天津高考英语试卷及答案

2008年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷）

英语

第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45 分）

第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题 1 分，满分15分）

例：Stand over there ____ you'll be able to see it before.

A. or

B. and

C. but

D. while

答案是 B 。

1. We'll have a picnic in the park this Sunday ___ it rains or it 's very cold.

A. since

B. if

C. unless

D. until

2. My brother is really __ . He often works in his office far into the night.

A. open-minded

B. hard-working

C. self-confident

D. warm-hearted

3. - I just can 't stop worrying about the result of the job interview.

--- ____ . There 's nothing you can do now but wait.

A. Relax

B. Go ahead

C. Go for it

D. Good luck

4. ___ their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.

A. To throw

B. Thrown

C. Throwing

D. Being thrown

5. To know more about the British Museum, you can use the Internet to go to the library, or

A. neither

B. some

C. all

D. both

6. She ____ have left school, for her bike is still here.

A. can 't

B. wouldn 't

C. shouldn 't

D. needn't

7. The meal over, the managers went back to the meeting room to ___ their discussion.

A. put away

B. take down

C. look over

D. carry on

8. It was along the Mississippi River _____ Mark Twain spent much of his childhood.

A. how

B. which

C. that

D. where

9. - H ow much do I owe you for lunch?

--- ____ . It 's nothing.

A. You 're welcome

B. Forget it

C. With pleasure

D. That 's right

10. Many Chinese universities provided scholarships for students ____ financial aid.

A. in favour of

B. in honour of

C. in face of

D. in need of

11. Most air pollution is caused by the burning of __ like coal, gas and oil.

A. fuels

B. articles

C. goods

D. products

12. The last time we had great fun was ___ we were visiting the Water Park.

A. where

B. how

C. when

D. why

13. Her shoes ___ her dress; they look very well together.

A. suit

B. fit

C. compare

D. match

14. He ____ football regularly for many years when he was young.

A. was playing

B. played

C. has played

D. had played

15. At the railway station, the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was

A. out f sight

B. out f reach

C. out f order

D. out f place

第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30 分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16-35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Jenna, a popular girl from Westwood Middle School, had graduated first in her class and was ready for new _16_ in high school.

17, high school was different. In the first week, Jenna went to tryouts （ 选拔赛）

for cheerleaders （拉拉队队员 ）.She was competing against very talented girls, and

she knew it would be 18 for her to be selected. Two hours later, the 19 read a list of the girls for a sec ond tryout. Her heart 20 as the list en ded without her n ame. Feeli ng

21, she walked home carry ing her schoolbag full of homework.

Arriving home, she started with math. She had always been a good math student, but now she

was _22. She moved on to En glish and history, and was 23 to find that she did n 'have any trouble with those subjects. Feeling better, she decided not to 24 math for the time being.

The n est day Jenna went to see Mrs. Bide n about being on the school 25. Mrs. Bide n was n '

as 26 as Jenna. “ hrf sorry, but we have eno ugh 27 for the n ewspaper already. Come back next year and we 'talk the n. ” Jenna smiled 28 and left. Why is high school so 29? ” she sighed. Later in 30 class, Jenna devoted herself to figuring out the problems that had given her so much 31- By the end of class, she un derstood how to get them right. As she gathered her books, Jenna

decided she'd continue to try to 32 at her new school. She wasn ' t sure if shd succeed, but she knew she had to 33. High school was just as her mom had said: You will feel like a small fish in a big pond 34 a big fish in a small pond. The challenge is to become the 35 fish you can be. ” 16. A. processes

