2016年上海建平中学高三三模英语考试(含答案)
2016年上海卷高考真题英语试卷-学生用卷
2016年上海卷高考真题英语试卷-学生用卷一、语法与词汇1、【来源】 2016年高考真题上海卷第25~32题Section ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.ABags of LoveLast year, I was assigned to work at an office near my mother's house, so I stayed with her for a month. During that time, I helped out with the housework and contributed to the groceries.After less than a week, I started noticing that the groceries were running out pretty quickly — we were always suddenly out of something.1（wonder）how my mum could consume them so quickly, I began observing her daily routine for two weeks. To my surprise, I found that she would pack a paper bag full of canned goods and head out every morning at about nine. Eventually, I decided to follow her and2happened truly amazed me. She was taking the food to the refugee camp, in3she distributed it to children.I asked around and found out that my mum was very well known in the area. The kids were very friendly with her and even looked up to her as if she were their own mother. Then it hit me —why would she not want to tell me about what she4（do）? Was she worried about how I would react or that I would stop5（buy） the groceries if I found out?When she got home, I told her about my discovery.6she could react, I gave her a big hug and told her she didn't need to keep it a secret7me. She told me that some of the children lived with an older lady in a shelter while others slept on the streets. For years, my mum has been helping out by giving them whatever food she could spare. I was so impressed by8selfless she was.2、【来源】 2016年高考真题上海卷第33~40题BStress: Good or Bad?Stress used to be an almost unknown word, but now that we are used to talking about it, I have found that people are beginning to get stressed about being stressed.In recent years, stress1（regard）as a cause of a whole range of medical problems, from high blood pressure to mental illness. But like so many other things, it is only too much stress2does you harm. It is time you considered that if there were no stress in your life, you would achieve a little. If you are stuck at home with no stress, then your level of performance will be low. Up to a certain point, the more stress you are under,the3（good） your performance will be. Beyond a certain point, though , further stress will only lead to exhaustion, illness and finally a breakdown. You can tell when you are over the top and on the downward slope, by asking yourself4number of questions. Do you, for instance, feel that too much is being expected of5, and yet find it impossible to say no? Do you find yourself getting impatient or6（annoy）with people over unimportant things?... If the answer to all those questions is yes, you hadbetter7（control）your stress, as you probably are under more stress than is good for you.To some extent you can control the amount of stress in your life. Doctors have worked out a chart showing how much stress is involved in various events. Getting married is 50, pregnancy 40, moving house 20, Christmas 12, etc. If the total stress in your life is over 150, you are twice aslikely8（get）ill.3、【来源】 2016年高考真题上海卷第41~50题Golden Rules of Good DesignWhat makes good design? Over the years, designers and artists have been tryingto1the essentials of good design. They have found that some sayings can help people understand the ideas of good design. There are four as follows.Less is more. This saying is associated with the German-born architect Mies van der Rohe. In his Modernist view, beauty lies in simplicity and elegance, and the aim of the designer is to create solutions to problems through the most efficient means. Design should avoidunnecessary2More is not a bore. The American-born architect Robert Venturi concluded that if simplicity is done badly, the result is3design. Post-Modernist designers beganto4with decoration and color again. Product design was heavily influenced by this view and can be seen in kitchen5such as ovens and kettles.Fitness for purpose. Successful product design takes into consideration a product's function, purpose, shape, form, color, and so on. The most important result for the user is that the product does whatis6. For example, think of a（n）7desk lamp. It needs to be constructed from materials that will stand the heat of the lamp and regular adjustments by the user. It also needs to be stable. Most importantly, it needs to8light where it is needed.From follows emotion. This phrase is associated with the German designer Hartmut Esslinger. He believes design must take into9the sensory side of our nature—sight, smell, touch and taste. These are as important as rational（理性的）. When choosing everyday products such as toothpaste, we appreciate a cool-looking device that allows us to easily10the toothpaste onto our brush.二、阅读理解4、【来源】 2016年高考真题上海卷第51~65题2021年上海高三高考模拟（进阶卷-优化模拟四）第41~55题15分(每题1分)In the 1960s, Douglas McGregor, one of the key thinkers in the art of management, developed the now famous Theory X and Theory Y. Theory X is the idea that peopleinstinctively1work and will do anything to avoid it. Theory Y is the view that everyone has the potential to find satisfaction in work.In any case, despite so much evidence to the2, many managers still agree to Theory X. They believe,3, that their employees need constant supervision if they are to work effectively, or that decisions must be imposedfrom4without consultation. This, of course, makes for authoritarian （专制的） managers.Different cultures have different ways of5people. Unlike authoritarian management, some cultures, particularly in Asia, are well-known for the consultative nature of decision-making—all members of the department or work group are asked to6to this process. This is management by the collective opinion. Many western companies have tried to imitate such Asian ways of doing things, which are based on general7. Some experts saythat women will become more effective managers than men because they have the power to reach common goals in a way that traditional8managers cannot.A recent trend has been to encourage employees to use their own initiative, to make decisions on their own without9managers first. This empowerment （授权） has been part of the trend towards downsizing:10the number of management layers in companies. After de-layering in this way, a company may be11with just a top level of senior managers, front-line managers and employees with direct contact with the public. Empowerment takes the idea of delegation （委托） much further thanhas12been the case. Empowerment and delegation mean new forms of management control to13that the overall business plan is being followed, and that operations become more profitable under the new organization, rather than less.Another trend is off-site or14management, where teams of people linked by e-mail and the Internet work on projects from their own houses. Project managers evaluatethe15of the team members in terms of what they produce for projects, rather than the amount of time they spend on them.A. desireB. seekC. loseD. dislikeA. contraryB. expectationC. degreeD. extremeA. vice versaB. for exampleC. howeverD. otherwiseA. outsideB. insideC. belowD. aboveA. replacingB. assessingC. managingD. encouragingA. referB. contributeC. objectD. applyA. agreementB. practiceC. electionD. impressionA. bossyB. experiencedC. westernD. maleA. askingB. trainingC. warningD. firingA. doublingB. maintainingC. reducingD. estimatingA. honoredB. leftC. crowdedD. comparedA. economicallyB. traditionallyC. inadequatelyD. occasionallyA. denyB. admitC. assumeD. ensureA. virtualB. ineffectiveC. day-to-dayD. on-the-sceneA. opinionB. riskC. performanceD. attractiveness5、【来源】 2016年高考真题上海卷（A篇）第66~69题2017~2018学年10月上海杨浦区上海市杨浦高级中学高三上学期月考第36~39题One early morning, I went into the living room to find my mother reading a thick book called Best Loved Poems to Read Again and Again. My interest was aroused only by the fact that the word "Poems" appeared in big, hot pink letters."Is it good? " I asked her."Yeah, " she answered. "There's one I really like and you'll like it, too." I leaned forward."Patty Poem, " she read the title. Who is Patty? I wondered. The poem began:She never puts her toys away,Just leaves them scattered① where they lay, …①散乱的The poem was just three short sections. The final one came quickly:When she grows and gathers poise②, ②稳重I'll miss her harum-scarum③ noise, ③莽撞的And look in vain④ for scattered toys.④徒劳地And I'll be sad.A terrible sorrow washed over me. Whoever Patty was, she was a mean girl. Then, the shock."It's you, honey, " My mother said sadly.To my mother, the poem revealed a parent's affection when her child grows up and leaves. To me, the "she" in the poem was horror. It was my mama who would be sad. It was so terrible I burst out crying."What's wrong? " my mother asked."Oh Mama, " I cried. "I don't want to grow up ever!"She smiled. "Honey, it's okay. You're not growing up anytime soon. And when you do, I'll still love you, okay? ""Okay, " I was still weeping. My panic has gone. But I could not help thinking about that silly poem. After what seemed like a safe amount of time, I read the poem again and was confused. It all fit so well together, like a puzzle. The language was simple, so simple I could plainly understand its meaning, yet it was still beautiful. I was now fascinated by the idea of poetry, words that had the power to make or break a person's world.I have since fallen in love with other poems, but "Patty Poem" remains my poem. After all, "Patty Poem" gave me my love for poetry not because it was the poem that lifted my spirits, but because it was the one that hurt me the most.(1) Why was the writer attracted by the book Best Loved Poems to Read Again and Again?A. It was a thick enough book.B. Something on its cover caught her eye.C. Her mother was reading it with interest.D. It has a meaningful title.(2) After her mother read the poem to her, the writer felt at first.A. sadB. excitedC. horrifiedD. confused(3) The writer's mother liked to read "Patty Poem" probably because.A. it reflected her own childhoodB. it was written in simple languageC. it was composed by a famous poetD. it gave her a hint of what would happen(4) It can be concluded from the passage that "Patty Poem" leads the writerto.A. discover the power of poetryB. recognize her love for puzzlesC. find her eagerness to grow upD. experience great homesickness6、【来源】 2016年高考真题上海卷第70~72题BIs there link between humans and climate change or not? This question was first studied in the early 1900s. Since then, many scientists have thought that our actions do make a difference. In 1997, the Kyoto Protocol explained our role in the Earth's changing atmosphere and set international limits for gas emissions（排放）from 2008 to 2012. Some countries have decided to continue these reductions until 2020. More recently, the Paris Agreement, stuck by nearly 200 countries, also aims to limit global warming. But just now how much warmer it will get depends on how deeply countries cut carbon emissions.3.5℃This is how much temperatures would rise by 2100 even if nations live up to the initial Paris promises to reduce carbon emissions; this rise could still put coastal cities under water and drive over half of all species to extinction.2℃To meet this minimum goal, the Agreement requires countries to tighten emissions targets every five years. Even this increase could sink some islands, worse drought（干旱）and drive a decline of up to a third in the number of species.1.5℃This is the most ambitious goal for temperature rise set by the Paris Agreement, after a push by low-lying island nations like Kiribati, which say limiting temperature rise to 1.5℃ could save them from sinking.0.8℃This is how much temperatures have risen since the industrial age began, putting us 40% of the way to the 2℃ point.0℃The baseline here is average global temperature before the start of the industrial age.(1) It can be concluded from paragraph 1 that.A. the problem of global warming will have been quite solved by 2020B. gas emissions have been effectively reduced in developed countriesC. the Paris Agreements is more influential than the Kyoto ProtocolD. humans have made continuous efforts to slow down global warming(2) If nations could only keep the initial promises of the Paris Agreement, what would happen by the year 2100?A. The human population would increase by one third.B. Little over 50% of all species would still exist.C. Nations would not need to tighten their emissions targets.D. The Agreement's minimum goal would not be reached.(3) If those island nations not far above sea level are to survive, the maximum temperature rise, since the start of the industrial age, should be.A. 0.8℃B. 1.5℃C. 2℃D. 3.5℃7、【来源】 2016年高考真题上海卷（C篇）第73~77题Enough "meaningless drivel". That's the message from a group of members of the UK government who have been examining how social media firms like LinkedIn gather and use social media data.The House of Commons Science and Technology Committee's report, released last week, has blamed firms for making people sign up to long incomprehensible legal contracts and calls for an international standard or kitemark（认证标记）to identify sites that have clear terms and conditions."The term and conditions statement that we all carelessly agree to is meaningless drivel to anyone, "says Andrew Miller, the chair of the committee. Instead, he says, firms should provide a plain-English version of their terms. The simplified version would be checked by a third party and awarded a kitemark if it is an accurate reflection of the original.It is not yet clear who would administer the scheme, but the UK government is looking at introducing it on a voluntary basis. "we need to think through how we make that work in practice, " says Miller.Would we pay any more attention to a kitemark? "I think if you went and did the survey, people would like to think they would, " says Nigel Shadbolt at the University of Southampton, UK, who studies open data. "We do know people worry a lot about the inappropriate use of their information." But what would happen in practice is another matter, he says.Other organisations such as banks ask customers to sign long contracts they may not read or understand, but Miller believes social media requires special attention because it is so new. "We still don't know how significant the long-term impact is going to be of unwise things that kids put on social media that come back and bite them in 20 years' time, " he says.Shadbolt, who gave evidence to the committee, says the problem is that we don't know how companies will use our data because their business models and uses of data are still evolving. Large collections of personal information have become valuable only recently, he says.The shock and anger when a social media firm does something with data that people don't expect, even if users have apparently permission, show that the current situation isn't working. If properly administered, a kitemark on terms and conditions could help people know what exactly they are signing up to. Although they would still have to actually read them.(1) What does the phrase "meaningless drivel" in paragraphs 1 and 3 refer to?A. Legal contracts that social media firms make people sign up to.B. Warnings from the UK government against unsafe websites.C. Guidelines on how to use social media websites properly.D. Insignificant data collected by social media firms.