甘肃省靖远一中、中恒学校高三英语第二次诊断联考【会员独享】
甘肃省靖远一中与中恒学校高三年级第二次诊断联考地理试题参考答案
2012届甘肃省靖远一中与中恒学校高三年级第二次诊断联考地理试题参考答案第I卷（选择题共50分）一、选择题（本大题共25小题，每小题2分，共50分。
在每小题列出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
）题目 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13答案 B D B A C A A C A B A C B题目14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25答案 D C D B A B C C B D C A第II卷（综合题共50分）二、综合题（本大题共5小题，共50分。
）26、（1）大牧场放牧业商品谷物农业乳畜业（2）优越的自然条件；便利的交通运输；地广人稀；高度发达的工业；先进的科技。
（3）生产规模大、机械化程度高（以上每点1分）27、（1）2012年7月27日20时12分30（每空1分）（2）①温带落叶阔叶林带②温带落叶阔叶林带③降水季节分配均匀④降水集中冬季（每点各1分）（3）含沙老大、有结冰期、水量变化大（2分）；海洋性特征最显著（2分，合理酌情给分）28、（1）澜沧江新加坡（各1分）（2）气候湿热（1分）、地势平坦土壤肥沃（1分）、劳动力丰富、耕作历史悠久、经验丰富。
（答其中任1点得1分）（3）爪哇岛地处赤道地区，常年在赤道低气压带控制下，终年盛行上升气流，故冬夏季节都有垂直对流运动，因而雷雨天气特别多。
（2分）（4）日本主要接近原料产地和利用当地廉价劳动力（1分）美国硅谷主要利用当地廉价的土地和劳动力（2分）。
29．（1）冬季降水西多东少（或西北多，东南少），（1分）主要集中在日本海沿岸地区。
（1分）（2）D（2分）（3）日本人口众多，经济发达，能源需求量大；（1分）常规能源缺乏；（1分）科技水平高；（1分）核能能量密集，燃料运输量小，地区适应性强。
（1分）（4）北太平洋暖流（1分）风能太阳能、地热能、海洋能等（1分）30．（1）附近有铁矿、煤矿，（1分）有水电站，（1分）劳动力成本低。
甘肃省靖远一中、中恒学校2012届高三第二次诊断联考政治试题
靖远一中与中恒学校高三联考政治试题本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。
满分100分，考试时间100分钟。
注意事项请考生务必将自己的班级、考号、姓名填写在答题卡指定地方。
所有题目答案均答在答题卡上。
第Ⅰ卷（选择题共48分）一、本卷共24小题，每题2分，共48分。
在每题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题目要求的。
1.《诗经·卫风·氓》中有“抱布贸丝”的说法。
对这种贸易方式认识正确的是( )①这是一种以物易物的交换方式②这是商品流通的一种具体方式③在这种交换方式中不遵循等价交换的原则④在这种方式下不会出现通货膨胀A．①② B．②③ C．③④ D．①④2．2009年8月，人民币对美元汇率变化如图，从变化趋势看是人民币升值。
人民币升值不利于( )①我国出口贸易的发展②我国进出口贸易的发展③我国对外投资的增加④吸引外商在我国投资A.①②B.②④C.②③D.①④3．政府给消费者一定的新能源汽车购置补贴，会影响消费者对新能源汽车的市场需求量。
下列图像最能正确反映这一信息的是（）（ ___补贴前的消费量补贴后的消费量；横轴x为需求量；纵轴Y轴为价格）A B C D4．移动通信进入3G时代后，人们可以感受到3G带来的精彩生活——更高质量的通话，更快速度的上网，还可以享受视频电话等多种信息服务，这将大大改善居民的消费方式，提高消费水平。
这反映出（）①消费是社会再生产的重要环节②消费对生产的调整和升级起重要作用③消费的种类、质量是通过生产创造的④生产对消费提供对象，为消费创造动力A．①④ B．③④ C．①③ D．②④5．2010年7月以来，我国CPI上涨幅度不断攀升，特别是食品价格的大幅上涨，触动了普通民众的敏感神经。
平抑物价，保障民生，政府可采取的措施是（）①发展农业生产，保障产品供应②扩大财政支出，增加建设投资③规范市场秩序，打击恶意囤积④提高准备金率，抑制消费需求A．①② B．①③ C．②③ D．③④6．“十二五”期间，我国在分配制度改革方面要努力提高居民收入在国民收入分配中的比重，提高劳动报酬在初次分配中的比重，实现“两个同步”：居民收入增长和经济发展同步、劳动报酬增长和劳动生产率提高同步。
甘肃省靖远县高三文综下学期第二次联考试题(扫描版)(new)
甘肃省靖远县2018届高三文综下学期第二次联考试题
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2019-2020学年靖江高级中学高三英语第二次联考试题及答案
2019-2020学年靖江高级中学高三英语第二次联考试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIn Sweden, McDonald’s is building “bee hotels” on the back of its roadside billboards (广告牌) to help save the country’s decreasing bee population. It launched the campaign together with outdoor advertising giant JCDecaux. Six large wooden bee hotels, with drilled holes on the front, first appeared on the back of a north-facing billboard in Jarfalla in September.“Without pollination (授粉) from bees, a thirdof the food we eat would be threatened.” McDonald’s said. But it turns out that at least 30 percent of the country’s wild bee population is endangered, according to the fast-food chain. A big problem is that they lack places to live. Based on data released by Chalmers University of Technology, we know Sweden owns 274 species of bees, of which 37 species are bumblebees, and more than a third are decreasing or face the risk of decreasing. Their natural habitats have been damaged by factors including the changes of agricultural activities and fast urbanization (城市化). Fortunately, most bees are able to survive in urban habitats, like the bee hotels.Every McDonald’s authorized restaurant in Sweden will be allowed to order their own bee hotel billboards and design the messages by themselves, as the fast-food chain says. It is their hope that the number of hotels could grow to a greater extent in the near future. Great efforts in addition to that have been made by the company. On World Bee Day, May 20, it introduced “the world’s smallest McDonald’s”. McHive, which could function as an actual beehive (蜂箱). Designed by set designer Nilsson himself, the creation was sold for $10,000 at a charity fundraiser held for Ronald McDonald House Charities.Beehives can be found on the rooftops of some McDonald’s restaurants in Sweden, too. This took place in certain areas but is now followed by an increasing number of participants. More McDonald’s restaurants are making an effort to improve the living conditions of wild bees by removing the grass round their restaurants to grow flowers and plants instead.1. According to the passage, the challenge that wild bees are facing is ________A. the fast process of industry.B. the world's Large amount of trash.C. the rapid development of urbanization.D. the sharp growth of population.2. How does McDonald's help wild bees in Sweden?A. By providing shelters for bees.B. By offering food to bees.C. By advertising rescue activities.D. By putting up more billboards.3. What is the best title for the text?A. Wild bees in dangerB. The loss of bees’ habitatsC McDonald’s bee hotelsD. The protection of wild beesBIn life，once on a path，we tend to follow it，for better or worse.What's sad is that even if it's the latter，we often accept it anyway because we are so used to the way things are that wed don't even recognize that they could be different This is a phenomenon psychologist call functional fixedness.This classic experiment will give you an idea of howitworks and a sense of whether you may have fallen into the same trap: People are given a box of tacks (大头钉) and some matches and asked to find a way to attach a candle to a wall so that it burns properly.Typically, the subjects try tacking the candle to the wall or lighting it to fix it with melted wax. The psychologists had, of course, arranged it so that neither of these obvious approaches would work. The tacks are too short, and the paraffin (石蜡) doesn't stick to the wall. So how can you complete the task? The successful technique is to use the tack box as a candle-holder. You empty it, tack it to the wall. and stand the candle inside it. To think of that, you have to look beyond the box's usual role as a receptacle just for tacks and re-imagine it serving an entirely new purpose. That is difficult because we all suffer to one degree or