高中英语专题九 介词和介词短语
高考全攻略高中英语语法专题介词和介词短语

高考全攻略高中英语语法专题介词和介词短语考点详情高考频度:★★★★★【命题解读】介词在英语中比较活跃,然而在高考中直接考查介词的题不是很多,但是介词却是考生最容易犯错误的语法项目之一。
【命题预测】高考对介词的考查将不再局限于单个介词,将会更加注重对介词固定搭配中的介词的考查,精细化考查介词短语的辨析。
在学习介词时,应重点掌握介词的基本用法,同时注意总结其与名词、形容词、副词、动词等搭配构成的短语的意思和用法。
【复习建议】1. 掌握介词的常见用法及易混介词的辨析;2. 掌握介词与其他词所构成的一些固定短语;3. 掌握在定语从句中介词的使用情况。
介词的分类考向①介词短语的功能介词不能独立在句中做成份,介词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当一个成分,表示人、物、事件等与其它人、物、事件等之间的关系。
介词短语的功能例句作定语They didn’t find the solution to the problem.作状语We have breakfast at seven.(表时间)They were late for the meeting because of the heavy rain.(表原因)What do you mean by doing such a thing?(表方法)Nothing in the world could live without air or water.(表条件)作表语When I paid a visit to you yesterday, you were not at home.作宾语补足语I found the old building in a bad condition.考向②常考介词的辨析介词是英语中最活跃的词类之一,使用频率相当高,其用法跟冠词一样复杂。
但根据近年来高考命题的情况来看,考生需要掌握以下内容。
1.表示相同或相似概念的介词(短语)的区别表示的概念介词(短语)区别例时间inonatat在一个时间点上;in在一段的时间之内;on在具体日子。
介词短语大全

介词短语大全介词是英语中常见的一类词性,用于连接名词、代词、动词或其他词类与其他词或短语之间的关系。
介词短语则由介词及其后面的名词、代词或动名词组成,能够描述地点、时间、方向、原因、目的等语境。
下面是一个介词短语大全,方便大家学习和使用。
1. 关于时间:- in the morning(在早晨)- in the afternoon(在下午)- in the evening(在晚上)- at night(在夜晚)- on Monday(在星期一)- at the weekend(在周末)- during the summer(在夏季)- at midnight(在午夜)- by day(在白天)- by night(在黑夜)2. 关于地点:- at home(在家)- at school(在学校)- in the park(在公园)- on the street(在街上)- at the office(在办公室)- in the kitchen(在厨房)- on the beach(在海滩)- under the tree(在树下)- at the bus stop(在公交车站)- by the river(在河边)3. 关于方向:- to the left(向左)- to the right(向右)- at the end(在末尾)- by the side(在旁边)- in front of(在前面)- behind the house(在房子后面)- across the street(穿过街道)- towards the mountain(朝着山脉)- along the river(沿着河流)- into the room(进入房间)4. 关于运动:- on foot(步行)- by bike(骑自行车)- in a car(乘坐汽车)- by train(坐火车)- on a plane(坐飞机)- on the bus(乘坐公交车)- on a boat(坐船)- on horseback(骑马)- on skis(滑雪)- in a wheelchair(坐轮椅)5. 关于原因:- because of(因为)- due to(由于)- as a result of(由于...的结果)- thanks to(多亏了)- owing to(因为)- on account of(由于)- for the sake of(为了...的利益)- with the intention of(出于意图)- with the purpose of(带着目的)- under the influence of(在...的影响下)6. 关于目的:- for the purpose of(为了目的)- in order to(为了)- with the aim of(以...为目标)- with the goal of(带着目标)- with the intention of(出于意图)- aiming at(以...为目标)- with a view to(带着...的前景)- for the sake of(为了...的利益)- to achieve(为了实现)- in the hope of(怀着希望)7. 其他常用短语:- in the middle(在中间)- from time to time(时常)- in front(在前方)- in the back(在后方)- on the left(在左边)- on the right(在右边)- at the beginning(在开始时)- at the end(在结束时)- at least(至少)- at most(最多)这些是一些常用的介词短语,通过学习和运用它们,可以帮助我们更准确地表达自己的意思,并丰富文章的表达方式。
介词和介词短语大总结(合集)

