中考英语句子成分分析

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(完整word版)中考英语语法重点:句子成分、基本句、状语、宾语、定语从句、it

(完整word版)中考英语语法重点:句子成分、基本句、状语、宾语、定语从句、it

一、句子成分:1.主语:主语(Subject)是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。

主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。

例如:The sun rises in the east。

(名词)He likes dancing. (代词)Twenty years is a short time in history。

(数词)Seeing is believing. (动名词)To see is to believe. (不定式)What he needs is a book. (主语从句)2. 谓语谓语 (Predicate) 说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。

动词在句中作谓语,一般放在主语之后。

谓语的构成如下:1、简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。

如:He practices running every morning。

The plane took off at ten o'clock。

2、复合谓语:(1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成,或由各种时态构成。

如:You may keep the book for two weeks.He has caught a bad cold.(2)由系动词加表语构成。

如:We are students.注意:谓语与主语在人称与数方面要保持一致3.表语表语(Predicative)用以说明主语的性质、特征、状态与身份,它一般位于系动词(如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等)之后.例如:He is a teacher。

注意:系动词(Linking verb)用于连接主语和表语,说明主语的状态,性质特征和身份等常见的系动词有: be, sound(听起来), look(看起来), feel(摸起来),smell(闻起来),taste(尝、吃起来), remain(保持,仍是), feel(感觉)….It sounds a good idea。

中考英语句子成分讲解

中考英语句子成分讲解
It作形式宾语,不定式是真正的宾语
(五)定语 是修饰_名__词.单词作定语时通常放在它所修 饰的名词之_前____;短语和从句作定语时则放在它所修饰 的名词之__后___。
They are woman workers.
名词
Tom's father didn't write home until yesterday. 名词所有格
He sat in front of them ,his dusty face maski ng his age. All things considered,the trip wil l have to be called off.
Game (being) over,he went home. • He stands there,book (being) in hand. 独立结
Madj
The play has three acts.
数词
This is her first trip to Europe.
形容词 /序数词 /介词短语
China is a developing country.
现在分词 doing
I saw him going upstairs.
现在分词 doing
They found the house broken in. done 过去分词
宾语和宾语补足语一起构成动词的
复合结构
八)主语补足语 如果上述结构变成被动语态,原宾语成 为主语,原宾语补足语相应地变为主语补足语
I was elected captain of the team. Our country will be made strong. He died young. 他死时很年轻。(此句不是原宾 补变过来的)

2024年中考英语语法学习之句子成分及句型分类

2024年中考英语语法学习之句子成分及句型分类

2024年中考英语语法学习之句子成分及句型分类一、句子成分主语主语是句子中的主要名词或代词,它是句子的动作或状态的执行者。

例如:“The cat is sleeping.”中的主语是“cat”。

主语通常位于句子的开头,用来说明句子的主要信息。

在简单句中,主语和谓语构成完整的句子。

在复合句中,主语通常在谓语之前,用逗号与谓语分开。

例如:“I love the way you think.”中的主语是“I”,谓语是“love”。

在并列句中,主语可以与谓语之间用连词连接。

例如:“I want to eat pizza, but I also want to eat rice.”中的主语是“I”,谓语是“want to eat”,宾语是“pizza”和“rice”。

谓语谓语是句子中的主要动词,它表示主语的动作或状态。

例如:“The cat is sleeping.”中的谓语是“is sleeping”。

谓语通常位于句子的末尾,用来说明主语的动作或状态。

在简单句中,谓语和主语构成完整的句子。

在复合句中,谓语通常在主语之后,用逗号与主语分开。

例如:“I love the way you think.”中的谓语是“love”。

在并列句中,谓语可以与主语之间用连词连接。

例如:“I want to eat pizza, but I also want to eat rice.”中的谓语是“want to eat”,宾语是“pizza”和“rice”。

