英文商业计划书模板
商业计划书英文模板范文
商业计划书英文模板范文Business Plan Template1. Executive Summary- Overview of the business concept- Mission statement- Goals and objectives2. Company Description- Legal structure (sole proprietorship, partnership, corporation, etc.)- Brief history of the company- Products or services offered- Target market and customer base3. Market Analysis- Industry overview- Market size and growth potential- Competitors and competitive advantage- Customer demographics and behavior4. Marketing and Sales Strategy- Marketing plan- Pricing strategy- Distribution channels- Advertising and promotional strategies5. Organization and Management- Organizational structure- Key personnel and their roles- Board of directors or advisory board- Management team's qualifications and experience 6. Product or Service Line- Overview of products or services- Unique features and benefits- Product development plan (if applicable)- Intellectual property protection7. Financial Projections- Sales forecasts- Income statements- Cash flow projections- Break-even analysis- Balance sheet8. Funding Request- Amount of funding needed- How the funds will be used- Proposed repayment plan (if applicable)9. Risk Analysis- Identification of potential risks and challenges- Mitigation strategies- Contingency plans10. Conclusion- Summary of the business plan- Call to action- Contact informationNote: This is a general template for a business plan. Depending on the specific nature of your business, you may need to customize and tailor the sections accordingly.。
商业计划书模板(英文版)(doc 30页)-精品
BUSINESS PLAN TEMPLATEBUSINESS PLAN[My Company]123 Main StreetAnytown, USA 10000123-4567[Your Name][DATE]TABLE OF CONTENTSExecutive Summary (1)Management (2)[Company] History (4)[Product/Service] Description (6)Objectives (8)Competitors (10)Competitive Advantages (11)Innovation (13)Pricing (14)Specific Markets (15)Growth Strategy (16)Market Size and Share (17)Targeting New Markets (18)Location (19)Manufacturing Plan (19)Research & Development (20)Historical Financial Data (21)Proforma Financial Data (22)Proforma Balance Sheet (25)Cost Control (26)Effects of Loan or Investment (27)Attachments (27)Executive Summary[My Company] was formed as a [proprietorship, partnership, corporation] in [Month, Year] in [City, State], by [John Doe] in response to the following market conditions:[Startup, growth] opportunities exist in [Product/Service].The need for use of efficient distribution and financial methods in these overlooked markets.[I/We] have several customers who are willing to place large [orders,contracts] within the next three months.Several other prospective [customers/clients] have expressed serious interest in doing business within six months.[I/We] previously owned a company that was active in the widget markets. Over the past few years I spent much time studying ways to improve overall performance and increase profits. This plan is a result of that study.The basic components of this plan are:<Product>1. Competitive pricing2. Expand the markets3. Increased advertising4. Lower our unit costs,5. Thereby achieving higher profits.<Service>1. Sign contracts2. Increased advertising3. Increase office staffTo this end, [I/we] need investment from private individuals and/or companies. A total of $XXX is being raised which will be used to finance working capital, plant and equipment. The company will be incorporated and common stock issued to investors. The company will be run as a [proprietorship, partnership, corporation].Financial GoalsYear 1 Year 2 Year 3Sales $1,000,000 $1,400,000 $1,600,000Net Income $25,000 $250,000 $375,000Earnings per.01 .12 .14shareManagement[Name][Title][Experience]Sales growth from zero to $1,000,000 in five years.Led market in market share - 30%.Formulated advertising budgets & campaigns.Pioneered new distribution channels.Established national sales force.Established national repair & service centers.Brought new and innovative products to the market.Designed point-of-purchase materials.[Education}University of BostonBoston, MAB.A. - Computer SciencesShort BiographiesPresidentJohn Q. Doe, Chief Executive Officer, and Director since February 1988 and President since January 1990. Mr. Doe was the founder and Chief Executive Officer of the original operating company known as Random Excess, Inc. He has had experience in the widget field with his own firm, John Doe Co., of Oshkosh (Wisconsin), from 1980 to 1987. This firm was sold to FatCat Widgets, Inc. in 1987. Mr. Doe has held a sales position with U S West Inc. since then. Mr. Doe graduated from the University of Colorado in 1981 with a bachelor’s degree in philosophy. Mr. Doe is employed by the Company on a full-time basis.Chief Financial OfficerRichard Roe, CPA, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Director. Mr. Roe joined Random Excess, Inc. in December 1988 as a corporate controller and was named Chief Financial Officer in July 1989. Mr. Roe was appointed Treasurer and a Director in July 1990. He served as corporate controller of XYZ Lumber Company from August 1981 to December 1988. Mr. Roe graduated from Metropolitan State College in Denver, Colorado in 1976 with a bachelor’s degree in accounting. Since 1979 he has been licensed as a Certified Public Accountant in the State of Colorado and is a member of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Mr. Roe is employed by the Company on afull-time basis.Vice PresidentJoe Dokes, Secretary, Executive Vice President and Director. Mr. Dokes supervises the company’s sales and implementations to its largest corporate customers, including US West, Great West Life Insurance, etc. Mr. Dokes has served as Secretary and a Director since February 1988, Vice President of Operations from February 1988 to December 1988, President of the Company from December 1988 to January 1990 and Vice President of Contract Sales since January 1990. He has been involved since 1986 with the private company originally formed as Random Excess, Inc., where his duties included managing the purchasing and sales department. From November 1984 to May 1986 he managed the sales department at Integrated Management Systems, Inc. From June 1983 to October 1984 he was a buyer for Adams County, Colorado, School District 50. Mr. Dokes attended Oklahoma State University in 1980 and 1981 and Trinidad State College in Trinidad, Colorado in 1981 and 1982. He did not receive a degree from either university. Mr. Dokes is employed by the Company on a full-time basis.Vice PresidentSally Seaugh Vice President of Marketing. Ms. Seaugh has been the Company’s Vice President of Marketing since November 1988. From September 1986 to October 1988 she was involved in business development and marketing for United Bank of Aurora (Colorado). From February 1980 to August 1986 she was self-employed as an independent oil and gas landman. Ms. Seaugh graduated from the Unive rsity of Denver in 1974 with a bachelor’s degree in Education. She is employed by the Company on a full-time basis.ResponsibilitiesJohn Q. Doe, Chief Executive Officer - Responsible for entire operation. Oversees management function and all other executives.Salary - $60,000.Richard Roe, CPA, Chief Financial Officer - Responsible for financial operations, accounts payable, accounts receivable, interaction with auditors, investor relations. Salary - $40,000Joe Dokes, Executive Vice President - Responsible primarily for sales and sales support.Salary - $35,000Sally Seaugh Vice President of Marketing. Responsible for marketing, human resources and training. Salary - $30,000.Total Executive Compensation$165,000.[This Page is for an Organization Chart, if applicable.][Company] HistoryIn [Month, Year] [I/we] formed a [Product/Service] company that manufactured start-of-the-art complex widgetry. This company was located in [City, State]. [I/we] formed this company as a [proprietorship, partnership, corporation]. Others involved in this business were: [names].The main goal of this company was to [explain].Financing was arranged through [home equity loans, savings, venture capital, friends and family, etc.] [Explain terms, rates and ability to repay.]This venture was very successful in generating and increasing sales, but was not effective in achieving profitability. The main reason for this was the amount of actual overhead experienced. This overhead was not initially anticipated by me at the beginning of that venture. Items including credit checking, warranty program management, extensive travel, maintaining warehouse stock and the management and expense of a national sales force were expenses not originally forecast or expected. With this level of overhead, it was mathematically impossible to achieve profitability.or:This venture was very successful in generating and increasing sales, as well as effective in achieving profitability. This was due to the following reasons:[Reason 1}[Reason 2][Reason 3]OR:[My Company] was recently conceived and is still in the beginning stages. To this point the following has been accomplished:▪ A team consisting of [list names and primary responsibility. (i.e John Doe - Marketing) has been formed.▪ A prospective [customer/client] list has been drawn up.▪Strategy meetings are being held every Monday, Wednesday and Friday evenings.▪This business plan has been drawn up.[Now link the past to the future - why a former company will lead into this one or how your present company and history will lead into any future plans. A short paragraph should suffice.]We are now able to adequately address the markets we have targeted. We have adjusted our staff, redirected our advertising and sales force, and have added the products necessary to meet the needs and expectations of our customers.[Product/Service] Description[My Company] intends to offer [product/service]. This [product/service] offers our customers the best possible solution as it:<Product>▪Offers the lowest price on the market▪Is the most technically advanced▪Offers more useful features▪Saves them time and money▪Offers our users better value per dollar spent▪Provides an alternative way to achieve a similar task.<Service>▪Provides a service which is not presently available in this area.▪Is strengthened by a team with combined experience of XX years.▪Saves them time and money▪Provides an alternative, cost effective way for them to realize a similar goal.We have a [copyright, service mark, trademark] or [exclusive agency, marketing rights] for this [product/service]. This agency will last until XXX at which time it may be extended for XX years or terminated. This agency agreement is cancelable upon XX days written notice.