大学英语听力翻译

大学英语听力翻译
大学英语听力翻译

Passage1 如何提高你的记忆力?

每个人都能逐步增加他们的记忆,而且随着时间和实践更多的人能增加记住更多数量信息的能力,这有一些秘诀。

第一做脑力运动,定期的训练能让大脑保持成长和提升在发展新精神连接提高记忆。学习一些新语言和学习玩乐器,你能让你的头脑活跃。第二,做物理练习,定期做有氧运动,可以提高脑部血液循环,可以避免记忆丢失在重复记忆阶段。

第三,吃好和吃对。新鲜的水果和蔬菜比如西兰花,蓝莓,菠菜都是维他命,纤维,抗氧化剂的最好来源。抗氧化剂保护支持大脑功能,而且你需要足够的蛋白质,这是维护肌肉健康,器官和精神细胞所必要的。每天用五或六顿少餐三顿大餐可以提高脑运作从而提高血糖的下降,这可以影响消极的大脑。

第四,避免化学中毒。避免吃包含一些添加剂在人造糖料中的防腐剂和色素的食物,这些化学成分会在你的身体里累积最后变成毒素,成为损害大脑,记忆衰退,老年痴呆的原因。是否你吃的食物受到了杀虫剂或代替杀虫剂的催熟剂污染。这些有毒的化学成分会成为影响精神功能和成为记忆衰退的原因。更多的,避免酒精,烟草,和违法毒品,他们破坏脑细胞的急速变化。第五,睡好。大量的睡眠会影响我们的记起最近学的信息的能力。得到一个好的睡眠一晚最少睡七个小时能提高你的记忆力。

第六,减压。长期的压力会让记忆变得困难。即使暂时的压力也会使集中观念观察事物变得困难。所以我们应该尝试去放松,定期的练习瑜伽或其他平静的运动。

Passage 2 青少年的网络安全

越来越流行在网站和手机文本上提出怎样保护孩子上网。越来越多的小孩开始成为不良网络的受害者。家长发现很多困难在不确定孩子会审慎上网。过去这几天父母一直关注孩子的上网情况。今天形成一个新的移动网络世界对孩子说是一种威胁。有1/3的用网络说他们的目标是一些讨厌的可能造成威胁的网络活动——比如接受不良信息,他们有私人的邮件或迅速同意的信息文本。他们不允许张贴照片。然而,网上的青年最大的不满不是直接的威胁或身体上的暴力,而是宁可分享私人信息。

两个新的倡议计划教育孩子们关注网络,网络安全快要在高中授课。印第安纳州,家长会出席网络社会信息的会议。学校的官方发布了一个程序关于教育孩子怎样安全上网和壁面可疑的网站,一个政府官员说:“提出紧急的媒体交流会,包括twitter facebook 和其他的紧急信息服务,用于影响我们现代社会。家长兄弟姐妹老师孩子相似的需要明白并提出联合”这印第安纳的会议要探测主体一流的网络,包括短信和学生在线广告。当地的法律工作者说:“这是第一个方法去保持孩子们的安全,是否这些不能相信人们会自动告诉他们,这将会安全。”、

Passage3 你准备好电话面试了么?

如今,许多雇佣者往往缩减面试人数用电话面试的方法。电话面试还可以让外地的面试者费用降到最低。你在找工作时,准备电话面试是很重要的。你从不知道应聘人何时会打电话。因此,你最好看看以下几条电话面试技巧。

在面试前你应该做好充分的准备,例如你可以编织一张关于你的背景和技能,你的强项和弱项以及一张典型的电话面试题的回答列表。你需要把你的简历放在桌面上或者粘贴在电话附近的墙上,当你需要回答问题时他便触手可及。此外,你应该准备好纸笔为做笔记提供便利。

练习面试是一个有效的方法,你可以对你可能会被问到的典型问题做一个预演的回答,让一个朋友或者家人对你进行模拟面试并且用磁带记录下来从而你可以知道你在电话中听起来是怎样的,通过这种方法,你能听到的额嗯等用语。你可以通过联系对话来减少他们。