宾语宾语是句子中的动作的承受者,通常是名词或代词。

例如:“The cat is sleeping on the mat.”中的宾语是“mat”。

宾语通常位于谓语之后,用动词的适当形式表示。

在简单句中,宾语通常是直接宾语,即动作的执行者。

在复合句中,宾语可以是间接宾语或直接宾语。

例如:“I gave her a book.”中的宾语是“her”,而“a book”则是直接宾语。

中考英语复习之 句子成分分析 2

中考英语复习之 句子成分分析  2
(定语) (主) (谓) (定语) (表语)
数词three和形容词tall , strong修饰名词men;名词basketball修饰名词players.
2)The writeroftenwritessomethinginterestingabout children.(“主谓宾”结构)
(主) (状) (谓) (宾) (定)
e)Would you mind coming earlier tomorrow? (coming作动词宾语)
4)、宾语补足语(复合宾语的第二部分):在宾语后补充说明宾语的动作、状态、特征的成分称为宾补。名词、形容词、动词不定式和动名词可作宾补。(见前面简单句的五种基本句型五)
5)、表语:在连系动词后用来说明主语的身份、状态或特征的成分是表语。可作表语的有:名词、代词、形容词、介词短语、不定式、动名词以及表语从句。(参见简单句的五种基本句型三)
连词只起连接词、词组和句子的作用。
He is so youngthathe can’t go to school.
(that连接两句子)
B、词类和句子成分的关系:
1)、主语:是句子要说明的人和物,是句子的主体,一般放在句首。名词、代词常在句中作主语。此外,动名词、动词不定式、主语从句也可作主语。例如:
a)He is reading an interesting book. (形容词interesting作定语,修饰名词book)
b)I have something important to tell you. (形容词important以及不定式to tell you作定语,修饰不定代词something)
b)The medicine is good for a cough. (名词a cough作介词宾语)

中考英语语法之句子成分详解及难点分析

中考英语语法之句子成分详解及难点分析

2023年中考英语语法之句子成分详解及难点分析一、简单句共有五种基本句型1、主语+不及动词My head aches.我头疼。

Everybody laughed.大家都笑了。

2、主语+连系动词+表语English is very easy.英语很容易。

He looks tired。

他看上去是累了。

3、主语+及物动词+直接宾语She likes the flowers.她喜欢这些花。

Dad bought a car.父亲买了辆汽车。

4、主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语He told her the news.他把这消息告诉了她。

He gave me an apple.他给了我一只苹果。

5、主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补语He told me to stay home.他叫我呆在家里。

The smell made him sick.这气味使他恶心。

说明:上述各例都简化到了最低限度,在此基础上,我们可以加上一些修饰成分使句子变得更复杂,表达更丰富的内容。

如:In fact, English is very easy to teach.事实上,英语很容易教。

She likes the flowers very much.她非常喜欢这些花。

He told her the news on the home.他把回家的路上这消息告诉了她。

二、哪些词在句中不担任句子成分一般说来,虚词在句中不能单独担任句子成分。

1、冠词:置于名词之前The boss and his secretary are flying to Paris.老板和他的秘书正飞往巴黎。

It was an greement the details of which could not be altered.这是一项其细节不可更改的协定。

Her birthday is next Monday, so I must buy hera present. 她的生日就在下星期一,所以我必须给她买一件礼物。

中考英语复习——句子成分和英语句子基本结构讲解+练习

中考英语复习——句子成分和英语句子基本结构讲解+练习

中考英语复习——句子成分和英语句子基本结构讲解及练习一、句子的基本结构(5种)1、主语+谓语(s+v)2、主语+系动词+表语(s+l+p)3、主语+谓语+宾语(s+v+o)4、主语+谓语+间接宾语(指人)+直接宾语(指物)(s+v+io+do)5、主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语(s+v+o+c)二、句子成分:(主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾补、同位语、插足语)1. 主语(subject):句子说明的人或事物。

The sun rises in the east ()He likes dancing. ()Twenty years is a short time in history. ( ) Seeing is believing. ()To see is to believe.()What he needs is a book.()It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.()(一)指出下列句中主语的中心词① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.② There is an old man coming here.③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.2. 谓语(predicate):是对主语加以陈述,表示主语的行为或状态,常用动词或者动词词组担任,放在主语的后面。

We study English. He is asleep.(二). 选出句中谓语的中心词① I don't like the picture on the wall. A. don't B. like C. picture D. wall② The days get longer and longer when summer comes. A. get B.longer C. days D. summer③ Do you usually go to school by bus? A. Do B. usually C. go D. bus④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.A. will beB. meetingC. the libraryD. afternoon⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast? A. Did B. twins C. have D. breakfast3. 表语(predicative):系动词之后的成分,表示主语的性质、状态和特征。

中考英语句子成分-谓语

中考英语句子成分-谓语

中考英语句子成分-谓语谓语:(1)由“不及物动词”、“及物动词+宾语”或“系动词+表语”等构成,说明主语所表示的人物“干什么”或“怎么样”。

如:He travelled in space for the first time.(他首次在太空旅行。

) / Who teaches you English this year?(今年谁教你们的英语?) / The pizza has gone bad. (那块烤馅饼已经变坏。

) /(2)谓语动词必须反映出人称、单复数、时态等信息,谓语动词往往由下列词语依序排列构成:[情态动词]+[时态助动词]+[语态助动词]+[主要动词](不一定全部出现)。

