2015年考研英语阅读理解必考短语(二)
2015考研英语阅读理解精读P20—医学
2015考研英语阅读理解精读P20—医学2015考研英语阅读理解精读P20—医学Passage 20I am a neuroscientist.I make a living by studying how the brain works.Although neuroscience has taken huge strides forward in the past decade，it is a long way from being able to address the problems dealt with by psychotherapy.3) Neuroscience cannot yet explain how we feel，and it is a long way from being able to prescribe what a miserable person must do to feel better.So，as a neuroscientist，I feel I should have a conclusion about the alternative approach.The first question I must answer is：“What do psychotherapies have to offer?”First，let us deal with the scientific angle.The best way to start is by assessing a claim that has cropped up several times over the year.It was first made of psychoanalysis，but it has been extended to other psychotherapies.It is the claim that psychoanalysis is the successor to religion，that it gives a scientific，rather than a superstitious，answer to the question of how best to lead a happy，fulfilled life.1 would say this claim is at best half right.Psychoanalysis may indeed answer the question of how best to lead a happy life，but it has a lot more in common with religion than it has with science.In fact，psychoanalysis is not the successor to religion，it is just another religion.This assessment is based on the way religions and sciences deal with fundamental truths.In religions，truths are laid down by God and revealed to the prophets who，in their turn，pass them on to the faithful.They are sacred mysteries that cannot bequestioned.In science，on the other hand，truths are nothing if not questionable.The laws of science are deduced from the results of experiments and can be used to predict new experimental results.If new results go against the prediction，they show the law to be false.A new experimental result，or a new theory for deriving predictions from the results，can change the accepted truths.If a scientific statement cannot，in principle，be proved wrong then it tells us nothing.Psychoanalysis suffers from just this problem.4)It is a maxim that our psychological problems are rooted in past conflicts，and that the repressed memories of these conflicts emerge from the unconscious in coded forms that can be interpreted by the analyst.But the codes are so obscure and so flexible that they defy rational explanation.There is no way the maxims could be disproved.They may not be sacred，but they are definitely mysteries.Many other therapies are based on untestable theories.Of course，that doesn’t necessarily prevent them from working.There is no doubt thousands of people feel that psychoanalysis has helped them to lead fuller and happier lives.But the number of satisfied customers is no guide to scientific validity;if it were，religion would come out way ahead.1. The author considers his role as a neuroscientist____.[A]irrelevant to that of a psychoanalyst[B]different from that of a psychoanalyst[C]of the same importance as that of a psychotherapeutist[D]purely imaginary and impractical2. According to the author，psychoanalysis is another religion in that____.[A]it does nothing towards revealing fundamental truth[B]its conclusions are seldom capable of being tested[C]it has too many prophets and blind believers[D]it takes over many doctrines from religious beliefs3. By saying that“Psychoanalysis suffers from just this problem”(Para.5)the author means that____.[A]psychoanalysis deals with problems or conflicts inside the unconscious[B]the assertions in psychoanalysis cannot be disproved[C]psychoanalysis attaches no importance to doing experiments[D]psychoanalysts can not explain psychological problems to patients4. Which of the following is a science according to the author?[A]Neuroscience.[B]Psychoanalysis.[C]Psychotherapy.[D]None of the above.5. The main purpose of the passage is____.[A]to refute the practical value of psychoanalysis[B]to propose neuroscience as an alternative to psychoanalysis[C]to compare the theories of psychoanalysis with religious doctrines[D]to explain why psychoanalysis is not a science答案：1. [B] 在第一段作者指出，自己是一个神经科学家，随后说明了这门科学目前存在的局限性。
详解2015英语二真题阅读Text4
详解2015英语二真题阅读Text42015考研英语已经落下帷幕，今年英二考题的传统阅读部分在选项设计方面难度增加。
下面笔者就阅读第四篇进行深度解析。
第二篇阅读选自2014年7月7日在theHuffington Post发表的名为“The Good News About Obamacare in the June Jobs Report”的文章，就题材来说属于社会生活类，主要内容是描述了奥巴马的医保政策促进了美国的就业及其原因。
文章后五道考题中四道细节题，一道主旨题，其难度与往年第四篇相比趋于稳定。
首先36题是一道细节题。
该题考察了考生对文章第二段前两句的细节理解。
该题主要可采用我们钻石卡VIP课程中经常讲到的细节定位法。
根据题干关键词“job pictures, neglected”可以回文定位到第二段第一句话“the jobs picture ...was largely overlooked”，其中neglected是overlooked的同义替换。
并且此句有明显的命题点“however”。
第二句具体指出被忽略的部分是“there was a big jump in the number of people who report voluntarily working part-time.”，即有大量的人自愿从事兼职工作。
故正确答案为B。
其中increase是原文jump的同义替换，voluntary part-time jobs是voluntarily working part-time的同义转述。
阅读中的这种同义替换也是我们课程中屡次强调的考点。
A选项（蒸蒸日上的用工市场的前景）和D选项（加速创造就业机会）均是对第一段就业形势好的一种描述，并没有说这种现象被忽视。
故排除。
而C选项（全民就业的可能性），文中第一段只是客观描述了我们依然有很长的路才能达到全民就业，而并不是说这种问题被忽略，故C选项排除。
(完整word版)考研英语完型填空和阅读理解红花绿叶词高频固定搭配短语
一、考研英语完形填空（一）红花绿叶词红花词however/but/yet/although/though; while/whereas; in spite of;no matter how; whether...or...even if/even though/even whenon the contrary; rather than;on the other hand;unlike（转折和让步---对比关系）becasue/as; so/therefore/thereby/thus/consequently; lead to/result from; because of/due to/owing to/on account of（因果）in fact/in effect/furthermore/moreover/in addition/besides; still/ also; indeed/furthermore（递进）so that/so...that...（目的和结果）and/or/as well as（并列）which/than/that（关系词）绿叶词if/providing/supposing; until/unless; as if/if only/lest; in casesince/now thatwhat/who/whomlikewise; forever; other than; but for补充：作为正确答案的高选频词汇Convert, reverse, respond, ignore, consume, identify, expect, maintain, increase, decrease…（动词）Substantially, significantly; incidentally, approximately; irregularly; exceedingly…; far/even/much 加强比较级（副词）Extensive; excessive; significant; reverse, particular; vulnerable/susceptible; available; identifiable…（形容词）Without; against; on; beyond; for（介词）二、考研英语阅读理解（一）观点态度词作者态度题：理解全文主旨大意，体会作者的语气，特别注意形容词的修饰。
历年考研英语真题词汇(英语二)
历年考研英语真题词汇（英二）历年考研英语真题词汇文档由【大师兄英语】根据2003年—2015年考研英语二真题词汇整理而来，历年真题总体词汇量约1800词。
2015年考研英语二真题词汇为Word List One；2014年考研英语二为Word List Two；依次类推。
历年考研英语真题词汇分英一版和英二版，英二版难度稍小。
本文档是考研英语词汇6000文档的第一部分，该文档包含历年考研英语真题词汇、考研英语大纲词汇和考研英语超纲词汇。
考研英语词汇6000文档已经上传百度文库。
在编排上，大师兄英语在绝大部分历年考研英语真题词汇后面用括号标注了该词的同义词、近义词、相关词、短语搭配等，方便读者对单词进行联想记忆，这种背单词同义词、近义词的方法有助于快速提升读者的词汇量，但并不一定能帮助读者提升英语运用能力。
历年考研英语真题词汇不带例句，对于基础较差的读者，建议使用带例句的版本。
关于背考研英语单词，大师兄倡导用背例句和背文章的方式背单词，通过背例句和文章可以掌握单词的用法达到学以致用的目的，同时提升个人的口语和翻译能力。
另外，背单词要有科学的方法：首先，要遵循人类记忆的科学规律——艾宾浩斯记忆曲线，适时地复习已学过的东西可以事半功倍；其次，背单词要“眼、口、手”同步——眼睛看着单词，嘴里小声默念和拼写该单词，手拿着笔在纸上抄写或者比划，并且思维越集中，念得越快，抄写得越快，效果也就越好，大师兄对这种“沉浸式”的背单词方式很是推崇。
最后，要有一颗持之以恒的决心——只要有决心，你就是学霸！学好英语，乃至做好任何一件事都需要你付出巨大努力，而努力的人运气都不会太差。
大师兄英语还编写和上传了2015年考研英语一和二真题和解析，欢迎在百度文库搜索和下载。
花有重开日，人无再少年人生没有彩排，每天都是现场直播最痛苦的不是失败的泪水，而是不曾尽力的懊悔。
别让明天的你，讨厌今天的自己青春易逝惜时奋斗【大师兄英语】考研英语词汇6000（乱序）1Word List One2015年英二prospect/'prɒspekt/n.①可能性(that;of doing/sth)②前景，前途(for/of sth)unbearable/ʌn'beərəbl/adj.无法忍受的(intolerable)fiddle/ˈfɪdl/v.①不停摆弄fiddle with sth②修改；调试plug/plʌɡ/n.①插头②塞子a bath plug浴缸塞vt.①塞住②plug(sth)into sth连接上电源universal/ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːsl/adj.普遍的，全世界的universality/ˌjuːnɪvɜːˈsæləti/n.普遍性universally adv.普遍地armor/ˈɑːmə/n.①盔甲②（坦克等）装甲innocent/ˈɪnəsnt/adj.①清白的(of sth)②无辜受害③天真无邪的④无害的2n.无辜之人creepy/'kriːpi/adj.令人毛骨悚然的，吓人的disrupt/dɪsˈrʌpt/vt.扰乱，妨碍(interrupt/disturb/interfere with)disruptive adj.扰乱的，妨碍的inherent/ɪn'hɪərənt/adj.内在的，固有的(in sb/sth)(intrinsic/implicit in/innate)inherently adv.内在地，固有地acquaintance/ə'kweɪntəns/n.①熟人②相识，结实acquaint vt.使熟悉(sb with sth)acquainted/ə'kweɪntɪd/adj.熟悉的，相识(with sb/sth)turn against sb与…反目turn(sb/sth)around①（使）转身，转向②（使经济等）好转turn sb away(from sth)把…拒之门外turn(sb/sth)back（使）原路返回turn sb/sth down①拒绝（人、建议等）②把…调低turn sth in①上交，交还②产生，取得（利润、结果等）turn(sth)into（使）变成turn sth off/on关掉/打开（煤气、水电等）turn on sb突然攻击或斥责某人turn out①证明是，结果是(that/to do)②以…方式发展turn over①（使）翻转，翻身②移交，移送（他人管理）turn to sb/sth①向…求助，转向②改用③把书翻到…页turn up①被找到②出现，露面perceive/pəˈsiːv/vt.①意识到，觉察到(notice/recognize/note/discern)②认为，视为(deem/consider)rip/rɪp/v.①撕，撕裂②猛地扯掉③rip sb/sth apart撕裂，摧毁band-aid/'bændeid/n.①邦迪创可贴②权宜之计tuck/tʌk/vt.（把衣服边缘等）卷起，塞进.n.褶，褶边commute/kəˈmjuːt/vi.经常往返，通勤n.（上下班）往返路程commuter n.上下班的人unthinkable/ʌn'θɪŋkəbl/adj.①难以想象的，难以置信的(inconceivable)②the unthinkable难以置信的事fellow/'feləʊ/n.①同事；同类②（专业协会的）会员adj.同类的fellow citizens同胞fellowship/'feləʊʃɪp/n.①友谊，交情②团体，协会③会员资格summary/'sʌməri/n.总结，概括in summary/short/conclusion简而言之adj.概括的summarize v.总结snub/snʌb/vt.怠慢，冷落n.怠慢，冷落(to sb)thrive/θraɪv/vi.①兴旺繁荣，蓬勃发展(boom/flourish/prosper)②thrive on/off sth以…兴旺；喜欢，以…为乐code/kəʊd/n.①密码，代码②道德或行为准则③法规，法典vt.为…编码misinterpret/ˌmɪsɪn'tɜːprɪt/vt.误解，错误解读misinterpretation n.误解，错误解读misapply/ˌmɪsə'plaɪ/vt.误用，滥用(abuse)bend/bend/v.①弯腰；低下（头）②（使）拐弯，弯曲③弄弯n.拐弯，弯道fire/faɪə/n.①火；火灾②开火，火力③be/come under fire遭猛批v.①射击，开火(at/on sb/sth)②fire up激起③解雇(sack/dismiss/lay off/remove)unconditional/ˌʌnkənˈdɪʃənl/adj.无条件的unconditional surrenderconditional/kənˈdɪʃənl/adj.以…为条件的(on sth)conditional approval附条件批准1考研英语词汇6000（乱序）按照2015—2005年英语二真题词汇顺序编排，2015年真题为Word List One2单词义项标黄的，表示该词义为真题中的意思，或者该词义较为偏僻；单词标黄的，表示超纲或偏僻词，不必记住decay/dɪˈkeɪ/n.①腐烂②衰败moral decay vi.腐烂；衰败do away with sth/sth消灭，废除，去掉；谋杀go through with sth完成，进行到底put(it)simply/another way简单地说/换个说法put sth aside①置之不理②攒钱put sth away①收拾起来②攒钱，积蓄put sth back①放回去②推迟，延缓put sth down①放下；搁下②写下③镇压put sth/sb forward①提出；举荐（某人）②将…提前put sth off推迟put sth out①熄灭，扑灭②摆好，准备好put sth on①穿戴；涂抹②上演③增加体重④假装put sth through完成，使成功put sb through sth使经受（磨练、痛苦等）put up sth①建造，树立(erect/build)②张贴③提供（钱）④提高，增加put sb up for/as sth推荐，提名refuge/'refjuːdʒ/n.①避难，庇护take refuge寻求避难②避难所，收容所refugee n.难民contradict/ˌkɒntrəˈdɪkt/vt.①反驳，驳斥②与…相矛盾contradictory adj.（陈述、观点等）相互矛盾的contradiction/ˌkɒntrəˈdɪkʃn/n.①反驳②相矛盾kick/kɪk/v.①踢，踢腿②戒掉，去除③kick off开赛；开始n.①踢②极大快感或乐趣kick back放松(relax)kickback n.回扣cortisol/'kɔːtɪsɒl/n.皮质醇（肾上腺在应激反应里产生的一种类激素）blur/blɜː/v.（使）变模糊n.模糊不清状blurred adj.模糊的；难以区分的lag/læɡ/g behind sb/sth滞后，落后bargain/'bɑːgən/vi.谈判，讨价还价(about/over sth)n.①降价品，便宜货②交易，协议(deal/agreement) draw on sth利用，运用draw out sth①引出，取出，拔出②草拟，拟定sustain/səˈsteɪn/vt.①维持，保持②遭受，经受③支撑；维持生存clarity/'klærəti/n.①清晰，明确②（思维、物体等）清晰division/dɪˈvɪʒn/n.①分开，分配②分裂③分歧，不和(divide/split/rift/chasm)④（机构）部门；（军队）师clinical/'klɪnɪkl/adj.①临床的②无人情味的clinic n.诊所methodical/mə'θɒdɪkl/adj.有条不紊的lay out sth①布置；设计②摆放，陈列lay off sb解雇inadequate/ɪnˈædɪkwət/adj.①不足，不够的(for/to do)(insufficient/scarce/scant/deficient)②不胜任的infinite/'ɪnfɪnət/adj.①极大的，极多的②无穷的，无限的infinitely adv.极其，无限地finite adj.有限的infinity/ɪn'fɪnəti/n.①（空间或距离）无穷，无限②无限远点motivate/'məʊtɪveɪt/vt.①使有动机②激发，激励(sb to do)motivated adj.有积极性的ideal/aɪˈdiəl/n.①理想②完美典范adj.①理想的(for sth)②理想化的idealism/aɪ'diəlɪzəm/n.理想主义idealistic adj.理想主义的idealist n.理想主义者cosy/ˈkəʊzi/adj.（英cozy，美cosy）①温暖舒适的a cosy room②亲密的clear-cut/'kliə'kʌt/adj.明显的，易辨认的drop/drɒp/v.①下降②（使）落下，掉下；扔下③低下，倒下④放弃⑤drop out(of sth)脱离，退出；退学n.①下降②滴，水滴dropout n.退学者，辍学者paradox/ˈpærədɒks/n.