英语八年级英语下册阅读理解及答案(word)
英语八年级英语下册阅读理解及答案（word）
一、八年级英语下册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）
1．阅读理解
More than anything else in the world, Lion liked being King of the jungle. He walked all around, showing off his power and pride.
Each day Lion took a long, lazy sleep under the shade of his favourite tree. He always dreamed of weaker animals bowing（鞠躬） before him.
One day Mouse ran through the jungle and tripped（绊倒） over Lion's huge paws. Lion woke up with a start. "How dare you wake me up!" he shouted angrily. Lion grabbed Mouse with one paw. "On second thought, I'm in the mood for a snack, and you'll make a delicious meal," he said.
Mouse cried out, "King Lion, please spare（饶恕）me! If you let me live, I will always remember your kindness. And, some day, I might be able to help you."
"How could such a powerless little mouse ever help me?" That thought made Lion laugh so much that he decided to let Mouse go. A week later, Lion was walking through the jungle on the way to his favourite tree when he stepped onto a hunter's net. The net scooped him up. No matter how he twisted and turned, he couldn't escape.
When Mouse heard Lion's frightened shouts, he raced to help. Mouse quickly chewed（咬）through the ropes to make a hole in the net. Soon, Lion moved out and was free. Lion looked down at the little mouse. "Thank you for saving my life," said Lion, smiling his widest smile. "I was mistaken. You are not a powerless little mouse. You are a great friend!"
（1）What did Lion do each day?
A. He stepped onto a hunter's net.
B. He bowed before weaker animals.
C. He showed kindness to animals in the jungle.
D. He had a good sleep under his favourite tree.
（2）How did Mouse wake up Lion?
A. He made a hole in the net.
B. He shouted at Lion angrily.
C. He tripped over Lion's paws.
D. He prepared a delicious meal for Lion.
（3）Why did Lion let Mouse go?
A. Because he was trapped in the net.
B. Because he took Mouse as his good friend.
C. Because he believed Mouse could save him.
D. Because he doubted if Mouse could be of any help.
（4）What do you think of Mouse?
A. Clever and honest.
B. Silly and lazy.
C. Humorous and stubborn.
D. Proud and selfish.
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）D
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了老鼠和狮子的故事，告诉人们狮子放过老鼠后，老鼠如何帮助狮子。
（1）细节题。根据第二段提到的 Each day Lion took a long, lazy sleep under the shade of his favourite tree. 可知他每天在树下休息，故选D。
（2）细节题。根据第三段提到的One day Mouse ran through the jungle and tripped over Lion's huge paws.可知，老鼠被狮子的爪子绊倒了，故选C。
（3）细节题。根据倒数第二段提到的How could such a powerless little mouse ever help me? ，狮子在质疑老鼠会帮助自己，故选D。
（4）推断题。根据全文提到的老鼠帮助狮子逃离陷阱，可知老鼠很诚实且很聪明，故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
2．阅读理解
You might see aliens in books and movies. They look strange. They are very smart. They travel in spaceships.
But are there really aliens in space? British scientist Stephen Hawking, 68, thinks so. He says that people should not look for aliens. He thinks they are dangerous. On a new British TV program, Hawking says, "It is quite possible that there are aliens in space. They might live in big spaceships. They have used up all the resources（资源）from their home planet. "He thinks such aliens are sure to get resources from Earth and then go away. They may bring troubles to Earth, too.
（1）Aliens in books and movies are always .
A. quiet and strange
B. strange and smart
C. smart and cruel
D. shy and cute （2）Are there really aliens in space?
A. Yes, there are.
B. No, there aren't.
C. We are not sure.
D. There used to be some, but now they have disappeared.
（3）According to Mr. Hawking, aliens probably have .
A. used up their resources
B. polluted their own planet
C. destroyed the big spaceships they lived in
D. travelled around the earth
（4）Mr. Hawking believes that aliens will come to Earth to .
A. cause troubles
B. get resources
C. make a living
D. make friends with humans
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：这是一篇议论文，主要讨论外星人。你可能在书和电影中看到外星人，他们看起来很奇怪，他们很聪明，他们乘坐宇宙飞船旅行。但是现实中没人看见过。英国科学家认为人们不应该寻找外星人，他们太危险。这些外星人会来地球掠夺资源，给地球带来麻烦。
（1）细节理解题。根据
You might see aliens in books and movies. They look strange. 可知在书里他们很奇怪而且很聪明。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据 On a new British TV program, Hawking says, "It is quite possible that there are aliens in space. 可知Hawking认为极有可能有外星人，但不确定有。应选C。（3）细节理解题。根据 They have used up all the resources（资源）from their home planet. 可知外星人可能用完了他们所有的资源。故选A。
（4）细节理解题。根据 "He thinks such aliens are sure to get resources from Earth and then go away. 可知 Mr. Hawking认为外星人会来地球上获取资源。故选B。
【点评】此题考查阅读理解。此题涉及细节理解题，我们先阅读短文，理解短文大意。然后分析问题，带着问题仔细阅读短文，从短文的细节中找出问题答案。
3．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
In most parts of the world, many students help their schools make less pollution. They join environment clubs. In an environment club, people work together to make our environment clean.
