英语基本句型之一：主系表结构
英语的基本句型
首先我们来看英语的基本句型。
所谓基本句型就是分句结构的几种基本“格局”，也就是千变万化的句子的结构雏形。
这些分句结构雏形和转换形式，衍生出无限的实际使用中的句子。
现代英语的基本句型主要有五种：1. 主—动—补（SVC）结构/主系表结构(表语：predicative)在SVC结构中，谓语动词通常是连系动词（Linking Verb）常见的系动词有：look，seem，appear，sound，feel，taste，smell，grow，get，fall ill/asleep，stand/sit still，become，turn等。
例如：The car is mine. He is older than he looks．He seems interested in the book．The story sounds interesting．The desk feels hard．The cake tastes nice．The flowers smell sweet and nice．You have grown taller than before．He has suddenly fallen ill．He stood quite still．He becomes a teacher when he grew up．He could never turn traitor to his country．注意：有些动词同时也是及物动词，可构成SVO句式，例如：They are tasting the fish．They grow rice in their home town．He's got a chair to sit on．2. 主—动（SV）结构在SV结构中，谓语动词通常是不及物动词（Intransitive Verb）。
Everybody laughed. The children are sleeping. He runs quickly．My ink has run out．The gas has given out．3. 主—动—宾（SVO）结构在SVO结构中，谓语动词通常是及物动词（Transitive Verb）,后跟宾语，带一个宾语的及物动词又叫做“单宾语及物动词”（Mono-transitive Verb）I saw a film yesterday．They found their home easily．They built a house last year．Nobody could answer the question. Liverpool won the game.4. 主—动—宾—宾（SVoO）结构在SVoO结构中，及物动词之后须跟两个宾语（间接宾语和直接宾语），这种动词又叫“双宾语及物动词”（Ditransitive Verb）常见的须带双宾语的动词有give，ask，bring，offer，send，pay，lend，show，tell，buy，get；rob，warn等。
主系表结构的句式
主系表结构的句式一、主系表结构概述写一个句子，其目的是对人、物、事进行描述。
由此，我们可以得出这样一个结论，即：一个句子包括两个部分：描述对象部分和描述内容部分。
描述对象，即：我们要描述的人、物、事，语法上称为主语；描述对象，即：我们对描述对象的具体表述。
在系表结构中，描述内容称为表语，表示主语的身份、属性、状态等。
系动词，又叫连系动词（linking verb），顾名思义，这种动词本身并不表示具体的动作，在句子中起着连接主语和表语的作用。
由此，就构成了“主+系+表”这种句型。
既然能通过“系动词”把“主”和“表”连系起来，这就要求“主”和“表”是一致的，即在人称、属性等方面是有共性的，而不是相互排斥的。
我们可以简单理解为：主=系（等于号）或主≈表（约等于号）。
（等号和约等于号，是理解系表结构的关键。
抓住这层关系是彻底领悟该句型的核心！）二、be为系动词的主系表结构be为系动词的主系表结构，即句型结构为：主+be+表。
关于be 作系动词，笔者在头条有文章详细讲述过，可参阅：（主+be+表句型，3句话，轻松搞定）。
这里简单说一下。
be无实际意义，仅起连系主表作用，但不可丢失。
这一点对于初学者尤其需要重视。
描述对象是人、物、事，比较容易理解，对于描述对象（表语），这里总结出三种最简单，也是最需要掌握的表语。
1、表语来表示主语“是什么”例句：我哥是老师。
My brother is a teacher.2、表语表示主语“怎么了”例句：我累了。
I am tired.3、表语表示主语“在哪里”例句：他的自行车在树下。
His bike is under the tree.总结：①在“主+be+表”结构中，be相当于“=”；②be千万不可丢，尤其是表语用来表示主语“怎么了”和“在哪里”这两种情况。
三、非be系动词的主系表结构be相当于“=”（等于号），那么非be就相当于“≈”（约等于号）。
所谓“≈”，即非be系动词：一则起着连系主表的作用；二则本身还有一定的含义。
基本句型一主系表
05 主系表句型的常见错误
主语与系动词不一致
总结词
主语与系动词不一致是主系表句型中常见的 错误之一，会导致句子意义不明确或产生歧 义。
详细描述
在主系表结构中，主语和系动词必须保持一 致，即主语的性别、数和时态应与系动词保 持一致。例如，“The book is written by him.”中，“The book”是单数第三人称主 语，而“is written”是被动语态的系动词，
系动词常见的有 “be”、“seem” 、“appear”、 “become”、 “remain”等。
系动词在句子中起着 承上启下的作用，使 句子结构更加完整和 流畅。
表语
表语是用来说明主语的身份、特征、 状态等的成分，通常紧跟在系动词之 后。
表语的作用是进一步补充和完善句子 的信息，使句子意思更加完整和清晰。
纠错与总结
及时纠正语法错误，总结常见的错 误类型和解决方法。
THANKS FOR WATCHING
感谢您的观看
保持了一致性。如果将主语改为复数形式 “The books”，则应将系动词相应地改为
“are written”。
表语使用不当
总结词
表语使用不当是主系表句型中的常见错误，可能导致句子意义不完整或表达不准确。
详细描述
表语是用来描述主语的属性或状态的，因此应选择准确、贴切的词语来描述。例如，“The movie is excellent.”中，“excellent”是形容词短语作表语，准确地描述了电影的质量。如果 将表语改为名词短语“The movie is a blockbuster.”虽然语法正确，但表达意义不完全相同。
