非谓语动词
非谓语动词讲解(超全)

非谓语动词讲解(超全)非谓语动词是指动词的非限定形式,不可以独立作谓语。
它可以由动词原形、现在分词和过去分词构成,常见的形式有不定式、动名词和分词。
一、不定式:不定式是动词的一种非限定形式,常常在句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。
它的构成方式为"to + 动词原形"。
例句:1. To learn a foreign language is not easy.(作主语)2. She wants to go shopping.(作宾语)3. The best way to learn English well is to practice every day.(作表语)4. He has a lot of work to finish.(作定语)不定式也具有进行时态、完成时态和被动语态的形式:进行时态:to be + 动词的现在分词完成时态:to have + 动词的过去分词被动语态:to be + 动词过去分词例句:1. He seems to be sleeping.(不定式进行时态)2. You should have told me earlier.(不定式完成时态)3. The car needs to be repaired.(不定式被动语态)二、动名词:动名词是指动词的-ing形式,它可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语。
在句中的位置和用法与名词相似。
例句:1. Reading is my favorite hobby.(作主语)2. I enjoy swimming in the summer.(作宾语)3. Her dream is becoming a famous singer.(作表语)4. The girl standing over there is my sister.(作定语)5. He went to the party without saying goodbye.(作状语)动名词与不定式的区别在于动名词具有进行时态和被动语态,而不定式没有。
非谓语动词的种类与非谓语动词的形式

非谓语动词的种类与非谓语动词的形式一、非谓语动词的种类非谓语动词是指在句子中不作谓语,通常用作句子的其他成分或修饰动词、形容词等的动词形式。
根据其形式和语义特点,非谓语动词可分为以下几种类型:1. 原形动词:即动词的原始形态,通常具有动作或状态的意义。
例如:to go(去)、to eat(吃)、to sleep(睡觉)等。
2. 动名词:由动词的-ing形式构成,常用作名词,表示动作、状态或具体事物。
例如:swimming(游泳)、running(跑步)、drinking (喝水)等。
3. 不定式:由to + 动词原形构成,可作名词、形容词、副词或动词的补语等。
例如:to read(读书)、to be(是)、to help(帮助)等。
4. 分词:根据用途和构成方式的不同,分词可分为现在分词和过去分词。
a. 现在分词:以-ing结尾的动词形式,可表示同时进行的动作或被动形式。
例如:running(跑步的)、working(工作的)等。
b. 过去分词:通常为动词的第三人称单数形态或以-ed、-en等结尾,可表示被动、完成或完成时态等。
例如:spoken(说过的)、written(写过的)等。
二、非谓语动词的形式非谓语动词的形式与其种类相关,可根据种类的不同确定其形式:1. 原形动词:原形动词本身即为其形式,无需变化。
例如:to go (去)。
2. 动名词:动名词的形式是将动词的原形加上-ing。
例如:swimming(游泳)。
3. 不定式:不定式的形式为to + 动词原形。
例如:to read(读书)。
4. 分词:a. 现在分词:以-ing结尾。
例如:running(跑步的)。
b. 过去分词:根据动词的不同,过去分词的形式有多种形式,例如:- 以-ed结尾的过去分词,如spoken(说过的)。
- 以-en结尾的过去分词,如written(写过的)。
通过上述介绍,我们可以清晰地了解非谓语动词的种类及其相应的形式。
非谓语动词用法

非谓语动词用法非谓语动词是指不具备谓语功能的动词形式,它可以作主语、宾语、表语或状语等。
非谓语动词包括动词的不定式、动名词和分词三种形式。
这些形式可以用来表达不同的语态、时态以及表示目的、原因、结果等关系。
本文将就非谓语动词的用法进行详细叙述。
一、不定式的用法1. 作主语不定式作主语时,常用it作形式主语,而将不定式短语置于句末。
例如:- It's important to learn a foreign language.- 了解外语很重要。
2. 作宾语不定式可以作及物动词的宾语,表示动作的目的、意愿或结果。
例如:- She wants to become a doctor.- 她想要成为一名医生。
3. 作表语不定式可以作系动词的表语,表示主语的状态或特征。
例如:- My dream is to travel around the world.- 我的梦想是环游世界。
4. 作定语不定式可以修饰名词或代词,起到修饰限定的作用。
例如:- I have a book to read.- 我有一本书要读。
5. 作状语不定式可以作状语,表示目的、原因、结果、条件等。
例如:- I went to the bookstore to buy some novels.- 我去书店买一些小说。
二、动名词的用法1. 作主语动名词可以作主语,表示某个动作的具体内容。
例如:- Swimming is good exercise.- 游泳是个好的锻炼方式。
2. 作宾语动名词可以作及物动词的宾语,表示动作的对象。
例如:- I enjoy watching movies.- 我喜欢看电影。
3. 作表语动名词可以作系动词的表语,表示主语的状态或特征。
例如:- Her favorite activity is shopping.- 她最喜欢的活动是购物。
4. 作定语动名词可以修饰名词或代词,起到修饰限定的作用。
例如:- She loves reading fiction books.- 她喜欢读小说书籍。
非谓语动词翻译

非谓语动词翻译非谓语动词是英语中的一种特殊动词形式,可以充当动词、形容词或者副词,在句子中常用作主语、宾语、定语或状语等成分。
其常见的形式包括动词不定式、动名词和分词。
下面是一些常见的非谓语动词的翻译示例。
1. 动词不定式(Infinitive)动词不定式常以to开头,可以作为动词、名词、形容词或副词的补语。
翻译时要根据上下文和语境来理解其含义。
例句:- I like to play basketball.(我喜欢打篮球。
