计算机专业英语科技文献翻译

Fast Retrieval & Efficient Reading
Living in the times of knowledge explosion, we should learn how to find the useful information out of the information ocean. Let’s review some famous quotations on knowledge:
文章的主要内容的信息，具有独立性和自含 An abstract may include method and objective, results, discuss, and 性。它位于正文之前，通常不超过200个词。 conclusion. 由于篇幅有限，必须十分简练，开门见山， 直截了当，不使用多余的词或生僻的词，也 By reading an abstract we will know 避免使用冗长的句子。 talk about. what a paper mainly
(2) This article (paper, essay) approaches (holds, reports, reviews，touches upon, tells of, is about, concerns…)
本文探讨（认为，报告，回顾，论及，叙述， 涉及……）
2. 介绍内容的句子
作者的建议（结论）是……
下面看两篇论文摘要。注意在英 文摘要中，句子的主语通常使用第 三人称，动词的时态以一般现在时 为主。
Abstract This article tells of the importance of metals in daily life, particularly in machine building and engineering metals, of which the most widely used is iron. Therefore, production of iron has much to do with the development of a nation.
(2) 关系代词：
关系代词有词义，在从句中充当句子成分。 who ; whoever ; whom ; whose ; which;whichever; what;whatever 例：
Who will chair the meeting has not yet been decided.
谁主持会议尚未决定。（从句做主语，Who在从 句中做主语）
常用的句型有：
(1)
(2) table.
Examples of …demonstrate that …
Data can be found in graphs and
……的例子表明……
数据显示在图表中。
(3)
Statistics confirm that …
统计数字确认……
3. 关于结论和建议 常用的句型有：
of judicial and legislative restrictions on all types of telecommunications companies. 今天，我宣布，政府将在今后及适当时机， 支持撤消对各电信公司法律上的限制。（从句
做宾语）
注意： whether后面可紧跟 or not； if 后面不能紧跟，必须后移。 如： I don’t care whether or not she will apologize to me. I don’t care if she will apologize to me or not.
过去的情形是一个国家在与其他国家竞争中取
胜的程度依赖于他们的运输基础设施的质量。（从 句做表语）
I
am
announcing
today
that
the
administration will support the removal,
over time and under appropriate conditions,
Knowledge is power.
Quotations on Knowledge
Deng Xiaoping (1904-1997)
Science and technology is the first of productive forces.
Quotations on Knowledge
We say …
(presents, deals gives, points out, discusses, examines, analyses，tries to describe, explores, holds, with, summarizes, investigates, researches into…) 作者回顾（提出、指出、讨论、分析、描述、 探讨、总结、检验、调查、研究……）
本文本论述金属在日常生活中，特别是在机械制造 和工程建设中的重要作用。用于工业的金属称为工程金 属，其中，铁的用途最为广泛。因此，铁的生产对一个 国家的发展关系重大。
A multi-direction GVF snake for the segmentation of skin cancer images
(1)
我们是否需要它，是个难题。（从句做主语）
This experiment leads to the conclusion that unlike charges attract each other. 这个实验导致这样一个结论：异性电荷相吸。 （从句做同位语）
It used to be that nations were more or less successful in their competition with other nations depending upon the quality of their transportation infrastructure.
(3) 关系副词：关系副词有词义，在从句中充
当句子成分。when（何时）; where（何地）; why（为何）; how（如何）。例：
We
must
first
understand
how
the
information market place will operate.
我们必须首先知道信息如何运作。

Hardware
Software
Operation system
Skill Training
An abstract is a statement Abstract 科技论文摘要的写法summarizing
the一篇文章的摘要应能客观地反映该篇 important points of a text.
Time is money. Knowledge is economy.
时间就是金钱。知识就是经济。
Grammar
Noun Clause 名词从句
1. 名词从句的构成及其在句中的作用
名词从句相当于名词，可在句中做
主语、宾语、表语、补足语和同位语。 引起名词从句的关联词有：
从属连词：that (无词义，引起宾语从句 时，有时可省略)；if （当“是否”讲，只用于 宾语从句）；whether （当“是否”讲，可引起 主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句。）从属连词在 从句中不充当任何句子成分。例： Whether we need it is a difficult matter.
科技论文摘要大致包括三个部分： 一、说明论文的主题 二、介绍主要内容 三、提出结论或建议 科技论文的摘要，在结构上和语言
上相当的程式化。以下介绍几种常用句
型以供参考。
1. 通常论文摘要的第一句应点题
常用的句型有：
(1) The author (writer) of the article reviews
Quotations on Knowledge
Archimedes (287-212 BC)
Give me a firm spot on which to stand, and I Biblioteka Baiduill move the earth.
Quotations on Knowledge
F. Bacon (1214-1292)
1. 文章题目 2. 作者 3. 单位 2. 摘要 3. 引言 4. 实验 5. 结果 6. 讨论 7. 结论 8. 附录 9. 致谢 10. 参考文献
Keywords:
Computer security
Artifical intelligence
Virtual reality
Multimedia information superhighway Image processing Internet CAD Information processing computer vision

A multi-direction gradient vector flow (GVF) snake-based scheme is proposed in this paper for the segmentation of skin cancer images. Unlike the traditional anisotropic（各向异性的） diffusion (AD) filter, which has many disadvantages such as sensitivity to noise, a new AD filter has been developed to remove the noise. The proposed AD filter uses adaptive threshold selection and a new gradient computation method, which is robust to noise and can effectively remove the hairs. After the noise is removed from the skin cancer image, the image is segmented using a multi-direction GVF snake. The multi-direction GVF snake extends the single direction GVF snake and traces the boundary of the skin cancer even if there are other objects near the skin cancer region. Experiments performed on 11 cancer images show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
(1) The author (writer) suggests (recommends, concludes, points out …) that …
作者建议（推荐、得出结论、指出……）……
(2) This article shows (suggests ) that …
本文表明（建议）……
(3)The author’s suggestion (conclusion) is that …
You can call me whatever you like. 你怎么称呼我都行。 （从句做宾语补足语，whatever在从句中做宾语）
Tell us which of you will go to the exhibition. 告诉我们，你们哪一个要去展览馆。
（从句做宾语，which在从句中做主语）
谋篇 – 国际论文写作总体要求
1. Title 2. Author(s) 3. Affiliation(s) 2. Abstract 3. Introduction 4. Experimental procedure 5. Results 6. Discussion 7. Conclusions 8. Appendix 9. Acknowledgement 10. References