天津市耀华中学2019-2020学年高二上学期英语期末考试试卷(1)

天津市耀华中学2019-2020学年高二上学期英语期末考试试卷

一、单项选择

1.—Do you think he will come to my birthday party? — _______ .

—That's good. Everybody's expecting him.

A. I don't know for sure

B. You can count on it

C. You can believe him

D. It depends

2._______ the right decision _______ our future is probably the most important thing we will ever do in our life.

A. Making, concerned

B. Make, concerning

C. To make, concerned

D. Making, concerning

3.There are many sayings in English urging us to be _______. For example, "Don't put all your eggs in one basket," and "Don't count your chickens before they are hatched."

A. ambitious

B. cautious

C. modest

D. risky

4.Clinical evidence began to ______,suggesting that the new drugs had a wider range of useful activities than had been predicted from experiments in animals.

A. operate

B. strengthen

C. approve

D. accumulate

5.The economical car is big enough for a family of three _______ you need more space for baggage.

A. once

B. because

C. unless

D. if

6.After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, ________ urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive.

A. which

B. who

C. where

D. what

7.To my delight, the students are recycling many things they _______ away in the past.

A. were throwing

B. will be throwing

C. would have thrown

D. had thrown

8.—Do you think it wise for Chinese mothers to try to do everything for their children?

—No, that's they are mistaken.

A. where

B. what

C. when

D. how

9.— The light is so weak that I can't _______ the words in the article.

— Maybe your eyesight is failing.

A. leave out

B. make out

C. check out

D. figure out

10.—How long have you been going to work on foot?

—Since last month when I ________ from a heart attack.

A. recovered

B. have recovered

C. was recovering

D. would recover

二、完形填空

My l4-year-old son, John, and I spotted the coat which was hanging at a secondhand clothing store in Northampton Mass. While the other coats drooped(低垂), this one looked as if it were 1 itself up. The coat had beautiful tailoring, a Fifth Avenue label and a(an) 2 price of $28, which was popular just then with 3 , but could cost several hundred dollars new. This coat was even better, bearing that 4 of classic elegance(优雅). John tried it on and the fit was perfect.

John 5 the coat to school the next day and came home wearing a big smile "Did the kids like your coat?" I asked. "They loved it," he said, 6 folding it over the back of a chair and smoothing it flat. Over the next few weeks, a 7 came over John. Agreement replaced contrariness (作对) and reasoned discussion replaced fierce 8 . He became more mannerly and 9 , eager to please. He would generously loan his younger brother his tapes and lecture him 10 his behavior.

When I mentioned this incident to his teacher and 11 what caused the changes, she said laughing. "It 12 be his coat!" Another teacher told him she was giving him a good 13 not only because he had earned 14 but because she liked his coat. At the library, we ran into a friend "Could this be John?" he asked surprisingly, 15 John's new height, assessing the cut of his coat and extending his hand, one gentleman to another.

John and I both know we should never 16 a person's clothes for the real person within them.

17 there is something to be said for wearing a standard of excellence for the world to see and for

18 what is on the inside to what is on the outside.

For John it is a time when it is as easy to try on different approaches to 19 as it is to try on a coat. The whole world, the whole future is stretched out ahead, a vast landscape 20 all the doors are open. And he could picture himself walking through those doors wearing his wonderful, magical coat.

1. A. turning B. showing C. holding D. hanging

2. A. unreasonable B. expected C. acceptable D. unbelievable

3. A. adults B. teenagers C. women D. strangers

4. A. color B. style C. price D. size

5. A. wore B. carried C. lent D. sent

6. A. carefully B. comfortably C. casually D. quickly

7. A. happiness B. matter C. smile D. change

8. A. doubt B. argument C. fight D. war

9. A. thoughtful B. handsome C. hopeful D. curious

10. A. of B. with C. on D. at

11. A. discovered B. confirmed C. concluded D. wondered

12. A. can B. should C. will D. must

13. A. present B. mark C. word D. result

14. A. it B. them C. this D. one

15. A. taking up B. looking down to C. checking up D. looking up at

16. A. trust B. exchange C. mistake D. regard

17. A. Though B. But C. Since D. So

18. A. matching B. attaching C. relating D. connecting

19. A. career B. life C. study D. success

20. A. how B. why C. where D. when

三、阅读理解

Kincaid looked at his watch: eight-seventeen. The truck started on the second try, and he backed out, shifted gears, and moved slowly down the alley under hazy sun. Through the streets of Bellingham he went, heading south on Washington 11, running along the coast of Puget Sound for a few miles, then following the highway as it swung east a little before meeting U.S Route 20.

