A Domain Knowledge Advisor for Dialogue Systems

2004版Sysweld文件及界面架构介绍

Keyboard
Interactive writing of commands
Command Syntax
Commands in a given command syntax, readable by the meshing engine.
Command File
File that contains commands Default name: SYSTUS.ESP This file is always written in the background
SGI HP
Interoperability
UNIX workstation PC Windows NT LINUX来自Windows NTSUN
With standard and optimized version
DIGITAL UNIX
IBM
3
SYSWELD Software Work Flow Diagram
Select the driver Define the working directory 8
Sysweld Geometry/Mesh preprocessor is opened, in order to create geometry, mesh and groups, from scratch or starting from geometry data exported from external CAD systems
CAD
Sysweld Pre-Processor Geometry / Mesh
Automatic Solver
Structural analysis: Export of results to SYSTUS, PAMSTAMP, PAMCRASH Durability analysis: Export of results in NCODE format

交际法

交际法Communicative Approach:background---Towards the end of the 1960s there went on a growing dissatisfaction among foreign language teachers and applied linguists with the dominating language teaching method of the time. First, the criticism was that this kind of teaching produced structurally competent students who were often communicatively incompetent. Another reason for this dissatisfaction was undoubtedly the fact that, by the late 1960s, there were increasing possibilities for international communication, professional cooperation and travel. Meanwhile, some theoretical linguists had become conscious of the fact that in linguistic research meaning and context were neglected. They began to consider semantics to be basic to any theoretical model of language. Meaning was seen to depend to a large degree on the sociocultural contexts in which speech acts occurred. All this was reflected in some proposals to reconstruct the language syllabus so that learning communicative conventions would become as important as learning grammatical conventions. D.A. Wilkins was instrumental in setting out the fundamental considerations for “functional-notional” approach to syllabus design based on communicative criteria. The distinguishing characteristics of the Notional-Functional syllabus(NFS) were its attention to functions as the organizing elements of English language curriculum, and its focus on the pragmatic purpose to which we put language. Wilkins’ s book Notional Syllabuses had a significant impact on the development of Communicative Language Teaching. The NFS did not necessarily develop communicative competence in learners. However, by attending to the functional purpose of language, and by providing contextual(notional) settings for the realization of those purpose, it provided a link between a dynasty of methods that was now perishing and a new era of language teaching—Communicative Approach teaching. The Communicative Approach is essentially a manifestation of the 1970s, in the sense that this was the decade when the most explicit debate took place. The subsequent period has been characterized by explorations of other, related possibilities forthe design of materials and methods. More importantly, teachers in many parts of the world are finding that the need to come to terms with changes in their role, as communicative principles in language teaching become central goals of their educational systems.Main features--- ⑴Five points to characterize the Communicative Approach: ①Emphasis on learning to communicate in the target language ②The introduction of authentic texts into learning situations ③Focus not only on language but also on the learning process itself ④making use of learner’s own personal experiences ⑤Creating real communication situations in the classroom; linking classroom language learning with language activation outside the classroom The most obvious characteristics of the Communicative Approach is that almost everything that is done with a communicative intent. The teacher is concerned with the learners themselves, their feelings and ideas. The classroom activities are learner-centered because learning is more effective when the learners are actively involved in the learning process. ⑵The role of the teacher: ①a facilitator of students’ learning ②a manager of classroom activities ③an advisor of students’ questions ④a co-communicator in the communicative activity In a communicative classroom, the teacher is a facilitator of her students’ learning. As such, she has many roles to fulfill. She is a manger of classroom activities. During the activities , she acts as an advisor, answering students’ questions and monitoring their performance. At other times she might be a “co- communicator”—engaging in the communicative activity along with the students. ⑶The role of the learner: ①a negotiator ②a communicator ③a contributor ④an independent learner The learner’s role is that of a negotiator between the self, the role of joint-negotiator with the group and within the classroom procedures and activities which group undertakes. Learners are , above all, communicators. They are actively engaged in negotiating meaning—in trying to make themselves understood—even when their knowledge of the target language is incomplete. They learn to communicate by communicating. Studentsare seen as more responsible contributors or mangers of their own learning, and they are independent learners. ⑷Features of communicative activities: ①information gap ②choice of form and content ③feedback of any communicative information ⑸Classroom environment: ①cooperation and empathy ②learner-centered ③tolerance of errors ④working in small groups Objectives--- The general aim of the Communicative Approach is to develop the students’ communicative competence. It includes: ⑴Knowledge of grammar and vocabulary of the language ⑵Knowledge of rules of speaking ⑶Knowing how to use and respond to different types of speech acts, such as requests, apologies, thanks and invitations ⑷Knowing how to use language appropriately The objectives of a course of language instruction cannot be defined until the learners’ needs have been identified. Therefore, objectives can vary great ly due to the variety of learners’ purposes of learning the language, materials available and so on. Procedures---⑴Presentation and comprehension (Students listen, then answer questions. ) ⑵Demonstration of functional patterns (The teacher exemplifies each functional patterns) ⑶Practising functional patterns (Students practise the dialogue in pares) ⑷Free production (Students make minidialogue of their own) ⑸Creative production (Students work in groups) ⑹Checking students’ work ⑺Reading new materials (integrating reading and writting) ⑻Writing based on readingTechniques--- ⑴Ways of integrating language skills:①developing listening and note-taking skills using audio-video materials ②giving oral presentations ③project work ④role-play and simulation ⑵Ways of developing separated skills: ①Listening: putting pictures in correct sequence following directions on a map checking off items in a photograph completing a grid, time table or chart ②Speaking: games problem solving activities simulation/role-play personal responses ③Reading: skimming scanning text unscrambling information transfer ④Writing(mainly done in three steps): gathering ideas working on drafts preparing thefinal versionTheory of language---⑴Language is for communication. The Communicative Approach is language teaching starts from a theory of language as communication. When we communicate, we use the language to accomplish some functions, such as arguing, persuading, or promising. ⑵Language is used in topics, context and setting. The Communicative Approach has a theory of language rooted in the functional school. Functional linguistics is concerned with language as an instrument of social interaction rather than as a system that is viewed in isolation. In addition to talking about language function and language form, there are other dimensions of communication to be considered if we are be offered a more complete picture. They are, at least, topics, content and setting; and roles of people involved. So, we carry out the communicative functions within a social context.⑶The relationship between form and meaning is not a one-to-one correspondence. Whereas the sentence structure is stable and straightforward, its communicative function is variable and depends on specific situational and social factors. The relationship between the grammatical forms and their communicative functions is not a one-to-one correspondence. In a communicative perspective, this relationship is explored more carefully, and as a result our views on the properties of language have expanded and enriched. ⑷Discourse analysis studies language above sentence level. Discourse analysis studies how sentences in spoken and written language form larger meaningful units such as paragraphs, conversations, and interviews. These reflect how language is used in real communication and what rules of use must be observed. Therefore, discourse analysis becomes an indispensable part of Communicative Language Teaching. ⑸Pragmatics studies how language is used in communication. Closely related to Communicative Language teaching(CLT) is pragmatics, the study of the use of language in communication. Pragmatics is particularly interested in the relationships between sentences and the contexts and situations in which they are used. It includes the study of how the interpretationand use of utterances depends on knowledge of the world, how speakers use and understand speech acts, and how the structure of sentences is influenced by the relationship between the speaker and the hearer. ⑹Hymes and his notion of communicative competence In talking about CLT, one cannot avoid talking about “communicative competence”, a term coined by Hymes(1972) in order to contrast a communicative view of language with Chomsky’s(1965) theory of competence.In Hymes’s view, “communicative competence” refers to the ability not only to apply the grammatical rules of language in order to form grammatically correct sentences but also to know when and where to use these sentences and to whom. ⑺Halliday and his functional account of language use According to Halliday, a British linguist, social context of language use can be analyzed in terms of three factors: the field of discourse, the tenor of discourse and the mode of discourse. ⑻Widdowson and his view of forms and their communicative values Widdowson(1978) held a view of the relationship between linguistic systems and their communicative values in text and discourse. He focused on the communicative acts underlying the ability to use language for different purposes. His distinction between appropriacy and accuracy, communicative competence and grammatical competence, use and usage threw much light on CLT. ⑼Canale and Swain’s examination of communicative competence According to Canale and Swain, communicative competence entails four dimensions. They are grammatical competence, sociolinguistic