研究生英语考试
研究生英语口语考试万能模板
研究生英语口语考试万能模板作为研究生，英语口语考试是必备的一个环节，要通过考试不仅仅需要良好的语言基础，还需要掌握一定的考试技巧和策略。
下面是一些万能模板，希望有所帮助。
开场白：Good morning/afternoon/evening, ladies and gentlemen. My name is __________. Today, I am very honored to be here togive my presentation. I would like to talk about __________. （早上/下午/晚上好，女士们/先生们。
我叫__________。
今天，我非常荣幸来这里做报告。
我想谈谈__________。
）个人介绍和背景：Before I begin my presentation, I would like to briefly introduce myself. My name is __________. I am from __________.I graduated from __________ University with a Bachelor's degree in __________. Currently, I am a postgraduate student majoring in __________ at __________ University. （在我开始我的报告之前，我想简单地介绍一下我自己。
我的名字是__________。
我来自__________。
我毕业于__________大学，获得了__________学士学位。
目前，我是一名在__________大学攻读__________专业的研究生。
）解释原因：The reason why I choose to talk about __________ is that__________. （我选择谈论__________的原因是__________。
研究生英语考什么-英语考试有什么题型
研究生英语考什么-英语考试有什么题型〔考研〕中报考英语专业的考生，初试考核科目为：政治(分值100)、基础英语(分值150分)、综合英语或专业课(分值150分)以及第二外语(分值100)共四门。
如果想具体了解研究生英语考什么，那无妨接着往下看吧!英语专业考研和考研英语是不同的，主要是考试的内容和针对的考生。
英语专业考研是针对报考英语专业研究生的考生而进行的，考核科目为：政治(分值100)、基础英语(分值150分)、综合英语或专业课(分值150分)以及第二外语(分值100)共四门。
考研英语是针对那些报考非英语专业的考生所进行的英语水平测试，是统一出题，主要考查大学英语的基本知识，包括完型、阅读、新题型、翻译、写作等五部分，卷面分值为100，与政治(分值为100)和其他两门专业课(分值分别为150分)共同构成了研究生入学考试的四大科目。
英语专业初试的4门课程中，只有政治一门是统一命题，其他3门都是个招生单位自己出题(各别语种属于统考，但是这类学校一般很少并且会提前在招生说明中说明)。
2研究生英语考试有什么题型英语(一)考试试题分三部分，共52题，包括英语知识运用、阅读理解和写作。
第一部分英语知识运用：该部分不仅考查考生对不同语境中规范的语言要素(包括词汇、表达方式和结构)的掌握程度，而且还考查考生对语段特征(如连贯性和一致性等)的辨识能力等。
共20小题，每题0.5分，共10分。
在一篇240~280词的文章中留出20个空白，要求考生从每题给出的4个选项中选出最正确答案，使补全后的文章意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。
第二部分阅读理解：该部分由a、b、c三节组成，考查考生理解书面英语的能力。
共30小题，每题2分，共60分。
a节(20小题)：主要考查考生理解主旨要义、具体信息、概念性含义，进行有关的推断、推理和引申，依据上下文推测生词的词义等能力。
要求考生依据所提供的4篇(总长度约为1600词)文章的内容，从每题所给出的4个选项中选出最正确答案。
研究生复试英语考试
范文四 Good morning,my dear teachers,my dear professors.i am very glad to be here for your interview.my name is song yonghao,i am 22 years old .i come from luoyang,a very beautiful aicent city.my undergratuade period will be accomplished in chang'an university in july ,2004;and now,I am trying my best for obtaining a key to tongji university. Generally speaking ,i am a hard working student especially do the thing i am interested in. i will try my best to finish it no matter how difficult it is. when i was sophomore, i found web design very interesting, so i learned it very hard . to weaver a homepage for myself, i stayed with my pesonel computer for half a month.,and i am the first one in my class who own his homepage. forthermore,i am a person with great perserverence. during the days preparing for the first examination,i insist on running every day, no matter what the weather was like.and just owning to this,i could concentrate on my study and succeeded in the end. Well ,in my spare time ,i like basketball, tennis and chinese chess. also english is my favorate.i often go to english corner to practise my oral english on every thursday,and write compositions to improve my witten ability .but i know my english is not good enough ,i will continue studying. Ok, that is all,thank you for your attention.
