托福词汇词组(含例句)
词组1：a big potato大人物
A big potato is easy to distinguish,for he is always the last to arrive at a party.
大人物很好识别，因为参加聚会时他们总是最晚才到。
近义词组:a big shot
词组2：a box office smash(电影)票房很成功
Though the film was far from a box office smash when it first hit theaters in 2005,it did receive generally positive reviews that time.
尽管这部电影在2005年刚上映时在票房上远远不算成功，但当时它的确得到了普遍的正面评价。
The director is a talent and most of his films are box office smashes.
这位导演是个天才，他的大多数电影都很卖座。
近义词组：a box office hit
在雅思口语考试中，常会涉及一些与hobby(业余爱好)、leisure activity(休闲活动)等相关的话题，其中电影就是一个较常出现的内容，这里介绍一些和“票房”、“电影”相关的词组:
the highest grossing/top-grossing movie票房冠军影片，票房最高的影片
weekend box office周末票房
opening day box office首日票房
daily box office每日票房
box office battle票房大战
词组3：a bunch of一些
A:I'm gonna ask you a bunch of questions and then you have to answer them real fast.Okay?So,clear your mind!Clear it right out!
A:我要问你一些问题，你需要快速回答。可以吗?好，清醒下头脑!这就让你的脑子清醒下!
B:Okay!
B:好的!
近义词组：a few of
词组4：a couple of几个
A:Did the lecturer suggest anything in particular?
A:演讲者有什么具体的建议吗?
B:Yeah.She recommended software called Vivat and I should book up for a couple of practice sessions using Vivat.
B:她推荐了一个名为Vivat的软件，而且推荐我预订参加几节使用该软件的训练课。
A:Now,there are a couple of books I'd like you to look at.Have you got a pen? Right...Approaches to Local History BY John Mervis.
A:现在我想给你推荐几本书。你有笔吗?好的，约翰·梅尔维斯的《当地历史研究方法》。
B:Right...
B:好的。
词组5:a cushion of air气垫
The main purpose of the first experiment is to show how hovercrafts work,and how things hover around on a cushion of air.
第一个试验的主要目的是展示气垫船的工作原理和物体在气垫上是如何悬浮的。
词组6:a heavy demand for对…有很大需求
We do have a few rooms available for delegates at the conference centre.Those are very cheap but if you're interested you'll need to book soon,because there's always a heavy demand for them.
我们的确在会议中心为与会代表准备了一些房间。房间非常便宜，但是你们如果感兴趣的话就要马上预订，因为这种房间总是很紧俏。
近义词组：a big/great demand for
词组7:a host of大量，许多，一大群
Despite the harsh criticism and a host of skeptics,the preparation for the talk show is proceeding apace.
尽管面对苛刻的批评和众多的质疑者，这个脱口秀的准备工作仍在快速开展。
词组8:a matter of time时间问题
The police said that it was just a matter of time before the murderer was put into prison.
警方表示，将杀人凶手缉拿归案只是个时间问题。
词组9:a multitude of许多，大量，众多
Humans have adapted to a multitude of diets.The Western diet,however,is not one of them and we have higher rates of cancer and obesity than people on traditional diets.
人类已经适应了多种饮食。然而，西餐并不包括在内，西餐比传统饮食更容易使人患癌症和肥胖症。
a multitude of后面应当接可数名词的复数形式。
词组10:a piece of cake小菜一碟;小事一桩
A:Don't forget to bring your ballet shoes for tomorrow's audition.
A:明天试演不要忘了带上芭蕾舞鞋。
B:Ah!My teacher said it wasn't a dancing part.
B:啊!我的老师说这个角色不需要跳舞的啊。
A:Susan,all the roles got to dance a little.But believe me with your dance background it'll be a piece of cake.
A:苏珊，所有的角色都会有一些舞蹈。但相信我，以你的舞蹈基础，这只是小菜一碟。
近义词组：a snap
一些和cake或其他食物有关的但语:
a cake walk轻而易举的事
have one's cake and eat it too既要鱼，又要熊掌
like hot cakes很受欢迎
the icing on the cake饰上添花
have bigger fish to fry有更重要的事要做
sugar-daddy出手阔绰以博取年轻女子欢心的中年男人
limp as a noodle无精打采
词组11:art exhibition艺术展
The program has sensational theatre,dance and also a large number of art exhibitions,but the thing the festival is most famous for is its great street music.