Here are some things students often do.
No-rubbish lunches. How many lunch bags do you throw away after lunch? Environment clubs ask students to bring their lunches in bags that can be used again. Every week they will choose which classes make the least rubbish and report them to the whole school.
No-car day. On a no-car day, nobody comes to school in a car including the students and the teachers. Cars give pollution to us, so remember:
Walk, jump, bike, or run!
Use your legs! It's lots of fun!
Turn off the water! Do you know that some toilets can waste twenty to forty cubic （立方）meters of water an hour? In a year, that would fill in a small river. In the environment clubs, students repair those broken toilets.
We love our environment. Let's work together to make it better.
（1）Environment clubs ask students ________.
A. to run to school every day
B. to take exercise every day
C. not to have lunch at school
D. to bring their lunches in bags that can be used again
（2）From the passage we know the students usually have lunch ________.
A. at school
B. in shops
C. in clubs
D. at home
（3）On a no-car day, ________ will take a car to school.
A. both students and teachers
B. only students
C. neither students nor teachers
D. only teachers
（4）After students mend toilets, they save ________.
A. a small river
B. a club
C. a lot of water
D. a toilet
（5）The writer wrote the passage to ask students to ________.
A. clean schools
B. make less pollution
C. join clubs
D. help teachers
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）C
（4）C
（5）B
【解析】【分析】主要讲了为了让我们的环境整洁，学生加入环境俱乐部经常做的一些事情。
（1）细节题。根据Environment clubs ask students to bring their lunches in bags that can be used again.可知环境俱乐部让学生们用可以再次使用的袋子带午饭，故选D。
（2）细节题。根据Environment clubs ask students to bring their lunches in bags that can be used again. Every week they will choose which classes make the least rubbish and report them to the whole school.可知环境俱乐部让学生们用可以再次使用的袋子带午饭，并且每周选出制造垃圾最少的班级，并且通报全新，可知学生在学校吃午饭，故选A。
（3）细节题。根据nobody comes to school in a car including the students and the teachers.可知老师和学生都不坐车去上学，故选C。
（4）细节题。根据Do you know that some toilets can waste twenty to forty cubic （立方）meters of water an hour?可知一些厕所一小时浪费20到40立方水，所以修理厕所会节约水，故选C。
（5）细节题。根据many students help their schools make less pollution.可知让学生制造更少的污染，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
4．阅读理解
More than 1,000 different kinds of pieces of plastic, including 115 cups, 25 bags, four bottles and two pairs of shoes, have been found inside a dead whale（鲸鱼） in Indonesia, according to local officials.
When the whale was found on the island, it was already decomposing when animal doctors arrived. So they were unable to be sure if the plastic caused its death, said Lukas, the leader of the World Wildlife Fund in Indonesia. The plastic weighed about 6 kilograms, or 13 pounds, he said.
But pictures of the dead whale caused a warm discussion. The people in the country have
started to realize that it is because of using too much plastic. So has the government. Indonesia, a nation of about 260 million people was the world's second-biggest producer of plastic waste in 2018, behind only China.
If the whales eat too much plastic, they will have a wrong feeling. They think that they are full. And that will lead them to eat less food that provides all the good things they need, said Nicholas who is the leader of the Ocean Conservancy. Moreover, eating too much plastic can make them reduce their weight, their energy and slow down their swimming. As a result, whales are easier to be hurt by the sharks and many other dangerous animals in the sea.
More than 800 kinds of animals in the sea are affected by about 8.8 million tons of plastic which is thrown away freely in the ocean each year. Plastic can also stop the animals moving freely and sometimes they will cause them to die because they have to be under the water for too long. Some plastic can make a small hole in their stomachs after they eat it.
（1）What does the underlined word "decomposing" in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. 腐烂.
B. 吸收.
C. 凝固.
D. 飘散.（2）Which country produced most plastic waste in 2018?
A. India.
B. China.
C. Indonesia.
D. America.
（3）What happens to the whales after eating too much plastic?
A. They will feel hungry.
B. They will die at once.
C. They will eat less healthy food.
D. They will attack sharks actively.
（4）According to the passage, what can we infer?
