考博英语(阅读理解)模拟试卷101(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语(阅读理解)练习试卷1(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语（阅读理解）练习试卷1(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. Reading ComprehensionReading ComprehensionThe bear is a classic and enduring American symbol for the benevolent wild. We tend to think well of bears, viewing them as large, powerful, stubborn creatures capable of mischief but somehow vaguely humorous and, like defensive tackles, essentially good-hearted. However, when it comes to direct dealings with bears, our behavior has not been especially benign. For better than three centuries we have been hunting them, trapping them, setting dogs on them, clearing and leveling their natural habitat. With the notable exception of grizzlies, bears have held up under this harassment better than many less conspicuous, more mobile creatures. Although there are fewer bears in the US than there were when Europeans first came to the continent, they still remain reasonably numerous. Bears now exist in population pockets scattered throughout most of their former range, which was just about all of the wooded parts of the country. Bears have suffered from what is called civilization, but they are outstanding exceptions to the generally held (but only sometimes true) notion that people and wild beasts are incompatible. Take the most abundant US species, the black bear for example. There is little evidence that black bears shy away from civilized areas or that, like good Sierra Clubbers, they find them psychologically, morally and esthetically repugnant. To the contrary, given any encouragement or even tolerance, black bears tend to make a beeline for settlements and prosper there until they are scragged or shooed away by frightened residents. Where this scragging and shooing process has been suspended, as in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, black bears have lumbered in from all over the woods to live cheek by jowl, snout by Winnebago, with people. (279 words)1．What trend has occurred in the bear population since Europeans first came toAmerica?A．The population has become smaller.B．The population has become larger.C．There are fewer species than ever before.D．They have died out.正确答案：A解析：第二段第二句开头“fewer bears”，所以答案足A“熊的数量变少了”。
考博模拟试题 北大考博解析英语试题.doc
考博模拟试题北大考博解析英语试题第一部分还是听力，分为三节。
唯一不同的是第三节，不是整篇文章中留出空格听写单词，而是在所念文章中选出十几个，留出空格让考生填。
今年的听力效果不是很好，朗读人读的似乎有些模糊而且语速非常快，加之北大听力是直接用喇叭播放，所以部分考生反响不爽。
而且，难点还在于每段对话后只留出几秒，让答出2到3个问题，这是十分考验考生的能力的。
第二部分是语法词汇。
今年似乎比历年看起来都要简单，因为根本上没有纯的选词题，没有生僻词，都是侧重考语法构造的。
所以考前记忆大量偏词没什么必要。
本人就记忆了一部分较难词汇，但没有派什么用场。
还是要把一些常用的词弄准、弄熟、把语法抠准。
这部分的题目为20分，假设做到以上说的，是一个大大的拿分点。
第三部分是阅读。
还是首先是三篇短文。
总体看来，今年的短文阅读题没有大量的生词，根本上意思都能够读懂，细心一点应该没有问题。
接着就是英语解释，也就是英翻英了，划出的五个句子生词较少，意思根本能懂，要害是如何用其他的句式和词汇来表达了。
本人这部分做得不是很爽，因为平时也没有多下工夫练习。
第四部分是完型填空，说的是微软公司的事情，要耐心的看上下文，才能发现应该填写的词是什么。
这个题型是北大的特色，没有选项，自己琢磨。
第五部分是改错，说的是大学筹募的事情。
有几处错误比较明显，但有几处较难，本人就有好几处是蒙着写的。
最后是作文，250字到300字，说的是对中药目前的为难场面的评论。
对于大家而言，对这个话题都有能说的，先打个腹稿，再利用一些套路模版，根本就可以应付了。
本人一向重答题速度而不重答题质量。
提前将近一个小时答完卷子，检查了一遍，改了几处，大部分是不知道对错不敢轻易改的。
关于改错题那几处难的的地方，本人到最后一分种还在挣扎着想，最终还是无果。
另外，北大不给草稿纸，自己是在桌子上写的作文提纲。
总体上说，北大英语逐步步向标准化，标准化，不再以难词、生僻词卡人（96年到99年的试题可以叫人发狂，四个选项单词一个不熟悉），而重在考察考生的英语能力和综合素质。
考博英语(阅读理解)模拟试卷70(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语（阅读理解）模拟试卷70(题后含答案及解析) 题型有： 3. Reading ComprehensionReading ComprehensionIn recent years many countries of the world have been faced with the problem of how to make their workers more productive. Some experts claim the answer is to make jobs more varied. But do more varied jobs lead to greater productivity? There is evidence to suggest that while variety certainly makes the workers’ life more enjoyable, it does not actually make them work harder. As far as increasing productivity is concerned, then variety is not an important factor. Other experts feel that giving the workers freedom to do their jobs in their own way is important and there is no doubt that this is true. The problem is that this kind of freedom cannot easily be given in the modern factory with its complicated machinery which must be used in a fixed way. Thus while freedom of choice may be important, there is usually very little that can be done to create it. Another important consideration is how much each worker contributes to the product he is making. In most factories bosses are now experimenting with having many small production lines rather than one large one, so that each worker contributes more to the production of the cars on his line. It would seem that not only is degree of worker contribution an important factor, but it is also one we can do something about. To what extent does more money lead to greater productivity? The workers themselves certainly think this important. But perhaps they want more only because the work they do is so boring. Money just lets them enjoy their spare time more. A similar argument may explain demands for shorter working hours. Perhaps if we succeed in making their jobs more interesting, they will neither want more, nor will shorter working hours be so important to them.1．Which of these possible factors leading to greater productivity is NOT true?A．To make jobs more varied.B．To give the workers freedom to do their jobs in their own way.C．Degree of worker contribution.D．Demands of longer working hours.正确答案：D解析：从文中内容可知，D项(延长工作时间)在第三段最后提到，但文中提到的是缩短工作时间，与D项相反，因此D项为正确答案。
考博英语(阅读理解)模拟试卷78(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语（阅读理解）模拟试卷78(题后含答案及解析) 题型有： 3. Reading ComprehensionReading ComprehensionIn a society where all aspects of our lives are dictated by scientific advances in technology, science is the essence of our existence. Without the vast advances made by chemists, physicists, biologists, geologists and other diligent scientists, our standards of living would decline, our flourishing wealthy nation might come to an economic depression, and our people would suffer from diseases that could not be cured. As a society we ignorantly take advantage of the amenities provided by science, yet our lives would be altered interminably without them. Health care, one of the aspects of our society that separates us from our archaic ancestors, is founded exclusively on scientific discoveries and advances. Without the vaccines created by doctors, diseases such as polio, measles, hepatitis, and the flu would pose a threat to our citizens, for although some of these diseases may not be deadly, their side effects can be a vast detriment to an individual affected with the disease. In addition, science has developed perhaps the most awe-inspiring vital invention in the history of the world, the computer. Without the presence of this machine our world could exist, but the conveniences brought into life by the computer are unparalleled. Despite the greatness of present-day innovators and scientists and their revelations, it is requisite to examine the amenities of science that our culture so blatantly disregards. For instance, the light bulb, electricity, the telephone, running water, and the automobile are present-day staples of our society, however, they were not present until scientists discovered them. Because of the contribution of scientists, our world is ever metamorphosing, and this metamorphosis economically and personally comprises our society, whether our society is cognizant of this or not.1．In the first paragraph the author implies that we______.A．would not survive without scienceB．take the amenities of science for grantedC．could have raised the standards of living with scienceD．would be free of disease because of scientific with advances正确答案：B解析：推理题。