主系表结构
主（语）＋系（动词）＋表（语）结构所谓主系表结构就是英语句子中的主要成分是主语、系动词和表语。
一．主语（Subject ）主语是五种基本句型都具备的，是一句话的中心。
从位置上来看，主语一般在句子开头，也就是一个句子的“头把交椅”；从意义上理解，主语一般是一个句子的“陈述对象”，表示所说的是谁或是什么，后面的一切都是针对主语来说的。
主语主要由名词、动名词、代词或起名词作用的短语或从句来充当。
英语中主语一般不省略。
例如：Li Lei is a Chinese boy. （Li Lei 是名词，作主语。
）He is from England. （He 是代词，作主语。
）Feeding the birds is my hobby. （“Feeding the birds ”是动名词短语，作主语。
）What she said is right. （“What she said ”是从句，作主语。
）二．系动词（Link verb ）系动词本身有一定的词义，但不能独立作谓语，必须和句子中的表语一起构成谓语。
简单地说，将主语和表语联系在一起，并构成一个完整句子的动词就叫做系动词。
系动词的数量是有限的，其分类及用法如下：1. 状态系动词用来表示主语状态，只有be一词，是最重要的系动词，主语不同，be的形式也不同，且有时态的变化。
通常表示主语的特征、状态和身份等，后面接形容词、副词、名词、介词短语、不定式、v-ing、过去分词及表语从句作表语。
特别要注意“由be+过去分词”所构成的系表结构与“由be+过去分词”所构成的被动语态的区别。
前者侧重于表示主语的特征或所处的状态，通常没有由by引导的介词短语。
如：The door was closed. 后者侧重于强调主语是谓语动词所示动作的承受者，表示动作；句中可以用由by引导的介词短语。
如：The door was closed by me. 还要注意“由be+ V-ing”所构成的系表结构与“由be+ V-ing”所构成的进行时态的区别。
最新整理英语基本句型之一：主系表结构只是分享
英语基本句型讲练1. 主系表结构：主语+系动词+表语Link verbs: be, look, feel, sound, seem, taste, smell, become, go, turn, get, grow, prove, fall, keep, remain, stay, lie, stand, turn oute.g. 1) Smith is a boss/over 40/ smart/ in a room/ to go to see a film/ excited/out2) Her job is looking after the baby.3) This dictionary is not hers but mine.4) She looks happy/ felt happy/ fell ill/ went mad.5) It is no use/ useless doing it now.2. Exx.(高考书面表达P6)Grammar Link verbs系动词又叫连系动词：它是中学英语中的重要语法项目之一，也是历届高考考查重点和热点。
I：用法连系动词本身有一定的词义，但不能独立作谓语，必须与表语一起构成谓语。
表语通常由名词、形容词，或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语等充当，说明主语是什么或怎么样。
II：分类英语中最常用的连系动词有20个左右，一般分为四类：1：“存在”类：表示存在或具有某种特征或状态。
这类连系动词强调“存在”。
常见的有：be (是)，seem(似乎是)，appear(似乎、显得)，prove (证明是) 等。
例如：You are a student, aren’t you?你是学生，对吗？He is very disappointed with the results of his examinations.他对考试结果很失望。
Who looks after your dog while you are out? 你不在家谁来照料你的小狗？The theory he stuck to proved (to be) correct.他所坚持的理论证明是正确的。
英语主系表结构
五种基本句型——主系表结构之杨若古兰创作主（语）＋系（动词）＋表（语）主语，主语是五种基本句型都具备的.从地位上来看，主语普通在句子开头，也就是一个句子的“头把交椅”.从意义上理解，主语普通是一个句子的“陈述对象”，后面的一切都是针对主语来说的.主语普通是名词或代词（当然还有其他，这里暂且具体讨论）系动词是联系动词的简称，顾名思义，它是起到联系感化的动词，是连接主语和表语的.系动词的数量是无限的，罕见的只要十来个，我们把它们分成四组，如许有助于我们记忆系动词：一、 be动词类： am、 is 、are 、was 、were二、暗示变更类：become、 get 、 turn 、 grow 、go三、感官动词类: 眼（look ）耳(sound)鼻(smell)舌(taste)身(feel)四、暗示延续性的动词：remain 、stay 、keep表语从地位上来讲，它老是在系动词后面（系动词和表语关系甚为紧密，没有系动词，就没有表语：没有表语，就没有系动词.二从意义上讲，表语通常是来说明主语的性质、特征的.表语通常是由描述词、介词短语、名词、代词、动词不定式、doing 等来充当.上面就是对主系表结构的简要介绍，其中，系动词是主系表结构的核心，它是这个结构的标记，看到了系动词，也就能立刻判断出句子的结构是主系表，是以，记住系动词非常主要.