英语语气助词解析
英语语气语法学习

语气语气(Moods)是利用动词变化来表达「真、假」口吻的方式。
依各种不同程度的「真、假」口吻,可以细分为四种语气:叙述事实语气(Indicative Mood):表示所说的是真的。
条件语气(Conditional Mood):表示真假还不能确定。
假设语气(Subjunctive Mood):说反话,表示所说的与事实相反。
祈使语气(Imperative Mood):表示希望能够成真,但尚未实现。
四种不同的语气,看起来好像很复杂,不过各有各的重点,只要能掌握重点,便不难区分,也不需死背。
1.叙述事实语气一般的英文句子都是这种语气。
本书前面在时态部分介绍的现在式、过去式、未来式等等也都是属于叙述事实语气,所以在此不必多作解释,其中只有未来式需要说明一下。
如:I will go to the U.S. next year to study for an MBA degree. 我明年要到美国去念企管硕士。
现在或过去的事情,是真是假已经可以确定,所以能够采用叙述事实语气来表达。
可是,未来的事情还没有发生,严格说起来还不能确定真假。
这也就是为什么未来式动词中要加上助动词will,因为助动词都带有不确定的语气。
像I will go to the U.S. next year这样的句子,谈的是未来的事、用到助动词will,在在都表示「尚不确定」。
这和He went to the U.S. last year.不同;过去的事情已经发生,可以肯定,所以能够采用叙述事实的语气。
如果要采用比较确定的语气来表达未来的事情,就应该避免使用助动词、改成下面这几种讲法:I am going to go to the U.S. next year.I am to go to the U.S. next year.I am going to the U.S. next year.I go to the U.S. next year.这几种讲法都避免用到助动词。
虚拟语气讲解及练习(有答案)

高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设,所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。
根据时间的不同,虚拟条件句可分为三种,即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句(1)表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.(2)表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.(3)表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.1. 虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中,为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性,或突出说话人的一种主观愿望,虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。
虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if,把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。
例如:Had I been(= If I had been ) in that situation, I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be (= If there should be) a drought, what should we do at that time ?2. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致,这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。
例如:If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ,thing s wouldn’t be going so smoothly.3. 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来,而是通过某个介词或介词短语(如:with,otherwise,without,but for,in that position)、上下文或其它方式表现出来。
英语助动词的用法教案

英语助动词的用法教案一、教学目标1、让学生理解英语助动词的概念和基本功能。
2、帮助学生掌握常见助动词(be、do、have、will、shall、would、should、can、could、may、might、must 等)的用法。
3、培养学生在实际语境中正确使用助动词的能力,提高英语表达的准确性。
二、教学重难点1、重点(1)助动词在不同时态和语态中的用法。
(2)助动词在疑问句、否定句中的运用。
2、难点(1)助动词与实义动词的搭配和区分。
(2)情态助动词的推测性用法和语气差异。
三、教学方法1、讲授法:讲解助动词的定义、分类和用法。
2、练习法:通过练习题巩固学生对助动词的理解和运用。
3、情景教学法:创设真实的语言情景,让学生在情景中感受助动词的使用。
四、教学过程1、导入(5 分钟)通过简单的英语对话,如“How are you?” “I am fine Thank you” 引出助动词“am”,从而引入本节课的主题——英语助动词的用法。
2、知识讲解(20 分钟)(1)助动词的定义和分类助动词是帮助实义动词构成各种时态、语态、语气以及否定句和疑问句的词。
常见的助动词有:be(am/is/are/was/were)、do(does/did)、have(has/had)、will(would)、shall(should)、can (could)、may(might)、must 等。
(2)be 动词的用法构成进行时态:am/is/are +现在分词,表示正在进行的动作,如“I am reading a book”构成被动语态:be +过去分词,表示被动的动作,如“The book is written by him”(3)do 动词的用法构成疑问句和否定句:Do/Does +主语+实义动词原形,如“Do you like apples?” “He doesn't like sports”强调作用:Do +动词原形,表示强调,如“I do love you”(4)have 动词的用法构成完成时态:have/has +过去分词,表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响,如“I have finished my homework”构成完成进行时态:have/has been +现在分词,表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作,如“They have been waiting for two hours”(5)will 和 shall 的用法表示将来时态:will +动词原形,如“I will go to Beijing tomorrow”shall 用于第一人称 I 和 we,表示将来,如“We shall have a party”(6)情态助动词的用法can 和 could:表示能力、许可、可能性,could 是 can 的过去式,语气更委婉,如“Can you speak English?” “I could help you last week”may 和 might:表示许可、可能性,might 是 may 的过去式,语气更委婉,如“May I come in?” “It might rain tomorrow”must:表示必须、肯定推测,如“You must study hard” “He must be at home”3、练习巩固(15 分钟)(1)给出一些句子,让学生判断其中助动词的用法是否正确,并进行改正。
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习题(附答案)

