2018版高考英语二轮课件：第1部分+专题3+技法2+利用语义逻辑关系解题
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2018版高考英语二轮课件：第1部分 专题2 技法2 依据文中和选项中的“词汇”线索 精品
2．词汇复现 复现是指作者在文章上下文的不同位置对同一概念进行重复描述。复现主要 有同义词复现、近义词复现和反义词复现等。
[考题回放] (2017·浙江高考)34.Limit your time. Each interview that you get on the
street shouldn't be longer than ten minutes.As soon as you get the answer you need，move on to the next person.Make sure that as you go from interview to interview，you are getting a variety of answers.If everyone is giving you the same answer，you won't be able to use it.A safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten. 35
the idea.
[思路分析] 由下段首句中的 he is right 可推知，空格处应该包含一个人的某 种观点，由此可锁定 F 项“Giulio Tononi 说睡眠是我们为学习付出的代价”。
[考题回放] (2016·四川高考) 38 They help the body defend itself against some
F．That number of interviews should give you all the answers you need.
[思路分析] 选项 F“这一数量的采访应该能给你你所需要的全部答案”中 的 that number of interviews 与空格前的 a safe number of interviews to conduct(采访的保险数量)前后照应。故选 F 项。
2018版高考英语二轮课件：第1部分 专题1 模式3 推理判断题 精品
[典题 2] (2015·全国卷Ⅱ·A·节选)Then I started developing a problem with the set that involved static(静电)noise.For some reason，when certain shows switched into a commercial，a loud noise would sound for a few seconds.Gradually，this noise began to appear during a show，and to get rid of it，I had to change to another channel and then change it back.Sometimes this technique would not work，and I had to pick up the set and shake it to remove the sound.I actually began to build up my arm muscles(肌肉)shaking my set.
推断隐含意义。 解
3．利用归纳法、演绎法、类比法对文中的论据进行分析，从而推出论点和 题
结论。 技
4．整合信息，由因推果，由果推因；由一般推特殊，由特殊推一般；由具 巧
体推抽象，由抽象推具体。 5．抓住文中的褒贬性词汇或语句，尤其是形容词和副词，可推断作者的情 感态度；依据文章最后的“结论”可推断作者是赞成还是反对。
信息中推出未知信 地表达出的观点或 章的出处，题材范围
辑分析，推出文
息，由已言之意， 看法；体会作者在 和阅读此文章的主
章后文要讲述
推未言之意。
字里行间中流露出 要读者群。
2018版高考英语二轮课件：第1部分 专题2 技法3 依据全文或段落的“主题”线索 精品
Remember, minor changes in our eating habits can lead to major changes in our health.
A．Light nights B．Fewer night snacks C．Fish, in contrast, contains more heart-healthy fats D．Drinking bean milk supplies the body with plant protein E．Experts always suggest preparing food with as little oil as possible F．But most of us fail to obtain adequate nutrients (营养) due to our troubled
lifestyles G．Fiber aids in stabilizing blood sugar, controlling appetite and keeping the heart
healthy
【语篇解读】 本文为说明文。作者介绍了养成健康饮食好习惯的几种策略。 1．F [依据首句中的“均衡饮食能增强免疫系统”可知，F 项中的“但是我们
strengthens the immune system.
1 . The following strategies1 will help you to
jump start healthy eating habits.
Morning must-haves Researchers at Harvard Medical School discovered that people who took daily breakfast were a third less likely to become obese (肥胖的) than those who skipped this meal. To enjoy the most benefits, the researchers recommended eating whole grain foods for breakfast as they are rich in fiber2. 2 ．
A．Light nights B．Fewer night snacks C．Fish, in contrast, contains more heart-healthy fats D．Drinking bean milk supplies the body with plant protein E．Experts always suggest preparing food with as little oil as possible F．But most of us fail to obtain adequate nutrients (营养) due to our troubled
lifestyles G．Fiber aids in stabilizing blood sugar, controlling appetite and keeping the heart
healthy
【语篇解读】 本文为说明文。作者介绍了养成健康饮食好习惯的几种策略。 1．F [依据首句中的“均衡饮食能增强免疫系统”可知，F 项中的“但是我们
strengthens the immune system.
1 . The following strategies1 will help you to
jump start healthy eating habits.