)- He needs to finish his homework.(他需要完成他的作业。
)- She wants to become a doctor.(她想要成为一名医生。
)2. 动名词(Gerund)动名词以ing形式结尾,可以作为名词、主语、宾语或介词的宾语等。
翻译时常用名词或动词的ing形式来表达。
例句:- Swimming is good for your health.(游泳对你的健康有益。
)- I enjoy reading books.(我喜欢读书。
)- He apologized for being late.(他为迟到而道歉。
)3. 分词(Participle)分词一般以-ed或-ing形式结尾,可作为形容词、副词或定语等。
翻译时要根据上下文和句子结构来决定使用哪种翻译方式。
例句:- The broken window needs to be repaired.(这个破窗户需要修理。
)- The running boy is my brother.(跑步的男孩是我弟弟。
)- She looked disappointed when she heard the news.(当她听到这个消息时,她看起来很失望。
)以上是一些常见的非谓语动词的翻译示例,需要根据句子的语境和语义来选择适当的翻译方式。
同时,使用非谓语动词时还需注意其在句子中的位置和作用,以确保句子结构和意思的准确表达。
非谓语动词分类及用法

非谓语动词分类及用法非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词)三种。
以下是它们的分类和用法:1. 不定式:不定式是非谓语动词中最常见的形式,由“to+动词原形”构成。
它既可以作为主语、宾语,也可以作为定语、状语等。
不定式的否定形式是在“to”前面加上“not”。
不定式作为主语,表示一种意愿或目的,例如:To study English is important.(学习英语很重要。
)不定式作为宾语,表示一种动作或行为,例如:I want to go home.(我想回家。
)不定式作为定语,修饰名词或代词,例如:I have a lot of homework to do.(我有很多作业要做。
)不定式作为状语,表示目的、结果或原因等,例如:I went to the library to read books.(我去了图书馆看书。
)2. 动名词:动名词由动词原形加“-ing”构成,具有名词的语法功能,在句子中可以作主语、宾语等。
动名词一般表示一种习惯或抽象的动作。
动名词作为主语,表示一种状态或抽象概念,例如:Reading books is a good habit.(读书是一个好习惯。
)动名词作为宾语,表示一种行为或动作,例如:I enjoy listening to music.(我喜欢听音乐。
)3. 分词:分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种。
现在分词由动词原形加“-ing”构成,过去分词由动词原形加“-ed”构成。
分词在句子中可以作定语、状语等。
现在分词作为定语,修饰名词或代词,例如:The running man is my brother.(那个跑步的人是我的哥哥。
)过去分词作为定语,修饰名词或代词,例如:The developed country has higher living standards.(发达国家的生活水平更高。
)现在分词作为状语,表示时间、条件、让步等关系,例如:If you continue to work hard, you will succeed.(如果你继续努力工作,你会成功的。
非谓语动词的完成时态

非谓语动词的完成时态非谓语动词是指在句子中不充当谓语的动词形式。
其中,完成时态是非谓语动词的一种时态形式,用于表示动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前完成。
本文将详细介绍非谓语动词的完成时态的特点、用法以及常见的句型结构。
一、非谓语动词的完成时态的特点非谓语动词的完成时态有三种形式:现在分词的完成时态、过去分词的完成时态和不定式的完成时态。
其中,现在分词的完成时态用"having + 过去分词"表示;过去分词的完成时态用"have/has + 过去分词"表示;不定式的完成时态用"to + have + 过去分词"表示。
二、非谓语动词的完成时态的用法1. 表示动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前完成:Having finished his homework, he went out to play.(他做完作业后,出去玩了。
)2. 表示时间先后关系:After having studied English for several years, he can communicate with foreigners fluently.(学了几年英语后,他能够流利地与外国人交流。
)3. 表示原因、目的:He stayed up late studying, hoping to pass the exam.(他熬夜学习,希望能通过考试。
)4. 表示条件:To have passed the driving test, you need to practice more.(要通过驾驶考试,你需要多练习。
)三、非谓语动词的完成时态的句型结构1. 现在分词的完成时态:Having + 过去分词Having finished his work, he went home.(他完成工作后回家了。
)2. 过去分词的完成时态:have/has + 过去分词She has seen the movie before.(她以前看过这部电影。
什么是非谓语动词和谓语动词
什么是非谓语动词和谓语动词
谓语动词和非谓语动词是初中一个重要知识点,下面整理了谓语动词和非谓语动词的含义和区别,供参考。
一、非谓语动词
非谓语动词,又叫非限定动词,非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词,主要包括不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词),即动词的非谓语形式。
非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外,可以承担句子的其他成分。
二、谓语动词
谓语动词指的是在句子中可以单独作谓语的动词,主要由实义动词充当。
另外,某些动词短语也可以是谓语动词。
在英语中,动词按作用和功能主要分为两大类,一类是谓语动词,另一类是非谓语动词。