<Product>The [product/service] has a useful life of XX years. To distribute this product so that it remains usable for our customers, we must use the following methods of storage and transportation:1. Overnight delivery2. Cold storage3. Incorporate preservatives4. Shipment within two weeks to distributors.5. Specially padded boxcars.Even though the technology used to create this product is new, we expect that others will be able to substantially reproduce our patented results within XX years. To remain on the leading edge of thisproduct, we will need to devote approximately XX% of revenues toward research and development. Also due to the fast changing nature of this industry, we will need to retrofit these machines within XX years at customer expense. Our manufacturing plan has considered this.<Service>[If general service to be offered is not obvious, such as carpet cleaning, sales rep, lawn care, consulting, etc. explain what service is. Then give a detailed description of your particular service and its uniqueness.]Short Examples:1. Our carpet cleaning machinery is state-of-the-art.2. Our consulting practice will address these specialized areas: [list]3. We will only rep these specific product lines. [list]Even though at this time our expertise is unique in the marketplace, we expect advances to be made and competitors to arise and offer similar services. We will meet this challenge by:1. Hiring staff specialized in these new areas.2. Increase our continuing education and training expense.3. Adding complementary lines.4. Make regular investments in new equipment.ObjectivesLong Term[My Company] believes very strongly in technical, financial, business and moral excellence. To secure a stable future for all those connected with [My Company] we have set the following long term goals:Present market is estimated at $XXX. Our goal for market share is XX%.We want to be considered by our peers to be the market leader in sales as evidenced by:Trade industry awardsHigh end of scale in financial ratiosMajor market shareTechnical excellence (awards, honors, etc.)Community involvement (Rotary, United Way, etc.)Short TermMarket share goals -1. First Year XX%2. Second Year XX%3. Third Year XX%4. Fourth Year XX%[Decrease, Maintain] costs through acquisition of new plant and equipment. Increase productivity by investing in employee training and education.1. Budget for complete computer training for appropriate applications.2. Set up, Maintain] employee benefit program for continuing college education.3. Budget for necessary seminars and/or continuing job-specific education.4. Maintain state-of-the-art accounting system for careful tracking.5. Monthly reports on financial status vis-a-vis the industry.6. Aggressive recruitment of the best technical staff in the industry.7. Support company involvement in various local and national charity events.CompetitorsNameAddressCity, StateStrengths:▪Location - next door to supplier factory, on major artery, close to terminal, etc.▪Pricing - Low cost producer, known for aggressive pricing policy.▪Delivery - ships overnight to anywhere in the world.▪Management - Everyone has an MBA from Harvard.Weaknesses▪Service - takes more than 3 months to receive spare parts.▪Dedication - If it’s sunny, they’re on the golf course or ski slope.▪Machinery - Slowly approaching obsolescence unless replaced within six months. ▪Overhead - Spend lavishly on corporate dining room, limousines and champagne.Competitive Advantages<Product>The distinctive competitive advantages which [My Company] brings to this market are:Experience in this market. [I/we] have XXX years of hands-on experience in this industry. Sophistication in finance and distribution. This results in my being the low cost supplier in these price sensitive markets.The philosophy of [My Company] is to price not just according to our costs, but also according to what the market will pay.Our targeted minimum gross profit margin for a category must be XX%.By pricing to the market, [I/we] will achieve higher sales and therefore increase my buying power. As the amounts of my purchases increase, my per unit costs of shipping decrease and [I/we] will achieve higher discount levels from my suppliers. Through these economies of scale, many items currently on the market can be sold with lower prices, yet a higher net profit.Product pricing will include a range of quantity discounts as well as an early payment discount. Rather than being strictly regional, [I/we] will expand into the national market.To control foreign exchange risks, [I/we] will monitor the markets and hedge accordingly. [I/we] will also use overseas bank accounts.With those companies with which [I/we] have established a relationship or are known to be financially secure, [I/we] will work on a pre-pay basis. This allows me greater discounts.A level and policy of Capitalization that will allow me to fully address the respective markets with comprehensive marketing and customer service plans.By keeping my overhead low, [I/we] will be able to funnel my profits back into operations thus avoiding high debt ratios or lost sales opportunities.A quarterly direct mail campaign directed at both current customers and prospective new customers consisting of an informative newsletter.A toll-free national 800 number will be used for customer orders and inquiries.[I/we] will print complete four-color catalogs on a yearly basis. Price lists will be updated as needed. [I/we] intend to be aggressive in trade magazine advertising.Consideration will also be given to attending trade shows around the country.With this level of capitalization, should an unexpected downturn occur, [I/we] will be able to continue operations on a positive scale.Innovation. [I/we] have a history of innovative ideas.[List your most meaningful ideas and any new ideas you have for the future.]<Service>The distinctive competitive advantages which [My Company] brings to this market are:Experience in this market. [I/we] have XX years of hands on experience in this industry. Sophistication in management and finance. We are able to run an efficient and lean structure, yet still provide quality service to our clients and customers.Because of the nature of this industry, we will be able to rent office space in more moderately priced buildings.As a unique service company, we will be able to keep our margins high, allowing us to provide internal financing for growth possibilities.A level and policy of Capitalization that will allow [me/us] to fully address the respective markets with comprehensive marketing and customer service plans.By keeping my overhead low, [I/we] will be able to funnel my profits back into operations thus avoiding high debt ratios or lost sales opportunities.Our initial marketing campaign will allow us to book a sufficient amount of business so that we can implement our telephone customer service support program.Innovation[I/we] have a history of innovative ideas.[List your most meaningful ideas and any new ideas you have for the future.]SummaryThrough [my,our] leadership, [I,we] will be able to reduce overhead as a percentage of sales thereby increasing the amount of profit to be retained in the business. Because of our pricing policy, more people will purchase our merchandise thus increasing the size of the market and we will be increasing our market share. What [My Company] proposes to use are just good solid business sense, economies of scale, and the use of efficient financial techniques. This will allow us the following options:▪increase service▪increase advertising▪reduce prices▪increase profits▪increase selection<Service>Through [my,our] leadership, [I,we] will be able to reduce overhead as a percentage of sales thereby ncreasing the amount of profit to be retained in the business. What [My Company] proposes to use are just good solid business sense, economies of scale, and the use of efficient financial techniques. This will allow us the following options:▪increase customer service▪increase advertising expenditures▪increase profits▪increase selection of services offeredThis plan will give us tremendous flexibility to use any of these options or a mix of them to effectively attack our target markets and meet our long term goals. This combination of experience, sophistication, capitalization and innovation will assist [My Company] as it strives to reach its sales, profit and return objectives.Pricing<Product>Before [I/we] set the price for my complex widgets, [I/we] determined on a unit basis what my costs were going to be. [I/we] then determined what the market price was for the normal widget. At this price it was determined that for all but the lowest sales projections, this product would turn a profit at this price. However, since our complex widgets offer additional features, we felt that we could price it approximately 50% above simple widgets.To test this price, we called a database of 50 large users of simple widgets. We first questioned them about the desirability of our extra features and then asked them directly if this price would be acceptable if such a product were available. We found that 75% of those polled would be interested in this product. Of this 75%, we received 10 firm orders representing approximately 30% of this group.OR:We have determined that the market price is $ XX per unit. This will equal a margin of XX%.OR:Our unit cost has been figured at $XX. We need a margin of XX% to pay our overhead and earn a sufficient profit. Therefore, our selling price will be $XX.<Service>Before [I/we] set the price for our [service], [I/we] forecast what our fixed monthly costs were going to be. [I/we] then determined what the market rate for comparable services were. At this rate it was determined that for all but the lowest billing projections, this [Service] would turn a profit at this rate.[Optional, if applicable]However, since our service is unique and demands a higher level of expertise, we felt that we should bill above other comparable rates.Specific MarketsMarket #1General History<Product>The first widget was introduced into the market in 1036. Widgets remained much as the original production until well into the 20th century when computer modeling showed that there could be some enhancements made to the basic widget. The market for widgets has been generally steady with market growth closely following the typical population growth. At this time there are approximately 1,500 companies worldwide making comparable simple widgets.