B. decisi on

C. challe nges

D. exercises 17. A. Therefore

B. However

C. Otherwise

D. Besides 18. A. difficult

B. easy

C. bori ng

D. in terest ing 19. A. editor

B. boss

C. can didate

D. judge 20. A. jumped

B. sank

C. stopped

D. raced 21. A. stra nge

B. happy

C. awful

D. lo nely 22. A. struggli ng

B. improvi ng

C. worki ng

D. complai ning 23. A. ashamed

B. disappo in ted

C.shocked

D. relieved 24. A. put up

B. prepare for

C. worry about

D. give up 25. A. committee

B. n ewspaper

C. radio

D. team 26. A. en thusiastic

B. artistic

C. sympathetic

D. realistic 27. A. speakers

B. readers

C. cheerleaders

D. writers 28. A. widely

B. weakly

C. excitedly

D. brightly 29. A. similar

B. ordinary

C. differe nt

D. familiar 30. A. physics

B. history

C. En glish

D. math 31. A. pleasure

B.hope

C. trouble

D. sorrow 32. A. fit in

B. look out

C. stay up

D. get around 33. A. swim

B. try

C. ask

D. escape 34. A. in return for B. in case of C. in terms of D. in stead of

35. A. slimmest B. smallest C. best

D. gen tlest 第二部分：阅读理解（共 20小题;每小题2分，满分40分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Sandra Cisneros was born in Chicago in 1954 to a Mexican American family. As the only girl in a family of seven children, she often felt like she had “seven fathers,”because her six brothers, as well as her father, tried to control her. Feeling shy and unimportant, she retreated （

躲避 ） into books. Despite her love of reading, she did not do well in elementary school because she was too shy

to participate.

In high school, with the encouragement of one particular teacher, Cisneros improved her grades

and worked for the school literary magazine. Her father encouraged her to go to college because her thought it would be a good way for her to find a husband. Cisneros did attend college, but instead of searching for a husband, she found a teacher who helped her join the famous graduate writing program at the University of Iowa. At the university 's Writers 'Workshop, however, she felt lonely a Mexican American from a poor neighborhood among students from

wealthy families. The feeling of being so different helped Cisneros find her “Creative voice. ”

“It was not until this moment when I considered myself truly different that my writing acquired a voice. I knew I was a Mexican woman, but I didn 't think it had anything to do with why I felt so much imbalance in my life, but it had everything to do with it! That 's when I decided I would write about something my classmates couldn 't write about. ”

Cisneros published her first work, The House on Mango Street , when she was twenty-nine. The book tells about a young Mexican American girl growing up in a Spanish-speaking area in Chicago, much like the neighborhoods in which Cisneros lived as a child. The book won an award in 1985 and has been used in classes from high school through graduate school level. Since then, Cisneros has published several books of poetry, a children 's book, and a short-story collection.

36. Which of the following is TRUE about Cisneros in her childhood?

A. She had seven brothers.

B. She felt herself a nobody.

C. She was too shy to go to school.

D. She did not have any good teachers.

37. The graduate program gave Cisneros a chance to ___ .

A. work for a school magazine

B. run away from her family

C. make a lot of friends

D. develop her writing style

38. According to Cisneros, what played the decisive role in her success?

A. Her early years in college.

B. Her training in the Workshop.

C. Her feeling of being different.

D. Her childhood experience.

39. What do we learn about The House on Mango Street?

A. It is quite popular among students.

B. It is the only book ever written by Cisneros.

C. It wasn 't success as it was written in Spanish.

D. It won an award when Cisneros was twenty-nine.

B

I love charity（慈善） shops and so do lots of other people in Britain because you find quite a few of them on every high street. The charity shop is a British institution, selling everything from

clothes to electric goods, all at very good prices. You can get things you won 't find in the shops anymore. The thing I like best about them is that your money is going to a good cause and not into the pockets of profit-driven companies, and you are not damaging the planet, but finding a new home for unwanted goods.

The first charity shop was opened in 1947 by Oxfam. The famous charity 's appeal to aid

postwar Greece had been so successful it had been flooded with donations（捐赠物）. They decided to set up a shop to sell some of these donations to raise money for that appeal. Now there are over 7,000 charity shops in the UK. My favourite charity shop in my hometown is the Red Cross shop, where I always find children 's books, all 10 or 20 pence each.

Most of the people working in the charity shops are volunteers, although there is often a manager who gets paid. Over 90% of the goods in the charity shops are donated by the public. Every morning you see bags of unwanted items outside the front of shops, although they don 't encourage this, rather ask people to bring things in when the shop is open.