你在电话面试时尝试着去微笑,微笑会给听者留下积极的印象,并且改变你的声调。在电话

中,你务必放慢语速,吐字清晰有礼貌。你应该用面试官的称谓(先生小姐以及他们的姓)如果他们要求你只用名的话那就照做。不打断面试官的话是至关重要的,对你而言,你应该做出简短而精要的回答。

最后记住建立面对面面试是你的目标,在你感谢完面试官后,询问下是否有机会可能亲自会谈。

Passage4 网上求职保护好你的隐私

网上求职保护好你的隐私,身份盗窃和身份欺诈是用来指代各种类型的以某种涉及欺骗和不正当手段获得他人个人数据从而主要获得经济收益的措辞。

近段时间以身份盗窃有关的犯罪数量快速增长。审计最近的一次报告估计每年有75000个美国人成为身份盗窃的受害者。并且由于许多人明知他们受害也选择不举报犯罪使这个数据可能偏低。

身份盗窃绝对是一种风尚的传播。受尊敬的作家以及隐私倡导者罗伯特艾丽思史密斯说:“这当然是在过去的四五年出现的,遍布全世界,只有当事情发展的无法阻止时你才能有所察觉。”Passage5

不像你所持有的指纹不能给他人使用,当你的个人数据尤其你的社会保险号银行账号或银行卡号,电话号码以及其他有价值的识别数据,落入非法分子手中时可以被利用进而对你的个人利益造成损害。例如,在美国和加拿大,许多人们举报非法人员将他们的资金提出他们的银行或金融账户,又或是最糟糕的情况,连他们的身份信息一起被盗用,用受害人的姓名欠下一笔巨款债务以及进行犯罪。还包括大量的恢复社会名誉以及本应由罪犯承担的改正错误信息的附加经济损失。

据联邦调查局所说,身份盗窃是网上第一大类诈骗案。那么求职者在网上传播个人简历时该如何保护自己呢?以下是在网上求职时维持安全的一些技巧:

Passage6

1、检查一下隐私条款如果你正考虑把你的简历发到网上,确保你正考虑的招聘网有隐私条款,像凯业必达网,条款应明确说明你的信息将如何被使用,存储以及是否被分享,你可能要对登刊了你的简历自动将你的信息暴露给他人的招聘网三思,否者你将收到被你所讨厌的掮客们的骚扰电话。当你在审查隐私条款时,你可以如同登刊简历般简单的把简历删掉。你必然不想你的简历一直登刊在网上,一旦你找到了工作。记住,在网站上刊登的时间越长,暴露的信息就越多。如此以来既带来积极的影响也带来消极的影响。

2、利用好网站功能的优势合法的求职网可以保障隐私,在刊登简历之前,仔细考虑求职的目标以及你可能遭受的风险水平。例如,凯业必达网给人提供了三种不同水平的隐私选择,第一种是标准发布,这种模式的求职者在宽泛的雇主面前尽可能的保留了最大的隐私。第二种是匿名公布,这种模式允许求职者像标准模式的求职者一样保留隐私,不公布任何可接触的信息。想匿名但又想同别人分享信息的人可以选择一些可接触的信息公之于众。第三种是个人公布,这种选择允许求职者在没有经过雇主调查的情况下刊登简历,私人公布允许求职者快速而又简单的应聘凯业必达网上的工作。而不需要重新输入他们的信息。

Passage7 有趣的航班通知

偶尔,航班工作人员尝试着使他们通知负有趣味性。以下就是几则报道过的例子

一个飞行员发布了这则欢迎致辞:“我很高兴在这个行业有一些最好的服务员,不幸的是没有一个在这架飞机。”

一个飞行员说道:“乘客们,我们已经达到航行最高高度,所以我们将接触安全信号,如你所愿可以自由移动,但是在着陆前请留在机舱内,外面有点冷,如果你在机翼行走将会给飞行模式带来影响”

一位西南航班的工作人员说:“在机舱内气压骤减的作用下,氧气面具会从天花板上掉下来。停止尖叫,把它戴在你的脸上,如果你有小孩,现在你该决定你喜欢那一个了。”

