句子结构及五种基本句型

句子结构及五种基本句型

一、句子结构

（一）、主语

1.The villagers didn't realize how serious the pollution was.

2.I got home at ten. This is my book.

3.Ten out of 100 Americans are more than 65.

4.Seeing is believing.

5.To do morning exercises this morning is not good for your healthy.

6. The poor are fighting for their equal rights.

可以在句子中充当主语的有___________________________________________________。Consolidation

1）The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.

2）There is an old man coming here.

3）The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.

4）To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.

5) She and her family hid away for nearly twenty-five months.

6) The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws.

7) The number of people killed in the earthquake reached more than 400,000.

8) Every where they looked nearly everything was destroyed.

9) Sand now filled the wells instead of water.

10) In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to e at.

（二）谓语

可以在句子中充当谓语的有___________________________________________________。Consolidation

1、选出句中谓语的中心词

① I don't like the picture on the wall.

A. don't

B. like

C. picture

D. wall

② The days get longer and longer when summer comes.

A. get

B. longer

C. days

D. summer

③ Do you usually go to school by bus?

A. Do

B. usually

C.go

D. bus

④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.

A. will be

B. meeting

C. the library

D. afternoon

⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?

A.Did

B. twins

C. have

D. breakfast

⑥ Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.

A. Tom

B. didn't

C. do

D. his homework

⑦ What I want to tell you is this.

A. want

B. to tell

C. you

D. is

⑧ We had better send for a doctor.

A. We

B. had

C. send

D. doctor

⑨ He is interested in music.

A. is

B. interested

C. in

D. music

⑩ Whom did you give my book to?

A. give

B.did

C. whom

D. book

2、找出下列句子的主语和谓语

1）Studying English is my favorite.

2）Working under such a condition is terrible.

3）I am sorry to have kept you waiting long.

4）Seen from the mountain, the city looks much more beautiful.

5）Our coming made him happy.

6）There are two big swimming pools here.

（三）宾语

１．Show your passport, please.

２．He didn't say anything.

３．How many do you want? - I want two.

４．They sent the injured to hospital.

５．He asked to see my passport.

６．I enjoy working with you.

可以在句子中充当宾语的有__________________________________________________。Consolidation

１、挑出下列句中的宾语

① My brother hasn't done his homework.

② People all over the world speak English.

③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.

④ How many new words did you learn last class?

⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?

⑥ The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.

⑦ They made him monitor of the class.

⑧ Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left.

⑨ You will find it useful after you leave school.

⑩ They didn't know who "Father Christmas" really is.

２、找出下列句子的主语、谓语和宾语

1. But how could the survivors believe it was natural?

2. Later that day, another earthquake shook Tangshan.

3. The army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to help rescue workers.

4. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves.

5. The army organized teams to dig out the survivors and to burry the dead.

6. I knew I didn’t need to encourage her.

7. We put up our tent and then ate.

8. Two years ago she bought an expensive bike and then she persuaded me to buy one.

9. So I told her that the source of the Mekong river is in Qinghai Province.

10. Several months before our trip, Wang Wei and I went to the library.

（四）表语

Albert Einstein was a famous professor of physics.

Africa is a big continent.

That remains a puzzle to me.

What’s your fax number?

Who's your best friend?

I feel much better today.

She was the first to learn about it.

Her job is selling computers.

Our next step was to get raw materials ready.

The patient is out of danger.

I don’t feel at ease.

The sun is up.

I must be off now.

This is what he said.

二、五种基本句型

1.S + vi.

The poor bird couldn’t fly.

The rain has stopped

Vi: go, come, walk, live, fly, jump, lie, die, appear, disappear, agree, disagree, etc

2.S + v (link) + P

Mr Black is a professor from Cambridge University.

His leg got hurt just now

▲Link Verbs:

be( am, is, are, was, were );

look, seem, appear;

feel, sound, smell, taste;

go, get , turn, become, grow, run;

promise, fall, come;

keep, remain, hold, continue;

lie, sit, stand, rest;

prove (to be) = turn out (to be)

3.S + vt + O

He understands English.

4.S + vt + O + O

He drew me a picture.= He drew a picture for me.

He bought her a novel.= He bought a novel for her.

Please fetch me some chalk.= Please fetch some chalk for me.

Please choose me a new tie . = Please choose a new tie for me.

He is preparing us breakfast.= He is preparing breakfast for us.

▲Verbs:

tell(告诉某人……), tell sb sth (tell sth to sb)

lend(送给某人……), send sb sth (send sth to sb)

give(给某人……), give sb sth (give sth to sb)

bring(带给某人……), bring sb sth (bring sth to sb)

leave(留给某人……), leave sb sth (leave sth to sb)

pass(递给某人……), pass sb sth (pass sth to sb)

read(给某人读……), read sb sth (read sth to sb)

write(给某人写……), write sb sth (write sth to sb)

take(给某人拿……), take sb sth (take sth to sb)

show(给某人看……), show sb sth (show sth to sb)

teach(教给某人……), teach sb sth (teach sth to sb)

lend(借给某人……), lend sb. sth (lend sth to sb)

return(还给某人……) return sb sth (return sth to sb)

hand(递给某人……) hand sb sth (hand sth to sb)

throw(扔给某人……) throw sb sth (throw sth to sb)

get(为某人弄到……), get sb sth (get sth for sb)

pay(支付给某人……), pay sb sth (pay sth for sb)

buy(为某人买……),buy sb sth (buy sth for sb)

do(为某人做……) do sb sth (do sth for sb)

sing(为某人唱……) sing sb sth (sing sth for sb)

play(为某人演奏……) play sb sth (play sth for sb)

cook(为某人煮……) cook sb sth (cook sth for sb)

choose(为某人选择……) choose sb sth (choose sth for sb)

make(为某人做……) make sb sth (make sth for sb)

save(为某人留……) save sb sth (save sth for sb)

fetch(为某人去取……) fetch sb sth (fetch sth for sb)

5.S + vt + O + O.C(n./ adj./ adv./ v-ing /p.p / to be /to do/ do /prep.)

They call me Justice.

We must keep the classroom clean.

He asked us to keep quiet.

I found the glass broken.

I will keep your words in my mind.

Consolidation

The sun was shining.

This is an English-Chinese dictionary.

The trouble is that they are short of money.

I want to have a cup of tea.

The pen writes smoothly

He admits that he was mistaken.

I gave my car a wash.

Everything looks different.

The war made him a soldier.

We all breathe, eat, and drink.

New methods make the job easy.

He enjoys reading.

They talked for half an hour.

They ate what was left over.

He is growing tall and strong.

I told him that the bus was late.

She ordered herself a new dress.

I often find him at work.

The moon rose.

She smiled her thanks.

The dinner smells good.

The teacher asked the students to close the windows. They painted the door green.

The universe remains.

Who cares?

His face turned red.

I saw a cat running across the road.

This set them thinking.

He denies her nothing.

He fell in love.

I showed him my pictures.

What he said does not matter.

They appointed him manager.

Our well has gone dry.

She cooked her husband a delicious meal.

He brought you a dictionary.

Who knows the answer?

He has refused to help them.

He said "Good morning."

He showed me how to run the machine.