全国硕士研究生入学考试英语(一)试题_附答案
全国硕士研究生入学考试英语(一)试题_附答案全国硕士研究生入学考试英语（一）试题_附答案Section ⅠUse of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D]on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices became an important issue recently. The court cannot__1___ its legitimacy as guardian of the rule of law___2___ justices behave like politicians. Yet, in several instances, justices acted in ways that__3___ the court’s reputation for being independent and impartia l.Justices Antonin Scalia and Samuel Alito Jr., for example, appeared at political events. That kind of activity makes it less likely that the court’s decisions will be__4__ as impartial judgments. Part of the problem is that the justices are not ___5__ by an ethics code. At the very least, the court should make itself____6___ to the code of conduct that __7____to the rest of the federal judiciary.This and other cases ___8___the question of whether there is still a ___9__ between the court and politics.The framers of the Constitution envisioned law__10__ having authority apart from politics. They gave justices permanent positions __11__ they would be free to__12__those in power and have no need to__13___ political support. Our legal system was designed to set law apart from politics precisely because they are so closely __14___.Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social ___15___like liberty and property. When the court deals with social policy decisions, the law it __16___is inescapably political —which is why decisions split along ideological lines are so easily ___17__ as unjust.The justices must __18___doubts about the court’s legitimacy by makingthemselves __19___to the code of conduct. That would make their rulings morelikely to be seen as separate from politics and, __20___, convincing as law.1. [A] emphasize [B] maintain [C] modify [D] recognize2. [A] when [B] best [C] before [D] unless3. [A] restored [B] weakened [C] established [D] eliminated4. [A] challenged [B] compromised [C] suspected [D] accepted5. [A] advanced [B] caught [C] bound [D] founded6. [A] resistant [B] subject [C] immune [D] prone7. [A] resorts [B] sticks [C] leads [D] applies8. [A] evade [B] raise [C] deny [D] settle9. [A] line [B] barrier [C] similarity [D] conflict10. [A] by [B] as [C] through [D] towards11. [A] so [B] since [C] provided [D] though12. [A] serve [B] satisfy [C] upset [D] replace13. [A] confirm [B] express [C] cultivate [D] offer 14. [A] guarded [B] followed [C] studied [D] tied15. [A] concepts [B] theories [C] divisions [D] convenience16. [A] excludes [B] questions [C] shapes [D] controls17. [A] dismissed [B] released [C] ranked [D] distorted18. [A] suppress [B] exploit [C] address [D] ignore19. [A] accessible [B] amiable [C] agreeable [D] accountable20. [A] by all means [B] at all costs [C] in a word [D] as a resultSection ⅡReading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1. (40 points)Text 1Come on –Everybody’s doing it. That whispered message, half invitation and halfforcing, is what most of us think of when we hear the words peer pressure. It usually leads to no good-drinking, drugs and casual sex. But in her new book Join the Club, Tina Rosenberg contends that peer pressure can also be a positive force through what she calls the social cure, in which organizations and officials use the power of group dynamics to help individuals improve their lives and possibly the word.Rosenberg, the recipient of a Pulitzer Prize, offers a host of example of the social cure in action: In South Carolina, a state-sponsored antismoking program called Rage Against the Haze sets out to make cigarettes uncool. In South Africa, anHIV-prevention initiative known as LoveLife recruits young people to promote safe sex among their peers.The idea seems promising，and Rosenberg is a perceptive observer. Her critique of the lameness of many pubic-health campaigns is spot-on: they fail to mobilize peer pressure for healthy habits, and they demonstrate a seriously flawed understanding of psychology.” Dare to be different, please don’t smoke!” pleads one billboard campaign aimed at reducing smoking among teenagers-teenagers, who desire nothing more than fitting in. Rosenberg argues convincingly that public-health advocates ought to take a page from advertisers, so skilled at applying peer pressure.。
硕士研究生英语考试
硕士研究生英语考试（也称为“考研英语”或“全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一）”）是中华人民共和国教育部主办的全国性硕士研究生招生考试中的一个科目。
以下是关于硕士
研究生英语考试的详细流程：
一、考试时间
硕士研究生英语考试通常在每年的12月下旬举行，具体时间可能会因年份和地区而有所不同。
考试时长为3小时。
二、考试内容
硕士研究生英语考试主要包含四个部分：完形填空、阅读理解、翻译和写作。
具体分值分布如下：
1. 完形填空（10分，20题）：主要测试考生对英语词汇和语法的掌握程度。
2. 阅读理解（40分，20题）：包含四篇阅读文章，测试考生对文章的理解和信息提取能力。
3. 翻译（10分，5题）：将英文句子或段落翻译成中文，测试考生的英汉互译能力。
4. 写作（30分，2篇）：一篇应用文和一篇议论文，测
试考生的书面表达能力。
三、考试难度
硕士研究生英语考试的难度相对较高，主要考察考生的英语综合运用能力，包括词汇、语法、阅读、翻译和写作等方面的知识。
考试的难度可能会因年份和地区而有所不同。
四、备考建议
针对硕士研究生英语考试，考生应该注重基础知识的积累和运用，同时也要提高自己的应试技巧。
具体来说，可以采取以下措施：
1. 扩大词汇量：掌握常用的词汇和短语，了解词义和用法。
2. 练习阅读理解：多做阅读理解练习题，提高阅读速度和理解能力。
3. 提高翻译水平：通过英汉互译的练习，培养自己的语言转换能力。
4. 培养写作技能：多写文章，熟悉不同类型的应用文和议论文的写作要求和规范。
2024年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(一)模拟测试
