次生壁secondary winding 复卷seconds 次品sectional (individual) drive (多电机)分部传动security measures 安全措施sediment 沉积(物)sedimentation 沉降,沉积sedimentation capacity 沉降能力sedimentation pond 沉降池sedimentation potential 沉积电势sedimentation test 沉降试验sedimentation tester 沉降试验器seed 种子seed bed 种子床seed cotton 原棉seed fiber 种子纤维seed hair fiber 种毛纤维seeding 粒状色斑(纸病)seedling 种子繁殖seepage 渗出segment 节;段;部分;断片;弓形segment cutting 分段裁切selectifier (screen)))) 旋翼筛selection forest 择伐林selectivity 选择性selector 选择器selectrap 卧式圆筒除渣器selectrifiner 磨选机self-doctoring roll 自动刮刀辊self-grinding machine 自动磨床self-ignition 自燃self priming 自动吸引self priming pump 自吸泵self-regulation 自动调节self-sealing wrapping 自封包装self-soured casein 自行发酝酪素selleger reagent selleger染色剂selvage 边缘;织边;(纸卷准备切去的)边semi-bending chip 草浆纸板制纸箱semi-bleached 半漂semi-bordered pit pair 半具缘纹孔对semi-chemical bleaching 半化学浆漂白semi-chemical corrugating medium 半化学浆瓦楞芯层semi-conductor 半导体semi-continuous 半连续性semi-manufactured product 半成品semi-opaque 半透明semi-permeable membrane 半渗透薄膜semi-ring porouswood 半环孔材semi-shrub 小灌木;亚灌木semi-synthetic fiber 半合成纤维semimat 半光泽sensing head 传感器,探头sensitive film 感光胶卷ssensitivity 敏感性,灵敏度,灵敏性sensitizer 敏化剂sensor 传感器;传感元件;探测器,探测设备sensor amplifier 读出放大器separan 高分子絮凝剂(商业名称)separate beating 分别打浆separator 分离器,分离塔sequence 序列;程序sequence control 程序控制,序列控制sequencing 排列程序,程序设计sequoua 红杉seriated 齿轮的;齿状的series 序列;系列;数列;级数series circuit 串联电路serigraphy 绢布印刷service 服务;保养;检修service life 使用寿命service shop 机修车间service side 操作侧,操作面servo-mechanism 伺服机构set 凝固;放置;装置;安装set-asides 废料;废纸set-off 衬垫纸;在邻近纸页上构成铅字印痕set screw 固定螺丝set time 凝固时间set-up box 折叠纸箱set-up drinking cup 折叠式纸杯set value 给定值;凝固值setting 凝固;装置;安装;调整setting device 落刀装置setting mortar 灰泥凝固setting pressure 落刀压力setting time 凝固时间setting up 安装,安设settling basin 沉降池,澄清池settling off 涂料过多;油墨过多settling tank 澄清槽seventy-two mo 72开sewage 污水,污物;用污水灌溉sewer 下水道,排水沟sewer loss 随排水的流失sewer valve 排污阀sexto-decimo 16开sextuple effect 六效蒸发器shade 色调shade craft watermark 阴暗水印shade magching room 调色室shading 色泽shadow mark (真空压榨吸水欠均匀的)湿痕(纸病)shaft 轴;树干,茎shaft hesd 轴头shaftless winder 无轴式复卷机shake 振动shake amplitude 振幅shake frequency 振次,振动频率shake unit 振动装置shaker 振动器shaker knot screen 振动除节机shaker type (flat) chip screen 振动式木片平筛shaker type straw duster 谷草振动除尘机shaking 振动(的)shaking conveyer 振动式运输机shaking device 振动器shaking screen 振动筛shaking table 振动网案shale 页岩,板岩shallow dam 挡板;隔板shangles 胶料亮斑(纸病)sharp beating 游离状打浆sharp-edged 锐端sharp stone 锐石sharp tackle 锐刀;重刀打浆sharpener 磨刀器sharpening 刻石sharpening device 刻石器sharper 牛头刨sharpness 锐度shalter 震裂;碎片shartle hydraclone 自动排渣涡旋除渣器shartle machine 剥皮机;刨薄片机shavings 纸边shavings exhaust installation 废屑排除装置shavings exhauster 废屑排除器shaw 丛林shear 切变;剪切shear cut 剪切shear cut slitter 剪切法切割机shear cut winder 剪切型复卷机shear float (type) sensor 切变浮杆传感器shear rate 切变速率shear strength 抗切强度,抗剪强度shear stress 切变应力shear test 切变试验shear winder 剪切型复卷机shearing 切变sheathing 建筑纸板sheave 滑轮纸板sheave 滑轮;皮带轮;麻杆屑shee box 对开瓦楞纸盒sheen 光泽sheen glossmeter 光泽计sheet 纸页sheet and half demy 英国纸张标准(22的1/2英寸×26的1/2英寸)sheet and third foolscap 英国纸张标准(29的3/4英寸×13的1/4英寸)sheet and third foolscap 英国纸张标准(大页纸张1的1/3倍)sheet breaker 平板纸压光机sheet calender 平板纸压光机sheet counter 数纸器sheet counting device 数纸器sheet cutter 平板切纸机sheet dryer 纸页干燥器sheet feeding 续纸sheet fed 递纸sheet finisher 完成工sheet formation 纸张组织sheet former 纸页成形器sheet forming 纸幅成形sheet