高考英语专题语法训练——介词
2020年高考英语语法专项突破训练专题06-介词(含答案)
专题六介词重难点分析介词又叫前置词，是一种虚词。
不能单独作句子成分，必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语，在句中充当一个成分，表示人、物、事件等与其他人、物、事件等之间的关系。
介词短语在句中可作定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。
一、介词从结构上分类一览表介词的分类简单介词只有单独一个词的介词：after, at, on, in, during, since, till/until等(时间介词)；across, over, through, past, near, to, above等(方位介词)；by, for, down, from, of, off, behind, below, beneath, beside, between, beyond, up, with, about, against, along, among, around等复合介词由两个单一词合成的介词：into, inside, onto, outside, throughout, towards, upon, within, without等短语介词形容词、分词或副词+介词：according to, away from, down to, inside of, near to, opposite to, owing to 等连词+介词：as for, as to, because of等介词+介词（又称双重介词）：from among, from behind, from under, till after等介词+名词+介词：by means of, in front of, in spite of, on account of, with regard to等名词+介词：thanks to由其他词类转用分词concerning 关于，considering 鉴于，including 包括，regarding 关于形容词或副词like 像，near 接近，opposite 在……对面，unlike 不像，round 围绕……，next 和……接邻连词than 比，but 除了……之外名词despite 不管、不顾二、主要介词的区别1. 表示时间的at, in, onat表示片刻的时间。
超实用高考英语复习语法专题：介词
2. The old man died___o_f______ hunger on a cold night.
那位老人饿死在一个寒冷的晚上。
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3. The little girl's hands turned red___w__it_h____ cold. 小女孩的手冻红了。 4. A number of smokers died __o_f/_f_ro_m____ lung cancer. 许多吸烟者死于肺癌。
9. The theft happened_____a_t____ noon, when all the workers were sleeping.
4
10. Did you witness the traffic accident ___o_n______ a rainy morning?
11. Traffic jams are quite usual ___o_n______ Friday afternoon.
4
19. 直到什么时间用until 20．从过去时间点到现在用介词since
5 表示地点，方向/方位的介词有哪些？
根据汉语提示，填写正确的介词
1. _a_t________ 2. _i_n________ 3. _o_n________ 4. _o_n________ 5. _a_b_o_v_e_____ 6. _o_v_e_r______ 7. _u_n_d_e_r_____
3
介词短语/词组在句中作定语，表语，状语，(主/ 宾)补语，或独立成分。
4 常见表示时间的介词有哪些？
在句中空格上填上适当的介词，并总结其用法规 律
1. What will happen ____i_n_____ the 22nd century?
高考英语易错题专题练习-介词和介词短语
高考英语易错题专题练习-介词和介词短语一、用单词的适当形式完成句子(共 6 分)1.The far side of the moon is of particular interest to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so______the familiar near side. (用适当的词填空)【答案】than【详解】考查介词。
句意：科学家们对月球的远端特别感兴趣，因为因为它比熟悉的一面有更多的深环形山。
根据空前的比较级more so可知，此处填介词than，表示“比……更”。
故填than。
2.Orange trees are more ________ decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. （根据汉语提示完成句子）【答案】than【详解】考查固定搭配。
句意：橘子树不仅仅是装饰品，它们还是好运和财富的象征。
分析句子可知用“more than+名词”，意为“不只是，不仅仅是”。
故填than。
二、英译汉（整句）(共 3 分)3.How he manages to live is more than I can tell.(英译汉)【答案】他是如何生活的，我猜不透。
【详解】考查名词性从句。
此处How he manages to live为主语从句，表示“他是如何生活的”；短语more than I can tell理解为“猜不透”。
故翻译为：他是如何生活的，我猜不透。
三、单项选择(共 3 分)4.（2016·浙江卷）I have always enjoyed all the events you organized and I hope to attend ___________ in the coming years.A.little moreB.no moreC.much moreD.many more【答案】D【详解】考查短语辨析。
高考英语语法复习专题_—_介词
for, at, on/upon, with, by, through, from, in, of on 3) He came to see me ____business. on 4) He came ____your invitation.
on/upon: (表示为某事物的 基础、根据或理由)由于，因 为 所表示的原因与条件直接 相关。
by 迟于；到…为止。 后跟表示过去的时间用 过去完成时，跟将来的 时间用将来完成时。
in, on, from, at, until, for, since, after, before
by, during, over, through, within, upon, till
through 7)They played the cards ________the night.