英语介词和介词用法大总结介词:后面必须跟名词【基本用法】(1)in“范围里”1in the evening2arrive in+大地方3in2021/in February4in one’s life5in the car(2)at“点”1at night2arrive at+小地点3at7:00AM4at Christmas5aim at sth.瞄准某物6shoot at sth.射击某物7knock at the door敲门(3)on“吸附”1get on the bus上车2put on the cloths穿衣服3a lecture(on English learning)4on foot步行(4)off“断开”1get off the bus下车2take off the clothes脱衣服3take off起飞4see off送别5put off推迟(5)to“终点”1go to school2look forward to XXX=期待XXX(6)from“离开”1I come(from China).2from A to B3be made from XXX=由XXX制成(看不出原材料)4die from XXX=死于外部原因(7)of“的”1表修饰1)a book(of stories)2)a box of chocolate3)be made of XXX=由XXX制成(看得出原材料)2表所属1)one of us2)a friend of mine3)die of XXX=死于内部原因(8)with“伴随着”(跟/和/有/用)1(with my mother’s help)伴随着我妈妈的帮助2I go to school(with my friends).我伴随着朋友一起上学。
3eat(with chopsticks)用筷子吃饭(简单工具的简单使用)(9)by“倚靠”(用/靠近/被)1I go to school by bike/by air/by sea.(by+交通工具或交通方式)2We are having a picnic(by the lake).我们在湖边野餐。
高中英语介词知识点

高中英语介词知识点(经典版)编制人:__________________审核人:__________________审批人:__________________编制单位:__________________编制时间:____年____月____日序言下载提示:该文档是本店铺精心编制而成的,希望大家下载后,能够帮助大家解决实际问题。
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英语高考介词高频考点

英语高考介词高频考点英语高考介词是一个重要的考点,以下是一些高频考点:1. on/off 介词短语on/off 介词短语常用来考查,例如:- I can"t turn the TV off. (我无法关闭电视。
)- The power went off. (电源关闭了。
)2. in/out 介词短语in/out 介词短语也常用来考查,例如:- He came in late. (他迟到了很久。
)- The door is out of order. (门出了故障。
)3. under/over 介词短语under/over 介词短语也常用来考查,例如:- I can"t find my book under the bed. (我无法在床上找到我的书。
)- The cat fell over the fence. (猫掉进了篱笆里。
)4. among/amongst 介词短语among/amongst 介词短语也常用来考查,例如:- He laughed among the others. (他与其他人一样嘲笑了。
) - There are many books among the bookshelves. (书架上有许多书。
)5. between/among 介词短语between/among 介词短语也常用来考查,例如:- I can"t find my keys between the sofa and the wall. (我无法在沙发和墙上找到我的钥匙。
)- The children played happily among the flowers. (孩子们在花丛中玩得很开心。
)这些介词短语在英语高考中常常会出现,考生需要熟练掌握它们的含义和用法,以便在考试中更好地应对。
高中英语必备的高频介词短语及超全英语介词用法归纳

高中英语必备的高频介词短语及超全英语介词用法归纳一、什么是介词短语?介词(Prepositons) 是一种用来表示词与词,词与句之间的关系的词。
在句中不能单独作句子成分,介词和其他代词或名词或词组搭配形成介词短语。
二、 学霸推荐的130个常用介词短语,千万要牢牢掌握哦!1. at once 立刻2. at last 最后3. at first 起先,首先4. at the age of… 在……岁时5. at the end of… 在……之末6. at the beginning of… 在……之初7. at the foot of… 在……脚下8. at the same time 同时9. at night/noon 在夜里/中午10. with one s help 在某人的帮助下11. with the help of… 在……的帮助下12. with a smile 面带笑容13. with one s own eyes 亲眼看见14. after a while 过了一会儿15. from now on 从现在起16. from then on 从那时起17. for example 例如18. far away from 远离19. from morning till night 从早到晚20. by bike/air/train/bus 骑自行车/乘飞机/火车/汽车21. by ordinary mail 寄平信22. by the way 顺便说23. by the window 在窗边24. by the end of… 到……底为止25. little by little 逐渐地26. in all 总共27. in fact 事实上28. in one s twenties 在某人二十几岁时29. in a hurry 匆忙30. in the middle of 在……中间31. in no time (in a minute) 立刻,很快32. in time 及时33. on time 准时34. in public 公开地35. in order to 为了……36. in front of 在……前面37. in the sun 在阳光下38. in the end 最后39. in surprise 惊奇地40. in turn 依次41. of course 当然42. a bit (of) 