(2) It can be inferred from the passage that Nigel Shadbolt doubts whether.A. social media firms would conduct a survey on the kitemark schemeB. people would pay as much attention to a kitemark as they thinkC. a kitemark scheme would be workable on a nationwide scaleD. the kitemark would help companies develop their business models(3) Andrew Miller thinks social media needs more attention than banks mainlybecause.A. their users consist largely of kids under 20 years oldB. the language in their contracts is usually harder to understandC. the information they collected could become more valuable in futureD. it remains unknown how users' data will be taken advantage of(4) The writer advises users of social media to.A. think carefully before posting anything onto such websitesB. read the terms and conditions even if there is a kitemarkC. take no further action if they can find a kitemarkD. avoid providing too much personal information(5) Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A. Say no to social media?B. New security rules in operation?C. Accept without reading?D. Administration matters!8、【来源】 2016年高考真题上海卷第78~81题Directions:Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Walking will be banned on escalators as part of a trail designed to reduce congestion（拥堵） at some of the country's busiest stations.In the first move of its kind, all travelers will be forced to stand on both sides of escalators on the London Underground as part of a plan to increase capacity（容量） at the height of the rush hour.A six-month trial will be introduced at Holborn station from mid-April, eliminating the rule of standing on the right and walking on the left. The move, imitating a similar structure in Far eastern cities such as Hong Kong, is designed to increase the number of people using long escalators at the busiest times. it could be expanded across the Tube network in coming years.According to London Underground, only 40 percent of travelers walk the full length of long escalators, leaving the majority at the bottom as they wait to get on to the "standing" side.A three-week trial at Holborn last year found that the number of people using escalators at any time of could be raised by almost a third. Peter McNaught, operations director at London Underground, said: "It may not seem right that you can go quicker by standing still, but our experiments at Holborn have proved that it can be true. This new six-month trial will help us find out if we can influence customers to stand on both sides in the long term."Holborn has one of the longest sets of escalators on the Underground network at 23.4 high. Tube bosses claim that capacity was limited because so few people wanted to walk up—meaning only one side was used at all times. Research has shown that it is more effective use of escalators over 18.5 to ban walking.The previous trial found that escalators at the station normally carried 2, 500 people between 8:30 a.m. and 9:30 a.m. on a typical day, rising to 3, 250 during the researching period.In the new trial, which will be launched from April 18, one of three "up" escalators will be standing only, with a second banning walking at peak times. A third will remain a mix of walking and standing.（Note: Answering the questions the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.）(1) What is the existing problem with standing on the right and walking on the left?(2) What did last year's three-week trial at Holborn station prove?(3) The research suggests that walking should be forbidden on escalators that are atleast in height.(4) In the new trail, in addition to one escalator banning walking in rush hours, the other "up" escalators will be used for.三、翻译9、【来源】 2016年高考真题上海卷第1~5题TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.(1) 我真希望自己的文章有朝一日能见报。
公共英语三级（PETS3）模拟真题试卷附答案（2）
公共英语三级（PETS3）模拟真题试卷附答案（2）2016年公共英语三级(PETS3)模拟真题试卷（附答案）[D]all of the aboveText 3Fishing adds only about one percent to the global economy, but on a regional basis it can contribute extremely to human survival. Marine fisheries contribute more t the world’s supply of protein than beef, poultry or any other animal source.Fishing typically does not need land ownership, and because it remains, generally, open to all, itis often the employer of last resort in the developing world an occupation when there are no otherchoices. Worldwide, about 200 million people rely on fishing for their livelihoods. Within Southeast Asia alone, over five million people fish full time. In northern Chile forty percent of the populationlives off the ocean. In Newfoundland most employment came from fishing or servicing that indus-try--until the collapse of the cod fisheries in the early 1990s that left tens of thousands of people outof work.Though debates over the conservation of natural resources are often cast as a conflict betweenjobs and the environment ,the restoration of fish populations would i fact boost employment. MichaelP. Sissenwine and Andrew A. Rosenberg of the U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service have esti-mated that if depleted species were allowed to rebuild to their long term potential, their sustainable use would add about $8 billion to the U.S. gross domestic product and provide about 300,000 jobs. Iffish poupulations were restored and properly managed, about twenty million metric tons could be added to: the world’s annual catch. But restoration of ecological balance, fiscalprofitability (收益) andeconomic security will require a continual reduction in the capacity of the commercial fishing industryso that wild populations can recover.The necessary reductions in fishing workforce need not come at the expense of jobs. Governments could increase employment and reduce the pressure on fish populations by guiding subsidies away from highly mechanised ships. For each $1,000,000 of investment, industrial scale fishing operations require only one to five people, while small scale fisheries would employ between 60 and 3,000. Industrial fishing itself threatens tens of millions of fishermen working on a small scale by depleting the fish on which they depend for subsistence.56. The animal source which provides the most protein for human being is________[A]beef[B]fish[C]pork[D]chicken57. Paragraph 2 indicates that________[A]most of man’s employment is from fishing[B]man can always turn to fishing for employment[C]forty percent of Chileans live on fishing boats or ships[D]fishing has been the biggest industry in Newfoundland58. In the conflict between jobs and the environment,the author takes sides with those who are in favour of________[A]increasing the annual catch[B]creating more jobs[C]getting greater fiscal profitability[D]conserving natural resources59. The balance between jobs and the environment can bekept if____[A]fishing capacity is further increased[B]fishing jobs are further increased[C]fewer well-equipped fishing ships are used[D]fewer species are allowed to rebuild60. The passage suggests that making less use of modern technology may________[A]reduce pressure on fish populations[B]threaten the world’s annual catch[C]increase government's investment[D]cost tens of thousands of fishermen’s jobsPaula:The furore is determined by the actions of the present day. The responsibility we have for the fu-ture begins when we recognize that we ourselves create the future-that the future is not somethingimposed upon us by fate or other forces beyond our control. We ourselves build the future boththrough what we do and what we do not do.Mrs. John:The future will see more unbelievable things. In the future, people will be able to predict theirperformance from the strength of the brain’s electrical activity. Doctor Kramer has found that thestrength of the brain’s electrical activity can be measured through the scalp (头皮). Bosses couldmeasure brain activity through the scalp and tell whether a worker is performing well, working hard,or too tired to do the job properly.Mary:In the new century, things around us will be more fascinating. The chemical element in the heart issaid to increase your desire for fat, when is stimulated. This means that disturbances of thischemical ge-latin can lead to overeating. Doctor Sarah Leibowits presented an academic paper suggesting that the ap-petite for fat rich food can be controlled through drugs that block the effects of gelatin.Judy:In the future our life will change dramatically. It is quite certain that computers will play animportant part in our life. You will visit your doctor, and find that he uses a computer screen andvisual information about your condition, instead of his text books. Computers in your home will enable you to answer interactive questions about your health and show the alternative results whichwill affect you if you act in a certain way.Carrie:In the future, computers will change the way the doctors diagnose and treat their patients. Alsodoctors will change their traditional notion of medicine. Although pills for tension, heart conditions, being overweight and other life threatening conditions are prescribed by western doctors, most doctors now require patients to focus on healthy way of living by changing diets and doingmore exercise as a means to keep fit.Now match each of the items (61 to 65) to the appropriate statement.Note: there are two extra statements.Statements61. Paula62. Mrs. John63. Mary64. Judy65. Carrieweight.[A]You build your own future.[B]Healthy lifestyle will be a more popular way to keep fit.[C]Computer will be an effective tool for doctors.[D]Doctors may not need pills for heart troubles or over[E]Your brain waves may be used to check out your work performance.[F]People will be able to visit doctors more frequently.[G]Our appetite will be well controlled by drugs.Part A66. Please write a notice entitled "No Smoking" to put on the carriages of a train. You should use approximately 100 words. It may include the following points:1) no smoking in the carriages. Smoking is only permitted in the Smoking Area.2) smoking is not only bad for smokers' health but also bad for people around them.3) anyone who smokes in the carriages will be fined.Part B67. Look at the pictures below and write an essay about 120 words, making reference to thefollowing points:1) a description of the pictures2) your comments on this phenomenon第二部分英语知识运用参考译文美国大部分的广播台和电视台都是商业性质的，也就是说，他们通过播放节目或广告赚钱。
(完整word)2016年上海市建平中学、交大附中高三上英语第一次月考
建平中学$交大附中2016学年十月联合月考卷II. Grammar and VocabularySection A (10%)Directions: After reading the sentences or passages below, fill in the blanks to make the sentences or passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each other.The world’s (1)__________(famous)heart surgeon,the Egyptian Professor,Sir Magdi Yacoub,has transplanted more hearts than anyone else.To the countless people whose lives he has transformed and saved,he is a hero.Professor Yacoub (2)_____________(inspire) in his work by his father,who was a general surgeon.Now 66 years old,professor Yacoub still retains his energy and extraordinary enthusiasm for his career.For 43 years,he has dealt with desperate patients(3)__________combination pf poor diet,inactive lifestyle and stress overload have caused them to ask for his help.(4)_________ ___________all these experiences,he is very aware of the role of good nutrition and regular exercise in maintaining good health.He eats very well and swims early each morning.Professor Yacoub’s life is always hectic(狂热的).(5)____________a donor heart has suddenly been found,then an operation has to take place quickly.He works long hours;he says there are no regular hours for a heart surgeon,as the surgery _________take place when it needs to be carried out.For relaxation, professor Yacoub enjoys (7)___________(garden) even grows orchids,One dream of his is to go to the Amazon one day(8)________(see) the rare plants there.He is patron of the Chain of Hope charity,which aims to take medical expense to the developing world.Specialist teams give their time free and travel all over the world to places such as Mozambique and Jamaica to train local surgeons in techniques that (9)________ (save) lives .This charity also brings needy children to the West (10)___________necessary heart surgery.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.(A)Valuable By-Products of Space ResearchResearch that went into developing the highly specialized technology for space travel has resulted in many unexpected 21 applications back on earth. Out of the engineering that produced rocket motor, space suits, and other necessities of space flight came by products that no one had anticipated. Equipment and 22 designed for use in medicine, industry, and the home, these valuable by products of space research, called spin offs, have improved the quality of life on earth in many ways.Some of the best-known examples of spin-offs from space research are found in hospitals and doctors' offices. One such example is the sight switch, which was originally developed to allow astronauts to control their spacecraft without using their hands. It is now used by 23 people to operate devices using eye movements.Doctors have also benefited from the technology required to make electronic instruments small enough and durable enough for trips into space. From this technology have come hearing aids the size of an aspirin and television cameras small enough to be 24 to a surgeon's head to give medical students a close-up view of an operation.Biotelemetry, which was developed to 25 the physical signs of astronauts by checking their temperature, brain-wave activity, breathing rate, and heartbeat, offers doctors a new means of monitoring hospital patients. Biosensors attached to the body send data by wire or radio. This information is displayed on 26 for doctors to analyze.One of the most valuable 27 of aerospace technology to industry is a management technique called the systems approach. With the aid of computers, this technique brings together all the elements of a complex project, including people, money, and materials, to assure that everything is completed at the optimum time. It has been applied to a variety of situations 28 to space exploration. Among them are cancer research, hospital design, city planning, crime detection, pollution control, building construction, and transportation.The experience gained from developing NASA spacesuits was applied to the process of designing clothing for use in other 29 . Firefighters now have lighter and special fire blocking materials that are more 30 to cracking and burning. Spacers used for cushioning in moon boots were adapted for use in athletic shoes that are designed to reduce fatigue and injury.