competence, discourse competence, and strategic competence. ⑽Richa rds and Rodgers’ summary of the communicative view of language ①Language is a system for the expression of meaning. ②The primary function of language is for interaction and communication. ③The structure of language reflects its functional and communicative uses. ④The primary units of language are not merely its grammatical and structural features, but categories of functional and communicative meaning as exemplified in discourse. Theory of learning---⑴Communicative Language Teaching shouldfollow the natural acquisition process. The Communicative Approach attempts to follow the natural acquisition process in the classroom. According to Krashen, language learning comes about through using target language communicatively. Some contemporary researchers and language educators believe that fully successful language acquisition is a by-product of communication, of negotiating meaning, so that the traditional attitude to language learning and teaching has to be completely reversed. Traditional attitude can be described as the belief that we learn and teach language in order to be able to communicate, While the new approach assumes that in order to learn a language we have to try to communicate in it. ⑵Language is best learned through use in social context. Most contributors to the Communicative Approach share the view that language is used for communication and are more concerned with meaning than with structure. They tend to argue that language is best learned through use in social context. John Firth, a linguist, stressed that language needs to be studied in the broader sociocultural context of its use, which includes participants, their behaviour and beliefs, the objects of linguistic discussion, and word choice. ⑶Effective language learning will take place if the emphasis is on communication. Yalden thinks that more effective foreign language learning will take place if the emphasis is on getting one’s meaning across or understanding the speaker rather than to formal accuracy. Obviously, Yalden is more concerned with getting meaning across in a given context. ⑷Language learning is a process of meaning negotiation. Candlin believes that communicative language learning is “a highly socialized activities where learners are engaged in a negotiative process, with themselves in terms of what they already know, with others in terms of sharing and refining knowledge and with the curriculum content in terms of what has to be learned,” For Candlin, the meaning negotiation involves in making choices and decisions lies at the heart of the language learning process.Advantages-⑴Wider considerations of what is appropriate andwhat is accurate ⑵Wider range of language ⑶Realistic and motivating language practice ⑷Drawing on learners’ knowledge and experience The Communicative Approach is now accepted by many applied linguists and classroom teachers as the most effective approach among those in general use. There are a number of reasons why the Communicative Approach is so attractive. Apart from providing a richer teaching and learning environment, it can first include wider considerations of what is appropriate as well as what is accurate; second it can handle a wider range of language. covering texts and conversations as well as sentences; third it can provide realistic and motivating language practice; and lastly it uses what learners “know” about the functions of language from their experience with their own mother tongue.Definition---is an approach to foreign or second language teaching which emphasizes that the goal of language learning is communicative competence. Teaching materials used with the Communicative approach often teach the language needed to express and understand different kinds of functions. The approach follows a National syllabus and emphasizes the processes of communication to get information, and using language for social interaction with other people.Communicative Approach: Disadvantages-⑴Difficult to tailor syllabus to students’ needs ⑵Fossilization of learners’ errors ⑶Unclear about how rules of use can be taught The Communicative Approach emphasizes learner’ needs. But how to identify those needs quickly and cheaply, and to what extent all learners can be said to have a common need is still a matter of disagreement. It remains vague about the relative importance of accuracy and fluency. People seem also to realize the possible pedagogical risks connected with CLT. The most obvio us risk is the fossilization of learners’ errors. And What’s more, CLT is unclear about how the rules of use. After all, classroom setting is different from real-life situations.-How do you interpret the idea of “communicating in English” in your case, as a learner of English? For a learner of English whoan studying in a non-English-speaking setting. “communicating in English” means to experience real communicative situations in which I learn to express my own ideas, views and attitudes, and in which I am taken seriously as people. Meaningful communicative activities on my English level will improve my language performance and generate my interest.---Appropriacy of language use has to be considered alongside accuracy. What implications does this have for attitudes to errors? This has some implications for attitudes to errors. Since both appropriacy and accuracy are important in language use, we should pay the same attention to these two aspects. If one’s language production is appropriate, but dotted with a lot of grammar errors, communication would be affected. On the other hand, if one’s language production is correct in grammar, but not appropriate in use, e.g. the wrong address form, communication would not be as effective as expected either. Therefore, we should be tolerant to the students’ errors which do not affect communication, and be strict to those which interfere with communication and cause ill effect of ill feeling in other communicators.--Does it always matter if the “real world” is not being practiced in the classroom? Why? The ideal language learning setting is to practise language as it is used in the real world. Since learners will have to use the foreign language in real communication outside the classroom. However, it is not always possible to do so because classroom setting is after all different from the outside world no matter how hard we try to simulate the real-world situation. And it is not always necessary to do so. Language learning and language teaching are considered at several stages. At the drilling stage, when the focus is on language form, the real-world situation does not have to be practiced. But when the focus is on language communication and learners are engaged in communicative activities, The real-world situation does matter much. It is where learners learn to use the foreign language for real communication, and to use it appropriately and accurately.---How do you understand the relationship between the grammatical forms of a language and their communicative functions? The relationship between the grammatical forms of a language and their communicative functions is not a one-to-one correspondence. Whereas the sentence structure is stable and straightforward, its communicative function is variable and depends on specific situational and social factors. The fact is that a single linguistic form can express a number of functions, so also can a single communicative function be expressed by a number of linguistic forms. In a communicative perspective, this relationship is explored more carefully, and as a result our views on the properties of language have been expanded and enriched.--How do you understand the statement “form and function operate as part of a wider network of factors”? The statement “form and function operate as part of a wider network of factors” means when we communicate, we use the language to accomplish some functions, such as arguing, personalizing, or promising. Moreover, we carry out these functions within a social context. A speaker will choose a particular way to express his thought not only based on his intent and level of emotion but also on whom he is addressing and what his relationship with that person is. For example, he may be more direct in arguing with his friend than with his employer. In other words, real world language in use does not operate in a vacuum. When we give advice, we do so to talking about language function and language form, there are other dimensions of communication to be considered if we are to be offered a more roles of people involved. So, the orientation of the teaching is essentially toward the purposes and social uses of communication, rather than the understanding of language form.--How do your materials handle the relationship between grammar and communicative function? For instance, is a “function” taught together with several grammatical forms, or just one? Alternatively, is a “function” just used as an example where the main focus is on teaching grammar? Do this point according to whatyour teaching materials are used. You may refer to the key to No. 2 point above, and analyse the factors using a communicative perspective.-Is the Communicative Approach a useful one for all proficiency levels, particularly for beginners? Generally speaking, the Communicative Approach can be a useful teaching method for all proficiency levels. The Communicative Approach emphasizes that the goal of language learning is communicative competence. We can make use of whatever learning and teaching techniques which help the learners develop their communicative competence. On condition that we follow the basic principles of the Communicative Approach, such as information gap activities, meaning-based communication, authentic materials, our language learners would achieve the goal of mastering a foreign language. Even if with beginners, we can still use the approach.--What are the two categories of meaning of language proposed by Wilkins? What is the distinction between the two terms? The two categories of meaning of language proposed by Wilkins are “notions ” and “functions”. “Notions ”are domains in which we use language to express though and feeling. They are both general and specific. General notions are abstract concepts such as existence, space, time, Quantity and quality. Within the general notion of space and time, for example, are the concept of location, motion, dimension, speed and length of time and frequency. Specific notions correspond more closely to what we have become accustomed to calling “context” or “situations”. Personal ident ification, for example, is a specific notion under which name, address, phone numbers, andother personal information is subsumed. “functions” refer to the purposes for which utterance or units of language are used. In language learning, language functions are often described as categories of behavior; e.g. requests, apologies, complaints, offers and compliments.。