还有due to, owing to, thanks to, because of 四个成语介词表示“因为”、“由于”
2. 表示时间的介词 in, on, from, at, until, for, since, after, before by, during, over, through, within, upon 1) He came in 1958 and has stayed here since then. ______
from 表示自然的或直接的原因
for, at, on/upon, with, by, through, from, in, of
9)Don’t get tired of __life; you are still young. 不要对生活厌倦；你还年轻。 of playing basketball. 10)He is very fond __ 他非常喜欢打篮球。 of 11)The beggar died __hunger and cold. 那乞丐因饥饿和寒冷而死。 of 常用来表示情绪上的原因，因 此常常与glad, fond, proud, shamed, tired 同时等形容词连用
高考英语 语法-介词与介词短语 专题练习含答案
介词与介词短语专题练习1、This novel was concerned______the Second World War，while most teenagers are more concerned______the hero’s love story.A.with；aboutB.with；atC.for；aboutD.about；with2、With the development of economy,our income has increassed 10% in less thana year.A.forB.byC.onD.at3、If you can do what you’re weakest ______, you can handle any challenge.A.forB.atC.withD.to4、When you drive through the Redwood Forests in California, you will be _________ trees that are over 1,000 years old.A.amongB.againstC.behindD.below5、Many people who live along the coast make a living _______ fishing industry.A.atB.inC.onD.by6、________ the end of last term, every student in the school, I think, has taken at least five maths tests.A.ByB.SinceC.FromD.In7、________ the next few days they got to know the town well.（）A.AfterB.ForC.OverD.By8、Scientists are convinced ________ the positive effect of laughter _______ physical and mental health.（）A.of； atB.by； inC.of； onD.on； at9、_______ production up by 80%，the company has had another excellent year.（）A.AsB.ForC.ThroughD.With10、My mum's letters really encouraged me _____ my illness.（）A.overB.forC.throughoutD.within11、Purchases online are to be believed provided that you and the seller have communicated and reached a compromise the wishes of both parties.A.in defense ofB.in view ofC.in line withD.in company with12、Though people speak English in Australia, Australian English differs ________ pronunciation ________ British and American English.A.in; fromB.from; onC.in; onD.from; with13、My daughter is not present at the award ceremony, so I will receive the prize ___ her.A.on behalf ofB.in honor ofC.on account ofD.in favor of14、________ the end of the competition, Anne gave in ________ Julie.A.In, forB.At, toC.By, /D.On, with15、Our players came back and we all congratulated them _______ their success.A.withB.toC.onD.in16、Although this medicine can cure you _______ your illness, it has a bad effect ____you.A.of; onB.for; onC.for; inD.of; at17、The company has changed some of its working practices _____ complaints and criticism from the customers.A.in respect toB.in return forC.in exchange forD.in response to18、______ electronic mail, today you can send a letter halfway around the world in seconds simply by pressing a button.A.Thanks toB.Apart fromC.Regardless ofD.According to19、________ the severe traffic pressure, many city authorities have started to restrict the use of private vehicles.A.By means ofB.In terms ofC.With regard toD.In response to20、______ the consistent efforts made by the people of Hangzhou, preparatory work