<Service>Lawn care companies have enjoyed a period of steady growth over the past twenty years. This demand is due to many factors, not the least of which is the advance of lawn care technology. In our proposed marketing area, there are 25 lawn care services.Entry Strategy<Product>Our widget has been designed by the latest in computer aided design. We are able to manufacture our complex widgets on computer driven assembly lines using the latest in robotics manufacturing. This gives us a tremendous price advantage.We intend to market our complex widget through all the normal channels available to simple widgets. These include retail, wholesale, and OEM. To penetrate this market efficiently and swiftly, we intend to initially use commission sales representatives strategically located throughout the USA. We also will start a national advertising campaign targeting the end user in various national publications and on national TV commercials.Our sales representatives will be chosen based on their own experience in the marketplace. It is our intention to hire the best and the brightest among those currently available. Our marketing tests included many of the reps we initially would like to hire.<Service>Over the past few years, we have noticed an increase in demand for full lawn care services - not just grass cutting and snow removal. Our computerized office allows us to track our clients needs and schedule house calls on one hours notice.We intend to attack this market very aggressively through the use of:1. A pool of 10 telemarketers.2. House-to-house visits to neighbors of present clients.3. Advertisements in upscale magazines.4. Radio advertisements on weekends.5. Sales calls on real estate management companies.As we are offering a unique service, informing the public of our capabilities is of utmost importance.Growth Strategy<Product>After having successfully introduced the complex widget into the American market, our expansion will be in two separate areas: increasing sales in the USA and entering various foreign markets.After we have reached our first year sales goals, we intend to offer our sales reps the opportunity to sell our products exclusively by joining our company. We expect that a small percentage will desire to remain independent and these will have to be replaced with our own sales force. We intend to develop further sales reps from within by hiring and training them in our own sales methods. We will increase national advertising and begin targeting smaller accounts and specialty outlets. Additionally, we will conduct in house seminars for various OEM’s demonstrating how the inclusion of complex widgetry into their own products will increase the value of their products.<Service>After having successfully completed this entry phase into this market in the geographical are we have chosen, we will then expand our market by doing the following:1. Expand telemarketing pool to 20.2. Increase number of direct sales reps.3. Expand into neighboring cities.Market Size and ShareThe American market for [product/service] is estimated at $8 Billion annual sales based on data furnished by XYZ Survey. We estimate that we can achieve XX% market share within XX years. Marketing data for other markets is in the process of collection.Other MarketsUse the same format for additional markets.Targeting New MarketsTo continue our growth, we will be using the following methods to expand our markets and to increase our new areas of doing business:▪Customer contact - find out their needs▪Look for complementary products▪Trade shows▪World Trade Center “Network”▪U.S. Government trade leads▪State Government trade leads▪On-line computer prospecting and qualification (DIALOG, D&B, etc.)▪Market surveys▪Research & developmentLocationRETAIL EXAMPLE:This business will be operated at 123 Any Street. This location is desirable because:1. The traffic flow has been rated at high.2. The rent is below market3. The building has the necessary facilities to operate this business.4. The location is convenient for our customers.We are renting this building on a XX year lease. We will have renovations costing $XXX based upon three estimates. The building is zoned R-3, commercial use.OTHER SAMPLE:This business will be operated at 123 Any Street. This location is desirable because:1. The building is structurally compatible for our use.2. The rent is below market3. The building has the necessary facilities to operate this business.4. The location is convenient for our freight companies, suppliers, clients and employees.5. Possibility of expansion in the area.We are renting this building on a XX year lease. We will have renovations costing $XXX based upon three estimates. The building is zoned R-3, commercial use.Manufacturing PlanSAMPLE:We will be using a conventional assembly line method of construction of our complex widgets. Our main supplier of component parts will be DEF Manufacturing of Fort Lee, NJ. In the event that they are not able to ship according to our specifications our secondary supplier will be MNO Amalgamated located in Charlotte, NC. These parts will be shipped to us by motor freight.The actual machinery used in the production line will be manufactured by A&M Machine Tools of Arlington, Texas. They also will be doing maintenance under a service contract. This design of machine and assembly will allows us to produce 24 hours a day as the entire assembly process is fully automated with state-of- the-art robotics of American manufacture.With robotics our labor costs and therefore our production costs will be the lowest in the industry. To maintain our advantage we have established lines of communication with all of our potential machinery suppliers. Most importantly we have an ongoing relationship with several universities and are actively participating in various studies and experiments relating to production methods.These machines also incorporate quality checking by lasers. All products must come within XX% of specifications. Also, at regular intervals we will be using human inspection of products and machines. We do not anticipate generating any toxic materials at this time for these products. However, we will be closely monitoring all production to determine if any hazardous materials are being generated. We have contracted with an environmental engineering company to advise us on any possible problems as well as solutions including legal disposal of all hazardous wastes.We anticipate the following outlays for this capital equipment:A&M Machines $XXXService Contract $XXXResearch & DevelopmentSAMPLE:We have already spent a considerable amount of time in researching and developing our complex widgets. We have a very simple laboratory equipped with the basic research equipment we need. We have thus far been able to discover lighter materials and several cost cutting manufacturing methods. The largest achievement to date is the discovery of a water based lubricant that does not disintegrate in rainstorms. We have called this lubricant “H2Ocus-Pocus”.Presently our research is being supervised by our Technical Director, John Q. Public. He will continue in this capacity. Having been the researcher involved with all our activities to this point, he is well qualified to continue our research efforts.Our next research project will center around using this new lubricant in our manufacturing processes and testing of a new material that has come to our attention.To this point, our research has paid for itself as we have been keying on bringing this new product to market. However, now that we are becoming more experimental in our research efforts such a continued success ratio can not be maintained.We have been investigating several potential government (both state and federal) funding sources. Our present program of joint research with the local university has b=proven very beneficial.。
商业计划书-英文商业计划书通用模板
商业计划书－英文商业计划书通用模板Exeutive Summaras formed as ainin , bin response to the folloing market onditions:opportunities exist in . The need for use of effiient distribution and finanial methods in these overlooked markets.have several ustomers ho are illing to plae largeithin the next three months. Several other prospetivehave expressed serious interest in doing business ithin six months.previousl oned a pan that as ative in the idget markets. Over the past fe ears I spent muh time studing as to improve overall performane and inrease profits. This plan is a result of that stud. The basi ponents of this plan are:1. Competitive priing Expand the markets3. Inreased advertising4. Loer our unit osts,5. Thereb ahieving higher profits.1. Sign ontrats Inreased advertising3. Inrease offie staff To this end,need investment from private individuals andor panies. A total of $** is being raised hih ill be used to finane orking apital, plant and equipment. The pan ill be inorporated and mon stok issued to investors. The pan ill be run as a . Finanial Goals Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Sales $1,000,000 $1,400,000 $1,600,000 Net Ine$25,000 $250,000 $375,000 Earnings per share .01 .12 .14 Management Sales groth from zero to $1,000,000 in five ears. Led market in market share - 30%. Formulated advertising budgets ampaigns. Pioneered ne distribution hannels. Established national sales fore. Established national repair servie enters.6 7 8 9 10 11 Brought ne and innovative produts to the market. Designed point-of-purhase materials. Universit of Boston Boston, MA B.A. - Computer Sienes Short Biographies President John Q. Doe, Chief Exeutive Offier, and Diretorsine Februar88 and President sine Januar90. Mr. Doe as the founder and Chief Exeutive Offier of the original operating pan knon as Random Exess, In. He has had experiene in theidget field ith his on firm, John Doe Co., of Oshkosh ,from80 to87. This firm as sold to FatCat Widgets, In. in87. Mr. Doe has held a sales position ith U S West In. sine then. Mr. Doe graduated from the Universit of Colorado in81 ith a bahelor’s degree in philosoph. Mr. Doe is emploed b the Compan on a full-time basis. Chief Finanial Offier Rihard Roe, CPA, Chief Finanial Offier, Treasurer and Diretor. Mr. Roe joined Random Exess, In. in Deember88 as a orporate ontroller and as named Chief Finanial Offier in Jul89. Mr. Roe as appointed Treasurer and a Diretor in Jul90. He served as orporate ontroller of *YZ Lumber Compan from August81 toDeember88. Mr. Roe graduated from Metropolitan State College in De nver, Colorado in76 ith a bahelor’s degree in aounting. Sine79 he has been liensed as a Certified Publi Aountant in the State of Colorado and is a member of the AmerianInstitute of Certified Publi Aountants. Mr. Roe is emploed b the Compan on a full-time basis. Vie President Joe Dokes, Seretar, Exeutive Vie President and Diretor. Mr. Dokes supervises the pan’s sales and implementations to itslargest orporate ustomers, inluding US West, Great West Life Insurane, et. Mr. Dokes has served as Seretar and a Diretor sine Februar88, Vie President of Operations from Februar88 to Deember88, President