(仅供参考)EMC-Unity-基本维护

Welcome to Unity Basic Maintenance.Copyright ©2016 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Published in the USA. EMC believes the information in this publication is accurate as of its publication date. The information is subject to change without notice.THE INFORMATION IN THIS PUBLICATION IS PROVIDED “AS IS.” EMC CORPORATION MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WITH RESPECT TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PUBLICATION, AND SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.Use, copying, and distribution of any EMC software described in this publication requires an applicable software license. The trademarks, logos, and service marks (collectively "Trademarks") appearing in this publication are the property of EMC Corporation and other parties. Nothing contained in this publication should be construed as granting any license or right to use any Trademark without the prior written permission of the party that owns the Trademark.EMC, EMC² AccessAnywhere Access Logix, AdvantEdge, AlphaStor, AppSync ApplicationXtender, ArchiveXtender, Atmos, Authentica, Authentic Problems, Automated Resource Manager, AutoStart, AutoSwap, AVALONidm, Avamar, Bus-Tech, Captiva, Catalog Solution, C-Clip, Celerra, Celerra Replicator, Centera, CenterStage, CentraStar, EMC CertTracker. CIO Connect, ClaimPack, ClaimsEditor, Claralert ,cLARiiON, ClientPak, CloudArray, Codebook Correlation Technology, Common Information Model, Compuset, Compute Anywhere, Configuration Intelligence, Configuresoft, Connectrix, Constellation Computing, EMC ControlCenter, CopyCross, CopyPoint, CX, DataBridge , Data Protection Suite. Data Protection Advisor, DBClassify, DD Boost, Dantz, DatabaseXtender, Data Domain, Direct Matrix Architecture, DiskXtender, DiskXtender 2000, DLS ECO, Document Sciences, Documentum, DR Anywhere, ECS, elnput, E-Lab, Elastic Cloud Storage, EmailXaminer, EmailXtender , EMC Centera, EMC ControlCenter, EMC LifeLine, EMCTV, Enginuity, EPFM. eRoom, Event Explorer, FAST, FarPoint, FirstPass, FLARE, FormWare, Geosynchrony, Global File Virtualization, Graphic Visualization, Greenplum, HighRoad, HomeBase, Illuminator , InfoArchive, InfoMover, Infoscape, Infra, Input Accel, Input Accel Express, Invista, Ionix, ISIS,Kazeon, EMC LifeLine, Mainframe Appliance for Storage, Mainframe Data Library, Max Retriever, MCx, MediaStor , Metro, MetroPoint, MirrorView, Multi-Band Deduplication,Navisphere, Netstorage, NetWorker, nLayers, EMC OnCourse, OnAlert, OpenScale, Petrocloud, PixTools, Powerlink, PowerPath, PowerSnap, ProSphere, ProtectEverywhere, ProtectPoint, EMC Proven, EMC Proven Professional, QuickScan, RAPIDPath, EMC RecoverPoint, Rainfinity, RepliCare, RepliStor, ResourcePak, Retrospect, RSA, the RSA logo, SafeLine, SAN Advisor, SAN Copy, SAN Manager, ScaleIO Smarts, EMC Snap, SnapImage, SnapSure, SnapView, SourceOne, SRDF, EMC Storage Administrator, StorageScope, SupportMate, SymmAPI, SymmEnabler, Symmetrix, Symmetrix DMX, Symmetrix VMAX, TimeFinder, TwinStrata, UltraFlex, UltraPoint, UltraScale, Unisphere, Universal Data Consistency, Vblock, Velocity, Viewlets, ViPR, Virtual Matrix, Virtual Matrix Architecture, Virtual Provisioning, Virtualize Everything, Compromise Nothing, Virtuent, VMAX, VMAXe, VNX, VNXe, Voyence, VPLEX, VSAM-Assist, VSAM I/O PLUS, VSET, VSPEX, Watch4net, WebXtender, xPression, xPresso, Xtrem, XtremCache, XtremSF, XtremSW, XtremIO, YottaYotta, Zero-Friction Enterprise Storage.This course provides the knowledge and skills necessary to perform basic maintenance on the Unity family of mid-range products. It includes topics on alerts, diagnostic information, health checks, software upgrades, and CRU and FRU replacements.This module focuses on basic alerts, diagnostics, and support functions.Basic maintenance and troubleshooting of the Unity storage system is performed using EMC Unisphere for Unity. Unisphere uses a graphical, application-oriented model with a web-familiar look and feel. The easy navigation and built-in best practices within Unisphere enables the management of advanced storage features without an in-depth understanding of these technologies. In addition, a support ecosystem provides access to learning materials and support resources that make storage management easier than ever. This results in a more efficient and productive environment.Supported browsers include Google Chrome v33 or later, Internet Explorer v10 or later,Mozilla Firefox v28 or later, and Apple Safari v6 or later.This demo will show introduce Unisphere for Unity.Shown here is the System Service Overview page. We can tell from this view that all Storage Processors are running in normal mode, and we can see the software version and serial number of the Unity system. Tasks available here include Test or Change ESRS, Refresh or Review Support Contracts, change Support Credentials, and change Contact Information. These tasks can also be completed in the settings window.Also available on this page are the Service Tasks, Technical Advisories, and Logs tabs. Let’stake a look at what is available in the Service Tasks tab.Now we have selected the Service Tasks tab. On this page there are a number of storage system tasks as well as some Storage Processor tasks. Note that you can click on the More Information link next to each task for the complete details. The link will bring you to the corresponding help page in Unisphere. Let’s take a look at the various storage system tasks first.To assist with diagnosing and resolving problems with your system, you can collect detailed information about your system and save it to a file.To proceed, highlight the Collect Service Information task and click on the Execute button.In the window that opens, you can select a collection file that already exists for download, or you can create a new one. To download an existing file, highlight it and select the download icon in the upper left hand corner. To create a new one, click on the Add icon (plus sign).It will take up to 10 minutes for the data collection to complete. Once it is complete, youcan select it and save the file a local directory or an external storage location.The Save Configuration task saves details about the current system configuration settings to a local file. The configuration details include information about the system specifications, users, installed licenses, storage resources, storage servers, and hosts. A service provider can use this file to assist with reconfiguring the storage system after a major system failure or system reinitialization. You can also use this file to keep a record of system configuration changes. The configuration settings should be saved after each major configuration change to ensure there is a current copy of the file.Note that only the details about the system configuration are saved to the file. You cannotrestore your system data from this file.The Restart Management Software task is used to resolve connection problems between the storage system and Unisphere. Note that you cannot restart the management software when both Storage Processors are in Service Mode. To proceed, highlight the Restart Management Software task and click on Execute. Restarting the management software will disconnect the current management session, but will not disrupt data access to the storage system. You will not be able to manage the storage system during this time. Wait three to five minutes while the management software restarts.You will see alerts indicating that the connection to the system is down. When themanagement software has restarted, you will see alerts indicating that the connection is up.The Reinitialize service task resets the entire system to the original, default factory settings. Before you begin, all Storage Processors must be present in the system, operating normally, and in Service Mode. Once both SPs are in the service mode, you must log into Unisphere as the service user and run the Reinitialize Service Task. Note that reinitializing will destroy all system configuration settings and stored data on the system. After reinitializing the system, you will need to copy all data to the system from an external storage system, such as a backup server. The reinitialization can take 90 to 120 minutes to complete.When system reinitialization has completed, the system reboots and is ready to be configured. Use the Connection Utility to establish an initial network connection to the system and then log in to Unisphere and run the Initial Configuration Wizard to configurethe system.The Change Service Password task allows you to change the service password. The service account is used to execute service tasks on the Unity storage system. Note that this will notaffect the users and groups in the settings menu.The system shut down or power down procedure involves shutting down the Storage Processors (SPs). When all SPs are down, all I/O services stop and hosts lose access to the system. Before performing this procedure, it is recommended that you disconnect all network shares, LUNs, and VMware datastores from each host to prevent data loss. When the system is fully powered up, you can reconnect the hosts to these storage resources.The shutdown process can take between 10 to 20 minutes to complete. During this time, the connection to the system will be lost and you will not have access to Unisphere or the online help. It is important that you print the power up instructions from the help menu to be sure you have all of the information you need to power up the system. You will need to physically remove power from the SPs and then reconnect them to power the system back up. The system has shutdown and the power can be removed from the SPs when the StatusFault LED is blinking amber and the power LED is solid Green.To connect to the system and perform advanced system maintenance, you need to enable the Secure Shell (SSH) protocol on the storage system. To enable SSH, highlight the task and click Execute. You will be prompted for the service password. This service action allows you to run service tools, such as service actions or service scripts, on the storage system. Once SSH is enabled, you or your service provider can run the tools through a service portal. When the service tools have finished running, disable the SSH protocol to ensure that the system is secure. To learn more about using service commands, refer to the UnityService Commands Technical Notes document available on .The Enter Service Mode task is a Storage Processor service task, meaning it applies to an individual SP, and not to the storage system as a whole. Entering service mode may be required to reimage an SP, reinitialize the storage system, or replace certain hardware components. An SP will also automatically enter service mode when it is unable to resolve an issue and thus requires intervention.When an SP enters service mode it stops servicing I/O to hosts and all I/O loads on the SP fail over to the peer SP, if it is healthy.Once you select the task and click Execute, you will be prompted for the service password. Wait at least 10 minutes for the SP to enter service mode and do not attempt any actions in Unisphere until it has completed.To verify that the SP is in service mode, check that the Mode field displays Service. Here, both SP Modes are reported as Normal. Note that Unisphere may not refresh automatically. If prompted, reload Unisphere. If not, refresh the browser manually. To physically confirmthe SP is in service mode, ensure the SP fault LED flashes alternating amber and blue.The Reboot an SP task can resolve minor problems with the SP, its components, or the system software on the SP. This task is also used to reboot an SP that is in service mode to return it to normal mode, provided that the SP is healthy enough to do so. Note that when an SP reboots, it stops servicing I/O to hosts. If the peer SP is healthy and in normal mode, it will service the rebooting SP’s I/O to hosts and it’s write cache will remain enabled.Once you highlight the task and click Execute, you will be prompted for the service password. After waiting a few minutes and refreshing Unisphere, confirm the SP reboot hascompleted by noting the SP Mode Field. It should display a Normal Mode.In order to monitor the SP boot process, you need to establish a Serial Over LAN (SOL) connection to the SP service port. This is accomplished using the IPMI tool. The IPMI tool can be found on by searching the Unity Support Tools section. First, install the tool to the C:\ directory of your service laptop. Next, set your local network adapter to the IP address 128.221.1.250 and then issue the command shown to connect to SP A. If you need to connect to both SP A and SPB, you can connect to the service ports via a small Ethernet switch. Open another command prompt window and issue the command again to SP B. It is the same command except that the IP address for the service port for SP B ends in 253.Please refer to the EMC IPMI Tool Technical Notes document available on for the complete details.The Reimage a Storage Processor (SP) task is used to safely fix problems with the system software that could not be resolved by rebooting the SP. Reimaging reinstalls the system's root operating system while leaving the user's data intact. The system configuration settings and stored files will not be changed.Reimaging an SP requires that it is first placed in service mode. That is why the Execute button for this task is now greyed out. Once you have the SP in service mode and execute the reimage task, wait at least 20 minutes while the system reimages the SP and do not attempt any actions in Unisphere until it has completed. After it has completed reimaging, it will boot into service mode. You can then use the reboot service task to reboot it to NormalMode.Now that we’ve looked at all of the service tasks, let’s take a look at the other two tabs in the System Service window. The Technical Advisories tab displays up-to-date, real time information and advisories specific to your system from the Knowledgebase available on the support website. Here you can select an advisory from the list and choose the link in the Knowledgebase Number column. A new Web browser displays the technical advisory article from the support website. Note that you can customize the view as well as sort, filter, andexport data.The Unity storage system monitors and reports on a variety of system events. These events are collected and written to a log shown here in the System Service Logs window. Note that you can customize the view as well as sort and filter data by date and time, user, source SP, Category and Message. You can also configure remote logging. Click on the Manage Remote Logging link to navigate directly to the Specify Remote Logging Configuration section in the System Settings menu.To configure remote logging, the remote host must be accessible from the storage system. By default, the storage system transfers log information on port 514 using the UDP protocol. For more information on setting up and running a remote syslog server, refer tothe documentation for the operating system running on the remote system.The Unisphere Support page can be reached via the navigation pane on the left. The Support page provides links to resources for learning about and getting assistance with your storage system. Options include watching how-to videos, accessing online training modules, downloading the latest product software, searching and participating in the online community, and much more.You can also access support options through the product's support website. To register your system, download licenses, or obtain updated software, you must first establish a supportaccount.The tools available for Unity Implementation are shown in the next two slides. These tools are intended for Service Enabled Partners and EMC Support Personnel.Shown here are the remaining Unity implementation tools.This module focuses on the Software and Licenses section of the Unisphere Settings menu.Navigate to the Settings menu by selecting the settings icon in the upper right corner of Unisphere. Shown here is the Software and Licenses menu. Notice that there are links to get a license online and install a license. As we can see here, in this case, the issued license does not include Data at Rest Encryption. Note that Unity storage systems are orderable as either encrypted or non-encrypted. The encryption state is set the first time a license is applied and you cannot apply another license at a later time to enable or disable encryption.A destructive reinitialization would be required to change the encryption state.Let’s take a look at the Disk Firmware menu next.Shown here is the Disk Firmware menu. Here we can view the current firmware, obtain new firmware online, and install firmware.On the Language Packs page, we can obtain and install optional language packs.Shown here are the system limits. Now let’s take a look at the Software Upgrades menu.As we can see in the Software Upgrades page the current UnityOS version and release date are displayed. Here we can download new software, start an upgrade, or perform a health check.Selecting the Perform Health Checks button will begin a Pre-Upgrade Health Check. A health check is a series of checks on the state of the storage system. Performing a system health check helps ensure that no underlying problems exist that may prevent a successful software upgrade. If there are no problems with the storage system, the health check should complete in a few minutes and should report “The storage system's health checks have successfully completed” as shown here. If any issues are reported, they must be dealtwith prior to proceeding with a software upgrade. Now let’s try the software upgrade.This demos will show the Unity software upgrade.This module focuses on CRU and FRU replacements.These demos can be viewed in the elearning course.This course covered the basic maintenance of the Unity storage system. This concludes the training.。