2024年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一)模拟测试Section I: Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C, or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Text:In todays interconnected world, the role of technology in shaping our daily lives has become increasingly prominent. With the advent of smart devices and the Internet of Things (IoT), we are now able to perform tasks with unprecedented efficiency and convenience. However, the benefits of this technological revolution come with their own set of challenges, particularly when it comes to privacy and security.- Privacy concerns have risen sharply in recent years, as more and more personal data is collected and stored online. This data, ranging from browsing history to financial information, is a goldmine for hackers and cybercriminals. 1 the potential risks, individuals and organizations alike must take proactive measures to protect themselves.- One way to combat these threats is through the use ofstrong passwords and two-factor authentication. Yet, these methods alone are 2 insufficient. Regular software updates, which often include security patches, are equally important. Neglecting these updates can leave devices vulnerable to attacks.- Moreover, awareness and education play a crucial role in enhancing cybersecurity. Many cyber attacks are successful because users are not aware of the 3 tactics employed by cybercriminals. By educating users on how to recognize phishing emails, malicious websites, and other forms of cyber threats, we can significantly reduce the risk of successful attacks.- Another aspect of cybersecurity is the need for 4 policies and regulations. Governments and international organizations must work together to develop and enforce strict guidelines that protect the privacy and security of individuals online. This includes ensuring that data is collected, stored, and processed in a manner that is both ethical and legal.- Finally, collaboration between the public and private sectors is essential in the fight against cybercrime. By sharing information and resources, both sectors can more effectively 5 emerging threats and respond to incidents. This includesincident response teams, threat intelligence sharing, and joint training exercises.In conclusion, cybersecurity is a complex and ever-evolving field that requires a multi-faceted approach. By combining strong passwords, regular updates, awareness and education, robust policies, and public-private collaboration, we can build a safer and more secure digital world.Questions:1. A) DespiteB) Despite ofC) In spiteD) In spite ofAnswer: D) In spite ofExplanation: In spite of is a prepositional phrase used to introduce a contrast, meaning although or even though. It correctly completes the sentence by acknowledging the potential risks despite their existence.2. A) inherentlyB) increasinglyC) predominantlyD) undoubtedlyAnswer: A) inherentlyExplanation: Inherently means something is an essential or fundamental part of something else. Here, it suggests that strong passwords and two-factor authentication, while important, are not enough on their own to provide complete security.3. A) sophisticatedB) straightforwardC) outdatedD) rudimentaryAnswer: A) sophisticatedExplanation: Sophisticated refers to something that is complex, advanced, or highly developed. It correctly describes the tactics employed by cybercriminals, which are often complex and difficult to detect.4. A) ambiguousB) comprehensiveC) vagueD) simplisticAnswer: B) comprehensiveExplanation: Comprehensive means including all or nearly all elements or aspects of something. Here, it refers to theneed for policies and regulations that cover all aspects of cybersecurity, ensuring that individuals privacy and security are adequately protected.5. A) anticipateB) endureC) eliminateD) exacerbateAnswer: A) anticipateExplanation: Anticipate means to foresee or expect something to happen. In this context, it correctly describes the need for both the public and private sectors to work together to predict and prepare for emerging cyber threats.。
2024年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语
2024年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语Title: The National Entrance Examination for Master's Degree in 2024IntroductionThe National Entrance Examination for Master's Degree in 2024 will be a crucial milestone for thousands of students across China. This annual examination, also known as the "three killer" (the Graduate Record Examination, Academic Ability Test, and Professional Knowledge Test), serves as a comprehensive assessment of an individual's academic abilities, analytical skills, and knowledge in a specific field of study. In this article, we will discuss the structure of the examination, preparation tips, and its significance in shaping the future of graduate students.Structure of the ExaminationThe National Entrance Examination for Master's Degree in 2024 consists of three main components: the Graduate Record Examination (GRE), the Academic Ability Test, and the Professional Knowledge Test. The GRE is an essential part of the examination, testing students' verbal reasoning, quantitative reasoning, and analytical writing skills. The Academic Ability Test evaluates candidates' general knowledge, critical thinking, andproblem-solving abilities. The Professional Knowledge Test assesses students' expertise in a specific area of study, such as engineering, economics, or psychology.Preparation TipsPreparation is key to success in the National Entrance Examination for Master's Degree in 2024. Here are some tips to help you ace the examination:1. Understand the exam format: Familiarize yourself with the structure and content of the examination to effectively plan your study schedule.2. Practice regularly: Solve past papers, sample questions, and mock tests to improve your problem-solving skills and time management.3. Focus on weak areas: Identify your strengths and weaknesses and allocate more time