of the Compan from Deember88 to Januar90 and Vie President of Contrat Sales sine Januar90. He has been involved sine86 ith the private pan originall formed as Random Exess, In., here his duties inluded managing the purhasing and sales department. From November84 to Ma86 he managed the sales department at Integrated Management Sstems, In. From June83 to Otober84 he as a buer for Adams Count, Colorado, Shool Distrit 50. Mr. Dokes attended Oklahoma State Universit in80 and81 and Trinidad State College in Trinidad, Colorado in81 and8He did not reeive a degree from either universit. Mr. Dokes is emploed b the Compan on a full-time basis. Vie President Sall Seaugh Vie President of Marketing. Ms. Seaugh has been the Compan’s Vie President of Marketingsine November88. From September86 to Otober88 she as involved in business development and marketing for United Bank of Aurora . From Februar80 to August86 she as self-emploed as an independent oil and gas landman. Ms. Seaugh graduated fromthe Universit of Denver in74 ith a bahelor’s degree in Eduation. She is emploed b the Compan on a full-time basis. Responsibilities John Q. Doe, Chief Exeutive Offier - Responsible for entire operation. Oversees management funtion and all other exeutives. Salar - $60,000. Rihard Roe, CPA, Chief Finanial Offier - Responsible for finanial operations, aounts p**ble, aounts reeivable, interation ith audi6 7 8 9 10 11 tors, investor relations. Salar - $40,000 Joe Dokes, Exeutive Vie President - Responsible primaril for sales and sales support. Salar - $35,000 Sall Seaugh Vie President of Marketing. Responsible for marketing, human resoures and training. Salar - $30,000. Total Exeutive Compensation $165,000.Histor Informed apan that manufatured start-of-the-art plex idgetr. This pan as loated in .formed this pan as a . Others involved in this business ere: . The main goal of this pan as to . Finaning as arrangedthroughThis venture as ver suessful in generating andinreasing sales, but as not effetive in ahieving profitabilit. The main reason for this as the amount of atual overhead experiened. This overhead as not initiall antiipated b me atthe beginning of that venture. Items inluding redit heking, arrant program management, extensive travel, maintaining arehouse stok and the management and expense of a national sales fore ere expenses not originall foreast or expeted. With this level of overhead, it as mathematiall impossible to ahieve profitabilit. or: This venture as ver suessful in generating and inreasing sales, as ell as effetive in ahieving profitabilit. This as due to the folloingreasons:OR:as reentl oneived and is still in the beginning stages. To this point the folloing has been aplishe d: § A team onsisting oflist has been dran up. § Strateg meetings are being held ever Monda, Wednesda and Frida evenings. § This business plan has been dran up.We are no able to adequatel address the markets e have targeted. We have adjusted our staff, redireted our advertising and sales fore, and have added the produts neessar to meet the needs and expetations of our ustomers.Desriptionintends to offer . Thisoffers our ustomers the best possible solution as it: § Offers the loest prie on the market § Is the most tehniall advaned § Offers more useful features § Saves them time and mone § Offers our users better value per dollar spent § Provides an alternative a to ahieve a similar task. § Provides a servie hih is not presentl available in this area. § Is strengthe ned b a team ith bined experiene of ** ears.§ Saves them time and mone § Provides an alternative, ost effetive a for them to realize a similar goal. We have aorfor this . This agen i6 7 8 9 10 11 ll last until ** at hih time it ma be extended for ** ears or terminated. This agen agreement is anelable upon ** das ritten notie. Thehas a useful life of ** ears. To distribute this produt so that it remains usable for our ustomers, e must use the folloing methods of storage and transportation:1. Overnight deliver Cold storage3. Inorporate preservatives4. Shipment ithin to eeks to distributors.5. Speiall padded boxars. Even though the tehnolog used to reate this produt is ne, e expet that others ill be able to substantiall reprodue our patented results ithin ** ears. To remain on the leading edge of this produt, e ill need to devote approximatel **% of revenues toard researh and development. Also due to the fast hanging nature of this industr, e ill need to retrofit these mahines ithin ** ears at ustomer expense. Our manufaturing plan has onsideredthis.Short Examples:1. Our arpet leaning mahiner is state-of-the-art. Our onsulting pratie ill address these speialized areas:3. We ill onl rep these speifi produt lines.Even though at this time our expertise is unique in the marketplae, e expet advanes to be made and petitors to arise and offer similar servies. We ill meet this hallengeb:1. Hiring staff speialized in these ne areas. Inrease our ontinuing eduation and training expense.3. Adding plementar lines.4. Make regular investments in ne equipment. Objetives Long Termbelieves ver strongl in tehnial, finanial, business and moral exellene. To seure a stable future for all those onneted ithe have set the folloing long term goals: Present market is estimated at $**. Our goal for market share is **%. We ant to be onsidered b our peers to be the market leader in sales as evidenedb: Trade industr **rds High end of sale in finanialratios Major market share Tehnial exellene Communit involvement Short Term Market share goals -1. First Year **% Seond Year **%3. Third Year **%4. Fourth Year **%osts through aquisition of ne plant and equipment. Inrease produtivit b investing in emploee training and eduation.1. Budget for plete puter training for appropriate appliations. Set up, Maintain] emploee benefit program for ontinuing ollege eduation.3. Budget for neessar seminars andor ontinuing job-speifi eduation.4. Maintain state-of-the-art aounting sstem for areful traking.5. Monthl reports on finanial status vis-a-vis the industr.6. Aggressive reruitment of the best tehnial staff in the industr.7. Support pan involvement in various loal and national harit events. Competitors Name Address Cit, State Strengths: § Loation - next door to supplier fator, on major arter, lo6 7 8 9 10 11 se to terminal, et. § Priing - Lo ost produer, knon for aggressive priing poli. § Deliver - ships overnight to anhere in the orld. § Management - Everone has an MBA from Harvard. Weaknesses § Servie - takes more than 3 months to reeive spare parts. § Dediation - If it’s sunn, the’re on the golf ourse or ski slope. § Mahiner - Slol approahing obsolesene unless replaed ithin six months. § Overhead - Spend lavishl on orporate dining room, limousines and hampagne. Competitive Advantages The distintive petitive advantages hihbrings to this market are: Experiene in thismarket.have ** ears of hands-on experiene in this industr. Sophistiation in finane and distribution. This results in m being the lo ost supplier in these prie sensitive markets. The philosoph ofis to prie not just aording to our osts, but also aording to hat the market ill pa. Our targeted minimum gross profit margin for a ategor must be **%. B priing to the market,ill ahieve higher sales and therefore inrease m buing poer. As the amounts of m purhases inrease, m per unit osts of shipping derease andill ahieve higher disount levels from m suppliers. Through these eonomies of sale, man itemsurrentl on the market an be sold ith loer pries, et a higher profit. Produt priing ill inlude a range of quantit disounts as ell as an earl pament disount. Rather than being stritl regional,ill expand into the national market. To ontrol foreign exhange risks,ill monitor the markets and hedge aordingl.ill also use overseas bank aounts. With those panies ith hihhave established a relationship or are knon to be finaniall seure,ill ork on a pre-pa basis. This allos me greater disounts. A level and poli of Capitalization that ill allo me to full address the respetive markets ith prehensive marketing and ustomer servie plans. B keeping m overheadlo,ill be able to funnel m profits bak into operations thus avoiding high debt ratios or lost sales opportunities. A quarterl diret mail ampaign direted at both urrent ustomersand prospetive ne ustomers onsisting of an informative nesletter. A toll-free national 800 number ill be used for ustomer orders and inquiries.ill print plete four-olor atalogs on a earl basis. Prie lists ill be updated as needed.intend to be aggressive in trade magazine advertising. Consideration ill also be given to attending trade shos around the ountr. With this level of apitalization, should an unexpeted donturn our,ill be able to ontinue operations on a positive sale. Innovation.have a histor of innovativeideas.The distintive petitive advantages hihbrings to this market are: Experiene in this market.have ** ears of hands on experiene in this industr. Sophistiation in management and finane. We are able to run an effiient and lean struture, et still provide qualit servie to our lients and ustomers. Beause of the nature of this6 7 8 9 10 11 industr, e ill be able to rent offie spae in more moderatel pried buildings. As a unique servie pan, e ill be able to keep our margins high, alloing us to provide internal finaning for groth possibilities. A level and poli of Capitalization that ill alloto full address the respetive markets ith prehensive marketing and ustomer servie plans. B keeping m overhead lo,ill be able to funnel m profits bakinto operations thus avoiding high debt ratios or lost sales opportunities. Our initial marketing ampaign ill allo us tobook a suffiient amount of business so that e an implementour telephone ustomer servie support program. Innovationhavea histor of innovative ideas.Summar Throughleadership,ill be able to redue overhead as a perentage of sales therebinreasing the amount of profit to be retained in the business. Beause of our priing poli, more people ill purhase our merhandise thus inreasing the size of the market and e ill be inreasing our market share. Whatproposes to use are just good solid business sense, eonomies of sale, and the use ofeffiient finanial tehniques. This ill allo us the folloing options: § inrease servie § inrease advertising § redue pries § inrease profits § inreas e seletion Throughleadership,ill be able to redue overhead as aperentage of sales thereb nreasing the amount of profit to be retained in the business. Whatproposes to use are just good solid business sense, eonomies of sale, and the use ofeffiient finanial tehniques. This ill allo us the folloing options: § inrease ustomer servie § inrease advertising expenditures § inrease profits § inrease seletion ofservies offered This