项目管理Lecture7

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2. Repeatable – formal PM – common process Formal PM procedures established Standard PM techniques & tools used Roles and responsibilities defined especially with regard to use of matrix teams Project Liaison office established to coordinate project efforts Often still without formal project priority system in place Limited PM training Tension between project managers and line managers
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5. Optimized – optimized PM – continuous improvement Project audits, post project appraisals and benchmarking regularly carried out as standard practice PM and information system established to continuously fine tune PM procedures to match best practices PM culture evolves in addition to policies and procedures
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3. Defined – institutionalized PM – singular methodology
Formal project selection system in place Project organization tailored to specific needs Organization-wide PM system established – project proposal/planning templates, project resource allocation, PLC checklist, status report system etc Projects Department - PM practice integrated with overall organizational management Project based reward system in place to recognize effort and performance in projects Participation in projects expected and accepted PM training well established Project audits & post project appraisals regularly carried out
/documents/PRINCE2_Maturity_Model_Version_1.pdf
Different versions of Project Management Maturity Model (PMMM) from PM Solutions, USA; The Project Management Group, UK; APMG, UK Unified Project Management Methodology (UPMM®) from IIL, USA Portfolio, Programme & Project Management Maturity Model (P3M3®), UK /documents/p3m3.pdf
Opening remarks:
Importance of effective project management 30 Percent late Over half 190 percent over budget Over half 220 percent late
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Measuring PM effectiveness
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Purpose of these maturity models
Provide a systematic means to measure an organiozation’s PM process and practice Provide an assessment framework for comparing against best practices (i.e. benchmarking) Help to identify areas that need improvement
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1. Initial – ad hoc PM – common language No formal project selection, organization, management Projects are ad hoc undertakings How projects are managed by individuals may vary No formal PM training Working on projects is often a struggle Should first recognize the importance of PM and establish a common PM language
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PMMM
PM Knowledge areas
Level 1 Initial awareness
Level 2 Repeatable
Level 3 Defined
Level 4 Managed
Level 5 Optimized
Integration management Scope management Time management Cost management Quality management Resource management Communication management Risk management Procurement management
A Project Management Maturity Model describes the foundation of project management excellence Project management maturity refers to organization-wide mastery of skills required to manage project competently Most organizations do not do well
In the detailed framework, each PMMM level is broken into the PLC functions (eg. Planning) and PM knowledge areas (eg. Time management) Each knowledge area is further broken down into specific components (eg. Master Project and Milestone Schedule) PMI’s PM BoK gives detailed descriptions of these PM knowledge areas, associated techniques/tools & performance measures
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Development of PM maturity models
80’s software engineering’s Capability Maturity Model form Carnegie Mellon Many (30+) PM maturity models have been put forward E.g. McCauley (93), Remy (97), Ibbs & Kwak (97),… and many more Recently, OPM3 from PMI (2003), P3M3 of maturity
5. Optimized – optimized PM – continuous improvement 4. Managed – PM system - benchmarking 3. Defined – institutionalized PM – singular methodology 2. Repeatable – formal PM – common process 1. Initial awareness – ad hoc PM – common language
Project Management Maturity Model
Further reading –
Organizational Project Management Maturity Model (OPM3) – An Insider’s Overview /skmadapatu/opm3r5linkedin Project management maturity: An industry benchmark JS Pennypacker, KP Grant - Project Management Journal, 2003 Portfolio, Programme and Project Management Maturity Model (P3M3) Introduction & Guide, OGC UK 2010 /nmsruntime/saveasdialog.asp?lID=456&sID=166
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Examples of PMM models