another from functional fixedness.The inability to think in new ways affects people in every corner of society. The political theorist Hannah Arendt coined the phrase“frozen thoughts”to describe deeply held ideas that we no longer question but should. In Arendt's eyes, the self- content reliance on such accepted “truths”also made people blind to ideas that didn't fit their worldview, even when there was plenty of evidence for them.Frozen thinking has nothing to do with intelligence, she said,“It can be found in highly intelligent people.”4. What does the underlined word“it”in paragraph 2 refer to?A. The experiment.B. Functional fixedness.C. The path.D. The thinking.5. Which way is hard to think of to complete the task?A. Tacking the candle to the wall.B. Fixing the candle with melted wax.C. Using the tack box as a candle-holder.D. Lighting the candle tostand it.6. Which of the following statements will Hannah Arendt agree with?A. People should question.B. We should be used to the way things are.C. People shouldn't accept the idea that doesn't fit their worldview.D. The smarter people are，the more open to the new things they are.7. What's the passage mainly about?A. An interesting experimentB. A psychological phenomenon.C. A theory to be proved.D. The opinion of Hannah Arendt.CWho is a genius? This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries.Let's state clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almost the international symbol for genius. But we want to go beyond one man and explore the nature of genius itself. Why is it that some people are so much more intelligent or creative than the rest of us? And who are they?In the sciences and arts, those praised as geniuses were most often white men, of European origin. Perhaps this is not a surprise. It's said that history is written by the victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club—women, or people of a different color1 or belief—they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.A study recently published bySciencefound that as young as age six, girls are less likely than boys to say that members of their gender(性别)are “really, really smart.” Even worse, the study found that girls act on that belief: Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are “really, really smart.” Can our planetafford to have any great thinkers become discouraged and give up? It doesn't take a genius to know the answer: ly not.Here's the good news. In a wired world with constant global communication, we're all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear. And the more we look, the more we will see that social factors(因素)like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius. As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance(毅力), and simple good fortune, who are able to change the world.”8. Whatdoes the author think of victors' standards for joining the genius club?A. They're unfair.B. They're conservative.C. They're objective.D. They're strict.9. What can we infer about girls from the study inScience?A. They think themselves smart.B. They look up to great thinkers.C. They see gender differences earlier than boys.D. They are likely to be influenced by social beliefs10. Why are more geniuses known to the public?A. Improved global communication.B. Less discrimination against women.C.Acceptance of victors' concepts.D. Changes in people's social positions.11. What is the best title for the text?A. Geniuses Think AlikeB. Genius Takes Many FormsC. Genius and IntelligenceD. Genius and LuckDOne weekend I went toBuffaloto talk at a writers' conference organized by a group of women writers. The women were serious about their writing skills, and the articles they had written were solid and useful. They asked me to take part in a radio talk show earlier in the week to publicize the conference-they would be with the host in the studio and I would be on a telephone linking from my apartment inNew York.The appointed evening arrived, and my phone rang, and the host came on and greeted me. He said he had three lovely ladies in the studio with him and he was eager to find out what we all thought of the present state ofliterature and what advice we had for all his listeners who were members of the literati and had literary ambitions themselves.This hearty introduction dropped like a stone among us, and none of the three lovely ladies said anything, which I thought was the proper response.The silence lengthened, and finally I said, “I think we should stop mentioning the words literature and literary and literati. We're here to talk about the skills of writing.” Iknew that the host had been given information about what kind of writers we were and what we wanted to discuss. But he had no other preparation. "Tell me what insights do you have about the literary experience inAmericatoday?” Silence also greeted this question.He didn’t know what to do with that, and he began to mention the names of authors like Ernest Hemingway and Saul Bellow and William Styron, whom we surely regarded as literary giants. We said those writers didn't happen to be our models, and we mentioned people like Lewis Thomas and Joan Didion and Gary Wills, whom he hadn't heard of. We explained that these were writers we admired. “But don't you want to write anything literary?” our host said We were speechless.It was one of the all-time upset radio talk shows.12. What do we know about the talk show?A. It was organized by women writers.B. It was publicized at the conference.C. The author went toBuffaloto take part in it.D. The author participated in it inNew York.13. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 2 mean?A. The introduction struck us heavily with a stone.B. The introduction received embarrassing response.C. The introduction increased the listeners' interest.D. The introduction carried the host's praise for us.14. What was the author's reaction when the host mentioned the three great literary- giants?A. Excited.B. Inspired.C. Uninterested.D. Satisfied.15. Who may be the author's model?A. Joan Didion.B. Ernest Hemingway.C. Saul Bellow.D. William Styron.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020-2021学年靖江高级中学高三英语第二次联考试卷及答案