to improve areas where you need assistance.4. Seek guidance: Consult with teachers, mentors, or professional tutors to receive guidance and support in your preparation.5. Stay motivated: Stay positive, maintain a healthy lifestyle, and take breaks to avoid burnout during your preparation.Significance of the ExaminationThe National Entrance Examination for Master's Degree in 2024 plays a crucial role in shaping the future of graduate students in China. By evaluating students' academic abilities, analytical skills, and knowledge in a specific field, the examination helps universities select the most suitable candidates for their programs. Moreover, the examination enables students to showcase their capabilities and compete for prestigious scholarships, research opportunities, and career prospects in their respective fields of study.ConclusionIn conclusion, the National Entrance Examination for Master's Degree in 2024 is a challenging yet rewarding opportunity for graduate students in China. By understanding the structure of the examination, following preparation tips, and recognizing its significance, students can effectively prepare for the examination and excel in their academic and professional pursuits. Good luck to all the candidates preparing for the examination!。
2024年硕士研究生英语一试题
2024年硕士研究生英语一试题2024年硕士研究生英语一试题指的是在2024年全国硕士研究生招生考试中，针对英语科目一（通常是学术型硕士研究生英语考试）的考试试卷。
该试卷由教育部考试中心或相关招生单位组织命题，用于测试考生对英语语言知识的掌握程度和应用能力。
以下是2024年硕士研究生英语一试题的示例：一、选择题（每题2分，共4分）1.The company has a strict _____ on environmental protection.A. policyB. principleC. practiceD. procedure2.The ____ of the project was delayed due to budget cuts.A. implementationB. completionC. designD. planning二、填空题（每空1分，共2分）1.The _____ of the company's products is very important for its success.A. innovationB. qualificationC. standardizationD. certification2.The _____ of the room is 100 square meters.A. sizeB. areaC. lengthD. volume三、作文题（20分）Title: The Importance of Communication Skills in the WorkplaceIn this article, discuss the importance of communication skills in the workplace and provide examples to support your argument. Make sure to include the benefits of good communication and the challenges it may bring, as well as the role of individuals and organizations in fostering effective communication. (200 words)总结：2024年硕士研究生英语一试题是一份用于测试考生英语语言能力的试卷。
2023 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试考研英语(一)真题
2023Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read thefollowing text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)It’s not difficult to set targets for staff. It is much harder, 1 ,to understand their negative consequences.Most work-related behaviors have multiple components. 2 one and the others become distorted.Travel on a London bus and you’ll 3 see how this works with drivers.Watch people get on and show their tickets.Are they carefully inspected? Never. Do people get on without paying? Of course! Are there inspectors to 4 that people have paid? Possibly, but very few. And people who run for the bus? They are 5 . How about jumping lights? Buses do so almost as frequently as cyclists.Why? Because the target is 6 . People complained that buses were late and infrequent. 7 , the number of buses and bus lanes were increased, and drivers were 8 or punished according to the time they took. And drivers hit these targets. But they 9 hit cyclists. If the target was changed to 10 , you would have more inspectors and moresensitive pricing.If the criterion changed to safety,you would get more 11 drivers who obeyed traffic laws. But both these criteria would be at the expense of time.There is another 12 : people became immensely inventive in hitting targets. Have you 13 that you can leave on a flight an hour late but still arrive on time? Tailwinds? Of course not! Airlines have simply changed the time a 14 is meant to take. A one-hour flight is now ballad as a two-hour flight.The 15 of the story is simple. Most jobs are multidimensional, with multiple criteria. Choose one criterion and you may well 16 others.Everything Can be done faster and made cheaper,but there is a 17 Setting targets can and does have unforeseen negative consequences.This is not an argument against target-setting.But it is an argument for exploring consequences first.All good targets should have multiple criteria 18 critical factors such as time, money, quality and customer feedback. The trick is not only to 19 just one or even two dimensions of the objective, but also to understand how to help people better 20 the objective.1. [A] Some [B] Most [C] Few [D] All2 ．[A] put [B] take [C] run [D] come3 ．[A] Since [B] If [C] Though [D] Until4 ．[A] formally [B] relatively [C] gradually [D] literally5 ．[A] back [B] next [C] around [D] away6 ．[A] onto [B] off [C] across [D] alone7 ．[A] unattractive [B] uncrowded [C] unchanged [D] unfamiliar8 ．[A] site9 ．[A] So 10．[A] immediately 11．[A] surprised 12．[A] problem 13．[A] Above all 14．[A] bridge 15．[A] form 16．[A] posts17 ．[A] artificial 18．[A] Finally 19．[A] memories 20．