考博英语(阅读理解)模拟试卷60(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语（阅读理解）模拟试卷60(题后含答案及解析) 题型有： 3. Reading ComprehensionReading ComprehensionFear and its companion pain are two of the most useful things that men and animals possess, if they are properly used. If fire did not hurt when it burnt, children would play it until their hands were burnt away. Similarly, if pain existed but fear did not, a child would burn itself again and again, because fear would not warn it to keep away from the fire that had burnt it before. A really fearless soldier—and some do exist—is not a good soldier because he is soon killed; and a dead soldier is of no use to his army. Fear and pain are therefore two guards without which men and animals might soon die out. In our first sentence we suggested that fear ought to be properly used. If, for example, you never go out of your house because of the danger of being knocked down and killed in the street by a car, you are letting fear rule you too much. Even in your house you are not absolutely safe: an airplane may crash on your house, or ants may eat away some of the beams in your roof so that the latter falls on you, or you may get cancer! The important thing is not to let fear rule you, but instead to use fear as your servant and guide. Fear will warn you of dangers; then you have to decide what action to take. In many cases, you can take quick and successful action to avoid the danger. For example, you see a car coming straight towards you; fear warns you, you jump out of the way, and all is well. In some cases, however, you decide that there is nothing that you can do to avoid the danger. For example, you cannot prevent an airplane crashing onto your house. In this case, fear has given you its warning; you have examined it and decided on your course of action, so fear of this particular danger is no longer of any use to you, and you have to try to overcome it.1．Children would play with fire until their hands were burnt away if______.A．they were given no warning beforehandB．they had never burnt themselvesC．they had no sense of painD．they were fearful of the fire正确答案：C解析：本题的依据是文章第一段的第二句话：If fire did not hurt when it burnt。
考博英语(阅读理解)模拟试卷114(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语（阅读理解）模拟试卷114(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 3. Reading ComprehensionReading ComprehensionAging happens to all of us, and is generally thought of as a natural part of life. It would seem silly to call such a thing a “disease.”On the other hand, scientists are increasingly learning that aging and biological age are two different things, and that the former is a key risk factor for conditions such as heart disease, cancer and many more. In that light, aging itself might be seen as something treatable, the way you would treat high blood pressure or a vitamin deficiency. Biophysicist Alex Zhavoronkov believes that aging should be considered a disease. He said that describing aging as a disease creates incentives to develop treatments. “It unties the hands of the pharmaceutical (制药的) industry so that they can begin treating the disease and not just the side effects,” he said. “Right now, people think of aging as natural and something you can’t control,” he said. “In academic circles, people take aging research as just an interest area where they can try to develop interventions. The medical community also takes aging for granted, and can do nothing about it except keep people within a certain health range.”“But if aging were recognized as a disease,”he said. “It would attract funding and change the way we do health care. What matters is understanding that aging is curable.”“It was always known that the body accumulates damage,” he added. “The only way to cure aging is to find ways to repair that damage. I think of it as preventive medicine for age-related conditions.”Leonard Hayflick, a professor at the University of California, San Francisco, said the idea that aging can be cured implies the human lifespan can be increased, which some researchers suggest is possible. Hayflick is not among them. “There’re many people who recover from cancer, stroke, or heart disease. But they continue to age, because aging is separate from their disease,” Hayflick said. “Even if those causes of death were eliminated, life expectancy would still not go much beyond 92 years.”1．What do people generally believe about aging?A．It should cause no alarm whatsoever.B．They just cannot do anything about it.C．It should be regarded as a kind of disease.D．They can delay it with advances in science.正确答案：B解析：本题可参照文章的第1段。
考博英语模拟试题与答案详解
考博英语模拟试题Part I Listening Comprehension(15 points) (略)Part II Reading Comprehension (40 % )Directions:There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each or them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on thebest choice and then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage:Eight times within the past million years, something in the Earth's climatic equation has changed, allowing snow in the mountains and the northern latitudes to accumulate from one season to the next instead ofmelting away. Each time, the enormous ice sheets resulting from this continual buildup lasted tens of thousands of years until the end of each particular glacial cycle brought a warmer climate. Scientists speculatedthat these glacial cycles were ultimately driven by astronomical factor: slow, cyclic changes in the eccentricity of the Earth's orbit and in the tilt and orientation of its spin axis. But up until around 30 years ago, the lackof an independent record of ice-age timing made the hypothesis untreatable.Then in the early 1950's Emirian produced the first complete record of the waxwings and awnings of firstglaciations. It came from a seemingly odd place, the seafloor. Single-cell marine organisms called "foraminifera'' house themselves in shells made from calcium carbonate. When the foraminifera die, sink to the bottom, and become part of seafloor