练习找出上面句子中的主语、系动词及表语，并指出主语和表语分别是由什么词性或词类来充当的.1 Tom is a student.2 He is fat.3 I am tired .4 We are students.5 The bag was lost .6 The boy was foolish .7 They were kind.8 She is in the room.9 The books are on the desk.10 Snow is white.11 Kate was here yesterday.12 My father became a teacher in 1978.13 The weather gets hot in summer.14 She looks beautiful.15 The flower smells good.16 We were very happy.17 You are right.18 The soup tastes delicious.19 The chair is yours.20 The children are asleep.21 The story is interesting.22 He feels better today.23 The leaf turns green.24 I stayed awake all the night.25 The weather still remained cold in April.26 The little girl is six.27 My work is to look after the baby.28 His job is taking care of the patient.29 The girl is very pretty.30 He went mad.31 Please don’t get angry.32 The weather is getting colder and colder.33 You look angry.34 She looks like her mother.35 You look unhappy, what’s the matter?36 Those roses smell beautiful.37 This tastes nice. What’s in it?38 Do you feel happy?39 He remained silent.40 The weather is going to stay fine.41 M y job is teaching English．42 She is at home．43 I feel terrible．44 He is older than he looks．他比看上去要老.45 He seen interested in the book．他似乎对这本书感爱好.46 The story sounds interesting．这个故事听起来风趣.47 The desk feels hard．书桌摸起来很硬.48 The cake tastes nice．饼尝起来很喷鼻.49 The flowers smell sweet and nice．花闻起来喷鼻甜.50 You have grown taller than before．你长得比之前高了.51 He has suddenly fallen ill．他突然病倒了.52 He stood quite still．他静静地站看.53 He becomes a teacher .．他当了教师.54 He looks well.他面色好.55 It sounds nice.这个听起来不错.56 I feel good.我感觉好.57 The egg smells bad.这个鸡蛋难闻.58 He became a teacher at last.59 His face turned red.60 Is he an English teacher, Chinese teacher or Japanese teacher? 他是一个英语、汉语还是日语老师？练习答案找出上面句子中的主语、系动词及表语，并指出主语和表语分别是由什么词性或词类来充当的.1 Tom is a student. 汤姆是一个先生.Tom主语，名词 a student表语名词2 He is fat. 他很胖.He主语，代词 fat表语，描述词3 I am tired .我累了I 主语，代词 tired表语，描述词4 We are students.我们是先生.We 主语，代词 students表语，名词5 The bag was lost.包丢了.The bag 主语，名词 lost丢，描述词，表语6 The boy is foolish.这男孩是笨拙的.The boy主语，名词foolish笨拙的，描述词，表语7 They were kind.他们很亲切.They主语，代词 kind.亲切的，和蔼的，描述词，表语8 She is in the room.她在屋里.She 主语，代词 in the room.在屋里，介词短语，表语9 The books are on the desk.书在桌子上.The books 主语，名词 on the desk.在桌子上，介词短语，表语10 Snow is white.雪是白色的.Snow 主语，名词 white白色的，描述词，表语11 Kate was here yesterday.凯特昨天在这.Kate主语，名词 here 代词，表语 yesterday时间状语12 My father became a teacher in 1978.我爸爸在1978年成为一位教师.My father 主语，名词 a teacher名词，表语 in 1978.时间状语13 The weather gets hot in summer.炎天，天气变热了.The weather主语，名词 hot 描述词表语in summer时间状语14 She looks beautiful.她看起来很漂亮.She 主语，代词 beautiful表语，描述词15 The flower smells good.花闻起来很喷鼻.The flower 主语，名词 good描述词，表语16 We were very happy.我们很高兴.We 主语，代词 very happy表语，描述词17 You are right.你对了.You主语，代词 right描述词，表语18 The soup tastes delicious.汤尝起来美味.The soup主语，名词delicious美味的，描述词，表语19 The chair is yours.椅子是你的.The chair 主语，名词yours表语，物主代词20 The children are asleep.孩子们睡着了.The children主语，名词 asleep表语，描述词21 The story is interesting.这故事挺风趣.The story 主语，名词 interesting描述词，表语22 He feels better today.他今天感觉不错.He 主语，代词 better 描述词，表语today时间状语23 The leaf turns green. 树叶变绿了.The leaf 主语，名词green表语，描述词24 I stayed awake all the night.