文秘英语教程：Unit Four Public Relations

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跨文化交际unit4解析

Unit 4 词汇与意义⏹教学内容：⏹（1）词汇的概念意义、内涵意义、社会意义、情感意义和搭配意义。

⏹（2）中英词汇对比⏹基本要求：⏹了解词汇在语言的跨文化交际中的地位，掌握词汇的几种意义，中英语言在词汇方面存在的差别。

重点是词汇的内涵意义及中英词汇的差别。

Importance⏹If we want to study the difference between two languages, we have to begin with the study of the words in the two languages. Because the close relationship between language and culture is most readily seen in words.Section 1 Types of meanings⏹1. Conceptual meaning概念意义⏹the basic meaning presented by a word. It refers to logical, cognitive(认知的), referential (指示的), or denotative（外延的）content.⏹also known as surface meaning or denotative meaning外延意义, dictionary meaning or literal meaning字面意义of a word.Features of Conceptual meaning概念意义⏹1. It is the core of the meaning of a word. It is the basic meaning represented by meaningful linguistic units. It’s recorded in the dictionary.⏹E.g. woman-an adult female human being.⏹Dog-a four-legged animal which can make the sound of barking⏹2. It can be divided into some semantic components(语义成⏹分).⏹Woman: +animate(有生命) +human(人) - male (男性) -adult(成年)I⏹boy：⏹3. It is relatively constant and stable, because it is the meaning agreed upon by all the members of the same speech community.But it may also vary.⏹Manuscript =“手稿” now also including文稿printed from typewriter or computer Note: Many different words can have the same conceptual meaning⏹walk⏹to move forward by placing one foot in front of the other. The newlyweds新婚夫妇strolled down漫步the streets of Paris.⏹The wealthy businessman swaggered大摇大摆地into the restaurant and demanded a table.The overweight man lumbered笨重地行动along, breathing heavily and occasionally tripping.⏹These synonyms, although with different connotative meanings内涵意义, have the same conceptual meaning.The English Words unique in English culture⏹A. words related with geography⏹e.g. New England, Canberra, Northern Ireland, Sydney, London, Edinburgh, Greenwich, Quebec, Ottawa,⏹The Thames River, St. Lawrence, British Isles, The Rocky Mountains（落基山脉）, The Mississippi River, The Niagara Falls,⏹koala, kangaroo, tornado(龙卷风)⏹The Great Barrier Reef, Silicon Valley, Yellowstone Park,⏹Summary：All these have their own geographical features: places, plants and animals uniquely found in USA, Great Britain and Australia; They all represent meaning unique in their own cultures；Their Chinese equivalents are only used by the Chinese people as mere names, which have lost their distinctive geographical and cultural features.The English Words unique in English culture⏹A. words related with geography⏹e.g.⏹U.S.A: New England, The Rocky Mountains,The Mississippi River, The Niagara Falls,Yellowstone Park, Silicon Valley⏹Britain: British Isles, Northern Ireland, London, Edinburgh, Greenwich, The Thames River, Rose⏹Canada: Ottawa, Quebec, St. Lawrence,⏹Australia: Canberra, Sydney, The Great Barrier Reef, koala, kangaroo⏹B. words and history⏹the May Flower⏹(the ship in which a group of⏹British Puritans who were also⏹known as pilgrim fathers sailed to⏹America in 1620.⏹The revolutionary war⏹( the struggle of the 13 colonies in North America for independence from the British rule between 1775-1783)⏹Scalp(头皮)⏹(to tear the skin on the top and back of head and the hair attached from an enemy by an North American Indian as a trophy战利品)⏹⏹Knight⏹(a man given the rank of knighthood by the British Monarch in recognition of merits in public service)⏹Hippy/Hippie⏹(a young man and young woman who rejects authority, existing institutions and conventional attitudes towards morality, style of dress, etc.)⏹C. word and politics⏹USA: President, Secretary, Congress, Senate, the House of Representatives, The Democratic Party, The Republican Party, the Supreme Court⏹Great Britain: Parliament议会:the supreme legislative body of the United Kingdom. It comprises the sovereign, the House of Lords and the House of Commons.议会两院尤指英国由上议院和下议院构成的国家立法机关; Prime Minister, The Conservative Party, The Labour Party, Supreme Court of Judicature司法⏹Governor行政长官⏹the official title of the representative of the British monarch in a British colony.⏹Governor general总督⏹the personal representative of the British crown in the independent nations of the commonwealth.