forming quality 纸页成形质量sheet guide 导纸辊sheet laying table 接纸台sheet lining 挂面纸sheet machine 抄片器sheet-makintg apparatus 抄片器sheet of paper 纸张sheet packer 平板纸打包机sheet papermachine 纸页手抄器sheet pasting machine 包装粘糊机sheet pit 损纸坑sheet press 纸页压榨器sheet roll 纸卷sheet size 纸张规格sheet waxer 纸张上蜡机sheetage 纸张比重;纸张表面积比率sheeter (平板纸)切纸机;数纸器sheeting (平板纸)裁切sheeting equipment (平板纸)裁切机sheeting mould 手抄纸器sheffield smoothchek instrument sheffield平滑度测定仪sheffield smoothness sheffield平滑度sheffield tester sheffield平滑度测定仪shelf life 存放稳定性shell 外壳shell and silide box 抽匣式真空吸水箱shell bars 定子刀片shell fillings 定子嵌木shell knife 定子刀片shell side lining 蒸煮锅外衬里shell steels (锥形磨浆机)底刀sdshellac 紫胶,虫胶shield 屏障shift foreman 值班长shifter 移动装置shikimic acid 莽草酸shim 长方形薄垫片shine (spots) (填料)透明点(纸病)shiners (填料)透明点(纸病)shiny stuff 粘状浆shipping container 货运纸箱shipping sack 货运袋纸shipping roll 成品纸卷shipping tag 货运标签shirt protector 衬衣背衬包装纸shive 浆块,碎浆,碎片shive content 碎片含量;纤维素含量shivy 破碎的shock 震动shock drying 冲击干燥shock resistance 抗震shopping bag 采购用纸袋shopping bag yarn 采购纸袋用纸绳shops 商店用包装纸shore durometer 肖氏(橡胶)硬度计shore hardness 肖氏硬度。
使用说明书英文翻译(共2篇)

篇一:zysz直线筛使用说明书英文翻译zysz series linear vibrating screenintroduction manual图片已关闭显示,点此查看xinxiang zhenying mechanical equipment co.,ltd一、简介:我厂生产的直线振动筛是与中国矿业学院联合设计制造的,是利用振动电机激振的原理,使物料在筛面上被筛子抛起,同时向前作直线运动,以合理匹配的筛网达到筛分的目的。
适合于0.074—6mm的任何物料的筛分,最大给料粒度不大于10mm. i. introduction:zysz series linear vibrating screen is designed and manufactured by zhenying machine co. and chinese school of mines, with the principle of a vibrating motor excitation, sieve materials can be tossed on the screen surface and moved forward in a straight line, achieve screening purposes matching a reasonable screen. it can sieve for 0.074-6mm any material, and the maximum feed particle size less than 10mm.二、主要用途:磨料、化工、医药、冶金、建材、粮食、碳素、化肥等行业中物料的筛分。
2 application:it is widely used for abrasive, chemical, pharmaceutical, metallurgy, building materials, food, carbon, fertilizer industry and other industry.三、特点:与其它筛机相比,本筛机有如下特点:筛分精度高、结构较简单、维修方便、耗能少、噪音小、封闭性好、减少污染、筛网寿命较长。
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毕业设计---振动筛外文翻译Vibrating screens are designed to save space and weight while operating on minimal power。
This is achieved by using a screening surface that XXX。
gyrating。
or pulsating movementsof small amplitude。
XXX 3,000/XXX。
it is XXX of the n。
The centrifugal force factor。
which is a n of frequency of n (speed)and amplitude (throw)。
XXX。
XXX inclined screens。
Generally。
the larger the opening。
the greater the amplitude XXX.Page 2Screening Vibrating screensn and Maintenance--It pays to follow the XXX errors is to mount the screen XXX.Instead。
the screen should be XXX XXXof throw。
The screen should be XXX。
If the screen is to be used for wet screening。
it XXX.XXX。
it is XXX can cause difficult-to-correct problems。
while a screen that is not XXX may fail to perform up to XXX。
Instead。
the screen should be XXX XXX of throw。
It is alsocrucial to level the screen and check the XXX。
If the screen is tobe used for wet screening。
it XXX.Page 3Screening Vibrating screensScreening Surface--The screening surface is the heart of the vibrating screen。
It should bechosen with care and n paid to the characteristics of the material to be screened.Screening surfacescan be woven wire。
perforated plate。