2020-2021学年靖江高级中学高三英语第二次联考试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AVail Marriott Mountain ResortVail Winter Weather GuideCovered in grand mountains，flashing lights and snowy pines, Vail is perfect for explorers and people who love adventures alike. Whether skiing down the slopes for the first time or the hundredth, this guide will ensure that you're ready for everything this city has to offer.Best Time to VacationDecember through to March tends to be the best time for those interested in skiing down the slopes in style.Know Before You GoMake the necessary preparations and reservations in advance：• Ski and Snowboard Rentals（租赁）：Don't have your own equipment! Vail Sports rents out a variety of skis and snowboards for all ages and abilities, as well as snow shoes and helmets.• Clothing Rentals：For those not interested in purchasing hundreds of dollars of ski clothing for one vacation. Mountain Threads has a rental program just for you, where you can get mountain necessities like coats, pants and goggles（护目镜）.• Suncream：You might not think about getting sunburn, but it happens to skiers and snowboarders every day.• Difficulty levels：It's important to know what level you're at before jumping on a ski lift and heading up the mountain. Use a free trail map and plan the slopes you're going to ski down ahead of time based on the following levels you'll find up the mountain：• Green Circle：These are the easiest slopes.• Blue Square：These indicate average to medium levels.• Black Diamond：The most advanced slopes. Some mountains will feature double black diamonds, indicating even higher difficulty.While Vail is famous for snow sports, you'll find plenty of other fun things to do once the sun goes down or you are tired. Explore the rest of our website for more information!1. When is the best time to visit Vail if you like skiing?A. In March, April June and DecemberB. In December, February, April and MarchC. In January, February, March and DecemberD. In September, October, November and December2. Before you go to the Vail Marriott Mountain Resort, you will have to take ________with you.A. helmetsB. gogglesC. suncreamD. a trail map3. What will a skiing beginner who wants to enjoy himself prefer to choose?A. Blue SquareB. Black DiamondC Double Black Diamonds D. Green CircleBFor decades, an organization, called Ulum Dalska, based in a small Swedish town called Alvdalen, hasbeen working hard to help save a language called EIfdalian. Elfdalian sounds nothing like the country's national language, Swedish, which press secretary Bjorm Rehnstrom said affected the language about 100 years ago. At that point, Elfdalian declined. Ulla Schitt, also a Ulum Dalska member, experienced the change while growing up in Alvdalen.“My parents spoke Efdalian with each other, and with my grandma and my aunts and uncles and everyone around,”Schit said. “But when they turned to me, they spoke Swedish.” Schitt said her parents spoke Swedish with her because that's what was spoken in schools.But people are getting creative in the fight to change that trend. Musicians are creating new songs with Elfdalian. Several children's books were also translated into EIfdalian, including Le Petit Prince by Antoine de Saint-Exupery. Additionally, Bjorm Rehnstrom helps run a popular Facebook group that offers courses in the Elfdalian language, where he offers lessons to the group's 1,800 global members from America, Australia, South America, Indonesia, Haiti and Cape Verde.The local government supports the teaching and preservation of Elfdalian. Bjom Rehnstrom said they eagerly paid for a sign that reads: “Welcome to Alvdalen” in Elfdalian. But the national government of Sweden is a different story. They currently consider Eidalian a dialect of Swedish, not its own language.Schitt said every time a language dies it is a sad moment. To her, losing Elfdalian would be an especially tragic (悲剧的) loss. “It's a part of our identity. It's part of our culture,” she said. “And if part of your identity and culture dies, a part of yourself dies.” Getting Elfdalian recognized as a language by the Swedish government, she added, iskey to making sure that death doesn't come.4. Why was Ulum Dalska founded?A. To teach Swedish.B. To save Elfdalian.C. To improve Alvdalen.D. To help schools.5. Why Schitt's parents spoke Swedish with her?A. They could only speak Swedish fluently.B. Schitt longed to speak Swedish at home.C. Swedish was the language of schools.D. It was required by her school teachers,6. What can we infer from paragraph 4?A. Many people are trying to help to save Elfdalian.B. Songs in Elfdalian are becoming more popular.C. Le Petit Prince was translated into various languages.D. Courses in Eldalian are provided to the world freely.7. What does Schitt think of preserving Elfdalian?A. Satisfactory.B. Vital.C. Dangerous.D. Meaningless.CWe asked four people who watched an online talk on technology and communication by Sherry Turkle for their opinions.Fred:The talk certainly gave me plenty of food for thought about how technology is changing our behaviour. People are constantly multitasking, whether it be emailing during meetings or texting in the checkout queue. It’s as if we can’t bear to miss out on what our online friends are up to, so we juggle the real and online world. My greatest concern is that we don’t give our brains a chance to switch off. It’sthese precious momentswhen we actually process information that helps us make important decisions.Jeremy:It was a fascinating talk and the speaker really hit the nail on the head with a couple of things. Take parental influence, for instance. How can we expect teenagers not to text while doing their homework when they witness their parents posting on social media