The shops have very low running costs: all profits go to charity work. Charity shops raise more than ￡ 110 million a year, funding （资助）medical research, overseas aid, supporting sick and poor children, homeless and disabled people, and much more. What better place to spend your money? You get something special for a very good price and a good moral sense. You provide funds to a good cause and tread lightly on the environment.

40. The author loves the charity shop mainly because of _____ .

A. its convenient location

B. its great variety of goods

C. its spirit of goodwill

D. its nice shopping environment

41. The first charity shop in the UK was set up to __ .

A. sell cheap products

B. deal with unwanted things

C. raise money for patients

D. help a foreign country

42. Which of the following is TRUE about charity shops?

A. The operating costs are very low.

B. The staff are usually well paid.

C. 90% of the donations are second-hand.

D. They are open twenty-four hours a day.

43. Which of the following may be the best title for the passage?

A. What to Buy a Charity Shops.

B. Charity Shop: Its Origin & Development.

C. Charity Shop: Where You Buy to Donate.

D. The Public 's Concern about Charity Shops.

C

Michael Fish may soon be replaced as a weather forecaster by something truly fishier---the shark （鲨鱼）.

Research by a British biology student suggests that sharks could be used to predict storms.

Lauren Smith, 24, is close to completing her study on shark 'sability to sense pressure.

If her studies prove the theory, scientists may be able to monitor the behaviour of sharks to predict bad weather.

Miss Smith had previously studied the behaviour of lemon sharks in the Bahamas.

She then used their close relatives, lesser spotted dogfish, for further research at Aberdeen University.

Her work---thought to be the first of its kind to test the pressure theory --- resulted from the observation that juvenile blacktip sharks off Florida moved into deeper water ahead of a violent storm in 2001.

Miss Smith said: “I 've always been crazy about traveling and diving and this led me to an interest in sharks.”

“I was delighted to have been able to research in the area for my degree. I know there 's so much more we need to understand but it certainly opens the way to more research. ”

It has been discovered that a shark senses pressure using hair cells in its balance system.

At the Bimini Shark Lab in the Bahamas, Miss Smith fixed hi-tech sensors to sharks to record pressure and temperature, while also tracking them using GPS （Global Positioning System）technology.

In Aberdeen, she was able to study the effects of tidal（潮汐的） and temperature changes on dogfish ----- n one of which were harmed. She also used a special lab which can mimic（模拟）oceanic pressure changes caused by weather fronts.

She is due to complete her study and graduate later this year. She says she will be looking for a job which will give her the chance to enrich her experience of shark research.

The passage is most probably taken from ____.

A. a short-story collection

B. a popular science magazine

C. a research paper

D. a personal diary

45. What do we learn from the first four paragraph of the passage?

A. Sharks may be used to predict bad weather.

B. Sharks'behaviour can be controlled.

C. Michael Fish is not qualified for his job.

D. Lauren Smith will become a weather forecaster.

46. Lauren Smith conducted her research by ____ .

A. removing hair cells from a shark 's balance system

B. measuring the air pressure of weather fronts

C. recording sharks 'body temperature

D. monitoring sharks 'reaction to weather changes

47. What is the passage mainly about?

A. A popular way of forecasting weather.

B. A new research effort in predicting storms.

C. Biologists 'interest in the secrets of sharks.

D. Lauren Smith 's devotion to scientific research.

D

We can achieve knowledge either actively or passively （被动地）. We achieve it actively by direct experience, by testing and proving an idea, or by reasoning.

We achieve knowledge passively by being told by someone else. Most of the learning that takes place in the classroom and the kind that happe ns whe n we watch TV or read n ewspapers or magazines is passive. Conditioned as we are to passive learning, it 'not surprising that we depend on

it in our everyday com muni cati on with friends and co-workers.

Unfortun ately, passive lear ning has a serious problem. It makes us tend to accept what we are told even when it is little more than hearsay and rumor（谣言）.

Did you ever play the game Rumor? It begi ns whe n one pers on writes dow n a message but does n'tshow it to anyone. Then the pers on whispers it, word for word, to ano ther pers on. That pers on, in turn, whispers it to still ano ther, and so on, through all the people play ing the game. The last pers on writes dow n the message word for word as he or she hears it. Then the two writte n stateme nts are compared. Typically, the origi nal message has cha nged.