A. Pictures of the dead whale caught few people's attention.
B. People kill whales because they are dangerous animals.
C. Plastic can stop sea animals moving freely, even cause them to die.
D. Indonesia government will take action to stop the sea pollution.
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）C
（4）D
【解析】【分析】这篇文章讲述在印度尼西亚发现了一头死去的鲸鱼胃里有很多塑料。由此引起了人们对过度使用塑料的反思。
（1）细节题。根据后文So they were unable to be sure if the plastic caused its death…可知这只鲸鱼在被发现时已经死了，可推知decomposing描述的是它死后的状态，结合选项，腐烂的意思符合语境，故选A。
（2）细节题。根据第三段Indonesia, a nation of about 260 million people was the world's second-biggest producer of plastic waste in 2018, behind only China.印度尼西亚是第二大产国，仅次于中国，可见中国产生的塑料垃圾最多，故选B。
（3）细节题。根据第四段And that will lead them to eat less food that provides all the good things they need…可只吃了太多塑料，“吃饱了”的错觉，会让鲸鱼不吃健康的食物，故选
C。
（4）细节题。根据第三段The people in the country have started to realize that it is because of using too much plastic. So has the government.这个国家的人们已经开始意识到这是因为使用了太多的塑料。政府也意识到了，由此可推知政府将会采取措施阻止海洋污染。故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
5．阅读理解
Our new foreign students are going to arrive very soon, and here are some ways to communicate with them politely.
How close do you stand when you talk to a friend? You can stand close to people in the Middle East but don't stand too close to North Americans! Give them more personal space.
Do you know how to touch people correctly? Chinese girls often walk arm in arm with their friends. South Americans sometimes hold your arm when they talk to you, so you can't move away！But in Britain many people don't like other people touching them at all.
Do you look at people when you talk? In some places, it isn't polite to look at people when they talk, but in other countries it isn't polite to look somewhere else .In Britain and the US, people usually look at each other when they talk.
And how do you say goodbye? That's easy. Wave（挥手）to say goodbye .But be careful！In Greece, it's not polite at all！In fact, it's very rude!
（1）According to the passage, we should give people in ______more personal space. A. the Middle East B. North America C. South America D. South China
（2）The underlined word "touch" means" ________"in Chinese.
A. 触碰
B. 打击
C. 感动
D. 震撼（3）We can't wave to say goodbye in________.
A. America
B. Japan
C. Britain
D. Greece
（4）How many ways are given to communicate with foreign students?
A. Two.
B. Three.
C. Four.
D. Five.
（5）What's the best title of this passage?
A. Saying goodbye
B. Touching people
C. Looking at people
D. Communicating politely
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）D
（4）C
（5）D
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了一些有礼貌与外国学生沟通交流的方法。如你和朋友交谈时应该站多远，如何正确触碰人，在说话时要看着对方，如何挥手说再见等等。
（1）细节题。根据 You can stand close to people in the Middle East but don't stand too close to North Americans! Give them more personal space 的描述可知我们应该给北美人更多的个
人空间，故选B。
（2）词义猜测题。根据Chinese girls often walk arm in arm with their friends. South Americanssometimes hold your arm when they talk to you, so you can'. t move away! But in Britainmany people, don’t like other people to touch th em at all. 的描述可知touch的意思为触碰，故选A。
（3）细节题。根据最后一段And how do you say goodbye? That’ s easy, wave （挥手） to say. goodbye. But becareful! In Greece，it’ s not at all polite! In fact，it' s very rude!的描述可知在希腊不能挥手说再见，故选D。
（4）细节题。根据全文描述可知有How close do you stand ，how to touch people correctly， look at people when you talk和 how do you say goodbye，4种方式，故选C。（5）主旨题。根据全文描述，可知本文主要介绍了一些有礼貌与外国学生沟通交流的方法。故标题是礼貌地交流，故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，词义猜测题和主旨题3种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
6．阅读理解
The largest animal ever to live on Earth is the blue whale. It weighs about 80 tons--more than 24 big elephants. It is more than 30 metres long. A new baby whale weighs as much as a big elephant.
Cats won't die if they fall off very high places because they can turn themselves up the right way so as to keep their bodies safe. One cat fell off 32 floors onto the street, but it was just hurt a little.
A bear can run as fast as a horse.
A new-born panda is smaller than a mouse and weighs about 100 grams.
Elephants are the most careful animals in their love. A male elephant may show his lady love for up to three years until the female elephant takes his love. They often show their love by touching each other's body.
Usually, wolves do not hurt people. For years a Canadian newspaper says that they would give anyone a lot of money if he or she could show that a wolf could hurt a person. But nobody could do that. Wolves do not usually go together though they may do this in winter and they only hurt people at an unusual time.
（1）How much does a new-born blue whale weigh?
A. About 10 tons.
B. As much as a baby elephant.
C. About 80 tons.
D. About 3 tons.（2）A bear can run people think it can.
A. faster than
B. more slowly than
C. as fast as
D. as slowly as （3）A male elephant won't stop following a female elephant to until the female elephant takes his love.
A. fight with the baby elephant
B. ask the lady elephant to help him
C. show his love for a long time
D. find food together with her
（4）A wolf won't hurt people except .