while cooking the evening meal or waiting at a red light?Kath:So much of what the speaker said rang true. I honestly believe there’s a danger that the more connected weare, the more isolated we feel. I don’t think this is such an issue for my generation who’ve lived without technology for so long. We know how to be alone. But the under 20s are another kettle of fish. They’re so busy communicating that they never experience the feeling of solitude and run the risk of not learning how to enjoy their own company.Carl:I’m not sure to what extent I agree that people are more alone, but the way we communicate has certainly evolved. The speaker makes a good point about how we’re getting used to talking with machines like Siri or robots, which are totally lack of experience of human life. But despite such limitations, we seem to be expecting more from technology and less from each other.8. What does the underlined phrase “these precious moments” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. When our brains are free.B. When we emailing during meeting.C. When we texting in the checkout queue.D. When we juggle the real and online world.9. What suggestion may Jeremy give to the parents?A. Accompany their children when they are doing homework.B. Prevent their children using phone while doing homework.C. Set a good example for their children on using phone properly.D. Stop posting on social media in face of their children.10. What does Kath worry about the under 20s generation?A. They communicate more with others.B. They use more technology.C. It’s difficult for them to find companies.D. They don’t know how to be alone.11. What is Carl’s attitude towards the use of technology in communication?A. Favorable.B. Intolerant.C. Doubtful.D. Indifferent.DAustralia’s Great Barrier Reef has lost 50% of its corals (珊瑚) within 30 years, with climate change a key driver of reef disturbance, a new study has found.Researchers from the ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, inQueensland, northeasternAustralia, studied coral communities and theirsize along the length of theGreat Barrier Reefbetween 1995 and 2017, finding all coral populations disappear gradually, they said.Reefs are important to the health of ocean ecosystems — without them, ecosystems break down and ocean life dies.Coral population decreases happened in both shallow and deep water coral species, experts found, but branching and table-shaped corals — which provide habitats for fish — were worst affected by mass bleaching (漂白) events in 2016.Warm ocean temperatures are the main reason of coral bleaching. Bleaching doesn’t kill coral immediately, but if temperatures remain high, eventually the coral will die, destroying a natural habitat for many species of ocean life.“We used to think the Great Barrier Reef is protected by its huge size — but in fact our results show that even the world’s largest and ly well-protected reef system is increasingly destroyed and in decline,” Terry Hughes, an outstanding professor at the ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, said.“There is no time to lose — we must sharply decrease greenhouse gas emissions as soon as possible,” the reporter warned in the paper, published in the Proceedings of the Royal Society journal.12. What has mainly influenced the coral populations of theGreat Barrier Reef?A. Destroyed habitats.B. Climate change.C. Lack of seafood.D. Bleaching events.13. What can we learn from the passage?A. Many species has been dying out slowly.B. The size of reefs contributes to their protection.C. Ocean ecosystems don’t develop without reefs.D. Bleaching continually disturbs table-shaped corals.14. What attitude does the reporter hold to the present situation of theGreat Barrier Reef?A. Worried.B. Angry.C. Hopeful.D. Surprised.15. What is probably the best title for the passage?A. Climate change damages theGreat Barrier ReefB. The Species of ocean Life Are In DangerC. Greenhouse Gas Emissions Get WorseD. Sea Ecosystems Are In Decline第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2024届高三八省八校第二次学业质量评价 (T8联考)英语试卷(含解析)
2024届高三第二次学业质量评价（T8联考）英语试题八校：（广东实验中学、东北育才中学、石家庄二中、华中师大一附中、西南大学附中、南京师大附中、湖南师大附中、福州一中）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15. 答案是C。
1.Why is the man late for work?A.He repaired his clock.B.The clock didn’t ring.C.He experimented unsuccessfully.2.How will the woman get her health report?A.She will get it after work.B.The man will send it to her.C.Her sister will get it for her.3.What does the man want to do?A.See a doctor.B.Deliver a speech.C.Keep a frog.4.Where can the woman get the bus information?A.From the apartment.B.From the bus stop.C.From the local library.5.When will the man leave?A.In the morning.B.In the afternoon.C.In the evening.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
甘肃省靖远一中、中恒学校2012届高三第二次诊断联考语文试题
【答案】7 15．(2010中考变式题)在5月汛期，重庆某沿江村庄因洪水而沦为孤岛．当时洪水流速为10千米/时，张师傅奉命用冲锋舟去救援，他发现沿洪水以最大速度顺流航行2千米所用的时间，与以最大速度逆流航行1.2千米所用的时间相等，请你计算出该冲锋舟在静水中的最大航速为__________． 【答案】40千米/时 三、解答题(共40分) 16．(20分)解分式方程． 经检验：x＝6 是原分式方程的解． ∴原方程的解是x＝6. 18．(10分)(2011·河北)甲、乙两人准备整理一批新到的实验器材，若甲单独整理需要40分钟完工；若甲、乙共同整理20分钟后，乙需再单独整理20分钟才能完工． (1)问乙单独整理多少分钟完工？ (2)若乙因工作需要，他的整理时间不超过30分钟，则甲至少整理多少分钟才能完工？ 经检验x＝80 是原分式方程的解． 答：乙单独整理80分钟完工． 答：甲至少整理25分钟才能完工． 考点知识精讲 中考典例精析 第8讲 分式方程 考点训练 举一反三 考点一 分式方程及解法 1．分式方程 分母里含有________的方程，叫做分式方程． 2．解分式方程的基本思想 把分式方程转化为整式方程，即 分式方程___________整式方程 (1)去分母，转化为整式方程；(2)解整式方程，得根；(3)验根． 4．增根 在方程变形时,使原分式方程的分母为零的根,称为原方程的增根.解分式方程时，有可能产生增根，因此解分式方程要验根(其方法是代入最简公分母中，使最简公分母为0的是增根，否则不是)． 未知数 考点知识精讲 中考典例精析 第8讲 分式方程 考点训练 举一反三 考点二 与增根有关的问题 1．分式方程的增根必须同时满足两个条件(1)__________________________； (2)________________________________. 2．增根在含参数的分式方程中的应用由增根求参数的值．解答思路为：(1)将原方程化为整式方程；(2)确定增根；(3)将增根代入变形后的整式方程，求出参数的值． 是由分式方程化成的整式方程的根 使最简公分母为零 考点三 列分式方程解应用题 1.列分式方程解应用题和其他列方程解应用题一样,不同之处是列出的方程是分式方程. 求出分式方程解后，一定要记住对所列方程和实际问题验根，不要缺少了这一步. 2.应用问题中常用的数量关系及题型 （1）数字问题.（包括日历中的数字规律）①设个位数字为c，十位数字为b，百位数字为a，则这个三位数是____________； ②日历中前后两日差___，上下两日差_____. 