(见动词的时态和语态构成表) 记住:谓语部分第一个动词往往是变形动词。

如:I am sorry I am making so much noise but I have to. (对不起我发出了太大的声音但是只能这样。

) / He can’t have finished reading the 800-page-long novel. (他不可能读完了那本长达800页的小说。

) / Something must be done to stop the fowl flu from spreading out. (该采取措施防止禽流感蔓延。

)(3)谓语动词切忌用“行为动词1 + 原形动词”、“be + 原形动词”。

记住使用下列正确形式:①情态动词+原形动词。

如:You’d better go over the lesson.(你最好复习这一课。

)②shall/ will/ would+原形动词。

如:They should have been there once.(他们应该去过那儿。

)③be+现在分词或者过去分词。

如:What are you doing thisevening?(今晚你打算做什么?)/ Many trees have been cut down since 1970s.(自从20世纪70年代大批树木被砍伐。

中考英语考前必背(句子成分与结构)

中考英语考前必背(句子成分与结构)

中考英语考前能力突破必背(全国通用)句子成分与结构每个句子里的词与词之间都有一定的组合关系, 按照不同的关系, 可以把句子分为不同的成分。

在英语中, 句子的成分包括主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语七种。

A)句子成分及框架图1. 主语功能与位置由……充当例句主语是一个句子的主体, 表示所说的是谁或是什么。

主语一般放在句首, 有时在特殊句型中主语放在句中或句末。

名词或名词短语Some students don’t like doing homework. 一些学生不喜欢做家庭作业。

代词He is a doctor. 他是一名医生。

数词Three and five is eight. 三加五等于八。

the+形容词/过去分词The rich should help the poor. 富人应该帮助穷人。

动词不定式To see is to believe. 眼见为实。

动名词Eating more vegetables is good for your health. 多吃蔬菜对你的健康有好处。

从句What he said is not true. 他说的不是实话。

2. 谓语3. 表语4. 宾语拓展:(1)双宾语: 指的是“动词+间接宾语(往往指人)+直接宾语(往往指物)”。

如: Could you lend me your bicycle? (=Could you lend your bicycle to me? )你能把你的自行车借给我吗?He bought his mother a handbag. (=He bought a handbag for his mother. )他给他妈妈买了一个手提包。

(2)复合宾语: 指的是“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”(详见下面的“宾语补足语”栏)。

5. 定语从句The man who is speaking there is his father. 正在那边说话的那个人是他的父亲。

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中考英语句子成分分析1.英语句子成分讲座·主语句子一般要有主语。

在简单句中,主语一般由名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式(短语)来充当。

动名词、动词不定式作主语时通常用it作形式主语。

■名词作主语English is very important.英语是很重要的。

The students all love their English teacher.这些学生都爱他们的英语老师。

■代词作主语They go to school by bus.他们乘公共汽车上学。

Most of the students come from the countryside.大多数学生来自农村。

■动名词作主语Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.看电视太多对你的眼睛是有害的。

It’s no use regretting it.后悔是无用的。

■动词不定式(短语)作主语To see is to believe.眼见为实。

It is very hard to get to sleep.入睡很难。

2.英语句子成分讲座·谓语谓语必须由动词充当,但动词不定式、动名词、分词为非谓语动词不能作谓语。

可作谓语的动词一般为行为动词(表动作)和连系动词(表状态),行为动词根据其后是否可直接接宾语,又可分为及物动词和不及物动词。

■及物动词作谓语We should help each other.我们应该互相帮助。

They respect one another.他们互相尊重(对方)。

All of the students like the novel.所有这些学生都喜欢这本小说。

Did you see many people there?你在那儿看见许多人了吗?■不及物动词作谓语He left here yesterday.他昨天离开这儿。

You’re driving too fast.你开车开得太快了。

The teacher came in, book in hand.老师走进教室,手里拿着书。

He went abroad in the September of 1988.他于1988年9月出国。

■连系动词表状态He is an excellent teacher.他是位优秀的教师。

Her son is a friend of ours.她的儿子是我们的朋友。

Ours is a great country.我们的国家是一个伟大的国家。

The box itself is not so heavy.箱子本身并不重。

3.英语句子成分讲座·表语表语与连系动词连用,构成系表结构,说明主语的身份或特征,一般由形容词、名词、动名词、动词不定式、分词等充当。

如:They are brother and sister.他们是兄妹。

What I want to say is this.我想说的就是这点。

Her father is sixty-five.她父亲65岁。

John is captain of the team.约翰是足球队的队长。

The poor boy was myself.那个可怜的孩子就是我自己。

The ones who really want it are ourselves.真正想要它的是我们自己。

All you need do is to take a taxi from the airport.你只需从机场打个的即可。

My favourite sport is swimming.我最喜爱的运动是游泳。

4.英语句子成分讲座·宾语宾语是行为动作的对象,一般可分为动词宾语和介词宾语,充当宾语的可以是名词、代词、动名词、动词不定式或整个句子。

如:I like Chinese food.我喜欢中国菜。

I bought a ticket for Milan.我买了一张去米兰的车票。

I enjoyed talking to you.我和你谈话很高兴。

Have you finished dressing?你衣服穿好了吗?He certainly did not want to join them.他确实不想参加他们的活动。