Morning must-haves Researchers at Harvard Medical School discovered that people who took daily breakfast were a third less likely to become obese (肥胖的) than those who skipped this meal. To enjoy the most benefits, the researchers recommended eating whole grain foods for breakfast as they are rich in fiber2. 2 ．
2018版高考英语二轮课件：第1部分 专题3 技法6 利用语法和句法结构解题 精品
41.A.searching C．natural
42．A.progress C．major
43．A.choose C．learn
B．planning D．formal B．experience D．opinion B．read D．create
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
44．A.official C．body
45．A.love C．goal
D．clothes
53．A.sleepy
B．watery
C．curious
D．sharp
54．A.whoever
B．whatever C．whichever
D．whenever
解析：53 题考查词义辨析，四个词都可以修饰 eyes，但通过 thanked 我们可推知 应是感动得眼睛湿润(watery)了，故选 B。54 题考查句法结构，介词 for 后面为 宾语从句，引导词引导宾语从句且在从句中作 need 的宾语，应用代词 whatever， 故选 B。
57．A [上下文暗示。讲课的教授是耳聋的，因此在课堂上是禁止(prohibit)讲话 的。]
58．C [语义逻辑关系。作者意识到无声并非是不愉快的，相反(instead)如果有 任何交谈的话，会导致学生们学到的更少。]
59．B [上下文暗示、词语习惯搭配。相反，如果有任何交谈的话，会导致学 生们学到的更少。cause sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事。]
52．B [词汇复现。由第一段的 explore 可知，此处指作者觉得自己有进一步探 索(explore)的必要。]
53．C [情景排除。既然学手语，就得学会如何用手语表示(sign)字母表中的字 母。]
54．A [上下文暗示。由前面的“being discouraged by”可知，作者进步缓慢(slow)。]
《高考领航》2018-2019高三英语二轮复习题型攻略课件：专题1 第2节 顺藤摸瓜——明辨词义猜测
名师点拨技能提升
经典案例全景剖析 典题在线知能提升
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设题方式 解题技巧 干扰特点
考题中若要求我们猜测熟悉词语的意思，我们必须通过上下文得出其在 特定场合下的特殊意思，那些常规含义的选项不会是要选择的正确答案。
名师点拨技能提升
经典案例全景剖析 典题在线知能提升
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设题方式 解题技巧 干扰特点
1．利用构词法猜词 英语中有大量的单词是通过合成或加前后缀构成的，运用构词法判断生 词的意义是一种快速有效的解题方法。
2．利用语境及逻辑关系猜词 利用上下文语境和前后句之间的并列、因果、转折、对比、解释、定义 和举例等关系来猜测词义。同时要特别留心某些词语，如 or，that is，in other words，including，although，but，even if，on the other hand，on the contrary， other than， rather than， more than，instead of 等。
名师点拨技能提升
经典案例全景剖析 典题在线知能提升
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词义猜测题常见的命题方式有以下几种： 1．The word/phrase “...” in the passage means________.
2．The word/phrase “...” could be best replaced by ________. 3．Which of the following is nearest/closest in meaning to________？ 4．The word/phrase “...” probably refers to ________. 5．According to the passage，the word “...” is known as ________.
2018版高考英语二轮江苏专用课件：第1部分 专题2 技法1 利用上下文暗示解题 精品
专题二 完形填空
技法 1| 利用上下文暗示解题
(对应学生用书第 36 页) 每一篇完整的文章都有其内在的紧密联系，而上下文则是营造语言环境的基 础，也是进行逻辑推理的可靠依据。在多数空白前后的上下文中，会出现或多或 少的设空依据，就是所谓的“伏笔”或“暗示”。学生在阅读过程中会根据这些 伏笔或暗示，或顺势对下文进行推测，或逆向对上文进行推导，心中往往能预判 出答案，并且在阅读过程中对预判答案不断进行修正。
1. 运用“前置信息” [典例 1](2016·江苏高考卷) And I went into a speech about how hard I worked and the gains I was making.I must have talked for ten minutes.Kurt ________ patiently， but then he finally smiled and said，“You don't have a personal plan for growth，do you？”
A．calculated B．listened C．drank D．explained
B [我开始讲述自己工作的辛苦和取得的成果。我想必是讲了十分钟的样子。 库尔特耐心地听着，但最后他笑了笑说到……。]
[点拨] 根据上一句“I must have talked for ten minutes.”可知，库尔特在耐心地倾 听。
A [在他上高中的第一年，加布里埃尔总是同情地看着学音乐的学生，拖着沉 重的乐器盒子，艰难地在校园里走，在别人还都没到的时候，来到学校，练习 几个小时。他发誓不学音乐，因为他讨厌提前到校。]
[点拨] 根据下一句中的“extra early”可知，他们到校比其他任何人都早，因此选 择 before。