⏹e.g. The Canadian Governor General⏹Constitutional monarchy君主立宪制⏹a monarchy in which the powers of the rulers are restricted to those granted under the constitution and laws of the nationD. words and religion⏹Bible⏹a collection of religious books comprising the Old Testament and New Testament⏹reformation:宗教改革⏹a 16th century religious movement against the abuses in the Roman Catholic Church, ending in the formation of Protestant Churches.⏹Christmas box耶诞礼物或礼金⏹money given at Christmas time to the dustmen and others who provide a service throughout the year.⏹Boxing day节礼日⏹the first week day after Christmas, a legal holiday in England⏹Easter⏹the chief Christian feast, which celebrates the Resurrection of Christ, on the first Sunday after the full moon that coincides with or comes after the spring equinox.E. words and HolidaysChristmas cake/pudding/card/tree/carol/stockingFather Christmas), Santa Claus(A)⏹F. words and currency⏹Pound, penny; the American dollar, cent, quarter, nickel⏹G. Words and law⏹Court, judge, jury, lawyer, attorney (A)⏹H. Words and way of life⏹Snack Bar, roast beef, hamburger, sandwich, barbecue, cocktail, champagne; pajamas, suite, dress; subway, Greyhound bus; drive-ins, diner,⏹I. words and sports⏹Football, soccer, rugby, hockey, cricket⏹J. words and sex⏹Striptease, sex store, sexual interference, prostitute, whorehouse⏹K. words and personality⏹GB: reserve, practical, insularism偏执⏹USA：individualism, rapid pace of life, direct, promptness, informality, originality, materialism English works partly corresponding with Chinese words in conceptual meaning⏹1. Intellectual--知识分子⏹2. social sciences--社会科学⏹3. drugstore--药店⏹[美]杂货店(出售药物、糖果、饮料,化妆品，杂志及其他杂物的店铺)⏹4. Morning=午夜+凌晨+黎明+早晨+上午⏹5. Young(18-40), middle-aged(40-60), old (over 60)-------老中青⏹Discussion: discuss the conceptual differences between the words in each pair⏹yard--院子⏹peasant--农民⏹idealist-唯心主义者⏹materialist--唯物主义者"family" and jiating (家庭)⏹An American (A) attended her Chinese friend's (B) wedding. Two years later, the two met again.⏹A: Have you started a family'!⏹B: Oh, yes. You attended my wedding, remember?⏹A: I mean if you've had children.⏹Here we see that ' family' means more than jiating (家庭) ，though they seem to be equivalents.2. Connotative meaning内涵意义⏹the implication（含义，暗示）of words, apart from its primary meaning.It is the communicative value that an expression has in addition to the purely conceptual meaning. It varies from culture to culture and from individual to individual⏹E.g. Woman⏹Physical: biped(双足的), having a womb(子宫)⏹Personality: gentle, compassionate, sensitive, hard-working, frail脆弱的, emotional, prone to tears, irrational, inconstant变化无常的,subject to maternal instinct, behavior: capable of speech, experienced in cookery, skirt or dress wearing,⏹Dog⏹loyal to owner, fierce凶猛的, violentFeatures of Connotative meaning内涵意义⏹1. Despite cultural background difference, some corresponding words in two languages may convey the same connotative meaning. e.g tiger, 老虎--cruelty⏹E.g. Woman⏹2. words with the same conceptual meaning yet different connotative meaning⏹书, book⏹老，old⏹同志，comrade⏹宣传，propaganda⏹狗，dogConnotative meanings vary according to different people, times, ages, societies etc.⏹E.g. Home: warm, loving, comfortable, safe⏹like a prison, cold, boring⏹终身大事⏹工作？事业？婚姻? 生死？⏹Connotative meaning may change with the times going⏹E.g. traditional: positive in the past⏹“old, conservative” at present⏹3. Social meaning社会意义⏹Social meaning is what a piece of language conveys about the social circumstances of its use, such as the language users( who are using the language), settings (where is language used), topics (what are language users are talking or writing).⏹E.g⏹home (general) , residence (formal), domicile（law）, abode (literature),⏹horse, steed（战马）, nag（老马）,gee-gee（child）⏹throw(general) , cast (literature and religious), chuck(slang)⏹salt, sodium chloride⏹disobedient, recalcitrant反抗的⏹A good selection of words is important.Exercise！⏹Words which stand for what people do in order to make a living: job, vocation, profession, occupation, career, trade, work⏹Profession (an occupation requiring special education, especially in the liberal arts or sciences)所指的职业是需要在文科或理科方面有一定的教育程度，具备一定理论水平的人才的职业。