100a+10b+c 1 7 （2）体积变化问题. （3）打折销售问题. ①利润=_______-成本； ②利润率=_________×100%. （4）行程问题. 路程=____×_____. 若用v表示轮船的速度，用v顺、v逆、v水分别表示轮船顺水、逆水和水流的速度，在下列式子中填空. v顺＝v＋ v逆＝v－____ v＝__________v水＝_________ 售价 速度 时间 v水 v水 在轮船航行问题中，知v顺、v逆、v、v水中的任何两个量，总能求出其他的量． (5)教育储蓄问题． ①利息＝___________________； ②本息和＝_______________＝本金×(1＋利率×期数)；③利息税＝_______________； ④贷款利息＝贷款数额×利率×期数． 本金×利率×期数 本金＋利息 利息×利息税率 【解答】(1)C (2)D 【点拨】本题考查分式方程的解法，一般步骤为：(1)去分母，转化为整式方程；(2)解整式方程，得根；(3)验根．这三步缺一不可． 方法总结： 解分式方程时，一定要记得验根，使分母为零的未知数的值，即是方程的增根. (2011·德州)为创建“国家卫生城市”，进一步优化市中心城区的环境，德州市政府拟对部分路段的人行道地砖、花池、排水管道等公用设施全面更新改造，根据市政府建设的需要，须在60天内完成工程，现在甲、乙两个工程队有能力承包这个工程，经调查知道：乙队单独完成此项工程的时间比甲队单独完成多用25天，甲、乙两队合作完成工程需要30天，甲队每天的工程费用2 500元，乙队每天的工程费用2 000元． (1)甲、乙两个工程队单独完成各需多少天？ (2)请你设计一种符合要求的施工方案，并求出所需的工程费用． 【点拨】列分式方程解决实际问题，要特别注意解的合理性，需检验求出的未知数的值是否是原方程的根以及是否符合题意． 答案：C 5．为了提高产品的附加值，某公司计划将研发生产的1 200件新产品进行精加工后再投放市场．现在甲、乙两个工厂都具备加工能力，公司派出相关人员分别到这两间工厂了解情况，获得如下信息： 信息一：甲工厂单独加工完成这批产品比乙工厂单独加工完成这批产品多用10天； 信息二：乙工厂每天加工的数量是甲工厂每天加工数量的1.5倍． 根据以上信息，求甲、乙两个工厂每天分别能加工多少件新产品？ 答案：甲工厂每天加工40件产品，乙工厂每天加工60件产品 分式方程 训练时间：60分钟 分值：100分 【答案】B A．2－1－x＝1 B．2－1＋x＝1 C．2－1＋x＝2xD．2－1－x＝2x 【解析】等号两边同乘以2x，去分母后为2－1＋x＝2x. 【答案】C A．5 B．－5 C．6 D．4 【解析】原式去分母后得x＝3(x－5)－a，把增根x＝5代入得a＝－5. 【答案】B A．x＝－2B．x＝2 C．x＝4 D．无解 【答案】D 5．(2010中考变式题)货车行驶25千米与小车行驶35千米所用的时间相同，已知小车每小时比货车多行驶20千米，求两车的速度各为多少？设货车的速度为x千米/小时，依题意列方程正确的是( ) 【答案】C 6．(2011·苏州)下列四个结论中，正确的是( ) 【答案】D 7．(2011·铜仁)小明从家里骑自行车到学校，每小时骑15 km，可早到10分钟；每小时骑12 km，就会迟到5分钟．问他家到学校的路程是多少千米？设他家到学校的路程是x km，则根据题意列出的方程是( ) 【答案】A 8．(2011·沈阳)小明乘出租车去体育场，有两条路线可供选择：路线一的全程是25千米，但交通比较拥堵；路线二的全程是30千米，平均车速比走路线一时的平均车速能提高80%，因此能比走路线一少用10 分钟到达．若设走路线一时的平均车速为x千米/时，则根据题意，得( )【答案】A 二、填空题(每小题4分，共28分) 【解析】去分母得x＝2(x＋1)，整理得－x＝2，∴x＝－2，经检验x＝－2是原方程的解． 【答案】－2 【答案】5 12．(2010中考变式题)某市为治理污水，需要铺设一段全长为300 m的污水排放管道．铺设120 m后，为了尽量减少施工对城市交通所造成的影响，后来每天的工效比原计划增加20%，结果共用30天完成这一任务，求原计划每天铺设管道的长度．如果设原计划每天铺设x m管道，那么根据题意，可得方程________________________． 【解析】题目中的等量关系为：原计划铺设120 m用的天数＋后来180 m新工效所用的天数＝30. 13．(2011·青岛)某车间加工120个零件后，采用了新工艺，工效是原来的1.5倍，这样加工同样多的零件就少用1 小时．采用新工艺前每小时加工多少个零件？若设采用新工艺前每小时加工x个零件，则根据题意可列方程为________________________． 【解析】本题存在两个等量关系：(1)采用新工艺每小时加工零件数＝1.5×采用新工艺前每小时加工零件数；(2)采用旧工艺用的时间—采用新工艺用的时间＝1. (1)(2011·芜湖)分式方程＝的解为( ) A．x＝－2 B．x＝2 C．x＝1 D．x＝1或x＝2 (2)分式方程1=有增根则m的值为( ) A．0和3 B．1 C．1和－2 D．3 【点拨】(1)去分母得2x－5＝－3，解得x＝1.经检验x＝1是原方程的解． (2)由(x－1)(x＋2)＝0得增根可能是x＝1或x＝－2，把方程两边都乘(x－1)(x＋2)得x(x＋2)－(x－1)·(x＋2)＝m，当x＝1时，得m＝3；当x＝－2时，得m＝0，此时方程变为－1＝0，即x＝x－1，此时方程无解，故m＝0舍去，当m＝3时， 原方程有增根x＝1. (2011·大连)解方程：＋1＝. 【解答】＋1＝－， 去分母得5＋(x－2)＝－(x－1)． 解得x＝－1. 检验：把x＝－1代入x－2中x－2≠0.x＝－1是原方程的解 【解答】设甲工程队单独完成该工程需x天，则乙工程队单独完成该工程需(x＋25)天． 根据题意得：＋＝1. 方程两边同乘x(x25),得30(x25)+30x=x(x+25),即x235x-750＝0. 解之，得x1＝50，x2＝－15. 经检验，x1＝50，x2＝－15都是原方程的解． 但x2＝－15不符合题意，应舍去． 当x＝50时，x＋25＝75. 答甲工程队单独完成该工程需50天乙工程队单独完成该工程需75天． (2)此问题只要设计出符合条件的一种方案即可． 方案一：由甲工程队单独完成． 所需费用：2 500×50＝125 000(元)． 方案二：甲、乙两队合作完成． 所需费用为：(2 500＋2 000)×30＝135 000(元)． 其他方案略． 1．分式方程＝的解是( ) A．3 B．4 C．5 D．无解 2.某车间加工120个零件后采用了新工艺工效是原来的15倍这样加工同样多的零件就少用1小时采用前每小时加工多少个零件若设采用新工艺前每小时加工x个零件则根据题意可列方程为 3．解方程：＋1＝. 4．解方程：－－1＝0. 答案：x＝－ 答案：x1＝，x2＝2 -=1 一、选择题(每小题4分，共32分) 1．(2010中考变式题)方程＝的解为( ) A．x＝ B．x＝－ C．x＝－2 D．无解 【解析】＝，3(x＋1)＝x＋2,3x＋3＝x＋2，2x＝－1，x＝－，经检验x＝－是原方程的根． 2．(2010中考变式题)以下是方程－＝1去分母后的结果，其中正确的是( ) 3．(2012中考预测题)已知方程＝3－有增根，则a的值为( ) 4．(2010中考变式题)解方程＝的结果是( ) 【解析】＝，8＝2(2＋x)，8＝4＋2x，x＝2 当x＝2时，4－x2＝0，x＝2是原方程的增根，原方程无解．A.＝B.＝C.＝D.＝ 【解析】由题意知小车的速度为(x＋20)千米/时，根据货车行驶25千米与小车行驶35千米所用的时间相同，得＝. A．方程x＋＝－2有两个不相等的实数根 B．方程x＋＝1有两个不相等的实数根 C．方程x＋＝2有两个不相等的实数根D．方程x＋＝a(其中a为常数，且|a|＞2)有两个不相等的实数根 【解析】由x＋＝－2得＝0，得x＝－1，A项错误；由x＋＝1得＝0，(－1)2－4×1×1＜0，B项错误； 由x＋＝2得＝0，得x＝1，C项错误；因此D项正确． A.＋＝－ B.－＝＋ C.－＝－ D.＋10＝－5 【解析】规定到校时间为＋或－，得方程＋＝－. 9．(2011·吉林)方程＝2 的解是x＝________. 10．(2011·成都)已知x＝1 是分式方程＝的根，则实数k＝________. 【解析】将x＝1 代入分式方程得＝3k，k＝. 【答案】 11．(2010中考变式题)当x＝________时，分式的值等于2. 【解析】＝2，x＋3＝2(x－1)，x＋3＝2x－2，x＝5，经检验x＝5是原方程的根． 【答案】－＝1 14．(2012中考预测题)已知x＋＝3，则代数式x2＋的值为__________． 【解析】x2＋＝(x＋)2－2＝32－2＝9－2＝7. 【解析】解：设该冲锋舟在静水中的最大航速为x千米/时，则有＝，解得x＝40，经检验，x＝40是原方程的根，即该冲锋舟在静水中的最大航速为40千米/时． (1)(2011·大连)＋1＝； (2)(2011·黄冈)＋＝1； (3)(2010中考变式题)＝； (4)(2011·陕西)－1＝. 【答案】解：(1)＋1＝－， 去分母得5＋(x－2)＝－(x－1)，解得x＝－1. 经检验x＝－1是原方程的解，原方程的解是x＝－1. (2)＋＝1， 去分母，得2(x＋3)＋x2＝x(x＋3)， 去括号，得2x＋6＋x2＝x2＋3x， 移项、合并同类项，得－x＋6＝0，系数化为1，得x＝6. (3)＝，方程两边同乘以x(3x－2)得3x－2＝x2，即x2－3x＋2＝0，(x－2)(x－1)＝0，x1＝2，x2＝1，经检验x1＝2，x2＝1都是原方程的解，原方程的解为x1＝2，x2＝1. (4)方程两边同乘以x－2得4x－(x－2)＝－3. 4x－x＋2＝－3，即3x＝－5x＝－. 经检验 x＝－是原方程的根． 原方程的解是x＝－. 17．(10分)(2011·北京)列方程或方程组解应用题：京通公交快速通道开通后，为响应市政府“绿色出行”的号召，家住通州新城的小王上班由自驾车改为乘坐公交车．已知小王家距上班地点18千米，他用乘公交车的方式平均每小时行驶的路程比他用自驾车的方式平均每小时行驶的路程的2倍还多9千米，他从家出发到达上班地点，乘公交车方式所用时间是自驾车方式所用时间的.小王用自驾车方式上班平均每小时行驶多少千米？ 【答案】解：设小王用自驾车方式上班平均每小时行驶x千米 依题意，得＝×，解得x＝27. 经检验x＝27 是原方程的解，且符合题意． 答：小王用自驾车方式上班平均每小时行驶27千米． 【答案】解：(1)设乙单独整理x分钟完工，根据题意，得＋＝1. 解得x＝80. (2)设甲整理y分钟完工，根据题意，得1－≤，解得y≥25.。
甘肃省靖远一中、中恒学校2020届高三第二次诊断联考(语文)
靖远一中与中恒中学高三联考语文试卷第Ⅰ卷选择题（共30分）一．（12分，每小题3分）1．下列各组词语中，加点字的读音全都正确的一组是A．脊梁(jǐ) 炮制(páo) 白炽灯(zhì) 鳞次栉比(zhì)B．混沌(hǜn) 悭吝(jiān) 一沓纸(dá) 寡廉鲜耻(xiǎn)C．伺机(sì) 噱头(xué) 刽子手(guì) 畏葸不前(xǐ)D．昵称(nì) 攻讦(jié) 撂挑子(1iào) 喟然长叹(wèi)2．下列句中加点的词语使用正确的一项是A．他不孚众望．．．．，在校运动会上夺得跳远冠军。
B．他为人正直，胸有城府．．．．，深受人们拥戴。
C．鲁迅不仅是“五四”新文化运动的伟大旗手，而且是现代版画艺术的始作俑者．．．．。
D．借鉴我国古代文化和西方文化一定要有选择，不能兼收并蓄．．．．，囫囵吞枣。
3.下列各句中，没有语病的一句是A、为充分发挥劳动力市场工资价位对企业工资水平的引导，为企业内部薪酬分配和调整分配关系搭建信息平台，国资委决定自2010年开始在中央企业开展职位薪酬调查工作。
B、从瘦肉精、苏丹红到孔雀石绿，各种危害人体健康的食品添加剂防不胜防，而防止食品安全事件的频发态势，已是当务之急。
C、谢晋辞世了，相信无数影迷很悲伤。
他的电影曾经带给中国人深刻的集体记忆，既有不一般的故事，也有人性关怀，更是走在每一个时代的前面。
D、电子商务能否成为互联网商业的一个支柱，取决于一个前提，就是它能让更多的消费者、商家和合作网站从中受益。
4.依次填入横线处的语句，衔接最恰当地一组是：数学作为文化的一部分，其最根本的特征是它表达了一种探索精神。
_______ ________ ________ _______ ________①人总有一个信念：宇宙是有秩序的②可是，离开了这种探索精神，数学是无法满足人的物质需要的③因此人应该去探索这种深层内在的秩序，以此来满足人的物质需要④数学的出现是为了满足人类的物质生活需要⑤数学家更进一步相信,这个秩序是可以用数学来表达的A ④②①⑤③B ①③⑤④②C ④②.③①⑤D ①③.④②⑤二、阅读下面文段，完成5－7题。
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靖远一中与中恒学校高三联考英语试卷总分：150分时间：120分钟第一卷（选择题）共100分；答案请写在答题卡上一、语音与单选(20×1分＝20分)第一节语音知识。
从A.B.C.D四个选项中找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分相同的单词。
1. theatre A. measure B. great C. really D. easy2. prison A. insist B. result C. decision D. pleasure3. above A. brother B. position C. woman D. moment4. example A. extreme B. excellent C. existD. excuse5. trousers A. southern B. courage C. soupD. pronounce第二节语法和词汇知识。