高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设,所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。
根据时间的不同,虚拟条件句可分为三种,即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句(1)表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.(2)表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.(3)表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.1. 虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中,为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性,或突出说话人的一种主观愿望,虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。
虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if,把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。
例如:Had I been(= If I had been ) in that situation, I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be (= If there should be) a drought, what should we do at that time ?2. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致,这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。
例如:If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ,thing s wouldn’t be going so smoothly.3. 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来,而是通过某个介词或介词短语(如:with,otherwise,without,but for,in that position)、上下文或其它方式表现出来。
虚拟语气讲解及练习题(含答案和解释)

高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设,所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。
根据时间的不同,虚拟条件句可分为三种,即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句(1)表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.(2)表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.(3)表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.1. 虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中,为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性,或突出说话人的一种主观愿望,虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。
虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if,把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。
例如:Had I been(= If I had been ) in that situation, I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be (= If there should be) a drought, what should we do at that time ?2. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致,这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。
例如:If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ,thing s wouldn’t be going so smoothly.3. 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来,而是通过某个介词或介词短语(如:with,otherwise,without,but for,in that position)、上下文或其它方式表现出来。
高中英语 虚拟语气讲解及练习(有答案)

高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设,所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。
根据时间的不同,虚拟条件句可分为三种,即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句(1)表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.(2)表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.(3)表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.1. 虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中,为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性,或突出说话人的一种主观愿望,虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。
虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if,把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。
例如:Had I been(= If I had been ) in that situation, I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be (= If there should be) a drought, what should we do at that time ?2. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致,这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。
例如:If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ,thing s wouldn’t be going so smoothly.3. 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来,而是通过某个介词或介词短语(如:with,otherwise,without,but for,in that position)、上下文或其它方式表现出来。
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习附答案解析
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设,所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。
根据时间的不同,虚拟条件句可分为三种,即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句(1)表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.(2)表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.(3)表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.1. 虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中,为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性,或突出说话人的一种主观愿望,虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。
虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if,把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。
例如:Had I been(= If I had been ) in that situation, I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be (= If there should be) a drought, what should we do at that time ?2. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致,这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。
例如:If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ,thing s wouldn’t be going so smoothly.3. 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来,而是通过某个介词或介词短语(如:with,otherwise,without,but for,in that position)、上下文或其它方式表现出来。
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设,所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。
根据时间的不同,虚拟条件句可分为三种,即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句(1)表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.(2)表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.(3)表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.1. 虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中,为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性,或突出说话人的一种主观愿望,虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。
虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if,把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。
例如:Had I been(= If I had been ) in that situation, I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be (= If there should be) a drought, what should we do at that time ?2. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致,这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。
例如:If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ,thing s wouldn’t be going so smoothly.3. 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来,而是通过某个介词或介词短语(如:with,otherwise,without,but for,in that position)、上下文或其它方式表现出来。
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习题(附答案)
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设,所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。
根据时间的不同,虚拟条件句可分为三种,即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句(1)表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.(2)表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.(3)表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.1. 虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中,为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性,或突出说话人的一种主观愿望,虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。
虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if,把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。
例如:Had I been(= If I had been ) in that situation, I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be (= If there should be) a drought, what should we do at that time ?2. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致,这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。
例如:If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ,thing s wouldn’t be going so smoothly.3. 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来,而是通过某个介词或介词短语(如:with,otherwise,without,but for,in that position)、上下文或其它方式表现出来。
英语语法专项:虚拟语气用法详解及练习(附答案)
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设,所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。
根据时间的不同,虚拟条件句可分为三种,即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句(1)表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.(2)表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.(3)表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.1. 虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中,为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性,或突出说话人的一种主观愿望,虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。
虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if,把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。
例如:Had I been(= If I had been ) in that situation, I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be (= If there should be) a drought, what should we do at that time ?2. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致,这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。
例如:If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ,thing s wouldn’t be going so smoothly.3. 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来,而是通过某个介词或介词短语(如:with,otherwise,without,but for,in that position)、上下文或其它方式表现出来。
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语气
在英语中,随着说话人意图(看法与态度)的不同,动词需用不同的形式,称为语气。
英语中有三种语气:
陈述语气(the Indicative Mood)—陈述事实(有肯定或否定的说法,也可用疑问或感叹的方式表达):
What day is today? How hot it is today!
You are very careful. She is not reading in the classroom.
祈使语气(the Imperative Mood)—提出请求、命令或劝告等:
Let me have a look. (1)
Please be careful. (2) Don’t worry, it’s still early.(2)
Let them have their say.(3)让他们讲话吧。
虚拟语气(the Subjunctive Mood)—表示主观愿望、建议、要求、惊奇、方式和假想虚拟的情况:
I wish you were more careful.但愿你更细心些。
If I were you, I would reconsider their proposal. 我要是你,我要重新考虑他们的建议。
1)虚拟条件句:
通常表达与现在、过去或将来事实相反的假设条件,如:
2) 省略if的虚拟条件句:
虚拟条件句有时省略if,这时were, should, had会被置于句首,形成倒装句。
如:
Had they time, they would certainly come and help us. 如果有时间,他们一定会来帮助我们的。
3) 固定句式中的虚拟语气:
这部分考试的内容在选择题和填空题中都会出现。
(1)在表示建议、要求、坚持等意义的动词所带的宾语从句中,如:
的动词的过去分词)。
如:
It is required that every employee come in the uniform before 8:30 am. 公司要求每个员工上午8:30前要身着制服来。
(3)在“It is + important/necessary + that 从句”的句型中,that引导的从句中需用should
+动词原形(should可以省略)。
可用于该结构中的同类词还有:vital, essential, natural, strange, incredible等,如:
It is quite natural that such fears should arise. 产生这样的疑虑是很自然的。
此外,it is a pity (a shame, no wonder) tha t…结构中也要求用同样的虚拟语气形式。
(4)suggestion(建议), proposal(提议)等名词的同位语中:
I make a suggestion that he call on the director a week later. 我建议他一周后去拜访主
管。
(5) lest(以防), for fear that(唯恐), in case(以防)引导的从句中:
He put his coat on for fear that he should catch a cold. 他穿上外套,惟恐着凉。
(6)as if(好像), wish(希望), would rather(宁可), if only(只要)等词引导的从句中:
I didn’t go with them to the beach yesterday. But I do wish I had been here. 我昨天没有
和他们去海滩,可是我真希望我在那儿。
Frankly speaking, I’d (would) rather you said nothing about it for the time being. 坦白地说,我宁愿你暂时什么也不要说。
(7)It’s high/about time +从句的结构中,从句动词用过去时。
如:
It’s high time we did something to stop road accident. 该是我们采取措施阻止发生公路事故的时候了。
(8)介词短语相当于一个条件句时要用虚拟语气。
比如without, but, but for等:
But for the heavy rain we would have been there in time. 如果不是大雨,我们应该会及时到达那里的。