Turning into the sun, he began the long, winding drive through the Cascades. He liked this country and felt impressed，stopping now and then to make notes about interesting possibilities for future expeditions or to shoot what he called "memory snapshots." The purpose of these causal photographs was to remind him of places he might want to visit again and approach more seriously. In later afternoon he turned north at Spokane, picking up U.S Route 2, which would take him halfway across the northern United States to Duluth, Minnesota. He wished for the thousandth time in his life that he had a dog, a golden retriever, maybe, for travels like this and to keep him company at home. But he was frequently away; overseas much of the time and it would not be fair to the animal. Still, he thought about it anyway. In a few years he would be getting too old for the hard fieldwork. "I must get a dog then." He said to himself.

Drives like this always put him into a sentimental mood. The dog was part of it. Robert Kincaid was alone as it's possible to be – an only child, parents both dead, distant relatives who had lost track of him and he of them, no close friends.

He thought about Marian. She had left him nine years ago after five years of marriage. He was fifty–two now, that would make her just under forty. Marian had dreams of becoming a musician, a folksinger. She knew all of the Weavers' songs and sang them pretty well in the coffeehouse of Seattle. When he was home in the old days, he drove her to the shows and sat in the audience while she sang.

His long absences – two or three months sometimes – were hard on the marriage. He knew that. She was aware of what he did when they decided to get married, and both of them had a vague (not clear) sense that it could all be handled somehow. It couldn't when he came from photographing a story in Iceland and, she was gone. The note read, "Robert, it didn't work out, I left you the Harmony guitar. Stay in touch."

He didn't stay in touch. Neither did she. He signed the divorce papers when they arrived a year later and caught a plane for Australia the next day. She had asked for nothing except her freedom.

（1）Which statement is true according to the passage?

A.Kincaid's parents were dead and he only kept in touch with some distant relatives.

B.Kincaid would have had a dog if he hadn't been away from home too much.

C.Kincaid used to have a golden retriever.

D.Kincaid needed a dog in doing his hard fieldwork.

（2）Why did Kincaid stop to take photos while driving?

A.To write “memory snapshots”.

B.To remind himself of places he might want to visit again.

C.To avoid forgetting the way back.

D.To shoot beautiful scenery along the road.

（3）What can you know about Marian?

A.She died after five years of marriage.

B.She was older than Kincaid.

C.She could sing very well and earned big money.

D.She was not a professional pop singer.

（4）We can draw a conclusion from the passage that

A.Marian knew what would happen before she married Kincaid.

B.Kincaid thought his absence would be a problem when he married Marian.

C.It turned out that Marian could not stand Kincaid's absence and left him.

D.After Marian left him, they still kept in touch with each other.

阅读理解

We all, at one time or another, have pretended to be a rock star, singing and dancing along to our favorite song. Most of us have done this in the privacy of our own room when we were kids and as adults, in the privacy of our homes. Me? I love to do that when I drive! I turn on the radio, find a song that I can sing along too and pretty soon my arms are in the air and I am moving along to the rhythm. Most of the time, I do this on my way to work.

Yes, that is true. I will be in my nice work clothes, jamming while driving or stopped at a traffic light. I get weird looks from some people and others laugh. Personally, I love to get lost in the rhythm of a song which leads me to share with you the importance of being silly!

The definition for the word silly, according to the dictionary is: stupid, foolish and nonsensical. I know many people do not want to look foolish. So they walk around all serious, which in all honesty, is foolish!

No one is perfect, I repeat: no one is perfect. I don't care how educated, how thin, how beautiful, how simple, how frugal, how rich, and so on… No one is perfect! So why pretend to be something you are not?

Life is so short… You never know when this beautiful journey will be over, so why waste a single second on being so full of rigidity(呆板)? Here is a quote by Souza, that I think says it all and is a great recipe for life: Dance as though no one is watching you,

Love as though you have never been hurt before,

Sing as though no one can hear you,

Live as though heaven is on earth."

When we were kids, we had no idea of what limitations were and we had no care in the world so we could do things without worrying about how we appeared to others. However, as we grew up, we lost that childlike innocence.

So don't lose the child that still lives within you. The next time you feel down, go turn on your favorite song, and sing and dance along like there is no tomorrow. Or watch something that makes you laugh. Laughter is the best medicine to whatever ails you and nothing is better than laughing so hard that your tummy hurts. Trust me, you will feel a whole lot better, and who doesn't want to feel good?

（1）According to the passage, what does the writer usually do?

A.He pretends to be a rock star.

B.He dances in his own home.

C.He sings songs while going to work.

D.He gets jammed on his way to work.

（2）What do other people think of the writer?

A.They think that the writer is strange.

B.They look down upon the writer.

C.They believe that the writer is lonely.

D.No one is interested in the writer.

（3）What is the writer's opinion about the people who look very serious?

A.They are honest.

B.They are silly.

C.They are perfect.

D.They are educated.

（4）The writer quotes Souza to show that _______.