我整夜没睡.I 主语，代词 awake 描述词，表语all the night时间状语25 The weather still remained cold in April.四月份天气在仍很冷.The weather 主语，名词 cold 描述词，口号in April时间状语26 The little girl is six.这小女孩六岁了.The little girl主语，名词six数词，表语27 My work is to look after the baby.我的工作是照看小孩.My work 主语，名词 to look after the baby动词不定式短语做表语28 His job is taking care of the patient.他的工作是赐顾帮衬病人.His job 主语，名词 taking care of the patient动名词短语做表语29 The girl is very pretty.这女孩很漂亮.The girl主语，名词very pretty.描述词，表语30 He went mad.他疯了.He 主语，代词 mad描述词，表语31 Please don’t get angry.请不要生气.祈使句，缺少主语，get做系动词，后边的做表语32 The weather is getting colder and colder.天变的愈来愈冷了，The weather 主语，名词 colder and colder描述词短语做表语，描述词比较级and描述词比较级暗示一个渐变的过程.33 You look angry.你生气了.You 主语，代词 angry描述词，表语34 She looks like her mother.她看起来象她妈妈.She 主语，名词her mother名词，表语35 You look unhappy, what’s the matter?你看起来不高兴，怎样了.You 主语，名词 unhappy描述词，表语36 Those roses smell good.这些玫瑰花闻气来很喷鼻 .Those roses主语，名词 good描述词，表语37 This tastes nice. What’s in it? 这东西尝起来不错，它里边包的什么？This 代词，主语 nice描述词，表语38 Do you feel happy? 感觉快乐么.Do you feel happy? 普通疑问句，do助动词提前，you主语，代词，happy描述词，表语39 He remained silent.他坚持沉默.He 主语，代词 silent描述词，表语40 The weather is going to stay fine.天气将持续晴朗.The weather 主语，名词 fine描述词，表语41 M y job is teaching English．我的工作是教英语.M y job 主语，名词 English名词，表语42 She is at home．她在家呢.She 主语，代词 at home介词短语做表语43 I feel terrible．我感觉很可怕.I 主语，代词 terrible描述词，表语44 He is older than he looks．他比看上去要老.He 主语，代词 older than he looks表语，描述词短语45 He seen interested in the book．他似乎对这本书感爱好. He 主语，代词 the book名词，表语46 The story sounds interesting．这个故事听起来风趣.The story 主语，名词 interesting描述词，表语47 The desk feels hard．书桌摸起来很硬.The desk 主语，名词 hard描述词，表语48 The cake tastes nice．饼尝起来很喷鼻.The cake名词，主语 nice描述词，表语49 The flowers smell sweet and nice．花闻起来喷鼻甜.The flowers主语，名词 sweet and nice并列描述词做表语50 You have grown taller than before．你长得比之前高了. You 主语，代词taller than before描述词短语做表语51 He has suddenly fallen ill．他突然病倒了.He主语，代词 ill描述词做表语52 He stood quite still．他静静地站看.He主语，代词 still描述词做表语53 He becomes a teacher ．他当了教师.He主语，代词 a teacher名词做表语54 He looks well.他面色好.He主语，代词 well描述词做表语55 It sounds nice.这个听起来不错.It主语，代词 nice描述词做表语56 I feel good.我感觉好.I主语，代词 good描述词做表语57 The egg smells bad.这个鸡蛋难闻.The egg主语，名词 bad描述词做表语58 He became a teacher at last.他终极成了一位教师.He主语，代词 a teacher名词做表语59 His face turned red.他的脸变红了.His face名词做主语 red描述词做表语60 Is he an English teacher, Chinese teacher or Japanese teacher?他是一个英语、汉语还是日语老师？普通疑问句式，He主语，代词 an English teacher名词做表语。
高考英语考点 54句型基本结构
考点五十四句型基本结构基本句型一：主系表结构本句型由“主语（S）+系动词（V）+表语（P）”构成。
本句型的共同特点是：动词不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语的身份、特征、类属、状态等的表语。
系动词除了be动词之外，还有:1.表示感官的动词：feel, appear, look, smell, taste, sound等;2.表示状态延续的动词：remain, stay, keep, continue等;3.表示转变、变化的动词：become, get, turn, go, run, fall, come, grow等。
例如：①You are beautiful.②Tom is a student.③The potatoes went bad.④The weather remains fine.⑤Leaves turn yellow.基本句型二：主谓结构本句型由“主语（S）+不及物动词（Vi）”构成。
