004阅读理解简答题7篇[优质文档]
2004年英语一第四篇阅读解析
题目：2004年英语一第四篇阅读解析一、文章概述：本文是对2004年英语一的第四篇阅读题目进行解析，旨在帮助考生更好地理解文章内容和解题技巧。
二、文章结构分析：1. 第一部分：题目介绍本部分简要介绍了2004年英语一的第四篇阅读题目，包括文章标题、题材和主要内容概述。
2. 第二部分：文章内容解析本部分主要对文章内容进行详细解析，包括文章中涉及的主要观点、论据和结论，并对关键词进行逐一解释和分析。
3. 第三部分：解题技巧共享本部分针对文章所涉及的阅读理解技巧进行分析和共享，包括如何理解题目要求、如何筛选信息、如何提高解题效率等方面的技巧。
4. 第四部分：考点总结本部分总结了本篇阅读文章涉及到的重点考点，对考生进行重点提示和指导，以便他们在考试时能够更好地应对。
三、文章内容解析：1. 文章标题：《XXX》2. 文章题材：XXX3. 主要内容概述：XXX四、解题技巧共享：1. 理解题目要求：对于阅读理解题目，考生首先要明确题目要求，包括阅读目的、解题方法等，这有助于考生更好地把握文章核心内容和思路。
2. 筛选信息：阅读理解题目通常会涉及大量细节信息，考生在解题时应该学会筛选信息，重点关注文章中与题目相关的内容，避免陷入细枝末节的纠缠。
3. 提高解题效率：在考试时，时间通常是紧迫的，考生在解题时应该注重提高解题效率，精准把握题目要点，避免在非重点内容上浪费过多时间。
五、考点总结：1. XXX2. XXX3. XXX六、结语：通过以上对2004年英语一第四篇阅读解析的详细解读，相信考生在备战考试时会更有把握和信心，希望考生能够在考试中取得理想的成绩！七、扩展内容：在解析文章内容时，我们可以进一步分析文章的结构和语言运用，从而帮助考生更好地理解文章，并在考试中更轻松地解答相关问题。
1. 结构分析：在阅读理解题目中，文章的结构通常包括引言、主体和结论三部分。
引言部分是文章的开端，用于引出文章的主题和目的；主体部分是文章的核心内容，包括论点、论据和例证等；结论部分则是对文章内容的总结和归纳。
(完整word版)初中英语阅读理解100篇.
初中英语阅读理解100篇英语阅读理解训练【001】Little Tom down the street calls our dog "The keep dog".Zip is a sheep dog. But when Tom tries to say" Seep", it comes out "keep". And in a way Tom is right. Zip is always bringing things hoem for us to keep! I'll tell you about some of them.Zip's first present was a shoe. It was made of green silk.We didn't know how Zip found the shoe. But after a moment Mary, my big sister, told me the shoe had a strange smell. I nodded(点头and held my nose. "What do you think it is?""It smells like something for cleaning. I think someone tried to clean a spot (污点off the shoe. Then he put it at the door to dry.""Along came Zip. And good-bye shoe!" I said."We should take it back." "We can't ".said my sistter."Maybe little Tom is right," Mary said. "Maybe Zip is a keep dog!"1.The writer and Mary didn't know______.A. what Zip's first present wasB. how Zip carried its first present homeC. who owned Zip's first presentD. what Zip's first present was made of2.Tom calls Zip "the keep dog" because ______.A. the dog likes keeping thingsB. the dog likes playing with shoesC. he doesn't know the dog's nameD. he can't pronounce the word " sheep" well3.What made the shoe strange was ______.A. its colourB. its smellC. its sizeD. that it was a silk one4.The word "keep"in the last sentence means "_____"A. keeping things for itselfB. bringing things for other to keepC. not letting it run aboutD. taking care of a small child5.We can know from the reading that the dog _____.A. likes to give presents to peopleB. has been kept in at the writer's homeC. has brought some troubleD. likes to be called "the keep dog".【002】An old lady in a plane had a blanket（毯子）over her head and she did not want to take it off . The air hostess spoke to her, bu t the old lady said, “I have never been in a plane before , and I am frightened. I am going to keep this blanket over my head until we are back on the ground again !”Then the captain came. He said, “Madam, I am the captain of this plane. The weather is fi ne, there are no clouds in the sky, and everything is going very well. ”But she continued to hide.So the captain turned and started to go back. Then the old lady looked out from under the blanket with one eye and said, “I am sorry, young man, but I don’t like planes and I am never going to fly again. But I’ll say one thing, ”She continued kindly, “You and your wife keep your plane very clean!”1. An old lady had _________ .A. glassesB. a blanket over her headC. a coatD. a basket2. A. She didn’t want t o ________ .A. take it offB. turn it offC. get onD. talk about it3. _________ spoke to her .A. The air hostessB. The man next to herC. her husbandD. one of her friends4. The old lady had never been _________ before .A. abroadB. homeC. in a planeD. in hospital5. The woman didn’t like planes and she was never going ________ .A. to fly againB. to travelC. to go abroadD. to go home【003】Dick lived in England. One day in January he said to his wife, "I'm going to fly to New York next week because I've got some work there." "Where are you going to stay there?" his wife asked. "I don't know yet." Dick answered. "Pleasesend me your address from there in a telegram (电报," his wife said. "All right," Dick answered.He flew to New York on January 31st and found a nice hotel in the center of the city. He put his things in his room and then he sent his wife a telegram. He put the address of his hotel in it.In the evening he didn't have any work, so he went to a cinema. He came out at nine o'clock and said, "Now I'm going back to my hotel and have a nice dinner."He found a taxi (出租车 and the driver said, "Where do you want to go?" But Dick didn't remember the name and address of his hotel."Which hotel are my things in?" he said, "And what am I going to do tonight?" But the driver of the taxi did not know. So Dick got out and went into a post office. There he sent his wife another telegram, and in it he wrote, "Please send me my address at this post office."Choose the right answer1. Dick flew to New York because ___.A. he went there for a holidayB. he had work thereC. he went there for sightseeing (观光D. his home was there2. Why did his wife want a telegram from him?A. Because she didn't know his address yetB. Because she wanted to go to New York, tooC. Because she might send him another telegramD. Because she couldn't leave her husband by himself in New York3. Where did Dick stay in New York?A. In the center of the city.B. In a hotel.C. In a restaurant.D. At his friend's house.4. Who would send him the name and address of his hotel?A. The manager (经理 of his hotel.B. The police office.C. The taxi driver.D. His wife.5. Which of the following is not true?A. Dick stayed at a nice hotel in the center of the city.B. Dick didn't work on the first night of his arrival.C. Dick forgot to send his wife a telegram.D. Dick wanted to go back to his hotel in a taxi.【004】Bob and Jim once worked in the same factory. One day, Bob lent Jim ten dollars, but then Jim left his work and went to work in another town without paying back the money.Bob didn't see Jim for a year, and then he knew from another friend that Jim was in another town and staying at a hotel. So he went there to see him late in the evening.When he got to Jim's room, he saw his shoes near the door. "Well, he must be in," he thought, and knocked again, and said, "I know you are in, Jim. Your shoes are out here.""I've gone out in my boots," answered Jim.True or False1. Bob and Jim once worked in different factories.2. One day Jim borrowed ten dollars from Bob.3. Jim paid back the money to Bob and went to work in another town later.4. Bob hadn't seen Jim for a year when he learned that Jim was in another town.【005】I think the most terrible thing in life for my little brother is getting up in the morning. He is almost sick when my mother calls, "Herbert! It's seven o'clock! Get up!"Herbert answers, "I'm coming!" and goes right back to sleep. I'm not at all like my brother. I don't like to go to bed at night but I don't mind getting up in the morning. I usually wake up before my mother calls me. I jump out of bed and go into the bathroomto take a shower. I get dressed, brush my teeth, comb my hair, and get ready to go downstairs for breakfast as soon as my mother calls. But not Herbert. He just sleeps. A military band (军乐队 in our bedroom could not wake him up. I call him and say, "Get up! Mum will be up here to pull you out of bed if you don't get up immediately!"But he just sleeps. After calling a few more times my mother has to come upstairs and pull Herbert out of bed. It's that way every day with my little brother. Perhaps some day he'll learn to get up on time, but I really don't think so.True or False1. The most terrible thing in life for my little brother is going to school.2. I'm not like my brother because I like to go to bed early at night and get up earlyin the morning.3. I usually jump out of bed and go into the bathroom for a shower before my mother calls.4. When mother calls, Herbert doesn't answer and remains in bed.5. My mother often has to go upstairs and pull Herbert out of bed as he refuses to get up.6. Sometimes we have to send for a military band to wake Herbert up.7. The writer thinks some day Herbert will learn to get up on time.【006】In England, people often talk about the weather because they can experience (经历four seasons in one day. In the morning the weather is warm just like in spring. An hour later black clouds come and then it rains hard. The weather gets a little cold. In the late afternoon the sky will be sunny, the sun will begin to shine, and it will be summer at this time of a day.In England, people can also have summer in winter, or have winter in summer. So in winter they can swim sometimes, and in summer sometimes they should take warm clothes.When you go to England, you will see that some English people usually take an umbrella (伞or a raincoat with them in the sunny morning, but you should not laugh at them.If you don't take an umbrella or a raincoat, you will regret (后悔 later in the day.1. Why do people in England often talk about the weather?A. Because they may have four seasons in one dayB. Because they often have very good weatherC. Because the weather is warm just like in springD. Because the sky is sunny all day2. From the story we know that when _________come, there is a heavy rain.A. sunshine and snowB. black cloudsC. summer and winterD. spring and autumn3. "People can also have summer in winter." Means "it is sometimes too ______in winter."A. warmB. coolC. coldD. rainy4. In the sunny morning some English people usually take a raincoat or an umbrella with them because ________.A. their friends ask them to do soB. it often rains in EnglandC. they are going to sell themD. they are their favourite things5. The best title (标题for this passage is ________.A. Bad SeasonsB. Summer or WinterC. The Weather in EnglandD. Strange English People【007】Mr Brown was going away for a week. Before he left, he said to his son, "if anyone asks for me, you can tell him that your father has been out for doing something, and will be back in a week, then be sure to ask him to sit down for a cup of tea.""OK, Dad," said his son. But he was afraid his son couldn't remember this, he wrote these words down on a piece of paper and gave it to him. His son put it into his small pocket, took it out and looked at it every now and then.Four days passed, but no one came to see his father. The boy thought that there was no man to come and that the piece of paper was of no more use for him, so he burnt it that evening.The next afternoon, someone knocked at the door. The boy opened it. A man was standing at the door and said, "Where is your father?" The boy put his hand into his pocket at once and looked for the piece of paper. He could not find it. He suddenly remembered he had burnt it, so he shouted, "No more." The man was very surprised. He asked, "No more? I met your father last week. When did it happen?""Burnt yesterday evening."1. Mr Brown told his son that _____.A. he would be away from home for four daysB. he would be back in seven daysC. he would be back in a monthD. he liked a cup of tea2. Mr Brown wrote the words down on ________.A. the wallB. the doorC. a piece of paperD. his son's pocket3. A man came to visit the boy's father on ________.A. the second dayB. the third dayC. the fourth dayD. the fifth day4. The man was very surprised because _________.A. he thought the child's father was deadB. the child didn't ask him to sit downC. the child gave him a cup of teaD. he couldn't find that piece of paper5. What was burnt? ___________.A. The piece of paperB. Mr SmithC. The visitorD. The boy【008】One of the things to be learnt in a foreign language is guessing all the time what kind of thing to come when listening to someone talking. People do this all the time in their own language, so it is necessary (必要的 to do this in a foreign language, too. Here are some examples.1. "What's the matter？" "I went to a party last night, so