(B)If your parents take out a loan, remind them to make the payments on time. Otherwise it will become a(n) 31 record in their personal credit reports, which are playing a(n) 32 big role in people's daily lives. A story carried by Chongqing Morning Post in June, 33 this trend.According to the report, a Chongqing student borrowed money from the bank to 34 his university studies. After he graduated in 2005, he went to work in Shenzhen. Later, he wanted to buy a house using loans. But several banks turned down his loan 35 . The reason was that he had not paid back 1,500 yuan he borrowed from a bank when he was at university.A personal credit rating is becoming a(n) 36 “pass” in everyday life, as China establishes a nationwide credit database. Personal credit systems go back 150 years. In developed countries, enterprises and banks use them to decide whether or not to loan money or do other business with a person.A credit report 37 the credit worthiness of an individual, a company, or even a country. It is a(n)38 made by credit bureaus of a borrower's overall credit history and his or her ability to repay debt. A poor credit rating means a high risk of defaulting on a loan, and thus leads to the 39 of a loan by the lender.Today in China, credit history in banks is the major 40 of a credit report. But in the future, reports will include information about the payment of telephone bills, water use fees, electricity and natural gas bills, and taxes, according to officials of the People's Bank of China, the central bank.The secrets of long lifeA long healthy life is no accident. It begins with good genes, but it also depends on good ___41___. So what’s the formula for success? In a recent study, scientists have focused on groups living in several refions where exceptional longevity is the norm: Sardinia, Italy, Loma Linda, California, and the islands of Okinawa, Japan.SardiniansWhy do they live so long? __42__ is part of the answer. By 11 a.m. Tonino has already milked four cows, chopped wood and walked four miles with his sheep. Now, taking the day’s first break, he gathers his grown children, grandson, around the kitchen table. Giovanna, his wife, unties a handkerchief containing a paper-thin flatbread called carta da musica, pours some red wine, and cut slices of homemade cheese.These Sardinians also benefit from their __43__ history. According to Paolo Francalacci of the University of Sassari, 80 percent of them are __44__the first Sardinians, who arrived in the area 11,000 years ago. Genetic traits made stronger over generations may favor longevity. __45__, too, is a factor.The Sardinians diet is loaded with fruits and vegetables, milk and milk products, fish and wine. Most of these items are homegrown.AdventistsThe study found that the Ad ventists’ habit of consuming beans, soy milk, tomatoes, and other fruits __46__their risk of developing certain cancers. It also suggested that eating whole wheat bread, drinking five glasses of water a day, and, most __47__, consuming four servings of nuts a week reduced their risk of heart disease. And it found that not eating red meat had been helpful in avoiding both cancer and heart disease.OkinawansThe first thing you notice about Ushi Okushima is her __48__. It fills the room with pure joy. This rainy afternoon she sits comfortably wrapped in a blue kimono. Her thick hair is combed back from her suntanned face, revealing alert green, eyes. Not long ago, she started wearing perfume. When asked about the perfume, she __49__that she has a new boyfriend.__50__behavior for a young woman, perhaps, but Ushi is 103.With an average life expectancy of 78 years for men and 86 years for women, Okinawans are among the world’s longest lived people. This is undoubtedly due in part to Okinawans warm and __51__ climate and scenic beauty. Senior citizens living in these islands tend to enjoy years __52__disabilities. Okinawans have very low rates of cancer and heart disease compared to American seniors.A lean diet of food grown on the island and a philosophy of __53__--- may also be a factor. “eat until your stomach is80 percent full.” may also be factors. Ironically, this healthy way of eating was born of __54__.Ushi Okushima grew up barefoot and poor, her family grew sweet potatoes, which formed the core of every meal. During World War II, when the men of the island joined the army, Ushi and her friend Setsuko fled to the center of the island with their children. “We __55__ terrible hunger,” Setsuko re calls.（B）In today's American society, background checks have become a routine part of hiring process. Employers use them to assess ___56____ workers, judging whether they are qualified for the posts. Through background checks, employers can also make sure that the information applicants provide is ____57___, which suggests the applicants' moral quality.Then what do background checks investigate? Many ____58___ a review of the employee's___59____ history trying to confirm whether the employee has ever been fired or forced to resign. Employers also pay attention to the length of unemployment, afraid that long-time absence from___60____ may bring negative influence to the employee's performance. Sometimes, an applicant's residential history is also an issue. Jobs with state or local governments often require that the employee live in certain areas, ___61____the chances for them to have contact with ill-intentioned people. Besides, living near the work place is always ___62____as it saves time and fares on transportation. Another item which can't be ____63___ is the applicant's criminal history --- whether he has ever been arrested or put into prison. Although __64__ offences like traffic ticketing or queue jumping are usually pardoned, breaking a criminal law is rarely spared and, in most cases, is sure to result in the____65___ of the employment. Then comes the social history. A background check that involves the applicant's social history is generally needed for government posts or employment in finance and law industries that require greater self-dicipline. A small mistake in these ____66___ may result in huge loss. The investigation usually checks drug use, family relationships and social contacts, in order to avoid ___67____someone unsuitable for the posts. Background investigators who look into social history may interview neighbors and professional references recognized by the applicant.Finally in the field of education background, an application form may ask for copies of licenses or university diplomas to show the applicant's __68__ performances. In many instances, an education background check is so particular about ____69___ that investigators even confirm the date on which the employee earned his degree to determine if it ___70____ the information the employee provided on his application.56. A.efficient B.special C.potential D.ordinary57. A.truthful B.adequate C.meaningful petitive58. A.explain B.imply C.describe D.include59. A.health B employment C.study D.finance60. A.work B.school C.family cation61. A.standing B.reducing C.promoting D.offering62. A.difficult B.impossibleC.welcomeD.flexible63. A.developed B.estimated C.included D.neglected64. A.reasonable B.normal C.minor D.easy65. A.ending B.spreading C.continying D.protecting66. A.degrees B.checks C.contacts D.posts67. A.omitting B.rejecting C.hiring D.rewarding68 A.professional B.academic C.social D.athletic69. A.scores B.interests C.behaviors D.details70. A.refers to B.agrees with C.keeps up D.brings aboutBiology may not be everything, but genes apparently have a far greater influence on human behavior than is commonly thought. Similarities ranging from hobbies to bodily gesture are being found in pairs separated at birth. Many of these behaviors are “things you would never think of looking at if you were going to study the genetics of behavior,” says psychologist Thomas J. Bouchard, Jr. , director of the Minnesota Center for Twin and Adoption Research at the University of Minnesota.Bouchard reports that so far, exhaustive psychological tests and questionnaires have been completed with approximately 50 pairs of identical twins reared apart, 25pairs of fraternal twins reared apart and comparison groups of twins reared together. “We were amazed at the similarity in posture and expressive style,” says Bouchard. “It’s probably the feature of the st udy that’s grabbed us the most.” Twins tend to have similar mannerisms, gestures, speed and tempo in talking, habits and jokes. Many of the twins dressed in similar fashion--one male pair who had never previously met arrived in England sporting identical beards, haircuts, glasses and shirts.The most striking example of common psychopathology(精神病理学），however, came from a pair of twinsraised apart. One had been reared by his own(poor) family the other had been adopted into a “good solid upper-middle-class family.”Both are now considered to be antisocial personalities, suffering from lack of impulse co ntrol, and both have criminal histories. Although the twins share, on average, 50 percent ot their genes, Bouchard suggests that the overlap is probably considerably more with this pair.Personality similarities between the identical twins raised apart are almost the same as they are with identical twins raised together, according to the results of a test developed by University of Minnesota psychologist Auke Tellegen. His personality questionnaire contains scales such as “social closeness,””harm avoidance”and”well-being.”The researchers were especially surprised to find that”traditionalism”--a trait implying conservatism and respect for authority--can be inherited. In fact, says Bouchard, his and other studies have found about 11 personality traits that appear to have significant genetic input.Overall, the emerging findings of the Minnesota study constitute a powerful disproof of those who maintain that environmental influences are the primary shaping forces of personality. The textbooks are going to have to be rewritten, Bouchard predicts.80.Why does Bouchard say these behaviors are “things you would never think of looking at if you were going to study the genetics of behavior?”A. These behaviors seemed too unimportant for scientists to observe.B. These behaviors seemed too intimate to allow scientists to observe them.C. Psychologists assumed these external characteristics could not be biologically based.D. Psychologists assumed the causes of these behaviors were too complicated for current methods of observations.81.The word “identical”(in para.3) most probably means________.A. fashionableB. alikeC. complexD. identified82.According to the passage, Auke Tellegen agrees that _______________.A.some textbooks on genes and behavior will be rewritten quite soon.B.people’s behaviors and personalities depend at large on their genesC.his personality questionnaire can indicate people’s 11 personality traitsD.the environmental influences have great effect on peopl e’s personalities81.What does the passage mainly talk about?A.Twins generally share the same hobbies and gestures if they are raised apart.B.Genes have a greater influence on human behavior than is commonly thought.C.People from upper-middle-class family are the same as those from poor family.D.Twins tend to dress in similar fashion even when brought up in different families.Section CDirections: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used onlySports stars have a natural advantageScientists have identified the clear biological advantages that give the world’s sporting champions a head start in life before they have even begun their rigorous training programmes.The coach for the French Olympic team says:” we measure special attributes between the ages of 16 and 18. But only one in 10,000 people has the physical aspects needed to compete at the very top level in sporting events. _82____ . We take into account the height, strength and endurance of a person. We also regard mental application as important, how an individual reacts when the competition gets really tough.”Scientists say that medical evidence is playing an increasingly important role in the selection of athletes. A study of the 40-year dominance of Kenyan runners in long distance athletic events has revealed that 45 percent of them come from the Nandi tribe. What is remarkable is that this tribe makes up only 3 percent of the Kenyan population.__83_____. Athletic organizations consider these genetic factors a good indicator when selecting sthletes to produce superior running performances.__84____. For example, David Beckham’s bandy legs have been partly credited with helping to put a spin on the football when he takes a free kick for England. Other biological characteristics are more measurable. The Americantennis player, Andy Roddick, has the fastest serve in the game. He is able to arch his back so much that it increases the rotation of his arm to 130 degrees. This is 44 percent better than the average professional player and this allows them to drive the ball over the net at 240 kilometers per hour. Michael Phelps, the 14-times Olympic swimming champion has over-sized feet which act like flippers to propel him through the water.__85_____. Mia Hamm, probably the best all-round woman footballer in the world, produces less than one liter of sweat an hour when doing vigorous exercise, which is half the human average. When it comes to speed, take the example of woman racing driver, Liz Halliday. A normal person would take 300 milliseconds to make a reactive decision. She can do it in 260 milliseconds. It may not sound much quicker but at top race speeds, this makes a difference of three car lengths.The difference between success and failure is very small and all these biological factors are crucial in finding future champions.Hitting the right buttonIt has been found that in some countries,achievement in some subjects at school is not always good for boys as it is girls.It is possible that using computers may be a way to solve this problem.Many boys seem to have a natural liking for computers,but it can often be hard to leave the screen and concentrate on the work the teacher wants them to do.As computers are becoming more and more important in the world of education today,it is natural to assume that computers can help greatly with boys who do not do too well at school and need to raise their general educational standards.Many boys appear to be more confident than girls in using it.and they need to use computers more frequently ,especially at home.Researchers at universities now think that it could be a really good way of re-engaging under-achieving boys in the learning process,and teachers have indicated that it does work.They have found that,although lots of boys do not seem to like writing in the classroom,when they use a computer they are more wiling to compose longer pieces of writing and use different styles.The issue of unintelligible handwriting is no longer a problem,either,as the neatness and presentation standards rise when boys use a computer to print out their work.Many boys welcome the “hands on” approach of computer,However,researchers and teachers need to be careful th at boys don’t just “cut and paste”things that they have found on the internet, but haven’t read,and hand it in as a completed assignment.Some boys overestimate how good they are and think they can do things without any effort.They need to develop proper research skills and make their written work more structured.Other boys take short cuts,or look at internet sites they haven’t been asked to look at.They may not plan or think carefully about their work,or they may try to finish their work quickly.This tendency is not going to be completely cured by using computers.One way to get boys to concentrate properly on the work they have been asked to do may be to encourage them to use their computers at home.However,they also need to be set tasks that are interesting and relevant to them.As in all things,the interaction between the pupil,the teacher and the computer is crucial.Translation:1.你知道如何给别人留下美好的印象吗？（leave）2.知道那时我才意识到我也许是最后知道这件事的人。
2016年高考英语全国3卷试题及答案(word)
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know,thesearethepeoplethatmakemewritethem.'"
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D.Somepeopleheldapartythere.
6.Theunderlinedword“them”inParagraph6referstoWelty’s
A.readersB.partiesC.friendsD.stories
givenout.Sometimes,sittingonabusoratrain,shthearsonlyafragment（片断）偶发啊particularly
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October21,butsinceithascaughton,eventsnowspreadoutovermostofOctoberaround
Britain.