本句型的共同特点是：句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思，这类动词叫做不及物动词，动词后面还可以跟副词、介词短语和状语从句等。
本句型常用来表示主语的动作。
例如：①Tom has arrived.②The sun rises in the east.③They travelled by air .④She sat there alone.⑤Weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake.基本句型三：主谓宾结构本句型由“主语（S）+及物动词（Vt）+宾语（O）”构成。
本句型的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整，这类动词叫做及物动词。
作宾语的可以是：名词、代词、动词不定式、疑问词+动词不定式、动词-ing形式和从句。
例如：①He teaches English.②I love you.③I like to stay at home on Sundays.④I don’t know how to learn English.⑤She stopped teaching English two years ago.⑥She said that she would study hard.基本句型四：双宾语结构本句型由“主语（S）+及物动词（Vt）+间接宾语（IO）+直接宾语（DO）”组成。
英语主系表例句
英语主系表例句主系表句型结构是主语+系动词+表语。
其中，1、主语通常是名词或代词。
2、系动词包含be动词、感官动词、延续性动词以及表示变化类的动词。
其中，be动词有is、are、am、was、were，感官动词有look、sound、smell等，延续性动词有stay、keep等，表示变化类的动词有become、get、turn等。
3、表语通常用于说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征等，其常位于系动词之后，由名词、形容词、介词短语、动名词、不定式、副词来充当。
例句：1、My hobby is reading. （我的爱好是读书。
）2、The story seemed interesting.（这个故事看起来很有趣。
）3、The window seemed broken.（窗口似乎打破了。
）4、His job is teaching English.（他的工作是教英语。
）5、Her plan is to become the winner in the game.（她的计划是成为游戏的赢家。
6、The question is whether he will come here in time tomorrow.（问题是他是否会在明天来这里的时候。
）7、The question is what he is going to do next.（问题是他接下来要做什么。
）8、The question is how he has managed to solve the problem by himself.（问题是他是如何设法自己解决问题。
）9、Joy turned doctor after school.（乔伊毕业后当了医生。
）10、The leaf will turn yellow in autumn.（树叶在秋天会变黄。
）。
主系表的句子
主系表的句子主系表的句子是英语语法中非常重要的一种句型结构。
它由主语、系动词和表语组成，能够表达主语的状态、特征、性质等信息。
在英语中，主系表句型广泛应用于日常生活和学术领域中，是我们进行表述和交流的重要工具。
本文将从主系表的定义、构成、分类和用法等方面进行详细探讨，以期帮助读者更好地掌握这一句型结构。
一、主系表的定义主系表句型是由主语、系动词和表语三个要素构成的句子结构，如下所示：主语 + 系动词 + 表语其中，主语指句子的主体，系动词用来连接主语和表语，表语则是系动词所连接的结果，用来描述主语的状态、性质、特征等。
例如，下面的句子就是一个典型的主系表句型：The sky is blue.其中，主语是“The sky”，系动词是“is”，表语是“blue”。
这个句子表达了天空的特征，即蓝色。
二、主系表的构成主系表句型的构成相对简单，主要由三个要素组成，分别是主语、系动词和表语。
下面分别介绍这三个要素的特点和构成方法。
1. 主语主语是主系表句型中最重要的要素之一，它指出句子中的主体或者是动作的执行者。
主语通常由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词或从句等构成。
例如：My sister is a teacher.She is reading a book.To learn English is important.Swimming is good for health.That he is coming is certain.2. 系动词系动词是主系表句型中的连接词，它用来连接主语和表语，起到承上启下的作用。
系动词通常有be动词（am, is, are, was, were 等）、感官动词（look, feel, smell, taste, sound等）和状态动词（become, seem, appear, remain等）等。
例如：He is a good student.The roses smell fragrant.She looks happy.The weather became cold.3. 表语表语是主系表句型中描述主语状态、性质、特征等的重要要素。
英语五种简单句型主+系+表
“闻起来”s_m__e__ll_ “尝起来”t_a_s_t_e_ “摸起来” f_e_e__l __ “听起来”s__o_u_n_d
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He The apple Trees Your idea
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be ( is am are was were) / 连 seem / keep /…是/好象(似乎)是/
保持 系
look / feel / taste / smell / 动 sound / …看/感觉/尝/闻/听起来
(上去) 词
become / turn / get / grow / … 变得