A. in winter
B. at an unusual time
C. in groups
D. that it is happy
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文叙述了蓝鲸是陆地上最大的动物，它的重量与24头大象的重量相当。长约30多米，刚出生的蓝鲸等于一头大象的重量。文中还提到了猫、熊、马、熊猫和狼这几种动物的情况。
（1）细节理解题。根据It weighs（重）about 80 tons-more than 24 big elephants. A new baby whale weighs as much as a big elephant. 可知一头大象重3吨，故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据A bear can run as fast as a horse.熊跑得和马一样快，当然比人跑得快，故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据文中的语句A male elephant may show his lady love for up to three years until the female elephant takes his love. 理解可知，一头雄象可能会表现出他对雌象长久的爱，直到她接受了他的爱。故选C。
（4）细节理解题。根据文中的语句 they only hurt people at an unusual time.理解可知，狼只有在一些特殊情况下，才会伤害人类，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。
7．阅读理解
April 15 was a sad day for France. A fire broke out in Notre Dame, a centuries—old cathedral （大教堂） in the heart of Paris. The cathedral's spire（尖顶）and a large part of its roof were destroyed.
Built between 1163 and 1250, Notre Dame is one of the finest examples of French Gothic architecture（哥特式建筑）. The cathedral is home to many valuable works of art. Among the most famous artworks inside are its three stained—glass rose windows, and the cathedrals bronze statues which had been taken away before the fire for repairs.
Notre Dame is one of the world's most famous tourist attractions. About 13 million people visit it every year. It lies in the center of Paris, along the Seine River French writer Victor Hugo used it
as the setting of his famous story The Hunchback of Notre-Dame《巴黎圣母院》.
French President Emmanuel Macron described the fire as a" terrible tragedy, but added, the" worst had been avoided Macron has promised that the French people will" rebuild the cathedral together". He announced that he will launch an international fund raising campaign （募捐活动）. Notre Dame is our, it's our literature, and it's our imagery. We will rebuild it. This is probably part of the French destiny, and we will finish it in the next five years. Starting tomorrow, a national donation plan will be started at home and abroad," Macron said." Paris without Notre Dame? Madness".
（1）How old is the Notre-Dame de Paris Cathedral?
A. About 850 years.
B. About 1160 years.
C. About 1250 years.
D. About 2410 years.（2）Which of the following was NOT damaged in the fire?
A. The cathedral's spire.
B. The cathedral's roof.
C. The top of the Gothic cathedral.
D. The cathedral's bronze statues.
（3）What do you know about Notre Dame de Paris?
A. You can buy lots of artistic treasure in it.
B. It sits in central Paris, by the Seine River.
C. French writer Hugo finished his famous story in it.
D. It's one of British most famous places of interest.
（4）What can you infer（推断）from the last paragraph?
A. The most valuable part of the church was damaged in the fire.
B. French government will pay all the money for the rebuild.
C. Tourists can visit Notre Dame de Paris in the next five years.
D. People around the world may have already donated some money.
【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）B
（4）B
【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述4月15日在巴黎圣母院发生了一场火灾，法国总统Emmanuel Macron说他将会发起国际基金募捐活动，在未来5年重建巴黎圣母院。
（1）细节题。根据 Built between 1163 and 1250, Notre Dame is one of the finest examples of French Gothic architecture（哥特式建筑）.可知，Notre Dame大教堂大约有850年的历史，故选A。
（2）细节题。根据 the cathedrals bronze statues which had been taken away before the fire for repairs.可知，大教堂的铜像因为在火灾发生前被拿去修理了，所以没有被毁坏，故选D。（3）细节题。根据It lies in the center of Paris, along the Seine River可知，它位于巴黎中心，沿着塞纳河，故选B。
（4）推断题。根据 French people will" rebuild the cathedral together". He announced that he will launch an international fund raising campaign （募捐活动）. and we will finish it in the next
five years.可知，法国总统Emmanuel Macron说他将会发起国际基金募捐活动，在未来5年重建Notre Dame大教堂，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解能力，细节题和推断题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题要从文中寻找答案。推断题需要根据上下文，推断出需要的信息.
8．阅读理解
To most of us, home is the safest and warmest place in the world. But eighth graders at Shenzhen Sunshine Middle School are trying to figure out ways to escape their homes as quickly as possible in case of an emergency.
Teachers asked students to draw emergency evacuation（紧急撤离）maps of their homes to learn about how to escape in the event of a fire.
The project meant a lot to Shen Wei. When he was younger, the 10-year-old once played with fire and almost burned his family's house down. Since then, the possibility of another fire has always been on his mind. By drawing the map, he said he was able to surmount his fear. Now, he is feeling relaxed.