大学英语unit4课文翻译

大学英语unit4课文翻译大学英语unit4课文翻译大学英语旨在紧密结合大学英语的教学实际，反映教与学两方面的要求，满足不同层次读者的需要。

小编为你整理了大学英语unit4课文翻译，希望对你有所参考帮助。

美国文化的五大象征自由女神像Para. 119 世纪 70 年代中期，法国艺术家弗里德里克·奥古斯特·巴托尔迪正在设计一个大项目，名为“自由照耀世界”。

这是一座庆祝美国独立和美法联盟的纪念碑。

与此同时，他爱上了一位他在加拿大认识的女子。

他母亲不赞成自己的儿子和一个她没有见过的女子恋爱，然而巴托尔迪不为所动，和心中所爱于 1876 年结为伉俪。

Para. 2同年，巴托尔迪组装完雕像的右臂和火炬，并将它们陈列在费城。

据说，他用了妻子的手臂为模本，但觉得她的脸太漂亮，不适合做雕像模本。

他需要这样一个女人：面容沧桑却不失坚定，庄重多于美丽。

他选择了自己的母亲。

Para. 3 1886 年，自由女神像在纽约湾北部落成。

雕像综合了他母亲的脸和他妻子的身材，不过巴托尔迪称之为“我的女儿，自由之神”。

芭比娃娃Para. 4在现今销售的各式各样的芭比娃娃之前，原先只有一种芭比娃娃。

实际上，她的名字叫芭芭拉。

Para. 5芭芭拉·汉德勒是马特尔玩具公司的联合创始人艾略特和鲁思·汉德勒夫妇的女儿。

鲁思是在见到女儿玩纸娃娃之后才想到做芭比娃娃的。

芭比娃娃的三维模特是一个德国洋娃娃，一个哄成年人开心的礼物，被描绘成具有“风尘女子”的模样。

马特尔公司将这个娃娃做了一番改造，变成了体面而地道的美国版本，尽管胸围有些夸张。

它以当时10 多岁的少女芭芭拉的名字命名。

Para. 6自从1959 年面世，芭比娃娃就成了全球公认的“娃娃女王”。

马特尔公司说，一般的美国女孩拥有 10 个芭比娃娃，全球每秒钟就有两个芭比娃娃售出。

Para. 7如今芭芭拉已有 60 多岁了，她拒绝接受采访，但据说她非常喜欢芭比娃娃。

大学英语专业英翻中教材课件unitfour

Topic requirements
Ensure that the topic has discussion value, can stimulate students' thinking and expression of opinions, and requires accurate language and rich content.
Exhibition and Review of Student Works
01
Work Exhibition
Regularly organize student work exhibitions to showcase excellent compositions and stimulate their writing confidence and sense of honor.
Interactive communication
Encourage students to evaluate and communicate with each other, grow together through interactive learning, and cultivate their critical thinking and evaluation abilities.
The present perfect tense
This unit focuses on the use of the present perfect tense, its formation, and its various uses, such as expressing an action that started in the past and is related to the present

Unitfour(正式版)PPT课件

4. Full information as to prices, quality, quantity available and other relative particulars would be appreciated.
5.Please quote your lowest prices CIF Singapore for each of the following items, inclusive of our 3% commission.
Introduction- guidelines
1. State specifically what you request. 2. Make a request for reply clearly by pointing out emphatically the value
of the information to you. 3. Enumerate the questions in your enquiry when they are many. 4. Say how you obtain the name and address of the company and its
Promotional sticker Size: 7 cm. diameter Colors: 4 color printing Material: PVC (resistant because it will used in wet food)
But there are some other inquiries which are in great details including the name , quantity, quality, specifications, terms of payments, price terms, time of shipment, package, discount, ect. required by the buyer so as to enable the seller to make proper offers.

Unit 4职通商务英语课件第一册课件

1.2 spa
spa / spɑː; spɑ/ n (place where there is a) spring of mineral water with medicinal properties 矿泉; 有矿泉的地方: spa water 矿泉水. Introduction SPA一词源于原于拉丁文“Solus Por Aqua”（Health by water）的字首， Solus=健康，Por＝经由，Aqua＝水，意指用水来达到健康。方法是充分运用水的物理特性、温度及冲击，来达到保养、健身的效果。
立陶宛海岸边的库罗尼安海峡——波罗的海的一颗珍珠，点缀着美丽的海岸。在海水与风力的共同作用下，形成了北欧最高的沙丘，已被世界教科文组织列为世界遗产之一。海峡全长98公里，其中只有50公里位于立陶宛境内，其余部分属于俄罗斯。海峡最宽处在布鲁威克斯海角( Cape of Bulvikis)旁边, 覆盖面积占70%的是森林，主要是松树，为海峡增添了独特性。划分库波罗的海和罗尼安泻湖的标志正是这个呈半岛状的海峡。
sufficient and necessary condition
Para. 5 External activities
Selling to existing customers
Way: persuade them to spend time with
you, Goals: raise their loyalty, find more about their needs and problems
Para. 5 Internal Activities
A staff celebration
Description: a standard Christmas