sediments, the carbonate of their shells preserves certain characteristics ofthe seawater they inhabited. In particular, the ratio of a heavy isotope of oxygen (oxygen- 18) to ordinaryoxygen (oxygen - 16) in the carbonate preserves the ratio of the two oxygen’s in water molecules.It is now understood that the ratio of oxygen isotopes reflects the proportion of the world's water lockedup in glaciers and ice sheets. A kind of meteorological distillation accounts for the link. Water molecules containing the heavier isotope tend to condense and fall as precipitation slightly sooner than molecules containingthe lighter isotope. Hence, as water vapor evaporated from warm oceans moves away from its source, its oxygen - 18 returns more quickly to the oceans than does its oxygen - 16. What falls as snow on distant icesheets and mountain glaciers is relatively depleted of oxygen -18. As the oxygen -18 -poor ice builds up,the oceans become relatively enriched in the isotope. The larger the ice sheets grow, the higher the proportionof oxygen - 18 becomes in seawater -- and hence in the sedimentsAnalyzing cores drilled from seafloor sediments, Mililani found that the isotopic ratio rose and fell inrough accord with the Earth's astronomical cycles. Since that pioneering observation, oxygen isotope measurements have been made on hundreds of cores. The combined record enables scientists to show that the record contains the very periodicities as the orbital processes. Over the past 800, 000 years, the global ice volume peaked every 100,000 years, matching the period of the orbital eccentricity variation. In addition,"wrinkles" superposed on each cycle -- small decreases or surges in ice volume -- have come at intervals ofroughly 23, 000 and 41,000 years, in keeping with the precession and tilt frequencies of the Earth's spinaxis.16. In opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by________A. unfolding a phenomenon.B. posing a contrast.C. refuting a speculation.D. testifying a hypothesis.17. The expression "waxings and wanings" (Paragraph 2) most probably means ________A. regularities and eccentricities.B. vaporizations and sediments.C. variants and constants.D. maximizations an minimizations.18. As pointed out in the text, the ratio of oxygen - 18 to oxygen - 16 in seafloor sediments and that of these isotopes locked in glaciers and ice-sheets are________A. irrelevant.B. correlated.C. corresponding.D. identical.19. Single-cell marine organisms referred to as "foraminifera" as mentioned in the text might serve as_________A. a proof against the existence of oxygen.B. a testimony to sediment formation processes.C. a valid record justifying glacial periodic cycles.D. an indicator of the ratio of the two oxygen’s.20. What can we safely infer from the text?A. Many a phenomenon might be caused by astronomical factors.B. Any hypothesis should be abandoned unless supported by solid records.C. Glaciers are the records keeping Earth's astronomical cycles.D. Oxygen isotopes are evenly distributed throughout the earth surface.Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:If you smoke and you still don't believe that there's a definite between smoking and bronchial troubles,heart disease and lung cancer, then you are certainly deceiving yourself. No one will accuse you of hypocrisy. Let us just say that you are suffering from a bad case of wishful thinking. This needn't make you too uncomfortable because you are in good company. Whenever the subject of smoking and health is raised, thegovernments of most countries hear no evil, see no evil and smell no evil. Admittedly, a few governmentshave taken timid measures. In Britain, for example, cigarette advertising has been banned on television. Theconscience of the nation is appeased, while the population continues to puff its way to smoky, cancerousdeath.You don't have to look very far to find out why the official reactions to medical findings have been solukewarm. The answer is simply money. Tobacco is a wonderful commodity to tax. It's almost like a tax onour daily bread. In tax revenue alone, the government of Britain collects enough from smokers to pay for itsentire educational facilities. So while the authorities point out ever so discreetly that smoking may, conceivably, be harmful, it doesn't do to shout too loudly about it.This is surely the most short-sighted policy you could imagine. While money is eagerly collected in vastsums with one hand, it is paid out in increasingly vaster sums with the other. Enormous amounts are spent oncancer research and on efforts to cure people suffering from the disease. Countless valuable lives are lost. In thelong run, there is no doubt that everybody would be much better-off if smoking were banned altogether.Of course, we are not ready for such drastic action. But if the governments of the world were honestlyconcerned about the welfare of their peoples, you'd think they'd conduct aggressive antismoking campaigns. Far from it! The tobacco industry is allowed to spend staggering sums on advertising. Its advertisingis as insidious as it is dishonest. We are never shown pictures of real smokers coughing up their lungs early inthe morning. That would never do. The advertisements always depict virile, clean-shaven young men. Theysuggest it is manly to smoke, even positively healthy! Smoking is associated with the great open-air life,with beautiful girls, true love and togetherness. What utter nonsense!For a start, governments, could begin by banning all cigarette and tobacco advertising and should thenconduct anti-smoking advertising campaigns of their own. Smoking should be banned in all public places liketheatres, cinemas and restaurants. Great efforts should be made to inform young people especially of the direconsequences of taking up the habit. A horrific warning -- say, a picture of a death's head -- should be included in every packet of cigarettes that is sold. As individuals we are certainly weak, but if governments acted honestly and courageously, they could protect us from ourselves.21. The best title of the text may be _______A. give up the habit of smoking immediately.B. word governments should conduct serious campaigns against smoking.C. go on with anti-smoking lobby vigorously.D. world governments should allocate more funds on cancer researches.22. As pointed out in the text, governments are reluctant to exercise total ban on cigarette and tobacco advertising _____A. in the interests of financial rewards.B. for the sake of the public's welfare.C. without regard to tax collections.D. in anticipation of smokerslobbying.23. The word "hypocrisy" ( Paragraph 2) denotes ______A. dishonesty.B. predicament.C. indecision.D. intimidation.24. It can be concluded that anti-smoking campaigns should be conducted_______A. insidiously and discreetly.B. vividly and attractively.C. aggressively and drastically.D. disinterestedly and bravely.25. The author is most critical of________A. anti-smoking lobbyists.B. tobacco advertisers.C. world governments.D. tax collectors.Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:It is the staff of dreams and nightmares. Where Tony Blair's attempts to make Britain love the Euro havefallen on deaf ears, its incarnation as notes and coins will succeed. These will be used not just in the Euro area but in Britain. As the British become accustomed to the Euro as a cash currency, they will warm to itpaving the way for a yes note in a referendum.The idea of Euro creep appeals to both sides of the Euro argument. According to the pros, as Britons become familiar with the Euro, membership will start to look inevitable, so those in favor are bound towin. According to the antis, as Britons become familiar with the Euro, membership will start to look inevitable, so those opposed must mobilize for the fight.Dream or nightmare, Euro creep envisages the single currency worming its way first into the British economy and then into the affections of voters. British tourists will come back from their European holidaysladen with Euros, which they will spend not just at airports but in high street shops. So, too, will foreignvisitors. As the Earn becomes a parallel currency, those who make up the current two-o-one majority willchange their minds. From there, it will be a short step to decide to dispense with the pound.Nell Kinnock, a European commissioner and former leader of the Labor Party, predicts that the Eurowill soon become Britain's second currency. Hans Eichel, the German finance minister, also says that it willbecome a parallel currency in countries like Switzerland and Britain. Peter Hain, the European minister whois acting as a cheerleader for membership, says the Euro will become "a practical day-to-day reality and thatwill enable people to make a sensible decisionabout it". As many as a third of Britain's biggest retailers,such as Marks and Spencer, have said they will take Euros in some of their shops. BP has also announcedthat it will accept Euros at some of its garages.But there is less to this than meet the eye. British tourists can now withdraw money from cash point fromEuropean holiday destinations, so they are less likely than in the past to end up with excess foreign money. Even if they do, they generally get rid of it at the end of their holidays, says David Southwell, a spokesman for the British Retail Consortium (BRC).26. According to the writer, once the British get used to the Euro,__A. there will be no obstacle for it to be a currency in Britain.B. it will take the place of pound in whatever aspects in Britain.C. the British will accept it as a cash currency gradually.D. it will become a symbol of reunification for European countries.27. The writer seems_________A. to be over-enthusiastic about the success of the Euro.B. to launch a vigorous campaign against the Euro creep.C. to hold a hostile attitude towards Euro expansions.D. to take a matter-of-face attitude towards the issue.28. The word "cheerleader" ( Paragraph 4) can best be replaced by ________A. "voter".B. "advocator".C. "critic".D. "prophet".29. What does the writer intends to illustrate with Marks and Spencer.9A. A kind of professional service.B. Objections to the Euro creep.C. A type of subjective brand loyalty.D. Expansions of the Euro in Britain.30. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?A. The Prospect of the Euro in Britain.B. A New Currency under Attack.C. The Popularity of the Euro in Britain.D. A Theme of Dreams and Nightmares. Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:Whenever you see an old film, even one made as little as ten years ago, you cannot help being struckby the appearance of the women taking part. Their hairstyles and make-up look dated; their skirts look eithertoo long or too short; their general appearance is, in fact, slightly ludicrous. The men taking part in the film,on the other hand, are clearly recognizable. There is nothing about their appearance to suggest that they belong to an entirely different age.This illusion is created by changing fashions. Over the years, the great majority of men have successfullyresisted all attempts to make them change their style of dress. The same cannot be said for women. Each yeara few so-called top designers' in Paris or London lay down the law and women the whole world over msh toobey. The doctrines of the designers are unpredictable and dictatorial. This year, they decide in their arbitraryfashion, skirts will be short and waists will be high; zips are in and buttons are out,, Next year the law is reversed and far from taking exception, no one is even mildly surprised.If women are mercilessly exploited year after year, they have only themselves to blame. Because theyshudder at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are annually blackmailed by the designers and the big stores, Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be discarded because of the dictates of fashion. When you come to think of it, only a woman is capable of standingin front of a wardrobe packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear.Changing fashions are nothing more than the deliberate creation of waste. Many women squander vastsums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn. Woman who cannot afford to discardclothing in this way waste hours of their time altering the dresses they have. Hemlines are taken up or letdown; waist-lines are taken in or let out; neck-lines are lowered or raised, and so on.No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and durability. They are only interested inoutward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort providing they look right. There can hardly be a man who hasn't at some time in his life smiled at thesight of a woman shivering in a flimsy dress on a wintry day, or delicately picking her way through deepsnow in dainty shoes.When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion, the conclusions to be drawn are obvious. Dothe constantly changing fashions of women's clothes, one wonders, reflect basic qualities of fickleness andinstability? Men are too sensible to let themselves be bullied by fashion designers. Do their unchanging stylesof dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability? That is for you to decide.31. In the opening paragraph, the writer introduced his topic by________A. introducing an illusion.B. making a comparison.C. depicting a vivid scene.D. posing a sharp contrast.32. In the eyes of the author, the dictates of fashion probably means a sort of design characterized by ________A. obsolescence and