技法 1| 利用上下文暗示解题
(对应学生用书第 36 页) 每一篇完整的文章都有其内在的紧密联系，而上下文则是营造语言环境的基 础，也是进行逻辑推理的可靠依据。在多数空白前后的上下文中，会出现或多或 少的设空依据，就是所谓的“伏笔”或“暗示”。学生在阅读过程中会根据这些 伏笔或暗示，或顺势对下文进行推测，或逆向对上文进行推导，心中往往能预判 出答案，并且在阅读过程中对预判答案不断进行修正。
1. 运用“前置信息” [典例 1](2016·江苏高考卷) And I went into a speech about how hard I worked and the gains I was making.I must have talked for ten minutes.Kurt ________ patiently， but then he finally smiled and said，“You don't have a personal plan for growth，do you？”
A．calculated B．listened C．drank D．explained
B [我开始讲述自己工作的辛苦和取得的成果。我想必是讲了十分钟的样子。 库尔特耐心地听着，但最后他笑了笑说到……。]
[点拨] 根据上一句“I must have talked for ten minutes.”可知，库尔特在耐心地倾 听。
A [在他上高中的第一年，加布里埃尔总是同情地看着学音乐的学生，拖着沉 重的乐器盒子，艰难地在校园里走，在别人还都没到的时候，来到学校，练习 几个小时。他发誓不学音乐，因为他讨厌提前到校。]
[点拨] 根据下一句中的“extra early”可知，他们到校比其他任何人都早，因此选 择 before。
2018版高考英语二轮江苏专用课件：第1部分 专题2 技法4 利用词汇复现解题 精品
The__6__began during my first week at college.I watched as the ASL Club__7__their translation of a song.Both the hand movements and the very__8__of communicating without speaking__9__me.What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the__10__．This newness just left me__11__more.
D [在他上高中的第一年，加布里埃尔总是同情地看着学音乐的学生，拖着 沉重的乐器盒子，艰难地在校园里走，在别人还都没到的时候，来到学校， 练习几个小时。]
[点拨] 根据文章最后一段中的“arrived”可知，他们到校练习音乐，选择 turn up“出现，到达”。属于同义词再现。
[典例 2](2017·全国卷Ⅱ)I had advised the kids that while verbs(动词) may seem dull，most of the ________ things they do throughout their lives will be verbs. A.simple B．unique C．fun D．clever C [句意：我曾经告诉过孩子们尽管动词也许比较乏味，但是他们一生中做 的大多数有趣的事情都是动词。] [点拨] 根据句中“while verbs(动词) may seem dull”，其中“while”表示让步， 意思是“尽管”，由此可见此处用 fun。属于反义词同现。
技法 4| 利用词汇复现解题
D [在他上高中的第一年，加布里埃尔总是同情地看着学音乐的学生，拖着 沉重的乐器盒子，艰难地在校园里走，在别人还都没到的时候，来到学校， 练习几个小时。]
[点拨] 根据文章最后一段中的“arrived”可知，他们到校练习音乐，选择 turn up“出现，到达”。属于同义词再现。
[典例 2](2017·全国卷Ⅱ)I had advised the kids that while verbs(动词) may seem dull，most of the ________ things they do throughout their lives will be verbs. A.simple B．unique C．fun D．clever C [句意：我曾经告诉过孩子们尽管动词也许比较乏味，但是他们一生中做 的大多数有趣的事情都是动词。] [点拨] 根据句中“while verbs(动词) may seem dull”，其中“while”表示让步， 意思是“尽管”，由此可见此处用 fun。属于反义词同现。
技法 4| 利用词汇复现解题
2018版高考英语二轮课件：第1部分+专题2+技法1+依据“行文逻辑”线索
cent smaller than those taken before sleep ，showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping. G．Tononi's team measured the size of these connections ，or synapses，in the brains of 12 mice.
E．To get good and useful results，ask them the same question. G．With a question like this，you will get more than a“Yes” or “No” reply.
[思路分析] 本段说去采访前要列出大约十个与采访话题相关的问题，并在 空前给出例子“Why do you think ...？”选项 G 中 With a question like this 中 的 question 指的就是这个问句。
[ 思路分析 ]
该段首句说 “ 现在该是具体描述该证据。此外，该空后面一句话解释了实验 的结果和意义。综合看来，只有 G 项符合语境，指出了研究团队、实验对象 及实验内容。
4．并列关系 [考题回放] (2017· 北京高考)Every animal sleeps，but the reason for this has remained foggy.When lab rats are not allowed to sleep ，they die within a month. 71
example，the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” spell out the hidden message “Meet me.” E．You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.