Visitinganappleeventisagoodchancetosee,andoftentaste,awidevarietyofapplesTo
英语_2016年江西省某校高考英语三模试卷含答案
2016年江西省某校高考英语三模试卷一、第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话．每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置．听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题并阅读下一小题．每段对话仅读一遍．1. What drink did the woman order？A A Pepsi．B A Coke．C A beer．2. How does the man probably feel toward the woman？A Angry．B Disappointed．C Grateful．3. Why does the man have to pack carefully？A So the woman can clean easily．B So nothing breaks．C So they don't forget anyt hing．4. What did the speakers see last night？A A little but noisy bird．B A dark-colored bird．C A bird that flew very quietly．5. Why does the woman need directions？A She can't read her map．B She doesn't have a map anymore．C The museum is n ot in the map．二、（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白．每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置．听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间．每段对话或独白读两遍．6. 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题．6．What's special about the people riding bikes？A They are all men．B They have no clothes on．C They wear the same clothes．7．Why does the woman want to go somewhere else？A．She's too cold．B．She hates what she saw．C．She wants to get something to eat．7. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题．8．What does the woman want to do？A Rent a house．B Get a loan．C Get her credit report．9．How many years of tax returns does the woman need？A.5．B.3．C.1．10．What does the woman probably mean in the end？A．She has a lot of information in her emails．B．She can't give the man more information．C．The man is asking for too much information．8. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题．11．Where did the woman go last week？A To a concert．B To a friend's house．C To a clothing store with Laura．12．Why did the woman fall the second time？A．She tripped on some steps．B．She looked up at the sky while walking．C．Her foot got caught by her skirt．13．How is the woman now？A．Her nose doesn't hurt．B．Her nose is broken．C．She has a headache．9. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题．14．Where are the speakers probably？A In the middle of a city．B In a boat．C On a hill．15．What are the speakers looking at？A．The ocean．B．The city lights．C．The stars．16．Why was the man probably surprised？A．A lot of birds flew around him．B．He wasn't expecting to see his father．C．A wild animal was coming toward him．10. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题．17．Where does Mr．Smithson live？A In a country house．B In a luxury apartment．C On the second floor of an apart ment building．18．What was the photographer's project about？A．Neighbors at home．B．People going to art galleries．C．People watching birds．19．Why are the residents probably angry？A．The photos are too private．B．Their faces can't be seen clearly．C．They want to earn some money from the photos．20．What will probably happen to Mr．Smithson？A．He'll be thrown in jail．B．He won't get in trouble．C．He will have to pay a fine．三、阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共4小题；每小题6分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．This is NOT a watch forordinary people!Your electronic PENGOWATCH CONTROLacts as a remotecontrol for TVs andvideos．gives you a dailyweather forecast．reminds you when tohand in your homework．sets off a silentwarning alarm whenparents or teachers arenear．Besides, your PENGOWATCH CONTROL willalways tell you the timeaccurately!Originally sold for﹩199NOW ONLY﹩99For furtherinformation, click here．（1）With help from Mr．H，you can________．A stop using batteries．B finish your homework on time．C remember your teacher's instructions．D get your room tidied on your way home．（2）A PENGO WATCH CONTROL can help you to________．A repair your TV．B organize your homework．C be a James Bond．D know what the weather is like．（3）Where would you be most likely to find the two texts？________A On a notice board．B In a company brochure．C On a teenagewebsite． D In a college newspaper.12. Greg Kloehn, an artist in Oakland, California is using his skills to help the homeless．He builds very small shelters that make life on the streets a little more comfortable．The struc tures offer the homeless some safety and protection from bad weather．Each little house als o has wheels on the bottom so it can go wherever its owner goes．Greg Kloehn has given away at least 20tiny houses．Several are on the roadside near an ac tive railroad．On a recent day, Mr．Kloehn stops at one to visit Oscar Young．The two men hug．Inside his little shelter Mr．Young gets relief from cold nights on the streets．Mr．Klo ehn also visits Sweet-Pea, another friend who also lives in one of the little homes the artist built．She says it keeps her safe and protects her possessions．In the mornings, Mr．Kloehn searches the streets for building materials．He gathers what he can and takes it to his studio．There, he puts the houses together．Empty coffee bags be come roof material．A washing machine door and refrigerator part become windows．Nails, screws and the sticky glue hold all the pieces together．The artist also attaches a small elec trical device to the house．The device is powered by the sun．Some of the people living on the streets once had normal houses of their own．But some o f the people say they have learned to live with less and they are thankful to that man．Mr．Kloehn says his work is not a social project．He says he is just someone using his skil ls to help his homeless neighbors．（1）What are the advantages of the small shelters？________．A ①④．B ①②．C ③④．D ①③．（2）We can learn from the passage that________．A Greg Kloehn has sold at least 20tiny houses．B the shelters are immovable．C th e government has got involved in the action．D an act of kindness has made people sim ple and grateful．（3）What kind of person is Greg Kloehn？________A Modest and funny．B Kind and creative．C Generous and rich．D Helpful a nd proud．（4）What's the main idea of the passage？________．A An artist makes a living by designing small shelters．B A more comfortable shelter on the streets．C An artist creates homes for the homeless．D Helping others makes t he world more beautiful．13. Tiny monitoring devices have become an increasingly common way for scientists to stu dy elusive animals that are difficult to track on a day-to-day basis．However, now it seems that smart seals have caught on to the trick and are using it to their advantage to catch fish!To find out if that is true, a team of researchers from the University of St．Andrews in Scotl and selected a group of ten young grey seals that had neither encountered the ocean nor bee n exposed to any kind of acoustic（声音的） tags．The researchers then placed the seals one at a time, inside a pool that contained 20foraging boxes, only two of which housed fish---one with tags and the other without．Each seal was allowed to explore the boxes twenty separate times．In order to ensure that mammal was not depending on its memory, the fish were moved to different boxes each tim e．At first, there was no difference in the amount of time it took the seals to discover the tag ged and untagged fish．However, after they had been in the pool a few times, they started lo cating the tagged fish much faster．To confirm that this indeed was the case, the researchers conducted a second experiment u sing two boxes---one with pieces of fish and the other with just acoustic tags．Sure enough, the seals were all attracted to the one that was sending out signals．While this experiment involved only seals, the researchers believe that other marine mam mals may also be using the information to catch prey．Sadly, predators like sharks that havebeen tagged by scientists may be negatively affected, as pings they emit could warn their prey of their presence．Besides potentially messing up nature's food chain, the"dinner bell"effect of the acoustic tags could also mean that the conclusions reached by previous fish studies may not be correct．Now that the secret is out, scientists will have to come up with another way to conduct their studies---one that is not detectable by the crafty marine animals．（1）What does the underlined part"the trick"in Paragraph 1refer to？________．A Looking for ways to catch fish．B Following the sound that fish make．C Trackin g sea animals on a day-to-day basis．D Attaching tiny monitoring devices to sea animals．（2）After doing the two experiments，the researchers most probably concluded that________．A it's really easy for seals to find their prey．B seals can be easily fooled by acoustic tag s．C seals can really make use of the acoustic signals to prey．D seals are much cle verer than most of the other sea animals．（3）The researchers seem to believe that sharks tagged by scientists________A may benefit from the tags．B may find it hard to find prey．C may attract seals b y mistake．D may be annoyed by the emitted pings．（4）Which of the following shows the correct relation among the paragraphs？________A ①/②③④/⑤．B ①/②/③④⑤．C ①/②③/④⑤．D ①②③④/⑤．14. Envy seems to be bad-but it doesn't have to be．Researchers are finding that, if approached the right way, there can actually be an advantage．Psychologists classify envy in two ways: negative and positive．With positive envy, you are motivated by another person's success and struggle to follow it．With negative envy, you wa nt to cut the advantaged person down so you look better by comparison．Let's say you feel s ufferings of envy after your rival（对手） at another firm gets promoted．Negative envy might drive you to destroy his success, b ut positive envy would inspire you to work harder and get promoted, too．Studies show positive envy can be a great motivator（动力）．In a 2011study published in the Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, researchers in the Netherlands conducted a series of experiments with more than 200university studen ts．Researchers found that when they caused feelings of positive envy----as opposed to admiration or negative envy----in the students, it drove them to want to study more and perform better on a test measuring creativity and intelligence．While admiration may feel better, the researchers found, it doesn 't motivate performance like the pain and frustration of envy．"Those painful sufferings of envy are there for an evolutionary（进化的） reason, "says Texas Christian University researcher Sarah E．Hill, "warning us that som eone has something of importance to us．"Building on this theory, Dr．Hill and others conducted a series of experiments, published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, t o test whether envy improves attention and memory----the tools needed to copy a rival's steps to success．In one experiment, half of the participant s were asked to recall past feelings of envy; the other half weren't．The two groups were the n shown mock（模拟的） interviews of imaginary peers．The group filled with envy paid closer attention and be tter recalled details about the interview subjects．In other words, envy made them more ast ute（机敏的）．Not only can envy motivate us to reach for higher goals, it may even give us the cognitiv e push to get there．（1）What's the bad effect of negative envy？________．A It makes you lose heart and gets discouraged．B It has you feel motivated．C It makes you harm or hurt others on purpose．D It reminds you to struggle to follow your dreams．（2）What's the benefit of positive envy？________．A It inspires you to find a possible rival to try to defeat them．B It encourages you to w ork harder with a positive attitude．C It won't hurt your opponents in the same firm．D It won't destroy your success at another firm．（3）Compared to admiration，positive envy can________．A make you feel worse in all sides．B be more likely to get you to admire others．C make you feel the pain in your performance．D be more likely to get you inspired to ge t success．（4）What is the main idea of the passage？________A Envy seems to be bad．B Keep your envy in secret．C Make full use of positive e nvy．D Forget about your envy now．四、共1小题；每小题10分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项．选项中有两项为多余选项．15. 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳答案。
2016届高三三模考试解析
世界卫生组织则界定了“安康”这一概念的内涵。 虽然言论者时代不同，国度不同，但言论共同指 向“安康”，且主要基于个体安康。
二、立意评判 1．关于“安康”的立意可以有三个层面：即什么是安
康，为什么要安康，如何做到安康。 立意切入有四个角度：躯体安康、心理安康、社会
9、〔4分〕概括内容——均分：1.715
横渠先生治学有哪些特点？依据文意， 概括答复。 细〔则1：〕广泛由学博习学；专转注向儒学专；一以德。为先〔〔答“2〕以德勤育学人”善 无思分。〕；勤学善思；坚持不懈。〔1点1分，答4点即可〕
例1：留意道德；勤于思考；勤勉读书；博览群书。〔4〕 例2：无所不学，广泛涉猎；废寝忘食，勤奋刻苦； 尽弃释老，独尊儒术；教人以德。〔3分〕 例3：专注儒家，不学其他杂学；勤学苦读，日夜不歇； 以德育人，不慕名利；教养结合。〔2分〕 例4：面对外界环境，泰然处之；刻苦读书，与门人同甘 共苦。〔1分〕
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ 6、实词：
A、慨然以功名自许。 期望
B、登用大臣。
提升
C、左右简编。
选择〔文献典籍
〕
1D、、《夏不本卒纪其》：愿“。舜登用，摄行天完子之成政，巡狩。”
2、杜甫 《上韦左相二十韵》：“才杰俱登用。” 3、关汉卿 《玉镜台》：我想方今贤臣登用，际遇圣主。 4、《明史•儒林传序》：“文教特盛，大臣以文学登用者 ，林立朝右。”
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11、诗词默写：均分：5.788 〔1〕无以至千里 〔2〕其翼假设垂天之云 〔3〕奈何取之尽锱铢 〔4〕春江花朝秋月夜 〔5〕良多趣味 〔6〕长夜沾湿何由彻 〔7〕位卑未敢忘忧国 〔8〕领异标新二月花
2016年5月上海市浦东新区建平中学高三三模数学试卷及答案
建平中学2016年5月高三三模数学试卷及答案一、填空题（本大题满分56分，每小题4分）；本大题共有14小题，考生应在答题纸相应编号的空格内直接填写结果，每个空格填对得4分，否则一律得零分.1．已知集合{},1,21|,1,log |2⎪⎭⎪⎬⎫⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧>⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛==>==x y y B x x y y A x，则B A ⋂等于1(0,)22．若) )( 2(i b i ++是实数（i 是虚数单位，b 是实数），则=b 2- 3．等差数列{}n a 中，已知112a =-，130S =，使得0n a >的最小正整数n 为_84．△ABC 的内角A 、B 、C 的对边分别为a 、b 、c ,且a sin A +c sin Csin C =b sin B ．则B ∠=3π5（文） 一次课程改革交流会上准备交流试点校的5篇论文和非试点校的3篇论文，排列次序可以是任意的，则最先和最后交流的论文不能来自同类校的概率是15285．（理）设口袋中有黑球、白球共7个，从中任取2个球，已知取到白球个数的数学期望值为67，则口袋中白球的个数为36．设2n ≥，若n a 是(1)n x +展开式中含2x 的系数，则23111lim n n a a a →∞⎛⎫+++⎪⎝⎭=_27．（文）若实数x ，y 满足不等式组⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧≤≥+≥+-3005x y x y x 则z =2x ＋4y 的最小值是6-7．（理）在极坐标系中，若直线l 的方程是sin(θρ的坐标为(2,)π，则点P 到直线l 的距离=d 28．（文）如图，直三棱柱111B A O OAB -中，90AOB ∠=12AA =，OA =2OB =,则此三棱柱的主视图面积为8．（理）已知圆锥的侧面展开图是一个半径为3cm ，圆心角为23π的扇形，则此圆锥的高为． 9．不等式111a x x <-的解集为{}|12x x x <>或，那么a 的值等于1210. 定义某种运算⊗，a b ⊗x x f ⊗=1)(.()f x 在区间[2,2]-上的最大值为2xOy中，设直线l ：10kx y -+=与圆C ：224x y +=相交于A 、B 两点，以OA 、OB 为邻边作平行四边形OAMB ，若点M 在圆C 上，则实数k =012．（文）给定两个长度为1的平面向量OA 和OB ，它们的夹角为120o .点C 在以O 为圆心的圆弧AB 上变动。
上海市向明中学2016-2017学年高三三模考试英语试题