sensibility.B. uniqueness and stability.C. creativity and hypocrisy.D. inconstancy and irrationality.33. The word "blackmailed" most probably means ________A. "taken advantage of"B. "given thought to".C. "taken into account".D. "born in mind".34. The writer would be less critical if fashion designers placed more stress on the _______ of clothing.A. suitabilityB. comfortC. appearanceD. fabric35. It can be inferred from the passage that women should________A. see through the very nature of fashion myths.B. boycott the products of the fashion industry.C. avoid following fashion doctrines too closely.D. blame designers for their waste of money.Part III Vocabulary (10 % )Directions:There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices markedA, B, C and D. Choose the best one that completes the sentence or is nearest in meaning with the underlinedword. And then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.36. The recovery and ________ of the country' s economy has also been accompanied by increasing demands for high quality industrial sites in 'attractive locations.A. renewalB. revivalC. recessionD. relief37. In fact tho purchasing power of a single person's pension in Hong Kong was only 70 per cent of the value of the ______ Singapore pension.A. equivalentB. similarC. consistentD. identical38. It seems a reasonable rule of thumb that any genuine offer of help and support from people or organizations will be accompanied by a name and address, and a willingness to be ______ as to their motive inmaking contact.A. seen throughB. checked outC. touched onD. accounted to39. According to BBC boxing reporter Mike Costello ,just as there is worldwide _______ with boxing, so thereis worldwide opposition.A. passionB. attractionC. emotionD. fascination40. Although there are several variations on the exact format that worksheets can take, they are all similar intheir _______ aspects.A. potentialB. socialC. essentialD. partial41. ________ any advice which you can get from the interviewer and follow up suggestions for improving yourpresentation and qualifications.A. Take the most ofB. Keep the most ofC. Have the most ofD. Make the most of42. There is a loss of self-confidence, a sense of personal failure, great anger and a feeling of being utterly_______A. let aloneB. let outC. let downD. let on43. Japan remains tied to the Western camp partly because the relationship has become __ to her economy and politics over forty years' association.A. integralB. unilateralC. rationalD. hierarchical44. With most online recruitment services,jobseekers must choose their words 'carefully;________ the searchengine will never make the correct match.A. thereforeB. whereasC. providedD. otherwise45. The child should always ______ the same basic procedure:seeing the whole word-heating and pronouncing-writing from memory.A. go throughB. take overC. respond toD. carry off46. That MGM Grand Youth Center is open to children 3 - 12 years old _______ what hotel they are stayingin.A. regardless inB. regardless ofC. regardless onD. regardless from47. Ever since Geoffrey sent a sizeable cheque to a well-known charity he's been _______ with requests formoney from all sides.A. devastatedB. smashedC. bombardedD. cracked48. Knowing that the cruel criminal has done a lot of unlawful things, feel sure that I have no _________ but toreport him to the local police.A. timeB. chanceC. authorityD. alternative49. Behind his large smiles and large cigars, his eyes often seemed to regret.A. teem withB. brim withC. come withD. look with50. They are always ready to heavy responsibilities.A. take inB. take onC. put onD. put in51. There is only one difference between an old man and a young onethe young one has a glorious futurebefore him and the old one has a ________ future behind him.A. splendidB. conspicuousC. uproariousD. imminent52. That tragedy distressed me so much that I used to keep indoors and go out only______necessity.A. within reach ofB. for fear ofC. by means ofD. in case of53. A young man sees a sunset and unable to understand or express the emotion that it ______ in him, concludes that it must be the gateway to a world that lies beyond.A. reflectsB. retainsC. rousesD. radiates54. _______ the heat to a simmer and continue to cook for another 8 - 10 minutes or until most of the waterhas evaporated.A. Turn offB. Turn overC. Turn downD. Turn up55. Banks shall be unable to _______,or claim relief against the first 15% of any loan or bankrupted debt leftwith them.A. write offB. put asideC. shrink fromD. come overPart IV Cloze (10 % )Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A,B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letteron the Answer Sheet.Every second, 56 hectare of the world's rainforest is destroyed. That's one to two football fields.This 57 rate of destruction has serious consequences 58 the environment. Scientists estimate,forexample, that 137 59 of plant, insect or animal become 60 every day due to logging. In British Columbia, 61 , since 1990,thirteen rainforest valleys have been clear cut, 142 species of salmon have alreadybecome extinct, and the 62 of grizzly bears, wolves and many other creatures are threatened. Logging, 63 , provides jobs, profits, taxes for the government and cheap products of all kinds for consumers, so thegovernment is 64 to restrict or control it. Much of Canada's forestry production 65 making pulp andpaper. According to the Canadian Pulp and Paper Association, Canada 66 34% of the world's wood pulpand 49% of its newsprint paper. If these paper products could be produced in some other way, Canadian forests could be 67 . Recently, a possible 68 way of producing paper has been suggested by agriculturalists and environmentalists:a plant called hemp. Hemp has been cultivated by many cultures for thousands ofyears. It produces fore which can be 69 paper, fuel, oils, textiles, food, and rope. For many centuries, itwas essential to the economies of many countries 70 it was used to make the ropes and cables used onsailing ships;colonial expansion and the establishment of a world-wide trading 71 would not have beenpossible 72 hemp. Nowadays, ships' cables are usually made from wire or synthetic fibres, but scientistsare now suggesting that the cultivation of hemp should be 73 for the production of paper and pulp. Accordingto its proponents, four-times as 74 paper can be produced from land using hemp rather than trees, andmany environmentalists believe that the 75 scale cultivation of hemp could reduce the pressure onCanada's forests.56. A. matching B. equivalent C. mounting D. reaching57. A. great B. wonderful C. imaginary D. alarming58. A. for B. on C. at D. to59. A. types B. categories C. species D. classes60. A. extinct B. distinct C. dead D. exhausted61. A. when B. who C. where