plan ill give us tremendous flexibilitto use an of these options or a mix of them to effetivelattak our target markets and meet our long term goals. This bination of experiene, sophistiation, apitalization and innovation ill assistas it strives to reah its sales, profitand return objetives. Priing Beforeset the prie for m plex idgets,determined on a unit basis hat m osts ere going to be.then determined hat the market prie as for the normal idget. At this prie it as determined that for all but the loest sales projetions, this produt ould turn a profit atthis prie. Hoever, sine our plex idgets offer additional features, e felt that e ould prie it approximatel 50% above simple idgets. To test this prie, e alled a database of 50 large users of simple idgets. We first questioned them about the desirabilit of our extra features and then asked them diretl if this prie ould be aeptable if suh a produt ere available. We found that 75% of those polled ould be interested in this produt. Of this 75%, e reeived 10 firm orders representing approximatel 30% of this group. OR: We have determined that the market prie is $ ** per unit. This ill equal a margin of **%. OR: Our unit ost has been figured at $**. We need a margin of **% to pa our overhead and earn a suffiient profit. Therefore, our sellin6 7 8 9 10 11 g prie ill be $**. Beforeset the prie for our ,foreast hat our fixed monthl osts ere going to be.then determined hat the market rate for parable servies ere. At this rate it as determined that for all but the loest billing projetions, thisould turn a profit at this rate.Hoever, sine our servie is unique and demands a higher level of expertise,e felt that e should bill above other parable rates. Speifi Markets Market #1 General Histor The first idget as introdued into the market in 1036. Widgets remained muh as the original prodution until ell into the 20th entur hen puter modeling shoed that there ould be some enhanements made to the basi idget. The market for idgets has been generall stead ith market groth losel folloing the tpial population groth. At this time there are approximatel 1,500 panies orldide making parable simple idgets. Lan are panies have enjoed a period of stead groth over the past tent ears. This demand is due to man fators, not the least of hih is the advane of lan are tehnolog. In our proposed marketing area, there are 25 lan are servies. Entr Strateg Our idget has been designed b the latest in puter aided design. We are able to manufature our plex idgets on puter driven assembl lines using the latest in robotis manufaturing. This gives us a tremendous prie advantage. We intend to market our plex idget through all the normal hannels available to simple idgets. These inlude retail, holesale, and OEM. To penetrate this market effiientl and siftl, e intend to initiall use mission sales representatives strategiall loated throughout the USA. We also ill start a national advertising ampaign targeting the end user in various national publiations and on national TV merials. Our sales representatives ill be hosen based ontheir on experiene in the marketplae. It is our intention to hire the best and the brightest among those urrentl available. Our marketing tests inluded man of the reps e initiall ouldlike to hire. Over the past fe ears, e have notied an inrease in demand for full lan are servies - not just grass uttingand sno removal. Our puterized offie allos us to trak ourlients needs and shedule house alls on one hours notie. We intend to attak this market ver aggressivel through the use of:1. A pool of 10 telemarketers. House-to-house visits to neighbors of present lients.3. Advertisements in upsale magazines.4. Radio advertisements on eekends.5. Sales alls on real estate management panies. As e are offering a unique servie, informing the publi of ourapabilities is of utmost importane. Groth Strateg Afterhaving suessfull introdued the plex idget into the Amerian market, our expansion ill be in to separate areas: inreasing sales in the USA and entering various foreign markets. Aftere have reahed our first ear sales goals, e intend to offerour sales reps the opportunit to sell our produts exlusivel b joining our pan. We expet that a small perentage ill desireto remain independent and these ill have to be replaed6 7 8 9 10 11 ith our on sales fore. We intend to develop further sales reps from ithin b hiring and training them in our on sales methods. We ill inrease national advertising and begin targeting smaller aounts and speialt outlets. Additionall, e ill ondut in house seminars for various OEM’s demonstrating ho the inlusion of plex idgetr into their on produts ill inrease the value of their produts. After having suessfull pleted this entr phase into this market in the geographial are e have hosen, e ill then expand our market b doing the folloing:1. Expand telemarketing pool to 20. Inrease number of diret sales reps.3. Expand into neighboring ities. Market Size and Share The Amerian market foris estimated at $8 Billion annual sales based on data furnished b *YZ Surve. We estimate that e an ahieve **% market share ithin ** ears. Marketing data for other markets is in the proess of olletion. Other Markets Use the same format for additional markets. Targeting Ne Markets To ontinue our groth, e ill be using the folloing methods to expand our markets and to inrease our ne areas of doing business: § Customer ontat - find ou t their needs § Lookfor plementar produts § Trade shos § World Trade Center “Netork” § U.S. Government trade leads § State Government trade leads § On-line puter prospeting and qualifiation §Market surves § Researh development Loation RETAIL E*AMPLE: This business ill be operated at 123 An Street. This loation is desirable beause:1. The traffi flo has been rated at high. The rent is belo market3. The building has the neessar failities to operate this business.4. The loation is onvenient for our ustomers. We are renting this building on a ** ear lease. We ill have renovations osting $** based upon three estimates. The building is zoned R-3, merial use. OTHER SAMPLE: This business ill be operated at 123 An Street. This loation is desirable beause:1. The building is struturall patible for our use. The rent is belo market3. The building has theneessar failities to operate this business.4. The loation is onvenient for our freight panies, suppliers, lients and emploees.5. Possibilit of expansion in the area. We are renting this building on a ** ear lease. We ill have renovations osting $** based upon three estimates. The building is zoned R-3, merial use. Manufaturing Plan SAMPLE: We ill be using aonventional assembl line method of onstrution of our plex idgets. Our main supplier of ponent parts ill be DEF Manufaturing of Fort Lee, NJ. In the event that the are notable to ship aording to our speifiations our seondar supplierill be MNO Amalgamated loated in Charlotte, NC. These partsill be shipped to us b motor freight. The atual mahiner usedin the prodution line ill be manufatured b A M Mahine Toolsof Arlington, Texas. The also ill be doing maintenane under a servie ontrat. This design of mahine and assembl ill allos usto produe 24 hours a da as the entire assembl proess is full automated ith state-of- the-art robotis of Amerian manufature.6 7 8 9 10 11 With robotis our labor osts and therefore our prodution osts ill be the loest in the industr. Tomaintain our advantage e have established lines of muniationith all of our potential mahiner suppliers. Most importantl e have an ongoing relationship ith several universities and are ativel partiipating in various studies and experimentsrelating to prodution methods. These mahines also inorporate qualit heking b lasers. All produts must e ithin **% of speifiations. Also, at regular intervals e ill be using human inspetion of produts and mahines. We do not antiipategenerating an toxi materials at this time for these produts. Hoever, e ill be losel monitoring all prodution to determineif an hazardous materials are being generated. We haveontrated ith an environmental engineering pan to advise us on an possible problems as ell as solutions inluding legal disposal of all hazardous astes. We antiipate the folloing outlas for this apital equipment:A M Mahines $**Servie Contrat $** Researh Development SAMPLE: We have alread spent a onsiderable amount of time in researhing and developing our plex idgets. We have a ver simple laborator equipped ith the basi researh equipment e need. We have thus far been able to disover lighter materials and several ost utting manufaturing methods. The largest ahievement to date is the disover of a ater based lubriant that does not disintegrate in rainstorms. We have alled this lubriant “H2Ous-Pous”. Presentl our researh is being supervised b our Tehnial Diretor, John Q. Publi. He ill ontinue in this apait. Having been the researher involved ith all our ativities to this point, he is ell qualified to ontinue our researh efforts. Our next researh projet ill enter around using this ne lubriant in our manufaturing proesses and testing of a ne material that has e to our attention. To this point, our researh has paid for itself as e have been keing on bringing this ne produt to market. Hoever, no that e are being more experimental in our researh efforts suh a ontinued suess ratio an not be maintained. We have been investigating several potential government funding soures. Our present program of jointresearh ith the loal universit has b=proven ver benefiial. Historial Finanial Data See “Attahments”SAMPLE: Ine StatementBalane SheetAsset WorksheetRatio Analsis Finanial ratios are inluded for our onveniene. Finanial Standards We have also inluded finanial standards as piled b Dun Bradstreet and Robert Morris Assoiates. Proforma Finanial Data See “Attahments” Proforma Cash Flo Analsis SAMPLE: Assumptions: Cash Reeipts: Perentages as indiated. Rent: Building rental at $12square foot. Utilities: W6 7 8 9 10 11 ater, gas, seer, trash, eletri Telephone: Loal, long distane and ellular Salaries: Exeutives. Paroll: Hourl, non exeutive Withholding: Figured at ** %. Inventor: Freight-In: Offie Supplies: Postage: Advertising: Trade, magazine, diret mail, et. Professionals: Commissions: Figured at 10%. Insurane: Travel Entertainment: Researh:Misellaneous: State Taxes: **% Federal Taxes: **% Terms to ustomers: 210,n30 § Working apital - § Leasehold improvements - § Laborator equipment - Beakers, test tubes, petrie dishes - § Startup osts - legal fees, filing fees § Inve6 7 8 9 10 11 ntor -ra materials - § Deliver truks § Computer equipment - 15 Austin 48633 Winstations - These outlas ill enable us to operate at a level that ill allo us to meet our onservative sales goals for the first ear. Thisill also allo us to outright purhase these itemsrather than finane or lease them. Attahments:6 7 8 9 10 11。