上海市向明中学2016-2017学年⾼三三模考试英语试题2016学年第⼆学期向明中学⾼三英语质量检测第I卷(共100分)I. Listening Comprehension (1-10题，每题1分；11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分)Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At a car shop. B. In a garage.C. At a gas station.D. In a parking lot.2. A. Guest and receptionist. B. Passenger and air hostess.C. Customer and shop assistant.D. Guest and waitress.3. A. Writing his term paper. B. Having a coffee break.C. Playing computer games.D. Attending an online school.4. A. To the bank. B. To a book store.C. To a shoe store.D. To the grocery.5. A. Walk to the station . B. Drive the woman to the station.C. Take a lift to the stationD. Take a walk with the woman.6. A. He missed it. B. He watched it.C. He disliked it.D. He would see it again.7. A. The woman is satisfied with her body shape.B. A relative will move in to live with them.C. The woman is expecting a baby.D. The woman is trying to lose weight.8. A. Go back to apply for the job again.B. Think about whether to quit the job.C. Get some training before quitting the job.D. Apply for another part-time job.9. A. The battery is not correctly positioned.B. The man doesn’t know how the calculator works.C. The calculator needs a new battery.D. The man should enter the number in a different way.10. A. The job advertisement is written in French and Spanish.B. The notice appeared in French and Spanish newspapers.C. She would like to teach the man French and Spanish.D. French and Spanish are necessary for the job.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and the passage(s). The conversation(s) and passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. The couple beat the girl and abandoned her.B. T he couple took the girl’s life.C. The couple hid the girl inside a freezer.D. The couple took the girl away from home in a suitcase.12. A. Jan.30 B. Jan.31C. Feb.25D. Feb.26.13. A. The couple will appear in court again on Feb. 25.B. The couple is accused of killing Kayleigh on Feb. 25.C. Krueger and Warner are currently at home.D. Both Krueger and Warner spoke for themselves during their first appearance in court.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following story.14. A. Exercise leads only to modest weight loss without diet changes.B. Exercise can make people lose their weight as expected.C. Hoping to lose weight sometimes would be ruined due to bad habits.D. People can lose extra weight in an appropriate way.15. A. They didn’t get any check.B. They were unwilling to join the research.C. They were heart disease patients.D. They were heavy and young.16. A. The most exercised group lost more weight than expected.B. The non-exercise group gained five pounds in weight.C. The moderate exercises group lost the most of their weight.D. The three groups almost have no distinction.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Make an appointment for an interview.B. Send in an application letter.C. Fill in an application form.D. Make a brief self-introduction on the phone.18. A. Someone having a college degree in advertising.B. Someone experienced in business management.C. Someone ready to take on more responsibilities.D. Someone willing to work beyond regular hours.19. A. Travel opportunities. B. Handsome pay.C. Prospects for promotion.D. Flexible working hours.20. A. It depends on the working hours.B. It is about 500 pounds a week.C. It will be set by the Human Resources.D. It is to be negotiated.II. Grammar and Vocabulary(每题1分，共20分）Section ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Avocado(⽜油果) imports soar as Chinese develop taste for “butter fruit”China’s soaring appetite for avocados, driven by demand from its health -conscious middle class, has made the ―butter fruit‖ — unheard of a few years ago — the country’s star performer in the (21) ______ (import) fruit market.Exports from Latin American nations such as Mexico and Chile are rising by about 250 per cent a year,(22) ______ (leap) from just 154 tonnes in 2012 to more than 25,000 tonnes in 2016.―More people are paying attention to healthy lifestyles and avocados meet that need,‖ said Zhang Hui, a sales manager at Fruitday, an online food delivery company.Even western fast-food brands such as KFC and McDona ld’s are being forced to suit the changing tastes of their consumers.Yum China, which (23) ______ (operate) 5,000 KFC stores in the country, last month launched an ―avocado series‖ of chicken burgers and wraps slathered with guacamole(鳄梨⾊拉) to help upgrade the image of (24) ______ fried chicken chain, sourcing the fruit from Mexico.―Avocado is viewed as a fruit (25) ______ nutritional value eclipses that of many other fruits,‖ said Joey Wat, Yum China’s chief operations officer. A planned three -week avocado promotion ended early due to high demand.China has almost no experience (26) ______ commercial avocado cultivation, meaning imports are likely (27) ______ (dominate) the market for years.In 2011, Mexico began exports to China, where the avocado was s till ―(28) ______ very rare fruit‖, according to Alejandro Salas, a Mexican trade commissioner in Shanghai. He predicts that Chinese demand will help Mexico diversify away from the US, its top market. ―This market will be the second (29) ______ (large)‖ he said.Mexican officials have held events to promote the fruit, teaching chefs about avocado and tofu smoothies — but last year the country was overtaken by Chile as the dominant exporter to China. Chile has the advantage of a free-trade agreement with China, (30) ______ Mexican fruit imports have a 10 per cent tariff(关税).Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Counting the Cost of China’s Left -Behind ChildrenAs a growing number of village couples head to thecities in search of work, a generation of left-behindchildren is emerging in China. The number of these left-behind children living with their grandparents or great-grandparents is _____31_____ estimated at 60 millionnationwide. These children often face ____32______ and emotional problems as well as challenges to their personal safety and ____33_____. In recent years, we have seen an increasing numberof left-behind children suffering from death by drowning,poisoning, traffic accidents or fire incidents. Pan Lu, aresearcher with the College of Humanities andDevelopment Studies at China Agricultural University,points out that as their parents rush into cities foreconomic opportunities, they must rely on their childrento take on some of the ____34______ of farming. Nevertheless, doing farm work at an early age makes children vulnerable to injury. Besides, the rights of these left-behind children are likely to be infringed upon(侵害). It is not ____35____ thatthey are beaten, threatened or even sexually assaulted.Education is yet another _____36_____. When the children are old enough, theirparents will oftenputthem in packed boardinghouses ____37______ to the public schools in order to finish theirnine-year public education. However, because of thepoor conditions of those houses, many left-behindchildren ____38______ to keep up. Some even end up ____39_____ school altogether. A survey conducted bythe Population Development Center at China’s RenminUniversity, showed that only 88 percent of 14 year oldleft-behind children are still in school. Left-behindchildren are slowly becoming ―lagging-behind‖ children.In the ____40_____ for economic opportunity and growth,these left-behind children are becoming victims. This is a social problem for which we must find a solution. An All-China Women’s Federation reportsuggests that the government should create a dynamicinformation system for the left-behind children and atthe same time with the help of schools, families andcommunities set up a protection network the childrencan turn to.III. Reading(41 -55题，每题1分；56 – 66题，每题2分；67-70题，每题2分；Section D，10分；共55分) Section ADirections:For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The Psychology of DiscountingWhen retailers want to persuade customers to buy a particular product, they typically offer it at a discount. According to a new study to be published in the Journal of Marketing, they are missing a __41__.A team of researchers, led by Akshay Rao of the University of Minnesota’s Carlson School of Management,__42__consumers’ attitudes to discounting. Shoppers, they found, much prefer getting something extra free to getting something cheaper. The main reason is that most people are poor at fractions(分数).Consumers often struggle to realize, ___43__, that a 50% increase in___44__ is the same as a 33% discount in price. They overwhelmingly __45__the former is better value. In an experiment, the researchers sold 73% more hand lotion (护⼿霜) when it was offered in a bonus pack than when it carried an ___46___discount (even after all other effects, such as a desire to stockpile were controlled for).This ___47___ blind spot remains even when the deal __ 48____ favours the discounted product. In another experiment, this time on his undergraduates, Mr Rao offered two ___49___on loose coffee beans: 33% extra free or 33% off the price. The discount is by far the better proposition, but the supposedly clever students viewed them as equivalent.Studies have shown other ways in which retailers can exploit consumers’ mathematical__50___. One is to ____51___them with double discounting. People are more likely to see a bargain in a product that has been reduced by 20%, and then by an additional 25%, than one that has been subject to an equivalent, one-off, 40% reduction.Marketing types can draw lessons beyond just___52___, says Mr Rao. When advertising a new car’s efficiency, for example,it is more ___53___ to talk about the number of extra miles per gallon it does, rather than the equivalentpercentage___54____ in fuel consumption.There may be lessons for regulators too. Even ___55___shoppers are easily foxed. Sending everyone back to school for maths refresher-courses seems out of the question. But more noticeably displayed unit prices in shops and advertisements would be a great help.41. A. trick B. point C. guide D. method42. A. communicated with B. looked at C. concerned about D. engaged in43. A. by contrast B. after all C. for example D. as usual44. A. quantity B. catalogue C. quality D. variety45. A. indicate B. assume C. deny D. confess46. A. attractive B. adequate C. essential D. equivalent47. A. mathematical B. subjective C. inevitable D. impressive48. A. invisibly B. clearly C. objectively D. blindly49. A. deals B. discounts C. situations D. decisions50. A. inaccessibility B. failure C. illiteracy D. dependence51. A. equip B. connect C. confuse D. motivate52. A. bargaining B. pricing C. advertising D. retailing53. A. deceptive B. aggressive C. logical D. convincing54. A. fall B. usage C. volume D. increase55. A. reasonable B. well-educated C. flexible D. good-temperedSection BDirection：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished sattments. For each of them there are four choices markedA, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)What are pillows really stuffed with? Not physically, but symbolically? The question occurred to me with the photos in the news and social media from the 50 cities around the world that staged public celebrations for International Pillow Fight Day. Armed with nothing more than bring-our-own sacrificial cushions, strangers struck heavily each other in playful feather from Amsterdam to Atlanta, Warsaw to Washington DC. But why? Is there anything more to this delightful celebration?As a cultural sign, the pillow is deceptively soft. Since at least the 16th Century, the humble pillow has been given unexpected meanings. The Chinese playwright Tang Xianzu who tells a famous story about a wise man who meets a depressed young scholar at an inn and offers him a magic pillow filled with the most vivid dreams of a seemingly more fulfilling life. When the young man awakens to discover that his happy 50-year dream has in fact come and gone in the short space of an afternoon’s nap, our impr ession of the pillow’s power shifts from wonder to terror.Subsequent writers have likewise seized upon the pillow. When the 19th-Century English novelist Charlotte Bront? poetically observed ―a ruffled(不平的) mind makes a restless pillow‖, she didn’t just change the expected order of the adjectives and nouns, but instead she made it unclear the boundaries between mind and matter – the thing resting and the thing rested upon.It’s a trick perhaps Bront? learned from the Renaissance philosopher Montaigne, who once insisted that ―ignorance is the softest pillow on which a man can rest his head‖. On Montaigne’s thinking, intelligence and happiness confront each other forever in a pillow fight that only one can win.With the words of Tang, Bront?, and Montaigne, we can perhaps more easily measure the attraction of the global pillow fight. Like a ritual of release, the annual international pillow fight amounts to a kind of cleansing, a brushing off of daily worries: an emptying of the world’s collective mind. Rathe r than a launch-pad for weightless rest, the pillow is a symbol of heavythought: an anchor that drags the world’s soul down – one that must be lightened.56. The example of Tang Xianzu is used to illustrate that__________.A. pillows gives people satisfactory dreamsB. dreams are always wonderful while the real world is cruelC. people’s impression of pillows changes from wonder to terrorD. pillows symbolically conveys the meaning in contrast to their soft appearance57. Which of the following is TRUE about Charlotte Bront? according to the passage?A. She wrote poems about pillows.B. She regarded pillows as reflections of our minds.C. She shared same viewpoint with Tang Xianzu on pillows.D. She was likely influenced by the thoughts of Renaissance.58. The underlined phrase in the 4th paragraph ―ignorance is the softest pillow on which a man can rest his head‖ most probably means __________?A. Pillows give us comforts.B. Ignorant people can easily fall asleep.C. Pillows make people more intelligent.D. People can win happiness in the pillow fight.59. According to the author, why is Pillow Fight Day so popular around the world?A. Because it is a ritual release.B. Because it makes life delightful.C. Because it comforts restless mindsD. Because it contains profound meaning of life.(B)Seek Out a Unique BeachVISITOregon. For sun and fun away from the crowded beaches of Florida, check out the Oregon coast and its 363 miles of gorgeous shoreline, stretching from the Columbia River south to the redwood forests of California. Every beach is public and free. ―The coast is a perfect place to watch sea lions sun themselves or simply see the mighty Pacific waves crash in the sunset followed by a seafood feast in one of the busy fishing communities located between the coves(⼩海湾),‖ says Bramblett. July and August aren’t peak gray whale migration season, but there’s still a good chance you could catch a glimpse of some of the 200 whales that spend the summers off the Oregon coast.SLEEPNext to a lighthouse. Imagine yourself an ancient mariner when you book a room overlooking the Pacific Ocean at the Heceta Head Lighthouse Bed and Breakfast in Yachats, Oregon. The working lighthouse, which dated to 1894, cast a bright beam 21 miles out to sea, making it the brightest light on the Oregon coast. The cliff-top rooms at the Light Keeper’s home nearby aren’t cheap—you’ll shell out up to $385 for a weekend night during peak season (price includes a seven-course breakfast).BEW AREDangerous currents. Unless you love cold water (or wear a wet suit), you may not want to venture into the sea off the Oregon coast, even during the summer. But if you do, be prepared for tip currents. To get out of a dangerous current, don’t panic,warns Tom Grill, a sp okesman for the U.S. Lifesaving Association. Swim parallel to the beach until you’re no longer being pulled out to sea, then swim diagonally(成对⾓线地) toward the shore.BRINGBaby powder. Use a generous amount of baby powder to remove sand from your hands, feet or hair. The powder quickly absorbs moisture, allowing sand to fall off easily.60. It can be inferred from the section SLEEP that __________.A. the price of one night stay remains the same all the year aroundB. those who stay there can have a free access to the beach and the lighthouseC. those who want to stay there have to pay more during a tourist seasonD. the price includes the breakfast for seven people.61. What is suggested by the leaflet if you want to enjoy your stay at the beach?A. Avoid wearing wet suits.B. Never dive into the cold water off the coast.C. Bring baby powder to protect your skin from sand scratches.D. Don’t swim straight toward the shore when there’re dangerous currents.62. Oregon coast will provide you with all the following experiences except __________.A. a perfect view of sea lionsB. a mariner like stay in the more than 100-year-old lighthouseC. a seafood feast in the popular local communityD. sun and fun of the less crowded beach.