I…"2. "I feel so tired these days."" I think you'd better…"3."Of course, she never stops talking. She is one of the most…"You can see from the above three examples that the context (上下文 helps a lot in understanding what is being talked about. So "guessing "is very important in understanding English, especially (尤其spoken English.1.This passage tells us mainly about _________.A. the importance of "guessing " in learning a foreign languageB. how to guess what one is going to talk aboutC. some examples of right guessingD. how important it is to guess all the time2.from the context, we can see maybe the finished answer in EXAMPLE I is_________.A. "… so I didn't have a good time."B. "…so I went to bed very late."C. "…. So I felt unhappy."D. "… so I got up very early."3. Maybe the finished answer in EXAMPLE 2 is ________.A. "I think you'd better have a good rest and take good care of yourself."B. "I think you'd better have something to drink."C. "I think you'd better get some help from your friends."D. "I think you'd better be more careful."4. Maybe the finished answer in EXAMPLE 3 is ______.A. "… she is one of the most famous film stars."B. "…she is one of the most beautiful women."C. "… she is one of the most famous speakers."D. " .. she is one of the most talkative women."5. From the passage we can infer (推断 that guessing is _______in learning a foreign language.A. the only wayB. more important in spoken English than in written EnglishC. more important than any other wayD. more important in written English than in spoken English【009】Uncle Li and Uncle Wang are good friends. They live next to each other and their farms are both at the foot of the mountain. So they can help each other. But neither of them likes to use his head. They're both poor though they work hard. Most villagers have built new houses, but they still live in the low and broken houses. They never find out why.Once Uncle Li went to town to buy some medicine for his wife. In the town he heard the apples in a city were expensive. He told Uncle Wang about it as soon as he went back. They decided to carry some apples to the city. They borrowed some money from their friends and bought nearly 1,000 kilograms of apples in the villages and carried them to the city on a tractor. Bad luck! A lot of apples has already been carried there when they arrived. A few days later they had to sell them at a low price (价格。
英语四级阅读理解考前必练及答案
英语四级阅读理解考前必练及答案Method of Scientific InquiryWhy the inductive and mathematical sciences, after their first rapid development at theculmination of Greek civilization, advanced so slowly for two thousand years—and why in thefollowing two hundred years a knowledge of natural and mathematical science has accumulated,which so vastly exceeds all that was previously known that these sciences may be justlyregarded as the products of our own times—are questions which have interested the modernphilosopher not less than the objects with which these sciences are more immediatelyconversant. Was it the employment of a new method of research, or in the exercise of greatervirtue in the use of the old methods, that this singular modern phenomenon had its origin?Was the long period one of arrested development, and is the modern era one of normal growth?Or should we ascribe the characteristics of both periods to so-called historical accidents—tothe influence of conjunctions in circumstances of which no explanation is possible, save in theomnipotence and wisdom of a guiding Providence?The explanation which has become commonplace, that the ancients employed deductionchiefly in their scientific inquiries, while the moderns employ induction, proves to be toonarrow, and fails upon close examination to point with sufficient distinctness the contrastthat is evident between ancient and modern scientific doctrines and inquiries. For all knowledgeis founded on observation, and proceeds from this by analysis, by synthesis and analysis,by induction anddeduction, and if possible by verification, or by new appeals toobservation under the guidance of deduction—by steps which are indeed correlative parts ofone method; and the ancient sciences afford examples of every one of these methods, or partsof one method, which have been generalized from the examples of science.A failure to employ or to employ adequately any one of these partial methods, animperfection in the arts and resources of observation and experiment, carelessness inobservation, neglect of relevant facts, by appeal to experiment and observation—these arethe faults which cause all failures to ascertain truth, whether among the ancients or themoderns; but this statement does not explain why the modern is possessed of a greatervirtue, and by what means he attained his superiority. Much less does it explain the suddengrowth of science in recent times.The attempt to discover the explanation of this phenomenon in the antithesis of “facts” and“theories” or “facts” and “ideas”—in the neglect among the ancients of the former, and their tooexclusive attention to the latter—proves also to be too narrow, as well as open to the charge ofvagueness. For in the first place, the antithesis is not complete. Facts and theories are notcoordinate species. Theories, if true, are facts—a particular class of facts indeed, generallycomplex, and if a logical connection subsists between their constituents, have all the positiveattributes of theories.Nevertheless, this distinction, however inadequate it may be to explain the source of truemethod in science, is well founded, and connotes an important character in truemethod. A factis a proposition of simple. A theory, on the other hand, if true has all the characteristics of afact, except that its verification is possible only by indirect, remote, and difficult means. Toconvert theories into facts is to add simple verification, and the theory thus acquires the fullcharacteristics of a fact.1. The title that best expresses the ideas of thispassage is[A]. Philosophy of mathematics. [B]. The RecentGrowth in Science.[C]. The Verification of Facts. [C]. Methods of Scientific Inquiry.2. According to the author, one possible reason for the growth of science during thedays of the ancient Greeks and in modern times is[A]. the similarity between the two periods.[B]. that it was an act of God.[C]. that both tried to develop the inductive method.[D]. due to the decline of the deductive method.3. The difference between “fact” and “theory”[A]. is that the latter needs confirmation.[B]. rests on the simplicity of the former.[C]. is the difference between the modern scientists and the ancient Greeks.[D]. helps us to understand the deductive method.4. According to the author, mathematics is[A]. an inductive science. [B]. in need of simple verification.[C]. a deductive science. [D]. based on fact and theory.5. The statement “Theories are facts” may be called.[A]. a metaphor. [B]. a paradox.[C]. an appraisal of the inductive and deductive methods.[D]. a pun.词汇1. inductive 归纳法induction n.归纳法2. deductive 演绎法 deduction n 演绎法3. culmination 到达顶/极点4. conversant (with) 熟悉的，精通的5. exercise 运用，实行，执行仪式singular 卓越的，非凡的，独一无二的6. conjunction 结合，同时发生7. omnipotence 全能，无限权/威力8. Providence (大写)指上帝，天道，天令9. commonplace 平凡的，陈腐的10. inquiry 调查，探究(真理，知识等)11. doctrine 教义，学说，讲义12. correlative 相互关联的13. antithesis 对立面，对偶(修辞学中)，对句14. coordinate 同等的，并列的15. subsist 生存，维持生活16. attribute 特征，属性17. connote 意味着，含蓄(指词内涵)长句解析1. Why the inductive and mathematical sciences,after their first rapid development at theculmination of Greek civilization, advanced soslowly for two thousand years are questions whichhave interested the modern philosopher not less thanthe objects with which these sciences are more immediately conversant.[结构简析] 破折号后面的内容(见难句译注2)先撇开。
大学英语四级考试阅读理解练习20篇
大学英语四级考试阅读理解练习20篇大学英语四级考试阅读理解练习20篇大学英语四级考试阅读理解练习20篇When one looks back upon the fifteen hundred years that are the life span of the English language, he should be able to notice a number of significant truths. The history of our language has always been a history of constant change—at times a slow, almost imperceptible change, at other times a violent collision between two languages. Our language has always been a living growing organism, it has never been static. Another significant truth that emerges from such a study is that language at all times has been the possession not of one class or group but of many. 『At one extreme it has been the property of the common, ignorant folk, who have used it in the daily business of their living, much as they have used their animals or the kitchen pots and pans.』①At the other extreme it has been the treasure of those who have respected it as an instrument and a sign of civilization, and who have struggled by writing it down to give it some permanence, order, dignity, and if possible, a little beauty.As we consider our changing language, we should note here two developments that are of special and immediate importance to us. One is that since the time of the Anglo-Saxons there has been an almost complete reversal of the different devices for showing the relationship of words in a sentence. Anglo-Saxon (old English) was a language of many inflections. Modern English has few inflections. We must now depend largely on word order and function words to convey the meanings that the older language did by means of changes in the formsof words. Function words, you should understand, are words such as prepositions, conjunctions, and a few others that are used primarily to show relationships among other words. A few inflections, however, have survived. And when some word inflections come into conflict with word order, there may be trouble for the users of the language, as we shall seelater when we turn our attention to such maters as WHO or WHOM and ME or I. The second fact we must consider is that as language itself changes, our attitudes toward language forms change also. 『The eighteenth century, for example, produced from various sources a tendency to fix the language into patterns not always set in and grew, until at the present time there is a strong tendency to restudy andre-evaluate language practices in terms of the ways in which people speak and write.』②1.In contrast to the earlier linguists, modern linguists tend to .A. attempt to continue the standardization of the languageB. evaluate language practices in terms of current speech rather than standards or proper patternsC. be more concerned about the improvement of the language than its analysis or historyD. be more aware of the rules of the language usage 2.Choose the appropriate meaning for the word “inflection” used in line 4 of paragraph 2.A. Changes in the forms of words.B. Changes in sentence structures.C. Changes in spelling rules.D. Words that have similar meanings.3.Which of the following statements is not mentioned in the passage? A. It is generally believed that the year 1500 can be set as the beginning of the modern English language.B. Some other languages had great influence on the English language at some stages of its development.C. The English language has been and still in a state of relatively constant change.D. Many classes or groups have contributed to the development of the English language.4. The author of these paragraphs is probably a(an) .A. historianB. philosopherC. anthropologistD. linguist5.Which of the following can be best used as the title of the passage? A. The history of the English language.B. Our changing attitude towards the English language.C. Our changing language.D. Some characteristics of modern English.Vocabulary1. span n. 跨度，范围，一段时间，期间。
大学英语专业四级阅读理解模拟试题(含答案)(04)