①矛盾的人或事物②悖论paradoxical adj.矛盾的gap/ɡæp/n.①缺口；缺漏(in sth)②差距，隔阂(chasm/rift/divide)the generation gap代沟forthcoming/ˌfɔːθˈkʌmɪŋ/adj.①即将发生的②现成的，备好的outline/ˈaʊtlaɪn/vt.①概述②勾勒，描画…轮廓n.①概述②轮廓，略图recipient/rɪˈsɪpiənt/n.接受者grant/ɡrɑːnt/vt.①准予，批准②take sth/it for granted认为…理所当然n.（政府、机构）拨款，补助款thesis/ˈθiːsɪs/n.（复数theses）①论文，学位论文(on sth)②论题，论点narrow/'nærəʊ/adj.①狭窄的②狭隘的③勉强的④有限的v.使变窄，缩小narrowly/ˈnærəʊli/adv.①勉强地，以毫厘之差②仔细地③狭窄地navigate/ˈnævɪɡeɪt/v.①（为…）导航②航行③应付难题navigation/ˌnævɪˈɡeɪʃn/n.①导航②航行acknowledge/ək'nɒlɪdʒ/vt.①承认（事实或情况）(admit)②认可（成就等）(recognize)③致意；致谢indifferent/ɪnˈdɪfrənt/adj.①漠不关心的(to sb/sth)②一般的，平庸的indifference/ɪnˈdɪfrəns/n.漠不关心(disregard/carelessness/apathy/unconcern)lingua franca/ˈlɪŋɡwəˈfræŋkə/n.（讲不同母语的人之间的）通用语spin/spɪn/v.①快速旋转②纺线③spin(sth)off脱胎于；剥离另建n.快速旋转spin-off n.衍生品parachute/ˈpærəʃuːt/n.降落伞v.①跳伞②伞降，空投explicit/ɪkˈsplɪsɪt/adj.①表达明确的②明确的，坦率的③公开显露的infuse/ɪn'fjuːz/vt.使充满，注入（某特性）infusion n.注入a capital infusionallegiance/ə'liːdʒəns/n.拥护，忠诚pledge/swear allegiance to sb宣誓效忠某人terminology/ˌtɜːmɪ'nɔlədʒi/n.（某学科）术语vision/'vɪʒn/n.①视力；视野②想象，憧憬③远见卓识visionary/ˈvɪʒənəri/adj.有远见卓识的n.有远见之人amid/əˈmɪd/prep.在…中，在…过程中(in the middle of/in the midst of/among)buzzword/bʌzwɜːd/n.时髦词，流行行话in one’s own right凭借自身能力lean/liːn/v.①倾斜②（使）靠着adj.①清瘦的②不景气③精简高效的lean on sb/sth依赖lean to/toward sth倾向于unplug/ʌn'plʌg/vt.拔掉…电源bandwidth/'bændˌwɪdθ/n.宽带boundary/'baʊndri/n.边界，分界线，界限nonsense/ˈnɒnsns/n.①瞎扯，胡言乱语②愚蠢行为③无意义的话或文字irony/ˈaɪrəni/n.①讽刺a hint of irony一丝挖苦②具有讽刺的事ironic adj.讽刺的absorb/əb'sɔːb/vt.①吸收(take in/soak up)②使并入，吸纳(incorporate)③消化，理解(assimilate)④吸引absorbed/əb'sɔːbd/adj.全神贯注的，被吸引(in sb/sth)absorption/əbˈsɔːpʃn/n.吸收；并入(of/into sth)figure/'fɪgə/n.①数字②人物③身材；人影④图表v.①是重要部分②认为③figure out sth计算；弄清楚revival/rɪˈvaɪvl/n.复兴，复苏economic revivalrevive/rɪˈvaɪv/v.（使）苏醒，复苏(come around/resuscitate/revitalize)revitalize/ˌriːˈvaɪtəlaɪz/vt.使恢复生机，使复苏(revive/resuscitate/rejuvenate)foster/ˈfɒstə/vt.①促进；培养(cultivate/nurture/promote/develop/nourish)②代养adj.代养的appeal/ə'piːl/n.①吸引力②申诉③呼吁(to sb/for sth)vi.①有吸引力(to sb)②申诉，上诉(to sb/sth)③呼吁workaholic/wɜːkə'hɒlɪk/n.工作狂trigger/ˈtrɪɡə/n.①扳机；触发器②诱因，起因(for/to sth)vt.①触发，引起(spark/prompt)②扣动，开动linguist/ˈlɪŋɡwɪst/n.①语言学家②会多门外语的人linguistic adj.语言的，语言学的mock/mɒk/vt.嘲笑；（通过模仿）嘲弄(sneer/deride/scoff/jeer/ridicule)adj.①假装的②模拟的along/əˈlɒŋ/prep.沿着adv.①向前地②一起，一道③along with sb/sth同…一起，除了…还有decency/ˈdiːsənsi/n.正派；得体a sense of decency得体，懂礼貌decent/'diːsnt/adj.①正派的②体面的，不错的a decent job③合宜的overlook/ˌəʊvəˈlʊk/vt.①俯视，鸟瞰②忽视，未注意(ignore/neglect/disregard)③视而不见，不予理会jump/dʒʌmp/v.①跳，跳下(bound/leap/spring)②猛增n.①跳②猛增(soar/surge/hike/rocket/balloon/spiral) worth/wɜːθ/adj.①值…钱②值得(doing/sth)n.①价值…的东西(of sth)②价值，意义worthwhile/ˌwɜːθˈwaɪl/adj.值得（花钱、时间等）的(doing/to do)worthless adj.无价值的worthy/ˈwɜːði/adj.①值得的，应得的(of sth)②值得尊敬的distinction/dɪˈstɪŋkʃn/n.①区别，差别make a distinction②杰出，卓越③特质make ends meet勉强维持生计classified/ˈklæsɪfaɪd/adj.（信息）机密的(confidential)classify/'klæsɪfaɪ/vt.把…分类，划分成classification n.分类；类别relate/rɪˈleɪt/v.①联系，把…联系起来(sth to sth)②讲述，叙述related adj.相关的(to sb/sth)relate to sb/sth①涉及，与…相关②了解，理解并同情accelerate/ək'seləreɪt/v.（使）加快，加速(quicken/speed up/step up)acceleration n.加速precondition/ˌpriːkən'dɪʃn/n.先决条件，前提(for/of sth)acquire/ə'kwaɪə/vt.①获得，得到②收购，购得acquisition/ˌækwɪˈzɪʃn/n.①（知识等）获得②收购；购置物grief/ɡriːf/n.（人去世而）悲痛(for sb;at/over sth)(sorrow/sadness/heartbreak/mourning)grievance/ˈɡriːvəns/n.委屈，不满，抱怨grieve/ɡriːv/vi.（人去世而）悲痛(for/over sb/sth)mourn/mɔːn/v.悼念，痛惜(for sb/sth)(grieve)mournful adj.悲伤的opportune/'ɒpətjuːn/adj.适当的，适时的，合时宜的inopportune adj.不合时宜的signal/ˈsɪɡnəl/n.①信号，迹象②信号（灯）v.①发信号，示意(to sb/to do)②预示，表明③表达出exaggerate/ɪɡˈzædʒəreɪt/v.夸大，夸张(overstate/overplay/inflate/magnify/play up)exaggeration n.夸张，夸大luxuriant/lʌg'ʒʊərɪənt/adj.①（植物或头发）浓密的，茂盛的②丰富的，华丽的weigh/weɪ/vt.①重量为②称重③权衡，考虑④weigh sth/sb down压弯；使烦恼⑤weigh in(with sth)加入mindset/'maɪndset/n.思维模式，观念a conservative mindsetcatch up with sth/sb追赶，赶上be caught up①被抓住③卷入pause/pɔːz/vi.暂停，停顿n.停顿(in sth)appreciate/əˈpriːʃieit/vt.①欣赏②感激③升值④理解，意识到(recognize/realize/perceive)appreciation/əˌpriːʃiˈeɪʃn/n.①欣赏②感激③升值④理解appreciative adj.感激的(of sth)objective/əb'dʒektɪv/n.目标(goal/aim/purpose)adj.客观的an objective assessmentobjectivity/ˌɒbdʒek'tɪvətɪ/n.客观性，客观devalue/ˌdiːˈvæljuː/vt.①使贬值②贬低(belittle)devaluation n.贬值twist/twɪst/v.①（使）扭曲②转动，扭③歪曲④扭伤⑤蜿蜒；盘绕n.①转动，拧②曲折，转折twists and turns一波三折know sth like the back of your hand对某物或某地非常熟悉underestimate/ˌʌndər'estɪmeɪt/vt.低估；轻视(undervalue/underrate/downplay)n.低估allocate/'æləkeɪt/vt.分配，拨给(to/for sb/sth)allocation n.分配；分配物deport/dɪˈpɔːt/vt.驱逐出境(expel/evict)deportation n.驱逐出境framework/ˈfreɪmwɜːk/n.①构架a steel framework②体系，框架(of/for sth)mighty/ˈmaɪti/adj.强大的might n.强大力量mightily adv.非常，很大程度上paralysis/pəˈræləsɪs/n.瘫痪；不能运转paralyze/ˈpærəlaɪz/vt.使瘫痪，使不能运转fix/fɪks/vt.①确定；安排②使固定③修理；处理④操纵⑤fix sth on sth/sb（目光等）集中在aide/eɪd/n.（政要等的）助手jurisdiction/ˌdʒʊərɪs'dɪkʃn/n.①管辖权；司法权②管辖范围accommodate/ə'kɔmədeɪt/vt.①容纳②为…提供住宿③使…适应(sb/sth to sth)accommodation n.住处；住宿multiple/ˈmʌltɪpl/adj.多种的，多个的n.倍数permanent/ˈpɜːmənənt/adj.永久的(everlasting/eternal/timeless)loose/luːs/adj.①松动的②宽松的③松散的，不严密④let sb/sth loose让…自由；放开，释放loosen/'luːsn/v.①（使）变松②放松，松开prone/prəʊn/adj.易遭受，易于(to sth/to do)(liable/subject/apt/inclined)snap/snæp/v.①（使）喀嚓断裂②啪地关上或打开③厉声说④snap sth up抢购n.喀嚓声adj.仓促的hard-wired adj.本能的，天生的(knee-jerk)sociable/ˈsəʊʃəbl/adj.好交际的，合群的neurotic/njʊə'rɒtɪk/n.①神经病的②神经质的neuroticism n.神经质stimulus/'stɪmjələs/n.（复数stimuli）刺激，刺激物(to/for sth)interpersonal/ˌɪntəˈpɜːsənl/adj.人际的，人际关系的realm/relm/n.①王国②领域(filed/sphere/domain)prime/praɪm/adj.①最佳的，上乘的②首要的，主要的n.盛年，鼎盛时期in one’s prime vt.使…做好准备estate/ɪ'steɪt/n.①庄园②遗产③real estate房地产，不动产screen/skriːn/n.①屏幕②the screen影视，荧屏③屏风；屏障vt.①遮挡，庇护②筛查；审查slice/slaɪs/n.①（食物）薄片②份额，部分vt.把…切成薄皮sliced meatmute/mjuːt/adj.缄默的vt.①消音，减弱音量②减弱，缓和（力度等）differentiate/ˌdɪfə'renʃieɪt/v.①区分，辨别②使有区别intermittent/ˌɪntəˈmɪtənt/adj.断断续续的(periodic/occasional/sporadic)intermittent rainrise above sth战胜，克服(conquer/overcome/surmount)tempt/tempt/vt.引诱，诱惑(sb to do/into doing/sth)(lure/allure/attract/entice)temptation/temp'teɪʃn/n.引诱，诱惑sensible/'sensəbl/adj.理智的，明智的senseless adj.无意义的overwhelm/ˌəʊvə'welm/vt.①击败，征服②（情感等）使不能自已(with/by sth)③使应接不暇overwhelming/ˌəʊvəˈwelmɪŋ/adj.①（数量等）压倒性的②无法抗拒的，巨大的govern/ˈɡʌvn/v.①统治，治理②支配governance n.治理compel/kəm'pel/vt.迫使，强迫compelling/kəm'pelɪŋ/adj.①令人信服的(convincing/conclusive)②引人入胜的sign/saɪn/n.①迹象②指示牌；符号③示意，手势v.①签署；签名②签约③打手势④sign up(for sth)报名参加⑤sign on（英）办理失业登记⑥sign in/out签到/退take up sth①占用（时间等）②开始学做或从事③继续④接受（建议或挑战）quota/ˈkwəʊtə/n.限额，配额；定额ceiling/ˈsiːlɪŋ/n.①天花板②最高限度，上限③glass ceiling玻璃天花板，无形障碍bind/baɪnd/vt.①绑住②（使）结合③约束binding/ˈbaɪndɪŋ/adj.有约束力的(on/upon sb)provision/prəˈvɪʒn/n.①提供②准备make provisions for sb/sth③条款reluctant/rɪ'lʌktənt/adj.不情愿reluctance n.不情愿counter/ˈkaʊntə/n.①柜台②计算器③抵消(to sth/sb)④counter-（前缀）反，对立counter-attack反击v.①反驳②抵消，抵制，反adv.对立地，相反地meritocracy/ˌmerɪ'tɒkrəsi/n.精英领导体制meritocratic adj.精英管理的evade/ɪˈveɪd/vt.①回避，避开（人、问题等）②逃避（义务等）evasion n.逃避peasant/'peznt/n.（贫穷国家的）农民，小农chronicle/ˈkrɒnɪkl/n.编年史vt.按时间顺序记载validation/vælɪ'deɪʃən/n.确认，生效field/fiːld/n.①田地，地②场，运动场③领域，界④实地a field study vt.①使参赛②处理economical/ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪkl/adj.①经济的，实惠的an economical car②节俭的foodie/'fuːdɪ/n.美食家(gourmet)impulse/ˈɪmpʌls/n.①冲动②脉冲；推动力impulsive adj.易冲动的ingredient/ɪnˈɡriːdiənt/n.①（烹饪）原料；成分②要素the vital ingredients for successadvance/əd'væns/v.①前进；发展②促进，推动③使提前④提出n.①前进；发展②in advance(of sth)事先，在…之前(ahead/beforehand)adj.事先的template/'templeɪt/n.样本，模板anonymity/ˌænə'nɪməti/n.匿名，无名anonymous/ə'nɒnɪməs/adj.①匿名的，不知姓名的②无特色的shin/ʃɪn/n.胫骨rasher/'ræʃə/n.咸猪肉薄片two rashers of bacon两片咸猪肉片surplus/ˈsɜːpləs/n.①盈余，顺差②过剩，剩余adj.多余的，过剩的go off①（炸弹）爆炸②（报警器等）突然响起③（机器）停止工作④变质，变味frugal/ˈfruːɡl/adj.①节俭的，简朴的②（饭菜）俭省的butcher/ˈbʊtʃə/n.屠夫；肉铺vt.①宰杀（动物）②屠杀knuckle/ˈnʌkl/n.①指关节②（猪等的）肘，蹄stew/stjuː/n.炖菜vi.炖，煨carcass/ˈkɑːkəs/n.动物尸体vivid/'vivid/adj.（描述等）生动的，清晰的recall/rɪ'kɔːl/v.①记起，回忆起(doing/that)②召回n.召回；记忆pop/pɒp/n.流行音乐v.①（使）发砰砰声；爆裂②突然冒出gloom/ɡluːm/n.①忧郁；无望②昏暗gloominess n.悲观，无望gloomy/ˈɡluːmi/adj.①昏暗的(dim/dismal/dull/dark)②忧郁沮丧的(depressing/grim)③前景暗淡的endure/ɪnˈdjʊə/v.①承受，忍受②持续enduring adj.持久的an enduring relationshipdazzle/ˈdæzl/vt.①（光线）使目眩②使倾倒n.耀眼眩目dazzling adj.令人倾倒的；刺眼的dedicate/'dedɪkeɪt/vt.①奉献，致力于(sb/sth to doing/sth)②（书等作品）献给dedicated/'dedɪkeɪtɪd/adj.①献身的，专注于(committed/devoted)②专用的dedication n.奉献，献身；献辞fad/fæd/n.一时的狂热，时尚(craze)a passing fad一时的风尚descendant/dɪ'sendənt/n.①后代，后裔②衍生物flourish/'flʌrɪʃ/vi.①繁荣，兴旺(boom/prosper/thrive)②（植物等）旺盛swell/swel/v.①增大，扩大(expand/surge)②肿胀，鼓起来n.①增大②隆起；肿大swollen adj.肿起来的eradicate/ɪˈrædɪkeɪt/vt.根除，消灭(wipe out/eliminate/root out/exterminate/stamp out)eradication n.根除artificial/ˌɑːtɪˈfɪʃl/adj.①人造的，人工的(synthetic/man-made)②人为的arise/ə'raɪz/vi.①出现②由…产生(arise from/result from/flow from)strike/straɪk/v.①罢工②击打；碰撞③（疾病或灾难）侵袭，爆发④攻击⑤突然想到⑥给…留下印象⑦crude/kruːd/adj.①粗略的②粗制的，简陋的③粗鲁的（尤涉及性）④原油crude oil n.原油vanish/ˈvænɪʃ/vi.①突然消失②消亡考研英语词汇6000（乱序）Word List Four2012年英二mindless/ˈmaɪndləs/adj.①无谓的；没头脑的②无需动脑的tear/teə/vt.①撕碎，撕破②猛地撕掉，掀掉③拉伤④tear sb/sth apart撕碎；使四分五裂tear sb away强行使某人离开stick it out坚持到底reign/reɪn/n.统治时期vi.①统治，当政(over sb/sth)②主宰brutal/ˈbruːtl/adj.①残暴的(cruel/ruthless/vicious)②冷酷的，直白的abbreviate/ə'briːvieɪt/vt.缩写abbreviation n.缩写correspondence/ˌkɒrə'spɒndəns/n.①信件；通信②一致，相似correspondent n.记者parallel/'pærəlel/adj.①平行的(to/with sth)②同时发生的；相似的n.①（不同时期或地点）相似的人或物be without/have no parallel无可比拟②相似之处vt.①与…同时发生②与…媲美，比得上illusion/ɪˈluːʒn/n.①幻想(of/about sth)②假象，错觉exhaust/ɪɡˈzɔːst/vt.①耗尽，用完(drain/deplete/strain)②使筋疲力尽n.（汽车等排出的）废气，尾气exhaustion/ɪɡˈzɔːstʃən/n.①筋疲力尽②枯竭，耗尽exhausting adj.令人筋疲力尽的rebel/'rebl;ri'bel/n.①反叛者，叛军②叛逆者vi.反抗(against sb/sth)rebellion/rɪ'beljən/n.①叛乱；反抗②叛逆disguise/dɪsˈɡaɪz/n.伪装；伪装物vt.伪装，掩饰(mask/cloak/conceal/shroud/hide)disturb/dɪ'stɜːb/vt.①打扰，干扰(interrupt/disrupt/intrude on)②弄乱③使不安(upset/agitate/unsettle/dismay) patrol/pə'trəʊl/vt.巡逻，巡查n.①巡逻②巡逻队patrolman n.巡警counteract/ˌkaʊntərˈækt/vt.抵消，抵抗outset/'aʊtset/n.at/from the outset(of sth)从…开始terrible/'terəbl/adj.①极糟糕的，可怕的②严重的③劣质的terribly adv.可怕地；极其ritual/'rɪtʃuəl/n.①宗教仪式，程序②习俗adj.①仪式的②习惯的impoverished/ɪmˈpɒvərɪʃt/adj.贫穷的impoverish vt.使贫穷chaos/ˈkeɪɒs/n.混乱，杂乱(disorder/disturbance/turmoil/turbulence/tumult/unrest)chaotic adj.混乱的assign/əˈsaɪn/vt.①分配，布置（任务等）②指派，分派(to do/as sth)(appoint)assignment n.任务；分派skip/skɪp/v.①跳过；不做②突然转移③蹦跳across the board全面地，包括一切地thorn/θɔːn/adj.刺，棘刺thorny adj.①有刺的②棘手的(delicate/sticky/prickly/tricky)account for sth①占比(make up/constitute/comprise)②解释，是…原因look into sth调查(probe into/inquire into/investigate)undermine/ˌʌndəˈmaɪn/vt.逐渐削弱，破坏(weaken/impair)ultimate/'ʌltɪmət/adj.①最终的②根本的③最好，最大，终极magic/ˈmædʒɪk/n.①魔术，魔法②魔力adj.有魔力的tiny/ˈtaɪni/adj.微小的，极小的intrinsic/ɪnˈtrɪnsɪk/adj.固有的，内在的(to sth)(inherent/implicit/innate)intrinsically adv.内在地，固有地despair/dɪ'speə/n.绝望vi.对…感到绝望，失望(of sb/sth)singular/'sɪŋgjələ/n.单数，单数形式adj.①单数的②非凡的，显著的unavoidable/ˌʌnəˈvɔɪdəbl/adj.不可避免的(inevitable/inescapable/inexorable)decode/ˌdiː'kəʊd/vt.解码；破译encode vt.编码；将…写成密码nursery/'nɜːsəri/n.①托儿所②育儿室masculine/'mæskjəlɪn/adj.①男性的，男子气概的②（词）阳性的masculinity n.男性，男性气质pastel/'pæstl/n.①彩色蜡笔②淡雅色彩adj.色彩淡的constant/ˈkɒnstənt/adj.①持续的，连续的②固定的，不变的n.常量constancy n.忠诚，忠贞；持久不变feminine/'femənɪn/adj.①（气质、外貌）女性的，女性特有的②（词）阴性的femininity n.