On his map, Shen marked possible sources of fire at home, including the fridge, computer and bookshelves He said these areas should be avoided in the event of a fire.
While most students only mapped out one evacuation route, Yan Jun, 13, made three Yan and his parents live on the third floor of their building. At first, he thought his family could only escape by going down the stairs. But later, he got the idea from the way his family laundry.
Usually, Yan's family hang clothes on their balcony. Sometimes their clothes fall to the second floor because of the wind. Instead of walking down the stairs, Yan's father sometimes climbs down outdoor air-conditioner units to get the clothes.
Does this sound like a good evacuation route? Yan also suggested using a rope to climb out the window. With so many ways to evacuate, I won't be scared, even if there is a real fire, "said Yan.（1）What does the underlined word surmount mean?
A. reuse
B. keep
C. produce
D. control
（2）According to Shen, which of the following may not cause a fire?
A. Fridge
B. Water tank
C. Comp
D. Bookshelves
（3）How did Yan get inspiration（灵感）for his second evacuation route?
A. From his homework.
B. From the internet.
C. From his family's laundry.
D. From his father's job.
（4）Which of the following is a suitable title for this passage?
A. Escaping your home during a fire.
B. Safety rules during a fire.
C. Emergency situations in public.
D. Don't be afraid of fire.
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）C
（4）A
【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述深圳阳光中学8年级的老师要求学生画火灾紧急逃离的地图以便学习如何逃离火灾。
（1）词义猜测题。根据 the possibility of another fire has always been on his mind. By drawing the map, he said he was able to surmount his fear.可知，另一场火灾总是在他的脑海中，通过画地图，他说他能够克服自己的害怕心理，推出surmount的意思为控制，故选D。
（2）细节题。根据Shen marked possible sources of fire at home, including the fridge, computer and bookshelves可知，水缸可能不会引起火灾，故选B。
（3）细节题。根据But later, he got the idea from the way his family laundry.可知，他从他家的洗衣房得到灵感，故选C。
（4）主旨题。本文主要讲述火灾期间如何逃离火灾，故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解能力，细节题、词义猜测题和主旨题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题要从文中寻找答案；词句猜测题需要联系上下文，推出词句的意思；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
9．阅读短文，从下面每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Mike Myers is a teacher at Chauncey Rose High School in Terre Haute, Indiana. Last year, he taught his students about the world's rain forests. They learned that rain forests are important because the plants and animals of the rain forests give us food, wood and medicine.
Destruction of the world's rain forests is a severe problem. As part of a class project, Myers' students bought three acres （英亩） of rain forest in Central America. They paid $25 for each acre. The students hope that the land they bought will be protected and not destroyed.
Last June, Myers and four of his students took a boat ride down a river. They saw alligators and crocodiles. In the middle of the week, a guide took Myers and his students into the rain forest. "The monkeys were not happy that we were in their forest. They broke small branches off the trees and threw them at us," one of the students said. "It was a great journey of exploring nature for all of us," said Myers.
Each student close something special about Costa Rica to study involving the plants animals, food, and culture. During the last few days the group had time to do fun activation. They went whitewater rafting and horseback riding, and visited Costa Rica's active volcano.
Myers hopes to make the trip every year with a different group of kids.
（1）How much did Myers' students pay for the rain forest they bought?
A. $ 25
B. $ 50
C. $ 75
D. $ 100
（2）The underlined word "Destruction'" in paragraph 2 probably means the process of being ________.
A. destroyed
B. developed
C. described
D. discovered
（3）What did Myers and his students do at the beginning of their trip?
A. They caught some monkeys.
B. They took a boat ride down a river.
C. They studied some plants and animals.
D. They followed their guide to the rain forest.
（4）The passage mainly shows that Myers and his students ________.
A. went to the rain forest for fun activities
B. did something to protect the rain forest
C. wanted to buy the rain forest in Costa Rica
D. were interested in the culture of Costa Rica
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）B
（4）B
【解析】【分析】主要讲了Myers和学生们做一些事情来保护热带雨林。
（1）细节题。根据Myers' students bought three acres （英亩）of rain forest in Central America. They paid $25 for each acre.可知买了3英亩热带雨林，每英亩25美元，所以一共75美元，故选C。
（2）细节题。根据常识可知热带雨林的破坏是一个严重的问题，所以destruction意思是被破坏的过程，即destoryed破坏，故选A。
（3）细节题。根据Last June, Myers and four of his students took a boat ride down a river.可知他们乘船去了河流下游，故选B。
（4）细节题。根据全文可知主要讲了Myers和学生们做一些事情来保护热带雨林。故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
10．阅读短文，从下面每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Welcome to the 26th century! Cyborg technology is a way of life. People with human brains and artificial （人造的） bodies are everywhere.
