动词-ing(现在分词)

动词-ing 形式 (1） 英语课程标准将“动名词"和“现在分词”合称为“动词—ing"形式。作为非谓语动词的一种形式,动词—ing具有名词，形容词和副词的特点,它可以在句中作除了谓语以外的所有句子成分.

一． 动词—ing 形式的构成

主动 被动 一般 doing being done 完成 Having done Having been done 否定式:not +doing/ having done… Not being done / not having been done

二． 动词-ing 形式作定语 1）单个动词—ing形式作定语放在被修饰的名词前，叫做前置定语。 2)动词-ing短语作定语,通常放在被修饰的名词后，叫做后置定语。 3) having (been) done 该结构不能用作后置定语. 作用: 1）表示用途 A smoking room 吸烟室 a walking stick 拐杖 drinking water饮用水 A sleeping pill 安眠药 drawing board 画板 parking lot 停车场 Swimming pool 游泳池 teaching building 教学楼 changing room 更衣室 Driving permit 驾驶许可证 a waiting room 候车室 2）表示动作 boiling water 正在沸腾的水 developing countries 发展中国家 the setting sun 落日 the rising sun 冉冉升起的太阳 in the following days 在接下来的几天 the coming week 下一周 3） 表所修饰名词正在进行的动作,可替换成定语从句。 ［备注] 此时该动词和被修饰的名词之间是主动关系 A walking man = a man who is walking A sleeping child= a child who is sleeping。 The man standing at the gate is my grandpa. = The man _______________________ at the gate is my grandpa。 [拓展] The computer ___________（repair) now is my brothers。

三． 动词-ing 形式作表语 ➢ 动词-ing形式作表语，说明主语的具体内容。这种表语与主语“等价” His job is teaching Physics in middle school. ➢ 有些动词-ing形式作表语，可以说明主语的性质特征，常翻译为“令人…。的" disappointing 令人失望的 frightening 令人害怕的 Interesting 有趣的 exciting 令人兴奋的 Embrassassing 令人尴尬的 surprising 令人惊讶的 Encouraging 令人鼓舞的 puzzling 令人费解的 练 习 1. The news that we failed in the competition was ______________(disappoint）. 2. From my point of view, this idea was so ________________（excite)。 3. My brother’s job is ________________(deliver) newspapers every day.

四． 动词-ing 形式宾语补足语 该用法通常用于 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 结构中。其中，宾语是v-ing的逻辑主语 1） 感官动词 see ，hear, notice注意到, smell 闻到, feel ， find 发现， observe 观察,look at ，listen to… notice sb。/sth。 doing … 注意到…正在做… We saw a boy stealing a woman’s purse in the street。 2） 使役动词 “ leave， have， keep , get” leave sb/ sth。 doing “让某人或某物一直处于某种状态 ” 练习 1. He saw the children ____________(play) in the playground. 2. I'm sorry to have kept you ____________(wait) for me for so long. 3. The child was heard _____________(cry） in the next room all night. 4．The next morning, she found the man _____________(lie） in bed， dead. 5．Do you hear someone ___________(knock） at the door?

五． 动词-ing 形式作状语 动词-ing形式作状语可以修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示时间，原因,结果，条件,行为方式，伴随或补充说明. 备注: 1）v-ing形式作状语，其逻辑主语就是主句的主语。(破 题） 2为了使作状语的v—ing 形式所表达更明确，可在前面加上适当的连词（as, because， since, once， though， while， unless …） [解题策略］ 1． 观察逗号“，”前后是否有连词,若没有,则应选择非谓语 2． 找到句子主语，分析空白处单词和 主语之间是否为主动关系 3． 分析填空处单词和主句动词是否几乎同时发生（doing）;若在主句动词之前发生，则选用完成式 (having done）  原因状语 Because she was ill， she didn’t attend the meeting。 = Being ill， she didn’t attend the meeting。  ________状语 When they hear the news, they all jumped with great joy。 = Hearing the news, they all jumped with great joy.  条件状语 If you work hard， you’ll succeed. （条件状语) = ___________________， you'll succeed.  ________状语 My car was caught in the heavy traffic jam, causing the delay。  ________状语 The students are all in the classroom, doing their homework carefully。

Practice！！！！ 1. When___________（see) the cat, the mouse ran off。 2. __________________（live) in London for years, I almost know every place quite well。 3. ____________（work) hard, you’ll succeed. 4. Once ________________（lose） the chance， you can’t easily find it。 5. ________________（look) out from the window, we found a beautiful garden。 6. They sat in front of the teaching building, ________（laugh) and talking. 7. He turned off the lights, ________（see) nothing. 8. ____________(walk) in the street， he caught sight of one of his close friends. 9. ________________（tell） many times， I still long to watch the movie one more time. 六．v-ing 形式的否定式 (直接在v-ing形式前面加not等否定词汇) 1．__________________(know的否定式） her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her. 2．_____________（realize的否定） that he was in great danger， Eric walker deeper into the forest.

七． 一般式和完成式的区别 当动词—ing形式表示的动作和句子谓语动词表示的动作（几乎）同时发生时用一般式(doing）；在句子谓语动词表示的动作之前发生时用完成式(having done)。如： _____________（see) the stranger coming towards him，little Jim ran away as fast as he could。 ______________(study)English for three years， he can read brief stories in English。

八． 独立主格结构 The teacher being ill, the lecture was put off。 Spring coming， the fields are full of life。