从A.B.C.D四选项中选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。
6. Have you heard _____ news? The price of _____ is going up again﹗A. the; aB. the; theC. the; itD. \; \7. He didn’t come. That’s _____ he was ill.A. thatB. becauseC. whyD. how8. I still remember the days ______ we spent together in the countryside.A. \B. whatC. whenD. where9. You are looking for two seats to sits down with your friends, but there are ____.A. noB. nothingC. no oneD. none10. Helen ______ go on t he trip with us, but she isn’t quite sure yet.A. shallB. mustC. mayD. can11. This kind of fruit tastes good and _____ well.A. is soldB. sellsC. soldD.selling12. I’m looking forward to _____ you.A. hear fromB. to hear fromC. hearing fromD. heard from13. ______ breaks the law will be punishedA. whoB. anyoneC. \D. whoever14. The population of China ____ 1.3 billion, and 70% of it _____ peasants.A. is; isB. are; areC. is; areD. are;is15. ______ your head, and you will have a good idea..A. UseB. To useC. UsingD. Used16. John’s success has nothing to do with good luck. It is years of hard work ___made him what he is today.A. whyB. whichC. whenD. that17. Oil price has risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, ____ a record US$57.65 a barrel on April 4.A. have reachedB. reachingC. to reachD. to be reaching18. Color-blind people often find it difficult to _____ between blue and green.A. separateB. distinguishC. compareD. contrast19. Mr. Black is a careful and experienced engineer, so he is often ＿＿ to finish some challenging tasks.A. appreciatedB. approachedC. appointedD. agreed20. — Do remember to charge the battery (电池)12 hours when you first use it.— _______.A. Made itB. Got itC. Understoodit D. Remembered it二、完形填空，（20×1.5分＝30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21—40各题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。
It was the last day of the final examination in a large eastern university. Onthe steps of one building, a group of engineering seniors gathered, discussing the exam due to begin in a few 21 . On their faces was confidence (自信). This was their last exam — then on to 22 and jobs.Some talked of jobs they already had; others talked of jobs they 23 get. Withthe certainty of four years of college, they felt ready and able to take 24 ofthe world.The coming exam, they knew, would be a(n) 25 task. The professor had said they could bring 26 books or notes they wanted, requesting only that they didnot 27 each other, during the test.28 they entered the classroom. The professor passed out the papers. And smiles29 on the students’ faces as they noted there were only five essay-type questions.Three hours had passed 30 the professor began to collect the papers. The students no longer looked confident. On their faces was a frightened expression. Papers in hand, no one spoke as the professor faced the class.He looked at the 31 faces before him, and then asked, “How many completedal l five questions?” 32 a hand was raised.“How many answered four?” Still no hands.“Three? Two?” The students moved restlessly in their seats.“One, then? Certainly somebody finished 33 .”But the class remained silent.The professor put down the papers. “That is exactly what I 34 ,” he said.“I just want to impress upon you that, 35 you have completed four years of engineering, there are still many things about the 36 you don’t know. These questions you couldn’t answer are relatively 37 in everyday practice. ” Then smiling, he added, “You will all 38 this course, but remember — even thoughyou are now college graduates, your education has just 39 .”The years have 40 the name of this professor, but not the lesson he taught.21. A. seconds B. minutes C. hours D. days22. A. interview B. discussion C. education D. graduation23. A. would B. must C. have to D. used to24. A. hold B. control C. charge D. place25. A. interesting B. necessary C. easy D. unusual26. A. no B. either C. any D. all27. A. listen to B. look at C. refer to D. talk to28. A. Nervously B. Joyfully C. Quickly D. Curiously29. A. appeared B. changed C. froze D. stopped30. A. then B. as C. before D. after31. A. pleased B. worried C. surprised D. moved32. A. Not B. Once C. Only D. Even33. A. all B. none C. one D. it34. A. wondered B. enjoyed C. hated D. expected35. A. right now B. as though C. now that D. even though36. A. exam B. subject C. question D. college37. A. valuable B. difficult C. common D. strange38. A. pass B. fail C. take D. start39. A. begun B. completed C. failed D. succeeded40. A. forgot B. remembered C. strengthened D. weakened三、阅读理解(20×2分=40分) AWhy do people smoke? One reason is that people become addicted to cigarettes. The addictive substance in cigarettes is nicotine. When people smoke, the nicotine goes right into the blood stream and makes people feel relaxed. A smoker's body gets used to the nicotine (尼古丁)and if he stops smoking, he feels nervous. Many smokers try to stop smoking, but because of the addiction to nicotine they feel so uncomfortable that they often find it too difficult to do so. Another reason is that people simply enjoy smoking. Having a cigarette for many people means taking a break. For .some people smoking becomes part of certain social rituals (礼节), for example, the cigarette after dinner. Many people enjoy smoking because it gives you .something to do with your hands. Reaching for a cigarette, lighting it, flicking (轻弹) the ashes are especially comfortable in situation where a person feels nervous.Many people also like the taste of tar(焦油) in cigarettes. However, it is the tar that causes cancer. While governments and health experts have tried to get people to give up smoking completely, cigarette manufacturers have tried to keep selling them by producing cigarettes with less tar. Many people in Western countries have welcomed these cigarettes since they find it hard to stop smoking but want to reducethe danger to their health.41. Many people become addicted to cigarettes because ______.A. they like to see smoke come out