This is the future world shown in the film Alita: Battle https://www.360docs.net/doc/bd13580533.html, director James Cameron made the film. The movie came out in the Chinese mainland theaters on Feb 22.
The story is based on Japanese manga artist Yukito Kishiro's popular manga series of the same name. The main character, a cyborg, is a girl named Alita.
One day, she wakes up in wreckage and finds that she has lost her memory. Luckily, a doctor saves her. As she starts her new life, Alita finds she has superhuman abilities. She decides to find the truth behind her origin. She started a journey that leads her through a dark world.
In Cameron's own words, the movie is "not like any of the films that I've done before". Its visual effects are especially impressive. The film's actors used the latest motion-capture （动作捕捉）technology. They wore special suits that record their movements. Later, motion-capture editors use these movements to make special effects. Rosa Salaza plays Alita. She wore a suit with more than 7, 000 pieces and layers. It can capture human movement. The model that was used for her face was changed nearly 5, 000 times to make it more lifelike.
（1）According to the passage, cyborgs have ________.
A. artificial brains
B. human bodies
C. man-made brains
D. man-made bodies （2）People in Shenzhen could watch the film on ________.
A. Jan 21
B. Jan 23
C. Feb 21
D. Feb 23
（3）What were used to record the actor's movements?
A. Special suits
B. Cameras
C. Computers
D. Motion-capture machines （4）Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. It is unusual to see a Cyborg in the 26th century.
B. Alita remembers everything clearly when she wakes up in wreckage.
C. The film is almost the same as the ones James Cameron has done before.
D. A lot of work was done in order to make Alita's face look more lifelike.
【答案】（1）D
（2）D
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】【分析】主要讲了电影《战斗天使》中电子生化人技术及未来世界。
（1）细节题。根据Cyborg technology is a way of life. People with human brains and artificial （人造的） bodies are everywhere.可知电子生化人技术有人造身体，故选D。
（2）细节题。根据The movie came out in the Chinese mainland theaters on Feb 22.可知电影在2月22日上映，所以人们可以在2月22日以后可以看该电影，故选D。
（3）细节题。根据They wore special suits that record their movements.可知他们穿着记录它们动作的特殊的衣服，故选A。
（4）细节题。根据The model that was used for her face was changed nearly 5, 000 times to make it more lifelike.可知被用在脸上的模型被改变了5000次目的是让它更像，故选D。【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
11．阅读理解
It was the last day of the final examination in a college. On the steps of building, a group of engineering students were waiting for the last exam. On their faces was confidence.
They knew the exam would be easy. The professor （教授）had said they could bring any books or notes during the test.
Right after they came into the classroom, the professor handed out the papers. There were only five questions on it.
Three hours passed. Then the professor began to collect the papers. The students no longer looked confident. On their faces was nervous expression. The professor watched the worried faces before him, and then asked, "How many of you have completed all five questions?" No hand was raised. "How many of you have answered four?" Still no hands. "Three? Two?" The students moved restlessly in their seats. "One, then? Certainly somebody has finished one." But the class kept silent. The professor said, "That is exactly what I expected. I just want to make you know clearly that even though you have completed four years of engineering, there are still many things about the subject you don't know. These questions you could not answer are common in
everyday practice." Then, smiling, he added, "You will all pass this course, but remember, your education has just begun."
The years have obscured the name of this professor, but not the lesson he taught.
（1）Why did the students think the exam was easy at first?
A. Because it was their last exam in the college.
B. Because they knew there were only five questions.
C. Because they thought they were clever and talented.
D. Because they were allowed to bring any books and notes.
（2）What does the underlined word "obscured" mean in the last paragraph?
A. 模糊
B. 回忆
C. 提醒
D. 改变（3）What could the students learn from the last exam?
A. He laughs best who laughs last.
B. A good beginning is half done.
C. One is never too old to learn.
D. The early bird catches the worm.
（4）What's the best title of the article?