(C)With the coming of big data age, data science is supposed to be starved for, of which the adaption can point a profound change in corporate competitiveness. Companies, both born in the digital era and traditional world are showing off their skills in data science. Therefore, it seems to have been creating a great demand for the experts of this type.Mr Carlos Guestrin, machine learning professor from University of Washington argues that all software applications will need inbuilt intelligence within five years, making data scientists —people trained to analyze large bodies of information —key workers in this emerging ―cognitive‖ technology economy. There are already critical applications that depend on machine learning, a subfield of data science, led by recommendation programs, fraud detection systems, forecasting tools and applications for predicting customer behavior.Many companies that are born digital —particularly internet companies that have a great number of real-time customer interactions to handle — are all-in when it comes to data science. Pinterest, for instance, maintains more than 100 machine learning models that could be applied to different classes of problems, and it constantly fields requests from managers eager to use this resource to deal with their business problem. The factors weighing on many traditional companies will be the high cost of mounting a serious machine-learning operation. Netflix is estimated to spend $150m a year on a single application and the total bill is probably four times that once all its uses of the technology are taken into account.Another problem for many non-technology companies is talent. Of the computer science experts who use Kaggle, only about 1,000 have deep learning skills, compared to 100,000 who can apply other machine learning techniques, says Mr Goldbloom. He adds that even some big companies of this type are often reluctant to expand their pay scales to hire the top talent in this field.The biggest barrier to adapting to the coming era of ―smart‖ appli cations, however, is likely to be cultural. Some companies, such as General Electric, have been building their own Silicon Valley presence to attract and develop the digital skills they will need.Despite the obstacles, some may master this difficult transition. But companies that were built, from the beginning, with data science at their center, are likely to represent serious competition.63. Which one is obstacle for many traditional companies to popularize learning operation?A. Technological problem.B. Expert crisis.C. High cost.D. Customer interactions.64. What can not be inferred from the passage about the machine learning?A. Machine learning operations are costly in Netflix.B. Machine learning plays an important role in existent applications.C. Machine learning experts are not highly paid in some non-technology companies.D. Machine learning models are not sufficient to solve business problems in Pinterest.65. The underlined word in the 3rd paragraph ―fields‖ most probably means __________.A. avoidsB. createsC. solvesD. classifies66. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?A. Data science: a forefront force in tech businessB. Corporate competition: an obstacle to the transitionC. Machine learning : a key to smart technologyD. Technique experts: a decisive factor of the coming eraSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. EachTime to Tame Silicon ValleyThe company Uber brings into very sharp focus the question of whether corporations can be said to have a moral character. If any human being were to behave with the single-minded and greed of the company, we would consider them anti-social.__67__ Therefore, it has an arrangement with Unroll.me, a company which offered a free service for unsubscribing from junk mail, to buy the contacts Unroll.me customers had had with rival taxi companies. Beyond that, it keeps track of the phones that have been used to book its services even after the original owner has sold them, but attempts this with Apple’s phones is forbidden by the company.Uber has also adjusted its software so that regulatory agencies that the company regarded as hostile would, when they tried to hire a driver, be given false reports about the location of its cars. Uber management booked and then cancelled rides with a rival company which took their vehicles out of circulation. __68__ The punishment for this behavior was so small that it wasnot worth worrying about.Uber promised not to use this software against law enforcement. __69__ Travis Kalanick of Uber got a personal criticism from Tim Cook, who runs Apple, but the company did not prohibit the use of the app. Too much money was invested in that.The ―sharing economy‖ encourages the insecure and exploited to exploit others equally insecure to the profit of a tiny group of billionaires. __70__ The outgoing CEO of Yahoo, Marissa Mayer, who is widely judged to have been a failure, is likely to get a $186m payout. This may not be a cause for panic. Yet there’s an urgent political task to tame these companies, to ensure they are punished when they break the law, that they pay their taxes fairly and that they behave responsibly.Section D．Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Bicycle SharingFor years, bike-sharing plans have been common in big cities around the world, including in China. Examples include Paris’s Vélib and London’s Santander Cycles (―Boris bikes‖). But these require customers to return the bicycles to docking stations (泊车位). In China, a more user-friendly approach is spreading rapidly. It involves bikes that can be paid for using a smartphone and left anywhere. GPS tracking enables them to be located with a mobile app. A ride typically costs only one yuan ($0.15) on a bike in an eye-catching colour.The first such service was launched in June 2015 by a startup called Ofo. The company now has around 2.5m yellow-framed bikes in more than 50 cities in China. Its main rival, Mobike, which started up only a year ago, says it has ―several million‖of its orange-wheeled bikes spread across a similar area. Bluegogo has half a million bikes in six Chinese cities. It plans to add a new city every two weeks.However, the dockless system is easy to abuse. Some riders hide the bikes in or near their homes to prevent others from using them. Another trick involves scratchingoff a bike’s QR code to stop others from scanning it. A bigger problem for the new firms is persuading people to use bikes instead of cars. Thirty years ago, 63% of Beijingers cycled to work. Now, only 12% do. Many people think that cycling is only for the poor. A dating-show contestant famously said in 2010 that she would ―rather cry in a BMW than smile on a bike.‖Cycling is also dangerous. About 40% of road accidents involve bicycles, according to a report in 2013. Some city authorities accuse the bike-sharing firms of causing congestion. This month, the southern city of Shenzhen ordered limits on the number of shared bikes. Other cities, including Shanghai and Beijing, are considering similar measures.Despite some disadvantages, such user-friendly services represent the kind of green innovation that China wants and may even bring ―a revolution‖.第II卷（共40分）I. Translation（1-2句，每句3分；第3句4分；第4句5分；共15分）Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 在这家超市可以买到各种圣诞装饰品。
2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题(上海卷,含解析)
2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题（上海卷，含解析）考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟, 试卷满分150分。
2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第I卷（第1－12页）和第II卷（第13页），全卷共13页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
答题前,务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名,并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上,在答题纸反而清楚地填写姓名。
第I卷(共103分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spokenonly once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. It is satisfactory. B. It is luxurious.C. It is old-fashioned.D. It is disappointing.2. A. On August 5th. B. On August 6th. C. On August 7th. D. On August 8th.3. A. A waiter. B. A butcher. C. A porter. D. A farmer.4. A. In a theatre. B. In a library. C. In a booking office. D. In a furniture store.5. A. She expected to a better show. B. She could hardly find her seat.C. She wasn’t interested in the show.D. She didn’t get a favourable seat.6. A. The woman often eats out for breakfast. B. The cafeteria serves good breakfast.C. The woman doesn’t have breakfast.D. The cafeteria doesn’t serve breakfast.7. A. Selling cucumbers. B. Planting vegetables. C. Cooking a meal. D. Picking tomatoes.8. A. The man should work hard. B. The man should turn down the job offer.C. The man may have another chance.D. The man can apply for the job again.9. A. It is a hot and smoggy day. B. There is a traffic jam on King Street.C. A vehicle is polluting the air.D. The man is reading a report online.10. A. Its ending is not good enough. B. Its special effects are not satisfying.C. It deserves an award.D. It is good except for the scary part.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. $1. B. $2 C. $3 D. $ 52.12. A. Pay the bills first.B. Spend 2% of the salary on living expenses.C. Deposit $1000 every month.D. Put part of the money in a savings account.13. A. Methods of saving money.B. Saving money for family emergencies.C. The importance of saving money.D. Secrets of spending money wisely.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Free education.B. A sum of money.C. Donations from a local newspaper.D. Gifts from many people.15. A. Let students in before school.B. Offer ice cream and coffee.C. Introduce a bank into the campus.D. Reduce the traffic jams around.16. A. It lacks positive news.B. It should grow into a big city.C. It is a place worth living in.D. It remains peaceful and qui et.Section CDirections: In section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Class Diary (June 13-19)□13SUN□14MON 17 for after-class activity application□15TUE□16WED Handing in three student 18□17THU Basketball Club meetingTime:12:45—1:30pm Place: The 19□18FRI Filling in a form with up-to-date personal dataTime: 20 break Place: The computer room□19SATBlank 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.Who is Sue Walter? She is 21 in court and a writer.What is Sue’s suggestion for people with difficulties?22est part about her job? 23 in decision-making.In Sue’s eyes, what is the bWhat does Sue think happiness is? 24II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammaticallycorrect. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form. of the given word; for the otherblanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Bags of LoveLast year, I was assigned to work at an office near my mother’s house, so I stayed with her for a month. D that time, I helped out with the housework and contributed to the groceries.After less than a week, I started noticing that the groceries were running out pretty quickly — we were alwayssuddenly out of something. (25)_______(wonder) how my mum could consume them so quickly, I began observingher daily routine for two weeks. To my surprise, I found that she would pack a paper bag full of canned goods andhead out every morning at about nine. Eventually, I decided to follow her and (26)_______ happened truly amazedme. She was taking the food to the refugee camp, in (27)______ she distributed it to children.I asked around and found out that my mum was very well known in the area. The kids were very friendly withher and even looked up to her as if she were their own mother. Then it hit me —why would she not want to tell meabout what she (28)_____(do)? Was she worried about how I would react or that I would stop (29)_____(buy) thegroceries if I found out?When she got home, I told her about my discovery. (30)_____ she could react, I gave her a big hug and told hershe didn’t need to keep it a secret (31)______ me. She told me that some of the children lived with an older lady ina shelter while others slept on the streets. For years, my mum has been helping out by giving them whatever foodshe could spare. I was so impressed by (32)_____ selfless she was.【答案】25. Wondering 26. wha t 27. which 28. had done 29. buying 30. Before 31. from 32. how【解析】试题分析：本文属于记叙文，我在无意中发现妈妈偷偷地帮助难民，赞美了妈妈善良无私的美丽品质。
高三第二轮复习模拟测试卷英语试题(三)(含答案)
高三第二轮复习测试卷英语试题(三)本试卷8页，满分120分。
考试用时120分钟注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的校名、姓名、考号、座位号等相关信息填写在答题卡指定区域内。
2.选择题每小题选出答案后，请用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；不能答在试卷上。
.3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4. 考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂。
