湖南师范大学外国语学院语言学专业2008真题

2008年

1.How is a phone different from a phoneme? Illustrate your ideas. (10)

2.What is Co-operative Principle? Explain your answer. (10)

3.What are the main dialectal varieties in a language? Express your ideas with examples. (10)

4.What do you think are the similarities and dissimilarities between learning a first and second

language? (15)

5.Is American English getting more and more formal or informal? Give at least 2 examples.

How has American English influenced British English? Give at 2 examples. (15)

6. Which language phenomena can’t the phrase structure rule describe? What changes should be

made to accommodate them？(20)

7.Do you think that morphology and syntax should be treated as separate areas of study? Give

your views and support them with reasons. (20)

8.Decide whether you agree or disagree to the following statement and give reasons to back up

your views.

Some linguists suggest that we have two kinds of semantics, one that deals with semantic structure and the other that deals with meaning in terms of our experience outside language. In other words, one is intra-linguistic, which we call sense; the other relates to non-linguistic entities, which we call reference. (20)