三、非谓语动词和谓语动词的区别
1、非谓语动词可以有名词作用(如动词不定式和动名词),在句中做主语、宾语、表语。
2、非谓语动词可以有形容词作用(如动词不定式和分词),在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语。
3、非谓语动词可以有副词作用(如动词不定式和分词),在句中作状语。
4、谓语动词在句中作谓语,受主语的人称和数的限制;非谓语动词在句中不能单独作谓语,它不受主语的人称和数的限制。
5、英语中不能单独做句子的谓语。
动词变成非谓语动词的方法
动词变成非谓语动词的方法动词是句子中最基本的组成部分,它表示动作、状态或变化。
在英语中,动词可以变成非谓语动词,包括不定式、动名词和分词。
非谓语动词在句子中可以充当名词、形容词或副词的作用,使句子更加丰富多彩。
首先,让我们来看一下如何将动词变成不定式。
不定式由“to+动词原形”构成,它可以用作名词、形容词或副词。
例如,动词“go”变成不定式后就是“to go”,在句子中可以作为名词,如“I like to go for a walk”,也可以作为形容词,如“This is the best place to go”,还可以作为副词,如“He ran to go to the store”。
其次,动词还可以变成动名词。
动名词由动词原形加上“-ing”构成,它可以用作名词,如“Swimming is good for your health”,也可以作为形容词,如“The swimming pool is closed”,还可以作为副词,如“She enjoys dancing in the rain”。
最后,动词还可以变成分词。
分词有现在分词和过去分词两种形式,它们可以用作形容词或副词。
现在分词由动词原形加上“-ing”构成,过去分词则根据动词的不规则变化而定。
例如,现在分词“exciting”可以作为形容词,如“The movie is very exciting”,也可以作为副词,如“She spoke excitingly about her trip”。
总之,动词可以通过加上不同的后缀变成不定式、动名词和分词,从而在句子中发挥不同的作用。
掌握这些方法,可以帮助我们更加灵活地运用英语,让句子更加生动有趣。
希望大家能够多加练习,掌握这些方法,提升自己的英语水平。
非谓语动词的七种形式及其用法
非谓语动词的七种形式及其用法1. 哎呀呀,不定式可是非谓语动词的老大呢!它呀,就像一把万能钥匙,可以作主语、宾语、定语等好多好多呢!比如“To learn a foreign language is difficult but rewarding.(学一门外语很难但很有回报。
)”看到没,这里的“To learn”就是作主语哟!2. 嘿,动名词也不甘示弱呀!它常常表示习惯性的动作呢,就像每天要吃饭睡觉一样自然!像“She enjoys reading novels.(她喜欢读小说。
)”这里“reading”就是动名词作宾语,神奇吧!3. 哇塞,现在来说说分词!分词有现在分词和过去分词哦!现在分词那可是活力满满呀,像个小精灵!比如说“Seeing the beautiful scenery, I feel so happy.(看到美丽的景色,我好开心呀。
)”这里“Seeing”就是现在分词作状语呢!4. 过去分词有时候看起来有点可怜兮兮的,但作用也很大呀!像“The book bought yesterday is interesting.(昨天买的书很有趣。
)”里面的“bought”就是过去分词作定语啦!5. 独立主格结构,这个是不是听着很厉害呀!它就像是一个独立的小王国呢!比如“Time permitting, we will go for a picnic.(时间允许的话,我们将去野餐。
)”这里“Time permitting”就是独立主格结构呢!6. 还有无动词分句,虽然它没动词,但也照样能发挥大作用哟!像“When in Rome, do as the Romans do.(入乡随俗。
)”这里“When in Rome”就是无动词分句呢!总之呢,非谓语动词的这七种形式都各有各的厉害之处,大家一定要好好掌握呀!。
非谓语动词
Having been invited to the party ;Tom was very happy
非谓语动词的否定形式
• 所有非谓语动词的否定形式都是直接在其前面加 上not
• 不定式的否定形式:not to do • 动名词的否定形式:not doing • 现在分词的否定形式:not doing • 过去分词的否定形式:not done
非谓语动词在句中充当的成分
不定式 动名词用作主语
1 直接作主语: Seeing is believing Smoking is not a good habit To see is to believe To smoke here is dangerous 2 用it作形式主语 It’s no use talking too much without doing
3 分词The Participle
1现在分词The Present Participle;由动词 +ing构成
2过去分词The Past Participle;由动词+ed构 成
非谓语动词具有以下特征:
• 非谓语动词可以做主语 宾语等多种句子成分;但唯 独不能做谓语
• 非谓语动词具有各种形态:原形 主动语态 被动语 态 进行时态和完成时态
Key to Part 1:
1.not to have seen him 2.to have given you so much trouble 3.to be dreaming 4.to have been studying 5.to be better treated 6.being interrupted 7.having been there 8.Having reviewed his lessons
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