女性；女性气质amplify/'æmplɪfaɪ/v.①放大(magnify/enlarge)②进一步详述(expand/elaborate/flesh out)amplification n.放大dictate/dɪk'teɪt/v.①口述，口授②发号施令③支配，决定dictation n.口授；听写perception/pə'sepʃn/n.①洞察力(insight)②看法，见解(of sth)③知觉perceptive/pəˈseptɪv/adj.有洞察力的(insightful)perception n.洞察力toddler/ˈtɒdlə/n.（一至三岁的）学步的小孩，幼儿counsel/ˈkaʊnsl/n.①建议，忠告②律师vt.①为…提供咨询②建议(that;sb to do)split/splɪt/v.①（使）分开；分裂②分摊③撕裂，割破n.①分歧②分配③裂缝sure-fire adj.一定能成功的segment/'segmənt/n.部分，片，段vt.划分magnify/ˈmæɡnɪfaɪ/vt.①放大，增大(enlarge)②夸大(exaggerate/inflate/overstate/play up)magnification n.放大neutral/'njuːtrəl/adj.①中立的，中立国的②（词或化学品）中性的n.①中立国，中立者②空挡shake/ʃeɪk/v.①摇动，摇头②握手③颤抖(quiver/shudder/shiver/quake)④动摇，震惊n.摇动，晃动agitate/'ædʒɪteɪt/v.①鼓动(for/against sth)②使焦虑不安agitated adj.焦虑不安的preliminary/prɪˈlɪmɪnəri/adj.预备性的，初步的(to sth)n.（程序性等）预备性事务；预选赛forecast/ˈfɔːkɑːst/n.预报，预测weather forecast vt.预测(predict/foretell/foresee)overturn/ˌəʊvəˈtɜːn/v.①（使）翻倒，打翻②撤销（判决等）prior/'praɪə/adj.①先前的，较早的(previous/preceding)②优先的③prior to sth在…之前blessing/'blesɪŋ/n.①幸事，好事②祝福③许可alike/ə'laɪk/adj.相似的adv.①相似地②两者都suppress/sə'pres/vt.①镇压，压制②抑制，阻止(stifle/inhibit/impede/restrict)suppression n.镇压；抑制monopoly/mə'nɒpəli/n.①垄断(in/on/of sth)②被垄断商品③垄断企业molecule/ˈmɒlɪkjuːl/n.分子atom and molecule原子和分子genome/'dʒiːnəʊm/n.基因组chromosome n.染色体domain/dəˈmeɪn/n.①域名②领域，范围(realm/field/sphere)correlation/ˌkɒrə'leɪʃn/n.相关，关联(with sth)efficacy/'efɪkəsi/n.（药物）功效，效果convention/kən'venʃn/n.①习俗，惯例②（政党、组织等的）大会③公约the Geneva Conventions landscape/ˈlændskeɪp/n.①风景，风光②乡村风景画③局面scorn/skɔːn/n.鄙视，轻蔑(for sb/sth)vt.①轻蔑，鄙视②不屑于(sth/to do)scornful adj.轻蔑的(of sb/sth) lining/ˈlaɪnɪŋ/n.内衬，衬里prudent/ˈpruːdnt/adj.谨慎的，精明的(cautious/wary/discreet)a prudent policy/measureawake/ə'weɪk/adj.醒着的v.（使）醒来(awaken)reckless/'rekləs/adj.鲁莽的，不计后果的(rash/hasty)for the most part多半，通常the best/better part of sth绝大部分far-off adj.（时间或空间）遥远的；久远的a far-off/distant galaxylengthy/'leŋθi/adj.冗长的，漫长的length/leŋθ/n.①长度②持续时间③（书等）篇幅④at(great)length长时间，详尽stagnant/ˈstæɡnənt/adj.停滞的stagnate/stæg'neɪt/vi.停滞不前stagnation n.停滞不前mean-spirited adj.气量小的，心胸狭隘的(narrow-minded)inclusive/ɪnˈkluːsɪv/adj.①包容广阔的，兼收并蓄的②包括的，包括一切的sentiment/'sentɪmənt/n.①情绪，观点anti-American sentiment反美情绪②伤感sentimental/ˌsentɪ'mentl/adj.①情感的（而非理性的）②伤感的reinforce/ˌriːɪnˈfɔːs/vt.①加强，增强（感觉、观点等）(strengthen/heighten/beef up/consolidate)③（军队）增援dim/dɪm/adj.①昏暗的②模糊的③（前景等）黯淡的(gloomy)v.（使）变暗dimly adv.昏暗地；模糊地resentment/rɪ'zentmənt/n.怨恨(bitterness/indignation/grudge)resentful adj.怨恨的discern/dɪˈsɜːn/vt.觉察；辨别出(distinguish/recognize/make out)fabric/ˈfæbrɪk/n.①织物cotton fabric②（机构或社会）结构reshape/ri:'ʃeɪp/vt.重塑，改变subsidy/'sʌbsədi/n.补贴subsidize vt.补贴ease/iːz/n.①轻易，容易②安逸，自在v.（使）缓解，减轻(relieve/alleviate/mitigate/soften/soothe/reduce) decrease/dɪˈkriːs;ˈdiːkriːs/v.减少，降低(decline/diminish/dwindle//shrink/fall/drop)n.减少，降低trivial/ˈtrɪviəl/adj.琐碎的，不重要的(negligible/trivial/inconsiderable/petty/inconsequential/insignificant) bottom/'bɒtəm/n.①底部，底②末尾；尽头adj.底部的，最后的fall out with sb/over sth闹翻，争吵craze/kreɪz/n.（一时的）狂热，风靡之物(fad)the craze for fitness健身热crazed adj.疯狂的forefather/'fɔːfɑːðə/n.祖先，祖宗(ancestor)empathy/'empəθi/n.同感，共鸣empathize vi.有同感exemplary/ɪg'zempləri/adj.典范，可做榜样的rambling/ˈræmblɪŋ/adj.①（建筑物）凌乱蔓延的②（讲话、写作）冗长的，不切题的virtue/'vɜːtʃuː/n.①高尚的德行②美德③优点，好处the virtues of the strategy④by virtue of sth由于，凭借conquer/ˈkɒŋkə/vt.①攻占，征服②克服(overcome/rise above/surmount)conquest n.征服；克服turn sth on its head完全改变，颠覆champion/'tʃæmpiən/n.①冠军②拥护者，捍卫者vt.捍卫，拥护(endorse/advocate)cunning/ˈkʌnɪŋ/adj.狡猾的(shrewd/artful/crafty/canny)n.狡猾ruthless/ˈruːθləs/adj.残忍的，残酷的(cruel/brutal/vicious)bold/bəʊld/adj.①大胆的，无畏的②醒目的attribute/ə'trɪbjuːt;'ætrɪbjuːt/vt.把…归因于(sth to sth)n.属性，特征shift/ʃɪft/v.①转移，挪动②转移，改变③推卸n.①转移，改变(in sth)②轮班commemorate/kə'meməreɪt/vt.纪念commemoration n.纪念in commemoration of sb/sthcatalogue/ˈkætəlɒg/n.①目录②一连串（坏事）furnish/ˈfɜːnɪʃ/vt.①为…配备家具②提供(sb/sth with sth)resolute/'rezəluːt/adj.坚决的，坚定的(determined/firm/steadfast/unwavering/bent on)steadfast/'stedfɑːst/adj.坚定的，不动摇的(in sth)integrity/ɪn'teɡrəti/n.①正直，诚实②完整territorial integritynoble/ˈnəʊbl/adj.①贵族的②高尚的③雄伟壮观的(magnificent/spectacular)biography/baɪˈɒɡrəfi/n.个人传记biographical adj.传记的bourgeois/'bʊəʒwɑː/adj.①中产阶级的②逐利平庸的epochal/'epəkl/adj.划时代的，有重大意义的epoch n.时代，纪元possess/pə'zes/vt.①有，拥有②具有（品质等）possession/pə'zeʃn/n.①拥有，持有②个人财产，所有物(belongings)mortal/ˈmɔːtl/adj.①终有一死的②致命的(fatal/deadly)n.凡人bombast/'bɒmbæst/n.夸大的言辞，大话hitherto/ˌhɪðə'tuː/adv.迄今epoch/ˈiːpɒk/n.时代，时期epoch-making events划时代的事件transmission/trænzˈmɪʃn/n.①传播，传染②播送，传输transmissible adj.可传染的；能传播的transmit/trænzˈmɪt/v.①传送，播送（节目等）②传播，传染nurture/ˈnɜːtʃə/vt.①养育(bring up/raise/rear)②培养，发展(foster/develop/cultivate/nourish)unpick/ʌn'pɪk/vt.拆掉（锋线）multiplicity/ˌmʌltɪ'plɪsəti/n.大量，各种各样；多样性reliance/rɪˈlaɪəns/n.依赖，依靠(on sth/sb)reliant adj.依赖的，依靠的(on sth/sb)whirlwind/ˈwɜːlwɪnd/n.①旋风②一片忙乱，一串纷乱事情savage/ˈsævɪdʒ/adj.凶恶的，残暴的vt.（动物）凶猛攻击neglect/nɪ'glekt/v.①疏于照管②忽视③疏忽(overlook/ignore/disregard/discount)n.忽略，忽视(of sb/sth) subscribe/səbˈskraɪb/vi.①订阅（杂志等）②subscribe to sth同意，赞成（观点等）subscriber n.订户，用户restrain/rɪˈstreɪn/vt.①抑制，阻止，制止(from doing)(impede/inhibit)②控制，克制（情绪等）(repress/subdue) restraint/rɪ'streɪnt/n.①克制，抑制(suppression/inhibition)②约束，限制(on sb/sth)(limitation/constraint)exert/ɪɡˈzɜːt/vt.①运用；施加②exert oneself竭尽全力exertion n.施加，行使；竭力derive/dɪˈraɪv/v.①从…获得②derive from源于abundance/ə'bʌndəns/n.充足，大量abundant adj.充足的，大量的sophisticated/səˈfɪstɪkeɪtɪd/adj.①先进的，尖端的②老练的，世故的commission/kə'mɪʃn/n.①（官方）委员会②佣金；手续费③委托任务vt.委托forthright/ˈfɔːθraɪt/adj.直率的，坦诚的(candid/frank/outspoken/straightforward/blunt)desirable/dɪˈzaɪərəbl/adj.可取的，值得做或有的a desirable option不错的选择undesirable adj.不想要的practical/ˈpræktɪkl/adj.①实际的②（想法等）切实可行的③务实的practicality n.现实；实用性sacrifice/'sækrɪfaɪs/n.①牺牲，舍弃②祭品vt.牺牲cheerleader/'tʃɪəliːdə/n.①啦啦队长②（强有力）支持者，倡导者(advocate/proponent)chronic/ˈkrɒnɪk/adj.（疾病、难题等）长期的，慢性的acute/ə'kjuːt/adj.①严重的(severe/critical/intense)②敏锐的(keen/sharp)an acute sense of smellconverge/kənˈvɜːdʒ/vi.①（人、车）汇集，聚集②（路、河）交汇discipline/'dɪsəplɪn/n.①训练②纪律③自律④（大学）学科vt.①处罚②训练，训教disciplinary/'dɪsəplɪnəri/adj.①有关纪律的disciplinary inspection纪检②学科的denial/dɪˈnaɪəl/n.①否认，否定(that/of sth)②拒绝给予deny/dɪ'naɪ/vt.①否认(that/doing)②拒绝给予disintegrate/dɪs'ɪntɪgreɪt/v.①（使）破碎，解体②瓦解，衰落disintegration n.瓦解，衰落stuck/stʌk/adj.①被卡住的，困于②摆脱不了(with sb/sth)harmonize/'hɑːmənaɪz/v.①彼此协调，和谐②使统一harmonization n.和谐；统一sanction/ˈsæŋkʃn/n.①制裁②正式批准vt.①批准，许可②制裁freeze/friːz/v.①（使）结冰，冻住②冷藏③冻结（资金等）freezing adj.极冷的suspend/sə'spend/vt.①暂停，暂缓②使停职③悬挂suspense/sə'spens/n.①悬念，焦虑②keep/leave sb in suspense让某人心悬着suspension/səˈspenʃn/n.①暂缓，暂停②停职，停赛③悬架murmur/ˈmɜːmə/v.低语，小声说n.低语fiscal/ˈfɪskl/adj.财政的curb/kɜːb/vt.抑制，约束(restrain/check/inhibit/hinder/constrain/impede)write sth off注销，消记（账项等）at sb’s/sth’s best在…最佳全盛时期；处于最佳状态comparable/'kɒmpərəbl/adj.类似的，相当的；可比较的(to/with sb/sth)blunt/blʌnt/adj.①钝的，不锋利②直言不讳的(outspoken/candid/forthright)vt.使减弱bluntly adv.直言地benign/bɪ'naɪn/n.①和善的②良性的benign and malignant tumors良性和恶性肿瘤abandon/ə'bændən/vt.①抛弃(desert/discard/ditch/forsake)②放弃(give up)pessimistic/ˌpesɪ'mɪstɪk/adj.悲观的(about sth)pessimist n.悲观主义者pessimism/'pesɪmɪzəm/n.悲观(about/over sth)optimism n.乐观conceited/kən'siːtɪd/adj.自负的，自高自大的addict/'ædɪkt/n.①吸毒成瘾者②对…沉迷者addicted/ə'dɪktɪd/adj.成瘾的，入迷的(to sth)addiction n.瘾，沉迷(to sth)addictive/əˈdɪktɪv/adj.①使人上瘾的②使人入迷的spiral/ˈspaɪrəl/n.①螺旋形②加速上升（或下降）adj.螺旋形的vi.①螺旋式上升（或下降）②急剧增长diabetes/ˌdaɪə'biːtiːz/n.糖尿病diabetes/high blood pressure/stroke/asthma糖尿病/高血压/中风/哮喘conceivable/kən'siːvəbl/adj.可想象的，可信的inconceivable adj.不可想象的(unbelievable/incredible)crisp/krɪsp/adj.①（食物）脆的②（天气）清爽的③崭新洁净的④（声音、图像）清晰的n.薯片centerpiece/'sentəpi:s/n.最重要的部分或项目，核心calorie/'kælərɪ/n.卡路里（食物热量单位）sponsor/ˈspɒnsə/n.①赞助商，资助者②倡议人vt.①赞助；资助②主办③倡议sponsorship n.赞助lure/lʊə/vt.引诱，诱惑(tempt/entice/attract/allure)n.①吸引力the lure of Wall Street②诱饵induce/ɪnˈdjuːs/vt.①劝诱(persuade)②引起（身体反应）inducement n.诱因，引诱物(to sb/to do)up front adj.坦率的，坦诚(be up front about sth)adv.预付；预先，提前takeaway/'teɪkəweɪ/n.外卖餐馆；外卖食品alarm/ə'lɑːm/n.①惊恐②警报③警报器④闹钟vt.使惊恐，使担忧(frighten)alarming adj.令人惊恐的strengthen/'streŋθn/v.（使）增强，加强，巩固(enhance/intensify/reinforce/heighten/consolidate/bolster)upper/ˈʌpə/adj.①上面的，上部的②have/get the upper hand占上风emit/i'mɪt/vt.（热、声、气等）发出，散发(give out)emission/iˈmɪʃn/n.①（热等）发出，排放②排放物toll/təʊl/n.①伤亡人数②take a heavy/its toll(on sth/sb)造成重大损失，重创③通行费radical/ˈrædɪkl/adj.①根本的，彻底的②激进的n.激进分子tactic/ˈtæktɪk/n.策略，战术tactical/ˈtæktɪkl/adj.①战术上，策略上的②（武器）战术性的set about doing/sth着手，开始做set sth aside①把…搁到一边②留出set sb/sth back①使延误，阻滞②使…与…拉开距离(from sth)set off出发，启程set sth off①引发②引爆，触发set sth down①制定，设置（规定等）②写下set out①出发，动身②开始努力，着手(to do)set out sth①安排，摆放②列出，陈述set up sth①建立，创建②安排③安装（设备等）contribute/kən'trɪbjuːt/v.①贡献②捐助，捐赠③导致(to sth)contributory adj.促成的，促进的extract/ɪkˈstrækt;'ekstrækt/vt.①提炼，提取②摘录③取出，拔出n.①摘录②提取物extraction/ɪk'strækʃn/n.①提取，抽出②血统，出身endeavor/ɪn'devə/n.（艰难的）努力，尝试vi.努力，竭力strive/struggle/endeavor to do sthmechanism/'mekənɪzəm/n.①机械装置②机制incentive mechanism奖励机制observe/əbˈzɜːv/vt.①注意到，看到(notice/watch)②观察；监视③评论④遵守(obey/follow/abide by/adhere to) observer n.目击者，观察者；观察家insist/ɪnˈsɪst/v.①坚持要求(that;on doing/sth)②坚称，坚持说insistence n.坚决要求，坚持adhere/əd'hɪə/vi.adhere to sth①黏附②遵守，坚持（法律等）(stick to/abide by/conform to/comply with/observe) adherence/əd'hɪərəns/n.①依附，黏附②遵守，坚持succeed/sək'siːd/v.①成功；做成(in doing/sth)②继任，接替(to sth)successor n.继任者succession n.继任update/ʌpˈdeɪt;ˈʌpdeɪt/vt.①更新②向…提供最新信息(sb on sth)n.更新，最新消息updated adj.更新的swallow/ˈswɒləʊ/v.①吞下②做吞咽动作③吞没，淹没④相信，接受（某事实等）n.①燕子②吞，一口delete/dɪˈliːt/vt.删除deletion n.删除impel/ɪm'pel/vt.推动，驱使(propel/prompt/stimulate)conspire/kənˈspaɪə/vi.密谋，合谋(to do;against sb)(plot/scheme)conspiracy/kənˈspɪrəsi/n.阴谋，密谋(scheme/plot/intrigue)predecessor/'priːdɪsesə/n.①前任predecessor and successor前任和继任②前一代，前身degrade/dɪˈɡreɪd/vt.①贬低②使降低，降级③使退化degrading adj.贬低的，有辱人格的。
2015年考研英语二完形填空真题解析
2015年考研英语二完形填空真题解析2015年的考研英语落下帷幕，英语二作为专业硕士的考查科目，已经越来越成为一个重要的考试项目。
Use of English主要考察考生结合上下文的综合理解能力和语言运用能力，即在理解大意的基础上对重要词汇、语法和篇章逻辑结构的运用能力考查，通过大纲可以看出，考研完形填空的考试题型主要有：词汇辨析题、搭配题、语法题和逻辑关系题。
逻辑关系题主要是考上下文逻辑连词，主要考察转折、因果、并列和举例关系，如第19题。
语法题主要是考察介词、从句等。
介词是同学们非常害怕的部分，破解介词首先考虑词组搭配，如第5题，如果没有搭配再考虑介词本身的基本含义进行推测。
下面重点看一下今年的词汇题。
英语（二）大纲指出，完形填空文章字数大约是350个词，比英语（一）的文章字数240-280词要多，字数多也就意味着给出了更多的已知线索来搜寻未知信息，所以考生理解起来更顺畅、做起题来更轻松。
考察的单词主要是常用词的基本用法，因此难度应该略低于英语（一）的完型填空文章。
词汇辨析题包括意近词、形近词和词义理解三种。
如完型填空第16题，考查不同的表示旅程、航程的名词。
词义题解题有一个好办法是褒贬含义解题法，如第9题。
词汇搭配题包括两种，一个是固定搭配，看到什么选什么，比如完型填空第6题，还有一种是词汇搭配，在完形填空中考的较多，做题的方法是分析句子内部主谓宾的搭配词哪一个更适合，或者根据上下文进行推断，还有一个方法是采取复现法，重复的单词往往是正确答案。
总之，本次考试难度适中，与往年相比变化不大，做题的主要方法还是我们的十六字原则：瞻前顾后、胸怀大局，先易后难，边做边猜。
考试中既需要上下文寻找线索、精确理解，也需要对主题句和总述句进行宏观把握和参照。
祝愿各位考生取得良好成绩！考研过程一般分为基础、强化、冲刺。
在寒假阶段，建议大家着手准备单词，基础不错的可以自己准备，基础不好的，可以报个词汇班，比如刘一男的课程，比较生动有趣，结合词根词缀方便大家记忆，书的话推荐大家刘一男的《考研词汇速记指南》和何凯文的《1575必考词汇突破全书》。
【考研】2015年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