另一个空乘是这样做出着陆通知的:“在袋鼠队长带领我们到达终点时我们要求保持坐立”还有的乘务员这么说:“趁你还在飞机上,确保带走了你的所有物品。遗漏的任何物品都会给空乘带来均等的麻烦。请不要忘记孩子或配偶,最后一个离开机舱的必须要打扫卫生。”

Passage8 飞行的优点和缺点

在总结论述之前,先总结下我们的发现

因此你可以看到,航空旅行有与生俱来的优点。飞机飞得块,并且它们远比以前快。现今的超音速客机仅需两小时就可以横跨太平洋。据报道。新的模型正在研发。预计未来人们可以在一小时之内从纽约到伦敦。

如你所知,在过去,并没有许多人选择航空旅行是因为票价的昂贵。现今归功于市场竞争,票价已经大幅降低。所以有更多的人选择航空旅行。在上世纪90年代,美国目睹了航空旅行需求的爆炸性增长。数以百万计的人以前从未乘坐过飞机或者很少乘坐飞机的人变成了常客。他们甚至还参与常客忠诚度计划,得到了免费航行的机会或是其他类似的好处。

飞行变得越来越方便,推出新的服务和更加的航班意味着商务旅客可以在同一天往返。这几乎适用于任何一个国家的两个地点。

一些乘客担心航空安全,撞机时通常都无人生还。然而,为了避免悲剧以及严重经济损失,航空公司极其谨慎的检查飞机的性能将发生事故的可能性降到最低,有时也会有这种说法,航空涉及的意外事件比其他任何一种旅游方式都更少。

飞机的确有他的缺点,例如,他不能传输大量的货物。并且,机场远离市中心,但是飞行的有点远超那些小缺点。航空仍然是最高效率的运输方式。

Passage9 当家庭发生矛盾时

父母们固有的思想不是什么秘密,富裕的家庭在生活中总是给他们的孩子每个通向成功的机会。他们极力的保证孩子的安全,精心喂养他们,他们给孩子读书,陪他们玩耍。教育他们,训练他们,让他们知道自己是被爱的。当孩子们开始上学的时候,这些爸爸和妈妈与老师会面,参加学校活动并坚持作业要完成。他们让孩子们去训练足球,上钢琴课。他们远离街区并鼓舞他们积极参加课内和课外活动使他们成为一个有责任心自力更生的大人。

但这也没有绝对的保证,一个有着最关怀和最献身的父母的孩子也可能会在高中辍学,进监狱,滥用毒品或是整天无所事事。这个世界充满了危险,一个可靠的家庭不可能让所有人都幸免于难。

想像一下,有的少更加直接,更加强困难的问题摆在了没有强有力血缘关系的家庭在作利益支撑的孩子们面前。实际上,你不必去想象,再和其他城市一样的芝加哥,许多孩子都在单亲家庭中长大。一些年轻人从不知道他们的父亲是谁,他们的母亲可能是在和别的男人有了孩子。家庭常常破碎不堪或者不像起初那么完整。

对于一个孩子来说,这可能是世界上所有的区别。它可能意味着贫穷,可能造成陋习或者疏忽大意的毛病,可能成为学习的障碍,可能误入歧途,无可救药。一个糟糕的开始常常是终身的阻碍,早期的劣势并非是不可变的结论和判决,许多人伴随着仅有的一线希望走向繁荣兴旺,然而他们打破了,冷酷无情的不平等待遇。

Passage10

对家庭结构恶化的关注,在1965年,英国的交丹尼.尔帕特里克的劳动保障部门,用一份报告引起了全国范围内的讨论并提出“下层阶级的美国黑人的家庭结构极其不稳定,并在许多

城市中心的家庭濒临崩溃”他继续说道:“其实美国黑人团体,已被迫向母系社会转型,总的来说这严重阻碍的团体的发展,并给美国黑人的男性带来的严重负担,对许多美国黑人的女性来说亦是如此。”莫伊尼汉的结论,半世纪前富有争议,但现在已被广泛接受。在那时,非婚生子女的美国黑人比例在24%,而今天在全国范围内已达到72%。