2018版高考英语二轮江苏专用课件：第1部分 专题3 模式3 推理判断题 精品
Simple improvements to infrastructure( 基 础 设 施 )can reduce the spread of disease.Better sewers(下水道)make it less likely that heavy rain is followed by an outbreak of the disease of bad stomach.Stronger bridges mean villages are less likely to be left without food and medicine after floods.According to a paper in 2011 by Mr Hsiang and co-authors，civil conflict is related to El Niño's harmful effects—and the poorer the country，the stronger the link.Though the relationship may not be causal， helping divided communities to prepare for disasters would at least reduce the risk that those disasters are followed by killing and wounding people.Since the poorest are least likely to make up for their losses from disasters linked to El Niño，reducing their losses needs to be the priority.
2018届高考英语二轮专题复习课件：第二讲 理功能破解非谓语动词 共84张 精品
分析：to sing 考查非谓语动词。ability to do sth.意为“做某 事的能力”，为固定词组搭配，故用不定式作后置定语。
3．(2017·福建龙岩五校期中)Very often, opportunities come quietly and go by without ________ (notice)．
分析：taken mother与take good care of之间为被动关系，所 以用过去分词，构成see sb. done“看到某人被……”。表客观事实 而非正在进行的动作，故不可用being taken形式。
12．(2016·浙江卷)To return to the problem of water pollution, I'd like you to look at a study ________ (conduct) in Australia in 2012.
分析：to prove want to do sth.“想要做某事”，是固定用 法。
9．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you'll be less likely ________ (bring) your work home.
分析：to cool be enough to do sth.“足够……来做某事”。
技巧三 辨清逻辑关系 11．(2015·陕西卷)Back from his two-year medical service in Africa, Dr. Lee was very happy to see his mcare of at home.
________________
3．(2017·福建龙岩五校期中)Very often, opportunities come quietly and go by without ________ (notice)．
分析：taken mother与take good care of之间为被动关系，所 以用过去分词，构成see sb. done“看到某人被……”。表客观事实 而非正在进行的动作，故不可用being taken形式。
12．(2016·浙江卷)To return to the problem of water pollution, I'd like you to look at a study ________ (conduct) in Australia in 2012.
分析：to prove want to do sth.“想要做某事”，是固定用 法。
9．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you'll be less likely ________ (bring) your work home.
分析：to cool be enough to do sth.“足够……来做某事”。
技巧三 辨清逻辑关系 11．(2015·陕西卷)Back from his two-year medical service in Africa, Dr. Lee was very happy to see his mcare of at home.
________________
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she thought the car e had already put out the fire and she should not move B．still B．so B．slip away B．unless C．away C．and C．fall apart C．in case
B．confirmation C．explanation D．information B．public C．distant D．safe
解析：40 空所在的句子在语义上表示递进， “有新书、古书，甚至还有 700 年前 有关伊拉克历史的书籍”，故 40 空选 C；42 空后有 but，应是转折关系，根据 “但是他们拒绝了”，可知，她请求过政府的允许，故 41 空选 A。
[ 例 2]
(2016· 全国卷Ⅰ)...They told her to stay 53
52
until the emergency 54 ．Larry told her 55 she injured her
personnel arrived， neck. 52.A.quiet 53．A.for 54．A.explode 55．A.as if
技法 2| 利用语义逻辑关系解题
[解题技法分述] 文章的段与段、句与句之间通常具有一定的语义关系，如：并列关系、转 折关系、递进关系、因果关系、目的关系、解释关系。完形填空经常会考查学 生对文章中的这些语义关系的把握。因此，理清文章的语义关系是解题的关键。
[经典案例分析] [例 1] (2017· 浙江高考)...The books are in every language—new books， a book on the history of Iraq that is seven hundred years old. 41 to move the books to a 42
D．calm D．but D．crash D．after
解析： 53 题前说他们让那位女士不要动， 而 53 题后说那位女士担心汽车出状况， 前后两部分之间是转折关系， 应用 but， 故选 D。 55 题说她不应该动， 以免(in case) 伤了脖子，为目的关系，故选 C。
ancient books， 40
She had asked the government for
place，but they refused.So Alia took matters into her own hands. 40．A.then 41．A.permission 42．rge B．still C．even D．rather