[A] restrict [B] point[B] Yet[B] intentionally[B] annoyed[B]option[B] In contrast[B] avoid[B] through[B] links[B] mysterious[B] Consequently[B] marks[B] adopt[C] way[C] Instead[C]unexpectedly[C] frightened[C] view[C] On average[C] spot[C] beyond[C] shades[C] hidden[C]incidentally[C] notes[C] lead[D] place[D] Besides[D] eventually[D] confused[D] result[D] For example[D] separate[D] under[D] breaks[D] limited[D] Generally[D] belongings[D] exposeSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read thefollowingfour texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40points)Text2Communities throughout New England have been attemptingto regulate short-term rentals since sites like Airbnb took off in the2010s. Now with record-high home prices and historically low inventory,there’s an increased urgency in such regulation,particularly among those whoworry that developers will come in and buy up swaths of housing to flip for a fortune on the short-term rental market.In New Hampshire,where the rental vacancy rate has dropped below 1percent,housing advocates fear unchecked short-term rentals will put further pressure on an already strained market. The State Legislature recently voted against a bill that would’ve made it illegal for towns to create legislation restricting short-term rentals.“We are at a crisis level on the supply of rental housing,”said Nick Taylor, executive director of the Workforce Housing Coalition of the Greater Seacoast. Without enough affordable housing in southern New Hampshire towns,“ employers are having a hard time attracting employees, and workers are having a hard time finding a place to live,” Taylor said.However, short-term rentals also provide housing for tourists, pointed out Ryan Castle,CEO of a local association of realter.“A lot of workers are servicing the tourist industry,and the tourism industry is serviced by those people coming in short term,”Castle said,“and so it’s a cyclical effect.”Short-term rentals themselves are not the crux of the issue, said Keren Horn,an expert on affordable housing policy.“I think individuals being able to rent out their second home is a good thing.If it’s their vacation home anyway,and it’s just empty,why can’t you make money off it?”Horn said. Issues arise, however, when developers attempt to create large-scale short-term rental facilities— de facto hotels — to bypass taxesand regulations. “I think the question is, shouldn’t a developer who’s really building a hotel,but disguising it as not a hotel,be treated and taxed and regulated like a hotel?” Horn said.At the end of 2018, governor Charlie Baker of Massachusetts signed a bill to rein in those potential investor-buyers. The bill requires every rental host to register with the state mandates they carry insurance, and opens the potential for local taxes on top of a new state levy. Boston took things even further,requiring renters to register with the city’s Inspectional Services Department.Horn said similar registration requirements could benefit struggling cities and towns, but “if we want to make a change in the housing market, the main one is we have to build a lot more.”26. Which of the following is true of New England?A. Its housing supply is at a very low level.B. Its communities are in need of funding.C. Its rental vacancy rate is going up slowlyD. Its home prices are under strict control.27. The bill mentioned in Paragraph 2 was intended toA. curb short-term rental speculation.B. ensure the supply of cheap housing.C. punish illegal dealings in housing.D. allow a free short-term rental market.28. Compared with Castle, Taylor is more likely to supportA. further investment in local tourism.B. an increase in affordable housing.C. strict management of real estate agents.D. a favorable policy for short-term workers.29. What does Horn emphasize in Paragraph 5?A. The urgency to upgrade short-term rental facilities.B. The efficient operation of the local housing market.C. The necessity to stop developers from evading taxes.D. The proper procedures for renting out spare houses.30. Horn holds that imposing registration requirements isA. an irrational decision.B. an unfeasible proposal.C. an unnecessary measure.D. an inadequate solution.Text3If you’re heading for your nearest branch of Waterstones,the biggest book retailer in the UK, in search of the Duchess of Sussex’s new children’s book The Bench, you might have to be prepared to hunt around a bit, the same may be true of The President’s Daughter, the new thriller by Bill Clinton and James Patterson.Both of these books are published next week by Penguin Random House(PRH), a company currently involved in a stand-offwith Waterstones.The problem began late last year,when PRH confirmed that it had introduced a credit limit with Waterstones “at a very significant level”. The trade magazine The Bookseller reported that Waterstones branch managers were being told to remove PRH books from prominent areas such as tables, display spaces and windows, and were“ quietly retiring them to their relevant sections” .PRH declined to comment on the issue, but a spokesperson for Waterstones told me:“Waterstones are currently operating with reduced credit terms from PRH, the only publisher in the UK to place any limitations on our ability to trade. We are not boycotting PRH titles but we are doing our utmost to ensure that availability for customers remains good despite the lower overall levels of stock.We are hopeful with our shops now open again that normality will return and that we will be allowed to buy appropriately.Certainly,our shops are exceptionally busy.The sales for our May Books of the Month surpassed any month since 2018.”In the meantime,PRH authors have been the losers.Big-name PRH authors may suffer a bit, but it’s those mid-list authors, who normally rely on Waterstones staff’s passion for promoting books by lesser-known writers, who will be praying for an end to the dispute.It comes at a time when authors are already worried about the consequences of the proposed merger between PRH and another big publisher,Simon &Schuster—the reduction in the number of unaligned UK publishers is likely to lead to fewer bidding wars, lower advances, and more conformity in terms of what is published.