这种现象并不为美国黑人所特有,在西班裔中,未婚女性孩子的出生占了总出生率的53%,非西班牙裔的这项数据则为29%,比美国黑人的24%的数据还高,这在1960年中期给莫伊尼汉敲响了警钟,此外,在芝加哥,51%的孩子生活在单亲家庭中。

那么后果是什么呢?“黑心计划的创始人及常务董事飞利浦.杰克逊直言不讳地说:“最重要的原因是,为什么南部和西部的部分地区是他们家庭破裂的原因,”他说。“没有健全的家庭就不会有强大的社会地位。”这份数据证实了他的言论。“女性当家的家庭贫困率大概为40%,”最近,布鲁金斯学会的罗恩.哈斯金丝这样写道。“通过比较,近些年来生活在完整家庭的孩子的贫困率只有7%。”

Passage11

“贫困只是一方面的影响,”保守传统基金会研究员罗伯特雷克托写到。“与生活在健全家庭中的孩子相比,单亲家庭的孩子在情感和行为上更容易存在问题。他们滥用身体、抽烟,喝酒;吸毒,好斗,参与斗殴;成为流氓或罪犯,在校表现差,被学校开除或在高中辍学。”这并不是因为通常的单亲父母缺乏爱心、不称职或不关心孩子们的生活。而是因为抚养一个孩子两个对父母仍是个难题,那么对单亲父母就显得更加艰难。另外,家庭的压力并非单独存在。当然,这会导致经济上的困难,但这也是困难造成的后果。位于遥远的南方、三位一体的基督教联合会高级牧师奥蒂斯.莫斯说:“在职男士有成为家庭稳定因素的可能。当就业率增长匮乏时,家庭的稳定性能同样也会停滞不前。失业率的影响广泛存在”“工作给了人们意义,”莫斯说。“不能给予的男人不是男人,假如他们有孩子,尤其是非婚生子女,他们也许不能或不愿意给孩子们提供经济支持,母亲们也可能为生活所困。”

没有父亲的孩子由于各种各样的原因面临着更高的风险。男孩和女孩很可能遭受缺乏模范父亲的困扰,而父亲们本应告诉他们一个男人该有的作为。以他和犯人共处的经历为根据,莫斯说大多数的监狱犯和他们的父亲没有往来,关系疏远。反之,出狱人不会倾向于做一个好父亲或好母亲。每一代人的失败都将置下一代人于劣势,正是这种劣势会滋生绝望。

Passage12

如何阻断有着如此深的历史和经济根源的恶性循环呢?提升父亲们的责任感及处于危险边缘的孩子们些许知道可以带来极好的影响。一个通过芝加哥大学犯罪实验室,名为“成为一个男人——运动编辑”的首创栏目面向处于劣势的年轻男性开展了名为“通过校内和校外活动提升社会认知技能”的活动,旨在减少44%的暴力犯罪案件。更好的学校,也会给孩子在当今需求型经济时代寻找工作所需的技能。把大重点放在扶持处于垂死边缘的微商上,可以吸引更多的雇主提供职位。减少犯罪有助于塑造更良好的社区环境,挽回那些要搬到郊区的家庭,这样一来恶性循环便可成为良性。

但解决问题的第一步是认识问题,对失败的家庭结构进行比较,冒着得罪这样一群人的风险,他们认为指出单亲家庭的险境相当于归责于受害人,或者说对父亲价值的解释贬低了母亲们所作出的牺牲。虽然,关键不在于母亲们不重要或单亲家庭们不能克服他们面临的特殊挑战,而在于一个稳固的双亲家庭通常有着切实的优势。当单亲家庭正如在许多社区成为准则,孩子们会因缺乏保护而变得十分危险。如果我们不能认识到一个健壮家庭的重要性,不对此多下功夫,那么我们所做的一切,无论在教育、经济、还是监狱方面都将前功尽弃。反之,如果我们能创建更加坚固的家庭,那么面临的每个问题都将迎刃而解。

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(2) loan (3) security (4) aggred (5) (6) (7) (8)

(9) (10)

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