A. Some Confident Students
B. An Easy Exam
C. An Interesting Professor
D. An Unforgettable Lesson
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）C
（4）D
【解析】【分析】主要讲了大学教授给学生们出了5道题，但是没人答出，教授告诉学生生活中仍然有不知道的东西，教育才刚刚开始，这节课让学生们难以忘记。
（1）细节题。根据The professor （教授）had said they could bring any books or notes during the test.可知教授说可以带书和笔记，所以学生们认为考试是简单的，故选D。（2）推断题。根据最后一段可知年份已经让人们忘记了教授的名字，但是没有忘记他教的课，即岁月模糊了教授的名字，但是没有模糊他上的课，故选A。
（3）细节题。根据I just want to make you know clearly that even though you have completed four years of engineering, there are still many things about the subject you don't know.可知教授告诉学生生活中仍然有不知道的东西，教育才刚刚开始，即活到老，学到老，故选C。（4）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了大学教授给学生们出了5道题，但是没人答出，教授告诉学生生活中仍然有不知道的东西，教育才刚刚开始，这节课让学生们难以忘记。即难以忘记的一课，故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
12．阅读理解
Travel to Italy
Cities Milan Venice
Population in
2010
1，307，900270，500
Area Larger than Florence's7. 6 square kilometers
Typical feature （特征）The second largest city in
Italy
A water city
Climate Wet Warm winter and hot
summer
Cities Florence Rome
Population
in 2010
369 thousand 2. 74 million
Area104 square kilometers Over 1，507 square
kilometers （City area）
Typical feature （特征）The birthplace of
the Renaissance
（文艺复兴发源地）
The capital city
Climate Pleasant climate Warm and wet in winter while hot and dry in
summer
A. two
B. three
C. four
（2）Milan has a ________ climate according to the form.
A. wet
B. hot
C. dry
（3）According to the form, ________ is the smallest in area.
A. Rome
B. Venice
C. Milan
（4）Florence is well known as ________.
A. the largest city in Italy
B. the water city
C. the birthplace of the Renaissance
（5）Which of the following is TRUE according to the form?
A. In 2010, the population of Florence was larger than that of Milan.
B. The population of Rome was 2，740，000 in 2010.
C. The capital city has an area of less than 1，507 square kilometers.
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）B
（4）C
（5）B
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了意大利的四座著名城市。
（1）细节题。根据表格cities一栏显示可知，表格里提及了 Milan ， Venice ， Florence ，Rome4个著名的意大利城市，故选C。
（2）细节题。根据表格climate一栏显示可知，米兰的气候是潮湿，wet，故选A。
（3）细节题。根据表格area一栏显示可知， Venice是面积最小的城市，故选B。
（4）细节题。根据表格typical feature一栏显示可知，佛罗伦萨因是文艺复兴发源地而出名，故选C。
（5）细节题。根据表格2010年人口一栏显示可知，罗马有27.4亿人口，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案。
13．阅读理解
Police aren't sure how else to explain it. But when a policeman walked into an apartment on Thursday night to answer a 911 call, a cat was lying by a telephone on the floor. The cat's owner, Gary, was on the ground near his bed having fallen out of his wheelchair.
Gary said his cat, Tommy, must have hit the right buttons（按钮）to call 911. He said he couldn't get up because of great pain from his chest（胸口）. He also couldn't reach the medicine on the table.
The policeman, Patrick, said police got a 911 call from Gray's apartment, but there was no one on the phone. Police called back to make sure everything was OK, and when no one answered, they decided to check things out. That's why Patrick found Tommy next to the phone.
Gary got the cat three years ago to help lower his blood pressure （压力）. He trained him to call 911, but unsure if the training would work. The phone in the living room is always on the floor, and there are 12 small buttons including a speed dial （快捷键） for 911 right above the button for the speaker phone.
"He's my hero（英雄）." Gray said.
（1）Who made a 911 call to the police?
A. Gary.
B. Patrick.
C. The cat.
D. Gary's neighbor.
（2）The police got the call because ____________.
A. someone broke into Gary's house through the window
B. Tommy liked to play with the phone
C. the cat was in great danger
D. Gary was in danger and needed some help
（3）Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Gary is a disabled man.
B. Gary was saved at last.
C. Gary thought the police was his hero.
D. Tommy is very clever.
【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）C
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了猫拨打911救了它的主人的故事。
（1）推理题。根据Gary said his cat, Tommy, must have hit the right buttons（按钮）to call 911.可知是猫拨打了电话，故选C。
（2）推理题。根据Police called back to make sure everything was OK,可知因为Gary 有危险需要帮助，故选D。
（3）细节题。根据He's my hero（英雄）." Gray said可知猫是他的英雄，故不是警察，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
14．阅读理解
Sixteen years ago a boy gave me an important gift. It was a smile.
It was the early autumn of my first year at a middle school, and my old school was far away. As a result, no one knew who I was. I was very lonely, and afraid to speak to anyone.
Every time I heard the other students talking and laughing, I felt my heart break. I couldn't talk with anyone about my problems.
Then one day, when my classmates were talking happily with their friends, I was sitting at my desk unhappily as usual. At that moment, a boy entered the classroom. I didn't know who he was. He passed by me and then turned back. He looked at me, with a smile.
Suddenly, I felt the touch of something bright and friendly. It made me feel happy and warm. That smile changed my life. I started to talk with other students and made friends. Day by day, I became closer to everyone in my class. The boy with the lucky smile has become my best friend now.
One day I asked him why he had smiled, but he couldn't remember doing so!
