风电机组测试技术

P2
1 目的和意义 Purpose and Meaning
功率特性
Power Performance
电能质量 Power Quality 设计评估 质量管理评估 Design Assessment Quality Management 生产评估 IPE 样机测试 Prototype testing 噪声 Acoustic 载荷 Loads
P16
设备安装和数据采集 Mounting of instruments and data collection
P17
数据分析与计算 Data analysis and calculation
测试结果 Test results
MEASURED POWER CURVE: IEC Example with the standard uncertainty (confidence interval of 68%) reference air density: 1.225 kg/m³ 0.5 1100.0 0.4 900.0 power output [kW] 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 300.0 -0.1 100.0 -0.2 -0.3 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 wind speed [m/s] 20 22 24 26 cp
P6
测试标准 Test standard
IEC 61400-12-1:2005 Power performance measurements of electricity producing wind turbines 风力发电机组 功率特性测试 GB/T 18451.2-2003 风力发电机组 功率特性试验 Wind turbine generator systemsWind turbine power performance testing
3
4 5
测试设备 Test equipment
测试系统示意图 Schematic drawing of testing system
N
I
辅助功率 Auxiliry power
P
I
数据收集系统 Data acquisition system
Data数据 Time row 时间序列
P14
设备安装和数据采集 Mounting of instruments and data collection
e)
f)
180°
P12
测试设备 Test equipment
序号 NO. 1 2 测试内容 Test content 风速 Wind speed 风向 Wind direction 空气密度 Air density 电功率 Electric power 数据采集 Data acquisition 测试设备 Test equipment 风速计 Cup anemometer 风向标 Wind vane 1.温度传感器 Temperature sensor 2.气压传感器 Pressure sensor 3.降雨量传感器Rain sensor 4.湿度传感器（高温潮湿时) Humidity sensor (high temperatures) 功率变送器 Power transducer 数据记录仪 Data logger P13
排除以下影响之后得到有效测量扇区:
N
邻近且正在运行的风机 邻近且正在运行的风机
49° 81°
N
气象桅杆 气象桅杆 Ln/Dn=3.4
a)气象桅杆受到测试风电机组、邻近且正 在运行的风电机组或有影响障碍物的尾流 影响；
236°
113°
扰动扇面 = 64°
有影响的障碍物 测试风机 Ln/Dn=2.5 测试风机 有影响的障碍物
P7
测试场地评估Test site assessment
风机位置 Turbine site 风机位置 Turbine site 风Wind 风Wind
No calibration required 无需标定
calibration required 需要标定
P8
试验场地评估Test site assessment
199
°
a)
162
°
扰动扇面 = 74°
b)
32
°
56° 80°
邻近且正在运行的风机
邻近且正在运行的风机
N
气象桅杆 Ln/Dn=6.0
N
气象桅杆
扰动扇面 = 48
°
Le
Le/De=7.2
扰动扇面 = 44°
有影响的障碍物 93°
有影响的障碍物 测试风机 测试风机
137°
115°
lw = 2 / 3 D lh = 1/ 3D De = 4 / 9 D
气象桅杆上设备的安装 Mounting of instruments on the meteorological mast
P15
设备安装和数据采集 Mounting of instruments and data collection
气象桅杆上设备的安装 Mounting of instruments on the meteorological mast
确定测量扇区 Determination of measurement sector 测试设备 Test equipment 设备安装和数据采集 Mounting of instruments and data collection 数据分析与计算 Data analysis and calculation
风电机组测试技术 Wind Turbine Test Technology
中国电力科学研究院 China Electric Power Research Institute
P1
内容 Content
1.
目的和意义 Purpose and Meaning
2. 风电机组功率特性测试 Power Performance Measurements of Wind Turbine 3. 风电机组电能质量测试 Power Quality Measurements of Wind Turbine 4. 可再生能源发电实验室情况介绍 Introduction of Renewable Energy Lab
D = 40 m H is not relevant
3% 200 m
5%on 400 m
0 m on 800 m 0% on 80 1% 5
2xL 4xL 8xL
距离 Distance <2 L ≥2 L and < 4 L ≥2 L and <4 L ≥4 L and <8 L
扇区 Sector 360° 测量扇区 measurement sector 测量扇区外部 outside measurement sector 测量扇区 measurement sector
风电机组测试为评价风电对电网的影响提供依据。
Wind turbine test provides the evidence for evaluation of influence of wind power on power grid.
仿真结果验证 Simulation Result Verification 控制策略验证 control strategy Validation
最终评估 Final Evaluation
......
型式认证 Type Certificate
风电机组测试是型式认证的重要环节 Wind turbine test is an important part of type-certification.
P3
1 目的和意义 Purpose and Meaning
千万千瓦风电基地 10GW Wind Power Base Map
Jilin Jilin Xinjiang Xinjiang Jiuquan Jiuquan
Inner Mongolia Inner Mongolia
Jiangsu Jiangsu
P4
1 目的和意义 Purpose and Meaning
P9
测试场地评估Test site assessment
风机位置 Turbine site 风机位置 Turbine site
风Wind
风wind
Site calibration 场地标定
P10
桅杆位置的选择 Location of meteorological mast
气象桅杆不能离风电机组太近或太远； Meteorological mast shall neither too close nor too far to the wind turbine; 气象桅杆与风电机组的距离为风机叶轮 直径的2到4倍，推荐2.5倍； Distance from meteorological mast to wind is between 2 and 4 times rotor diameter of the wind turbine,2.5times is recommended; 气象桅杆的最佳位置为主风向的上风 向； Best location for meteorological mast is the upwind of the turbine in main wind direction; 需要考虑其他风机和障碍物对桅杆的影 响 Influence of other wind turbines and obstacles on meteorological mast shall be taken into account
气象桅杆至风电机组的中心线 4D位置气象桅杆
2.5D 2D
风电机组 D
由于风电机组尾流效应而 排除的扇面角 2D处为 81 2.5D处为74 4D处为59
最大测量扇面： 2D处为 279 2.5D处为 286 4D处为 301
Байду номын сангаас
P11
确定测量扇区 Determination of measurement sector
c)
邻近且正在运行的风机
d)
0°
N
气象桅杆
59°
N
32° 49° 59° 80°° 93 99° 113° 137°
162°
Le/De=9.0
有效扇区
扰动扇面 = 40°
79° 99
有影响的障碍物
°
270° 236°
90°
Le
测试风机
l w = 2 / 3D lh = 1/ 3D De = 4 / 9 D
仿真 Simulation
测试 Test
预测 Prediction 功率曲线 Power curve
控制 Control
P5
2 风电机组功率特性测试 Power performance measurements of wind turbine
测试标准 Test standard 试验场地评估 Test site assessment 桅杆位置的选择 Location of meteorological mast
地形最大倾角 Maximum slope % <3* <5* <10** <10*
最大地形变化 Maximum terrain variation from plane <0,04 (H+D) <0,08 (H+D) 不适用 Not applicable <0,13(H+D)
* The maximum slope of the plane, which provides the best fit to the sectoral terrain and passes through the tower base * 与扇区地形最吻合、并通过塔架的基础的平面的最大倾角。 **The line of steepest slope that connects the tower base to individual terrain points within the sector. ** 连接塔架的基础和扇区内的每个地形点的直线的最大倾角。
Meteorological mast is in the wake of wind turbine under test，neighbouring and operating wind turbines，or significant obstacles b)测试风电机组受到邻近且正在运行的风 电机组或有影响障碍物的尾流影响； Wind turbine under test is in the wake of neighbouring and operating wind turbines or significant obstacles;