“This is all part of a wider change towards concentration of power,”says literary agent Andrew Lownie.“The publishing industry talks about diversity in terms of authors and staff but it also needs a plurality of ways of delivering intellectual contact, choice and different voices. After all, many of the most interesting books in recent years have come from small publishers.”We shall see whether that plurality is a casualty of the current need among publishers to be big enough to take on all-comers.31. The author mentions two books in Paragraph 1 to presentA. an ongoing conflict.B. an intellectual concept.C. a prevailing sentiment.D. a literary phenomenon.32. Why did Waterstones shops retire PRH books to their relevant sections?A. To make them easily noticeable.B. To comply with PRH’s requirement.C. To respond to PRH’s business move.D. To arrange them in a systematic way.33. What message does the spokesperson for Waterstones seem to convey?A. Their customers remain loyal.B. The credit limit will be removed.C. Their stock is underestimated.D. The book market is rather slack.34.What can be one consequence of the current dispute?A. Sales of books by mid-list PRH writers fall off considerably.B. Lesser-known PRH writers become the target of criticism.C. Waterstones staff hesitate to promote big-name authors’ books.D. Waterstones branches suffer a severe reduction in revenue.35. Which of the following statements best represents Lownie’s view?A. Small publishers ought to stick together.B. Big publishers will lose their dominance.C. The publishing industry is having a hard time.D. The merger of publishers is a worrying trend.Text4Scientific papers are the recordkeepers of progress in research.Each year researchers publish millions of papers in more than 30,000journals. The scientific community measures the quality of those papers in a number of ways,including the perceived quality of the journal (as reflected by the title’s impact factor) andthe number of citations a specific paper accumulates. The careers of scientists and the reputation of their institutions depend on the number and prestige of the papers they produce,but even more so on the citations attracted by these papers.Citation cartels,where journals,authors,and institutions conspire to inflate citation numbers, have existed for a long time. In 2016, researchers developed an algorithm to recognize suspicious citation patterns,including groups of authors that disproportionately cite one another and groups of journals that cite each other frequently to increase the impact factors of their publications.Recently,another expression of this predatory behavior has emerged:so-called support service consultancies that provide languageand other editorial support to individual authors and to journals sometimes advise contributors to add a number of citations to their articles.The advent of electronic publishing and authors’need to find outlets for their papers resulted in thousands of new journals. The birth of predatory journals wasn’t far behind.These journals can act as milk cows where every single article in an issue may cite a specific paper or a series of papers.In some instances,there is absolutely no relationship between the content of the article and the citations.The peculiar part is that the journal that the editor is supposedly working for is not profiting at all — it is just providing citations to other journals.Such practices can lead an article to accrue more than 150 citations in the same year that it was published.How insidious is this type of citation manipulation?In one example, an individual - acting as author, editor, and consultant - was able to use at least 15 journals as citation providers to articles published by five scientists at three universities. The problem is rampant in Scopus, a citation database, which includes a high number of the new “international” journals. In fact, a listing in Scopus seems to be a criterion to be targeted in this type of citation manipulation.Scopus itself has all the data necessary to detect this malpractice. Red flags include a large number of citations to an article within the first year. And for authors who wish to steer clear of citation cartel activities:whenan editor, a reviewer,or a support service asks you to add inappropriate references, do not oblige and do report the request to the journal.36.According to Paragraph 1,the careers of scientists can be determined by________.[A] how many citations their works contain.[B] how many times their papers are cited.[C] the prestige of the people they work with.[D] the status they have in scientific circles.37. The support service consultancies tend to________.[A] recommend journals to their clients.[B] list citation patterns their clients.[C] ask authors to include extra citations.[D] advise contributors to cite each other.38. The Function of the “milk cow” journals is to________.[A] boost citation counts for certain authors.[B] help scholars publish articles at low cost.[C] instruct First-time contributors in citation.[D] increase the readership of new journals.39. What can be learned about Scopus from the last two paragraphs?[A] It Fosters competition among citation providers.[B] It has the capability to identify suspicious citations.[C] It hinders the growth of “international” journals.