for the G20 Summit has been a success.A.Thanks toB.In terms ofC.With regard toD.In addition to21、Many plants could move northward and toward the Pacific coast _______rising temperatures and changes in rainfall.A.for fear ofB.in defense ofC.by means ofD.in reaction to22、It is ______ his tremendous enthusiasm and devotion that the old teacher is respected by all his students.A.on account ofB.with regard toC.in terms ofD.in reference to23、_________ all the barriers put in his way, David is very fortunate and always seems to land on his feet.A.In terms ofB.In favor ofC.In spite ofD.In honor of24、So far, thirty-one major infrastructure projects have been completed and another 54 are still ________ construction to welcome the G20 summit 2016 in Hangzhou in early September.A.inB.onC.aboveD.under25、--Does the young man standing there ________ the company.-- No, the company is _____his father.A.in possession of; in the possession ofB.have possession of; in the possession ofC.take possession of; in possession ofD.have possession of; in possession of26、--Does the young man standing there ________ the company.-- No, the company is _____his father.A.in possession of; in the possession ofB.have possession of; in the possession ofC.take possession of; in possession ofD.have possession of; in possession of27、A single bottle of Coke every day won’t do you much harm.________, you can burn off the calories from that bottle of Coke with exercise.A.As a matter of factB.On the other handC.At the same timeD.In a word28、It is ________ me how you and Oscar can share an apartment for so long.You’re tidy while he’s so messy.A.againstB.withC.beyondD.for29、The Internet makes it possible for us to stay ________ family and friends around the world.A.in memory ofB.in possession ofC.in touch withD.in response to30、If parents have children help with housework, the children will feel needed. , they will learn to take care of themselves.A.On the contraryB.What’s moreC.That is to sayD.In a word31、Nothing is so easy as _____ parents to raise their expectations of their children too high.A.ofB.toC.byD.for32、It may be necessary to stop _____ in the learning process and go back to the difficult points in the lessons.A.at intervalsB.at randomC.at easeD.at length33、Check carrots, potatoes, onions and any other vegetables ______ and immediately use or throw away any which show signs of rotting.A.in demandB.in storeC.on loanD.on sale34、The post office is closed ______ Saturday afternoon.A.onB.inC.ofD.at35、China is experiencing a slow GDP growth. , the government has in recent years takena series of measures to deal with it.A.In responseB.In turnC.In returnD.In advance36、Remaining seated for too long is bad for your health, how much exercise you do.A.in terms ofB.regardless ofC.in favour ofD.by means of37、Peaceful development is great importance to the healthy development of the future Cross-Strait relations.A.aboutB.beyondC.aboveD.of38、________marketing, for a brand, nothing could be more effective than being associated with a festival and contributing to festival-goers’ experiences.A.In time ofB.In place ofC.In terms