【精选】跨文化交际课程unit4

Questions for discussion
What makes the different understandings of the words that are considered the same in surface?
How can we define the word "meaning" ?
In English culture, dragon refers to horrible, disgusting monsters.
2.干部
In Chinese culture, it represents a small group of people who are specially chosen and trained for a particular purpose.
During the party, Rosalita said to Roger, "I'd like to introduce you to one of my good friends. She is a very capable woman and is presently thinking of working in a joint venture so she can provide a better living for her large family. She is very much interested in your company." Hearing that, Roger smiled and replied, "Ok, but I just hope I don't get hustled." Unfortunately, Roger's replay made Rosalita quite upset. Very soon she excused herself as politely as she could, and did not speak with Roger for the rest of the evening.

Unit+4+课文+译文+答案

Unit 4Dialogue: Asking the Lawyer about Civil LawAlber t：Hello, I’m here for a consultation regarding civil law.Lawyer：Yes, please.Albert：My neighbors are causing me to lose sleep. They are always singing and dancing late into the night[1].Lawye r：Oh, I see. For a case like this, we'll arrange for a lawyer to go visiting your neighbors with you[2].Albert：I spoke to them several times before. I don't think having a lawyer present is going to help.Lawye r：In that case, we'll contact the police. If they find enough evidence, they'll force your neighbors to comply.Albert：That's good. I hope I can have some peaceful nights in the future.Words and expressions:consultation[kɔnsəl'teiʃən]n. 请教,咨询,regarding[ri'gɑ:diŋ]prep. 关于evidence['evidəns]n.证词；证据comply[kəm'plai]v. 同意,服从,遵守,履行[1] late into the night到深夜1. My daughter often studies late into the night.我女儿常常读书到深夜。

文秘英语第一讲

• Unit Seven Making Business Arrangements: • ---know what arrangements a secretary has to make in a company. • ---know how to make these arrangements • --- learn the skills and the points that secretaries should pay attention to while doing these arrangements • 学会有过本课程的教学，使学生能够掌握一定的相关行业实用写作文体、实用口语，提高和掌握文秘英语交流的基本技能和涉外英语交际能力。 • 1、听力能力要求：能基本听懂正常语速的电话、对话等，并能结合具体语言环境，理解所听内容的深层含义。 • 2、阅读能力要求：能读懂一般难度的英语文章，能够承担办公室中常见的涉外活动中的英语阅读和翻译工作。
6. 教学媒体和教学方法
• 本课程的教学媒体以文字教材和光盘教材为主，辅以的网上辅导资料。学习方式以课堂讲授和学生课后自学为主。学生应认真学习文字材料，按课程要求完成教材中的各项练习，并核对答案，学会借助工具书解决学习中所遇到的问题。在学习过程中，应针对同一份语言材料，结合所学办公室文秘知识，进行多种形式的口、笔头操练，做到举一反三、温故知新、融会贯通，以提高听、说、读、写、译语言综合运用能力。
• 全书分为10个单元，围绕两条主线展开：一是秘书基本专业知识的介绍，二是对学习者语言技能和实际操作技能的培养。 • 每个单元围绕一个主题编写，全书十个单元基本涵盖了秘书工作的基本知识。每个单元包括以下几个部分： • 第一部分，“听力与会话”（Listening and Speaking），旨在培养学生的涉外英语口语交际能力，内容涉及会面介绍、接听电话、接待来访、活动安排、商务旅游、访问等。

文秘英语unit-1

English for Secretaries
文秘英语
徐立乐
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1
• Text ---- reading • Dialogue---- speaking • Practical writing ---- writing • Exercise
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Unit 1 Reading
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Secretaries perform a variety of clerical and administrative duties needed to run an organization efficiently. Secretaries who coordinate office activities also make sure that correct information is given out to staff and clients. So managers, professionals, and other support staff rely on them to keep administrative operations under control. As a result, secretaries are needed in all types of firms and organizations.
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Situational Dialogues
•
Job interview
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• Present yourself in a favorable way • Stress your areas of competence • Do not exaggerate, tell the truth • Listen carefully and get involved in what