of their mouths and nosesB. they need to get .some tar from cigarettesC. nicotine goes into the blood streamD. smoking can cause cancer42. The substance in cigarettes which can get people addicted to smoking is_______.A. ashesB. nicotineC. smokeD. tar43. Health experts are trying to persuade people to ______.A. smoke less a dayB. buy cigarettes with less tarC. smoke only after dinnerD. stop smoking entirely44. What substance in cigarettes causes cancer?A. Tar.B. The wrapping paper.C. Nicotine.D. The article doesn't tell us.45. People know that smoking is harmful to their health, but many people still smoke becauseA. they are not afraid of deathB. they find it hard to stop smokingC. smoking can make them sickD. they want to reduce the danger to their healthBThe impression you make at the beginning of an interview is very important. Employers often decide to hire someone in the first three minutes of the interview. They judge you by your appearance，attitude and manners.A friendly smile when you walk into the room is important. A smile shows a confident and positive attitude.When you introduce yourself， make eye contact with the interviewer. Some interviewers offer a handshake. Others don’t.Try to be as natural as possible. But pay attention to your body language. The way you sit，walk，gesture，use your voice and show feelings on your face is all part of your body language. It makes the interviewer know how you feel about yourself and the situation you are in. Are you feeling positively about yourself? Your abilities? Your interest in the job?Speak clearly and loudly enough. Show interest and enthusiasm in your voice. When you speak， look at the interviewer. Also，don’t say negative things about yourself，or former employer.Listen to questions carefully. If you don’t understand a question， ask the interviewer to repeat or explain：“I’m sorry, but I didn’t catch that.”“I’m not sure exactly what you mean.”Almost everyone is nervous in a job int erview. Interviewers know that. They don’t expect you to be totally calm and relaxed. But they expect you to try to control yournervousness. They expect you to show confidence in your ability to do the job.At the end of the interview, thank the interviewer for her or his time.It’s a good idea to send a short thank-you letter right after the interview, or deliver it by hand.Phone the company if you have not heard anything after one week. Ask if they have made a decision about the job.Good luck！46. It can be inferred from the passage that __ ____.A. you should always put on a smile when meeting the employerB. you should stand still with respect before the employerC. the first impression is very important in an interviewD. employers understand and like employees’ nervousness47. Why should we pay attention to our body language?A. Because it can help us win the employer’s positive impression.B. Because it can help us feel about the employer.C. Because it is needed by our employer.D. Because we need it to improve our feelings.48. The main purpose of the passage is _ _____.A. to tell right from wrong about job interviewsB. to explain why we should do something about an interviewC. to suggest not being shy in an interviewD. to give you some advice on the art of finding a job49. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A. A Friendly SmileB. Making a Good ExpressionC. Don’t Be NervousD. Sending a Thank-You LetterCPrinceton UniversityLocationThe University is in Princeton(普林斯顿), New Jersey. It is an hour's train ride south of New York City and an hour's train ride north of Philadelphia.StudentsThere are 4,600 undergraduates (本科生). There are also 1,900 graduate students (研究生), but Princeton is unusual among universities in having a student body made up largely of undergraduates.FacultyPrinceton has about 700 full-time faculty members(教员). There are another 300 or so part -time and visiting faculty. All faculty members at Princeton are expected to teach and research.DegreesPrinceton offers two undergraduate degrees: the bachelor (学士) of arts (A.B.)degree and the bachelor of science in engineering (B.S.E.) degree.Academic YearAn academic year runs from September to late May and lasts two terms （fall and spring）. A normal course load is four or five courses per term, although many students take extra courses.Residences(住处)Princeton provides housing for all undergraduate students. Freshmen and second-year students are required to spend their first two years in one of five colleges. Each college has its own dining hall, common rooms and computer centers.Fees and Expenses (Academic Year 2004-2005)Tuition (学费): $29,910Room and board: $ 8,387Other expenses (books, telephone, etc.): $ 3,083Total: $ 41,38050. How many kinds of faculty members are there in Princeton University?A. One.B. Two.C. Three.D. Four.51. In what way is Princeton University different from other American universitiesaccording to the text?A. It has five colleges.B. Its students are mainly undergraduates.C. It provides housing for all undergraduate students.D. All the faculty members at Princeton are expected to teach and research.52. Which of the following is NOT true?A. It's about an hour's train ride from Princeton University to the north of New York City.B. An academic year lasts about nine months in Princeton University.C. Undergraduates should spend their first two years in one of five colleges.D. Princeton offers two undergraduate degrees.DJudo (柔道) and Karate .