ofD.In spite of39、In recent years, in many Western countries, in the USA and the UK, Halloween has become a special occasion.A.in generalB.in briefC.in shortD.in particular40、He was charged the police breaking the law.A.of,ofB.of,withC.by,ofD.by,with参考答案1、答案为：A；2、答案为：B；3、答案为：B；4、答案为：A；5、答案为：B；6、答案为：B；7、答案为：C；8、答案为：C；9、答案为：D；10、答案为：C；11、答案为：C；12、答案为：A；13、答案为：A；14、答案为：B；15、答案为：C；16、答案为：A；17、答案为：D；18、答案为：A；19、答案为：D；20、答案为：A；21、答案为：D；22、答案为：A；23、答案为：C；24、答案为：D；25、答案为：B；26、答案为：B；27、答案为：A；28、答案为：C；29、答案为：C；30、答案为：B；31、答案为：D；32、答案为：A；33、答案为：B；34、答案为：A；35、答案为：A；36、答案为：B；37、答案为：D；38、答案为：C；39、答案为：D；40、答案为：D；。
高考英语介词经典习题(含)
高考英语介词经典习题( 含答案 )一、单项选择介词1．________ your generous help, I do believe I have a better understanding of your country and culture.A． But for C． Thanks to B．Out of D． As to【答案】C【分析】【详解】考察介词短语辨析。
句意：因为你大方的帮助，我相信我对你的国家和文化有了更好的理解。
A. But for 要不是； B. Out of 因为，无感情色彩； C. Thanks to 幸好；因为； D. As to 至于；对于。
因为 I do believe I have a better understanding of your country and culture 表示 " 我相信我对你的国家和文化有了更好的理解" ，所从前半句应当表示原由和感谢，所以用Thanks to 表示 " 幸好，因为 " ，应选 C。
2．（浙江卷） The study suggests that the cultures we grow up _______ influence the basic processes by which we see world around us.A． on C． at B．in D． about【答案】【分析】【剖析】【详解】B考察介词词义辨析。
句意：研究表示我们成长的文化影响我们看四周世界的基本过程。
cultures 后边是定语从句，省略that ，定语从句中cultures 作宾语，那么还缺乏一个介词，The 和 cultures【点睛】搭配用介词in， in the cultures在环境中。
应选B。
这道题与其说是考察介词，还不如说是考察定语从句，因为介词搭配，而是经过剖析发现这是定语从句，和前面的先行词culture in 不是和后边的influence 搭配需要什么介词。
高考英语语法介词用法点睛
高考英语语法介词用法点睛一、时间介词：at，in，on1．at的用法(1)时间的一点，时刻等，如：at 12∶00，at noon。
(2)较短暂的一段时间，可指某个节日或被认为是一年中标志大事的日子，如：at Christmas。
2．in的用法(1)表示在某个较长的时间内。
注意：当时间名词前被this，that，last，next，some，every等词限定时，通常不用任何介词。
(2)表示在将来的一段时间之后。
3．on的用法(1)用于表示具体的日子或一个特定的时间。
(2)用于表示特定的早晨、下午或晚上。
二、工具、手段、方式介词1．by，in，on三词都表示旅行的方式(1)不涉及交通工具的名词时用by，名词前不带冠词，如：by sea，by water，by land，by rail，by air。
(2)涉及交通工具的名词时用by，但名词须用单数，其前面不加冠词或任何修饰语，如：by bike，by taxi。
(3)当旅行方式涉及确定特指的交通工具时，用on或in，名词前应有冠词、物主代词、指示代词等修饰语。
2．with，by，in三词均可译为“用”，表示行为的工具、手段或方式(1)with用于有形的工具或身体某些器官之前，其后的名词多被冠词、物主代词等修饰。
(2)by，in，on，over，through等多用于无形的工具或方式、手段之前，如：by hand，in ink，on the telephone，over the radio，through the telescope。
注意：使用语言、原料、材料时用in表示。
三、介词的常见搭配1．at，from，in的有关表达(1)at：at dawn在黎明；at daybreak拂晓(2)from：from memory凭记忆(3)in：in a hurry匆忙2．of＋抽象名词＝形容词(1)of＋great/much＋抽象名词＝very＋形容词(2)of＋no＋抽象名词＝not＋形容词3．to与情感名词连用，表示“某种行动后产生的感觉”to＋one’s＋情感名词＝to the＋情感名词＋of sb.介词范例：1.The Scottish girl ________ blue eyes won the first prize in the Fifth Chinese Speech Contest.A．by B．of C．in D．with【答案】选D【解析】句意：那个蓝色眼睛的苏格兰女孩在第五届汉语演讲比赛中获得了第一名。
高中英语高考语法专题：介词
in
表示在某段较长的时间内(如 世纪、年代、月份等)或泛指
上午、下午、晚上等
in December“在十二月”； in the morning“在上午”
(2)表示时间的 in 和 after
in after
意义
表示“在……时间之内/ 之后”，所在的句中必
须表示将来。
表示“在……时间之 后”，通常“after＋时 间段”与过去时连用， “after＋时间点”与将
He rowed me over to the other side of the lake.
Cover her over with a blanket.(adv.)
（4）against有“违背，违逆；反对；对……不利；倚；靠；碰撞； 预防；衬托;与…相比”之意。
Vacations help us perform better at work, improve our sleep quality and cushion us against depression.假期能帮助我们在工作中表现得 更好，提高我们的睡眠质量和缓解忧愁。
My father will be back after 3 o’clock.
My father came back here after 3 days/ 3 days after/ 3 days later.