有一点儿43. a lot of 许多44. a little 一点儿45. on one s way to 某人在去……的路上46. on foot 步行47. a talk on space 一个关于太空的报告48. at/on the weekend 在周末49. on the left (right) 在左(右)边50. on the other side of 在……另一边51. on the radio 通过收音机(无线电广播)52. to one s joy 使……高兴的是53. in bed 卧床54. in life 一生中55. by bus 乘公共汽车56. at home 在家57. in English 用英语58. in the middle 在中间59. in a hurry 匆忙,急忙60. in a minute 一会儿61. by the way 顺便说说/问问62. at the meeting 在会上63. in the sun 在阳光下64. at all 压根儿65. at dinner 在吃正餐66. at the table 在桌子旁67. at work 在工作68. at school 在学校69. at the back of 在……后面70. at the end of 在……结尾71. by hand 亲手72. day by day 日复一日73. one by one 一个接一个74. by spaceship 乘坐宇宙飞船75. in a low voice 大声地76. in a word 总而言之,一句话77. in trouble 处于困境78. in fact 事实上79. in the street 在街上80. in order 按顺序,整齐,正常81. in order to 为了,以便82. in the day 在白天83. in line 成一直线84. in a short while 不久85. in all 总共,总计86. in town 在城里87. in silence 不作声88. out of breath 上气不接下气89. out of sight 消失,看不见90. on duty 值日91. on the left/right 在左/右边92. on the one hand;on the other hand 一方面……;(但是)另一方面......93. on top of 在……顶部94. in the distance 在远处95. out of work 失业96. to this day 直到今天97. at table 在进餐98. at desk 在读书或做作业99. at school 在校上学(指学生)100. at the school 在学校101. at sea 在航海中102. at the sea 在海边103. by day 白天104. by the day 按日105. in class 在上课106. in the class 在这个班107. in bed 卧床,在睡觉108. in the bed 在床上109. in prison 坐牢110. in the prison 在监狱111. in red 穿着红色的衣服112. in the red 负债,亏损113. in hospital 住院(指病人)114. in the hospital(因事)在医院115. in office 在办公,执政116. in the office 在办公室117. in secret 秘密,私下118. in the secret 参入秘密,参入阴谋119. in place of 代替120. in the place of 在……地方121. in case of 万一,以防122. of age 成年人123. of an age 同龄人124. out of office 离职125. out of the office 离开办公室126. out of prison(因犯罪)出狱127. out of the prison(因事)从监狱出来128. out of q uestion 毫无疑问129. out of the q uestion 不可能130. at(the)most 至多常用介词基本用法辨析1. in 表示在某地范围之内。
高考英语最后冲刺 知识点精讲 中学中常用的9个介词的用法(1)

中学英语中常用的9个介词的用法(2)六、IN1.动词+ina)动词+ in.in在短语中的含义异常丰富:believe in信任, break in碎成,bring in引起;产生;带来, call in下令收回,fill in填充,get in收获, hand in上缴, involve in涉及, lie in在于, result in 导致, share in共享,succeed in成功, take in卷起;订阅, turn in归还当局。
例如:He was so short of money that he had to call in the loans that he had made. 他很缺乏资金,不得不收回所有的款子。
Your failure lies in your laziness. 你失败的原因在于懒惰。
Orders are given to take in sail.已发布收帆的命令。
b)动词+sb./time/money+ in.介词in后接(doing)sth.:help sb. in帮助某人做某事, spare time/money in匀出时间或钱做某事,spend time/money in花时间或钱做某事,waste time/money in浪费时间或钱做某事。
例如:She offered to help him in the housekeeping when I am not here.她提出,我不在家时她可以帮助他料理家务。
2. be +形容词+ in.in表示“在某些方面或穿着”:be active in活跃于,be absorbed in专心致志, be busy in忙碌, be born in出生于,be concerned in牵涉, be clothed in穿着, be disappointed in对…失望,be diligent in勤于, be experienced in在…有经验, be employed in任职于,be engaged in忙碌, be expert in某方面的专家, be excellent in在…优秀,be interested in对…有兴趣, be lacking in缺乏, be rich in富有,be slow in迟缓, be successful in 在某方面成功, be skilled in精于,be strict in严于, be weak in弱于。
