中考英语句子成分分析.doc

中考英语句子成分分析

1.英语句子成分讲座·主语

句子一般要有主语。在简单句中，主语一般由名词、代词、动名词或动词

不定式 (短语 )来充当。动名词、动词不定式作主语时通常用 it 作形式主语。

■ 名词作主语

English is very important.英语是很重要的。

The students all love their English teacher这.些学生都爱他们的英语老师。

■ 代词作主语

They go to school by bus他.们乘公共汽车上学。

Most of the students come from the countryside. 大多数学生来自农村。

■ 动名词作主语

Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes看.电视太多对你的眼睛是有害的。

It ’ s no use regretting后it悔.是无用的。

■动词不定式 (短语 )作主语

To see is to believe.眼见为实。

It is very hard to get to sleep.入睡很难。

2.英语句子成分讲座·谓语

谓语必须由动词充当，但动词不定式、动名词、分词为非谓语动词不能作

谓语。可作谓语的动词一般为行为动词 (表动作 )和连系动词 (表状态 )，行为动词根据其后是否可直接接宾语，又可分为及物动词和不及物动词。

■ 及物动词作谓语

We should help each other.我们应该互相帮助。

They respect one another.他们互相尊重 (对方 )。

All of the students like the novel.所有这些学生都喜欢这本小说。

Did you see many people there?你在那儿看见许多人了吗?

■ 不及物动词作谓语

He left here yesterday.他昨天离开这儿。

You’ re driving too fast你.开车开得太快了。

The teacher came in, book in hand老.师走进教室，手里拿着书。

He went abroad in the September of 1988.他于 1988 年 9 月出国。

■ 连系动词表状态

He is an excellent teacher.他是位优秀的教师。

Her son is a friend of ours.她的儿子是我们的朋友。

Ours is a great country.我们的国家是一个伟大的国家。

The box itself is not so heavy箱.子本身并不重。

3.英语句子成分讲座·表语

表语与连系动词连用，构成系表结构，说明主语的身份或特征，一般由形容词、名词、动名词、动词不定式、分词等充当。如：

They are brother and sister.他们是兄妹。

What I want to say is this.我想说的就是这点。

Her father is sixty-five.她父亲 65 岁。

John is captain of the team.约翰是足球队的队长。

The poor boy was myself.那个可怜的孩子就是我自己。

The ones who really want it are ourselves真.正想要它的是我们自己。

All you need do is to take a taxi from the airport.你只需从机场打个的即可。

My favourite sport is swimming.我最喜爱的运动是游泳。

4.英语句子成分讲座·宾语

宾语是行为动作的对象，一般可分为动词宾语和介词宾语，充当宾语的可

以是名词、代词、动名词、动词不定式或整个句子。如：

I like Chinese food.我喜欢中国菜。 I bought a ticket for Milan. 我买了一张去米兰的车票。

I enjoyed talking to you.我和你谈话很高兴。

Have you finished dressing?你衣服穿好了吗 ?

He certainly did not want to join them. 他确实不想参加他们的活动。

They decided to close the border.他们决定封闭边境。

We hoped that all would come well.我们希望一切都会好转。

We expected that you would stay for a few days.我们预计你会待几天的。

5.英语句子成分讲座·定语

定语为句子的次要成分，起修饰限制名词或代词的作用，可分为前置定语

和后置定语。一般由形容词性物主代词、数词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动

词不定式、分词 (短语 )或句子充当。

His father is a doctor.他父亲是一名医生。

Mr. Green has two sons.格林先生有两个儿子。

The girl under the tree is Kate.在树底下的那个女孩是凯特。

The man downstairs couldn’ t sleep楼下well的那.个人不能睡好觉。