非谓语动词(动词不定式,动名词及分词)主谓一致和倒装 真题 1. It took Janet three hours _______ reading this interesting story. 【2012贵州贵阳】 A. to finish B. finished C. finishing 2.When I went into the room,I found _____ in bed. 【2012贵州安顺】 A.him lying B.he lying C.he lies D.him was lying 3. Drivers shouldn't be allowed ____ after drinking, or they will break the law. 【2012湖北咸宁】 A. drive B. driving C. to drive D. to be driven 4. ________ English well, one must have a lot of practice. 【2012山东聊城】 A. Speaks B. To speak C. Spoken D. Speak 5. —I’m leaving now. —______you turn off the lights and the computer.【2012山东泰安】 A. To make sure B. Make sure C. Made sure D. Making sure 6. Mary used to _________ to work, but she is used to ________to work now. 【2012黔西南】 A. riding a bike, taking a bus B. riding a bike, take a bus C. ride a bike, taking a bus D. ride a bike, take a bus 7. When I passed the classroom, I heard a girl ______in it. 【2012黔东南】 A. sing B. losing C. sang D. singing 8. Let’s _______ for a walk, shall we? 【2012 北京】 A. to go B. going C. go D. gone
真题 1. —When I was five, I drew very well. 【2012黔西南】 —____________. A. So did I B. So was I C. So I was D. So I did 2. —How he wants to get a high mark in the final term examination! 【2012贵州安顺】 —Yes._____. A.So is he. B.So he does. C.So does he. D.So he is. 3. ______that pair of ______a little cheaper? 【2012 湖北黄石】 A. Is; glass B. Are; glass C. Is; glasses D. Are; glasses 4. —Would your younger brother go for a picnic this Sunday? 【2012湖北随州】 —If I don’t go, ______. A. so does he B. so will he C. neither does he D. neither will he 5. —Peter doesn't know many people here. 【2012山东济宁】 —__________. A. So do I B. So am I C. Neither am I D. Neither do I 6. The number of teachers in our school _______ greatly increased last term. A number of teachers in this school _______from the countryside. 【2011河源】 A. was;is B. was;are C. were;are D. were; is 7. —How much is the pair of shoes? 【2011广安市】 —Twenty dollars _______ enough. A. is B. are C. am 8. This is my twin sister,Lucy. Not only she but also I____good at drawing. 【2011黑龙江齐齐哈尔】 A. is B. am C. are C Mr. Klein told the class that a new student, Inez would join them soon. He 1 that Inez was deaf. She “talked” with others by using sign language. Mr. Klein knew sign language, and he decided to teach 2 students so that they could also “talk” with Inez. First, they learned to sign the letters. Some letters were hard to 3 . Other letters, such as C, were easier because the shape (形状) of the hand was the same as the shape of the letter. The 4 thing they learned was finger-spelling. They signed one letter after another to spell a word. They 5 with two-letter words such as at and on. Then they spelled 6 words. Finally, Mr. Klein showed that 7 one sign could be used for a whole word. To make the sign for the word fine, a person spreads out (张开) the fingers on one hand, 8 the thumb (拇趾) to the chest (前胸) , and moves the hand away from the chest. Signing is not just 9 with the hands. Expressions on the face are also 10 . The students learned to sign a question mark by using expressions on the face. When Inez first entered the classroom, she looked 11 . But the students signed, “Good morning, Inez.” She gave the class a big smile and signed back, “What a wonderful 12 !” 