工作经历英文

工作经历英文篇一：工作经验(英文介绍). 工作经验CONVERSATIONS 会话（A=Applicant I=Interviewer）Dialogue 1I: Do you have any work experience in this field?A: Yes. After my graduation from university, I worked as a Customer Service Coordinator in a foreign representative office, and then I transferred to a joint venture as a Market Deve1opment Manager. So I am familiar with the market in China.I: What have you learned from the jobs you have had?A: I learned to be patient when dealing with customers complaints and try my best to solve them. In addition, I learned at my previous jobs how to cooperate with my colleagues.I: Does your current employer know you are looking for another job?A: No, I haven抰 discussed my leaving plans with my current employer, but I am sure he will release me.I: What is your impression of your present company?A: Very good.I: What would your current colleague say about you?A: They would say I抦 a dependable and hard worker.I: 你有这个行业的工作经验吗？A: 有，在我大学毕业后，我就到一家外企代理处做了一名顾客服务协调员，之后我转到一家合资企业做市场发展部经理，所以我对中国市场非常熟悉。

教育学专业词汇英语

教育专业词汇的英语翻译人才枯竭exhaustion of human resources辍/失学青少年school dropout/leaver基金会foundation服务性行业service trade在职培训on-the-job/in-service training基础科学the fundamentals学分制the credit system三学期制the trimester system税收tax revenue多学科的multi-disciplinary重点大学key university授予（学士）confer被授权be authorized to do专业specialty爱国人士patriotic personage国家教育经费national expenditure on education财政拨款financial allocation毕业论文thesis; dissertation毕业实习graduation field work毕业设计graduation design毕业典礼graduation ceremony; commencement毕业证书diploma; graduation certificate博士生导师Ph.D advisor; doctoral advisor(supervisor)授予某人学位to confer a degree on sb.升级to be promoted to a higher grade留级to repeat the year‘s work; to stay down补考make-up examination升学t o go to a school of a higher grade; to enter a higher school升学率proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade奖学金scholarship（国家）助学金(state)stipend/subsidy领取助学金的学生a grant-aided student学费tuition (fee)占百分比account for ...%专任教师full-time teacher国际文化交流intercultural communication教育方针guideline(s)/guiding principle(s) for education教育必须为社会主义现代化服务，必须同生产劳动相结合，培养德智体全面发展的建设者和接班人。