D. which62. A. territory B. land C. habitat D. inhabitant63. A. however B. furthermore C. otherwise D. instead64. A. willing B. likely C. reluctant D. intended65. A. goes up B. goes towards C. goes into D. goes at66. A. supplies B. offers C. presents D. provides67. A. maintained B. sustained C. preserved D. held68. A. optional B. potential C. promising D. alternative69. A. made into B. made for C. made up D. made of70. A. since B. because C. as D. while71. A. link B. exchange C. network D. site72. A. except B. without C. with D. besides73. A. resumed B. renewed C. refreshed D. revived74. A. much B. many C. few D. more75. A. great B. large C. immense D. massivePart V Translation from English into ChineseDirections:Translate the following passage into Chinese, and then write it on the ANSWER SHEET.What, then, does Drucker suggest are the new knowledge-based industries on which economic growthwill depend? He discusses three categories of such industries. The first of these is the information industry. This industry collects, stores, spreads, and applies knowledge. It depends on the computer. In the future,however, the computer itself will probably become less important than communicating and applying knowledge. Dmcker foresees a central computer that will make information available to everyone. Another sourceof new industries is the science of the oceans. New technologies may help to supply food and minerals fromthe seas. A third new source of economic growth is the materials industry. This industry provides the materialsfor making objects. One such industry that has already become economically important is the plastic industry. Dmcker explains that throughout history our traditional materials have been metals, glass, natural fibers,and paper. Today, with the help of modem science, industries can make many new materials to meet specificneeds. Because they will be created to fit a certain product, they will be highly efficient. Consequently, hepoints out, industries that supply traditional materials such as steel or glass Will have trouble competing withthose that produce these new materials.Part VI Writing( 15 % )Directions:A. Study the following picture carefully and write an essay of about 200 words.B. Your essay should meet the requirements below:( 1 ) describe the picture and interpret its meaning.(2) point out the problem and give your comments.C. Your essay must be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)参考答案与解析16．A 题干问：“在文章开头作者通过什么方式引入话题?”正确选项为A“揭示一种自然现象”。
考博英语(阅读理解)模拟试卷54(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语（阅读理解）模拟试卷54(题后含答案及解析) 题型有： 3. Reading ComprehensionReading ComprehensionThe payroll register constitutes the treasurer department’s authority to pay the employees. Payment is usually made in the form of a check drawn on the company’s regular bank account. Pre-numbered payroll checks should be used, and there should be independent verification of the agreement of the checks with the payroll register in detail and in total. Payroll checks should be distributed directly to employees, on proper identification, by treasurer’s department personnel. The checks should not be returned to payroll for distribution since the payroll department would then have control over both preparing and paying the payroll. Alternatively, payroll checks may be deposited directly in the employee’s checking account. Payment of employees in cash is the exception rather than the rule. This form of payment is more easily influenced by errors, irregularities, and robbery than payment by check. Following payment, check numbers are entered on the register, the preparation and payment of the payroll are programmed on a computer. A termination notice should be issued by the personnel department on the completion of an individual’s employment with the company. Copies of the termination authorization should be sent to the employee’s supervisor and to payroll, and a copy should be filed in the employee’s personnel record. The proper execution of this function is vital in preventing terminated employees from continuing on the payroll. The subsequent diversion of such payroll checks to an unauthorized individual has been responsible for many payroll cheat through the years. Every company is expected to fulfill the legal requirements relevant to the filing of payroll tax returns and the payment of the resulting taxes. Ordinarily, the payroll department prepares the tax returns and a check is issued through the guarantor system in payment of the taxes. The responsibility for the filing of returns before due dates should be assigned to a payroll department supervisor. Furthermore, there should be independent verification within that department of the accuracy and completeness of the return. Effective control over tax returns is necessary to avoid penalties for late or incorrect filings.1．According to the passage employees should be paid______.A．monthly in cashB．weekly by bankC．regularly by checkD．properly in time正确答案：C解析：本题的依据句是文章第1段中的Payment is usually made in the form ofa checkdrawn on the company’s regular bank account．从中可知C项为正确答案。
厦门大学考博英语模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)
厦门大学考博英语模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Cloze 2. Reading Comprehension 3. Structure and V ocabulary 4. English-Chinese Translation 5. WritingClozeI have never seen Mrs. Clark before, but I know from her medical chart and the report I received from the preceding shift that tonight she will die. The only light in her room is coming from a piece of medical equipment, which is flashing its red light as if is warning. As I stand there, the smell hits my nose, and I close my eyes as I remember the smell of decay from past experience. In my mouth I have a sour, vinegar taste coming from the pit of my stomach. I reach for the light switch, and as it silently lights the scene, I return to the bed to observe the patient with an unemotional, medical eye. Mrs. Clark is dying. She lies motionless: the head seems unusually large on a skeleton body; the skin is dark yellow and hangs loosely around exaggerated bones that not even a blanket can hide; the right arm lies straight out at the side, taped cruelly to a board to secure a needle so that fluid may drip in; the left arm is across the sunken chest, which rises and falls with the uneven breath. I reached for the long, thin fingers that are lying on the chest. They are ice cold, and I quickly move to the wrist and feel for the faint pulse. Mrs Clark’s eyes open somewhat as her head turns towards me slightly. I bend close to her and scarcely hear as she whispers, “Water.” Taking a glass of water from the table, I put my finger over the end of the straw and allow a few drops of the cool moisture to slide into her mouth and ease her thirst. She