[kərɑ:ti:] (空手道) are sports for self-defence. They began in the eastern part of the world, but now many Americans enjoy them too. In fact, schools for teaching them have been opened all over the United States and Canada.Players in both sports use only their hands, arms, legs and feet. However, the two sports are quite different. In Karate, players hit each other with the open hand and with the closed fist (拳头) They also use foot for kicking. In Judo, players are more likely to throw each other. Then they try to touch and pin (按住) each other down. They also move their arms and legs in large circles. Karate moves, on the other hand, are short and quick. Players stand away from each other. They only touch one another with quick punches (猛击) and kicks.Can a Karate player beat a Judo player? It depends on the players. One sport is not better than the other. They are both very good forms of self-defense. Both aimtoward control of the mind and body. A wise old man in Japan had a good answer to the question. He said, "We don't say the other martial arts (武术)of soldiers are bad. The mountain does not laugh at the river because it is lowly, not does the river speak ill of the mountain because it can't move about."53．What is the main idea of the passage?A. Judo and Karate are good sports.B. Many Americans enjoy Judo and Karate.C. To tell the difference between Judo and Karate.D. One sport is not better than the other.54．Which detail helps you understand how to do Karate?A. Players hit each other with open hands and closed fists.B. Players touch each other.C. Players use feet for kicking.D. Both A and C.55．According to the passage, which of the following statements is correct?A. Players in Karate use only hands and feet.B. Players in Judo use only arms and legs.C. Players in both sports use only arms, legs, hands and feet.D. Players in both sports use only open hands and closed fists. 56．According to the wise old man in Japan, ______.A. Karate is better than JudoB. Judo is better than KarateC. Japanese never laugh at their opponents (对手)D. both Judo and Karate are very good forms of self-defenceENowadays, millions of lonely singles are now going online instead．The World Wide Web is q uickly becoming the world’s most popular matchmaker (媒人)．Singles are flocking (涌向)to the Internet mainly because their busy lifestyles leave them little time to look for a significant other．Using dating sites (约会网址)is quick and convenient．Many singles say the regular dating scene has just led them from one bad experience to another and are ready to try something else．Dating sites also make it easy to avoid someone you are not interested in．In the real world, however, ignoring someone you don’t like can be difficult．Despite all the advantages, online dating also presents its own set of problems．People aren’t always those who they declare to be in their online description．Safety is another concern．You are just likely to find a criminal online as you are Mr. Or Miss Right．Online dating experts recommend following a few safety tips:Guard your personal information．Never give out your personal information online．This includes your last name, phone number, home address and place of work．Watch for red flags．Do any of the people you are chatting with make disrespectful comments? Do they try to control you? Do they give false information about themselves? If so, forget them!Meet in a safe place．When meeting someone in person, choose a public location with other people around．Following these tips and you might be able to find the person of your dreams．57．The underlined words in the second paragraph “a significant other” mean “________”．A. a true friendB. a matchmaker (媒人)C. a marriage partnerD. a happy family 58．According to the passage, many lonely singles don’t appreciate the regular dating scene because it is______．A. unpopularB. troublesomeC. convenientD. forgettable 59．From this passage, we can infer that ____________．A. there are mostly homely and unemployed people onlineB. the police had better find criminals onlineC. we can find love only through the dating sitesD. following safety tips ensures a safe online dating experience.60．Which of the following is NOT a suitable place for meeting someone you get to know through the Internet for the first time?A. At his / her house．B. At the museum．C. At McDonald’s (麦当劳)．D. At the bookstore．四、补全对话(5×1分＝5分)-- Hi, Jack! 61-- Certainly. Get in, please.-- Thank you very much.-- 62-- 63 My watch always goes wrong.-- It’s a quarter to six.-- Thanks. Hope I’m in time for the pop concert. By the way, 64 ?-- Yes. I think it’s wonderful.-- Well, I happen to have a spare ticket with me. Would you like to come with me? -- 65A. With pleasure.B. It’s my pleasure.C. Do you enjoy pop music?D. What time is it?E. Will you be kind enough to give me a lift to the concert hall?F. What do you think of pop music?G. Oh, it’s very kind of you.第二卷（非选择题）共50分；直接在试卷上作答五、单词拼写(10×1分＝10分)66. The bird s_____ (伸展, 展开)its wings and flew away. 66. _________67. The telephone rang, and he answered it _____ (立即). 67._________68. (一月) is the first month of the year. 68._________69. Bill went to the market and bought some ________(土豆, 马铃薯). 69._________70. The prisoners _____ (企图)to escape, but failed. 70._________71. I must apologize for not being to attend your _____ (婚礼)71._________72. The tailor was busy ______ (测量) a customer for a suit. 72._________73. Autumn is the season of _______ (收获, 收割) 73._________74. Have you got any ______ (实际的，应用的)experience of teaching? 74._________75. What _______ (态度, 看法)do you take toward life? 75._________六、短文改错(10×1.5分＝15分)该行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉；该行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），在该行右边横线上写出该加的词；该行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词；原行没有错的不要改右边横线上画一个勾（√）．I am very excited to have accepted an e-mail from76._________you. I'm glad you have made such a great progress77._________that you can write your e-mail good Chinese. I read78._________your e-mail to my parents and show them the photo that you79._________sent it to me. How time flies! Our friendship has lasted80._________for several months. We have got to know but learned a81._________lot from each other. Yes, it is clearly that your life in82._________your country is quite different from me. Thanks again83._________for writing to me. I'm looking forward to hear from84._________you soon. Best wishes to you and your family.85._________七、书面表达(满分30分)在世界环保日到来前夕，联合国教科文组织就如何处理城市垃圾向世界中学生征文。