SPICE

IntroductionUnlike board-level designs composed of discrete parts, it is not practical to breadboard integrated circuits before manufacture. Further, the high costs of photolithographic masks and other manufacturing prerequisites make it essential to design the circuit to be as close to perfect as possible before the integrated circuit is first built. Simulating the circuit with SPICE is the industry-standard way to verify circuit operation at the transistor level before committing to manufacturing an integrated circuit.Board-level circuit designs can often be breadboarded for testing. Even with a breadboard, some circuit properties may not be accurate compared to the final printed wiring board, such as parasitic resistances and capacitances. These parasitic components can often be estimated more accurately using SPICE simulation. Also, designers may want more information about the circuit than is available from a single mock-up. For instance, circuit performance is affected by component manufacturing tolerances. In these cases it is common to use SPICE to perform Monte Carlo simulations of the effect of component variations on performance, a task which is impractical using calculations by hand for a circuit of any appreciable complexity.Circuit simulation programs, of which SPICE and derivatives are the most prominent, take a text netlist describing the circuit elements (transistors, resistors, capacitors, etc.) and their connections, and translate[3] this description into equations to be solved. The general equations produced are nonlinear differential algebraic equations which are solved using implicit integration methods, Newton's method and sparse matrix techniques.______ OriginsSPICE was developed at the Electronics Research Laboratory of the University of California, Berkeley by Laurence Nagel with direction from his research advisor, Prof. Donald Pederson. SPICE1 was largely a derivative of the CANCER program,[4] which Nagel had worked on under Prof. Ronald Rohrer. CANCER was an acronym for "Computer Analysis of Nonlinear Circuits, Excluding Radiation," a hint to Berkeley's liberalism of 1960s: at these times many circuit simulators were developed under the United States Department of Defense contracts that required the capability to evaluate the radiation hardness of a circuit. When Nagel's original advisor, Prof. Rohrer, left Berkeley, Prof. Pederson became his advisor. Pederson insisted that CANCER, a proprietary program, be rewritten enough that restrictions could be removed and the program could be put in the public domain.[5] SPICE1 was first presented at a conference in 1973.[1] SPICE1 was coded in FORTRAN and used nodal analysis to construct the circuit equations. Nodal analysis has limitations in representing inductors, floating voltage sources and the various forms of controlled sources. SPICE1 had relatively few circuit elements available and used a fixed-timestep transient analysis. The real popularity of SPICE started with SPICE2[2] in 1975. SPICE2, also coded in FORTRAN, was a much-improved program with more circuit elements, variable timestep transient analysis using either the trapezoidal (second orderAdams-Moulton method) or the Gear integration method (also known as BDF), equation formulation via modified nodal analysis[6] (avoiding the limitations of nodal analysis), and an innovative FORTRAN-based memory allocation system developed by another graduate student, Ellis Cohen. The last FORTRAN version of SPICE was 2G.6 in 1983. SPICE3[7] was developed by Thomas Quarles (with A. Richard Newton as advisor) in 1989. It is written in C, uses the same netlist syntax, and added X Window System plotting.As an early open source program, SPICE was widely distributed and used. Its ubiquity became such that "to SPICE a circuit" remains synonymous with circuit simulation.[8] SPICE source code was from the beginning distributed by UC Berkeley for a nominal charge (to cover the cost of magnetic tape). The license originally included distribution restrictions for countries not considered friendly to the USA, but the source code is currently covered by the BSD license.SPICE inspired and served as a basis for many other circuit simulation programs, in academia, in industry, and in commercial products. The first commercial version of SPICE was ISPICE,[9] an interactive version on a timeshare service, National CSS. The most prominent commercial versions of SPICE include HSPICE (originally commercialized by Shawn and Kim Hailey of Meta Software, but now owned by Synopsys) and PSPICE (now owned by Cadence Design Systems). The academic spinoffs of SPICE include XSPICE, developed at Georgia Tech, which added mixed analog/digital "code models" for behavioral simulation, and Cider (previously CODECS, from UC Berkeley/Oregon State Univ.) which added semiconductor device simulation. The integrated circuit industry adopted SPICE quickly, and until commercial versions became well developed many IC design houses had proprietary versions of SPICE.[10] Today a few IC manufacturers, typically the larger companies, have groups continuing to develop SPICE-based circuit simulation programs. Among these are ADICE at Analog Devices, LTspice at Linear Technology, Mica at Freescale Semiconductor, and TISPICE at Texas Instruments. (Other companies maintain internal circuit simulators which are not directly based upon SPICE, among them PowerSpice at IBM, Titan at Infineon Technologies, Lynx at Intel Corporation, and Pstar at NXP Semiconductor.) SPICE was named an IEEE Milestone in 2011.[11]______ Program features and structureSPICE became popular because it contained the analyses and models needed to design integrated circuits of the time, and was robust enough and fast enough to be practical to use.[12] Precursors to SPICE often had a single purpose: The BIAS[13] program, for example, did simulation of bipolar transistor circuit operating points; the SLIC[14] program did only small-signal analyses. SPICE combined operating point solutions, transient analysis, and various small-signal analyses with the circuit elements and device models needed to successfully simulate many circuits.______ AnalysesSPICE2 included these analyses:AC analysis (linear small-signal frequency domain analysis)DC analysis (nonlinear quiescent point calculation)DC transfer curve analysis (a sequence of nonlinear operating points calculated while sweeping an input voltage or current, or a circuit parameter)Noise analysis (a small signal analysis done using an adjoint matrix technique which sums uncorrelated noise currents at a chosen output point)Transfer function analysis (a small-signal input/output gain and impedance calculation) Transient analysis (time-domain large-signal solution of nonlinear differential algebraic equations)Since SPICE is generally used to model nonlinear circuits, the small signal analyses are necessarily preceded by a quiescent point calculation at which the circuit is linearized. SPICE2 also contained code for other small-signal analyses: sensitivity analysis, pole-zero analysis, and small-signal distortion analysis. Analysis at various temperatures was done by automatically updating semiconductor model parameters for temperature, allowing the circuit to be simulated at temperature extremes.Other circuit simulators have since added many analyses beyond those in SPICE2 to address changing industry requirements. Parametric sweeps were added to analyze circuit performance with changing manufacturing tolerances or operating conditions. Loop gain and stability calculations were added for analog circuits. Harmonic balance or time-domain steady state analyses were added for RF and switched-capacitor circuit design. However, a public-domain circuit simulator containing the modern analyses and features needed to become a successor in popularity to SPICE has not yet emerged.[12]______ Device modelsSPICE2 included many semiconductor device compact models: three levels of MOSFET model, a combined Ebers–Moll and Gummel-Poon bipolar model, a JFET model, and a model for a junction diode. In addition, it had many other elements: resistors, capacitors, inductors (including coupling), independent voltage and current sources, ideal transmission lines, and voltage and current controlled sources.SPICE3 added more sophisticated MOSFET models, which were required due to advances in semiconductor technology. In particular, the BSIM family of models were added, which were also developed at UC Berkeley.Commercial and industrial SPICE simulators have added many other device models as technology advanced and earlier models became inaccurate. To attempt standardization of these models so that a set of model parameters may be used in different simulators, an industry working group was formed, the Compact Model Council,[15] to choose, maintain and promote the use of standard models. The standard models today include BSIM3, BSIM4, BSIMSOI, PSP, HICUM, and MEXTRAM.______ Input and output: Netlists, schematic capture and plottingSPICE2 took a text netlist as input and produced line-printer listings as output, which fit with the computing environment in 1975. These listings were either columns of numbers corresponding to calculated outputs (typically voltages or currents), or line-printer character "plots". SPICE3 retained the netlist for circuit description, but allowed analyses to be controlled from a command-line interface similar to the C shell. SPICE3 also added basic X-Window plotting, as UNIX and engineering workstations became common.Vendors and various free software projects have added schematic capture front-ends to SPICE, allowing a schematic diagram of the circuit to be drawn and the netlist to be automatically generated. Also, graphical user interfaces were added for selecting the simulations to be done and manipulating the voltage and current output vectors. In addition, very capable graphing utilities have been added to see waveforms and graphs of parametric dependencies. Several free versions of these extended programs are available, some as introductory limited packages, and some without restrictions。