It doesn't matter because all the dark days have gone. I believe that the world is what you think it is. If you think it is lonely, you might always be alone. So smile at the world and it will smile back.
（1）When did the writer get the gift?
A. At the age of 16.
B. After making friends with the boy.
C. In the first year at a middle school.
D. After becoming closer to everyone in the class.（2）Why was the smile an important gift?
A. Because the writer's old school was far away.
B. Because the writer didn't know who the boy was.
C. Because the smile didn't mean anything to the boy.
D. Because the writer felt lonely and had no friends and it made her feel happy and warm.
（3）Why didn't the writer talk to anyone in her new school about her problems?
A. Because she was always unhappy.
B. Because she didn't know anyone at the time.
C. Because she was in the first year at the junior high school.
D. Because she didn't want her parents to worry about her.
（4）How did the smile change her life?
A. She started to make friends.
B. She became the best friend of the boy.
C. Her parents didn't worry about her any more.
D. She realized that she was lonely.
【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）B
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了十六年前，一个男孩给了我一个重要的礼物。这是一个微
笑。接下来作者介绍了在新学校感觉到很孤独的时光，但是，同学的一个微笑，改变了她对人生的看法。最后总结：如果你觉得孤独，你可能总是独自一人。因此，对这个世界微笑，它也会向你微笑。
（1）细节题。根据 It was the early autumn of my first year at a middle school 可知是在一所中学的第一年，故选C。
（2）推理题。根据 I was very lonely, and afraid to speak to anyone 没有人知道我是谁。我很孤单，害怕与任何人交朋友和 It made me feel happy and warm 这让我感到快乐温暖。可知因为作者感到孤独，没有朋友，这使她感到幸福和温暖，故选D。
（3）推理题。根据 It was the early autumn of my first year at a middle school和 Every time I heard the other students talking and laughing, I felt my heart break. I couldn't talk with anyone about my problems 可知她是新来到学校的，因为她当时不认识任何人，故选B。
（4）推理题。根据 That smile changed my life. I started to talk with other students and made friends. Day by day, I became closer to everyone in my class. The boy with the lucky smile has become my best friend now那个微笑改变了我的生活。我开始与其他学生交谈并结识了朋友。一天又一天，我和班里的每个人都更亲近了。那个带着幸运微笑的男孩现在成了我最好的朋友，可知她开始交朋友了，故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
15．阅读理解
As a volunteer teacher, I traveled a long way to a small village school in Longzhou, Guangxi. On my way there, I thought about the village, the school, and the children there. However, my heart sank when I arrived there. It wasn't what I expected. It didn't look like a school at all! The school had only three rooms, one for Grades 1, 2 and 3, and the other for Grades 4, 5 and 6. There was a third one for me.
The children welcomed me warmly on my first day. They asked me a lot of questions, and I told them stories about myself and my life in Beijing. The next day, I gave them a test to find out their level（水平）. To my surprise, though the test was very easy, over half of the students couldn't pass it. I knew they needed me.
I was busy preparing lessons, reading test papers every night. I enjoyed teaching these lovely and hard-working children, and I could see that they were making progress with my help. I have also learned a lot from them. I understand their lives better, and we are now good friends.
I have worked in Longzhou for a year now. I'm happy, and the experience has been very useful for me. I love the small village and the children. In fact, I would like to continue working here. （1）The writer is a volunteer teacher who comes from ________.
A. Guangxi
B. Xiamen
C. Beijing
D. Shanghai
（2）In the passage, "my heart sank" means that the writer ________.
A. felt upset
B. was happy
C. got angry
D. was excited
（3）The writer found the students' level was ______ what she expected after the first test.
A. just as
B. higher than
C. lower than
D. the same as
（4）Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Both the volunteer teacher and the students are working so hard.
B. The volunteer teacher doesn't like to work there any longer.
C. The students became better and better with the help of the volunteer teacher.
D. The volunteer teacher became friends with the students.
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章讲述了来自北京的老师去广西龙州支教的故事，他看到的学校与他想象的差别很大，但是他没有离开，留了下来，并帮助孩子成绩取得进步。（1）细节理解题，根据I told them stories about myself and my life in Beijing.可知作者来自北京，故答案是C。
（2）词义猜测题，my heart sank的本意是心沉了下来，因为作者看到的学校与他相像完全不一样，心里有了很大的落差，因此感到很沮丧，故答案是A。
（3）细节理解题，根据To my surprise, though the test was very easy, over half of the students couldn't pass it.可知，当地的孩子们的学业水平很差，比他想象的要低。故答案是C。
（4）细节理解题，根据最后一段的描述可知作者很喜欢那一段支教经历，因此B是错误的，故答案是B。
【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及到了细节理解题和词义猜测题，细节理解题相对简单，一般可以直接从文章中找到答案，词义猜测题则需要结合前后句或者文章本身去推测单词的意思。