ASeptember is the month for fashion, with four international cities hosting Fashion Week. All eyes will turn to New York City, London, Milan and Paris this month to see which city puts on the best show.New YorkNew York Fashion Week, or NYFW, kicks off on September 5th and runs for approximately eight days. NYFW is considered the most commercial and casual of the four. It is also the only event to allow some fashion school students to participate, bringing a fresh look to the runway. LondonLondon Fashion Week （LFW）comes on the heels of NYFW, starting on September 13th and running through September 17th. Once considered a minor player among the Big Four, LFW can now command a list of big names as well as promising new designers. London fashion houses have a reputation for being very experimental and open to new ideas.MilanFashion Week moves to Milan on September 17th. This beautiful Italian city is home to some of the biggest fashion houses and designers in the fashion world, including Armani and Prada. Milan's fashion houses are known for offering glamorous （有魅力的）,yet practical, options. ParisThe chaotic month of fashion makes its way to France as Paris Fashion Week begins onSeptember 23rd. Saving the best for last, Paris never fails to offer some of the most exciting shows of the season. World-famous labels like Chanel and Dior try to outdo one another with their latest designs. The word that best describes Paris Fashion Week is "elegant".21. Which city is likely to attract the new designersA. New YorkB. LondonC. MilanD. Paris22. When does Milan Fashion Week probably endA. September 19thB. September 20thC. September 21stD. September 22nd23. What can we learn from the four fashion weeksA. Each has its own characteristics.B. Each shows its biggest brand.C. Each offers practical options.D. Each is open to school students.BFire Capt. Kevin Lloyd arrived at the scene of a car accident in West Point, Utah, north of Salt Lake City. A pregnant woman and her screaming 2-year-old daughter were trapped in the car.While his partner, Allen Hadley, was tending to the driver, Lloyd couldn't get the frightened girl to calm down. He saw she was holding several bottles of nail polish, and then he had a better idea. He asked her if she wanted to paint his nails. Soon she entirely lit up. At the same time, Hadley showed up to check on the scene.Lloyd had calmed her down and was in the process of getting his fingers painted. Then Hadley just put his hand in there. The girl began to color his nails pink. By this time, she was not only calm, but she was also happy.The girl's mother was not injured. She thanked them for helping herdaughter feel better, and they all chuckled, looking at the firefighters' nails, and took some photos.The firefighters brought the photos back to headquarters and showed them around. The department put them up on Facebook, and thousands of people responded, with many thanking the firefighters for going out of their way to calm down a frightened girl.Fire Chief Mark Becraft said he had been surprised at all the attention. He said he was proud of his firefighters, and added that he had known members of the department who had done many things that weren't part of the job.After the fact, Lloyd and Hadley had a small matter to tend to：the layers of polish on their nails. They bought a bottle of nail polish remover, and used almost all of it.24.Why was the 2-year-old girl frightenedA. She was caught in an accident.B. Her mother was badly injured.C. Her nails were hurt by the bottles.D. She was afraid of seeing firefighters.25. Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word "chuckled” in Paragraph 4A. Sighed.B. Shouted.C. Laughed.D. Hugged.26. Which of the following can best describe the two firefightersA. Knowledgeable.B. Comforting.C. Humorous.D. Courageous.27. What is the purpose of the textA.To ask us to learn to calm down in time of danger.B.To speak highly of the warm-hearted firefighters.C. To introduce the little girl who likes polishing nails.D.To praise the two firefighters who learn to decorate nails.CIn spring, chickens start laying eggs again, bringing a welcome source of protein at winter’s end. So it’s no surprise that cultures around the world celebrate spring by honoring the egg.Some traditions are simple, like the red eggs that get baked into Greek Easter breads. Others upgrade the egg into a fancy art, like the heavily jewel-covered “eggs” that were favored by the Russians starting in the 19th century.One ancient form of egg art is egg painting, which comes to us from Ukraine. For centuries, Ukrainians have been drawing complicated patterns on eggs. Contemporary artists have followed this tradition and adapted the traditional methods to create eggs that speak to the anxieties of our age: Life is precious, and delicate. Eggs are, too.“There’s something about their delicate nature that crazily appeals to me,” says New Yorker cartoonist Roz Chast. Several years ago, she became interested in egg painting and learned the traditional Ukrainian technique to draw her very modern characters. “I’ve broken eggs atevery stage of the process — from the very beginning to the very, very end.”But there’s an appeal in that vulnerability. “There’s part of this sickening horror that I kind of like, the horror of knowing you’re walking on the edge with this, knowing that it could all fall apart at any second.” Chast’s designs, such as a worried man alone in a tiny boat, reflect that delicateness.Traditional Ukrainian decorated eggs also spoke to those fears. The complex and detailed patterns were believed to offer protection against evil.Egg painting art, dating back to 300 B.C., was later absorbed into the Christian church. The old symbols, however, still survive. A decorated egg with a bird on it, given to a young married couple, is a wish for children.A decorated egg thrown into the field would be a wish for a good harvest.28. What do we learn about the decorated “eggs” in RussiaA. They are shaped like jewel cases.B. They are heavily painted in red.C. They are favored as a form of art.D. They are valued by the rich.29. Why have contemporary artists continued the tradition of egg paintingA. Because eggs serve as a symbol of the coming of spring.B. Because eggs provide a source of protein in winter’s end.C. Because eggs provide a unique surface to paint on.D. Because eggs reflect the anxieties of people today.30. Which of the following best explains “vulnerability” underlined in paragraph 5A. Delicateness.B. Technique.C. Fear.D. Anxiety.31. What is the main idea of the textA. Egg painting art preserves traditional and popular symbols.B. Different cultures have different ways of honoring the egg.C. Ukrainian egg painting art appeals to contemporary artists.D. Egg painting art continues and develops in pace with time.DImagine you enter a car with no steering wheel, no brake or accelerator pedals (踏板). Under a voice-activated command, you say an address. “The fastest route will take us 15.3 minutes. Should I take it ” You say “yes” and you are on your way. The car responds and starts moving all by itself. All you have to do is to sit back and relax.How strange would it be if, one day in the future, everyone had such a car No crazy driving, no quarrels, no cutting in; traffic laws would be respected and driving much safer. On the other hand, imagine the cost savings for local police enforcement (强制执行) and town budgets without all those speeding and parking tickets.A new technology has the potential to change modern society thoroughly. There’s no question that self-driving vehicles could be anenormous benefit. The potential for safer cars means accident statistics would drop: some 94% of road accidents in the U.S. involve human error. Older drivers and visually-or physically-disabled people would gain a new level of freedom. Maintaining safe speeds and being electric, self-driving cars would sharply reduce pollution levels and dependency on non-renewable fuels. Roads would be quieter, people safer.But we must also consider the impact of the new technology on those who now depend on driving for their living. According to the U.S. Department of Labor, in May 2015 there were 505,560 registered school bus drivers. The American Trucking Association lists approximately 3.5 million professional truck drivers in the U.S. The companies developing self-driving vehicles should be partnering with state and federal authorities to offer retraining for this massive workforce, many of whom will be displaced by the new technology.New technologies will, and should, be developed. This is how society moves forward. However, progress can’t be one-sided. It is necessary for the companies and state agencies involved to consider the moral consequences of these potential changes to build a better future for all.32. What would be the effect of the wide use of driverless carsA. More policemen would inspect the streets.B. People would never feel angry about the traffic.C. It would save local governments a lot of money.D. Traffic regulations would be a thing of the past.33. How would the elderly and the disabled benefit from driverless carsA. They would get rid of air pollution.B. They could enjoy greater mobility.C. They would suffer no road accidents.D. They could go anywhere they want.34. What would be the negative effect of driverless carsA. The conflict between labor and management would sharpen.B. Many drivers would have to find new ways of earning a living.C. Drivers would have a hard time adapting to new road conditions.D. The gap between various departments of society would be widened.35. What does the author suggest businesses and the government doA. Enable everyone to benefit from new technologies.B. Keep pace with technological developments.C. Make new technologies affordable to everyone.D. Popularize the use of new technologies and devices.第二节(共5小题:每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
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上海市建平中学2016届高三英语三模英语试卷2016-05-12 I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. 16. B. 10. C. 8. D. 6.2. A. At a restaurant. B. At a bank. C. At a hotel. D. At a grocery.3. A. Mother and child. B. Manager and customer.C. Nurse and child.D. Boss and clerk.4. A. Trying to draw a map. B. Painting the dining room.C. Discussing a house plan.D. Cleaning the kitchen.5. A. She is tired of the food in the canteen. B. She often eats in a French restaurant.C. She usually takes a snack in the KFC.D. She is very fussy about what she eats.6. A. Talking loudly on the telephone. B. Preparing for as oral examination.C. Listening to some loud music.D. Practising for a speech contest.7. A. The man has left a good impression on her family.B. The man can dress casually for the occasion.C. The man should buy himself a new suit.D. The man’s jeans and T-shirts are stylish.8. A. Fashionable pants in bright colors. B. Grey pants made from pure cotton.C. 100% cotton pants in dark blue.D. Something to match her brown pants.9. A. Travel overseas. B. Look for a new job. C. Take a photo. D. Adopt a child.10. A. It is a routine offer. B. It is new on the menu.C. It is quite healthy.D. It is a good bargain.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Near the entrance of a park. B. In his building’s parking lot.C. At a parking meter.D. At a street corner.12. A. It had been taken by the police. B. It had been moved to the next block.C. It had been parked at a wrong place.D. It had been stolen by someone.13. A. In a city garage. B. At a public parking lot.C. In a neighboring town.D. At the Greenville center.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Famous creative individuals. B. The mysteriousness of creativity.C. A major scientific discovery.D. Creativity as shown in arts.15. A. It is something people all engage in. B. It helps people acquire knowledge.C. It starts soon after we are born.D. It is the source of all artistic work.16. A. Natural curiosity. B. Logical reasoningC. Creative imagination.D. Critical thinking.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on the answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Read the following two passages. Fill in each blank with one proper word or the proper form of the given word to make the passage coherent. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.(A)Apart from the spelling of the word, there are, obviously, many differences between American and British humour.There is a common belief in the U.K. that Americans don’t understand irony(讽刺). This is of course not true. But what is true is that Americans don’t use it all the time.Irony may show up in American comedies, but people there don’t use it as much as Brits in daily life and it is generally seen as inappropriate in situations (25) ______it is normal in the U.K.On the contrary, irony is a common feature of British culture. It virtually (26) ______(run) in the blood of Brits. They use it as liberally as prepositions in everyday conversations, as a way of mockingtheir enemies, playing with their friends and laughing at themselves.This may sometimes be considered as offensive if the recipients are not used to it. But, it, in fact, is almost a sign of affection (27)______ a Brit likes you.Things are different in America. When Americans use irony they will clearly state that they are “only kidding” after that. They feel the need to make a joke more obvious (28)______ ______it will not offend other people.Humor is tied so much (29)______ culture. American jokes are more obvious and forward, a bit like Americans (30)______. British jokes, on the other hand, tend to be more subtle but with a dark or sarcastic undertone (讽刺的意味). There is usually a hidden meaning. This (31)______ stem from the fact that British culture is more reserved than American culture.However, we should not neglect the fact that certain American comedies (32)______(gain) huge success in Britain and vice versa. Therefore, although there are differences between both comic styles, there is still an appreciation and understanding of the other’s sense of humour.(B)Some of my favorite childhood memories involve me curled up in a chair with a great book. I would spend countless uninterrupted hours completely (33)______ (lose) in a fictional world. Sadly, however, I’ve noticed that I rarely read novels anymore.Reading an entire book has become a luxury that I reserve (34)______ vacations. I often make the excuse that I’m too busy, but I don’t think that’s true. I seem to find time to read online magazine articles, blogs, new sites, emails and social media updates. In fact, I seem (35)______(read) all day long—quickly scanning for information on my laptop or phone. What I don’t do is read slowly without interruption. That slow, relaxed reading is what I miss: And it’s (36) ______researchers say we need to do more of.In today’s fast-paced digital world, focused reading habits have gone by the wayside. Baidu, Weibo, WeChat, smartphones and the Internet in general have fractured (破坏) our time and attention. We often have multiple Internet browser windows open at any given moment while monitoring our e-mail, social media, and smartphones at the same time. One ping or embedded link(嵌入式链接) is all it takes(37)______ (shift) our attention from one thing to another.A recent article in The Wall Street Journal explained that screens have even changed our reading patterns “from the linear, left-to right sequence of years past to a wild skimming and skipping pattern as we hunt for important words and information.”Perhaps that’s (38)______ you’re reading this article right now.You may think it’s good that we are able to process information faster and our brains are becoming better at multi-tasking. Well, scientists say that none of that helps our ability to understand deeply. For example, if you’re reading online as part of a homework assignment, you may find yourself skimming articles for important information and (39)______ (follow) links to other sources. After an hour, you might think that you have a good understanding of your topic. Studies show, however, that you will likely have a weaker comprehension compared to reading a couple of articles slowly and carefully.Furthermore, slow reading in a quiet environment free of electronic distractions can provide a much-needed escape from the stress of fast-paced life. So, tonight, (40) ______ ______surfing or chatting online, why not kick it old-school with a good book?Section BDirections:Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. There is one extra word which you don’t need.Passwords that show no imagination or 41 are easy prey(猎物) for information pirates, a new US study says.A 42 analysis of 28,000 passwords recently stolen from a popular US website and posted on the Internet 43 that people often do the easy thing. It found that 16 percent took a first name as a password, 44 their own or one of their children, according to the study published by Information Week. Another 14 percent relied on the easiest keyboard 45 to remember such “1234”or “12345678”. For those using English keyboards, “QWERTY”was popular. Likewise, “AZERTY” scored with people with European keyboards.Five percent of the stolen passwords were names of television shows or stars popular with young people like “hannah,”46 by singer Hannah Montana. “Pokemon,” “Matrix,” and “Ironman” were others. The word “password,” or easy to guess variations like “password1,” 47 for four percent. Three percent of the passwords expressed 48 like “I don’t care,” “Whatever,”“Yes” or “No.”There were 49 choices —“I love you”—and their opposite —“I