高三英语语法总复习介词

in + 一段时间, “在……之内”,常用一般将来 时。 after “在……之后”,其后既可接时间点,又 可接时间段。 一段时间 + later
Байду номын сангаас
2、表示地点、方位的介词 (1)at,in
he works ___a_t a shop. she lived __i_n_ the UK. at 在较小的场所,in在较大的场所 (2)on,at,in,off还可以表示两地的相对位 置。 若A地属于B地,用in;A地位于B地的外 面且有边缘衔接,用on;无边缘的衔接, 用to;A在B附近,用off。
4、表示“除……之外”的常用词。
①besides 除……以外(还有)。作副词时意思是
“而且,更何况”。
②except除去,除……之外(不再有)。 ③except for除了……(对句子主题进行细节校正
或附加说明),后接名词、代词或what从句。 ④except that +句子...除了……一点以外。 ⑤but与except but和except在表示“除了……以外”时可以通用。 ⑥apart from, in addition to 除……以外(还有)
3、表示方式、手段、 工具 的介词 :by, through, with, in
He moved the huge stone __b_y_ hand. Please retell the fairy story _in___ English.
We can see _w__it_h_our eyes. I want to go to Beijing __b_y__ plane.
because of, by means of, in spite of, instead of
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专题九介词和介词短语1.(2021·浙江高考,37)In 1844 they bought it $1,200 and some land fromCharles Dresser, who performed their marriage ceremony in 1842.答案:for 句意:1844年,他们以1,200美元的价格从查尔斯·德莱瑟手中买下了这座房子和一些土地,查尔斯·德莱瑟在1842年举行了他们的婚礼。
固定短语buy sth for+价格,意为“以……价格买某物”。
故填for。
2.(2020·全国卷Ⅰ,65)The far side of the moon is of particular interest to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so thefamiliar near side.答案:than 句意:月球的背面让科学家尤其感兴趣,因为它比熟悉的一面有更多的深环形山。
根据设空前的比较级more so可知,此处填介词than,表示“比……更”。
故填than。
3.(2020·全国卷Ⅲ,70)The artist was finally humbled (谦卑) by the greatestartist earth, Mother Nature.答案:on 句意:这位艺术家最终被世界上最伟大的艺术家——大自然母亲所折服。
结合句意表示“在世界上”短语为on earth。
故填on。
4.(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷,45)Museums must compete people's spare time andmoney with other amusements.答案:for 句意:博物馆必须和其他娱乐活动竞争人们的业余时间和金钱。
此处是固定短语:compete for “为了……竞争”。
故填for。
5.(2019·全国卷Ⅲ,63)We were first greeted with the barking by a pack dogs, seven to be exact.答案:of a pack of是固定搭配,意为“一群……”。
故填of。
6.(2019·浙江高考,61)The answer this question is not clear.答案:to the answer to ... “……的答案”。
故填to。
7.(2021·全国乙卷,短文改错)In my opinion, students can benefit a lot doing some housework.答案:doing前加from benefit from doing ... 为固定用法,意为“得益于……”。
故在doing前加from。
8.(2021·全国甲卷,短文改错)Some will turn out to their parents or teachers forhelp.答案:去掉out 句意:有些人会向父母或老师求助。
turn to sb for help是固定搭配,意为“求助于某人”。
故去掉out。
9.(2020·全国卷Ⅰ,短文改错)After that I poured oil into a pan and turned off the stove.答案:off→on句意:之后我把油倒进一个平底锅,然后开火。
根据I poured oil into a pan及常识可知,把油倒进锅里后应是打开炉子,所以此处应使用短语turn on。
10.(2020·全国卷Ⅱ,短文改错)Then I can spare some time to learn it again, so that we can practice together on every day.答案:去掉on 介词on后接的是具体时间。
every day表示“每一天”,前面不用任何介词修饰。
故去掉on。