makes no attempt to swallow; there is just not enough strength. “More,” the dry voice says, and we repeat the procedure. This time she does manage to swallow some liquid and weakly says, “Thank you.”She is too weak for conversation. So without asking, I go about providing for her needs. Picking her up in my arms like a child, I turn her on her side. Naked, except for a light hospital gown, she is so very small and light that she seems like a victim of some terrible famine. I remove the lid from a jar of skin cream and put some on the palm of my hands. Carefully, to avoid injuring her, I rub cream into the yellow skin, which rolls freely over the bones, feeling perfectly the outline of each bone in the back. Placing a pillow between her legs, I notice that these too are ice cold, and not until I run my hands up over her knees do I feel any of the life-giving warmth of blood. When I am finished, I pull a chair up beside the bed to face her and, taking her free hand between mine, again notice the long, thin fingers, graceful. I wonder briefly if she has any family, and then I see that there are neither flowers, nor pictures of rainbows and butterflies drawn by children, nor cards. There is no hint in the room anywhere that this is a person who is loved. As though she is a mind reader, Mrs. Clark answers my thoughts and quietly tells me, “I sent…my family…home…tonight…didn’t want…them…to see…” Having spent her last ounce of strength she cannot go on, but I have understood what she has done. Not knowing what to say, I say nothing.Again she seems to sense my thoughts, “You…stay…”Time seems to stand still. In the total silence, I feel my own pulse quicken and hear my breathing as it begins to match hers, breath for uneven breath. Our eyes meet and somehow, together, we become aware that this is a special moment between two human beings…Her long fingers curl easily around my hands and I nod my head slowly, smiling. Without words, through yellowed eyes, I receive my thank you and her eyes slowly close. Some unknown interval of time passes before her eyes open again, only this time there is no response in them, just a blank stare. Without warning, her shallow breathing stops, and within a few moments, the faint pulse is also gone. One single tear flows from her left eye, across the cheek and down onto the pillow. I begin to cry quietly. There is a swell of emotion within me for this stranger who so quickly came into and went from my life. Her suffering is done, yet so is the life. Slowly, still holding her hand, I become aware that I do not mind this emotional battle that in fact, it was a privilege she has allowed me, and I would do it again, gladly. Mrs. Clark spared her family an episode that perhaps they were not equipped to handle and instead shared it with me. She had not wanted to have her family see her die, yet she did not want to die alone. No one should die alone, and I am glad I was there for her. Two days later, I read about Mrs. Clark in the newspaper. She was the mother of seven, grandmother of eighteen, an active member of her church, a leader of volunteer associations in her community, a concert piano player, and a piano teacher for over thirty years.Yes, they were long and graceful fingers. A drip K liquid B secured L famine C decay M jar D preceding N slide E straw O thirst F faint P fluid G pit Q moisture H chart R loosely I palm S hit J lid T indication The medical【1】from the 【2】shift was the first【3】I got that Mrs. Clark would die. There was also a smell of 【4】in the room that【5】me in the【6】of my stomach. The patient’s skin hung【7】so a needle was【8】to let the【9】【10】in. She had a 【11】pulse and was thirsty, so I gave her a 【12】of a few drops of 【13】to 【14】into her mouth to ease her 【15】. Having managed to swallow some 【16】, she said “Thank you.” She was so small and light that she looked like a victim of some terrible 【17】. I removed the 【18】of a 【19】of cream and put some on the 【20】of my hand. Then I rubbed the cream into her yellow skin to make her feel better.1．正确答案：H2．正确答案：D3．正确答案：T 4．正确答案：C 5．正确答案：S 6．正确答案：G 7．正确答案：R 8．正确答案：B 9．正确答案：P 10．正确答案：A 11．正确答案：F 12．正确答案：E 13．正确答案：Q 14．正确答案：N15．正确答案：O16．正确答案：K17．正确答案：L18．正确答案：J19．正确答案：M20．正确答案：IReading ComprehensionThe main idea of these business—school academics is appealing. In a word where companies must adapt to new technologies and source of competition, it is much harder than it used to be to offer good employees job security and an opportunity to climb the corporate ladder. Yet it is also more necessary than ever for employees to invest in better skills and sparkle with bright ideas. How can firms get the most out of people if they can no longer offer them protection and promotion? Many bosses would love to have an answer. Sumantrra Ghoshal of the London Business School and Christopher Bartlett of the Harvard Business School think they have one: “Employability.” If managers offer the right kinds of training and guidance, and change their attitude towards their underlings, they will be able to reassure their employees that they will always have the skills and experience to find a good job—even if it is with a different company. Unfortunately, they promise more than they deliver. Their thoughts on what an ideal organization should accomplish are hard to quarrel with: encourage people to be creative, make sure the gains from creativity are shared with the pains of the business that can make the most of them, keep theorganization from getting stale and so forth. The real disappointment comes when they attempt to show how firms might actually create such an environment. At its hub is the notion that companies can attain their elusive goals by changing their implicit contract with individual workers, and treating them as a source of value rather than a cog in a machine. The authors offer a few inspiring example of companies—they include Motorola, 3M and ABB—that have managed to go some way towards creating such organizations. But they offer little useful guidance on how to go about it, and leave the biggest questions unanswered. How do you continuously train people, without diverting them from their everyday job of making the business more profitable? How do you train people to be successful elsewhere while still encouraging them to make big commitments to your own firm? How do you get your newly liberated employees to spend their time on ideas that create value, and not simply on those they enjoy? Most of their answers are platitudinous, and when they are not they are unconvincing.21．We can infer from the passage that in the past an employee______.A．had job security and opportunity of promotionB．had to compete with each other to keep his jobC．had to undergo training all the timeD．had no difficulty climbing the corporate ladder正确答案：A解析：从第1段的句子可以看出，过去一个好的职员很容易获得事业保险(job security )和晋升的机会(opportunity to climb the corporate ladder)。