PART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.TEXT ARacket, din clamor, noise, whatever you want to call it, unwanted sound is America's most widespread nuisance. But noise is more than just a nuisance. It constitutes a real and present danger to people's health. Day and night, at home, at work, and at play, noise can produce serious physical and psychological stress. No one is immune to this stress. Though we seem to adjust to noise by ignoring it, the ear, in fact, never closes and the body still responds—sometimes with extreme tension, as to a strange sound in the night.The annoyance we feel when faced with noise is the most common outward symptom of the stress building up inside us. Indeed, because irritability is so apparent, legislators have made public annoyance the basis of many noise abatement programs. The more subtle and more serious health hazards associated with stress caused by noise traditionally have been given much less attention. Nevertheless, when we are annoyed or made irritable by noise, we should consider these symptoms fair warning that other thing may be happening to us, some of which may be damaging to our health.Of many health hazards to noise, hearing loss is the most clearly observable and measurable by health professionals. The other hazards are harder to pin down. For many of us, there may be a risk that exposure to the stress of noise increases susceptibility to disease and infection. The more susceptible among us may experience noise as a complicating factor in heart problems and other diseases. Noise that causes annoyance and irritability in health persons may have serious consequences for these already ill in mind or body.Noise affects us throughout our lives. For example, there are indications of effects on the unborn child when mothers are exposed to industrial and environmental noise. During infancy and childhood, youngsters exposed to high noise levels may have trouble falling asleep and obtaining necessary amounts of rest.Why, then, is there not greater alarm about these dangers? Perhaps it is because the link between noise and many disabilities or diseases has not yet been conclusively demonstrated. Perhaps it is because we tend to dismiss annoyance as a price to pay for living in the modern world. It may also be because we still think of hearing loss as only an occupational hazard.1.In Paragraph 1, the phrase "immune to" are used to mean ___.A.unaffected byB.hurt byC.unlikely to be seen byD.unknown by2.The author's attitude toward noise would best be described as ___.A.unrealisticB.traditionalC.concernedD.hysterical3.Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage?A.Noise is a major problem; most people recognize its importance.B.Although noise can be annoying, it is not a major problem.C.Noise is a major problem and has not yet been recognized as such.D.Noise is a major problem about which nothing can be done.4.The author condemns noise essentially because it ___.A.is against the lawB.can make some people irritableC.is a nuisanceD.in a ganger to people's health5.The author would probably consider research about the effects noise has on people to be ___.A.unimportantB.impossible.C.a waste of moneyD.essentialTEXT BWhat we know of prenatal development makes all this attempt made by a mother to mold the character of her unborn child by studying poetry, art, or mathematics during pregnancy seem utterly impossible. How could such extremely complex influences pass from the mother to the child? There is no connection between their nervous systems. Even the blood vessels of mother and child do not join directly. An emotional shock to the mother will affect her child, because it changes the activity of her glands and so the chemistry her blood. Any chemical change in the mother's blood will affect the child for better or worse. But we can not see how a looking for mathematics or poetic genius can be dissolved in blood and produce a similar liking or genius in the child.In our discussion of instincts we saw that there was reason to believe that whatever we inherit must be of some very simple sort rather than any complicated or very definite kind of behavior. It is certain that no one inherits a knowledge of mathematics. It may be, however, that children inherit more or less of a rather general ability that we may call intelligence. If very intelligent children become deeply interested in mathematics, they will probably make a success of that study.As for musical ability, it may be that what is inherited is an especially sensitive ear, a peculiar structure of the hands or the vocal organs connections between nerves and muscles that make it comparatively easy to learn the movements a musician must execute, and particularly vigorous emotions. If these factors are all organized around music, the child may become a musician. The same factors, in other circumstance might be organized about some other center of interest. The rich emotional equipment might find expression in poetry. The capable fingers might develop skill in surgery. It is not the knowledge of music that is inherited, then nor even the love of it, but a certain bodily structure that makes it comparatively easy to acquire musical knowledge and skill. Whether that ability shall be directed toward music or some other undertaking may be decided entirely by forces in the environment in which a child grows up.6.Which of the following statements is not true?A. Some mothers try to influence their unborn children by studying art and other subjects during theirpregnancy.B. It is utterly impossible for us to learn anything about prenatal development.C. The blood vessels of mother and child do not join directly.D. There are no connection between mother's nervous systems and her unborn child's.7. A mother will affect her unborn baby on the condition that ____.A. she is emotionally shockedB.she has a good knowledge of inheritanceC. she takes part in all kind of activitiesD. she sticks to studying8.According to the passage, a child may inherit____.A. everything from his motherB. a knowledge of mathematicsC. a rather general ability that we call intelligenceD. her mother's musical ability9.If a child inherits something from his mother, such as an especially sensitive ear, a peculiar structure of thehands or of the vocal organs, he will ____.A. surely become musicianB. mostly become a poetC. possibly become a teacherD. become a musician on the condition that all these factors are organized around music10.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Role of Inheritance.B. An Unborn Child.C. Function of instincts.D. Inherited Talents.TEXT CThere are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably , some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of environment in which he is brought up. If an individual is handicapped(不利) environmentally, it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.The importance of environment in determining an individual's intelligence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster(抚养) homes. Peter was raised by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational opportunities. Mark was reared in the home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child, sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually. This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were given tests to measure their intelligence. Mark's I. Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities, the twins, having identical brains, would have tested at roughly the same level.11.This selection can best be titled____________.A. Measuring Your IntelligenceB. Intelligence and EnvironmentC. The Case of Peter and MarkD. How the Brain Influences Intelligence12.The best statement of the main idea of this passage is that _______.A. human brains differ considerablyB. the brain a person is born with is important in determining his intelligenceC. environment is crucial in determining a person's intelligenceD. persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence13.According to the passage, the average I. Q. is_______.A. 85 .B. 100C. 110D. 12514.The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that_______.A. individuals with identical brains seldom test at the same levelB. an individual's intelligence is determined only by his environmentC. lack of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligenceD. changes of environment produce changes in the structure of the brain15.This passage suggests that an individual's I. Q. _______.A. can be predicted at birthB. stays the same throughout his lifeC. can be increased by educationD. is determined by his childhoodTEXT DPersonality is，to large extent, inherent --A-type parents usually bring about A-type offspring. But the environment must also have a profound effect, since if competition is improtant to the parents, it is likely to become a major factor lives of their children.One place where children soak up A characteristics is school, which is, by its very nature, a highly competitive institution. Too many schools adopt the "win at all costs" moral standard and measure their success by sporting achievements. The current passion for making children compete against their classmates or against the clock produces a two-layer system, in which competitive A types seem in some way better than their B-type fellows. Being too keen to win can have dangerous consequences:remember that Pheidippides ,the first marathon runner, dropped dead seconds after saying:"Rejoice, we conquer!".By far the worst form of competition in school is the disproportionate emphasis on examinations . It is a rare school that allows pupils to concentrate on those things they do well.The merits of competition by examination are somewhat questionable, but competition in the certain knowledge of failure is positively harmful.Obviously, it is neither practical nor desirable that all A youngsters change into 'B's. The would needs types, and schools have an important duty to try to fit a child's personality to his possible future employment. It is top management.16.According to the author, what factors contribute to the building of personality?A. inheritanceb. inheritance, competition and environmentc. competitiond. environment17.Which of the following statements is not true according to the author of the passage?A.Schools usually adopt severe competitive policies.B. Students are often divided by competition results.C. School is place where children cultivate their characteristics.D. The stronger desire for winning, the better.18.The phrase "soak up" is closest in meaning to ____.A. pull upb. take upc. take ind. pull in19.What attitude does the author hold toward examinations in schools?A. positiveb. negativec. doubtfuld. neutral20.what suggestion does the author make concerning the management of schools?A. All students be made into competitive A types.B. A child's personality be considered in regard to his possible future job.C. All students be changed into B characteristics.D. Schools abolish all forms of examinations.答案： 1-5 ACCDD 6-10 BACDA 11-15 B C B C C 16-20 BDCCB。
04年考研英语一阅读
04年考研英语一阅读在2004年的考研英语一考试中，阅读理解部分无疑是整个试卷中最具挑战性的部分之一。
它不仅考察了考生的词汇量和语法知识，还考察了他们对文章主旨的理解能力、推理判断能力以及对细节的把握能力。
这一年的阅读理解题目涉及了多个领域，包括社会问题、科学研究、文化教育等，内容广泛，形式多样。
首先，考生需要快速浏览文章，抓住文章的主旨大意。
这通常可以通过阅读文章的首段和末段来实现，因为这两个部分往往包含了文章的核心观点。
在2004年的考试中，有一篇文章讨论了全球化对本土文化的影响，首段就明确提出了这一主题，为理解全文打下了基础。
其次，考生需要对文章的细节进行仔细阅读，尤其是那些与题目直接相关的句子和段落。
在这一年的考试中，有一道题目要求考生找出文章中提到的一个具体实验的结果。
这就需要考生在阅读时留意实验的描述，并在理解实验的基础上，准确找出实验结果。
此外，推理判断也是阅读理解中不可或缺的一部分。
考生需要根据文章提供的信息，推断出作者的意图、文章的隐含意义或是作者未明确表述的观点。
例如，2004年的阅读理解中有一篇文章讨论了网络对人际关系的影响，虽然作者没有直接表达自己的观点，但是通过分析文章中的论据和例证，考生可以推断出作者对网络社交持谨慎态度。
最后，考生在回答问题时，需要确保答案的准确性和完整性。
这意味着不仅要理解文章的内容，还要能够准确地表达自己的观点。
在这一年的考试中，有一道题目要求考生总结文章的主旨，这就要求考生不仅要理解文章的大意，还要能够用简洁明了的语言表达出来。
总的来说，2004年的考研英语一阅读理解部分是对考生英语综合运用能力的一次全面考察。
通过有效的阅读策略和扎实的语言基础，考生可以更好地应对这一挑战，取得理想的成绩。
2020年大学英语四级阅读理解练习题及解析（7）
2020年大学英语四级阅读理解练习题及解析（7）2020年大学英语四级阅读理解练习题及解析(7)“With the increase in the number of such advertisements, however, each advertiser within a certain group is competing with others in the same group for the reader’s attention”，故选项D准确。
Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to old cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and, argue that rewards can improve performance at work and school. Some other researchers who study various aspects of mental life, maintain those rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on approval and gifts from others.The latter view has gained many supporters, especially among educators. But the careful use of small monetary rewards sparks in grade-school children suggesting that properly presented inducements indeed aid inventiveness, according to a study in the June Journal Personality and Social Psychology.“If they know they're working for a reward and can focus on a relatively challenging task, they show the mostcreativ ity,” says Robert Esenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. “But it's easy to kill creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation for rewards.”A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands out high grades for ordinary achievement ends up with uninspired students, Esenberger holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at majoruniversities to tighten grading standards and restore falling grades.In earlier grades, the use of so-called token economics, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points toward valued rewards, shows promise in raising effort and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims.1. Psychologists are divided with regard to their attitudes toward ____.A) the choice between spiritual encouragement and monetary rewardsB) the appropriate amount of external rewardsC) the study of relationship between actions andD) the effects of external rewards on students' performance2. What is the view held by many educators concerning external rewards for students?A) They approve of external rewards.B) They don't think external rewards.C) They have doubts about external rewards.D) They believe external rewards can motivate small children, but not college students.3. According to the result of the study mentioned in the passage, what should educators do to stimulate motivation and creativity?A) Give rewards for performances which deserve them.B) Always promise rewards.C) Assign tasks which are not very challenging.D) Be more lenient to students when mistakes are made.4. It can be inferred from the passage that major universities are trying to tighten their grading standards because they believe ____.A) rewarding poor performance may kill the creativity ofstudents’B) punishment is more effective than rewardingC) failing uninspired students helps improve their overall academic standardsD) discouraging the students anticipation for easy rewards is matter of urgency5.Which of the following facts about “token economics” is not correct?A) Students are assigned challenging tasks.B) Rewards are given for good performances.C) Students are evaluated according to the effort they put into the task.D) With token economics, students’ creativity can be enhanced.答案与解析：1. D心理学家认为外界的奖励对学生会有不同的影响。
英语四级阅读试题库含答案解析
英语四级阅读题库含答案解析1.Passage OneGlobal warming may or may not be the great environmental crisis of the 21 st century,but regardless of whether it is or isn ’t –we won ’t do much about it. We will argue overit and may even, as a nation, make some fairly solemn-sounding commitments to avoidit. But the more dramatic and meaningful these commitments seem, the less likely theyare to be observed.Al Gore calls global warming an “inconvenient truth, ”as if merely recognizing it could put us on a path to a solution. But the real truth is that we don ’t know enough torelieve global warming, and –without major technological breakthroughs —wecan ’t domuch about it.From 2003 to 2050, the world ’s population is projected to grow from 6.4 billion to9.1billion, a 42% increase. If energy use per person and technology remain the same, total energy use and greenhouse gas emissions (mainly, CO2) will be 42% higher in 2050. butthat ’s too low, because societies that grow richer use more energy. We need economic growth unless we condemn the world ’s poor to their present poverty and freezeeveryone else‘s living standards. With modest growth, energy use and greenhouse emissions more than double by 2050.No government will adopt rigid restrictions on economic growth andpersonalfreedom (limits on electricity usage, driving and travel) that might cut back globalwarming. Still, politicians want to show they ’re “doing something. ”Consider the KyotoProtocol (京都议定书). It allowed countries that joined to punish those that didn ’t. But ithasn ’t reduced CO2 emissions (up about 25% since 1990), and many signatories (签字国) didn ’t adopt tough enough policies to hit their 2008-2012 targets.The practical conclusion is that if global warming is a potential disaster, the onlysolution is new technology. Only an aggressive research and development programmight find ways of breaking dependence on fossil fuels or dealing with it.The trouble with the global warming debate is that it has become a moral problem whenit ’s really an engineering one. The inconvenient truth is that if we don ’t solve theengineering problem, we ’re helpless.57. What is said about global warming in the first paragraph?A) It may not prove an environmental B) It is an issue requiring world widecrisis at all. commitments.C) Serious steps have been taken to avoid D) Very little will be done to bring it under or stop it. control.58. According to the author ’s understanding, what is Al Gore ’s view on global warming?A) It is a reality both people and politicians are unaware of.B) It is a phenomenon that causes us many inconveniences.C) It is a problem that can be solved once it is recognized.D) It is an area we actually have little knowledge about.59. Green house emissions will more than double by 2050 because of _______.A) economic growth C) wasteful use of energyB) the widening gap between the rich and D) the rapid advances of science andpoor technology60. The author believes that, since the signing of the Kyoto Protocol, ________.A) politicians have started to do something to better the situationB) few nations have adopted real tough measures to limit energy useC) reductions in energy consumption have greatly cut back global warmingD) international cooperation has contributed to solving environmental problems61. What is the message the author intends to convey?A) Global warming is more of a moral issue than a practical one.B) The ultimate solution to global warming lies in new technologyC) The debate over global warming will lead to technological breakthroughs.D) People have to give up certain material comforts to stop global warming.Passage TwoSomeday a stranger will read your e-mail without your permission or scan theWebsites you ’ve visited. Or perhaps someone will casually glance through your creditcard purchase or cell phone bills to find out your shopping preferences or calling habits.In fact, it ’s likely some of these things have already happened to you. Who wouldwatch you without your permission? It might be a spouse, a girlfriend, a marketingcompany, a boss, a cop or a criminal. Whoever it is, they will see you in a way you never intended to be seen —the 21 st century equivalent of being caught naked.Psychologists tell us boundaries are healthy, that it ’s important to reveal yourself to friends, family and lovers in stages, at appropriate times. But few boundaries remain. The digital bread crumbs ( 碎屑) you leave everywhere make it easy for strangers toreconstruct who you are, where you are and what you like. In some cases, a simpleGoogle search can reveal what you think. Like it or not, increasingly we live in a world where you simple cannot keep a secret.The key question is: Does that matter?When opinion polls ask Americans about privacy, most say they are concerned about losing it. A survey found an overwhelming pessimism about privacy, with 60 percent of respondents saying they feel their privacy is “slipping away, and that bothersme. ”But people say one thing and do another. Only a tiny fraction of Americans changeany behaviors in an effort to preserve their privacy. Few people turn down a discount at tollbooths (收费站) to avoid using the EZ-Pass system that can track automobilemovements. And few turn down supermarket loyalty cards. Privacy economistAlessandro Acquisti has run a series of tests that reveal people will surrender personal information like Social Security numbers just to get their hands on a pitiful 50-cents-off coupon (优惠券).But privacy does matter –at least sometimes. It ’s like health: When you have it, youdon ’t notice it. Only when it ’s gone do you wish you ’d done more to protect it. 62. What does the author mean by saying “the 21 st century equivalent of being caught naked ”(Lines 3-4, Para.2)?A) People ’s personal information is easily accessed without their knowledge.B) In the 21 st century people try every means to look into others ’secrets.C) People tend to be more frank with each other in the information age.D) Criminals are easily caught on the spot with advanced technology.63. What would psychologists advise on the relationships between friends?A) Friends should open their hearts to C) There should be a distance eveneach other. between friends.B) Friends should always be faithful to D) There should be fewer disputeseach other. between friends.64. Why does the author say “we live in a world where you simple cannot keep a secret ”(Line 5, Para.3)?A) Modern society has finally evolved into an open society.B) People leave traces around when using modern technology.C) There are always people who are curious about others ’affairs.D) Many search engines profit by revealing people ’s identities.65. What do most Americans do with regard to privacy protection?A) They change behaviors that might disclose their identity.B) They use various loyalty cards for business transactions.C) They rely more and more on electronic D) They talk a lot but hardly do anything devices. about it.66. According to the passage, privacy is like health in that ________.A) people will make every effort to keep itwoman.B) its importance is rarely understoodThere are many reasons forC) it is something that can easily be lostD) people don ’t cherish it until they lose itthis-typically, men take more risks thanwoman and are more likely to drink andsmoke but perhaps more importantly,men don ’t go to the doctor.“Men aren ’t seeing doctors as often2.Passage Oneas they should, ”says Dr. Gullotta, “This Questions 57 to 61 are based on theis particularly so for the over-40s,when following passage.diseases tend to strike. ”If you are a male and you are readingGullotta says a healthy man should this ,congratulations: you are avisit the doctor every year or two. For survivor .According to statistics .you arethose over 45,it should be at least once a more than twice as likely to die of skinyear.cancer than a woman ,and nine timesTwo months ago Gullotta saw a more likely to die of AIDS. Assuming you50-year-old ma who had delayed doing make it to the end of your natural term,anything about his smoker ’s cough for a about 78 years for men in Australia, youyear.will die on average five years before a“When I finally saw him it had alreadyspread and he has since died from lung Regular check-ups for men wouldcancer ”he says, “Earlier detection and inevitably place strain on the public purse,treatment may not have cured him, but it Cartmill says. ”But prevention is cheaperwould have prolonged this life ”in the long run than having to treat theAccording to a recent survey, 95%of diseases. Besides, the ultimate cost is farwomen aged between 15 and early 40s greater: it is called prematuredeath. ”see a doctor once a year, compared to 57.Why does the author congratulate his70% of men in the same age group. male readers at the beginning of the“A lot of men think they are invincible passage?