A.life is a beautiful journey

B.life is full of rigidity

C.life is like a great recipe

D.life is to be treasured

（5）The underlined part "the child" in the last paragraph probably refers to _______.

A.the writer

B.any child

C.the feeling of being a child

D.the time of being a child

阅读理解

Imagine your body is like the house you live in. Every day, your family creates rubbish. The rubbish builds up until it is put out for the weekly garbage collection.

Now, say you put three bags of garbage out, but because one of the collectors was away sick, only two bags are collected. You take the leftover bag inside to be put out again next week. The following week you put out another three bags, plus the leftover bag from last week. But again, only two bags are collected. Imagine this cycle is repeated over the following weeks.

This is a simple description of what happens to your body when your kidneys (肾) don't work efficiently. Your body is not thoroughly emptied of waste products. Other areas of the body such as blood pressure and red blood cell production are affected and the insidious process that may lead to kidney failure begins.

It's not uncommon for people to lose up to 90 percent of their kidney function before developing any symptoms. There may be no warning signs. This makes early detection(诊察) difficult.

Kidney's main job is to remove toxins (毒素) and unwanted water from our blood. Every day our kidneys clean an average of 200 litres of blood. Kidney failure may be a gradual and silent process, going unnoticed because there is no apparent pain.

Research shows that more than 25 percent of patients found to require dialysis (透析) do not see a kidney specialist until less than 90 days before dialysis starts. Some risk factors for kidney disease such as age and genetic make-up are out of our control; however, some changes in lifestyle may help prevent kidney damage. Two major risk factors for kidney disease, diabetes and high blood pressure, have been on the rise over the last

few decades. Both conditions are chiefly affected by being overweight and not getting enough exercise, which are the potential factors for the disease.

（1）The author gives the example of the house we live in to indicate that ________.

A.it's safe and harmless for our body to keep some waste

B.it doesn't matter much if the waste in our body is not emptied in time

C.it's important for our body to empty the waste in time every day

D.our body will not produce any waste if our kidneys work efficiently

（2）The underlined word "insidious" (in Paragraph 3) means ________.

A.gradual and unnoticed

B.apparent and fast

C.smooth and safe

D.painful and long

（3）We can infer that when we find some symptoms related to our kidneys, ________.

A.the kidney failure begins

B.the kidneys may have been seriously damaged

C.we have lost about 10 percent of kidney function

D.the kidneys can still work properly

（4）How many factors of kidney disease are mentioned in the passage?

A.Three.

B.Four.

C.Five.

D.Six.

（5）Which of the following helps prevent kidney damage?

A.Go to see a kidney specialist shortly before dialysis starts.

B.Go to see a kidney specialist whenever you find any warning sign.

C.Try to keep low blood pressure and a stable lifestyle.

D.Take enough exercise and make early detection of kidney disease.

阅读理解

The Diet Zone: A Dangerous Place

Diet Coke, diet Pepsi, diet pills, no-fat diet, vegetable diet… We are surrounded by the word "diet" everywhere we look and listen. We have so easily been attracted by the promise and potential（潜力）of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us. We are paying for products that harm us psychologically and physically. Diet products significantly weaken us psychologically.

On one level, we are not allowing our brain to admit that our weight problems lie not in actually losing the weight, but in controlling the consumption of fatty, high-calorie, unhealthy foods. Diet products allow us to jump over the thinking stage and go straight for the scale(秤) instead. All we have to do is to swallow or recognize the word "diet" in food labels.

On another level, diet products have greater psychological effects. Every time we have a zero-calorie drink, we are telling ourselves without our awareness that we don't have to work to get results. Diet products make people believe that gain comes without pain, and that life can be without resistance and struggle.

The danger of diet products lies not only in the psychological effects they have on us, but also in the physical harm that they cause. Diet foods can indirectly harm our bodies because consuming them instead of healthy foods means we are preventing our bodies from having basic nutrients(营养成分). Diet foods and diet pills contain zero calorie only because the diet industry has created chemicals to produce these wonder products. Diet products may not be nutritional, and the chemical that go into diet products are potentially dangerous.

Now that we are aware of the effects that diet products have on us, it is time to seriously think about buying them. Losing weight lies in the power of minds, not in the power of chemicals. Once we realize this, we will be much better able to resist diet products, and therefore prevent the psychological harm that comes from using them.

（1）From Paragraph 1, we learn that ________.

A.diet products fail to bring out people's potential

B.people have difficulty in choosing diet products

C.diet products are misleading people

D.people are fed up with diet products

（2）In Paragraph 3, "gain comes without pain" probably means_______.

A.losing weight is effortless

B.it costs a lot to lose weight

C.diet products bring no pain

D.diet products are free from calories

（3）Diet products indirectly harm people physically because such products .