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9．冬季白天短，夜晚长。
In winter, the days are short and the nights are long.
10．十五岁他就成为有名的钢琴家了。
At the age of fifteen, he became a famous pianist.
11．孩子们很少保持安静。
15．这个报告听起来很有意思。
The report sounds interesting.
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精品
练习
1今天我感觉不太舒服。
I don’t feel very well today. 2 他看上去很累。
He looks very tired. 3 你的汤味道很好。
Your soup tastes very good. 4 她似乎对计划不感兴趣。 She doesn’t seem very interested
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英语基本句型讲练1. 主系表结构：主语+系动词+表语Link verbs: be, look, feel, sound, seem, taste, smell, become, go, turn, get, grow, prove, fall, keep, remain, stay, lie, stand, turn oute.g. 1) Smith is a boss/over 40/ smart/ in a room/ to go to see a film/ excited/out2) Her job is looking after the baby.3) This dictionary is not hers but mine.4) She looks happy/ felt happy/ fell ill/ went mad.5) It is no use/ useless doing it now.2. Exx.(高考书面表达P6)Grammar Link verbs系动词又叫连系动词：它是中学英语中的重要语法项目之一，也是历届高考考查重点和热点。
I：用法连系动词本身有一定的词义，但不能独立作谓语，必须与表语一起构成谓语。
表语通常由名词、形容词，或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语等充当，说明主语是什么或怎么样。
II：分类英语中最常用的连系动词有20个左右，一般分为四类：1：“存在”类：表示存在或具有某种特征或状态。
这类连系动词强调“存在”。
常见的有：be (是)，seem(似乎是)，appear(似乎、显得)，prove (证明是) 等。
例如：You are a student, aren’t you?你是学生，对吗？He is very disappointed with the results of his examinations.他对考试结果很失望。
Who looks after your dog while you are out? 你不在家谁来照料你的小狗？The theory he stuck to proved (to be) correct.他所坚持的理论证明是正确的。
The maths problem seems difficult. 这道数学题似乎很难。
She appears much younger than she really is. 她看上去比实际上年轻。
（be动词，其后面可以是名词、形容词、分词、副词、介词短语等作表语）2：感官（动词）类表示感情状态的五个感官动词：look看上去, feel摸起来, taste尝起来, smell闻起来, sound听起来: （它们一般不用进行时，也不用被动态）You looks very happy today, what’s the good news? 你今天看来很高兴，什么好消息？What you said sounds reasonable? 你说的话听起来很有道理。
The apple tastes good and sells well. 这苹果尝起来很甜，而且很好卖The dish smelled good(sweet)．那道菜闻起来好香。
3：“持续”类：表示某种情况或状态的持续。
这类连系动词强调“持续”。
常见的有：remain(依然)，keep(保持)，stay(保持)，continue(继续、仍旧)，stand(处于某状况或情形)等。
例如：Why don't you put the meat in the fridge？It will stay fresh for several days.为什么不把肉放在冰箱里？那样可以保鲜好几天。
It's already ten in the morning. The store remains closed. What's the matter?已经10点了，这商店还关着门。
怎么回事？Keep still while I photograph you.我在给你照相时不要乱动。
The weather continued cold.天气持续寒冷。
My father continues in good health.我爸依旧身体健康The door stood open. 门开着。
4. “变化”类：表示由一种情况或状态变化成另一种情况或状态。
这类连系动词强调“变化”后的情况或状态。
常见的有：become (变成)，turn (变成)，grow (变得)，go (变得)等。
例如：Put the fish in the fridge, or it will go bad in hot weather.把鱼放在冰箱里，否则会变坏的。
Spring comes and the trees turn green. 春天来了，树叶变绿了。
It is five years since he became a soldier.他参军五年了。
注意：1. 有些连系动词通常不用于被动语态和进行时态中。
如：feel，taste等词。
2. 一般情况下，连系动词主要跟形容词或分词作表语。
例如：Be careful when you cross this very busy street. If not, you may get run over by a car.3. 能跟名词作表语的连系动词常见的有：be, become, appear, seem, prove, remain和turn等。