They decided to close the border.他们决定封闭边境。

We hoped that all would come well.我们希望一切都会好转。

We expected that you would stay for a few days.我们预计你会待几天的。

5.英语句子成分讲座·定语定语为句子的次要成分,起修饰限制名词或代词的作用,可分为前置定语和后置定语。

一般由形容词性物主代词、数词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词(短语)或句子充当。

His father is a doctor.他父亲是一名医生。

Mr. Green has two sons.格林先生有两个儿子。

The girl under the tree is Kate.在树底下的那个女孩是凯特。

The man downstairs couldn’t sleep well.楼下的那个人不能睡好觉。

I bought a new dictionary.我买了本新字典。

Can you find out the answer to the question?你能找到这个问题的答案吗?Would you like something to drink?你想要些喝的东西吗?A barking dog seldom bites.吠狗很少咬人。

A man going to die is always kind-hearted.人之将死,其言也善。

The suggestion sent to the committee was adopted.送往委员会的建议被采纳了。

Do you know the man who is standing next to Mr. Green?你认识站在格林先生旁边的那个人吗?6.英语句子成分讲座·状语英语中的状语用来修饰动词、形容词或副词,主要由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词充当,或由连词引导状语从句,表示时间、地点、程度、目的、方式,比较、让步、条件、原因、结果、伴随等。

(1)时间状语I often get up at 5:30 in the morning.我常常在早上5:30起床。

Hearing the news, they felt very excited.听到这个消息,他们感到很兴奋。

Go along this street until you reach the end.沿着这条街走直到到达尽头为止。

(2)地点状语Pandas only live in China.熊猫仅生活在中国。

You should put the book where it was.你应该把这本书放回原来的地方。

(3)程度状语I have quite a lot of work to do.我有相当多的工作要做。

(4)目的状语We’ll go to the beach for a picnic this Sunday.这个星期天我们将去沙滩野炊。

He took some change from his pocket to buy a newspaper.他从口袋里掏出一些零钱来买报纸。

She got up early so that she could catch the first bus.她早早地起床,以便能够赶上这辆早班车。

(5)方式状语We usually go to school on foot.我们通常步行去上学。

Please do it as I told you.请按我告诉你的去做。

(6)让步状语Though she has a lot of money, she is unhappy.虽然她很有钱,而她并不幸福。

No matter what happens, I will never lose heart.无论发生什么,我将决不失去信心。

(7)条件状语If you don’t work hard, you’ll fall behind the others.假如你不努力学习,你将落后于别人。

Given more attention, the flowers would have grown better.如果给予更多的关心的话,这些花将长得更好。

(8)比较状语Your watch is not the same as mine.你的手表与我的不一样。

Mike is not as (so) tall as Jack.迈克不及杰克高。

(9)原因状语We didn’t go to the park because of the bad we ather.由于天气不好,我们没有去公园。

I’m glad to meet you.见到你我很高兴。

Being ill, he didn’t go to school.由于病了,他没有去上学。

(10)结果状语The wind was so strong that we could hardly move forward.风是如此地猛烈,以致于我们寸步难行。

He left early, so that he caught the train.他早早地离去,(结果)因此赶上了火车。

(11)伴随状语The doctor hurried off, with a medicine box under his arm.这位医生匆匆离去,胳膊下夹着一个药箱子。

The teacher came into the classroom, followed by a group of his students.老师进到教室里来,后面跟着一群学生。

7.英语句子成分讲座·宾语补足语宾语补足语主要用来补充说明宾语,与宾语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系,可由名词、形容词、动词不定式、分词等充当。

如:Tom found the climb quite easy.汤姆觉得爬山很容易。

Don’t be so formal. Call me Jim.不要这样正规,叫我吉姆好了。

I’m finished. Let’s go now.我已干完,咱们走吧。

You must keep it clean.你要把它保持干净。

I have the car waiting.我让汽车等着。

We had the machine repaired.我们请人修理了机器。

Why don’t you have your hair cut?你为什么不理发?He had his finger cut.他的手指弄伤了。

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