A.are over-consumed

https://www.360docs.net/doc/b815987290.html,ck basic nutrients

C.are short of chemicals

D.provide too much energy

（4）Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?

Notes: CP: Central Point P: Point Sp: Sub-point (次要点) C: Conclusion

A. B. C. D.

四、单词填空

16.The Internet has already changed our lives so p ________ that we can't live a day without going online.

17.The vast forests of West Africa ________(缩小)all these years due to the deforestation of local people. Thus the government must come up with an idea to stop it.

18.The map shows the ________(分布)of this species across the world.

19.Are you upset about how to remove the most s ________ spots? Try our washing powder!

20.He often talks in circles, frequently ________(矛盾)himself, which often ends up losing others' trust.

21.A nearby volcano erupted v ________, sending out a hail of rocks and boiling mud.

五、选词填空

（1）Street music usually ________ the passengers, who hurriedly passed on their way to work.

（2）________ his imagination, the writer added flesh to the bones of his latest novel.

（3）Their son returned home, safe and sound, much ________.

（4）I can't ________ the exact date when we last met, but I think it was about the end of May.

（5）When we were in the middle of the lake, a strong wind came ________.

（6）A ceremony was held ________ the soldiers who had devoted their lives to our country.

（7）When a story presented itself and I ________ what I had, I captured it in a swift, skeletal draft.

六、书面表达

假设你是李华，你收到英国笔友Tom 发来的一封邮件，得知他最近转入了一所新学校，在新学校里他没有朋友感到很孤单。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：

1）帮他分析原因；

2）给他提出建议（至少两条）；

3）美好祝愿。

注意：1）词数不少于100；2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3）格式正确

Dear Tom,

答案解析部分

一、单项选择（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）

1.【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意：—你认为他会来我的生日聚会吗？—你尽管放心。—那太好了。每个人都希望他来。A. I don't know for sure“我不确定”；B. You can count on it“你尽管相信好了,尽管放心”；C. You can believe him“你可以信任他”；D. It depends“依情况而定”。根据下文可知是肯定的回答，会参加聚会。故选B。

【点评】考查交际用语，区分I don't know for sure； You can count on it； You can believe him和 It depends 的含义和使用环境。

2.【答案】D

【解析】【分析】句意：就未来而言，做正确的决定可能是我们一生中做的最重要的事。分析句子可知，句子的谓语是is，第一处空白应该是make the right decision“做决定”充当主语，所以要用动名词形式；第

二空应是concerning做介词，意为“关于；就......而言”。故D。

【点评】考查非谓语动词和介词，本题涉及动名词作主语和介词短语作定语。

3.【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意：英语中有很多谚语敦促我们小心谨慎。例如：不要把所有的鸡蛋放在一个篮子里（不要孤注一掷），和：蛋未孵化，莫数小鸡（不要过早乐观）。A. ambitious“有雄心壮志的”；B. cautious“小心谨慎的”；C. modest“谦虚的”；D. risky“冒险的”。根据后面举的例子可以看出是做事要小心，故选B。

【点评】考查形容词词义辨析，区分ambitious； cautious； modest和 risky的含义。

4.【答案】D

【解析】【分析】A. operate 操作，运转；B. strengthen加强；C. approve批准，赞成；D. accumulate积累。句意：临床证据开始积累，表明这种新药比根据在动物身上的实验所预计的有更广范围的使用。根据句

意选D.

5.【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意：对一个三口之家来说，除非你需要更多的空间放行李，经济型轿车足够了。A. once“一旦”；B. because“因为”；C. unless“除非，如果不”；D. if“如果”。分析句子可知，空白处用“除非”引

导状语从句。故选C。

【点评】考查连词辨析，本题涉及unless引导的条件状语从句。

6.【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意：洪灾之后，灾区的人们正在受难，急需净水，药品和帐篷。这是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词people，在从句中充当主语，所以用关系代词who引导。故选B。

【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词who引导的非限制性定语从句的应用。

7.【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意：让我高兴的是，学生们正在回收很多东西，是他们过去本来会扔掉的。分析句子可知，空格所在句定语从句，是一个隐含的虚拟语气，in the past相当于If they had been in the past，所以

句子用虚拟语气，和过去相反用would have done。故选C。

【点评】考查虚拟语气，本题涉及与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。

8.【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意：—你认为中国的妈妈给孩子做一切的事情是明智的吗？—不，那正是她们错误的地方。本句中的____ they are mistaken是一个表语从句，与前面的系动词is构成系表结构。在句中where

作地点状语,，表示“……的地方”。故选A。

【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及where引导的表语从句。

9.【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意：—光线太弱以至于我不能辨认出文章里的字。—也许你视力在下降。A. leave out“停止（做）某事，忽略”；B. make out“辨认出，理解”；C. check out“检查”；D. figure out“计算出，解决，弄明白”。故选B。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析，区分leave out； make out； check out和 figure out的含义。