DPS4VM bootcamp Quiz-201712

请问本次需要配置多少个 CPU 的 DPS4VM 许可？
18.
A. 8 B. 10 C. 20 D. 50
4
4.
如何计算虚拟机的数量 [多选]： A. 虚拟机总数等于当前处于开启或关闭状态的所有虚拟机的数量 B. 虚拟机总数仅计算处于开启状态的所有虚拟机的数量 C. 虚拟机总数可以通过 vCenter 来确定 D. 虚拟机总数可以通过 vSAN 来确定
5.
Data Protection Suite for VMware 最多包含几台物理服务器： A. 7 B. 10 C. 50 D. 100 E. 不限
10.
客户采购之后，是否可以通过再添加插槽或虚拟机许可的方式来升级？ A. 是的，可以为现有的 Data Protection Suite for VMware 添加插槽或虚拟机 B. 不可以，DPS4VM 是一个产品套件包，一次采购不允许升级
11.
DPS4VM 包含的 AVE 是哪种容量配置？ A. 500GB B. 1TB C. 2TB D. 4TB
17.
CloudBoost 需要和什么产品配合使用？ A. Avamar B. NetWorker C. Data Domain D. RecoverPoint For VMware
客户现有的环境为 VMware，共 8 台 ESXi 服务器，每台服务器 2 颗 CPU，共运行： 10 台 MS SQL Server 20 台应用服务器 VM，每台应用服务器 100GB 数据需要备份客户另外还有 2 台物理服务器，每台服务器 2 颗 CPU。物理服务器共运行： 20 个 Oracle 数据库，数据库总容量 2T
DPS4VM 测试题
姓名公司日期手机邮箱成绩

知识产权保护法【英文】

3/ Nature of the rights
The patent owner has the right to exclude others from unauthorized making, using, selling, offering for sale and importing the patented product or process, in the country/countries where the patent was granted.
CLDP
I. PATENTS
II. COPYRIGHTS III. TRADEMARKS IV. TRADE SECRETS
Commercial Law Development Program Office of General Counsel United States Department of Commerce
TEXT
CLDP
Commercial Law Development Program Office of General Counsel United States Department of Commerce
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAW
Joe Yang, Attorney-Advisor, Commercial Law Development Program
IMPROVING THE LEGAL ENVIRONMENT FOR BUSINESS WORLDWIDE
CLDP
6/ Types of disputes
Commercial Law Development Program Office of General Counsel United States Department of CommCEPTS continued..

