大学环境微生物学期末考试试题讲课教案
大学环境微生物学期末考试试题
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一、概念题：
病毒：没有细胞结构，专性寄生在活的宿主体内，大小在0.2微米以下的超微小微生物。
原核微生物：指核质和细胞质之间不存在明显核膜，其染色体由单一核酸组成的一类微生物。（原核微生物的核很原始，发育不全，只有DNA链高度折叠形成的一个核区，没有核膜，核质裸露，与细胞质没有明显界限，叫拟核或似核。原核微生物没有细胞器，只有由细胞质膜内陷形成的不规则的泡沫体系，如间体核光合作用层片及其他内折。也不进行有丝分裂。）
真核微生物：细胞核发育完全具有核仁核膜,能进行有丝分裂,细胞质中存在线粒体或同时存在叶绿体等细胞器的微小生物,都称为真核微生物。（真核微生物由发育完好的细胞核，核内由核仁核染色质。由核膜将细胞核和细胞质分
开，使两者由明显的界限。有高度分化的细胞器，如线粒体、中心体、高尔基体、内质网、溶酶体和叶绿体等。进行有丝分裂。）
原生动物：最原始、最低等、结构最简单的单细胞动物。
光能自养：指利用光能将大气中的二氧化碳和土壤中的水合成有机物的营养类型。
光能异养：指以二氧化碳作为主要碳源或唯一碳源，利用有机物作为供氢体，利用光能将二氧化碳还原成细胞物质营养类型。
化能自养：通过氧化无机物释放出的能量还原二氧化碳成为细胞有机物的营养类型。
化能异养：指用有机物分解时释放的能量，将有机物分解的中间产物合成新的有机物的营养类型。
芽孢某些细菌在其生长发育后期，可在细胞内形成一个圆形或椭圆形的抗透性休眠体
等电点：在某一PH的溶液中，氨基酸解离成阳离子和阴离子的趋势及程度相等，成为兼性离子，呈电中性，此时的溶液的PH值称为该氨基酸的等电点。
好氧呼吸: 有外在最终电子受体O2存在时，对底物（能源）的氧化过程。
无氧呼吸：又称厌氧呼吸，是一类电子传递体系末端的受氢体为外源无机氧化物的生物氧化。
质粒: 在原核微生物中除染色体外，还含有另一种较小的，携带少量遗传基因的环状DNA 分子，称为质粒，也叫染色体外的DNA。他们在细胞分裂过程中能复制，将遗传性状传给后代。
自净容量: 指在水体正常生物循环中能够净化有机污染物的最大数值。
二、简述题：
1）细菌的一般结构
细菌是单细胞的。所有的细菌均有如下结构：细胞壁、细胞质膜、细胞质及其内含物、细胞核质。
2）细菌细胞壁的生理功能
a、保护原生质体免受渗透压引起破裂的作用；
b、维持细菌形态（可用溶菌酶处理不同的细菌细胞壁后，菌体均呈现圆形得到证明）；
c 、细胞壁是多孔结构的分子筛，阻挡某些分子进入和保留蛋白质在间质（革兰氏阴性菌细胞壁和细胞质之间的区
域）；
d 、细胞壁为鞭毛提供支点，使鞭毛运动。
3）酶的活性中心
酶的活性中心是指酶的活性部位，酶蛋白分子中直接与底物结合，并与酶的催化作用直接有关的部位
4）真菌的种类
酵母菌，霉菌，以及各种伞菌。
5）酵母菌的一般特征
个体一般以单细胞状态存在；多数以出芽方式繁殖，也有的可进行裂殖或产子囊孢子；能发酵糖类而产能；细胞壁常含有甘露聚糖；喜在含糖较高、酸性的水生环境中生长。
6）在病毒中，蛋白质的功能
蛋白质的功能：保护病毒使其免受环境因素的影响。决定病毒感染的特异性，使病毒与敏感细胞表面特定部位有特异亲和力，病毒可牢固的附着在敏感细胞上。病毒蛋白质还有致病性、毒力和抗原性。动物病毒有的含DNA，有的含
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(完整word版)大学英语一期末考试题以及答案
精心整理 大学英语（一） 行政班级分级班级姓名学号 C. A measuring system. D. A control system. 2. A. Car prices. B. Car services.
C. The company’s business. D. The company’s culture. 3. A. It’s easy to do. B. It’s challenging. dialogue, there are some recorded questions. Both the conversations and questions will be spoken two times. Conversation 1
6. A. Breakfast. B. Dinner. C. A 5 dollar gift card. D. Bus service to the airport. 10. A. Make an appointment with her. B. Talk with her about a new order.
C. Send her an email about the shipment. D. Call her back when receiving the shipment. Directions: This part is to test your ability to construct grammatically correct sentences. It consists of 2 sections.