polyurethane。
rubber。
or XXX wire is the most common and is available in many different types of XXX is used for heavy-XXX such as the size and shape of the material to be screened,the amount of wear the screening surface will be subjected to。
and the desired screeningefficiency.The screening surface is the most important component of the vibrating screen。
and it should be chosen with care。
taking into account the characteristics of the material to be screened。
Screening surfaces can be made of woven wire。
perforated plate。
polyurethane。
rubber。
XXX wire is the most common and is available in many different types of wire with different diametersand XXX is used for heavy-duty screening ns。
XXX such as the size and shape of the material to be screened。
the amount of wear the screening surface will be subjected to。
and the desired screening efficiency.If the throw is too small。
it can cause XXX。
increasing the XXX to pass over the screen per unit of time。
XXX.XXX amount of fine material passing over the screen with the oversize。
XXX.If an existing screen is to be used for a different n than it was originally intended for。
it is important to check with the supplier to see if any ns to the operating characteristics are needed and if the screen is XXX.The supplier can provide the operator with the correct vibrating screen if they are given the necessary n。
This includes the maximum tons per hour that need to be screened。
taking into account any XXX。
a complete size analysis or sieve analysis of the material。
or an estimated analysis if available。
should be provided。
The type of material and its weight per cubic foot in abroken state should also be given。
The operator should specify the desired ns on each deck。
as well as the surface moisture carried by the material if it is to be screened dry or the amount of water with feed if it is wet。
Finally。
any special operating requirements or ns。
such as temperature。
abrasiveness。
corrosiveness。
or other physical characteristics of the feed。
as well as efficiency or product requirements。
XXX.In summary。
to obtain the correct vibrating screen。
the operator must provide the supplier with the necessary n。
including maximum tons per hour。
size analysis of the material。
type of material and weight per cubic foot。
desired ns。
XXX moisture。
and any special operating XXX is made to meet the operator's needs.Vibrating XXX。
selecting the appropriate screen size and capacity can be XXX or XXX。
There are two main types of vibrating screens: mechanically-vibrated and electrically-vibrated。
The former can be further divided into classes based on the method of n n。
such as byeccentrics。
unbalanced weight。
cams。
or XXX。
vibrating screens XXX。
Standard sizes for vibrating screens range from 12 inches to10 feet in width and from 2.5 feet to 28 feet in length。
It is common practice to have the length of the screen be 2.5 times the width for dry screening。
For wet screening。
XXXXXX at a slope of 12 to 18 degrees and have openings aslarge as 11 square inches。
The eccentric throw for openings from5 to 11 inches is typically 1/2 inch。
while openings from 3 to 5 inches require about 3/8 inch。
and smaller openings require 1/4 inch。
The screening surface can consist of a heavy cast deck。
perforated XXX the holes。