EMC Unity 基本维护

Welcome to Unity Basic Maintenance.Copyright ©2016 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Published in the USA. EMC believes the information in this publication is accurate as of its publication date. The information is subject to change without notice.THE INFORMATION IN THIS PUBLICATION IS PROVIDED “AS IS.” EMC CORPORATION MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WITH RESPECT TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PUBLICATION, AND SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.Use, copying, and distribution of any EMC software described in this publication requires an applicable software license. The trademarks, logos, and service marks (collectively "Trademarks") appearing in this publication are the property of EMC Corporation and other parties. Nothing contained in this publication should be construed as granting any license or right to use any Trademark without the prior written permission of the party that owns the Trademark.EMC, EMC² AccessAnywhere Access Logix, AdvantEdge, AlphaStor, AppSync ApplicationXtender, ArchiveXtender, Atmos, Authentica, Authentic Problems, Automated Resource Manager, AutoStart, AutoSwap, AVALONidm, Avamar, Bus-Tech, Captiva, Catalog Solution, C-Clip, Celerra, Celerra Replicator, Centera, CenterStage, CentraStar, EMC CertTracker. CIO Connect, ClaimPack, ClaimsEditor, Claralert ,cLARiiON, ClientPak, CloudArray, Codebook Correlation Technology, Common Information Model, Compuset, Compute Anywhere, Configuration Intelligence, Configuresoft, Connectrix, Constellation Computing, EMC ControlCenter, CopyCross, CopyPoint, CX, DataBridge , Data Protection Suite. Data Protection Advisor, DBClassify, DD Boost, Dantz, DatabaseXtender, Data Domain, Direct Matrix Architecture, DiskXtender, DiskXtender 2000, DLS ECO, Document Sciences, Documentum, DR Anywhere, ECS, elnput, E-Lab, Elastic Cloud Storage, EmailXaminer, EmailXtender , EMC Centera, EMC ControlCenter, EMC LifeLine, EMCTV, Enginuity, EPFM. eRoom, Event Explorer, FAST, FarPoint, FirstPass, FLARE, FormWare, Geosynchrony, Global File Virtualization, Graphic Visualization, Greenplum, HighRoad, HomeBase, Illuminator , InfoArchive, InfoMover, Infoscape, Infra, Input Accel, Input Accel Express, Invista, Ionix, ISIS,Kazeon, EMC LifeLine, Mainframe Appliance for Storage, Mainframe Data Library, Max Retriever, MCx, MediaStor , Metro, MetroPoint, MirrorView, Multi-Band Deduplication,Navisphere, Netstorage, NetWorker, nLayers, EMC OnCourse, OnAlert, OpenScale, Petrocloud, PixTools, Powerlink, PowerPath, PowerSnap, ProSphere, ProtectEverywhere, ProtectPoint, EMC Proven, EMC Proven Professional, QuickScan, RAPIDPath, EMC RecoverPoint, Rainfinity, RepliCare, RepliStor, ResourcePak, Retrospect, RSA, the RSA logo, SafeLine, SAN Advisor, SAN Copy, SAN Manager, ScaleIO Smarts, EMC Snap, SnapImage, SnapSure, SnapView, SourceOne, SRDF, EMC Storage Administrator, StorageScope, SupportMate, SymmAPI, SymmEnabler, Symmetrix, Symmetrix DMX, Symmetrix VMAX, TimeFinder, TwinStrata, UltraFlex, UltraPoint, UltraScale, Unisphere, Universal Data Consistency, Vblock, Velocity, Viewlets, ViPR, Virtual Matrix, Virtual Matrix Architecture, Virtual Provisioning, Virtualize Everything, Compromise Nothing, Virtuent, VMAX, VMAXe, VNX, VNXe, Voyence, VPLEX, VSAM-Assist, VSAM I/O PLUS, VSET, VSPEX, Watch4net, WebXtender, xPression, xPresso, Xtrem, XtremCache, XtremSF, XtremSW, XtremIO, YottaYotta, Zero-Friction Enterprise Storage.This course provides the knowledge and skills necessary to perform basic maintenance on the Unity family of mid-range products. It includes topics on alerts, diagnostic information, health checks, software upgrades, and CRU and FRU replacements.This module focuses on basic alerts, diagnostics, and support functions.Basic maintenance and troubleshooting of the Unity storage system is performed using EMC Unisphere for Unity. Unisphere uses a graphical, application-oriented model with a web-familiar look and feel. The easy navigation and built-in best practices within Unisphere enables the management of advanced storage features without an in-depth understanding of these technologies. In addition, a support ecosystem provides access to learning materials and support resources that make storage management easier than ever. This results in a more efficient and productive environment.Supported browsers include Google Chrome v33 or later, Internet Explorer v10 or later,Mozilla Firefox v28 or later, and Apple Safari v6 or later.This demo will show introduce Unisphere for Unity.Shown here is the System Service Overview page. We can tell from this view that all Storage Processors are running in normal mode, and we can see the software version and serial number of the Unity system. Tasks available here include Test or Change ESRS, Refresh or Review Support Contracts, change Support Credentials, and change Contact Information. These tasks can also be completed in the settings window.Also available on this page are the Service Tasks, Technical Advisories, and Logs tabs. Let’stake a look at what is available in the Service Tasks tab.Now we have selected the Service Tasks tab. On this page there are a number of storage system tasks as well as some Storage Processor tasks. Note that you can click on the More Information link next to each task for the complete details. The link will bring you to the corresponding help page in Unisphere. Let’s take a look at the various storage system tasks first.To assist with diagnosing and resolving problems with your system, you can collect detailed information about your system and save it to a file.To proceed, highlight the Collect Service Information task and click on the Execute button.In the window that opens, you can select a collection file that already exists for download, or you can create a new one. To download an existing file, highlight it and select the download icon in the upper left hand corner. To create a new one, click on the Add icon (plus sign).It will take up to 10 minutes for the data collection to complete. Once it is complete, youcan select it and save the file a local directory or an external storage location.The Save Configuration task saves details about the current system configuration settings to a local file. The configuration details include information about the system specifications, users, installed licenses, storage resources, storage servers, and hosts. A service provider can use this file to assist with reconfiguring the storage system after a major system failure or system reinitialization. You can also use this file to keep a record of system configuration changes. The configuration settings should be saved after each major configuration change to ensure there is a current copy of the file.Note that only the details about the system configuration are saved to the file. You cannotrestore your system data from this file.The Restart Management Software task is used to resolve connection problems between the storage system and Unisphere. Note that you cannot restart the management software when both Storage Processors are in Service Mode. To proceed, highlight the Restart Management Software task and click on Execute. Restarting the management software will disconnect the current management session, but will not disrupt data access to the storage system. You will not be able to manage the storage system during this time. Wait three to five minutes while the management software restarts.You will see alerts indicating that the connection to the system is down. When themanagement software has restarted, you will see alerts indicating that the connection is up.The Reinitialize service task resets the entire system to the original, default factory settings. Before you begin, all Storage Processors must be present in the system, operating normally, and in Service Mode. Once both SPs are in the service mode, you must log into Unisphere as the service user and run the Reinitialize Service Task. Note that reinitializing will destroy all system configuration settings and stored data on the system. After reinitializing the system, you will need to copy all data to the system from an external storage system, such as a backup server. The reinitialization can take 90 to 120 minutes to complete.When system reinitialization has completed, the system reboots and is ready to be configured. Use the Connection Utility to establish an initial network connection to the system and then log in to Unisphere and run the Initial Configuration Wizard to configurethe system.The Change Service Password task allows you to change the service password. The service account is used to execute service tasks on the Unity storage system. Note that this will notaffect the users and groups in the settings menu.The system shut down or power down procedure involves shutting down the Storage Processors (SPs). When all SPs are down, all I/O services stop and hosts lose access to the system. Before performing this procedure, it is recommended that you disconnect all network shares, LUNs, and VMware datastores from each host to prevent data loss. When the system is fully powered up, you can reconnect the hosts to these storage resources.The shutdown process can take between 10 to 20 minutes to complete. During this time, the connection to the system will be lost and you will not have access to Unisphere or the online help. It is important that you print the power up instructions from the help menu to be sure you have all of the information you need to power up the system. You will need to physically remove power from the SPs and then reconnect them to power the system back up. The system has shutdown and the power can be removed from the SPs when the StatusFault LED is blinking amber and the power LED is solid Green.To connect to the system and perform advanced system maintenance, you need to enable the Secure Shell (SSH) protocol on the storage system. To enable SSH, highlight the task and click Execute. You will be prompted for the service password. This service action allows you to run service tools, such as service actions or service scripts, on the storage system. Once SSH is enabled, you or your service provider can run the tools through a service portal. When the service tools have finished running, disable the SSH protocol to ensure that the system is secure. To learn more about using service commands, refer to the UnityService Commands Technical Notes document available on .The Enter Service Mode task is a Storage Processor service task, meaning it applies to an individual SP, and not to the storage system as a whole. Entering service mode may be required to reimage an SP, reinitialize the storage system, or replace certain hardware components. An SP will also automatically enter service mode when it is unable to resolve an issue and thus requires intervention.When an SP enters service mode it stops servicing I/O to hosts and all I/O loads on the SP fail over to the peer SP, if it is healthy.Once you select the task and click Execute, you will be prompted for the service password. Wait at least 10 minutes for the SP to enter service mode and do not attempt any actions in Unisphere until it has completed.To verify that the SP is in service mode, check that the Mode field displays Service. Here, both SP Modes are reported as Normal. Note that Unisphere may not refresh automatically. If prompted, reload Unisphere. If not, refresh the browser manually. To physically confirmthe SP is in service mode, ensure the SP fault LED flashes alternating amber and blue.The Reboot an SP task can resolve minor problems with the SP, its components, or the system software on the SP. This task is also used to reboot an SP that is in service mode to return it to normal mode, provided that the SP is healthy enough to do so. Note that when an SP reboots, it stops servicing I/O to hosts. If the peer SP is healthy and in normal mode, it will service the rebooting SP’s I/O to hosts and it’s write cache will remain enabled.Once you highlight the task and click Execute, you will be prompted for the service password. After waiting a few minutes and refreshing Unisphere, confirm the SP reboot hascompleted by noting the SP Mode Field. It should display a Normal Mode.In order to monitor the SP boot process, you need to establish a Serial Over LAN (SOL) connection to the SP service port. This is accomplished using the IPMI tool. The IPMI tool can be found on by searching the Unity Support Tools section. First, install the tool to the C:\ directory of your service laptop. Next, set your local network adapter to the IP address 128.221.1.250 and then issue the command shown to connect to SP A. If you need to connect to both SP A and SPB, you can connect to the service ports via a small Ethernet switch. Open another command prompt window and issue the command again to SP B. It is the same command except that the IP address for the service port for SP B ends in 253.Please refer to the EMC IPMI Tool Technical Notes document available on for the complete details.The Reimage a Storage Processor (SP) task is used to safely fix problems with the system software that could not be resolved by rebooting the SP. Reimaging reinstalls the system's root operating system while leaving the user's data intact. The system configuration settings and stored files will not be changed.Reimaging an SP requires that it is first placed in service mode. That is why the Execute button for this task is now greyed out. Once you have the SP in service mode and execute the reimage task, wait at least 20 minutes while the system reimages the SP and do not attempt any actions in Unisphere until it has completed. After it has completed reimaging, it will boot into service mode. You can then use the reboot service task to reboot it to NormalMode.Now that we’ve looked at all of the service tasks, let’s take a look at the other two tabs in the System Service window. The Technical Advisories tab displays up-to-date, real time information and advisories specific to your system from the Knowledgebase available on the support website. Here you can select an advisory from the list and choose the link in the Knowledgebase Number column. A new Web browser displays the technical advisory article from the support website. Note that you can customize the view as well as sort, filter, andexport data.The Unity storage system monitors and reports on a variety of system events. These events are collected and written to a log shown here in the System Service Logs window. Note that you can customize the view as well as sort and filter data by date and time, user, source SP, Category and Message. You can also configure remote logging. Click on the Manage Remote Logging link to navigate directly to the Specify Remote Logging Configuration section in the System Settings menu.To configure remote logging, the remote host must be accessible from the storage system. By default, the storage system transfers log information on port 514 using the UDP protocol. For more information on setting up and running a remote syslog server, refer tothe documentation for the operating system running on the remote system.The Unisphere Support page can be reached via the navigation pane on the left. The Support page provides links to resources for learning about and getting assistance with your storage system. Options include watching how-to videos, accessing online training modules, downloading the latest product software, searching and participating in the online community, and much more.You can also access support options through the product's support website. To register your system, download licenses, or obtain updated software, you must first establish a supportaccount.The tools available for Unity Implementation are shown in the next two slides. These tools are intended for Service Enabled Partners and EMC Support Personnel.Shown here are the remaining Unity implementation tools.This module focuses on the Software and Licenses section of the Unisphere Settings menu.Navigate to the Settings menu by selecting the settings icon in the upper right corner of Unisphere. Shown here is the Software and Licenses menu. Notice that there are links to get a license online and install a license. As we can see here, in this case, the issued license does not include Data at Rest Encryption. Note that Unity storage systems are orderable as either encrypted or non-encrypted. The encryption state is set the first time a license is applied and you cannot apply another license at a later time to enable or disable encryption.A destructive reinitialization would be required to change the encryption state.Let’s take a look at the Disk Firmware menu next.Shown here is the Disk Firmware menu. Here we can view the current firmware, obtain new firmware online, and install firmware.On the Language Packs page, we can obtain and install optional language packs.Shown here are the system limits. Now let’s take a look at the Software Upgrades menu.As we can see in the Software Upgrades page the current UnityOS version and release date are displayed. Here we can download new software, start an upgrade, or perform a health check.Selecting the Perform Health Checks button will begin a Pre-Upgrade Health Check. A health check is a series of checks on the state of the storage system. Performing a system health check helps ensure that no underlying problems exist that may prevent a successful software upgrade. If there are no problems with the storage system, the health check should complete in a few minutes and should report “The storage system's health checks have successfully completed” as shown here. If any issues are reported, they must be dealtwith prior to proceeding with a software upgrade. Now let’s try the software upgrade.This demos will show the Unity software upgrade.This module focuses on CRU and FRU replacements.These demos can be viewed in the elearning course.This course covered the basic maintenance of the Unity storage system. This concludes the training.。