大学英语泛读教程4(第三版)期中期末试卷Reading Master 1_Final Exam B
A. Vocabulary 1. Researchers of human intelligence often use the IQ test as a(an) ______ of how clever someone r eally is. a. indicator b. source c. survey d. pocket 2. One ______ of citizens showed that the popularity of the country’s president was at an all-time low. a. theory b. source c. survey d. adoption 3. Anything that is considered to be ______ means that no pesticides were used to produce it. a. cutting-edge b. organic c. trendy d. frugal 4. The new 3D action movie used ______ special effects so most of the filming was done using graphic computer technology. a. frugal b. cutting-edge c. organic d. athletic 5. It is ______ that Sammy, who used to drink a lot, now owns his own bar. a. athletic b. maternal c. theoretic d. ironic 6. Brian received his ______ letter yesterday to study at the London School of Economics. a. expedition b. birth c. establishment d. acceptance 7. Scientists have calculated that of the billions of stars in the ______, there must be millions of life forms. a. colleague b. universe c. theory d. decade 8. In many Latin American countries you can buy ______ leather bags that are very high in quality. a. genuine b. imaginary c. marine d. elusive 9. The ______ in the story of The Wizard of Oz is the wicked witch of the west. a. villain b. cop c. kidnapper d. victim 10. After investigating the UFO ______, the government still would not confirm nor deny we had been visited by aliens. a. amusement b. arrest c. incident d. burglar 11. The years I spent in my grandpa’s care were ______ the happiest of my childhood. a. rapidly b. horizontally c. undoubtedly d. majorly 12. Although Officer White was ______, he still carried a gun with him at all times. a. warmed up b. off duty c. arrested d. tucked in 13. The police ______ all the main highway entrances to the city so they could check cars for bombs. a. barricaded b. impersonated c. dozed d. arrested
(完整版)环境微生物学试题(精华版)
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专业《大学英语》期末考试试卷
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0l-xjubb大学英语期中考试与平日成绩评分细则
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《环境工程微生物学》期末考试试卷A卷
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大学英语期末试题B卷
学号 姓 系部 专业 班级 考试科目 考试时间 年 月 日 密 封 山东师范大学历山学院201３—2014学年第二学期 期末考试试题(B 卷) 试题卷 (时间12０分钟,满分10０分) 课程编号: 课程名称: 大学英语 适用年级: ２01３级 适用专业: 非英语 学制: 三 注意:１、本试题试题卷共六页。 2、本试题所有答案应写在答案卷上,否则不予计成绩。 Ⅰ ⅠListe ｎing pr ｅhens ｉｏn (1５％) Sectio ｎ Ａ D ｉｒe ｃtions: In ｔhi ｓ s ｅct ｉon ｙo ｕ ｗill ｈear 10 short dial ｏgue ｓ。 At t ｈe e ｎｄ of e ａc ｈ ｄi ａlog ｕe, a q ｕｅstion ｗｉll b ｅ asked abou ｔ w ｈa ｔ was said 、 Ｂｏth the dialo ｇues and questio ｎｓ will be spo ｋｅn tw ｉce 。 After ea ｃh q ｕest ｉon th ｅre w ｉll b ｅ a pause 。 Ｄuring the p ａu ｓe, yo ｕ must read th ｅ ４ choices marke ｄ A,B,C an ｄ D,ａnd dec ｉde w ｈich is the bes ｔ answ ｅｒ。 Then write the corresp ｏndi ｎg letter ｏn the A ｎｓwer Ｓheet 。 １。 Wher ｅ did thi ｓ c ｏnversatio ｎ p ｒo ｂa ｂl ｙ ｈappen ？ A In a d ｒu ｇ st ｏr ｅ、 Ｂ I ｎ ａ sh ｏｐ、 C In a ｓupermarke ｔ。 Ｄ In a ｒｅｓｔaurant. 2、 When wi ｌl ｔh ｅ t ｒａin leave? A １4:２0 Ｂ １４:00 Ｃ 14:40 D 14:30 3。 How m ａｎy ｐeople ar ｅ th ｅre in the m ａn ’s f ａmily ？ ?A 5。 B ４、 C 3、 D 6、 4. Ho ｗ i ｓ ｔｈａｔ school? A It ＇s even ｗo ｒs ｅ th ａn peop ｌｅ say 、 B It's bet ｔer than it used t ｏ be 。 ? C It’s b ｅtte ｒ t ｈan people sa ｙ、 D I ｔ’ｓ not a ｓ g ｏo ｄ as it w ａs 。 5。 What is imp ｌi ｅd in t ｈe co ｎversatio ｎ？ Ａ T ｈe ｃhildren w ｅr ｅ ｅｎjoyin ｇ t ｈemselve ｓ、 ? B T ｈe ch ｉldren d ｉd ｎ＇t e to th ｅ ｐar ｔy 。 ? C Ｔhe childr ｅn were ｇｉving ａ l ｏt of ｆu ｎ ｉｎ th ｅ party. Ｄ The chi ｌｄｒen wer ｅ n ｏｔ ｂe ｈa ｖi ｎg th ｅmselves ｉn ｔh ｅ party 。 6. Wha ｔ will ｔhe ｗｅathe ｒ be l ｉke ？ A Ｉt ｗｉll ｇet be ｔｔer Ｂ Ｒａiny C Ｓｕnny 、 D It ｉs ｃolder. ７。 Ｗｈat does th ｅ ｗｏman mean ？ A Sh ｅ doe ｓ not agree ｗit ｈ the ｍan 。 B She ｄｏes ｎo ｔ know what
新视野大学英语3期中考试B卷
Part II. Reading Comprehension (20 points) Passage One As we consider what makes one man better than the other, let’s look at two examples. The first example is a man who has a good job, a healthy body, and a loving family. His success is due to good decisions. He chose the correct subjects to study when he was at the university. Now that he’s out of school, he always schedules his time well so that he can get everything done at the proper time. He exercises and eats well, as he understands the benefits of this. In addition, in order to achieve happiness in the home, he spends time with his family and makes sure they all have when they need. On the other hand, the second man is something less than the successful person the first man is. What’s wrong with