2015 年全国硕士研究生入一试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)We have more genes in common with people we pick to be our friends than with strangers.Though not biologically related, friends are as "related" as fourth cousins, sharing about 1% of genes. That is 1 a from the University of California and Yale University in theProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has 2 .The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted 3 1932 unique subjects which 4 pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers. The same people were used in both 5.While 1% may seem 6 , it is not so to a geneticist. As co-author of the study James Fowler, professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego says, "Most people do not even 7their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who 8 our kin."The team 9 developed a "friendship score" which can predict who will be your friend based on their genes.The study also found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genes for immunity. Why this similarity in olfactory genes is difficult to explain, for now. 10, as the team suggests, it draws us11similar environments but there is more to it. There could be many mechanisms working in tandem that 12us in choosing genetically similar friends 13 "functional kinship" of being friends with 14 !One of the remarkable findings of the study was that the similar genes seem to be evolving 15 than other genes. Studying this could help 16 why human evolution picked pace in the last 30,000 years, with social environment being a major 17 factor.The findings do not simply corroborate people's 18to befriend those ofsimilar et 19 backgrounds, say the researchers. Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction, care was taken to 20that all subjects, friends and strangers were taken from the same population. The team also controlled the data to check ancestry of subjects.1.[A] what [B] why [C] how [D] when2.[A] defended [B] concluded [C] withdrawn[D] advised3.[A] for [B] with [C] by [D] on4.[A] separated [B] sought [C] compared [D] connected5.[A] tests [B] objects [C] samples [D] examples6.[A] insignificant [B] unexpected [C] unreliable [D] incredi ble7.[A] visit[B] miss[C] know [D] seek8.[A] surpass [B] influence [C] favor [D] resemble9.[A] again [B] also[C] instead [D] thus10.[A] Meanwhile [B] Furthermore [C] Likewise[D] Perhaps 11.[A] about [B] to [C] from [D] like12.[A] limit [B] observe [C] confuse [D] drive13.[A]according to [B] ratherthan [C] regardlessof [D]alongwith 14.[A] chances [B] responses [C] benefits [D] missions15.[A] faster [B] slower [C] later [D] earlier16.[A] forecast [B] remember [C] express [D] understand17.[A] unpredictable [B] contributory [C] controllable [D] disruptive18.[A] tendency [B] decision [C] arrangement [D] endeavor19.[A] political [B] religious [C] ethnic [D] economic20.[A] see [B] show[C] prove [D] tellSection ⅡReading ComprehensionPart A Directions:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text1King JuanCarlos of Spain once insited”kings don’t abdicate, they diein their sleep.” But embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republican left in the recenet Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand down. So does the Spanish crisis suggestthat monarchy is seeing its last days? Does that mean the writing is on the wall for all European royals, withtheir magnificent uniforms andmajestic lifestyles?The Spanish case provides arguments both for and against monarchy. When public opinion is particularly polarized, as it was following the end of the Franco regime, monarchs can rise above”mere”politics and “embody” a spirit of national unity.Itis this apparenttranscendence of politics that explains monarchs continuing popularity as heads of state. And so, the Middle East excepted, Europe is the mostmonarch- infested region in the world, with 10 kingdoms (not counting Vatican City and Andorra).But unlike their absolutist counterpartsin the Gulf and Asia, most royal families have survived because they allow voters to avoid the difficult searchfor a non-controversial but respected public figure.Even so, kings and queens undoubtedly have a downside. Symbolic of national unity as they claim to be, their very history-and sometimes the way they behave today-embodies outdated and indefensible privileges and inequalities. At a time when Thomas Piketty and other economists are warming of rising inequality and the increasing power of inherited wealth, it is bizarre that wealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democratic states.The most successful monarchies strive to abandon or hide their old aristocratic ways. Princes and princesses have day-jobs and ride bicycles, not horses(or helicopters). Even so, these are wealthy families who party with the international 1%, and media intrusiveness makes it increasingly difficult to maintain the right image.While Europe’s monarchies will no doubt be smart enough to survive for some time to come, it is the British royals who have most to fear from the Spanish example.It is only the Queen who has preserved the monarchy’s reputation withher rather ordinary (if well-heeled) granny style.The danger will come with Charles. Who has both an expensive taste of lifestyle and a pretty hierarchical view of theworld. He has failed to understand that monarchieshave largely survived because they provide a service- as non-controversial and non-political heads of state. Charles ought to know that as English history shows, it is kings, not republicans, who are the monarchy’s worst enemies.21.According to the first two paragraphs, King Juan Carlos of Spain[A] used to enjoy high public support[B] was unpopular among European royals [C] eased his relationship with his rivals[D] ended his reign in embarrassment22.Monarchs are kept as heads of state in Europe mostly[A] owing to their undoubted and respectable status [B] to achieve a balance between tradition and reality [C] to give voters more public figures to look up to [D] due to their everlasting political embodiment23.Which of the following is shown to be odd, according to Paragraph 4?[A] Aristocrats’ excessive reliance on inherited wealth [B] The role of the nobility in modern democracies[C] The simple lifestyle of the aristocratic families [D] The nobility’s adherence to their privileges24.The British royals ”have most of fear” because Charles[A] takes a tough line on political issues [B] fails to change his lifestyle as advised [C] takes republicans as his potential allies [D] fails to adapt himself to his future role25.Which of the following is the best title of the text?[A] Carlos, Glory and Disgrace Combined[B] Charles, Anxious to Succeed to the Throne[C] Carlos, a Lesson for All European Monarchs[D] Charles, Slow to React to the Coming Threats.Text2JUST HOW much does the Constitution protect your digital data? The Supreme Court is only just coming to grips with that question. On Tuesday, contents of a mobile phonewithout a warrant if the phone is on or around a person during an arrest.California has asked the justices to refrain from a sweeping ruling, particularly one that upsets the old assumption that authorities may search through the effects of suspects at the time of their arrest. Even if the justices are tempted, the state argues, it is hard for judges to assess the implications of new and rapidly changing technologies.The court would be recklessly modest if it followed California’s advice. Enough of the implications are discernable, even obvious, that the justices can and should provide updated guidelines to police, lawyers and defendants.They should start by discarding California’s lame argument thatexploring the contents of a smartphone — a vast storehouse of digital information — is similar to, say, rifling through a suspect’s purse. The court has ruled that police don’t violate the Fourth Amendment when theysift through the wallet or pocketbook of an arrestee without a warrant. But exploring one’s smartphone is more like entering his or her home. A smartphone may contain an arrestee’s reading history,financial history, medical history and comprehensive records of recent correspondence. The development of “cloud computing,” meanwhile, means that police officers could conceivably access even more information with a few swipes on a touchscreen.Americans should take steps to protect their digital privacy. But keeping sensitive information on these devices is increasingly a requirement of normal life. Citizens still have a right to expect private documents to remain private and protected by the Constitution’s prohibition on unreasonable searches.As so often is the case, stating that principle doesn’t ease the challenge of line-drawing. In many cases, it would not be overly onerous for authorities to obtain a warrant to search through phone contents. They could still trump Fourth Amendment protections when facing severe, exigent circumstances, such as the threat of immediate harm, and they could take reasonable measures to ensure that phone data are not erased or altered while a warrant is pending. The court, though, may want to allow room for police to cite situations where they are entitled to more leeway.But the justices should not swallow California’s argument whole. New, disruptive technology sometimes demands novel applications of the Constitution’s protections. Orin Kerr, a law professor who blogs on The Post’s Volokh Conspiracy, the explosion and accessibility of digital information in the 21st century with the establishment of automobile use as a virtual necessity of life in the 20th: The justices had to specify novel rules for the new personal domain of the passenger car then; they must sort out how the Fourth Amendment applies to digital information now.26.The Supreme court, will work out whether, during an arrest, it islegitimate to[A] search for suspects’ mobile phones without a warrant.[B] check suspects’ phone contents without being authorized. [C] prevent suspects from deleting their phone contents.[D] prohibit suspects from using their mobile phones.27.The author’s attitude toward California’s argument is one of[A] tolerance. [B] indifference. [C] disapproval.[D] cautiousness.28.The author believes that exploring one’s phone content is comparable to[A] getting into one’s residence.[B] handing one’s historical records. [C] scanning one’s correspondences.[D] going through one’s wallet.29.In Paragraph 5 and 6, the author shows his concern that[A] principles are hard to be clearly expressed. [B] the court is giving police less room for action.[C] phones are used to store sensitive information. [D] citizens’ privacy is not effective protected.30.Orin Kerr’s comparison is quoted to indicate that(A)the Constitution should be implemented flexibly.(B)New technology requires reinterpretation of the Constitution.(C)California’s argument violates principles of the Constitution.(D)Principles of the Constitution should never be altered.Text3The journal Science is adding an extra round of statistical checks to its peer-review process, editor-in-chief Marcia McNutt announced today. The policy follows similar efforts from other journals, after widespread concern that basic mistakes in data analysis are contributing to theirreproducibility of many published research findings.