10.【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意：—你步行上班已经多长时间了？—自上个月我心脏病康复开始。last month是过

去的的时间点，应该与过去时连用，when引导定语从句，指代last month，指上个月我从心脏病康复。用一般过去时。故选A。

【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。

二、完形填空(共20小题，每小题1分，共20分)

11.【答案】（1）C；（2）D；（3）B；（4）B；（5）A；（6）A；（7）D；（8）B；（9）A；（10）C；（11）D；（12）D；（13）B；（14）A；（15）D；（16）C；（17）B；（18）A；（19）B；（20）C；【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者的儿子John一个偶然的机会买到了一件二手的衣服，儿子特别喜欢，穿着去上学，其他的孩子也喜欢，就连儿子的老师也喜欢他的这件衣服，John从此像变了一个人。变得会体贴别人，关心别人了。

（1）考查动词短语。句意：当其他的外套都垂头丧气的时候，这一件却好像挺直了身子。turn up“出现”；show up“露面”；hold up“举起”；hang up“挂断电话”。其他的大衣都显得没精打采，惟独这件衣服气场

不凡。故选C。

（2）考查形容词。句意：那件大衣做工精美，是Fifth Avenue的名牌，价格令人难以置信，只卖28美元，当时很受青少年的欢迎，但新的可能要几百美元。unreasonable“不合理的”；expected “预期的”；acceptable“可接受的”；unbelievable“难以置信的”。根据下文“but could cost several hundred dollars new.”

相对应，两者相比价格差距大，所以说28美元难以置信的，故选D。

（3）考查名词。句意：那件大衣做工精美，是Fifth Avenue的名牌，价格令人难以置信，只卖28美元，当时很受青少年的欢迎，但新的可能要几百美元。adult “成年人”；teenager“青少年”；woman“妇女”；stranger“陌生人”。根据上文可知John 14岁和下文“Did the kids like your coat?” I asked. “They loved it,”可以

推知这件衣服在青少年中受欢迎。故选B。

（4）考查名词。句意：这件外套更好，带有古典优雅的风格。color“颜色”；style“款式”；price “价格”；size“尺寸”。根据“classic elegance”可知这里说的是款式，故选B。

（5）考查动词。句意：第二天，约翰穿着这件外套去上学，回家时脸上带着灿烂的微笑。wear“穿”；carry“携带”；lend “借”；send“发送”。通过同学们对这件衣服的评价可知约翰就穿着它去上学了。故选

A。

（6）考查副词。句意：“他们喜欢它，”他说着，在椅背上小心翼翼地把它折叠起来，然后把它放平。carefully“仔细地”；comfortably“舒服地”；casually“随意地”；quickly“迅速地”。他一边说，一边在椅子背儿上把衣服仔细地叠起来，并甩手把它展平。说明了约翰对这件衣服的喜爱，故选A。

（7）考查名词。句意：在接下来的几个星期里，约翰发生了变化。happiness“ 幸福”；matter“事情”；smile“微笑”；change“变化”。约翰的变化是：变得听话而不再故意作对。故选D。

（8）考查名词。句意：一致取代了矛盾，理性的讨论取代了激烈的争论。doubt“怀疑”；argument“争吵”；fight“斗争”；war“战争”。John遇事能心平气和地商讨而不再强词夺理。故选B。

（9）考查形容词。句意：他变得更有礼貌，更体贴，更想讨好人。thoughtful“体贴的”；handsome“英俊的”；hopeful“有希望的”；curious“好奇的”。下文对弟弟的做法说明他变得更明事理、更有礼貌，也更体贴人了。故选A。

（10）考查介词。句意：他会很慷慨地把自己的磁带借给弟弟，并教训他的行为。lecture作“讲演,讲课”解时,是不及物动词。说“讲授某课程”时常与介词on连用,说“在某地讲演”时常与介词at〔in〕连用。他会很慷慨地把自己的磁带借给弟弟，并告诫他如何有良好的行为举止。故选C。

（11）考查动词。句意：当我向他的老师提起这件事，想知道是什么引起了这些变化时，她笑着说，“一定是他的外衣!”。discover“发现”；confirm“确认”；conclude“推断”；wonder“想知道，纳闷”。当我对他的一个老师提起这件事，并说我不知道这是为什么他变化这么大，故选D。

（12）考查情态动词。句意：“一定是他的外衣!”。can “ 会”；should“应该”；will“将”；must“一定”。老师笑着说：“一定是因为他的大衣！”must be表示有把握的推测，故选D。

（13）考查名词。句意：另一位老师告诉他，她给他一个好分数，不仅因为他应得的，还因为她喜欢他的大衣。present“礼物”；mark“分数”；word“消息”；result“结果”。另一个老师告诉他，她要给他一个好成绩。故选B。