（不可战胜的）”Gullotta says “They only A. They are more likely to survive seriouscome in when a friend drops dead on the diseases today.golf course and they think ”Geez, if it B. Their average life span has beencould happen to him. considerably extended.Then there is the ostrich approach, ” C. They have lived long enough to readsome men are scared of what might be this article.there and would rather not know, ”says D. They are sure to enjoy a longer andDr. Ross Cartmill. happier live.“Most men get their cars serviced 58.What does the author state is the mostmore regularly than they service their important reason men die five yearsbodies, ”Cartmill says .He believes most earlier on average than women?diseases that commonly affect men could A. men drink and smoke much more than be addressed by preventive check-ups. womenB. men don ’t seek medical care as often disease because of fearas women 61. What does Cartmill say about regularC. men aren ’t as cautions as women in check-ups for men?face of danger A.They may increase public expensesD. men are more likely to suffer from fatal B.They will save money in the long rundiseases C.They may cause psychological strains on59. Which of the following best completes menthe sentence “Geez, if it could happen to D.They will enable men to live as long as him ⋯’(line2,para,8)? womenA. it could happen to me, too Passage TwoB. I should avoid playing golf Questions 62 to 66 are based on theC. I should consider myself lucky following passage.D. it would be a big misfortune High-quality customer serviceis60what does Dr. Ross Cartmill mean by preached( 宣扬)by many ,but actually“the ostrich approach ”(line q para.9) keeping customers happy is easier saidA. a casual attitude towards one ’s health than doneconditions Shoppers seldom complain to theB. a new therapy for certain psychological manager or owner of a retail store, butproblems instead will alert their friends, relatives,C. refusal to get medical treatment for fear co-workers, strangers-and anyone whoof the pain involved will listen.D. unwillingness to find out about one ’s Store managers are often the last tohear complaints, and often find out only include filled parking lots, cluttered (塞满when their regular customers decide t 了的) shelves, overloaded racks,frequent their competitors, according to a out-of-stock items, long check-out lines,study jointly conducted by Verde group and rude salespeople.and Wharton school During peak shopping hours, some“Storytelling hurts retailers and retailers solved the parking problems byentertains consumers, ”said Paula getting moonlighting （业余兼职的）localCourtney, President of the Verde group. ”police to work as parking attendants.the store loses the customer, but the Some hired flag wavers to directshopper must also find a replacement. ”customers to empty parking spaces. ThisOn average, every unhappy customer guidance eliminated the needforwill complain to at least four other, and customers to circle the parking lotwill no longer visit the specific store for endlessly, and avoided confrontationevery dissatisfied customer, a store will between those eyeing the same parkinglose up to three more due to negative space.reviews. The resulting “snowball effect ”Retailers can relieve the headaches bycan be disastrous to retailers. redesigning store layouts, pre-stockingAccording to the research, shoppers sales items, hiring speedy andwho purchased clothing encountered the experienced cashiers, and having salesmost problems. ranked second and third representatives on hand to answerwere grocery and electronics customers. questions.The most common complaints Most importantly, salespeople shouldbe diplomatic and polite with angry them.customers. C Few customers believe the service will“Retailers who ’re responsive and be improved.friendly are more likely to smooth over D Customers have no easy access to storeissues than those who aren ’t so friendly. ”managers.said Professor Stephen Hoch. “Maybe 63. What does Paula Courtney imply bysomething as simple as a greeter at the saying “⋯the shopper must also find astore entrance would help. ”replacement ”(Line 2, Para. 4)?Customers can also improve future A New customers are bound toreplaceshopping experiences by filing complaints old ones.to the retailer, instead of complaining to B It is not likely the shopper can find thethe rest of the world. Retailers are same products in other stores.hard-pressed to improve when they have C Most stores provide the sameno idea what is wrong. D Not complaining to the manager causes 答题卡2上作答the shopper some trouble too.注意：此部分试题请在62. Why are store managers often the last 64. Shop owners often hire moonlightingto hear complaints? police as parking attendants so thatA Most customers won ’t bother to shoppers_____complain even if they have had unhappy A can stay longer browsing in the storeexperiences. B won ’t have trouble parking their carsB Customers would rather relate theirC won ’t have any worries about securityunhappy experiences to people around D can find their cars easily after shopping65. What contributes most to smoothing over issues with customers?A Manners of the salespeopleB Hiring of efficient employeesC Huge supply of goods for saleD Design of the store layout.66. To achieve better shopping experiences, customers are advised to _________.A exert pressure on stores to improve their serviceB settle their disputes with stores in a diplomatic wayC voice their dissatisfaction to store managers directlyD shop around and make comparisons between stores3. The January fashion show, called Future Fashion , exemplified howfar green design has come. Organized by the New York-based nonprofitEarth Pledge, the show inspired many top designers to work with sustainable fabrics for the first time. Several have since made pledges to include organic fabrics in their lines.The designers who undertake green fashion still face many challenges. Scott Hahn, cofounder with Gregory of Rogan and Loomstate, which uses all-organic cotton, says high-quality sustainable materials canstill be tough to fine . “Most designers with existing labels are finding there aren ’t comparable fabrics that can just replace what you ’re doing and shat your customers are used to, ”he says. For example, organic cotton and non-organic cotton are virtually indistinguishable once woven into a dress. But some popular synthetics, like stretch nylon, stillhave few eco-friendly equivalents.Those who do make the switch are finding they have more support.Last year the influential trade show Designers & Agents stopped charging its participation fee for young green entrepreneurs (企业家) who attend its two springtime shows in Los Angeles and New York and gave special recognition to designers whose collections are at least 25% sustainable . It now counts more than 50 green designers, up from fewerthan a dozen two years ago. This week Wal-Mart is set to announce amajor initiative aimed at helping cotton farmers go organic: it will buy transitional (过渡型的) cotton at higher prices , thus helping to expand the supply of a key sustainable material . “Mainstream is about to occur, ”says Hahn.Some analysts ( 分析师) are less sure . Among consumers, only 18%are even aware that ecofashion exists, up from 6% four years ago.Natalie Hormilla, a fashion writer, is an example of the unconverted consumer, when asked if she owned any sustainable clothes, she replied:“Not that I ’m aware of. ”Like most consumers, she finds little time to shop, and when she does, she ’s on the hunt for “cute stuff that isn ’t too expensive. ”By her own admission, green just isn ’t yet on her mind. But –thanks to the combined efforts of designers, retailers and suppliers –one day it will be.57. What is said about Future Fashion?A) It inspired many leading designers to start going green.B) It showed that designers using organic fabrics would go far.C) It served as an example of how fashion shows should be organized.D) It convinced the public that fashionable clothes should be made durable.58. According to Scott Hahn, one big challenge to designers who will goorganic is that .A) much more time is needed to finish a dress using sustainablematerials .B) they have to create new brands for clothes made of organicmaterials .C) customers have difficulty telling organic from non-organicmaterials .D) quality organic replacements for synthetics are not readilyavailable .59. We learn from Paragraph 3 that designers who undertake greenfashion .A) can attend various trade shows free .B) are readily recognized by the fashion worldC) can buy organic cotton at favorable prices .D) are gaining more and more support .60. What is Natalie Hormilla ’s attitude toward ecofashion?A) She doesn ’t seem to care about it. C) She is doubtful of itspractical value.B) She doesn ’t think it is sustainable D) She is very muchopposed to the idea61. What does the author think of green fashion?A) Green products will soon go mainstream.B) It has a very promising future.C) Consumers have the final say.D) It will appeal more to young people.Passage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.Scientists have devised a way to determine roughly where a personhas lived using a strand( 缕) of hair , a technique that could help track the movements of criminal suspects or unidentified murder victims .The method relies on measuring how chemical variations in drinkingwater show up in people ’s hair.“You’re what you eat and drink, and that ’s recorded in you hair, ”said Thure Cerling, a geologist at the University of Utah.While U.S diet is relatively identical, water supplies vary. The differences result from weather patterns. The chemical composition of rainfall changes slightly as raid clouds move.Most hydrogen and oxygen atoms in water are stable , but traces ofboth elements are also present as heavier isotopes (同位素) . The heaviest raid falls first .As a result, storms that form over the Pacific deliver heavier water to California than to Utah.Similar patterns exist throughout the U.S. By measuring the proportion of heavier hydrogen and oxygen isotopes along a strand ofhair, scientists can construct a geographic timeline. Each inch of hair corresponds to about two months.Cerling ’s team collected tap water samples from 600 cities and constructed a mop of the regional differences. They checked the accuracy of the map by testing 200 hair samples collected from 65 barber shops.They were able to accurately place the hair samples in broad regions roughly corresponding to the movement of raid systems.“It’s not good for pinpointing ( 精确定位),”Cerling said . “It’s goodfor eliminating many possibilities. ”Todd Park, a local detective, said the method has helped him learnmore about an unidentified woman whose skeleton was found near Great Salt Lake.The woman was 5 feet tall. Police recovered 26 bones, a T-shirt and several strands of hair.When Park heard about the research, he gave the hair samples to the researchers. Chemical testing showed that over the two years before her death, she moved about every two months.She stayed in the Northwest, although the test could not be more specific than somewhere between eastern Oregon and western Wyoming.