[D] It is established to prevent citation manipulation.40. What should an author do to deal with citation manipulators?[A] Take legal action.[B] Demand an apology.[C] Seek professional advice[D] Reveal their misconduct.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)46.AI can also be used to identify the lifestyles choices of customers regarding their hobbies, favorite celebrities, and fashions to provide unique content in marketing messages put out through social media.47.Some believe that AI is negatively impacting on the marketer's roleby reducing creativity and removing jobs,but they are aware that it is a way of reducing costs and creating new information.48.Algorithms used to simulate human interactions are creating many of those concerns,especially as no-one is quite sure what the outcomes of using AI to interact with customers will be.49.If customers are not willing to share data,AI will be starved of essential information and will not be able to function effectively or employ machine learning to improve its marketing content and communication.50.The non-intrusive delivery of the marketing message in a way that is sensitive to the needs of target customers is one of the critical challenges to the digital marketer.Section III WritingPart A51.Write a notice to recruit a student for Prof. Smith’s research project on campus sports activities. Specify the duties and requirements of the job.Write your answer about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name in the notice; use “Li Ming”instead.(10 points)Part B52.Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the picture below. In your essay you should1) describe the picture briefly,2) interpret the implied meaning, and3) give your comments.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)。
研究生入学考试英语科目题库
研究生入学考试英语科目题库一、单选题1. The conference will ________ for three days.A. take placeB. take chargeC. take partD. take time2. The problem is ________ difficult for me to solve.A. suchB. veryC. enoughD. so3. ________ twins are attending the party tonight.A. Jane's and Mary'sB. Jane and Mary'sC. Jane's and MaryD. Jane and Mary4. It's not too late, but he'd rather ________ to bed.A. goB. wentC. goesD. going5. I have ________ interest in this kind of movie.A. few B .many C. little D. much二、完形填空Passage 1I went to the supermarket one day to buy some food. I put the food in the basket, went to the till（收银台）and stood 1 the line to pay. There was a woman 2 me. She held a basket in her hand, too. I turned 3 and smiled at her. Suddenly, the woman held out her hand and took my wallet（钱包）from my bag. I 4 to run after her, but I was too slow as she jumped into ataxi（出租车）and 5 away. I went back to the supermarket and called the police. They 6 down all the information about me and the woman.After a few weeks of waiting, the police found the woman. They 7 arrested（逮捕）her and took me to the police station. There, they asked me to identify（辨认）her. I went into a small room where they had put many people. One person in the room looked 8 her, but I wasn't sure if 9 was her for sure. The woman saw me looking at her, and she laughed loudly. I knew it was her 10 her smile.6. A. on B. in C. from D. with7. A. surely B. fairly C. rarely D. nearly8. A. as B. to C. like D. after9. A. it B. he C. she D. they10. A. after B. before C. from D. with三、阅读理解Passage 1Water is very important for everyone. You need water every day. Your body is made up of about 65% water. Every day you lose some water from your body. You lose water by sweating（出汗）, breathing, and going to the toilet. So you need to drink water every day.Water is really important for your body. Why is it so important? Water is important because it helps you breathe. It also helps your blood carry food to different parts of your body. Water helps your body do many things. It helpskeep your body temperature（温度）normal. It also helps your body get rid of（去掉）things it does not need.How much water do you need? How much water a person needs is different. It is different because of how old you are, how much you exercise, where you live, how hot or cold it is, and if you have any illnesses.Many doctors say that you should drink at least 6 to 8 cups of water every day. That is about 1.5 liters of water. From the food you eat, you get about 1 liter of water. The other .5 liters you can drink. You can drink it from the tap（龙头）, in bottles, or from the different things you can drink, like juice and milk.11. What is the main ingredient（成分）in our body?A. Water.B. Blood.C. Sweat.D. Food.12. What does water help our body do according to the passage?A. Keep us warm.B. Help us sleep.C. Give us energy.D. Make us taller.13. How much water should people at least drink every day?A. 6 to 8 liters.B. 2 to 3 liters.C. 1 liter.D. 1.5 liters.14. From where can we get the other .5 liters of water?A. From the tap.B. From the juice.C. From the food we eat.D. From the bottles.15. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. Our body is made up of about 65% water.B. We lose water from our bodies every day.C. Water helps our body breathe.D. We don't need to drink water every day.。
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研究生英语考试
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2006级硕士研究生(B类)英语期末考试试题 (适用于30-53班) 时间: 150分钟 2007.7.7
Part I: Reading Comprehension 40% Directions: Read the following passages carefully and then select the best answer from the four choices given to answer the questions or to complete the statements that follow each passage. Write your answer on your Answer Sheet.