（14）考查代词。句意：另一位老师告诉他，她给他一个好分数，不仅因为他应得的，还因为她喜欢他的大衣。这里用it代替mark，不仅仅因为他理应获得，还因为她喜欢他的大衣。故选A。

（15）考查动词短语。句意：他惊讶地问道，抬头看看约翰的新高度，打量着他外套的剪裁，然后伸出手，绅士间互相握手。take up“拿起”；look down to“向下看”；check up“检查”；look up at “向上看”。看着约翰长高的个子。故选D。

（16）考查动词。句意：约翰和我都知道，我们绝不能把一个人的衣服错当成里面真正的人。trust“ 信任”；exchange “交换”；mistake “弄错”；regard“看待”。约翰和我都知道不应该以貌取人。mistake for 固定短语，“误认为.....”，故选C。

（17）考查连词。句意：但有一点值得说的是，要让世界看到一个优秀的标准，并让它与内在和外在相匹配。though“尽管”；but“但是”；since“既然”；so“因此”。可穿着优雅为世人看，在思想上、言语上、行动上实践优秀的标准，以达到内外的和谐统一，这又另当别论。故选B。

（18）考查动词短语。句意：但有一点值得说的是，要让世界看到一个优秀的标准，并让它与内在和外在相匹配。match... to与…固定短语，“与.....相搭配”，在思想上、言语上、行动上实践优秀的标准，以达到内外的和谐统一。故选A。

（19）考查名词。句意：对约翰来说，在这个时代，尝试不同的生活方式就像试衣服一样简单。career“事业”；life“生活”；study“学习”；D. success“成功”。那时尝试不同的生活方式就如同试衣服一样简单。故选B。

（20）考查定语从句。句意：整个世界，整个未来展现在我们面前，一片广阔的天地，所有的门都敞开着。先行词是landscape，故用where，它在定语从句中做状语。整个世界、整个未来在你面前展开，犹如一幅巨大的画卷，那里的每一扇门都敞开着。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，代词，连词，情态动词，定语从句，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。

三、阅读理解（共18小题，每小题1.5分，共27分）

12.【答案】（1）B

（2）B

（3）D

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Kincaid自驾旅行的始末及他在旅途中对自身往事的回忆。（1）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“He wished for the thousandth time in his life that he had a dog”可知他一生中无数次希望他可以有一条狗；“But he was frequently away; overseas much of the time and it would not be fair to the animal.”可知他经常离开，大部分时间在海外，这对动物来说不公平。所以如果不是经常离家，Kincaid会想养狗。故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第二中的“The purpose of these causal phot ographs was to remind him of places he might want to visit again”可知拍下这些照片的目的是提醒他，那些他还想再去的地方。所以Kincaid驾驶的时候停下来拍照是为了用照片提醒自己哪些地方想再去。故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“Marian had dreams of becoming a musician ,a folksinger”可知Marian 梦想成为一个音乐家，民歌演唱者。所以她不是专业的流行歌者。故选D。

（4）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“His long absences – two or three months sometimes – were hard on the marriage. ”可知他长时间不在，有时候是两到三个月，对婚姻而言是很难的；倒数第二段中的“It couldn't when he came from photographing a story in Iceland and, she was gone.”可知当他从冰岛寄照片回来的时候，她决定离开。所以Marian 不能忍受Kincaid的不在，离开了他。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

13.【答案】（1）C

（2）A

（3）B

（4）D

（5）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，你有没有过把自己想像成歌星，伴着自己喜爱的歌曲边跳边唱的时候呢？大多数人只是在自己私密的空间内才会完全释放自己，而本文作者却是率性而为，尤其喜欢在开车时候手舞足蹈地唱，不怕引得路人侧目，也不怕被人看作是傻子。在作者看来人生是短暂的，人们没必要伪装自己，要活得开心快乐。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“ I love to do that when I drive!”可知作者喜欢上班开车时唱歌，故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“So they walk around all serious, which in all honesty, is foolish!”可知作者认为正襟危坐，不苟言笑是愚蠢的行为，故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第五段“Life is so short. …..so why waste a single second on being so full of rigidity”

可知作者认为要珍惜生命，而引用Souza的话也恰好表明了和作者同样的人生态度,由此推断作者引用这段话的目的是为了说明生活是值得珍惜的,故选C。

（4）考查主旨大意。作者通过讲述自己率性的行为，引出the importance of being silly，然后讲述being silly 的必要性，所以B选项内容更能体现文章中心，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生

在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正

确答案。

14.【答案】（1）C

（2）A

（3）B

（4）D

（5）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了肾脏出现问题的原因，以及巨大危害，分析了肾脏问题出现的重要因素，并指出如何预防肾病。