该艺术节的节目包括情感剧、舞蹈，还有很多艺术展，但最为知名的当属它出色的街头音乐。
在英国，著名旅游景点之一就是国家画廊(National Gallery)，在那会举办各种艺术展。
词组12:art gallery画廊，美术馆
A large number of people were appreciating the paintings in the art gallery as it was raining outside.
外面正下着雨，很多人一直在美术馆欣赏绘画。
近义词组：picture gallery
气与“美术”相关的词汇:
portrait肖像，画像
aesthetic审美的，美学的
statue雕像
portray描绘
profile外形，轮廓
词组13:as a result结果，因此
I didn't prepare for the examine;as a result,I failed the exam.
我没有复习，所以考试没及格。
词组14:as a result of由于
As a result of the general success of the program in Sydney,shark-meshing was introduced to the state of Queensland around1970.
由于该项目在悉尼大获成功，网拦鳖鱼在1970年前后被引进昆士兰州。
近义词组：because of
词组15:at the outset开端，开始
Your tutors will tell you at the outset how to set out the chapters they require but you will need to ask them how they would like you to organise the bibliography because it varies depending on your subject area.
你们的导师会在开始时告诉你们如何安排他们要求的章节，但是你们需要询问他们希望你们如何组织参考书目，因为这会因学科领域的不同而不同。
近义词组：at the beginning
词组16:average salary平均工资
A:Do you know the average salary in the USA?
A:你知道美国的平均工资吗?
B:I don't know.
B:不知道。
词组17:at this stage眼下，暂时
I wouldn't bother with the article by Morris at this stage if I were you.
如果我是你，眼下我就不会因莫里斯的那篇文章而烦恼。
词组18:bail out帮助…摆脱困境
Government should bail out more poor people in the economy crisis.
政府应该帮助更多陷入经济危机的穷人摆脱困境。
近义词组：help out
词组19:attach...to加上，使…依附于，附属于
A:When you get your sticker,you must attach it to the front windscreen of your car.I‘m afraid it's not valid if you don't have it stuck on the window.
A:你拿到停车证之后，必须把它贴在前面的挡风玻璃上。否则恐怕无效。
B:好的，我明白了。
B:Right,I see.
词组20:ask for trouble自找麻烦，自讨苦吃
Don't ask for trouble.
别自找麻烦。
近义词组：borrow trouble
词组21:bank statement银行结单，银行对账单
A:Shall I bring a bank statement,would that do?
A:我带一份银行对账单就可以了吗?
B:That'll be fine.
B:那就行了。
The man told me that my checkbook stubs didn't tally with my bank statement.
那个男子告诉我，我的支票存根与我的银行对账单不一致。
词组22:bank transfer银行转账
You must understand that all payment can be in cash,cheque or bank transfer.
你必须了解所有款项都可以通过现金、支票或银行转账的方式来支付。
transfer还有“换乘”之意，如:transfer station换乘站。
词组23:bar graph条形图
The bar graph shows reasons why people change where they live.
这个条形图反映了人们变换住所的原因。
table和graph这两个词都有“图表”的意思，注意区别。table主要指“表格图”，graph主要指“曲线图”。
词组24:bare skin裸露的皮肤
The thing you should know is that certain plants can cause irritation if you touch them with bare skin.
你应该知道皮肤直接接触某些植物会导致过敏。
词组25:be absent from缺席
There is no excuse for you to be absent from school at your graduation ceremony.
你没有借口缺席毕业典礼。
词组26:be accompanied by由…陪伴
Children should be accompanied by their parents to watch the show.
孩子们应该在家长的陪同下观看演出。
近义词组：consort with
词组27:be addicted to沉溺于，对…上瘾
Tracy was addicted to the computer games;as a result,she failed in the final examination.
特蕾西沉溺于电脑游戏，因此未能通过期末考试。
词组28:be against反对
We really do not instruct workers on how to be against companies.
我们真的不是教工人们如何去和公司对着干。
词组29:be alienated from被疏离
The manager is alienated from the rest of the company with various rumours surrounding him.
由于身边谣言不断，这名经理被公司的其他人疏远了。
词组30:be allergic to对…过敏;对…极其反感
I am allergic to some food.
我对某些食物过敏。
The young lady seems to be allergic to hard work.