That' what happens in daily life. The simple fact that people repeat a story in their own words cha nges the story. Then, too, most people liste n imperfectly. And many enjoy addi ng their own creative touch to a story, trying to improve on it, stamping （打上标记）it with their own pers onal style. Yet those who hear it think they know.

This process is also found among scholars and authors: A stateme nt of opinion by one writer may be re-stated as fact by ano ther, who may in turn be quoted by yet ano ther; and this process may continue, uni ess it occurs to some one to questi on the facts on which the origi nal writer based his opinion or to challe nge the in terpretati on he placed upon those facts.

48. Accord ing to the passage, passive lear ning may occur in _____ .

A. doing a medical experime nt

B. solvi ng a math problem

C. visit ing an exhibiti on

D. doing scie ntific reas oning

49. The underlined word it" in Paragraph 2 refers to ______ .

A. active lear ning

B. kno wledge

C. com mun icati on

D. passive lear ning

50. The author men ti ons the game Rumor to show that ___ .

A. a message may be cha nged whe n being passed on

B. a message should be delivered in differe nt ways

C. people may have problems with their sense of heari ng

D. people tend not to believe in what they know as rumor

51. What can we infer from the passage?

A. Active lear ning is less importa nt.

B. Passive lear ning may not be reliable.

C. Active lear ning occurs more freque ntly.

D. Passive lear ning is not found among scholars.

E

As kids, my friends and I spent a lot of time out in the woods. The woods" was our part-time address, destination, purpose, and excuse. If I went to a friend ' house and found him not at home, his mother might say, Oh, he ' out in the woods, " with a tone（语气）of airy acceptanee. It ' similar to the tone people sometimes use no wadays to tell me that some one I 'm look ing for is on the golf course or at the gym, or even away from his desk. " For us ten-year-olds, being out in the woods”

was just an excuse to do whatever we feel like for a while.

We sometimes told ourselves that what we were doing in the woods was exploring（探索）. Exploring was a more popular idea back then than it is today. History seemed to be mostly about explorers. Our explorations, though, seemed to have less system than the historic kind: something usually came up along the way. Say we stayed in the woods, throwing rocks, shooting frogs, picking blackberries, digging in what we were briefly persuaded was an Italian burial mound.

Often we got lost” and had to climb a tree to find out where we were. If you read a story in which some one does that successfully, be skeptical: the topmost bran ches are usually too skinny to hold weight, and we could n ever climb high eno ugh to see anything except other trees. There were four or five trees that we visited regularly----tall beeches, easy to climb and comfortable to sit in.

It was in a tree, too, that our days of fooli ng around in the woods came to an end. By the n some of us has reached seve nth grade and had beg un the rough ride of adolesce nee （青春期）.In March, the mon th whe n we usually took to the woods aga in after wi nter, two friends and I set out to go exploring. We climbed a tree, and all of a sudden it occurred to all three of us at the same time that were really were rather big to be up in a tree. Soon there would be the spring dances on Friday evenings in the high school cafeteria.

52. The author and his fiends were ofte n out in the woods to _____ .

A. spe nd their free time

B. play gold and other sports

C. avoid doing their schoolwork

D. keep away from their pare nts

53. What can we infer from Paragraph 2?

A. The activities in the woods were well pla nn ed.

B. Huma n history is not the result of explorati on.

C. Explorati on should be a systematic activity.

D. The author explored in the woods aimlessly.

54. The un derl ined word skeptical” n Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to_____ .

A. calm

B. doubtful

C. serious

D. optimistic

55. How does the author feel about his childhood?

A. Happy but short.

B. Lon ely but memorable.

C. Boring and meanin gless.

D. Long and un forgettable.

第三部分：写作

第一节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断：如无错误，在该行右

边横线上画一个勾（V）;如有错误（每行只有一个错误），则按下列情况改正：

此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。

此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（人），在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。

此行错一个词：在错的词下面画一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。