用英文写商业计划书的格式
用英文写商业计划书的格式Business Plan Template.1. Executive Summary.This section briefly summarizes the key points of your business plan, including your company's mission, market opportunity, unique value proposition, financial projections, and key milestones. It should act as a teaser to whet the reader's appetite for more details.2. Company Description.In this section, provide a detailed overview of your company, including its legal structure (e.g., LLC, Corporation), industry classification, and location. Describe your company's mission, vision, and core values. Explain what your company does, who your target customers are, and how you differentiate yourself from competitors.3. Market Analysis.This section delves into the market opportunity foryour business. Include research on the target market's size, growth potential, and trends. Analyze your targetcustomers' needs, preferences, and buying behaviors.Identify your competitors and assess their market share, strengths, and weaknesses. Finally, explain how your business will capitalize on market opportunities and outcompete rivals.4. Organization and Management.In this section, introduce your team and explain their qualifications, expertise, and roles within the company. Describe the company's ownership structure and governance mechanisms. Explain how you plan to manage growth and expansion, including any plans for hiring additional staffor outsourcing.5. Products and Services.Detail your company's products or services, including their features, benefits, pricing strategies, and how they meet customer needs. Explain how your products or services differentiate from those of competitors and why customers would choose them. Provide any relevant intellectual property or patents your company holds.6. Marketing and Sales Strategy.In this section, outline your marketing and sales plans to attract and retain customers. Include strategies for market positioning, branding, advertising, promotion, and pricing. Explain how you will generate leads and convert them into sales. Describe your sales process, including any unique selling techniques or customer service strategies.7. Funding Request.If your business plan involves seeking funding from investors or lenders, this section should detail your financial needs and how the funds will be used. Include projections for income statements, cash flow statements,and balance sheets for the next three to five years.Explain how the requested funding will help achieve your business objectives and what the expected return on investment (ROI) is for investors.8. Financial Projections.Provide detailed financial projections for your business, including income statements, cash flow statements, and balance sheets for at least three years. These projections should be based on realistic assumptions and demonstrate your understanding of the financialimplications of your business plan. Include any key assumptions or risk factors that could affect yourfinancial projections.9. Appendices.Include any additional documents or materials that support your business plan, such as market research reports, competitive analysis, product brochures, or any relevant legal documents (e.g., patents, licenses).Remember that a business plan is a living document that should be updated regularly as your business grows and evolves. It should serve as a roadmap for guiding your company's strategy and operations and attracting investors or lenders. Take your time to craft a comprehensive and professional business plan that accurately reflects your company's vision and goals.。
商业计划书模板-英文版
BUSINESS PLAN TEMPLATEBUSINESS PLAN[My Company]123 Main StreetAnytown, USA 10000123-4567[Your Name][DATE]TABLE OF CONTENTSExecutive Summary (1)Management (2)[Company] History (5)[Product/Service] Description (7)Objectives (9)Competitors (10)Competitive Advantages (11)Innovation (13)Pricing (14)Specific Markets (15)Growth Strategy (16)Market Size and Share (17)Targeting New Markets (18)Location (19)Manufacturing Plan (20)Research & Development (21)Historical Financial Data (22)Proforma Financial Data (23)Proforma Balance Sheet (26)Cost Control (27)Effects of Loan or Investment (28)Attachments (29)Executive Summary[My Company] was formed as a [proprietorship, partnership, corporation] in [Month, Year] in [City, State], by [John Doe] in response to the following market conditions:[Startup, growth] opportunities exist in [Product/Service].The need for use of efficient distribution and financial methods in these overlooked markets.[I/We] have several customers who are willing to place large [orders,contracts] within the next three months.Several other prospective [customers/clients] have expressed serious interest in doing business within six months.[I/We] previously owned a company that was active in the widget markets. Over the past few years I spent much time studying ways to improve overall performance and increase profits. This plan is a result of that study.The basic components of this plan are:<Product>1. Competitive pricing2. Expand the markets3. Increased advertising4. Lower our unit costs,5. Thereby achieving higher profits.<Service>1. Sign contracts2. Increased advertising3. Increase office staffTo this end, [I/we] need investment from private individuals and/or companies. A total of $XXX is being raised which will be used to finance working capital, plant and equipment. The company willbe incorporated and common stock issued to investors. The company will be run as a [proprietorship, partnership, corporation].Financial GoalsYear 1 Year 2 Year 3Sales $1,000,000 $1,400,000 $1,600,000Net Income $25,000 $250,000 $375,000Earnings per.01 .12 .14shareManagement[Name][Title][Experience]Sales growth from zero to $1,000,000 in five years.Led market in marketshare - 30%.Formulated advertising budgets & campaigns.Pioneered new distribution channels.Established national sales force.Established national repair & service centers.Brought new and innovative products to the market.Designed point-of-purchase materials.[Education}University of BostonBoston, MAB.A. - Computer SciencesShort BiographiesPresidentJohn Q. Doe, Chief Executive Officer, and Director since February 1988 and President since January 1990. Mr. Doe was the founder and Chief Executive Officer of the original operating company known as Random Excess, Inc. He has had experience in the widget field with his own firm, JohnDoe Co., of Oshkosh (Wisconsin), from 1980 to 1987. This firm was sold to FatCat Widgets, Inc. in 1987. Mr. Doe has held a sales position with U S West Inc. since then. Mr. Doe graduated from the University of Colorado in 1981 with a bachelor’s deg ree in philosophy. Mr. Doe is employed by the Company on a full-time basis.Chief Financial OfficerRichard Roe, CPA, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Director. Mr. Roe joined Random Excess, Inc. in December 1988 as a corporate controller and was named Chief Financial Officer in July 1989. Mr. Roe was appointed Treasurer and a Director in July 1990. He served as corporate controller of XYZ Lumber Company from August 1981 to December 1988. Mr. Roe graduated from Metropolitan State College in Denver, Colorado in 1976 with a bachelor’s degree in accounting.Since 1979 he has been licensed as a Certified Public Accountant in the State of Colorado and is a member of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Mr. Roe is employed by the Company on a full-time basis.Vice PresidentJoe Dokes, Secretary, Executive Vice President and Director. Mr. Dokes supervises the company’s sales and implementations to its largest corporate customers, including US West, Great West Life Insurance, etc. Mr. Dokes has served as Secretary and a Director since February 1988, Vice President of Operations from February 1988 to December 1988, President of the Company from December 1988 to January 1990 and Vice President of Contract Sales since January 1990. He has been involved since 1986 with the private company originally formed as Random Excess, Inc., where his duties included managing the purchasing and sales department. From November 1984 to May 1986 he managed the sales department at Integrated Management Systems, Inc. From June 1983to October 1984 he was a buyer for Adams County, Colorado, School District 50. Mr. Dokes attended Oklahoma State University in 1980 and 1981 and Trinidad State College in Trinidad, Colorado in 1981 and 1982. He did not receive a degree from either university. Mr. Dokes is employed by the Company on a full-time basis.Vice PresidentSally Seaugh Vice President of Marketing. Ms. Seaugh has been the Company’s Vice President of Marketing since November 1988. From September 1986 to October 1988 she was involved in business development and marketing for United Bank of Aurora (Colorado). From February 1980 to August 1986 she was self-employed as an independent oil and gas landman. Ms. Seaugh graduated from the Universi ty of Denver in 1974 with a bachelor’s degree in Education. She is employed by the Company on a full-time basis.ResponsibilitiesJohn Q. Doe, Chief Executive Officer - Responsible for entire operation. Oversees management function and all other executives.Salary - $60,000.Richard Roe, CPA, Chief Financial Officer - Responsible for financial operations, accounts payable, accounts receivable, interaction with auditors, investor relations. Salary - $40,000Joe Dokes, Executive Vice President - Responsible primarily for sales and sales support.Salary - $35,000Sally Seaugh Vice President of Marketing. Responsible for marketing, human resources and training. Salary - $30,000.Total Executive Compensation $165,000.[This Page is for an Organization Chart, if applicable.][Company] HistoryIn [Month, Year] [I/we] formed a [Product/Service] company that manufactured start-of-the-art complex widgetry. This company was located in [City, State]. [I/we] formed this company as a [proprietorship, partnership, corporation]. Others involved in this business were: [names].The main goal of this company was to [explain].Financing was arranged through [home equity loans, savings, venture capital, friends and family, etc.] [Explain terms, rates and ability to repay.]This venture was very successful in generating and increasing sales, but was not effective in achieving profitability. The main reason for this was the amount of actual overhead experienced. This overhead was not initially anticipated by me at the beginning of that venture. Items including credit checking, warranty program management, extensive travel, maintaining warehouse stock and the management and expense of a national sales force were expenses not originally forecast or expected. With this level of overhead, it was mathematically impossible to achieve profitability. or:This venture was very successful in generating and increasing sales, as well as effective in achieving profitability. This was due to the following reasons:[Reason 1}[Reason 2][Reason 3]OR:[My Company] was recently conceived and is still in the beginning stages. To this point the following has been accomplished:▪ A team consisting of [list names and primary responsibility. (i.e John Doe - Marketing)has been formed.