那位年轻的女士似乎对辛苦工作极其反感。近义词组：be sensitive to
历年托福阅读真题高频词汇收集整理(5)
历年托福阅读真题高频词汇收集整理(5) Key 关键的important Converted修改 changed Antecedent 先行的的，先辈predecessor Appealing吸引人的 attractive Local 场所place Boosted推进 raised Scope 范围extent Prolific多产的，丰富的 productive Eager 热心的，渴望的enthusiastic Engaged使用，雇佣 hire Subsequent后来的 later Sums 总数amounts Identical同样的 exactly alike Graphic生动的，鲜明的 vivid Undoubtedly 毫无疑问的certainly Components 组成部分parts Besides 除此之外in addition to Flourished繁荣，昌盛 thrived
Grumbled 抱怨，牢骚complained Serve服务，适合 function Sole 的only Detecting 发现finding Sedentary久坐的，不活动的 inactive Subjected 受影响的exposed Essence 本质，精华basic nature Diverse 不同的different Noted 注意到 observed Emphasize 强调stress Accessible易接近的，可靠近的available Account for 解释，说明explain Smooth operation 顺利进行 effective functioning Cluster 成群 group Alert 警惕 ware Scurrying 急跑，匆忙走rushing Formidable 艰难地，令人敬畏的difficult Intent 目的，意向 purpose Regardless of 不管，不顾no matter what Marked 显著地noticeable Confine 限制 restrict
四年级英语上册 Unit 3教案 上海新世纪版
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【参考借鉴】历年托福词汇题汇总440题(有答案).doc
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记忆托福听力词汇技巧介绍
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虽然听力考试对写单词并没有要求，但考生也不能所以忽视拼写。一方面写作需要拼写，另一方面听力考试需要做笔记，如果考生对单 词都不熟悉，就无法快速写下有效信息，把时间浪费在思考单词上， 或者写完后才发现自己很多都只写了单词的部分，想不起来究竟写了 什么，这样的笔记就白做了。 另外，考生在记单词拼写的时候还是需要结合读音，根据音节记 单词，把单词拆分成一小部分一小部分。这样不但能使记忆深刻，牢固，还能够让考生了解字母不同组合的发音习惯。当考试时遇到生词 就能够根据大致读音记下来，有了单词的基本形状，等题目出现的时 候就能找到对应的信息了。 托福听力词汇技巧：从实践中积累 单纯背词汇书并不能完全解决单词问题，因为单词放在不同的语 境中含义会变化，读音也有强有若，有合有分。考生在做题，或者是 听歌看电视电影时，都能够听听有没有遇到以前学过背过的单词，仔 细辨认一下，提升自己的实战经验。另外有的单词不需要背，特别是 相对比较复杂的专业词汇。一般这些词出现时都会有定义或者同义词 近义词并列出现的形式来告诉大家含义，甚至有时也不影响整体的理解。考生在做题时能够注重一下是否有这种情况产生，积累解决生词 含义的经验。 托福听力词汇技巧：重视习语 新托福听力考试中经常出现一些美国常见的习语、俚语来影响大 家的理解，所以考生平时除了背基本的高频、学科词汇外还需增加习 语的积累。这些词往往会影响考生的理解。 扩展阅读：托福听力复习的法则 1、坚持以听力真题为根本 没有完全了解和熟悉托福听力真题前，不要去听friends，voa， 空中美语，等，特别是不要听疯狂英语。也许我的水平不够，依照我
历年托福词汇题汇总440题(有答案)
TOEFL词汇题精选440题 001. Most of these leaders were involved in public life as reformers, activists working for The word "representative" is closest in meaning to which of following? (A) typical (B) satisfied (C) supportive (D) distinctive 002. In the United States, Louis Comfort Tiffany (1843-1933) was the most noted exponent of this style, producing a great variety today. The word "prized" is closest in meaning to which of following? (A) valued (B) universal (C) uncommon (D) preserved 003. The Art Nouveau style was a major force in the decorative arts from 1895 until 1915, although its influence continued throughout the mid-1920's. It was eventually to be overtaken by a new school of thought known as Functionalism that had been present since the turn of the century. The word "overtaken" is closest in meaning to which of following? (A) surpassed (B) inclined (C) expressed (D) applied 004. During most of their lives, surge glaciers behave like normal glaciers, traveling perhaps only a couple of inches per day. However, at intervals of 10 to 100 years, these glaciers move forward up to 100 times faster than usual. The word "intervals" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) records (B) speeds (C) distances (D) periods 005. The increasing water pressure under the glaciers also might be influenced by the climate, volcanic heat, or earthquakes. The word "freeing" is closest in meaning to which of following? (A) pushing (B) releasing (C) strengthening (D) draining 006. A flood of ice would then surge into the turn would release more ice and set in motion a vicious cycle. The word "plunge" is closest in meaning to which of following? (A) drop (B) extend (C) melt (D) drift 007. Group members look to instrumental leaders to "get things done." Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership that emphasizes the collective well-being of a social group's members. The word "collective" is closest in meaning to which of following? (A) necessary (B) typical (C) group (D) particular 008. They offer sympathy when someone experiences difficulties or is subjected to discipline, are quick to lighten a serious
新世纪版英语高三年级第二学期-Unit 4 Space Exploration-教案设计
Unit 4 Space Exploration 【教学目标】 1．分清定语从句各个关系代词和关系副词的用法，熟练运动定语从句进行描述和会话。 2．学会依照空间顺序进行写作，描述一个地方。 3．能运用一些词语和句型描绘航天知识和自己的感受。 【教学重难点】 1．关键词： ?语言知识类 fiercely, sufficient, anxiety, mark, pour…into…,enormous, be determined to do…, leave…behind, it wasn’t long b efore…, put pressure on…, set out, get over, land on, boost, signal, emergence, mission, in spite of, s portion of…,compare…with…,infinity, concentrate on…, rewarding, benefit from… ?专业术语类 long-range, carrier rocket, atomic weapons, satellite, capsule, orbit, superpower, space shuttle, space station, manned, blast off, solar system, communications satellite, medical engineering, … 2．功能： （1）Advertising for space travel （描述“天文”） Where reality exceeds your dreams… This will be an once-in-a-lifetime opportunity. Before the flight, the attendees will take a 6-day training programmer, during which they learn all about the vehicle and space flight. The flight to an altitude of 100 kilometers will be breathtaking, the experience of a lifetime! The entire ride will last between 30 to 90 minutes, depending on the vehicle chosen. Passenger safety is the prime requirement for our company. All possible measures are taken to provide the lowest-risk ride possible. （2）Describing things using relative clauses （“定语从句”描述事物） The rocket that made flight into space possible were indeed a spectacular achievement. 3．语法点：
历年托福词汇题汇总440题(有答案)
历年托福词汇题汇总440题(有答案)
TOEFL词汇题精选440题 001. Most of these leaders were involved in public life as reformers, activists working for women's right to vote, or authors, and were not representative at all of the great of ordinary women. The word "representative" is closest in meaning to which of following? (A) typical (B) satisfied (C) supportive (D) distinctive 002. In the United States, Louis Comfort Tiffany (1843-1933) was the most noted exponent of this style, producing a great variety of glass forms and surfaces, which were widely copied in their time and are highly prized today. The word "prized" is closest in meaning to which of following? (A) valued (B) universal (C) uncommon (D) preserved 003. The Art Nouveau style was a major force in the decorative arts from 1895 until 1915, although its influence continued throughout the mid-1920's. It was eventually to be overtaken by a new school of thought known as Functionalism that had been present since the turn of the century. The word "overtaken" is closest in meaning to which of following? (A) surpassed (B) inclined (C) expressed (D) applied 004. During most of their lives, surge glaciers behave like normal glaciers, traveling perhaps only a couple of inches per day. However, at intervals of 10 to 100 years, these glaciers move forward up to 100 times faster than usual. The word "intervals" is closest in meaning to which of following? (A) records (B) speeds (C) distances (D) periods 005. The increasing water pressure under the glacier might lift it off its bed, overcoming the friction between ice and rock, thus freeing the glacier, which rapidly sliders downhill surge glaciers also might be influenced by the climate, volcanic heat, or earthquakes. The word "freeing" is closest in meaning to which of following? (A) pushing (B) releasing (C) strengthening (D) draining 006. A flood of ice would then surge into the Southern Sea. With the continued rise in sea level, more ice would plunge into the ocean, causing sea levels to rise even higher, which in turn would release more ice and set in motion a vicious cycle. The word "plunge" is closest in meaning to which of following? (A) drop (B) extend (C) melt (D) drift 007. Group members look to instrumental leaders to "get things done." Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership that emphasizes the collective well-being of a social group's members. The word "collective" is closest in 2
2019版上海新世纪版初中英语九年级上册词汇表(单词卡版)
然后从这副图片可以想到什么中文词汇？哪些英文词汇？ 你是否先说中文词汇？再说通过中文词汇说出英文词汇？ 再看看英语课本上的英语单词解释，都是英文单词，后面直接用中文解释。以下是非常典型的单词解释： 学生通过中文来理解这个单词的单词，知道这个词是动词，知道单词的音标，可以按照音频将这个单词读出来。 一般的，学生是通过中文意思来理解这个单词的意思的，理解流程如下：
也就是学生是通过中文来理解的。但是实际的情况是：作为两种不同的语文，用中文解释英文肯定会出现一定的偏差。所以最好用英英词典来查看该英文单词的解释。但中文是我们的母语，我们非常熟悉，可以借助中文解释辅助理解英文单词的解释。 如果能够直接用一副与单词相关的图版来辅助理解和记忆该单词，效果会好，学生也会更乐于接受。毕竟图片相对于文字来讲，更加接近自然，更能够直接，友好。 单词一定要放在句子中才能够理解，所以在理解英文单词时，一定要有一个例句。这样的图片卡对于理解一个英文单词应该非常好：
特别说明：记单词一定不要只看中文解释，一定要用原版的英文理解进行校正。怎么 使单词的意思理解的特别深，一定用原原本本的看一下英英词典如果解释的。 大家都学习过音标，可以读出这个单词的发音。但英文毕竟不是我们的母语，而且仅仅通过音标，发音并不一定准确。况且，一般单词都有英式发音和美式发音，所以在学习单词时，一定听原版的英式和美式发音对自己通过音标发音进行校正。 在单词卡学习时，最好有原版的英式和美式的发音，这样对听力和口语有非常大的帮助，从源头上，发音不会错。如果将一本书英语课本的单词全部做成单词卡，并且有英式和美式发音，应该对单词的学习非常有帮助。如果将英语课本所有的单词都做成单词卡，应该会对单词的学习和掌握有非常大的帮助。正如你可以用百度搜索引擎搜索关键词，用牛津英英词典，剑桥英英字典，搜索该单词的纯英文解释一样，你可以搜索塔桥单词卡获得这一册所有的单词卡，以帮助学生学习。 特别注意：你可以将单词卡用彩色打印机打印出来进行学习，本文没有作单词卡的最优化排版，广大使用者一定要注意这一点。
托福听力常见单词大全
托福听力常见单词大全 托福听力中的词汇常常是考生最为头痛的，托福词汇量太大怎么记?学识网为大家带来托福听力常见单词大全，本汇总将按照话题对词汇进行分类，便于考生记忆。托福听力常见单词:关于地质学 Geology 地质学 Slide n. 滑坡 Landslide n.山体滑坡 Mud 泥土, soil 土壤 Earth n. 土 Sink v.下沉 Ground water 地下水 Irrigation n. 灌溉 Freeze, froze, frozen v.冷冻 Melt v.融化 molten Gravity n.重心 Aggravate v.加重 Lean v.倾斜 Slope n.斜坡 Steep adj.陡峭 Erode v., erosion n.腐蚀 Fossil n.化石 Dinosaur n.恐龙 Sediment, deposit 沉淀物 Marble 大理石 granite 花岗岩 Ore 矿石 Stalactite 钟乳石 Refine v. 提炼 Platinum v. 铂金 Seismology 地震学 Vibration, tremor, 震动 Wave 波动 Volcano, volcanic 火山，火山的 Volcanic eruption 火山喷发 Magnitude 级数 Collision n.碰撞 Active adj.积极的 Dormant adj.休眠的 Extinct adj. 熄灭的
Magma n.岩浆 Lava n.岩浆 Erupt v.喷发 explode v.爆炸 (explosion) boom n.爆炸 Blast n.爆炸 Avalanche n.雪崩 托福听力常见单词:关于地球科学 地球科学 Earth’s interior 地球的内部 Seismic waves地震波 Compression 压缩 Shear (a deformation of an object in which parallel planes remain parallel but are shifted in a direction parallel to themselves) Slow down 减慢速度 Reflect 反射 Depth深度 Density 密度 Boundary边界 Mantle 地幔 Crust 地壳 Core地心 Continental plate 大陆板块 Tectonic plate (地球表面的)构造板块 Continental drift 大陆漂移 Layer, strata 层 Stratify 分层 Crack 裂缝 Molten lava 融化的岩浆 Climatic shift= Climatic changes气候变化 Consistent pattern 统一的，始终一致的 Solar energy太阳能 Radiate 发射，放射 Crude approximation 大概的猜测 Speculation猜测 Cooling down 冷却 Mechanism 机制 Length of the day Physical force 体力