考博英语模拟试卷10(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语模拟试卷10(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Grammar 3. Cloze 4. Reading Comprehension 5. English-Chinese Translation 6. Chinese-English Translation 7. WritingStructure and V ocabulary1．He seemed reluctant to send his troops in an effort to discourage the ______ peasants.A．animatedB．rebelliousC．creasedD．impassive正确答案：B解析：句意：他似乎不太愿意用他的军队去阻止起义的农民。
rebellious反叛的，反抗的；animated活泼的，生动的；creased有折痕的；impassive冷漠的。
2．The company will ______ to its agreement, no matter how costly the process may be.A．retainB．alterC．abandonD．adhere正确答案：D解析：句意：该公司将信守协议，不论这一过程的代价有多大。
adhere坚持，与to构成常用词组；retain保持，保留；alter改变；abandon放弃，遗弃。
3．The drug store at the comer of our street sells aspirins and ______ penicillin prescriptions.A．dispensesB．disposesC．dispersesD．dispatches正确答案：B解析：句意：街角上的药店出售aspirins和处方penicillin。
dispose处理；dispense分配，分发；disperse(使)分散，(使)分开；dispatch分派，派遣。
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考博英语（阅读理解）模拟试卷101(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.02 billion bid by Norfolk Southern and CSX to acquire Conrail this year. Conrail’s net railway operating income in 1996 was just 427 million, less than half of the carrying costs of the transaction. Who’s going to pay for the rest of the bill? Many captive shippers fear that they will, as Norfolk Southern and CSX increase their grip on the market.11．According to those who support mergers railway monopoly is unlikely because______.A．cost reduction is based On competitionB．services call for cross-trade coordinationC．outside competitors will continue to existD．shippers will have the railway by the throat正确答案：C解析：本题可参照文章的第2段。
从中可知，支持这种新型的超级铁路的人宣称，这些合并会考虑大幅度降低成本，并更好地协调货运服务。
他们认为，任何来自垄断的威胁都可以通过来自于汽车运输的激烈竞争而消除。
据此可知，支持铁路合并的人认为，来自于外面的激烈竞争会消除垄断的局面。
C项与文意相符，因此C项为正确答案。
知识模块：阅读理解12．What is many captive shippers’ attitude towards the consolidation in the rail industry?A．Indifferent.B．Supportive.C．Indignant.D．Apprehensive.正确答案：D解析：本题可参照文章的第3段。
从中可知，典型的情况是，在没有竞争对手时，铁路公司一般向这样的“受制的”托运人多收取20％～30％的费用。
从文章第5段的内容可知，许多受制的托运人也担心将受到又一轮费用大幅度增加的打击；就整个铁路行业来说，其收入仍不足以支付它必须用于维持日益增加的运输而投入的资金：而且，铁路公司仍在借贷资金以相互兼并；今年，Norfolk Southern和CSX公司投入了10．2亿美元兼并了联合铁路公司；许多受制的托运人担心，随着Norfolk Southern公司和CSX对市场的控制力加强，托运人将承担余下的费用。
据此可知，受控制的托运人担心铁路部门的合并。
D项与文章的意思相符，因此D项为正确答案。
知识模块：阅读理解13．It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that______.A．shippers will be charged less without a rival railroadB．there will soon be only one railroad company nationwideC．overcharged shippers are unlikely to appeal for rate reliefD．a government board ensures fair play in railway business正确答案：C解析：本题可参照文章的第3段。
从中可知，铁路业规模空前的合并意味着，大多数托运人将由唯一的一家铁路公司提供服务；铁路公司向这样的“受制的”托运人收取的费用比有别的铁路公司竞争时多20％～30％；那些觉得被索价过高的托运人有权向联邦政府的水陆运输委员会投诉，要求降低费率，但是这种过程费用高，也费时间，只有在极端情况下才有效。
据此可知，托运人上诉的可能性不大。
C项与文章的意思相符，因此C项为正确答案。
知识模块：阅读理解14．The word “arbiters”(Line 6, Para. 4)most probably refers to those______.A．who work as coordinatorsB．who function as judgesC．who supervise transactionsD．who determine the price正确答案：B解析：本题可参照文章的第4段。
从中可知，这是一种许多经济学家都赞成的理论，但实际上，这使得铁路公司可以决定哪些公司兴旺，哪些公司倒闭。
经常为托运人做代理的华盛顿律师问道：“难道我们真的要让铁路公司成为决定市场上谁兴谁衰的仲裁人吗?”据此可知，arbiters的意思应该是“裁决者”。
B项与文章的意思相符，因此B项为正确答案。
知识模块：阅读理解15．According to the text, the cost increase in the rail industry is mainly caused by______.A．the continuing acquisitionB．the growing trafficC．the cheering Wall StreetD．the shrinking market正确答案：A解析：本题可参照文章的最后一段。
从中可知，许多受制的托运人也担心将受到又一轮费用大幅度增加的打击。
就整个铁路行业来说，尽管出现好的转机，但其所赚得的仍不足以支付它必须用于维持日益增加的运输而投入的资金。
而且，铁路公司仍在借贷数十亿的资金以相互兼并，华尔街则在旁边为他们打气。
接着举例说：Norfolk Southern公司和CSX投入了10．2亿美元兼并了联合铁路公司，而联合铁路公司在1996年的净运营收入只有4．27亿美元，还不到交易成本的一半，那么，谁来支付余下的费用呢?许多受制的托运人担心，随着Norfolk Southern公司和CSX对市场的控制力加强，托运人将承担余下的费用。
据此可知，铁路部门成本增加的主要原因是进一步的合并。
A项与文章意思相符，因此A项为正确答案。
知识模块：阅读理解It is said that in England death is pressing, in Canada inevitable and in California optional. Small wonder. Americans’life expectancy has nearly doubled over the past century. Failing hips can be replaced, cataracts removed in a 30-minutes surgical procedure. Such advances offer the aging population a quality of life that was unimaginable when I entered medicine 50 years ago. But not even a great health-care system can cure death, and our failure to confront that reality now threatens this greatness of ours. Death is normal; we are genetically programmed to disintegrate and perish, even under ideal conditions. We all understand that at some level, yet as medical consumers we treat death as a problem to be solved. Shielded by third-party payers from the cost of our care, we demand everything that can possibly be done for us, even if it’s useless. The most obvious example is late-stage cancer care. Physicians —frustrated by their inability to cure the disease and fearing loss of hope in the patient —too often offer aggressive treatment far beyond what is scientifically justified. In 1950, the U.S. spent $12.7 billion on health care. In 2002, the cost will be $ 1,540 billion. Anyone can see this trend is unsustainable. Yet few seem willing to try to reverse it. Some scholars conclude that a government with finite resources should simply stop paying for medical care that sustains life beyond a certain age —say 83 or so. Former Colorado governor Richard Lamm has been quoted as saying that the old and infirm “have a duty to die and get out of the way”, so that younger, healthier people can realize their potential. I would not go that far. Energetic people now routinely work through their 60s and beyond, and remain dazzlingly productive. At 78, Viacom chairman Sumner Redstone jokingly claims to be 53. Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O’Connor is in her 70s, and former surgeon general C. Everett Koop chairs an Internet start-up in his 80s. These leaders are living proof that prevention works and that we can manage the health problems that come naturally with age. As a mere 68-year-old, I wish to age as productively as they have. Yet there are limits to what a society can spend in this pursuit. As a physician, I know the most costly and dramatic measures may be ineffective and painful. I also know that people in Japan and Sweden, countries that spend far less on medical care, have achieved longer, healthier lives than we have. As a nation, we may be overfunding the quest for unlikely cures while underfunding research on humbler therapies that could improve people’s lives.16．What is implied in the first sentence?A．Americans are better prepared for death than other people.B．Americans enjoy a higher life quality than ever before.C．Americans are over-confident of their medical technology.D．Americans take a vain pride in their long life expectancy.正确答案：C解析：从文章第1段的第1句话可知，据说在英国，死亡是无法抗拒的；在加拿大，死亡是不可避免的；在加利福尼亚，死亡是可以选择的。