“Readers must have confidence in the conclusions published in our journal,” writes McNutt in an editorial. Working with the American Statistical Association, the journal has appointed seven experts to a statistics board of reviewing editors (SBoRE). Manuscript will be flagged up for additional scrutiny by the journal’s internal editors, or by its existing Board of Reviewing Editors or by outside peer reviewers. The SBoRE panel will then find external statisticians to review these manuscripts.Asked whether any particular papers had impelled the change, McNutt said: “The creation of the ‘statistics board’ was motivated by concerns broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis in scientific research and is part of Science’s overall drive to increase reproducibility in the research we publish.”Giovanni Parmigiani, a biostatistician at the Harvard School of Public Health, a member of the SBoRE group, says he expects the board to “play primarily an advisory role.” He agreed to join because he “found the foresight behind the establishment of the SBoRE to be novel, unique andlikely to have a lasting impact. This impact will not only be through the publications in Science itself, but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to model their approachafter Science.”31.According to Nancy Koehn,office language has become[A]more emotional[B]more object[C]less energetic[D]less stratcgic32.”Team”oriented corporate vocabulary is closely related to[A]historical incidents [B]gender difference[C]sport culture[D]athletic executives33.Khurana believes that the importation of terminology to[A]revive historical terms [B]promote company image[C]foster corporate cooperation [D]strengthen cmployee loyalty34.It can bo inferred that Lean In .[A]voices for working women [B]appeals to passionate workholics [C]triggers debates among mommies [D]parises motivated employees35.Which of the following statements is true about office speak?[A]Managers admire it avoid it[B] Linguists believe it to be nonsense[C]Companies find it to be fundamental[D]Regular people mock it but accept itText4Two years ago, Rupert Murdoch’s daughter, Elisabeth, spoke of the “unsettling dearth of integrity across so many of our institutions”. Integrity had collapsed, she argued, because of a collective acceptance that the only “sorting mechanism” in society should be profit and the market. But “it’s us, human beings, we the people who create the society we want, not profit”.Driving her point home, she continued: “It’s increasingly apparent that the absence of purpose, of a moral language within government, media or business could become one of the most dangerous goals for capitalism and freedom.” This same absence of moral purpose was wounding companies such as News International, she thought, making it more likely that it would lose its way as it had with widespread illegal telephone hacking.As the hacking trial concludes—finding guilty one ex-editor of the News of the World, Andy Coulson, for conspiring to hack phones, and finding his predecessor, Rebekah Brooks, innocent ofthe same charge—the wider issue of dearth of integrity still stands. Journalists are known to have hacked the phones of up to 5,500 people. Thisis hacking on an industrial scale, as was acknowledged by Glenn Mulcaire, the man hired by the News of the World in 2001 to be the point person for phone hacking. Others await trial. This saga still unfolds.In many respects, the dearth of moral purpose frames not only the fact of such widespread phone hacking but the terms on which the trial took place. One of the astonishing revelations was how little Rebekah Brooks knew of what went on in her newsroom, how little she thought to ask and the fact that she never inquired how the stories arrived. The core of her successful defence was that she knew nothing.In today’s world, it has become normal that well-paid executives should not be accountable for what happens in the organisations that they run. Perhaps we should not be so surprised. For a generation, the collective doctrine has been that the sorting mechanism of society should be profit. The words that have mattered are efficiency, flexibility, shareholder value, business-friendly, wealth generation, sales, impact and, in newspapers, circulation. Words degraded to the margin have been justice, fairness, tolerance, proportionality and accountability.The purpose of editing the News of the World was not to promote reader understanding, to be fair in what was written or to betray any common humanity. It was to ruin lives in the quest for circulation and impact. Ms Brooks may or may not have had suspicions about how her journalists got their stories, but she asked no questions, gave no instructions—nor received traceable, recorded answers.36.Accordign to the first two paragraphs, Elisabeth was upset by(A)the consequences of the current sorting mechanism.(B)companies’ financial loss due to immoral practices(C)governmental ineffectiveness on moral issues.(D)the wide misuse of integrity among institutions.37.It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that(A)Glenn Mulcaire may deny phone hacking as a crime.(B)more journalists may be found guilty of phone hacking.(C)Andy Coulson should be held innocent of the charge.(D)phone hacking will be accepted on certain occasions.38.The author believes that Rebekah Brooks’s defence(A)revealed a cunning personality.(B)centered on trivial issues.(C)was hardly convincing.(D)was part of a conspiracy.39.The author holds that the current collective doctrine shows(A)generally distorted values.(B)unfair wealth distribution.(C)a marginalized lifestyle.(D)a rigid moral code.40 Which of the following is suggested in the last paragraph?(A)The quality of writings is of primary importance.(B)Common humanity is central to news reporting.(C)Moral awareness matters in editing a newspaper.(D)Journalists need stricter industrial regulations.Part BHow does your reading proceed? Clearly you try to comprehend, in the sense of identifying meanings for individual words and working out relationships between them, drawing on your implicit knowledge of English grammar. (41) You begin to infer a context for the text, for instance by making decisions about what kind of speech event is involved: who is making the utterance, to whom, when and where.The ways of reading indicated here are without doubt kinds of comprehension. But they show comprehension to consist not just of passive assimilation but of active engagement in inference and problem-solving. You infer information you feel the writer has invited you to grasp by presenting you with specific evidence and clues; (42)Conceived in this way, comprehension will not follow exactly the same track for each reader.What is in question is not the retrieval of an absolute, fixed or ‘true’meaning that can be read off and checked for accuracy, or some timeless relation of the text to the world.(43)Such background material inevitably reflects who we are.(44)This doesn’t, however, make interpretation merely relative or even pointless. Precisely because readers from different historical periods. Place and social experiences produce different but overlapping readings of the same words on the page—includingfor texts that engage with fundamental human concerns—debates about texts can play an important in the social discussion of beliefs and values.How we read a given text also depends to some extent on our particularinterest in reading it.(45)Such dimensions of reading suggest — as other introduced later in the book will also do — that webring an implicit（often unacknowledged）agenda to any act of reading. It doesn’t then necessarily follow that one kind of reading is fuller,more advanced and more worthwhile than another. Ideally, different kinds of reading inform each other, and act as useful reference points for and counterbalances to one another. Together, they make up the reading component of your overall literacy, or relationship to your surrounding textual environment.A.Are we studying that text and trying to respond in a way that fulfils the requirement of a give course? Reading it simply for pleasure? Skimming it for information? Ways of reading on a train or in bed are likely to differ considerably from reading in a seminar room.B.Factors such as the place and period in which we are reading, our gender, ethnicity, age and social class will encourage us towards certain interpretations but at the same time obscure or even close off others.C.If you are unfamiliar with words or idioms, you guess at their meaning, using clues presented in the context. On the ash emption that they will become relevant later, you make a mental note of discourse entities as wellas possible links between them.D.In effect, you try to reconstruct the likely meaning or effects that any given sentence, image or reference might have had: These might be theones author intended.E.You make further inferences, for instance, about how the text may be significant to you, or about its validity — inferences that from the basisof personal response for which the author will inevitably be far less responsible.F.In plays, novels and narrative poems, characters speak as constructs created the author, not necessarily as mouthpieces for the author’s own thoughts.G.Rather, we ascribe meanings to texts on the basis of interaction between what we might call textual and contextual material: between kinds of organization or pattering we perceive in a text’s formal structures (so especially its language structures) and various kinds of background, social knowledge, belief and attitude that we bring to the text.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 pionts)Within the span of a hundred years, in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, a tide if emigration- one of the great folk wanderings of history- swept from Europe to America. (46) This movement, driven by powerful and diverse motivations, built a nation out of a wilderness and, by its nature, shaped the character and destiny of an uncharted continent.(47) The United States is the product of two principal forces- the immigration of European people with their varied ideas, customs, and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these traits. Of necessity, colonial America was a projection of Europe. Across theAtlantic came successive groups of Englishmen, Frenchmen, Germans, Scots, Irishmen, Dutchmen, Swedes, and many others who attempt to transplant their habits and traditions to new world. (48) But the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America, the interplay of the varied national groups upon once another, and the sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw, new continent caused significant changes. These changes were gradual and at first scarcely visible. But the result was a new social pattern which, although it resembled European society in many ways, has a character that was distinctly American.