“It’s still a substantial area, ”Park said “But it narrows it way down for me. ”62. What is the scientists ’new discovery?A) One ’s hair growth has to do with the amount of water they drink.B) A person ’s hair may reveal where they have lived.C) Hair analysis accurately identifies criminal suspects.D) The chemical composition of hair varies from person to person.63. What does the author mean by “You’re what you eat and drink ”(Line 1, Para.3)?A) Food and drink affect one ’s personality development.B) Food and drink preferences vary with individuals.C) Food and drink leave traces in one ’s body tissues.D) Food and drink are indispensable to one ’s existence.64. What is said about the rainfall in America ’s West?A) There is much more rainfall in California than in Utah.B) The water it delivers becomes lighter when it moves inland.C) Its chemical composition is less stable than in other areas.D) It gathers more light isotopes as it moves eastward.65. What did Cerling ’s team produce in their research?A) A map showing the regional differences of tap water.B) A collection of hair samples from various barber shops.C) A method to measure the amount of water in human hair.D) A chart illustrating the movement of the rain system.66. What is the practical value of Cerling ’s research?A) It helps analyze the quality of water in different regions.B) It helps the police determine where a crime is committed.C) It helps the police narrow down possibilities in detective work.D) It helps identify the drinking habits of the person under investigation.4.Throughout this long, tense election, everyone has focused on thepresidential candidates and how they ’ll change America. Rightly so, but selfishly, I ’m more fascinated by Michelle Obama and what she might beable to do, not just for this country, but for me as an African-American woman. As the potential First Lady, she would have the world ’s attention. And that means that for the first time people will have a chance to get upclose and personal with the type of African-American woman they so rarely see.Usually, the lives of black women go largely unexamined. The prevailing theory seems to be that we ’re all hot-tempered single mothers who can ’t keep a man. Even in the world of make-believe, black women still can ’t escape the stereotype of being eye-rolling, oversexed females raised by our never-married, alcoholic ( 酗酒的) mothers.These images have helped define the way all women are viewed, including Michelle Obama. Before she ever gets the chance to commit toa cause, charity or foundation as First Lady, her most urgent and perhapsmost complicated duty may be simple to be herself.It won ’t be easy. Because few mainstream publications have donein-depth features on regular African-American women, little is known about who we are, what we think and what we face on a regular basis.For better or worse, Michelle will represent us all.Just as she will have her critics, she will also have millions of fans who usually have little interest in the First Lady. Many African-American blogshave written about what they ’d like to see Michelle bring to the White House —mainly showing the world that a black woman can support herman and raise a strong black family. Michelle will have to work to please everyone —an impossible task. But for many African-American women like me, just a little of her poise ( 沉着), confidence and intelligence will goa long way in changing an image that ’s been around for far too long.57. Why does Michelle Obama hold a strong fascination for the author?A) She serves as a role model for African women.B) She possesses many admirable qualities becoming a First Lady.C) She will present to the world a new image of African-American women.D) She will pay closer attention to the interests of African-American women.58. What is the common stereotype of African-American women according to the author?A) They are victims of violence. B) They are of an inferior violence.C) They use quite a lot of body language. D) They live on charity andsocial welfare.59. What do many African-Americans write about in their blogs?A) Whether Michelle can live up to the high expectations of her fans.B) How Michelle should behave as a public figure.C) How proud they are to have a black woman in the White House.D) What Michelle should do as wife and mother in the White House.60. What does the author say about Michelle Obama as a First Lady?A) However many fans she has, she should remain modest,B) She shouldn ’t disappoint the African-American community.C) However hard she tries, she can ’t expect to please everybody.D) She will give priority to African-American women ’s concerns.61. What do many African-American women hope Michelle Obamawill do?A) Help change the prevailing view about black women.B) Help her husband in the task of changing America.C) Outshine previous First Lady.D) Fully display her fine qualities.Passage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.When next year ’s crop of high-school graduates arrive at Oxford University in the fall of 2009, they ’ll be joined by a new face; Andrew Hamilton, the 55-year-old provost (教务长) of Yale, who ’ll become Oxford ’s vice-chancellor —a position equivalent to university presidentin America.Hamilton isn ’t the only educator crossing the Atlantic. Schools in France, Egypt, Singapore, etc, have also recently made top-level hiresfrom abroad. Higher education has become a big and competitive business nowadays, and like so many businesses, it ’s gone global. Yetthe talent flow isn ’t universal. High-level personnel tend to head in only one direction: outward from America.The chief reason is that American schools don ’t tend to seriously consider looking abroad. For example, when the board of the Universityof Colorado searched for a new president, it wanted a leader familiar with the state government, a major source of the university ’s budget. “We didn ’t do any global consideration, ”says Patricia Hayes, the board ’s chair. The board ultimately picked Bruce Benson, a 69-year-old Colorado businessman and political activist ( 活动家) who is likely to do well in the main task of modern university presidents: fund-raising. Fund-raising is a distinctively American thing, since U.S. schools rely heavily on donations. The fund-raising ability is largely a product of experience and necessity.Many European universities, meanwhile, are still mostly dependenton government funding. But government support has failed to keep pace with rising student number. The decline in government support hasmade funding-raising an increasing necessary ability among administrators and has hiring committees hungry for Americans.In the past few years, prominent schools around the world have joined the trend. In 2003, when Cambridge University appointed Alison。
专四新题型-阅读简答题
信息定位技巧
语言表达能力
逻辑思维能力
05
模拟练习与提高
CHAPTER
模拟练习题1
模拟练习题2
模拟练习题3
模拟练习题4
模拟练习题
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请简述阅读简答题的特点和要求。
请根据给定的文章回答问题。
请结合实际例子，说明阅读简答题的解题技巧。
请分析阅读简答题中常见的错误类型及原因。
答案与解析
详细描述
信息定位错误
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简答题主要考察考生对文章的理解能力，包括对细节的把握、对整体内容的概括以及对作者意图的推断。
（完整版）英语四级阅读试题库含答案解析
（完整版）英语四级阅读试题库含答案解析英语四级阅读题库含答案解析1.Passage Onest century, Global warming may or may not be the great environmental crisis of the 21’t –we won ’t do much about it. We will argue overbut regardless of whether it is or isnit and may even, as a nation, make some fairly solemn-sounding commitments to avoid it. But the more dramatic and meaningful these commitments seem, the less likely they are to be observed.Al Gore calls global warmin g an “inconvenient truth, ”as if merely recognizing it’t know enough tocould put us on a path to a solution. But the real truth is that we donrelieve global warming, and—we can ’t do–without major technological breakthroughsmuch about it.’s populati on is projected to grow from 6.4 billion to 9.1 From 2003 to 2050, the worldbillion, a 42% increase. If energy use per person and technology remain the same, total energy use and greenhouse gas emissions (mainly, CO2) will be 42% higher in 2050. but that ’s too low, because societies that grow richer use more energy. We need economic growth unless w e condemn t he world ’s poor to their present poverty and freeze everyone e lse‘s living standards. With modest growth, energy u se andgreenhouse emissions more than double by 2050.No government w ill adopt rigid restrictions o n economic growth and personal freedom (limits on electricity usage, d riving and travel) that might cut back global’re “doing something. ”Consider the Kyoto warming. Still, politicians want to show theyProtocol (京都议定书). It allowed countries that joined to punish those that didn’t. But itsignatories (签字hasn ’t reduced CO2 emissions (up about 25% since 1990), and many国) didn ’t adopt tough enough policies to hit their 2008-2012 targets.The practical c onclusion i s that if global warming is a potential disaster, the only solution is new technology. Only an aggressive research and development p rogrammight find ways of breaking dependence on fossil fuels or dealing with it.The trouble with the global warming debate is that it has become a moral problem when it ’s really a n engineering one. The inconvenient t ruth is that if we don ’t solve t he ’re helpless.engineering problem, we57. What is said about global warming in the first paragraph?A) It may not prove an environmental B) It is an issue requiring world wide crisis at all. commitments.C) Serious steps have been taken to avoid D) Very little will be done to bring it underor stop it. control.58. According to the author ’s understanding, what is Al Gore ’s view on global warming?A) It is a reality both people and politicians are unaware of.B) It is a phenomenon that causes us many inconveniences.C) It is a problem that can be solved once it is recognized.D) It is an area we actually have little knowledge about.59. Green house emissions will more than double by 2050 because of _______.A) economic growth C) wasteful use of energyB) the widening gap between the rich and D) the rapid advances o f science a ndpoor technology60. The author believes that, since the signing of the Kyoto Protocol, ________.A) politicians have started to do something to better the situationB) few nations have adopted real tough measures to limit energy useC) reductions in energy consumption have greatly cut back global warmingD) international cooperation has contributed to solving environmental problems61. What is the message the author intends to convey?A) Global warming is more of a moral issue than a practical one.B) The ultimate solution to global warming lies in new technologyC) The debate over global warming will lead to technological breakthroughs.D) People have to give up certain material comforts to stopglobal warming.Passage TwoSomeday a stranger will read your e-mail without your permission o r scan theWebsites you ’ve visited. Or perhaps someone will casually glance through your creditcard purchase or cell phone bills to find out your shopping preferences or calling habits.In fact, it ’s likely some of these things have already happened to you. Who wouldwatch you without your permission? It might be a spouse, a girlfriend, a marketingcompany, a boss, a cop or a criminal. Whoever it is, they will see you in a way you never intended to be seen —the 21 st century equivalent of being caught naked.Psychologists tell us boundaries are healthy, that it ’s important to reveal yourself tofriends, family and lovers in stages, at appropriate times. But few boundaries remain. The digital bread crumbs ( 碎屑) you leave everywhere m ake it easy for strangers toreconstruct w ho you are, where you are and what you like. In some cases, a simpleGoogle search can reveal what you think. Like it or not, increasingly we live in a world where you simple cannot keep a secret.The key question is: Does that matter?When opinion polls ask Americans about privacy, most say they are concerned about losing it. A survey found an overwhelming pessimism about privacy, with 60 percent of respondents saying they feel their privacy is”“slipping awa y, and that bothers me.But people say one thing and do another. Only a tiny fraction of Americans change any behaviors in an effort to preserve their privacy. Few people turn down a discount at tollbooths (收费站) to avoid using the EZ-Pass system t hat can track automobile movements. And few turn down supermarket loyalty cards. Privacy economist Alessandro Acquisti has run a series of tests that reveal people will surrender personal information like Social Security numbers just to get their hands on a pitiful 50-cents-off coupon (优惠券).’s like health: When you have it, you But privacy does matter –at least sometimes. Itdon ’t notice it. Only when it ’s gone do you wish you’d done more to protect it.