Passage One Most conceptions of the process of motivation begin with the assumption that behavior is, at least in part, directed towards the attainment of goals or towards the satisfaction of needs or motives. Accordingly, it is appropriate to begin our consideration of motivation in the work place by examining the motives for working. Simon points out that an organization should be able to secure the participation of a person by offering him inducements（引诱）which contribute in some way to at least one of his goals. The kinds of inducements offered by an organization are varied, and if they are effective in maintaining participation they must necessarily be based on the needs of the individuals.
Maslow examines in detail what these needs are. He points out not only that there are many needs ranging from basic physiological drives such as hunger to a more abstract desire for self-realization, but also that they are arranged in a hierarchy（等级制度）whereby the lower-order needs must to a large degree be satisfied before the higher-order ones come into play.
One of the most obvious ways in which work organizations attract and retain members is through the realization that economic factors are not the only inducement for working as indicated by Morse and Weiss. In line with the social respect and self-realization needs discussed by Maslow, factors such as associations with others, self-respect gained through the work, and a high interest value of the work can serve effectively to induce people to work.
1. According to Maslow, a work organization is able to motivate people to work by _______.
A. satisfying their physiological needs B. satisfying their self-realization needs C. satisfying hierarchy of their higher-order need D. first satisfying their lower-order needs
2. Lower-order needs concern a person's _______. A. essential physical needs C. self-realization B. self-respect D. working relationships with others
3. Which of the following is NOT a higher need that attracts people to work? A. Association with others. C. Interest value of the work. B. Possibility of earning a good salary . D. Cultivation of self-respect. 4
4. Which of the following statements may be supported by Morse and Weiss? A. Physiological needs are the most basic. B. There is a hierarchy of needs that must be met. C. Economic factors are the greatest inducement. D. Personal esteem and the gaining of power is the most important factor.
5. Simon points out that ________. A. the needs of individuals range from hunger to self-realization B. effective inducements must be based on what individuals want
C. economic factors are not the only inducement for working D. inducements must not be too varied
Passage Two According to sociologists, there are several different ways in which a person may become recognized as the leader of a social group. In the family, traditional cultural patterns confer leadership on one or both of the parents. In other cases, such as friendship groups, one or more persons may gradually emerge as leaders, although there is no formal process of selection. In larger groups, leaders are usually chosen formally through election or recruitment. Although leaders are often thought to be people with unusual personal ability, decades of research have failed to produce consistent evidence that there is any category of “natural leaders”. It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have in common; rather, virtually any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has qualities that meet the needs of that particular group. Research suggests that there are typically two different leadership roles that are held by different individuals. Instrumental leadership is leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks by a social group. Group members look to instrumental leaders to “get things done”. Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership that emphasizes the collective well beings of a social groups members. Expressive leaders are less concerned with the overall goals of the group than with providing emotional support to group members and attempting to minimize tension and conflict among them. Instrumental leaders are likely to have a rather secondary relationship to other group members. They give others and may discipline group members who inhibit（阻碍） attainment of the groups goals. Expressive leaders cultivate a more personal or primary relationship to others in the group. They offer sympathy when someone experiences difficulties and try to resolve issues that threaten to divide the group. As the difference in these two roles suggest, expressive leaders generally receive more personal affection from group members; instrumental leaders, if they are successful in promoting group goals, may enjoy a more distant respect.