▪ A prospective [customer/client] list has been drawn up.▪Strategy meetings are being held every Monday, Wednesday and Friday evenings.▪This business plan has been drawn up.[Now link the past to the future - why a former company will lead into this one or how your present company and history will lead into any future plans. A short paragraph should suffice.]We are now able to adequately address the markets we have targeted. We have adjusted our staff, redirected our advertising and sales force, and have added the products necessary to meet the needs and expectations of our customers.[Product/Service] Description[My Company] intends to offer [product/service]. This [product/service] offers our customers the best possible solution as it:<Product>▪Offers the lowest price on the market▪Is the most technically advanced▪Offers more useful features▪Saves them time and money▪Offers our users better value per dollar spent▪Provides an alternative way to achieve a similar task.<Service>▪Provides a service which is not presently available in this area.▪Is strengthened by a team with combined experience of XX years.▪Saves them time and money▪Provides an alternative, cost effective way for them to realize a similar goal.We have a [copyright, service mark, trademark] or [exclusive agency, marketing rights] for this [product/service]. This agency will last until XXX at which time it may be extended for XX years or terminated. This agency agreement is cancelable upon XX days written notice.<Product>The [product/service] has a useful life of XX years. To distribute this product so that it remains usable for our customers, we must use the following methods of storage and transportation:1. Overnight delivery2. Cold storage3. Incorporate preservatives4. Shipment within two weeks to distributors.5. Specially padded boxcars.Even though the technology used to create this product is new, we expect that others will be able to substantially reproduce our patented results within XX years. To remain on the leading edge of this product, we will need to devote approximately XX% of revenues toward research and development. Also due to the fast changing nature of this industry, we will need to retrofit these machines within XX years at customer expense. Our manufacturing plan has considered this.<Service>[If general service to be offered is not obvious, such as carpet cleaning, sales rep, lawn care, consulting, etc. explain what service is. Then give a detailed description of your particular service and its uniqueness.]Short Examples:1. Our carpet cleaning machinery is state-of-the-art.2. Our consulting practice will address these specialized areas: [list]3. We will only rep these specific product lines. [list]Even though at this time our expertise is unique in the marketplace, we expect advances to be made and competitors to arise and offer similar services. We will meet this challenge by:1. Hiring staff specialized in these new areas.2. Increase our continuing education and training expense.3. Adding complementary lines.4. Make regular investments in new equipment.ObjectivesLong Term[My Company] believes very strongly in technical, financial, business and moral excellence. To secure a stable future for all those connected with [My Company] we have set the following long term goals:Present market is estimated at $XXX. Our goal for market share is XX%.We want to be considered by our peers to be the market leader in sales as evidenced by:Trade industry awardsHigh end of scale in financial ratiosMajor market shareTechnical excellence (awards, honors, etc.)Community involvement (Rotary, United Way, etc.)Short TermMarket share goals -1. First Year XX%2. Second Year XX%3. Third Year XX%4. Fourth Year XX%[Decrease, Maintain] costs through acquisition of new plant and equipment. Increase productivity by investing in employee training and education.1. Budget for complete computer training for appropriate applications.2. Set up, Maintain] employee benefit program for continuing college education.3. Budget for necessary seminars and/or continuing job-specific education.4. Maintain state-of-the-art accounting system for careful tracking.5. Monthly reports on financial status vis-a-vis the industry.6. Aggressive recruitment of the best technical staff in the industry.7. Support company involvement in various local and national charity events.8.CompetitorsNameAddressCity, StateStrengths:▪Location - next door to supplier factory, on major artery, close to terminal, etc.▪Pricing - Low cost producer, known for aggressive pricing policy.▪Delivery - ships overnight to anywhere in the world.▪Management - Everyone has an MBA from Harvard.Weaknesses▪Service - takes more than 3 months to receive spare parts.▪Dedication - If it’s sunny, they’re on the golf course or ski slope.▪Machinery - Slowly approaching obsolescence unless replaced within six months. ▪Overhead - Spend lavishly on corporate dining room, limousines and champagne.Competitive Advantages<Product>The distinctive competitive advantages which [My Company] brings to this market are:Experience in this market. [I/we] have XXX years of hands-on experience in this industry. Sophistication in finance and distribution. This results in my being the low cost supplier in these price sensitive markets.The philosophy of [My Company] is to price not just according to our costs, but also according to what the market will pay.Our targeted minimum gross profit margin for a category must be XX%.By pricing to the market, [I/we] will achieve higher sales and therefore increase my buying power. As the amounts of my purchases increase, my per unit costs of shipping decrease and [I/we] will achieve higher discount levels from my suppliers. Through these economies of scale, many items currently on the market can be sold with lower prices, yet a higher net profit.Product pricing will include a range of quantity discounts as well as an early payment discount. Rather than being strictly regional, [I/we] will expand into the national market.To control foreign exchange risks, [I/we] will monitor the markets and hedge accordingly. [I/we] will also use overseas bank accounts.With those companies with which [I/we] have established a relationship or are known to be financially secure, [I/we] will work on a pre-pay basis. This allows me greater discounts.A level and policy of Capitalization that will allow me to fully address the respective markets with comprehensive marketing and customer service plans.By keeping my overhead low, [I/we] will be able to funnel my profits back into operations thus avoiding high debt ratios or lost sales opportunities.A quarterly direct mail campaign directed at both current customers and prospective new customers consisting of an informative newsletter.A toll-free national 800 number will be used for customer orders and inquiries.[I/we] will print complete four-color catalogs on a yearly basis. Price lists will be updated as needed. [I/we] intend to be aggressive in trade magazine advertising.Consideration will also be given to attending trade shows around the country.With this level of capitalization, should an unexpected downturn occur, [I/we] will be able to continue operations on a positive scale.Innovation. [I/we] have a history of innovative ideas.[List your most meaningful ideas and any new ideas you have for the future.]<Service>The distinctive competitive advantages which [My Company] brings to this market are:Experience in this market. [I/we] have XX years of hands on experience in this industry. Sophistication in management and finance. We are able to run an efficient and lean structure, yet still provide quality service to our clients and customers.Because of the nature of this industry, we will be able to rent office space in more moderately priced buildings.As a unique service company, we will be able to keep our margins high, allowing us to provide internal financing for growth possibilities.A level and policy of Capitalization that will allow [me/us] to fully address the respective markets with comprehensive marketing and customer service plans.By keeping my overhead low, [I/we] will be able to funnel my profits back into operations thus avoiding high debt ratios or lost sales opportunities.Our initial marketing campaign will allow us to book a sufficient amount of business so that we can implement our telephone customer service support program.Innovation[I/we] have a history of innovative ideas.[List your most meaningful ideas and any new ideas you have for the future.]SummaryThrough [my,our] leadership, [I,we] will be able to reduce overhead as a percentage of sales thereby increasing the amount of profit to be retained in the business. Because of our pricing policy, more people will purchase our merchandise thus increasing the size of the market and we will be increasing our market share. What [My Company] proposes to use are just good solid business sense, economies of scale, and the use of efficient financial techniques. This will allow us the following options:▪increase service▪increase advertising▪reduce prices▪increase profits▪increase selection<Service>Through [my,our] leadership, [I,we] will be able to reduce overhead as a percentage of sales thereby ncreasing the amount of profit to be retained in the business. What [My Company] proposes to use are just good solid business sense, economies of scale, and the use of efficient financial techniques. This will allow us the following options:▪increase customer service▪increase advertising expenditures▪increase profits▪increase selection of services offeredThis plan will give us tremendous flexibility to use any of these options or a mix of them to effectively attack our target markets and meet our long term goals. This combination of experience, sophistication, capitalization and innovation will assist [My Company] as it strives to reach its sales, profit and return objectives.Pricing<Product>Before [I/we] set the price for my complex widgets, [I/we] determined on a unit basis what my costs were going to be. [I/we] then determined what the market price was for the normal widget. At this price it was determined that for all but the lowest sales projections, this product would turn a profit at this price. However, since our complex widgets offer additional features, we felt that we could price it approximately 50% above simple widgets.To test this price, we called a database of 50 large users of simple widgets. We first questioned them about the desirability of our extra features and then asked them directly if this price would be acceptable if such a product were available. We found that 75% of those polled would be interested in this product. Of this 75%, we received 10 firm orders representing approximately 30% of this group.OR:We have determined that the market price is $ XX per unit. This will equal a margin of XX%.OR:Our unit cost has been figured at $XX. We need a margin of XX% to pay our overhead and earn a sufficient profit. Therefore, our selling price will be $XX.