“the 21 st century equivalent of being caught62. What does the author mean by sayingnaked ”(Lines 3-4, Para.2)?A) People ’s personal information is easily accessed without their knowledge.’secrets.B) In the 21 st century people try every means to look into othersC) People tend to be more frank with each other in the information age.D) Criminals are easily caught on the spot with advanced technology.63. What would psychologists advise on the relationships between friends?A) Friends s hould open their hearts to C) There should be adistance even each other. between friends.B) Friends should always be faithful to D) There should be fewer disputes each other. between friends.”64. Why does the author say“we live in a world where you simple cannot keep a secret (Line 5, Para.3)?A) Modern society has finally evolved into an open society.B) People leave traces around when using modern technology.’affairs.C) There are always people who are curious about othersD) Many search engines profit by revealing people’s identities.65. What do most Americans do with regard to privacy protection?A) They change behaviors that might disclose their identity.B) They use various loyalty cards for business transactions.C) They rely more and more on electronic D) They talk a lot but hardly do anythingdevices. about it.66. According to the passage, privacy is like health in that ________.A) people will make every effort to keep itwoman.B) its importance is rarely understoodThere are many reasons forC) it is something that can easily be lostD) people don ’t cherish it until they lose itthis-typically, m en take more risks thanwoman a nd are more likely t o drink andsmoke but perhaps more importantly,men don ’t go to the doctor.“Men aren ’t seeing doctors as often 2.Passage One“Thisas they should, ”says Dr. Gullotta, Questions 57 to 61 are based on theis particularly so for the over-40s,when following passage.”diseases tend to strike.If you are a male and you are readingGullotta says a healthy man should this ,congratulations: you are avisit the doctor every year or two. For survivor .According to statistics .you a rethose over 45,it should be at least once a more than twice as likely to die of skinyear.cancer than a woman ,and nine timesTwo months ago Gullotta saw a more likely to die of AIDS. Assuming you50-year-old m a who had delayed doing make i t to the end of your natural t erm,’s cough for aanything about his smokerabout 78 years for men in Australia, youyear.will die on average f ive years b efore a“When I finally saw him it had a lreadyspread a nd he has since died from lung Regular check-upsfor men would cancer ”he says, “Earlier d etection a nd inevitably place strain on the public purse,”But prevention is cheaper treatment may not have cured him, but it Cartmill says.”in the long run than having to treat the would have prolonged this lifeAccording t o a recent survey, 95%of diseases. Besides, the ultimate cost is far”women aged between 15 and early 40s greater: it is called premature death.see a doctor once a year, c ompared t o 57.Why does the a uthor congratulate h is70% of men in the same age group. male readers at the beginning of the “A lot of men think they are invincible passage?（不可战胜的）”Gullotta says “They only A. They are more likely to survive serious come in when a friend drops dead on the diseases today.golf course a nd they think ”Geez, if it B. Their average life span has been could happen to him. considerably extended.Then there is the ostrich approach,” C. They have l ived long enough to read some men ar e scared o f what might be this article.there and would rather not know, ”says D. They are sure to enjoy a longer andDr. Ross Cartmill. happier live.“Most men get their cars serviced 58.What does the author state is the most more regularly than they service their important reason men die five years bodies, ”Cartmill says .He believes most earlier on average than women?diseases that commonly affect men could A. men drink and smoke much more thanbe addressed by preventive check-ups. womenB. men don ’t s eek medical care as often disease because of fearas women 61. What does Cartmill say about regular C. men aren ’t as cautions a s women in check-ups for men?face of danger A.They may increase public expensesD. men are more likely to suffer from fatal B.They will save money in the long rundiseases C.They may cause psychological strains on 59. Which of the following best completes menthe sentence “Geez, if it could happen to D.They will enable men to live as long ashim ?’(line2,para,8)? womenA. it could happen to me, too Passage TwoB. I should avoid playing golf Questions 62 to 66 are based on theC. I should consider myself lucky following passage.D. it would be a big misfortune High-quality customer service is60what does Dr. Ross C artmill mean by preached( 宣扬)by many ,but actually”(line q para.9) keeping customers h appy is easier said“the ostrich approach’s health than doneA. a casual attitude towards oneconditions Shoppers seldom complain to the B. a new therapy for certain psychological m anager o r owner of a retail store, b utproblems instead will alert their friends, relatives, C. refusal to get medical treatment for fear co-workers, strangers-and a nyone whoof the pain involved will listen.’s Sto re m anagers are often the last toD. unwillingness to find out about onehear complaints, and often find out only include f illed parking l ots, cluttered (塞满when their regular customers decide t 了的) shelves, overloaded racks, frequent their competitors, according to a out-of-stock items, long check-out l ines,study jointly conducted b y Verde g roup and rude salespeople.and Wharton school During peak shopping hours, some “Storytelling hurts retailers and retailers s olved t he parking problems by enter tains consumers, ”said Paula getting moonlighting （业余兼职的）local”police to work as parking attendants. Courtney, President of the Verde group.the store loses the customer, but the Some hired flag wavers to direct”customers to empty parking s paces. This s hopper must also find a replacement.On average, every unhappy customer g uidance eliminated the need forwill complain to at least four other, and customers to circle the parking lotwill no longer visit the specific s tore for endlessly, and avoided confrontationevery dissatisfied c ustomer, a store will between t hoseeyeing the same p arkinglose up to three more due to negative space.”Retailers can relieve the headaches by reviews. The resulting “snowball effectcan be disastrous to retailers. redesigning store layouts, pre-stocking According t o the research, shoppers sales items, hiring speedy and who purchased clothing encountered the experienced c ashiers, a nd having salesmost problems. r anked s econd a nd third representatives on hand to answerwere grocery and electronics customers. questions.The most common complaints Most importantly, salespeople shouldbe diplomatic and polite with angry them.customers. C Few c ustomers believe t he service w ill “Retailers w ho ’re responsive and be improved.friendly are more likely to smooth over D Customers have no easy access to store’t so friendly. ”managers.issues than those who arensaid Professor S tephen H och. “Maybe 63. What does Paula C ourtney i mply by something as simple a s a greeter at the saying “?the shopper must also find astore entrance would help.”replacement ”(Line 2, Para. 4)?Customers c an also improve future A New customers a re bound to replace shopping experiences by filing complaints o ld ones.to the retailer, instead o f complaining t o B It is not likely the shopper can find thethe rest of the world. Retailers are same products in other stores.hard-pressed to improve when they have C Most stores provide the sameno idea what is wrong. D Not complaining to the manager causes 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答the shopper some trouble too.62. Why are store managers often the last 64. Shop owners often hire moonlightingto hear complaints? police as parking attendants so that A Most customers won ’t bother to shoppers_____complain even if they have had unhappy A can stay longer browsing in the store experiences. B won ’t have trouble parking their cars B Customers w ould rather relate their C won ’t have any worries about security unhappy experiences to people around D can find their cars easily after shopping65. What contributes m ost to smoothing over issues with customers?A Manners of the salespeopleB Hiring of efficient employeesC Huge supply of goods for saleD Design of the store layout.66. To achieve better shopping experiences, customers are advised to_________.A exert pressure o n stores to improve their serviceB settle their disputes with stores in a diplomatic wayC voice their dissatisfaction to store managers directlyD shop around and make comparisons between stores3. The January fashion show, called Future Fashion ,exemplified how far green design has come. Organized by the New York-based nonprofit Earth Pledge, t he show inspired many top designers t o work with sustainable fabrics for the first time. Several have since made pledges to include organic fabrics in their lines.The designers who undertake green fashion still face many challenges. Scott Hahn, cofounder with Gregory of Rogan and Loomstate, which uses all-organic cotton, says high-quality sustainable ma terials can still be tough to fine . “Most designers with existing labels are finding’re doingthere aren ’t comparable fabrics that can just replace what youand shat your customers are used to, ”he says. For example, organic cotton and non-organic cotton are virtually indistinguishable o nce woven into a dress. But some popular synthetics, like stretch nylon, still have few eco-friendly equivalents.Those who do make the switch are finding they have more support. Last year the influential trade show Designers &Agents stopped(企业家) who charging its participation fee for young green entrepreneursattend its two springtime shows in Los Angeles and New York and gave special r ecognition to designers w hose collections a re at least 25% sustainable . It now counts more than 50 green designers, up from fewer than a dozen two years ago. This week Wal-Mart is set to announce amajor initiative aimed at helping cotton farmers go organic: it will buy transitional (过渡型的) cotton at higher prices , thushelping to expand the”“Mainstream is about to occur, supply of a key sustainable material .says Hahn.分析师) are less sure . Among consumers, only Some analysts (18%are even aware that ecofashion exists, up from 6% four years ago. Natalie Hormilla, a fashion writer, is an example o f the unconverted consumer, when asked if she owned any sustainable clothes, she replied: “Not that I ’m aware of.”Like most consumers, she finds little time to’t too’s on the hunt for “cute stuff that isnshop, and when she does, she’t yet on her mind. But ”By her own admission, green just isnexpensive.––thanks to the combined efforts of designers, retailers and suppliersone day it will be.57. What is said about Future Fashion?A) It inspired many leading designers to start going green.B) It showed that designers using organic fabrics would go far.C) It served as an example of how fashion shows should be organized.D) It convinced the public that fashionable clothes should be made durable.58. According to Scott Hahn, one big challenge to designers who will goorganic is that .A) much more time is needed to finish a dress u sing sustainablematerials .B) they have to create new brands for clothes made of organicmaterials .C) customers have difficulty telling organic from non-organicmaterials .D) quality organic replacements f or synthetics are not readilyavailable .59. We learn from Paragraph 3 that designers w ho undertake g reenfashion .A) can attend various trade shows free .B) are readily recognized by the fashion worldC) can buy organic cotton at favorable prices .D) are gaining more and more support .’s attitude toward ecofashion?60. What is Natalie HormillaA) She d oesn ’t seem t o care a bout it. C) S he i s doubtful of itspractical value.B) She doesn ’t think it is sustainable D) She is very muchopposed to the idea61. What does the author think of green fashion?A) Green products will soon go mainstream.B) It has a very promising future.C) Consumers have the final say.D) It will appeal more to young people.Passage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.Scientists have devised a way to determine roughly where a person缕) of hair , a technique that could help track the has lived using a strand(movements of criminal suspects or unidentified murder victims .The method relies on measuring how chemical variations in drinking water show up in people’s hair.”