Synopsys TestMAX

DATASHEETOverview Synopsys TestMAX™ Advisor, performs RTL testability analysis and optimization, allowing users to fine-tune RTL early in the design cycle to predictably meet manufacturing and in-system test coverage goals. Advisor is commonly used throughout the design implementation flow at various handoff points when the designs content changes.Advisor checks for testability issues in advance, checking how suitable the RTL or NetList is for test and checks to see if it is ready for DFT logic insertion. Advisor also performs analysis to determine where to place these DFT structures called test points that can improve the results of ATPG or Logic BIST.Advisor is built on Synopsys SpyGlass ® technology and provides a comprehensive set of early RTL testability analysis capabilities as well as allows the traditional netlist-based flow.Key Benefits:• Shortens test implementation time and cost by ensuring RTL or netlist is scan-compliant • Improves test quality by diagnosing DFT issues early at RTL or netlist • Detects source of static and dynamic X Capture and provides impact analysis • Reduce ATPG pattern counts and run times and improve coverage • Systematically check DFT connections Key Features:• DFT violation checking • ATPG coverage estimation • Test Robustness and Glitch Monitoring • Test Points Selection • Connectivity Validation (facilitates design agnostic custom methodology)DFT Violation Checks TestMAX Advisor can be used to check a design for DFT violations, and this provides an early insight into the testability problems, it also speeds up time to DFT and ensures that RTL is scan ready. Resolving at-speed test issues at the RTL can save weeks of effort. TestMAX Advisor identifies timing closure issues caused by at speed tests, which often achieve lower fault coverage than required even when full-scan is utilized, and the stuck-at coverage is high.Design-for-testrule checkingand RTL faultcoverage estimationcapabilities that helpdesigners pinpointtestability issuesearly in the flowTestMAX Advisor Address Testability Issues EarlyTestMAX Advisor also performs lint checking to ensure the RTL or netlist can achieve maximum ATPG coverage. The tool verifies that the design meets scan DRC requirements, providing detailed audit reports that help designers identify missing test constraints and make appropriate modifications to the design to address scan issues. It also verifies that a multi-voltage design complies with low-power DFT rules. For example, one type of check ensures that low-power constraints are compatible with scan test requirements; another type, applicable to netlists, verifies that scan chains do not cross voltage domains without level shifters.ATPG Coverage EstimationTestMAX Advisor provides the maximum achievable ATPG coverage estimate for the design, and reports the hierarchical coverage estimate for the sub blocks and hierarchies. This helps to determine whether the coverage goal can be achieved, and which blocks or hierarchies are contributing to coverage last for the entire design. One of the important features of TestMAX Advisor is ATPG coverage estimation. The tool provides consistent and repeatable correlation between RTL and ATPG test coverage. For Stuck-at TestMAX Advisor’s coverage estimate correlates within 1% to the actual ATPG coverage. Whereas for transition delay, TestMAX Advisor’s coverage estimate correlates within 5% to the actual ATPG coverage. These correlations are expected provided that the DFT constraints are aligned between TestMAX Advisor and ATPG.Test Robustness and ReliabilityGlitch detection is the process of identifying and preventing glitches in the register-transfer level (RTL). Glitches can be causedby a number of factors including asynchronous signal transitions, clock domain crossing (CDC), sequential logic and timing errors. Testability profiling assesses test robustness, the susceptibility of test patterns to electrical glitches and identifies RTL constructs that limit maximum stuck-at and transition fault coverage. Rule violations always reference the RTL so that designers know exactly where to make changes. To easily diagnose testability issues in the RTL, TestMAX Advisor provides an intuitive, integrated debug environment that enables cross-probing among views.Test Point SelectionSome of the faults in the design are ATPG testable but difficult to test. TestMAX Advisor identifies hard-to-test areas in the design and reports an ordered list of test points that can be inserted at hard to control and observe points to improve test coverage and reduce pattern count. The test points identified by TestMAX Advisor can then be inserted by TestMAX DFT. To reduce area congestion, physically-aware test points are supported where physical information about the test points selected by TestMAX Advisor canbe used by Design Compiler® NXT and Fusion Compiler™ (as shown in the Synopsys design flow in Figure 1 and Figure 2). Test points are grouped based on physical data, allowing one flop to be shared across multiple test points, resulting in significant area overhead reduction.A fault is deemed hard-to-detect if it has a very low probability of detection in a test composed entirely of randomly generated patterns. TestMAX Advisor analyzes random pattern coverage to identify hard-to-detect faults and suggests changes to meet testability goals. The random pattern coverage estimation is displayed in a hierarchical fault browser. Designers can quickly zoom into the blocks that have significant low coverage and further analyze which portion of the design leads to poor coverage. Connectivity ValidationTestMAX Advisor validates connectivity across hierarchies checking both paths and values. This validation not only applies for test logic added at SoC integration level but also for any logic not related to test. TestMAX Advisor addresses connectivity challenges such as back-to-back on-chip controllers (OCCs) that find no clock control connection. Examples of value checks include PLL resets or clock gating enable pins. Conditional checks are also supported, for example memory sleep controlled by pin at IP level. Connectivity validation can be performed either at RTL or gate-level netlists. Connectivity Checks can also be used to create design-agnostic custom methodologies.Figure 1: TestMAX Advisor addresses testability issues early in the design flow User Interface ExampleThe TestMAX Advisor Integrated debug environment enables cross-probing among views to easily diagnose testability issuesFigure 3: TestMAX Advisor debug environmentFigure 2: TestMAX Advisor in RTL creation flowReference MethodologyThe TestMAX Advisor reference methodology provides a structured, easy-to-use, and comprehensive process for resolving RTL design issues, thereby ensuring high quality RTL with fewer design bugs. The methodology leads to fewer but more meaningful violations, thus saving time for the designer. The methodology documentation and rule sets are provided with TestMAX Advisor. Design FormatsTestMAX Advisor supports the following data formats:• Design: VHDL, Verilog (RTL or netlist), SystemVerilog• Test Models: SPF/CTL• Constraints: SDC and SpyGlass SGDC, Tcl• Power: UPF• Verification: VCD, FSDBFor more information about Synopsys products, support services or training, visit us on the web at , contact your local sales representative or call 650.584.5000©2023 Synopsys, Inc. All rights reserved. Synopsys is a trademark of Synopsys, Inc. in the United States and other countries. A list of Synopsys trademarks isavailable at /copyright.html. All other names mentioned herein are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners.。