him? Good sense is the ability to know what is true or right from what is not true or wrong. And some people might think that the second lacks good sense. However, the person who thinks this is mistaken. Actually, since everyone has the same amount of good sense, the first man does not have an advantage over the second in this respect. The second man has a good mind, and he has the ability to judge things well. The second man runs into trouble, because he directs his thought along a different path. He considers other things, different from the first man. The problem is that he does not apply his mind rightly, as does the first one. Thus, he is not capable of advancing further than he does. When you consider what you want out of life, think about the results of your decisions. Apply your mind well so that good things will come about and so that you are not left regretting your actions. 21. During his university years, the first man ________. A. scheduled his time to get everything done. B. learned how to apply his mind rightly. C. ate right and did exercise regularly. D. chose things that made him successful later. 22. The first man is fully aware of the good things that will result from _______. A. making good decisions during one’s unive rsity studies. B. scheduling his time so that he can get everything done. C. taking care of his body with diet and exercise. D. being a successful person with a good family life. 23. One’s ability to judge right or wrong is called _______. A. beneficial consideration B. thought direction C. successful thinking D. good sense 24. To keep from wishing you made a different choice, you should ________. A. get more out of life B. develop more good sense
大学英语3 期中考试答案
Unit 1 Education: A Transformation of the Soul 1On my first day of high school, my teacher showed the class a Power Point presentation entitled The Value of Education. The first slide read simply this: ―Education = $‖. I felt uncomfortable, not knowing exactly why. 2 Education, throughout my high school experience, continued to be described to me like this: college means a diploma. A diploma means a better job. A better job means more money. More money means a good life. But I wondered who had decided the criteria for a ―better‖ job and a ―good‖ life. It all seemed so mathematical. Education was presented to me as an equation equaling a person I had not chosen to be. 重点单词的句子翻译： 1.她读了一首题为《想起你》的诗。(entitle) 2.他给这本书取名为《野性的爱》。(entitle) 3.教育的关键在于激励和享受，而不是一所学校或一个大学文凭。(diploma) 4.那青年用了3 年的时间取得研究生文凭。(diploma) 5.我自己成功的标准是能够努力工作和快乐生活。(criteria) 3 I went on to college, of course, as everyone told me to do. College is how you become an earner, they told me. My major that first semester was International Relations. I liked the woman I envisioned myself as in this field – a diplomat, a savvy citizen of the world. But gradually I began to realize that this person was not someone I bore any resemblance to. She was, rather, a clone of the well-educated, well-moneyed ideal my teacher had presented to me years ago. This woman had earning potential; she was smart and worldly. But she was not someone I would become. She had nothing I really wanted.
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新编大学英语期末考试试卷
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创新大学英语一期中考试试题B音体美试题
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Mid-term Examination for Freshmen 姓名：班级：学号：成绩： Part I Translation Directions: Translate the following words and phrases. (8×1'+6×2') 1.sophomore ______ 2. schedule ______ 3. association ______ 4. dormitory ______ 5. admiration ______ 6. outlooks ______ 7. betray ______ 8. cherish ______ 9. in times of trouble and tension _________________________________ 10. make new acquaintances and friends _________________________________ 11. dispel feelings of isolation and loneliness ________________________________ 12. read one’s mind _________________________________ 13. get involved in social activities _________________________________ 14. smooth the transition from …to…_________________________________ Part II Vocabulary Directions: Fill in the blanks using some of the word and phrase given below the form where necessary. Change their form if necessary. （14×2'） 1.The final results of the experiment are _______ on December 9. 2.We only had time to pack a few _______. 3. A newborn baby needs _______ care and attention. 4.My father _______ to be in good health. 5.An unhappy home _______ can affect a child’s behavior. 6.The literature course has been hard work, but very _______. 7.Some hospital patients experience high levels of _______.