(49) The first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the United States crossed the Atlantic more than a hundred years after the 15th-and- 16th century explorations of North America. In the meantime, thriving Spanish colonies had been established in Mexico, the West Indies, and South America. These travelers to North America came in small, unmercifully overcrowded craft. During their six-to twelve-week voyage, they survived on barely enough food allotted to them. Many of the ships were lost in storms, many passengers died of disease, and infants rarely survived the journey. Sometimes storms blew the vessels far off their course, and often calm brought unbearably long delay.To the anxious travelers the sight of the American shore brought almost inexpressible relief. Said one recorder of events, “ The air at twelve leagues’ distance smelt as sweet as a new-blown garden.” The colonists’first glimpse of the new land was a sight of dense woods. (50) The virgin forest with its richness and variety of trees was a real treasure-house whichextended from Maine all the way down to Georgia. Here was abundant fuel and lumber……Section III WritingPart A51.Directions：You are going to host a club reading session. Write an email of about 100 words recommending a book to the club members.You should state reasons for you recommendation. You should write neatly onthe ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming”instead.Do not write the address.(10 points)Part B52．Directions：Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following picture. In your essay, you should(1)Describe the picture briefly,(2)Interpret its intended meaning, and(3)Give your comments.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 point)1. 【答案】[D] what【解析】该题考查的是语法知识。
2015考研英语语法讲义
考研语法讲义——长难句分析策略2 / 38总论：一、考研语法在各题型直接命题点的体现：1.阅读：定语从句、宾语从句、状语从句------现在分词、过去分词、比较结构------主语从句。
2.完形：定语从句、宾语从句、状语从句------现在分词、过去分词------主语从句、比较结构、同位语从句。
3.翻译：定语从句------状语从句、宾语从句、现在分词------过去分词------比较结构、倒装------同位语从句、表语从句。
二、英语句法规则：一个句子中有且只能有一个核心动词。
㈠分号和并列连词可以连接多个独立的句子，构成并列句；多个句子之间是平等关系；多句的动词共同构成句子的核心动词。
㈡复合句分为主句和从句两部分，由从属连词连接；主句的动语是核心动词；主从句之间属于上下级关系。
三、长难句分析六步走1. (2010Text4) These (changes) gave banks more freedom to use models to value illiquid assets (非流动资产) and more flexibility in recognizing losses on long-term assets in their income statements (损益计算).2. （2001完形）The government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers seeking to buy up people involved in prominent cases such as the trial of Rosemary West.3. （2005Text1）Whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in monkeys and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is , as yet, an unanswered question.(2005-25) What can we infer from the last paragraph?[A] Monkeys can be trained to develop social emotions.[B] Human indignation evolved from an uncertain source.[C] Animals usually show their feelings openly as humans do.[D] Cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild.4. (2008Text2) The Internet—and pressure from funding agencies, who are questioning why commercial publishers are making money from government-funded research by restricting access to it—is making access to scientific results a reality.四、基本知识补充1. 句子成分：主干成分——主语、谓语/系词、宾语/表语修饰成分——定语、状语和补语例：When it comes to English test, he, who is a college student, considers grammar most important.2. 由词到句的扩展：除谓语和补语外，任何其他句子成分都可以用句子代替单词或短语构成从句。
2015年考研英语熟悉的陌生人(536个)教材
2015年考研熟悉的陌生人（536词）1. a crop of: 描述人的量词，表示“一批，一代”，替代过去常用的a generation of2. a spell of time: “一段时间”3. abide (by ) v. ①遵守，服从We must abide by the promise made by us. 我们必须遵守我们作出的诺言。
②忍受，忍耐You will have to abide by the consequences. 你将必须忍受其后果4. above / beyond: 表示“无法做到”，“above comprehension”的意思是“无法理解”5. abroad ad.在国外，到国外；ad.遍布，到处 at home and abroad 国内外6. abuse: 用在物品词后面表示“过量使用”，用在有生命的事物后面则表示“虐待”。
7. academic a. 学院的，学业的，学术的 n. 学者，大学教师8. accessible a.易接近的，易受影响的，可理解的9. available a.可利用的，可接受采访的，可见客人的10. accommodate: v 接受；适应。
11. account Vt.财务，会计 n. 价值，地位，重要性,解释，解说，叙述帐户, 计算12. account for:解释说明；是…的原因；占…份额，比重。
13. acknowledge v. 承认，认为；v. 致谢 acknowledge a favor 答谢所受到的关照14. acquire: 这个词的中文非常灵活，通常由后面跟随的名词决定，如“acquire bad habits”就是“养成坏习惯”的含义。
在商业用语中，该词则表示“吞并”。
其名词形式acquisition也有这个含义。
mergers and acquisitions 合并，并购15. action: 在军事用语中可以表示“战斗”。
考研英语二历年真题2015-2010六年考研英语二真题及答案免费下载
2015考研英语二真题及答案Directions:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)In our contemporary culture, the prospect of communicating with -- or even looking at -- a stranger is virtually unbearable. Everyone around us seems to agree by the way they fiddle with their phones, even without a 1 underground.It's a sad reality -- our desire to avoid interacting with other human beings -- because there's 2 to be gained from talking to the stranger standing by you. But you wouldn't know it, 3 into your phone. This universal armor sends the 4 : "Please don't approach me."What is it that makes us feel we need to hide 5 our screens?One answer is fear, according to Jon Wortmann, executive mental coach. We fear rejection, or that our innocent social advances will be 6 as "creepy,". We fear we'll be 7 . We fear we'll be disruptive. Strangers are inherently 8 to us, so we are more likely to feel 9 when communicating with them compared with our friends and acquaintances. To avoid this anxiety, we 10 to our phones. "Phones become our security blanket," Wortmann says. "They are our happy glasses that protect us from what we perceive is going to be more 11 .”But once we rip off the bandaid, tuck our smartphones in our pockets and look up, it doesn't 12 so bad. In one 2011 experiment, behavioral scientists Nicholas Epley and Juliana Schroeder asked commuters to do the unthinkable: Start a 13 . They had Chicago train commuters talk to their fellow 14 . "When Dr. Epley and Ms. Schroeder asked other people in the same train station to 15 how they would feel after talking to a stranger, the commuters thought their 16 would be more pleasant if they sat on their own," the New York Times summarizes. Though the participants didn't expect a positive experience, after they 17 with the experiment, "not a single person reported having been snubbed."18 , these commutes were reportedly more enjoyable compared with those sans communication, which makes absolute sense, 19 human beings thrive off of social connections. It's that 20 : Talking to strangers can make you feel connected.1. [A] ticket [B] permit [C] signal [D] record2. [A] nothing [B] link [C] another [D] much3. [A] beaten [B] guided [C] plugged [D] brought4. [A] message [B] cede [C] notice [D] sign5. [A] under [B] beyond [C] behind [D] from6. [A] misinterpret [B] misapplied [C] misadjusted [D] mismatched7. [A] fired [B] judged [C] replaced [D] delayed8. [A] unreasonable [B] ungrateful [C] unconventional [D] unfamiliar9. [A] comfortable [B] anxious [C] confident [D] angry10. [A] attend [B] point [C] take [D] turn11. [A] dangerous [B] mysterious [C] violent [D] boring12. [A] hurt [B] resist [C] bend [D] decay13. [A] lecture [B] conversation [C] debate [D] negotiation14. [A] trainees [B] employees [C] researchers [D] passengers15. [A] reveal [B] choose [C] predict [D] design16. [A] voyage [B] flight [C] walk [D] ride17. [A] went through [B] did away [C] caught up [D] put up18. [A] In turn [B] In particular [C] In fact [D] In consequence19. [A] unless [B] since [C] if [D] whereas20. [A] funny [B] simple [C] logical [D] rareSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1A new study suggests that contrary to most surveys, people are actually more stressed at home than at work. Researchers measured people’s cortisol, which is a stress marker, while they were at work and while they were at home and found it higher at what is supposed to be a place of refuge.“Further contradicting conventional wisdom, we found that women as well as men have lower levels of stress at work than at home, ”writes one of the researchers, Sarah Damske. In fact women even say they feel better at work, she notes.“It is men, not women, who report being happier at home than at work. ”Another surprise is that findings hold true for both those with children and without, but more so for nonparents. This is why people who work outside the home have better health.What the study doesn’t measure is whether people are still doing work when they’re at home, whether it is household work or work brought home from the office. For many men, the end of the workday is a time to kick back. For women who stay home, they never get to leave the office. And for women who work outside the home, they often are playing catch-up-with-household tasks. With the blurring of roles, and the fact that the home front lags well behind the workplace a making adjustments for working women, it’s not surprising that women are more stressed at home.But it’s not just a gender thing. At work, people pretty much know what they’re supposed to be doing: working, marking money, doing the tasks they have to do in order to draw an income. The bargain is very pure: Employee puts in hours of physical or mental labor and employee draws out life-sustaining moola.On the home front, however, people have no such clarity. Rare is the household in which the division of labor is so clinically and methodically laid out. There are a lot of tasks to be done, there are inadequate rewards for most of them. Your home colleagues-your family-have no clear rewards for their labor; they need to be talked into it, or if they’re teenagers, threatened with complete removal of all electronic devices. Plus, they’re your family. You cannot fire your family. You never really get to go home from home.So it’s not surprising that people are more stressed at home. Not only are the tasks apparently infinite, the co-workers are much harder to motivate.21.According to Paragraph 1,most previous surveys found that home_____[A] offered greater relaxation than the workplace[B] was an ideal place for stress measurement[C] generated more stress than the workplace[D] was an unrealistic place for relaxation22. According to Damaske, who are likely to be the happiest at home?