The population growth in China remains a problem.中国的人口增长依然是个问题。
He went to New York in 1986, where some time later he became a writer.他1986年去了纽约，过了一段时间他在那成了一位作家。
注：t urn后跟(表示主语身份的)名词作表语时，不加冠词。
例如：Twenty years later, he turned teacher. 二十年后，他成了作家。
4. 连系动词也可跟不定式(to do / to be)，常见的有：appear, seem, remain, prove, look等。
例如。
Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains to be seenwhether they will enjoy it.出国旅游对这对老夫妇来说当然很好，但他们能否玩得愉快还有待看结果。
On the long journey, Peter proved to be a most interesting guide. We all had a wonderfultime. 在这次长途旅行中，皮特证明是一位很有趣的导游。
我们都玩得很开心。
Exercises （A）高考链接1. The traffic lights __________ green and I pulled away. (2006广东)A. cameB. grewC. gotD. went2. The flowers ____ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.(04上海)A. to smellB. smellingC. smeltD. to be smelt3. －I was wondering if we could go skiing on the weekend.－_______good. (2006湖北)A. SoundB. SoundedC. SoundingD. Sounds4. Someone who lacks staying power and perseverance is unlikely to ___ a good researcher.(2006山东) A. make B. turn C. get D. grow5. Tom sounds very much __________ in the job, but I’m not sure whether he can manage it.(2006安徽)A. interestedB. interestingC. interestinglyD. interestedly6. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains ______whetherthey will enjoy it. (2002全国) A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen7. The water _____ cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise. (2006全国)A. was feltB. is feltC. feltD. feels8. Why don’t you put the meat in the fridge? It will _____ fresh for several days. (2003全国)A. be stayedB. stayC. be stayingD. have stayed9. The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _____ as the plane was making alanding. (2004上海春) A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seating10. Be careful when you cross this very busy street. If not, you may _____ run over by a car.(2002北京) A. have B. get C. become D. passed11. Happy birthday, Alice. So you have _____ twenty-one already. (2004天津)A. becomeB. turnedC. grownD. passed12. Sarah, hurry up. I’m afraid you can’t have time to _____ before the party. (2004全国Ⅱ)A. get changedB. get changeC. get changingD. get to change13. On hearing the news of the accident in the coal mine, she _____ pale. (2004湖北)A. gotB. changedC. wentD. appeared14. Emergency line operators must always calm and make sure that they get all theinformation they need to send help.（07湖北）A. growB. appearC. becomeD. stay15．Please remain______ until the plane has come to a complete stop. (07山东) A．to seal B．to be seated C．seating D．seated16.－Mummy, can I put the peaches in the cupboard?－No, dear. They don’t ___ well. Put them in the fridge instead.(02北京)A. keepB. fitC. getD. last17. My parents have always made me about myself, even when I was twelve（07江苏）A. feeling wellB. feeling goodC. feel wellD. feel good18. －Do you like the material?