（1）考查推理判断。根据一二段的内容，以及第三段中的“This is a simple description of what happens to your body when your kidneys (肾) don't work efficiently.”可推断，作者列举家庭处理垃圾情况的主要目的是

让我们明白身体和家一样需要及时处理垃圾，不然对身体有害。故选C。

（2）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“Other areas of the body such as blood pressure and red blood cell production are affected and the insidious process that may lead to kidney failure begins.”和第四段中的“There may be no warning signs.”可知，肾功能的变化是由身体其它变化引起的，是一个渐变的过程，而且这个变

化没有任何警示，故推测划线词的意思是“逐渐的/慢慢的，无法察觉的”。故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“It's not uncommon for people to lose up to 90 percent of their kidney function before developing any symptoms. There may be no warning signs.”可知，90%的症状在被确诊之前是

看不出来的，而且没有任何的预警，故推测当人们发现肾病症状时，肾可能已经严重受损。故选B。

（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"age and genetic make-up, diabetes and high blood pressure, overweight and not getting enough exercise,"衰老，基因组成，糖尿病，高血压，超重和不运动,可知，这六项都是导致肾病的原因。故选D。

（5）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“There may be no warning signs. This makes early detection(诊察) difficult.” 和第六段中的“Both conditions are chiefly affected by being overweight and not getting enough exercise, which are the potential factors for the disease.”可推测，早期诊察，做足够的锻炼可以预防肾损伤。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇医学类阅读，考生需要

准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

15.【答案】（1）C

（2）A

（3）B

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，我们的生活中充斥着各种各样的减肥产品。事实上，减肥产品不仅在身体上而且在心理上都给人们带来了危害。减肥需要坚强的决心和实际的努力锻炼，因此我们应该向

减肥产品说不。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“We have so eas ily been attracted by the promise and potential（潜力）of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us. We are paying for products that harm us psychologically and physically. Diet products significantly weaken us psycho logically.”可知我们很容易被减肥产品的承诺和功效吸引，而不思考减肥产品给我们带来了什么。我们付钱购买伤害我

们身心健康的产品。减肥产品极大地从心理上削弱我们。所以减肥产品没有他们自己宣传的那么好，还

会伤害我们自己，即减肥产品在误导我们。故选C。

（2）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“Every time we have a zero-calorie drink, we are telling ourselves without our awareness that we don't have to work to get results.”可知每次喝零卡路里的饮料时，我们都在毫无意识地告诉自己不用工作就能有回报；以及“life can be without resistance and struggle.”生活可以没有反抗和奋斗。因此推断gain comes without pain的意思是说明减肥是毫不费力的。故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“Diet foods can indirectly harm our bodies because consuming them instead of healthy foods means we are preventing our bodies from having basic nutrients(营养成分).”可知减肥食物会间接伤害我们的身体，因为消费减肥食物而不是健康食物就意味着我们正在阻止我们的身体

获得基本营养。所以推断减肥食物伤害身体是因为减肥食品缺少基本的营养成分。故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“We are paying for products that harm us psychologically and physically”我们在关注对我们身心有害的产品；第二段中的“All we have to do is to swallow or recognize the word ‘diet’ in food labels.”可知减肥让我们做的是认识“节食”这个标签；以及“diet products have greater psychological effects.”可知减肥产品有很大的心理影响；第四段中的“The danger of diet products lies not only in the

p sychological effects they have on us, but also in the physical harm that they cause.”可知减肥产品的危害不仅在心理方面，也在身体方面；第五段中的“it is time to seriously think about buying them.”可知要认真考虑要不要买减肥产品。所以文章是先说了减肥产品对身心有害，然后举了两个观点：一是我们了解“节食”这个标签，二是有很大的心理影响。在心理影响之后又补充了身体的影响，最后提出要认真考虑买不买减肥

产品。即总说下两个观点，在第二个观点上有两个支持点，最后再总结。所以选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

四、单词填空（6分）

16.【答案】profoundly

【解析】【分析】句意：网络已经深深的改变了我们的生活，以至于不上网我们一天都过不下去。此处应是副词修饰changed，故填profoundly。

【点评】考查副词，本题涉及副词修饰谓语动词。

17.【答案】have been shrinking

【解析】【分析】句意：这些年，由于当地人滥伐森林，西非的大森林一直在缩小。因此政府必须想办法阻止。分析句子可知，all these years时间标志且“减少”这一动作从过去某时开始一直延续到说话时还在进

行，可能还要继续下去，所以要用现在完成进行时态。shrink“缩小”是动词，故填have been shrinking。【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在完成进行时。

18.【答案】distribution

【解析】【分析】句意：地图显示了世界上这一物种的分布。此处是名词做show的宾语，故填distribution。【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。