[A] Childless wives[B] Working mothers[C] Childless husbands[D] Working fathers23.The blurring of working women's roles refers to the fact that_____[A] it is difficult for them to leave their office[B] their home is also a place for kicking back[C] there is often much housework left behind[D] they are both bread winners and housewives24.The word“moola”(Line4,Para4)most probably means_____[A] skills[B] energy[C] earnings[D] nutrition25.The home front differs from the workplace in that_____[A] division of labor at home is seldom clear-cut[B] home is hardly a cozier working environment[C] household tasks are generally more motivating[D] family labor is often adequately rewardedText 2For years, studies have found that first-generation college students- those who do not have a parent with a college degree- lag other students on a range of education achievement factors. Their grades are lower and their dropout rates are higher. But since such students are most likely to advance economically if they succeed in higher education, colleges and universities have pushed for decades to recruit more of them. This has created “a paradox”in that recruiting first- generation students, but then watching many of them fail, means that higher education has “continued to reproduce and widen, rather than close”ab achievement gap based on social class, according to the depressing beginning of a paper forthcoming in the journal Psychological Science.But the article is actually quite optimistic, as it outlines a potential solution to this problem, suggesting that an approach (which involves a one-hour, next-to-no-cost program) can close 63 percent of the achievement gap (measured by such factors as grades) between first-generation and other students.The authors of the paper are from different universities, and their findings are based on a study involving 147 students ( who completed the project) at an unnamed private university. First generation was defined as not having a parent with a four-year college degree. Most of the first-generation students(59.1 percent) were recipients of Pell Grants, a federal grant for undergraduates with financial need, while this was true only for 8.6 percent of the students wit at least one parent with a four-year degree.Their thesis- that a relatively modest intervention could have a big impact- was based on the view that first-generation students may be most lacking not in potential but in practical knowledge about how to deal with the issues that face most college students. They cite past research by several authors to show that this is the gap that must be narrowed to close the achievement gap.Many first- generation students “struggle to navigate the middle-class culture of highereducation, learn the ‘rules of the game,’and take advantage of college resources,”they write. And this becomes more of a problem when collages don’t talk about the class advantage and disadvantages of different groups of students. Because US colleges and universities seldom acknowledge how social class can affect students ’educational experience, many first-generation students lack sight about why they are struggling and do not understand how students’like them can improve.26. Recruiting more first- generation students has_______[A] reduced their dropout rates[B] narrowed the achievement gap[C] missed its original purpose[D] depressed college students27. The author of the research article are optimistic because_______[A] the problem is solvable[B] their approach is costless[C] the recruiting rate has increased[D] their finding appeal to students28. The study suggests that most first- generation students______[A] study at private universities[B] are from single-parent families[C] are in need of financial support[D] have failed their collage29. The author of the paper believe that first-generation students_______[A] are actually indifferent to the achievement gap[B] can have a potential influence on other students[C] may lack opportunities to apply for research projects[D] are inexperienced in handling their issues at college30. We may infer from the last paragraph that_______[A] universities often reject the culture of the middle-class[B] students are usually to blame for their lack of resources[C] social class greatly helps enrich educational experiences[D]colleges are partly responsible for the problem in questionText 3Even in traditional offices, “the lingua franca of corporate America has gotten much more emotional and much more right-brained than it was 20 years ago,”said Harvard Business School professor Nancy Koehn. She started spinning off examples. “If you and I parachuted back to Fortune 500 companies in 1990, we would see much less frequent use of terms like journey, mission, passion. There were goals, there were strategies, there were objectives, but we didn’t talk about energy; we didn’t talk about passion.”Koehn pointed out that this new era of corporate vocabulary is very “team”-oriented—and not by coincidence. “Let’s not forget sports—in male-dominated corporate America, it’s still a big deal. It’s not explicitly conscious; it’s the idea that I’m a coach, and you’re my team, and we’re in this together. There are lots and lots of CEOs in very different companies, but most think of themselves as coaches and this is their team and they want to win.”These terms are also intended to infuse work with meaning—and, as Khurana points out,increase allegiance to the firm. “You have the importation of terminology that historically used to be associated with non-profit organizations and religious organizations: Terms like vision, values, passion, and purpose,”said Khurana.This new focus on personal fulfillment can help keep employees motivated amid increasingly loud debates over work-life balance. The “mommy wars”of the 1990s are still going on today, prompting arguments about why women still can’t have it all and books like Sheryl Sandberg’s Lean In, whose title has become a buzzword in its own right. Terms like unplug, offline, life-hack, bandwidth, and capacity are all about setting boundaries between the office and the home. But if your work is your “passion,”you’ll be more likely to devote yourself to it, even if that means going home for dinner and then working long after the kids are in bed.But this seems to be the irony of office speak: Everyone makes fun of it, but managers love it, companies depend on it, and regular people willingly absorb it. As Nunberg said, “You can get people to think it’s nonsense at the same time that you buy into it.”In a workplace that’s fundamentally indifferent to your life and its meaning, office speak can help you figure out how you relate to your work—and how your work defines who you are.31. According to Nancy Koehn, office language has become_____[A] more emotional[B] more objective[C] less energetic[D] less strategic32. “Team”-oriented corporate vocabulary is closely related to_______[A] historical incidents[B] gender difference[C] sports culture[D] athletic executives33.Khurana believes that the importation of terminology aims to______[A] revive historical terms[B] promote company image[C] foster corporate cooperation[D] strengthen employee loyalty34.It can be inferred that Lean In________[A] voices for working women[B] appeals to passionate workaholics[C] triggers debates among mommies[D] praises motivated employees35.Which of the following statements is true about office speak?[A] Managers admire it but avoid it[B] Linguists believe it to be nonsense[C] Companies find it to be fundamental[D] Regular people mock it but accept itText 4Many people talked of the 288,000 new jobs the Labor Department reported for June, along with the drop in the unemployment rate to 6.1 percent, as good news. And they were right. For now it appears the economy is creating jobs at a decent pace. We still have a long way to go to getback to full employment, but at least we are now finally moving forward at a faster pace.However, there is another important part of the jobs picture that was largely overlooked. There was a big jump in the number of people who repot voluntarily working part-time. This figure is now 830,000(4.4 percent)above its year ago level.Before explaining the connection to the Obamacare, it is worth making an important distinction. Many people who work part-time jobs actually want full-time jobs. They take part-time work because this is all they can get. An increase in involuntary part-time work is evidence of weakness in the labor market and it means that many people will be having a very hard time making ends meet.There was an increase in involuntary part-time in June, but the general direction has been down. Involuntary part-time employment is still far higher than before the recession, but it is down by 640,000(7.9percent)from is year ago level.We know the difference between voluntary and involuntary part-time employment because people tell us. The survey used by the Labor Department asks people is they worked less than 35 hours in the reference week. If the answer is “yes”, they are classified as worked less than 35hours in that week because they wanted to work less than full time or because they had no choice .They are only classified as voluntary part-time workers if they tell the survey taker they chose to work less than 35 hours a week.The issue of voluntary part-time relates to Obamacare because one of the main purposes was to allow people to get insurance outside of employment. For many people , especially those with serious health conditions or family members with serious health conditions ,before Obamacare the only way to get insurance was through a job that provided health insurance.However, Obamacare has allowed more than 12 million people to either get insurance through Medicaid or the exchanges. These are people who may previously have felt the need to get a full-time job that provided insurance in order to cover themselves and their families. With Obamacare there is no longer a link between employment and insurance.36. Which part of the jobs picture are neglected?[A] The prospect of a thriving job market.[B] The increase of voluntary part-time market.[C] The possibility of full employment.[D] The acceleration of job creation.37. Many people work part-time because they_____.[A] prefer part-time jobs to full-time jobs.[B] feel that is enough to make ends meet.[C] cannot get their hands on full-time jobs.[D] haven’t seen the weakness of the market.38. Involuntary part-time employment is the US_____.[A] is harder to acquire than one year ago.[B] shows a general tendency of decline.[C] satisfies the real need of the jobless.[D] is lower than before the recession.39. It can be learned that with Obamacare,_____.[A] it is no longer easy for part-timers to get insurance[B] employment is no longer a precondition to get insurance[C] it is still challenging to get insurance for family members[D] full-time employment is still essential for insurance40. The text mainly discusses_______.