1. A. hoped B. said C. guessed D. thought 2. A. his B. my C. her D. our 3. A. spell B. check C. remember D. write 4. A. first B. only C. last D. next 5. A. met B. started C. agreed D. helped 6. A. newer B. easier C. longer D. nicer 7. A. never B. perhaps C. still D. just 8. A. joins B. fixes C. touches D. ties 9. A. made B. done C. given D. chosen 10. A. important B. different C. difficult D. strange 11. A. serious B. surprised C. frightened D. nervous 12. A. welcome B. congratulation C. progress D. success Wang Bing’s father began smoking when he was a freshman (大学一年级学生)in college. His friend passed him his first cigarette. He has now been smoking for more than 30 years. It’s a classic example of how young people are introduced to cigarettes, except that nowadays smokers develop their habit at an even younger age. It has become a major concern(担忧) in China that many teenagers begin to smoke. A survey showed that 22.5% of the middle school students questioned had tried smoking and 15.8% of them smoked regularly. For many teenagers, smoking is a symbol of being an adult, independence, maturity(成熟) and attractiveness because the images who they love best often smoke on screen. The social environment also plays an important role in attracting teenagers to smoking. They are used to seeing their elders, especially male family members, smoking at home. Many of them imitate adult behavior and become new smokers. To increase the price of cigarettes is an effective way to reduce the number of young smokers, as teenagers have limited money to spend on them. Another way is to educate the teenagers to voluntarily refuse cigarettes. A survey shows that 92.5% of the students know smoking will be bad for their health. If we persuade them in a proper way, most of them may give up smoking. All in all, the society, the government, the school and the family should join together to take the responsibility for an anti-smoking (禁烟) campaign aimed at teenagers, not just to put empty slogans and warnings on cigarette packs. 1. The writer uses the first paragraph to ______. A. tell the readers a story of a smoker B. introduce the topic of the passage C. introduce the college life of Wang Bing’s father. 2. What’s the main idea of this passage? A. The teenagers think smoking is a symbol of being an adult and independence. B. The social environment encourages the teenagers to smoke. C. The teenagers should be educated to refuse to smoke. D. The teenage smoking has become a serious problem in China. 3. What does the word “imitate” in Paragraph 5 mean in Chinese? A. 指责 B. 忍受 C. 模仿 D. 支持 4. From the underlined part of the last sentence of this passage, we can infer(推断) that the writer thinks putting slogans and warnings on cigarette packs is ______to solve the problem. A. not enough B. of no use C. of great help D. of great importance.