19.【答案】stubborn

【解析】【分析】句意：你是不是因为怎样去除顽固污渍感到沮丧？试试我们的洗衣粉。此处是形容词作定语修饰spots，故填stubborn。

【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词最高级作定语。

20.【答案】contradicting

【解析】【分析】句意：他经常说话兜圈子，常自相矛盾，最终会失去别人的信任。contradict“矛盾”与逻辑主语he是主动关系，所以现在分词，故填contradicting。

【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及现在分词作伴随状语。

21.【答案】violently

【解析】【分析】句意：附近的火山剧烈爆发，喷发出一阵岩石和滚烫的泥浆。此处副词作状语修饰动词erupted，故填violently。

【点评】考查副词，本题涉及副词修饰谓语动词。

五、选词填空（7分）

22.【答案】（1）lifted the spirits of

（2）Drawing upon

（3）to their relief

（4）bring to mind

（5）all of a sudden

（6）in honor of

（7）caught a glimpse of

【解析】【分析】（1）考查时态。句意：街头音乐能振奋匆匆赶去上班的乘客的精神。分析句子可知，从句使用一般过去时，故主句也是一般过去时态，lifte the spirits of“振奋……的精神”，故填lifted the spirits of。

（2）考查非谓语动词。句意：利用想象力，作者在他最新小说的结构上增添了情节。分析句子可知，主语the writer，谓语added；draw upon“利用，使用，采用”与逻辑主语the writer是主动关系，所以用doing 作状语，且谓语句首。故填Drawing upon。

（3）考查介词短语。句意：他们的儿子回家了，安然无恙，让他们松了了口气。to one's relief“让人松了口气，使某人欣慰|使人安心”，根据句意，应该是他们松了口气，应该用their，故填to their relief。（4）考查动词短语。句意：我想不起我们上次见面的确切日期了，但大概是在五月底。bring…to mind“想起……”，前面是情态动词can't，后接动词原形，故填bring to mind。

（5）考查固定搭配。句意：当我们在湖中心时，突然吹来一阵强风。all of a sudden“突然”，作状语，故填all of a sudden。

（6）考查介词短语。句意：为纪念为我们国家献出生命的战士举办了这次庆典。in honor of“为了纪念或

者为了欢迎某人/事”，作状语，故填in honor of。

（7）考查时态。句意：当一个故事在我脑海中呈现出来，我瞥见了我的想法，就迅速将它草拟成一个提纲。分析句子可知，要用一般过去时态，catch a glimpse of“瞥见、窥见”，符合句意。故填caught a glimpse of。

【点评】考查选词填空，要求考生在理解句义的基础上，根据方框内所给的词汇，结合相关的语法知识，做出正确答案。

六、书面表达（共15分）

23.【答案】Dear Tom,

I am sorry to hear that you feel lonely in your new school. As a new student it is natural for you to find it difficult to get along well with the other students in class and don't know how to adapt to new environment in

the beginning.

Here are some suggestions that I hope can help you. First, don't worry. Although you are not familiar with the other students there, time and patience will make you feel at home. Second, perhaps you are just not used to

the lifestyle there at this moment, so you should try to adapt yourself to the new environment. Third, go out and get actively involved in some after-school activities, where you can find some students who share your interests.

I believe you will make good friends soon. Last, communicate with your classmates actively, and let them know more about you.

May you make new friends soon./ Wish to hear your good news soon.

Yours,

Li Hua 【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份给英国笔友Tom回复邮件。写作背景：

你收到Tom 发来的一封邮件，得知他最近转入了一所新学校，在新学校里他没有朋友感到很孤单。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）帮他分析原因；2）给他提出建议（至少两条）；3）美

好祝愿。考生需要在所给要点的基础上增加细节，同时注意谋篇布局的顺序，运用合适的连接词连接全文，并选择高级的词汇和语法项目让文章更有文采。审题时注意本文使用一般现在时，描述要尽量选择

简洁的语言，运用合适的语法规则和词汇把各要点都准确表述出。难点在于选择词汇和句型，可以灵活

运用高级词汇和固定短语准确表述。还要用适当的连接词被句子连接起来，这样文章显得更连贯。

【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句

间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：I am sorry to hear that you feel lonely in your new school. 运用了不定式作原因状语和宾语从句；Here are some suggestions that I hope

can help you.运用了倒装句和限制性定语从句；First, don't worry. 运用了祈使句；Although you are not familiar with the other students there, time and patience will make you feel at home.运用了让步状语从句；Second, perhaps you are just not used to the lifestyle there at this moment, so you should try to adapt yourself

to the new environment. 运用了因果并列句；Third, go out and get actively involved in some after-school activities, where you can find some students who share your interests. 运用了非限制性定语从句；I believe

you will make good friends soon. 运用了宾语从句；Last, communicate with your classmates actively, and let them know more about you.运用了祈使句和并列句。