一常用介词的意义续表二常见的复合介词复合介词基本词义例句according to 依据,根据……They divided themselves into three groups according to age.owing to 因为……Owing to their carelessness, a fire broke out.because of 因为……Don't be angry because of what he said. He meant no harm.thanks to 多亏了……Thanks to my teacher's help, I got the first prize in the English Speech Contest.续表三介词to的搭配1.与名词常见搭配the solution to the problem 问题的解决方法the key to the door 门的钥匙the answer to the question 问题的答案to the point 切中要害,中肯to one's taste 合某人胃口to one's surprise/joy/delight 令某人吃惊/高兴的是approach to sth 通往……的路,学习……的方法attitude to/towards 对待……的态度dance to music 伴着音乐跳舞the entrance to ……的入口have/gain access to 有……的机会2.与动词常见搭配devote ... to ... 把……用于adjust ... to ... 调节……以适应adapt ... to ... 适应……attach ... to ... 把……附在……上object to 反对look forward to 盼望pay attention to 注意get down to sth 开始做某事;开始认真对待某事see to 照料,处理owe sth to sb 欠某人某物;把……归功于/归因于make contributions to 为……作出贡献be get used to 习惯于prefer ... to ... 宁愿……而不……belong to 属于lead to 通向,导致put an end to 结束be up to 从事,胜任point to 指着stick to 坚持hold on to 抓住不放look up to 尊敬,尊重compared to 与……相比be admitted to 被录取live up to 符合,达到,不辜负apply to 利用,运用attend to 处理,照顾;关照appeal to 有吸引力;呼吁;上诉respond to 应答3.与形容词常见搭配be related to 与……有关be sensitive to 对……敏感be similar to 与……相似be linked to 与……有关be relevant to 与……相关be important to 对……很重要be beneficial to 对……有益be equal to 等于……be familiar to 对某人来说是熟悉的be blind to 对……视而不见be addicted to 沉溺于四常用介词与形容词的搭配be conscious of 意识到be fond of 喜爱be aware of 意识到;明白be strict with sb in sth 对某人某方面严格be worthy of 值得;配得上be different from 与……不同be absent from 缺席be popular with 受到……的欢迎be present at 出席be tired of 厌倦……be busy with 忙于……be lost in 迷失在……be anxious about 为……担心be buried in 全神贯注于be ashamed of 因……而惭愧be absorbed in 全神贯注于be suspicious of 怀疑……be familiar with 熟悉……五介词in构成的常见短语in common with 与……一样in the face of 面对……in time for 正好……in danger of 处于……危险中in defence of 为了保护……in need/want of 需要……in consequence of 由于……in favour of 赞成……in exchange for 交换……in memory of 为了纪念……in honour of 为向……表示敬意in praise of 为了赞美…… in charge of 负责……in the charge of 由……负责in possession of 拥有……in the possession of 由……拥有in search of 为了寻找……in touch with 和……保持联系in preparation for 为……做准备in place of 代替,而不是in the hope of 希望……in the course of 在……的过程中in the habit of 有……的习惯in front of 在……的前面in the front of 在……的前部in the form of 以……的形式in the name of 以……的名义in relation to 与……相关in regard to 关于/至于……in return for 作为……的回报in terms of 就……而言in harmony with 与……协调六其他介词短语Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Since most of Antarctic rocks are dark in color, they stand out the white background and are easy to identify and collect.答案:against 句意:由于大多数南极岩石颜色较深,它们在白色背景的衬托下显得格外突出,易于识别和收集。
stand out against表示“在……反衬下显得醒目”,故填against。
2.The idea of creating a national park was first discussed in the 1940s, but people couldn't agree what size to make the park.答案:on agree on是固定搭配,表示“对……达成一致”。