初中英语语法之五 连词

连词

一、并列连词：

（一）连词的概念：

连词是一种虚词，不能担任一个句子成分。连词在句中主要起连接词与词、短语与短语及句子和句子的作用。它主要是包括并列连词和从属连词。

She’ll be back either this week or next week.她将在这周或下周回来。

I went and she went also. 我去了，她也去了。

（三）并列连词的用法：

1、并列连词and和or：

①and和or 是用得最多的并列连词，可以连接：

a. 两个并列的动词：We were singing and dancing all evening. 整个晚上我们都在唱歌跳舞。

b. 名词、形容词等：This apple is big and red. Would you like fish or beef?

c. 两个并列的分句（句子）：I said it and I meant it. 我说话算数。

②and 可连接两个分句，表示递进关系。Give him an inch and he will take a mile. 他会得寸进尺。

③or可连接分句，表示“否则”：

Don’t drive so fast or you’ll have an accident.别开这么快，不然你会出车祸。

2、表示意思转折的连词：but, yet:

①but和yet的用法：

The weather will be sunny but cold. 天气会晴朗但很冷。

It is strange, yet true. 这很奇怪，却是真的。

②however, still 等为副词，但可起连接作用，表示意思的转折---“但是”或“然而”。

a. however: His first response was to say no. Later, however, he changed his mind.

他的第一反应是不行，但后来他改变了主意。

b. still: It’s raining; still I’d like to go.天在下雨，但我还是要去。

③词组all the same: She is naughty, all the same we have to laugh at her jokes.

她很调皮，但对她的恶作剧我们还是要发笑。

3、表示因果的连词：

①for可以表示“因为”，但引导的不是从句，而是并列分句，对前面情况加以解释，常用逗号把它和前面的分句分开，这在书面语中比较多见。

The days were short, for it was now December. 白天很短，因为现在已经是十二月。

She must have gone out early, for she had not come for breakfast.

她肯定一早出去了，因为她没来吃早饭。

②so 表示结果，可译为“因此”、“所以”。

Our cases were heavy, so we took a taxi. 我们的箱子很重，因此我们坐了出租车

③therefore 为副词，也表示同样的意思---“因此”，可放句前：

He had gone; she therefore gave the money to me.他走了，于是她把钱给了我。

4、both... and 的用法

A man should have both courage and perseverance.一个人既要有勇气又要有毅力。

5、就近原则：

1）neither…nor…Neither Lucy nor Lily is a League member.

2）not only…but also…Not only you but also he likes football.

3）either…or…Either Jim or Peter is right.

4）not…but…Not Jim but Peter broke the cup.

6、as well as的用法:

I have read one of his novels as well as a few of his plays. 我读过他的一本小说和几个剧本。

【基础练习】

（一）根据句意选用and, but, or, so, while, for填空。

1. The ground is wet, _________ it rained last night.

2. It's a fine day today, _________ everyone is busy.

3. This is our first lesson, _________ I don't know all your names.

4. Take an umbrella with you, _________ you'll get wet.

5. Do you understand what I said _________ do you want me to explain it again?

6. We have classes in the morning, _________ we don't have classes in the

afternoon.

7. She is a doctor _________ I am a teacher.

8. Use your head, _________ you'll find a way.

9. They went to the zoo yesterday, _________ they didn't see any animals.

10. I must go now, _________ it's getting dark.

（二）选择最佳答案：

( ) 1 My aunt asks whether I like a woolen sweater ______ a cotton one.

A. but

B. or

C. and

D. not

( ) 2 Either Mary ______ Lucy told him to come to see us.

A. or

B. and

C. with

D. nor

( ) 3 Hurry up, ______ we'll be late for the film.

A. and

B. but

C. so

D. or

( ) 4 Be quick, ______ we'll be late.

A. and

B. or

C. but

D. so

( ) 5 We ran to the trees, _____ we couldn't see any more monkeys.

A. but

B. so

C. and

D. for

( ) 6 _____ Li Ping ______ Wu Fang ______ League members.

A. Neither; nor; are

B. Either; nor; is

C. Both; and; are

D. Neither; or; is

( ) 7 You can ______ stay at home ______ go out to play.

A. either; or

B. so; that

C. neither; and

D. both; and

( ) 8 _____ Wei Hua ______ Ann______ very busy.