[精文优选]历年托福词汇题汇总440题(有答案).doc
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英语：Unit1 《Words and their stories》教案(上海新世纪版S2B)
Unit1 Words and Their Stories 一、单元分析( Unit Analysis ) （一）单元地位( Unit Position ) 1．本课谈及了词汇故事和谚语。教师可围绕这一内容，设计活动让学生参与资源共享，扩充对这方面知识的了解。这对丰富学生的语言知识，提高英语学习的兴趣都很有帮助。 2．围绕“词语故事”这一主题，让学生通过互相交流共享，训练复述故事的能力。在此过程中，特别注重一下“Giving Examples” 和“Making Yourself Understood” 这两个语言功能的学习。 3．本课出现的语法—不定式的完成式，学生之前应当已接触过。通过这一单元，教师应在复习原有不定式的基础上如不定式的进行式等，再重点描述并操练不定式的完成式。如The expression is said to have come from the name of a hard-working animal --- the beaver. / This phrase seemed to have arrived with the modern paper bag. 对于这一语法现象，教师有必要在课堂教学中加以一定的句型操练，加深学生对不定式的完成式的认识。 （二）单元目标( Unit Target ) 1．了解一些词汇故事和谚语，并能背出一些常用谚语和习语。 2．训练复述故事的能力。 3．学会“Giving Examples” 和“Making Yourself Understood”两类语言功能。 4．复习巩固以前所学过的动词不定式的各项内容，熟练掌握动词不定式的完成式的应用。 （三）单元重点( Unit Points ) 1．关键词： ◆语言知识类 complain, seem, wrap, explore, import, plain, have an important part in, exchange for, put value on, be sure of, be supposed to do / be ◆交际功能类 常用谚语与俗语 Better late than never.
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托福英语考试的写作词汇积累 导读：我根据大家的需要整理了一份关于《托福英语考试的写作词汇积累》的内容，具体内容：托福考试最重要的就是词汇问题，托福考试想得高分最低的词汇量是8000。我今天就给大家分享一些托福短语，喜欢的要学习一下金钱类precious/valuable 珍贵... 托福考试最重要的就是词汇问题，托福考试想得高分最低的词汇量是8000。我今天就给大家分享一些托福短语，喜欢的要学习一下 金钱类 precious/valuable 珍贵的 worthless 毫无价值的 thrifty/frugal 节俭的 economical 经济实惠的 make ends meet 收支平衡 stylish 时髦的，现代风格的 upscale 高端的 costly 昂贵的 exquisite 精致的 exorbitant price 极度高昂的价格 wealthy/affluent 富有的 impoverished/needy 贫穷的 temptation 引诱;诱惑物
outfit 全套装备 property 财富 jealousy 嫉妒 tempting 有吸引力的 generosity 慷慨，大方 charity 慈善 philanthropy 慈善 despise 轻视，蔑视 植物 botany 植物学 botanist 植物学家 botanical(botanic) 植物的 plant 植物 aquatic plant 水生植物 parasite plant 寄生植物 root 根 canopy 树冠层/顶棚 foliage(leaf) 叶 leaflet 小叶 rosette (叶的)丛生 stem 茎 stalk 杆
历年toefl词汇题汇总
历年词汇真题Inaccessible 难以接近的：unreachable Extracting 提取，提炼：removing Strength 基础：basis Surging 激增，迅速上升：accelerating Trend 倾向，趋势：tendency Peak 最高点，最高峰：maximum Prior to 在前，局先：preceding Advocates 提倡者，赞成者：proponents Unsubstantiated 无确实根据的，未经证实的：unverified Maintain 维持：preserve Considerable 极其，相当，大量：substantial Enactment 制定，执行：performance Staggering 令人惊愕的：overwhelming Devastated 毁坏：ruined Demonstrate 证明，示威：showed Extend 延伸，扩展：stretch Vast 巨大的，辽阔的：large Sparked 发动，鼓舞：brought about Potential 潜在的，可能的：possible Outstanding 突出的，显著的：excellent Account for 解释，说明：explain
Picking up 沿着：following A supremacy至高，霸权：a dominance Supplanted代替：replaced Myriad无数:many Supreme最高的：most outstanding Settle解决，决定：decide Ascending 上升，攀登：climbing Solemn 严肃的：serious Composed创作，作曲：created Scores 乐谱：music composition Comprises 包含，由，构成：consists of Intense 剧烈的：extreme Margins 空白：edges Support 支撑：hold Appreciation 感激，评价，欣赏：recognition Bias 偏见：prejudice Prevailing 流行的：most frequent Accumulated 积聚，堆积：collected Related 有关系得：connected Supported 支撑：upheld Forward-looking 向前看的：progressive 进步的Rudimentary 不发达的，未发展的：undeveloped