hate you”.Robert Graham, of the company Errata Security, which did the analysis and published the conclusions, advises that to better protect against cyber 50 , “choose a password that is longer than eight characters with one capital letter and one symbol.”III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Business has traditionally been and to a certain extent still is a ‘a boy’s game’. Less than six per cent of 51 management positions in American and European companies are held by women, and of the Fortune 500 only four have female CEO! Yet in Britain one in three new businesses are started up by women, and since 1980 the number of self-employed women has increased twice as fast as the number of such men.Is it just a case of women whose career progress has been 52 by their male colleague —the so-called ‘glass ceiling syndrome’ —being forced to set their own business? Or do women share specific management qualities which somehow 53 them better in self-employment? As many as forty per cent of start-ups 54 within their first two years, but the failure rate of those run by women is s ubstantially lower than that. It’s hardly surprising,55 , that though male bosses tend to be reluctant to promote women, male bank managers seem only too happy to finance their business.Anita Roddick, founder of the Body Shop empire, is the perfect 56 of the female entrepreneur, with her company growing from zero to 470 million in its first fifteen years. Perhaps the secret of her success was caution, rather than push ahead with the purchasing of new shops. Roddick got herself into franchising(加盟) —the cheapest way to 57 a business while keeping overheads down. Caution, forward planning and tight budgeting seem to be more female 58 than male. They are also the preprint for success when launching a new company. The recent Internet boom allowed women like Martha Lane Fox to set up their massively successful web travel agency . In cyberspace nobody cares what sex you are.When women join a(n) 59 company, it’s a different story. Less ruthlessly individualistic in their approach to business, women are more 60 the feelings of the group or team in which they work. They are generally more cooperative than competitive, less assertive, less prepared to lead from the front. Though they usually manage their time better than men and may even work harder, they are much less likely than their male counterparts to take risks. And, 61 , it is risk-taking that makes corporate high fliers. As one male director put it: “I’m not paid to make the right decision. I’m just paid to make decisions.”It’s an overgeneralization,62 , but it remains true that men will more readily take the 63 than women. The female style of management leans towards consensus and conciliation. Women seem to be better communicators than men —both more articulate and better listeners. And perhaps it is women’s capacity to listen that makes them particularly effective in 64 areas of business. In any mixed group of business people the ones doing most of the talking will almost certainly be the men. But perhaps only the women will really be listening.It was predominantly men who led the hierarchical corporations of the nineties. But it may be women who will 65 the most in the more democratic, people-centred years to come.51. A. executive B. creative C. informative D. responsive52. A. increased B. stimulated C. blocked D. influenced53. A. enjoy B. serve C. perform D. weigh54. A. collapse B. soar C. suffer D. endure55. A. otherwise B. however C. moreover D. therefore56. A. example B. individual C. occasion D. situation57. A. launch B. expand C. release D. confirm58. A. prospects B. records C. characteristics D. flavours59. A. financial B. existing C. initial D. prosperous60. A. devoted to B. adapted to C. used to D. sensitive to61. A. in addition B. for instance C. above all D. by contrast62. A. of course B. on the whole C. on the contrary D. to be specific63. A. publicity B. initiative C. matters D. organization64. A. profit-favoured B. business-centred C. strategy-employed D. people-oriented65. A. shoot B. desire C. achieve D. designSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)When families gather for Christmas dinner, some will stick to formal traditions dating back to Grandma’s generation. Their tables will be set with the good dishes and silver, and the dress code will be Sunday-best.But in many other homes, this china-and-silver elegance has given way to a stoneware-and-stainless informality, with dresses assuming an equally casual-Friday look. For hosts and guests, the change means greater simplicity and comfort. For makers of fine china in Britain, it spells economic hard times.Last week Royal Doulton, the largest employer in Stoke-on-Trent, announced that it is eliminating 1,000 jobs — one-fifth of its total workforce. That brings to more than 4,000 the number of positions lostin 18 months in the pottery region. Wedgwood and other pottery factories made cuts earlier.Although a strong pound and weak markets in Asia play a role in the downsizing, the layoffs in Stoke have their roots in earthshaking social shifts. A spokesman for Royal Doulton admitted that the company “has been somewhat slow in catching up with the trend” toward casual dining. Families eat together less often, he explained, and more people eat alone, either because they are single or they eat in front of television.Even dinner parties, if they happen at all, have gone casual. In a time of long work hours and demanding family schedules, busy hosts insist, rightly, that it’s better to share a takeout pizza on paper plates in the family room than to wait for the perfect moment or a “real” dinner party. Too often, the perfect moment never comes. Iron a fine-patterned tablecloth? Forget it. Polish the silver? Who has time?Yet the loss of formality has its down side. The fine points of etiquette the children might once have learned at the table by observation or instruction from parents and grandparents (“Chew with your mouth closed”. “Keep your elbows off the table”.) must be picked up elsewhere. Some companies now offer etiquette seminars for employees who may be competent professionally but clueless socially.66. The trend toward casual dining has resulted in _______________.A. economic hard times in Great BritainB. shrinking of the pottery industryC. restructuring of large enterprisesD. bankruptcy of fine china manufacturers67. Which of the following may be the best reason for casual dining?A. Family members need more time to relax.B. People want to practice economy in times of scarcity.C. Busy schedules leave people no time for formality.D. Yong people won’t follow the etiquette of the older generation.68. It can be learned from the passage that Royal Doulton is ____________.A. a retailer of stainless steel tablewareB. a pottery chain storeC. a dealer in stonewareD. a producer of fine china69. Refined table manners, though less popular than before in current social life, __________.A. are still being taught by parents at homeB. are bound to return sooner or laterC. are still a must on certain social occasionsD. are of help in improving employees professionally(B)Visa Waiver ProgramOverviewThe Visa Waiver Program (VWP) enables nationals of certain countries to travel to the United States for tourism or business (visitor visa purposes) for stays of 90 days or less without obtaining a visa. Not all countries participate in the VWP, and not all travelers from VWP countries are eligible（有资格的）to use the program. VWP travelers are required to apply for authorization through the Electronic System for70. Foreigners who’d like to travel visa free are required to _________.A. be in possession of an e-passport invalid in 6 monthsB. apply online for authorization through the ESTAC. have previously stayed in America on the Visa Waiver ProgramD. present the paper ticket for your flight to the customs officer71. Which of the following persons CANNOT benefit from the program?A. A Belgian businessman who will sign a contract in America.B. A Dutch teacher who will attend an educational conference.C. A Spanish rock star who will hold a concert in New York.D. A Japanese tourist who will take a flight to America and then transfer to Canada.72. What can be inferred from the passage?A. A traveler who intends to stay in the USA for less than 90 days can apply for the VWP.B. Nationals from VWP countries are all qualified to use the VWP.C. The inclusion of Taiwan in VWP doesn’t mean the recognition of Taiwan as a country.D. People with onward tickets terminating in Mexico can travel through the United States.73. At which website are you most likely to find this article?A. B. B. D. (C)One often hears it said that travel broadens the mind: if you stay in your own country the whole time, your ideas remain narrow; whereas if you travel abroad you see new customs, eat new foods, do new things, and come back home with a broader mind.But does this always — or even usually — happen? An acquaintance of mine who lives in England and had never been outside it until last summer, decided to go over to France for a trip. When he ret urned, I asked him how he liked it. “Terrible,” was his answer. “I couldn’t get a nice cup of tea anywhere. Thank goodness I’m back.” I asked him whether he hadn’t had any good food while he was there. “Oh, the dinners were all right,” he said. “I found a little place where they made quite good fish and chips. Not as good as ours, mind you, but they were passable. But the breakfasts were terrible: no bacon or kippers. I had fried eggs and chips, but it was quite a business getting them to make them. They expected me to eat rolls. And when I asked for marmalade, they brought strawberry jam. And do you know, they insisted that it was marmalade? The trouble is they don’t know English.”I thought it useless to explain that we borrowed the word ‘marmalade’ from French, and that it means, in that language, any kind of jam. So I said, “But didn’t you eat any of the famous French food?” “What? Me?” he said. “Of course not! Give me good old English food every time! None of these fancy bits for me! ” Obviously travel had not broadened his mind.This does not, of course, happen only to Englishmen in France: all nationalities, in all foreign countries, can be found judging what they see, hear, taste and smell according to their own habits and customs. People who are better educated and who have read a lot about foreign countries tend to be more adaptable and tolerant, but this is because their minds have already been broadened before they start travelling. In fact, it is easier to be broad-minded about foreign habits and customs, if one’s acquaintance with these things is limited to books and films. The American smiles tolerantly over the absence of central heating in most English homes when he is himself comfortably seated in his armchair in his centrally heated house in Chicago; the English man reads about the sanitary arrangements in a certain tropical country, and the inhabitants of the latter read about London fogs, and each side manages to be detached and broad-minded. But actual physical contact with things one is unaccustomed to is much more difficult to bear philosophically.Perhaps the ideal would be if travel could succeed in making people tolerant of the habits and customs of others without abandoning their own. The criterion for judging a foreigner could be: Does he try to be polite and considerate to others? Instead of: Is he like me?74. What is the general understanding about travel?A. The far one goes, the more he will see.B. The broader one’s mind is, the more he will travel.C. The more flexible one is, the more adaptive he will be.D. The more widely one travels, the more open his mind will be.75. What’s the problem with the writer’s friend who travelled to France?A. He should have explored more in France.B. He imposed his opinion on foreign countries.C. He should have taken his own English food to France.D. He didn’t learn French well to communicate with the French.76. What can you tell from paragraph 4?A. Those with little travel experience can never broaden their mind.B. Well-educated people are likely to be more tolerant than ordinary people.C. People tend to argue that their own culture is the standard and should be accepted.D. It’s easier for people to be tolerant when reading or watching than really in those contexts.77. Which of the following about custom does the writer most probably advocate in terms of travelling?A. Favour ours, and suspect others.B. Promote ours, and accept others.C. Maintain ours, and respect others.D. Protect ours, and advertise others.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.The U.S. government set up a fake college called the University of Northern New Jersey as a trap to arrest 21 suspects. They are faced with charges that they conspired(密谋) to help over 1,000 foreigners fraudulently keep or obtain student or work visas over past few years.Paul Fishman, the United States Attorney for the District of New Jersey, announced the arrests on April 5. He said that the Department of Homeland Security had established the Façade(假象) of the University of Northern New Jersey in September 2013. Together with immigration and Customs Enforcement, it conducted the investigation and set up undercover agents to pretend to be staff at the fake university.Most people arrested were brokers(代理人) who recruited foreign students mainly from China and India. These students knew they were signing up for a university that would not have real classes, but they had no idea that it had been invented to expose the scam(欺诈).The brokers promised the students study visas and visa extensions or foreign worker visas after receiving commissions(佣金) worth $1,200 to $2,000 on average for each student they recruited. Some of the students used the visas issued through the scheme to get jobs at companies such as Apple, Facebook and Morgan Stanley.The government said the students involved will not face further punishment beyond being deported from the U.S. However, the brokers who were arrested face potential maximum punishments of ten years in prison.The operation was a way to understand the extent of the criminal network behind visa fraud, including how students are recruited, how fake universities work and what happens after the students are enrolled.There have been several high profile students visa fraud cases in recent years from California to New York, which represents a security concern for a government under pressure to screen visa applicants for possible terrorism ties.While the officials would not discuss how many fraudulent schools might actually be operating, Fishman said, “The University of Northern New Jersey was another stop on the ‘pay to stay’ tour.”(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 13 WORDS.)78. The 21 arrested suspects are accused of _______ .79. What did the foreign student fail to find when they were signing for a university?80. The operation of U.S. government setting up a fake college serves as _______ .81. What’s the greater trouble that student visa fraud cases have brought to the government?第II卷( 47 分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentence into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 你认为我们什么时候应该聚会一次？(think)2. 音乐不仅能给学生带来快乐，而且能缓解他们的学习压力。