－Yes, it _____ very soft. ((94全国) A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is felt19. What he said sounds_______. (1993上海)A. nicelyB. pleasantlyC. friendlyD. wonderfully20. Although he has taken a lot of medicine, his health _____ poor. (2002春上海)A. provesB. remainsC. maintainsD. continues21．—Do you like the material?—Yes, it _____ very soft. (1994全国)A. is feelingB. feltC. feelsD. is felt（B）巩固训练1. He turned ____ ten years ago but later he became _____.A. a teacher; a doctorB. teacher; doctorC. teacher; a doctorD. a teacher; doctor2. The dog _____lost yesterday.A. gotB. becameC. turnedD. fell3. The old man must have ____ mad.A. goneB. turnedC. fallenD. driven4. I am afraid the weather will _____ hot for a few days.A. lastB. be lastedC. stayD. be stayed5. I love to go to the seaside in summer. It _____ good to lie in the sun or swim in the cool sea.A. doesB. feelsC. getsD. makes6. It was so large a hall that a hundred people looked ___ in it.A. losingB. lostC. to loseD. having lost7. As time went on, the theory he stuck ______ correct.A. to provingB. to proveC. to provedD. proved8.－Why do you look so sad?－There are many problems _________.A. remaining to settleB. remained to settleC. remaining to be settledD. remained to be settled9.After the big flood, very little ______ in the house.A. keptB. remainedC. leftD. continued10. ________________, the bananas sold well.A. Looking nice and tasting goodB. looked nice and tasted goodC. Looking nicely and tasting wellD. Being looked nice and tasted good答案：1—5 DBDAA 6—10 BCBCB 11—15 BACDD 16—20 ADCCB Key: 1—5 CAACB 6—10 BCCBAThere be 结构：历年高考真题与提升训练选编1.____ is no need for us to discuss the problem again since it has already beensettled.(1991上海)A．It has B. There has C. It is D. There is2. What a pity my new computer doesn’t work. _____ must be something wrong with it.(1999A. ItB. ThereC. ThisD. That3. Since you have repaired my TV set, _____ is no need for me to buy a new one.(2002上海春A. itB. thereC. thisD. that4. _____ ought to be no trouble because he knew the answers.A. ItB. ThereC. HeD. That5.There seems to be something wrong about it,______?A. wasn’t thereB. isn’t itC. doesn’t itD. doesn’t there6. The waiter spilled wine on the carpet but ____ was no harm done.A. thisB. itC. thatD. there7. There _____ no buses, we had to go home on foot.A. areB. wereC. beingD. to be8. Once upon a time______ a poor farmer who had four sons.A. there livedB. there hadC. it hadD. they had9. ________ great changes in our school since last year.A. There wereB. There had beenC. There have hadD. There have been10. There ____two apples, one watermelon and some bananas in the basket.A. wasB. isC. hasD. areKey: 1—5 DBBBD 6—10 DCADDB. There + be+主语（存在句型）专练1. 英语中的there be 结构主要表示某处存在某物，通常还被称为存在句。