(2) 当时间名词前面被 this, that, last, next, some, every, one…等词限定时，通常不用任何介词。
(3) For + 时间段，用与表示一个动作或行为状态 持续了多久。（并不一定用完成时）
(4) 时间段+ ago/ before
through across over
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专题3介词考向1常见介词的考查Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.This trend，which was started by the medical community(医学界) as a method of fighting heart disease，has had some unintended side effects such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.(2017·全国Ⅰ)解析此处指作为抵抗心脏病的一种方法，所以用介词as。
2.After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree in engineering or architecture.(2017·全国Ⅲ)解析关于某个专业的学位要用介词in。
a degree in engineering or architecture工程学或建筑学学位。
3.Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia.In India，for example，most people traditionally eat with their hands.(2016·全国Ⅲ)解析with one’s hands 用某人的手。
介词with意为“用”。
4.The mother continued to care for the young panda for more than two years.(2016·四川)解析“for＋时间段”表示持续一段时间。
熊猫妈妈对孩子的照顾会持续两年多。
5.For those who fly to Guilin，it’s only an hour away by car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.(2015·全国Ⅰ)解析根据句意可知，此处表示“驱车只有一小时的路程”。
“by＋交通工具名词”表示乘坐交通工具。
6.One day，the cow was eating grass when it began to rain heavily.While making great efforts to run away，she fell over the hill and died.Then the Johnsons had to make a living without the cow.(2015·广东)解析根据文意可知，奶牛在慌忙躲雨的时候，不小心摔死了，因此Johnson一家就不得不在没有了奶牛的情况下生活。
故填without。
Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1.One day，little Tony went to a shopping center with his parents.It was very crowded.Tony saw atoy onin a shop window.(2015·全国Ⅱ)解析玩具是摆放在商店的橱窗里面的，故用介词in。
2.My soccer coach retired in last week.(2015·陕西)解析last week上个星期，前面无需加介词。
考向2短语搭配中的介词Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.It (the first underground passenger railway) ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and from work.(2017·全国Ⅱ) 解析travel to and from work上下班。
2.But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s...(2016·全国Ⅰ) 解析go back to为固定短语，意为“回到，追溯到”。
3.Most of us are more focused on our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.(2016·全国Ⅱ) 解析我们中的很多人早晨的注意力要比一天中晚些时候的注意力更集中。
be focused on专心于，集中于，为固定短语。
4.When a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough to cool the house during the hot day；at the same time，they warm up again for the night.(2015·全国Ⅱ)解析at the same time意为“同时”，是一个常用的介词短语。
5.He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby for other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what was left.(2015·广东)解析句意为：他去附近的镇里卖牛奶，或用牛奶换其他的食物。
这里用短语exchange...for...，故填介词for。
6.When the bus finally came，we all hurried on board.I got a place next to the window，so I had a good view of the sidewalk.(2014·新课标全国Ⅱ)解析此处考查一个固定短语next to，意为“挨着”。
7.I didn’t understand why this would happen and my credit card had already been charged for the reservation.(2014·广东)解析联系空后的the reservation可以知道，“我”的信用卡已经为这次预订付钱了。
charge sb.for sth.是固定搭配，这里是其被动形式。
Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1.It was a relief and I came to a sudden stop just in the middle onof the road.(2017·全国Ⅰ)解析in the middle of...在……的中间，是固定搭配。
2.They have also bought for some gardening tools.(2017·全国Ⅱ)解析表示“买某物”直接用buy sth.。
buy还可用于buy sb.sth.或buy sth.for sb.，表示“为某人买某物”。
3.When I look at this picture of myself ，I realize of how fast time flies.(2017·全国Ⅲ)解析 realize 认识到，意识到，是及物动词，后面直接跟宾语。
4.My uncle says that he never dreams ∧of becoming rich in a short period of time.(2016·全国Ⅰ)解析 固定短语dream of doing sth.意为“梦想做某事”。
5.While they chatted ，my father would lift my sister and me up to sit in onthe top of the fridge. (2016·浙江)解析 on the top of...为固定搭配，意为“在……的上面/顶端”。
故将in 改成on 。
6.Dad cleaned the house ，and then went on shopping.(2016·四川)解析 go shopping 去购物；go on shopping 继续购物。
7.Please help with me and give me some advice.(2015·四川)解析 动词help 为及物动词，其后接宾语时无需加介词，故删除with 。
8.Unfortunately ，on withthe development of industrialization ，the environment has been polluted. (2015·全国Ⅰ)解析 with the development of...为固定短语，意为“随着……的发展”。
9.My old classroom was interesting because three sides of the classroom were made from ofglass. (2015·浙江)解析 be made from 和be made of 都意为“由……制成”，但be made of 是指从制成品中能直接看出原材料；be made from 则不能直接看出原料。
此处表示教室的三面都是玻璃制成的，能够看出原材料，故用be made of 。
◆介词的分类◆介词的句法功能1.介词不能单独使用，但“介词＋宾语”构成的介词短语可在句中作状语、定语、表语、宾语补足语、主语补足语等。
2.介词后的宾语可以是名词、代词、动名词、疑问词＋不定式、wh-从句等。
◆介词的核心考点介词是虚词，不能单独作句子成分，必须与名词、代词(或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句等)构成介词短语，在句中充当一个成分。
介词分为：简单介词，如at，in，for等；合成介词，如within，inside，onto，throughout等；短语介词，如according to，out of，because of，by means of，in spite of，instead of等；双重介词，如from behind/above/under等；分词介词，如considering，including，judging (from/by) 等。