小学英语语法大全(完整版)

小学英语语法大全(完整版)小学英语语法大全第一章：名词一、定义名词是用来表示人或事物名称的词语。

它可以表示具体的事物，也可以表示抽象的概念。

二、分类1.名词可以根据意义分为普通名词和专有名词。

例如，john是一个学生，其中student是普通名词，而john是专有名词。

普通名词前可以用不定冠词a/an，定冠词the或不加冠词，而专有名词前一般不加冠词。

另外，专有名词的首字母要大写。

2.普通名词又可以分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词。

其中，个体名词和集体名词是可数名词，而物质名词和抽象名词是不可数名词。

3.专有名词专有名词是用来表示人名、地名、团体、机构、组织等的专有名词，多数情况下是独一无二的。

三、名词的数1、名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。

可数名词——可以数的名词不可数名词——数不清（没有复数形式）例如：drink（饮料）、milk（牛奶）、tea（茶）、water （水）、orange juice（橙汁）、coke（可乐）、coffee（咖啡）、porridge（粥）、food（食物）、rice（米饭）、bread（面包）、meat（肉类）、fish（鱼）、fruit（水果）、cake （蛋糕）、dumplings（饺子）2、可数名词可以与不定冠词a/an连用，有复数形式。

而不可数名词不能与不定冠词连用，也没有复数形式。

在修饰可数名词时，可以直接使用数词。

而在修饰不可数名词时，需要使用量词。

例如：many+可数名词复数；不可数名词用much/alittle+some/any/a lot of3、不可数名词的数量可以用以下两种方式表示：第一种方式是使用等量词，例如：some、much、a little、a lot of、a bit of、plenty of等。

注意，有些词既可以与可数名词复数连用，也可以与不可数名词连用，例如：plenty of、some、a lot of、lots of、等等。

例如：There is much water in the bottle.（瓶中有很多水。

）I'll tell you much good news.（我要告诉你许多好消息。

）We should collect some useful n.（我们应该收集一些有用的信息。

）第二种方式是使用单位词，例如：a bottle of（一瓶……）、a cup of（一杯……）、a piece of（一片/张……）、a pair of shoes（一双鞋）等。

在表示可数名词数量时，可以使用“How many”来提问。

而在表示不可数名词数量时，则需要使用“How much”。

The paper is about several species of freshwater fish。

To indicate different types of fish。

add the plural suffix -es。

He caught a lot of fish。

which in this case means a lot of fish of the same species。

If it were different species。

we would use theplural form fishes.Countable nouns can be singular or plural。

The singular form of a noun is the word itself。

with the n of a or an in front of it。

For example。

a desk or an old desk。

The plural form is used to indicate more than one concept。

Generally。

add -s to the end ofthe word to make it plural。

such as books or desks。

If the word ends in s。

x。

ch。

or sh。

add -es。

For example。

boxes or buses。

Note that some words ending in th add -s。

such as months。

while others add -es。

such as stomachs。

For words ending in a consonant + y。

change the y to i and add -es。

such as cities or countries。

However。

if the word ends in a vowel + y。

just add -s。

such as days or boys。

For words ending in f or fe。

change the f or fe to v and add -es。

such as knives or halves。

Some words。

such as roof。

just add -s to make the plural form roofs。

For words ending in o。

add -es if it ends in a consonant。

such as tomatoes or potatoes。

and add -s if it ends in a vowel。

such as pianos or zoos。

Finally。

some words。

such as kangaroos or photos。

do not change in the plural form。

The word kilo is also an n。

as it remains the same in both singular and plural form.Plural Forms of Nouns in EnglishIn English。

there are several ways to form the plural of nouns。

One way is to add -s or -es to the end of the singular noun。

For example。

man es men and woman es women.Another way is to change the vowel sound or the word ending。

For example。

foot es feet and tooth es teeth。

Similarly。

mousees mice and policeman es policemen。

while policewoman es policewomen.Some nouns have the same form for both singular and plural。

such as fish。

sheep。

deer。

and Chinese。

However。

when referring to different types of fish or several fish。

we can use the plural form fishes.There are also some nouns that look like singular but are actually plural in meaning。

such as people and police。

When referring to a specific number of people or police officers。

we can use the plural form。

such as these people or ten police officers.When forming the plural of compound nouns。

we usuallyonly change the main noun to the plural form。

For example。

passer-by es passers-by and bus driver es bus drivers.Lastly。

some nouns like hair and fruit are usually singular but can be pluralized to refer to multiple strands of hair or types of fruit.In summary。

forming the plural of nouns in English can be tricky。

but with practice。

it can e second nature.His black hair is gradually turning gray.Note 2: Words like wind。

snow。

and rain can sometimes have plural forms to indicate multiple instances。

When compound nouns begin with "boy" or "girl," only the second noun is typically pluralized.For example。

"boy student" es "boy students" (male students)。

and "girlfriend" es "girlfriends" (female friends).7) Some nouns only exist in plural form。

such as "scissors," "trousers," "shorts," "jeans," "compasses," "scales," "sunglasses," "surroundings," "savings," and "writings."Compound nouns that include "man" or "woman" typically change only the second noun to indicate the plural form。