[A] employment in the US[B] part-timer classification[C] insurance though Medicaid[D] Obamacare’s troublePart BDirections:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list [A]-[G] to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A] You are not alone[B] Don’t fear responsibility for your life[C] Pave your own unique path[D] Most of your fears are unreal[E] Think about the present moment[F] Experience helps you grow[G] There are many things to be grateful forUnfortunately, life is not a bed of roses. We are going through life facing sad experiences. Moreover, we are grieving various kinds of loss: a friendship, a romantic relationship or a house. Hard times may hold you down at what usually seems like the most inopportune time, but you should remember that they won’t last forever.When our time of mourning is over, we press forward, stronger with a greater understanding and respect for life. Furthermore, these losses make us mature and eventually move us toward future opportunities for growth and happiness. I want to share these ten old truths I’ve learned along the way.41._____________________________Fear is both useful and harmful. This normal human reaction is used to protect us by signaling danger and preparing us to deal with it. Unfortunately, people create inner barriers with a help of exaggerating fears. My favorite actor Will Smith once said, “Fear is not real. It is a product of thoughts you create. Do not misunderstand me. Danger is very real. But fear is a choice.”I do completely agree that fears are just the product of our luxuriant imagination.42_____________________________If you are surrounded by problems and cannot stop thinking about the past, try to focus on the present moment. Many of us are weighed down by the past or anxious about the future. You may feel guilt over your past, but you are poisoning the present with the things and circumstances you cannot change. Value the present moment and remember how fortunate you are to be alive. Enjoy the beauty of the world around and keep the eyes open to see the possibilities before you. Happiness is not a point of future and not a moment from the past, but a mindset that can be designed into the present.43______________________________Sometimes it is easy to feel bad because you are going through tough times. You can be easily caught up by life problems that you forget to pause and appreciate the things you have.Only strong people prefer to smile and value their life instead of crying and complaining about something.44________________________________No matter how isolated you might feel and how serious the situation is, you should always remember that you are not alone. Try to keep in mind that almost everyone respects and wants to help you if you are trying to make a good change in your life, especially your dearest and nearest people. You may have a circle of friends who provide constant good humor, help and companionship. If you have no friends or relatives, try to participate in several online communities, full of people who are always willing to share advice and encouragement.45________________________________Today many people find it difficult to trust their own opinion and seek balance by gaining objectivity from external sources. This way you devalue your opinion and show that you are incapable of managing your own life. When you are struggling to achieve something important you should believe in yourself and be sure that your decision is the best. You live in your skin, think your own thoughts, have your own values and make your own choices.Section III TranslationDirections:Translate the following text from English into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)Think about driving a route that’s very familiar. It could be your commute to work, a trip into town or the way home. Whichever it is, you know every twist and turn like the back of your hand. On these sorts of trips it’s easy to zone out from the actual driving and pay little attention to the passing scenery. The consequence is that you perceive that the trip has taken less time than it actually has.This is the well-travelled road effect: people tend to underestimate the time it takes to travel a familiar route.The effect is caused by the way we allocate our attention. When we travel down a well-known route, because we don’t have to concentrate much, time seems to flow more quickly. And afterwards, when we come to think back on it, we can’t remember the journey well because we didn’t pay much attention to it. So we assume it was shorter.Section IV WritingPart A47. Directions:Suppose your university is going to host a summer camp for high school students. Write a notice to1) briefly introduce the camp activities, and2) call for volunteers.You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your name or the name of your university.Do not write your address. (10 points)Part B48. Directions:Write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should1) interpret the chart, and2) give your comments.You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)1、【答案】[C] signal【解析】此题所在的上下文内容的意思是：陌生人之间没有交流，大家都只关注自己的手机，甚至不_______。
考研英语阅读理解的50个关键词汇
考研英语阅读理解的50个关键词汇1.authority权威，当局Mexican authorities noticed a large number of hospitalizations and deaths among healthy adults.墨西哥当局注意到，在成年人中有大量人住院。
One authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control.一位权威人士说道，这些极其强大的精神事件不但可以约束，还可以有意识地进行控制。
2.equivalent等价物The digital credential would be a"voluntary trusted identity"system that would be the high-tech equivalent of a physical key，a fingerprint and a photo ID card.该数字证书可以成为一个"自愿受信身份"系统，从而成为物理密钥、指纹以及身份证的高科技等价物。
3.alternative替代物They tend to keep a tighter hold on their purse and consider eating athome a realistic alternative.他们更愿意握紧自己的钱包，把在家吃饭作为一种现实的替代。
4.substitute代替物Devoted concertgoers reply that recordings are no substitute for live performance.忠诚的音乐会爱好者回答道，唱片并不能`1代替现场表演。
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来源：凯程考研集训营，资料获取、课程辅导咨询凯程老师 第 1 页 共 1 页 2015年考研英语阅读理解必考短语（二）
101.by chance (=accidentally, by accident)偶然 102.for a change换换环境(花样等) 103.charge sb. with …控告某人犯有… 104.in charge of (=responsible for)负责(某事) in the charge of …由…管 105.take charge of (=to be or become responsible for)负责管理(照顾) 106.charge…for因…索取(费用), charge sb. with sth.控告某人犯有… 107.round the clock (=all day and all night, usually without stopping)昼夜不停地 108.comment on评论 109.commit oneself to使自己承担… commit sb. to prison把某人送进监狱; commit one's idea to writing把某人的想法写下来; commit a matter to a committee把某事交给委员会讨论 110.in common (和…)有共同之处,共用. be common to sb.是与某人所共有的 111.keep company with (=be friendly and go out together)和…要好. 112.compare…with …把…与…比较 113.compare…to…把…比作… 114.by comparison比较起来 115.in comparison with (=in contrast to)和…比起来 116.compensate for (=give sth. to make up for)补偿,赔偿,弥补compensate sb. for sth.赔偿,弥补 117.complain of (or about)抱怨;诉苦;控告; complain about抱怨某人或事情; complain to sb. about sth. (or sb.)向某人抱怨…; complain (抱怨); complement (补充); compliment (恭维) 118.comply with (=act in accordance with a demand, order, rule etc.)遵守,依从 119.conceive of (think of, imagine, consider)想象,设想 120.concentrate on (or upon)集中,专心 121.be concerned with (=about)与…有关 122.concern oneself about / with关心 123.in conclusion (=as the last thing)最后一点; at the conclusion of当…结束时; 124.condemn sb. to判决 125.on condition that (=if)以…为条件,假如. in that = because因为; now that = since既然;for all that = although尽管 126.in / out of condition (=thoroughly healthy or fit / not fit)健康状况好/不好. in good (bad) condition处于良好(坏)状态 127.confess (to)(=admit a fault, crime, or sth. wrong)承认,供认; confess to a crime承认罪行. 128.confide in (=to talk freely to sb. about one's secret)对…讲真心话,依赖 129.in confidence推心置腹地; with confidence满怀信心地; have confidence in对…有信心 130.confidence in sb. / sth.对…的信赖 131.be confident of有信心; confidential机密的 132.confine…to…把…限制在某范围内 来源：凯程考研集训营，资料获取、课程辅导咨询凯程老师 第 2 页 共 2 页 133.confirm sb. in使某人更坚定(信念等) 134.conform to (=be in agreement with, comply with)符合,遵照,遵守;1) obey服从; 2) observe; 3) comply with照…办; 4) keep to遵循; 5) abide by服从;6) stick to按..做 135.be confronted with (=be brought face to face with)面对,面临 136.congratulate sb. on祝贺 137.in connection with (=with regard to)关于, 138.be conscious of (=be aware of)觉察,知道 139.consent to (=give agreement to permission)同意 140.in consequence (=as a result)结果 141.in consequence of (=as a consequence of)由于…的结果 142.under consideration在考虑中 143.in consideration of (=in return for, on account of, because of)由于 144.on no consideration (in no case)无论如何也不 145.take…into consideration (=take account of, take…into account)考虑到,把…考虑进去 146.considerate (=thoughtful of the needs)体贴的,考虑他人需要的, considerable相当大的,值得考虑的 147.consist of (=be composed of)由…组成的. consist in主要在于. consist with符合,与…一致 148.be consistent with (=be in agreement with)与…一致. be consistent in一贯的, 149.consult sb. on/ about sth.向…征求…方面的意见,就…向…请教 150.to one's heart's content尽情地,痛痛快快 151.be content with (=be satisfied with)满足于be content to do sth.愿意做某事 152.contrary to (=in opposition to)与…相反 153.on the contrary相反 154.contrast…with把…与…相对(对照) 155.in contrast to/with和…形成对比;by contrast对比之下 156.contribute to有助于 157.under control (被)控制住out of control无法控制 158.at one's convenience (=where and when it suits one)在方便的时间或地点. be convenient to / for对…方便 159.convince sb. of (=cause sb. to believe or feel certain; to persuade sb.)使某人确信, try to persuade sb. to do sth.劝说某人做… 160.cope with (=deal with, try to find a solution to)应付,处理 161.in the corner (of)在角落里; on (at) the comer of a street在街道拐弯处; round the comer拐过弯; be in a tight corner陷入困境 162.correspond (with) (=exchange letters regularly)通信 163.correspond to相当于. correspond with符合,一致 164.at all costs不惜任何代价. at the cost of以…为代价 165.a matter of course理所当然的事 166.as a matter of course当然地,自然地 167.in (during) the course在…过程中 168.in due course (=without too much delay)没经过太久,到一定时候 169.on credit赊购; with credit以优异成绩; to one's credit使某人感到光荣; do sb. 来源：凯程考研集训营，资料获取、课程辅导咨询凯程老师 第 3 页 共 3 页 credit使…感到光荣 170.be critical of爱挑毛病的，批评的 171.cure sb. of+某种疾病治好某人的疾病 172.a danger to对…的危险; be in danger (of)处于…危险中; be out of danger脱离危险 173.to date (=so far, until now)到目前为止 174.out of date过时的;up to date新式的,时兴的; date back to可追溯到; date from从某时期开始(有) 175.deal with (=concern)论及 176.be in debt to sb.欠…的债 177.on the decline在衰退中,在减少中in decline下降; on the increase在增加 178.to one's delight令某人感到高兴;to one's regret遗憾; sorrow悲痛; relief安心; distress苦恼; shame羞愧; surprise惊奇; astonishment惊奇; 179.delight in (=take great pleasure in doing sth.)喜欢,取乐 180.take (a) delight in喜欢干…,以…为乐 181.demand sth. of sb.向某人要求(非物质的)东西. demand sth. from sb.向某人要求(物质的)东西 182.in demand有需求; on demand受到要求时 183.be dependent on依靠 184.deprive sb. of sth.剥夺某人某物 185.derive…from (=obtain…from)从…取得,由…来的. derive from (=come from)起源于 186.despair of (=lose all hope of)绝望 187.in despair绝望 188.despite (=in spite of)不管,尽管 189.in detail详细地 190.deviate from偏离,不按…办 191.on a diet吃某种特殊饮食,节食 192.differ from…in与…的区别在于… 193.in difficulties…有困难,处境困难, 194.discharge sb. (from)…for (=dismiss sb. from a job for)因…解雇,开除 195.fall back (=retreat, turn back)撤退; in disorder慌乱地,狼狈不堪 196.on display (=being shown publicly)陈列 197.dispose of (=get rid of, throw away)处理掉 198.beyond dispute不容争议的,无可争议 199.in dispute在争议中 200.in the distance在远处. make out辩认出