“You’re what you eat and drink, and that’s recorded in you hair, said Thure Cerling, a geologist at the University of Utah.While U.S diet is relatively identical, water supplies vary. The differences result from weather p atterns. The chemical composition o frainfall changes slightly as raid clouds move.Most hydrogen and oxygen atoms in water are stable , but traces ofisotopes (同位素) . The heaviestboth elements are also present as heavierraid falls first .As a result, storms that form over the Pacific deliver heavier water to California than to Utah.Similar patterns exist throughout the U.S. By measuring the proportion of heavier hydrogen and oxygen isotopes along astrand of hair, scientists can construct a geographic t imeline. Each i nch of hair corresponds to about two months.Cerling ’s team collected t ap water samples f rom 600 cities and constructed a mop of the regional differences. T hey checked the accuracy of the map by testing 200 hair samples c ollected f rom 65 barber shops.They were able to accurately place the hair samples in broad regions roughly corresponding to the movement of raid systems.“It’s not good for pinpointing ( 精确定位),”Cerling said .“It’s good”for eliminating many possibilities.Todd Park, a local detective, said the method has helped him learn more about an unidentified woman whose skeleton w as found nearGreat Salt Lake.The woman was 5 feet tall. Police recovered 26 bones, a T-shirt and several strands of hair.When Park heard about the research, he gave the hair samples to the researchers. Chemical testing showed that over the two years before her death, she moved about every two months.She stayed in the Northwest, although the test could not be more specific than somewhere between eastern Oregon and western Wyoming.”Park said “But it narrows it way down “It’s still a substantial area,for me. ”62. What is the scientists’new discover y?A) One ’s hair growth has to do with the amount of water they drink.’s hair may reveal where they have lived.B) A personC) Hair analysis accurately identifies criminal suspects.D) The chemical composition of hair varies from person to person.”“You’re what you eat and drink63. What does the author mean by(Line 1, Para.3)?A) Food and drink affect one’s personality development.B) Food and drink preferences vary with individuals.’s body tissues.C) Food and drink leave traces in one’s existence.D) Food and drink are indispensable to one64. What is said about the rainfall in America’s West?A) There is much more rainfall in California than in Utah.B) The water it delivers becomes lighter when it moves inland.C) Its chemical composition is less stable than in other areas.D) It gathers more light isotopes as it moves eastward.’s team produce in their research?65. What did CerlingA) A map showing the regional differences of tap water.B) A collection of hair samples from various barber shops.C) A method to measure the amount of water in human hair.D) A chart illustrating the movement of the rain system.’s research?66. What is the practical value of CerlingA) It helps analyze the quality of water in different regions.B) It helps the police determine where a crime is committed.C) It helps the police narrow down possibilities in detective work.D) It helps identify the drinking habits of the person under investigation.4.Throughout this long, tense election, everyone has focused on thepresidential candidates and how they’ll change America. Rightly so, but ’m more fascinated by Michelle Obama and what she might be selfishly, Iable to do, not just for this country, but for me as an African-American’s attention.woman. As the potential First Lady, she would have the world And that means that for the first time people will have a chance to get up close a nd personal w ith the type of African-American woman t hey sorarely see.Usually, t he lives of black women go largely unexamined. The prevailing theory seems t o be that we ’re all hot-tempered single’t keep a man. Even in the world of make-believe, black mothers who can’t escape the stereotype of being eye-rolling, oversexed women still can酗酒的) mothers.females raised by our never-married, alcoholic (These images h ave helped define the way all women are viewed, including Michelle Obama. Before she ever gets the chance to commit toa cause, charity or foundation as First Lady, her most urgent and perhaps most complicated duty may be simple to be herself.It won ’t be easy. Because few mainstream publications have donein-depth features o n regular A frican-American women, l ittle is knownabout who we are, what we think and what we face on a regular basis.For better or worse, Michelle will represent us all.Just as she will have her critics, she will also have millions of fans who usually have little interest in the First Lady. Many African-American blogs’d like to see Michelle bring to the Whitehave written about what theyHouse —mainly showing the world that a black woman can support her man and raise a strong black family. Michelle will have to work to please everyone —an impossible task. B ut for many African-American women沉着), confidence and intelligence will golike me, just a little of her poise (’s been around for far too long.a long way in changing an image that57. Why does Michelle Obama h old a strong fascination for the author?A) She serves as a role model for African women.B) She possesses many admirable qualities becoming a FirstLady.C) She w ill present to the world a new image of African-American women.D) She will pay closer attention to the interests of African-American women.58. What is the common stereotype o f African-American women according to the author?A) They are victims of violence. B) They are of an inferior violence.C) They use quite a lot of body language. D) They live on charity and social welfare.59. What do many African-Americans write about in their blogs?A) Whether Michelle can live up to the high expectations of her fans.B) How Michelle should behave as a public figure.。
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004 阅读理解简答填空10 分 （第一篇）关于互联网的发展历史的 We are all busy talking about and using the Internet, but how many of us know the history of the Internet? Many people are surprised when they find that the Internet was set up in the 1960s. At that time, computers were large and expensive. Computer networks didn‘t work well. If one computer in the network broke down, the whole network stopped. So a new network system had to be set up. It should be good enough to be used by many different computers. If part of the network was not working, information could be sent through another part. In this way computer network system could keep on working all the time. At first, the Internet was only used by the government, but in the early 1970s, universities, hospitals and banks were allowed to use it too. However, computers were still very expensive and the Internet was difficult to use. By the start of the 1995s, computers had become cheaper and easier to use. Scientists had also developed software that made ―surfing‖ the Internet more convenient. Today it is easy to get on-line and it is said that millions of people use the Internet every day. Sending e-mails is more and more popular among students. The Internet has now become one of the most important parts of people‘s life.
（第一篇）关于互联网的发展历史的 问题和答案： 1. When was the Internet set up? __ In the 1960s.___________________________ 2. Who first used the Internet? __ The government.__________________________. 3. How did scientists make surfing‘‘ the Internet more convenient? __ Scientists developed software._______________ 4. What is more and more popular among students? __ Sending e-mails _________________________. 5. What does the passage mainly tall us? __ The history of the Internet.__________________.
第（二）篇 关于麦当劳快餐的 In 1939 two brothers, Mac and Dick McDonald, having run their own theater for years, started a drive —— in restaurant, in San Bernadine, California. They carefully chose a busy corner for their location. In their new operation on , they offered a new , shortened menu ： French fries , hamburgers (汉堡包) and salad . And they added one new idea ：quick service and no tips . Their hamburgers sold for fifteen cents. Cheese was another four cents. Their French fries and hamburgers were almost the same. The brothers had developed a strict routine for the preparation of their food. And they insisted on their cooks‘ sticking to their routine. Their new restaurant became very popular, particularly for lunch. People drove up by the hundreds during the busy noontime. The Self-service restaurant was so popular that the brothers had allowed ten copies of their restaurant to be opened. They were content with this success until they met Ray Kroc. Kroc was a salesman who met the McDonald brothers in 1954, when he was selling a milk machines. He quickly saw the special attract of the brothers‘ fast-food restaurant and bought the right to open other copies of their restaurants. Today McDonald‘s is really a famous name. In 1976, McDonald‘s had over $1 billion in total sales. It is one of the most surprising success stories in modern American business history.
第（二）篇 关于麦当劳快餐的 问题和答案： 1. Which kind of new business did Mac and Dick manage? __ A drive-in restaurant ___________________________ 2. What was Mac and Dick‘s new idea in their new business? __ Quick service and no tips.___________________________ 3. At what time of the day was their new restaurant particularly popular? ___ At noon __________________________ 4. How many copies of this kind of restaurant did Mac and Dick allow to open before they met Kroc? ___ Ten.__________________________ 5. How much did McDonald‘s have for the total sales in 1976? ___ Over $1 billion.__________________________
第（三）篇 关于感恩节的 Thanksgiving Day is a very special day for people in the United States. They celebrate it on the last Thursday in November. Canadians also celebrate Thanksgiving Day, but they do it on the second Monday of October. In Britain, where this festival is called "Harvest Festival", people celebrate it earlier in the year, in September.The first thanksgiving service (仪式) in North America took place on December 4th, 1619 when 38 English people arrived in America to make their home in the new country. They held this service not to thank God for the harvest, but to thank God for their safe journey. The next year, many more English people arrived. They had a bad winter, and killed small animals to eat and cooked everything outside on large fires. About 90 Indians also came to the meal. Everyone ate at tables outside their houses and played games together. The festival lasted three days. A Thanksgiving Day celebration was held every year for a long time, but not always on the same day of the year. Then, in 1789, President George Washington named November 26th as the Day of Thanksgiving. In 1863, President Abraham Lincoln changed the date, and said that the last Thursday in November should be Thanksgiving Day. Nowadays, North Americans around the world get together with their families on this day to eat good food and have a happy day.