<Service>Before [I/we] set the price for our [service], [I/we] forecast what our fixed monthly costs were going to be. [I/we] then determined what the market rate for comparable services were. At this rate it was determined that for all but the lowest billing projections, this [Service] would turn a profit at this rate.[Optional, if applicable]However, since our service is unique and demands a higher level of expertise, we felt that we should bill above other comparable rates.Specific MarketsMarket #1General History<Product>The first widget was introduced into the market in 1036. Widgets remained much as the original production until well into the 20th century when computer modeling showed that there could be some enhancements made to the basic widget. The market for widgets has been generally steady with market growth closely following the typical population growth. At this time there are approximately 1,500 companies worldwide making comparable simple widgets.<Service>Lawn care companies have enjoyed a period of steady growth over the past twenty years. This demand is due to many factors, not the least of which is the advance of lawn care technology. In our proposed marketing area, there are 25 lawn care services.Entry Strategy<Product>Our widget has been designed by the latest in computer aided design. We are able to manufacture our complex widgets on computer driven assembly lines using the latest in robotics manufacturing. This gives us a tremendous price advantage.We intend to market our complex widget through all the normal channels available to simple widgets. These include retail, wholesale, and OEM. To penetrate this market efficiently and swiftly, we intend to initially use commission sales representatives strategically located throughout the USA. We also will start a national advertising campaign targeting the end user in various national publications and on national TV commercials.Our sales representatives will be chosen based on their own experience in the marketplace. It is our intention to hire the best and the brightest among those currently available. Our marketing tests included many of the reps we initially would like to hire.<Service>Over the past few years, we have noticed an increase in demand for full lawn care services - not just grass cutting and snow removal. Our computerized office allows us to track our clients needs and schedule house calls on one hours notice.We intend to attack this market very aggressively through the use of:1. A pool of 10 telemarketers.2. House-to-house visits to neighbors of present clients.3. Advertisements in upscale magazines.4. Radio advertisements on weekends.5. Sales calls on real estate management companies.As we are offering a unique service, informing the public of our capabilities is of utmost importance.Growth Strategy<Product>After having successfully introduced the complex widget into the American market, our expansion will be in two separate areas: increasing sales in the USA and entering various foreign markets.After we have reached our first year sales goals, we intend to offer our sales reps the opportunity to sell our products exclusively by joining our company. We expect that a small percentage will desire to remain independent and these will have to be replaced with our own sales force. We intend to develop further sales reps from within by hiring and training them in our own sales methods. We will increase national advertising and begin targeting smaller accounts and specialty outlets. Additionally, we will conduct in house seminars for various OEM’s demonstrating how the inclusion of complex widgetry into their own products will increase the value of their products.<Service>After having successfully completed this entry phase into this market in the geographical are we have chosen, we will then expand our market by doing the following:1. Expand telemarketing pool to 20.2. Increase number of direct sales reps.3. Expand into neighboring cities.Market Size and ShareThe American market for [product/service] is estimated at $8 Billion annual sales based on data furnished by XYZ Survey. We estimate that we can achieve XX% market share within XX years. Marketing data for other markets is in the process of collection.Other MarketsUse the same format for additional markets.Targeting New MarketsTo continue our growth, we will be using the following methods to expand our markets and to increase our new areas of doing business:▪Customer contact - find out their needs▪Look for complementary products▪Trade shows▪World Trade Center “Network”▪U.S. Government trade leads▪State Government trade leads▪On-line computer prospecting and qualification (DIALOG, D&B, etc.)▪Market surveys▪Research & developmentLocationRETAIL EXAMPLE:This business will be operated at 123 Any Street. This location is desirable because:1. The traffic flow has been rated at high.2. The rent is below market3. The building has the necessary facilities to operate this business.4. The location is convenient for our customers.We are renting this building on a XX year lease. We will have renovations costing $XXX based upon three estimates. The building is zoned R-3, commercial use.OTHER SAMPLE:This business will be operated at 123 Any Street. This location is desirable because:1. The building is structurally compatible for our use.2. The rent is below market3. The building has the necessary facilities to operate this business.4. The location is convenient for our freight companies, suppliers, clients andemployees.5. Possibility of expansion in the area.We are renting this building on a XX year lease. We will have renovations costing $XXX based upon three estimates. The building is zoned R-3, commercial use.Manufacturing PlanSAMPLE:We will be using a conventional assembly line method of construction of our complex widgets. Our main supplier of component parts will be DEF Manufacturing of Fort Lee, NJ. In the event that they are not able to ship according to our specifications our secondary supplier will be MNO Amalgamated located in Charlotte, NC. These parts will be shipped to us by motor freight.The actual machinery used in the production line will be manufactured by A&M Machine Tools of Arlington, Texas. They also will be doing maintenance under a service contract. This design of machine and assembly will allows us to produce 24 hours a day as the entire assembly process isfully automated with state-of- the-art robotics of American manufacture.With robotics our labor costs and therefore our production costs will be the lowest in the industry. To maintain our advantage we have established lines of communication with all of our potential machinery suppliers. Most importantly we have an ongoing relationship with several universities and are actively participating in various studies and experiments relating to production methods.These machines also incorporate quality checking by lasers. All products must come within XX% of specifications. Also, at regular intervals we will be using human inspection of products and machines. We do not anticipate generating any toxic materials at this time for these products. However, we will be closely monitoring all production to determine if any hazardous materials are being generated.We have contracted with an environmental engineering company to advise us on any possible problems as well as solutions including legal disposal of all hazardous wastes.We anticipate the following outlays for this capital equipment:A&M Machines $XXXService Contract $XXXResearch & DevelopmentSAMPLE:We have already spent a considerable amount of time in researching and developing our complex widgets. We have a very simple laboratory equipped with the basic research equipment we need. We have thus far been able to discover lighter materials and several cost cutting manufacturing methods. The largest achievement to date is the discovery of a water based lubricant that does not disintegrate i n rainstorms. We have called this lubricant “H2Ocus-Pocus”.Presently our research is being supervised by our Technical Director, John Q. Public. He will continue in this capacity. Having been the researcher involved with all our activities to this point, he is well qualified to continue our research efforts.Our next research project will center around using this new lubricant in our manufacturing processes and testing of a new material that has come to our attention.To this point, our research has paid for itself as we have been keying on bringing this new product to market. However, now that we are becoming more experimental in our research efforts such a continued success ratio can not be maintained.We have been investigating several potential government (both state and federal) funding sources. Our present program of joint research with the local university has b=proven very beneficial.。
商业发展计划书模板-英文版
商业发展计划书模板-英文版1. Executive Summary3. Market Analysis4. Product or Service Offering5. Marketing and Sales StrategyOutline the marketing and sales strategies that will be implemented to promote the products or services. Include details about pricing, distribution channels, promotions, and advertising. Also, describe the sales process and the customer relationship management approach.6. Operations and ManagementProvide information about the operational aspects of the business, such as facilities, equipment, and technology. Describe the production or service delivery process and outline the key operational strategies.Additionally, introduce the management team and their relevant experience.7. Financial Projections8. Risk Analysis and MitigationIdentify potential risks and challenges that could affect the success of the business. Evaluate the likelihood and impact of each risk and propose strategies to mitigate them. This section should demonstrate that the business development plan has been carefully considered and includes contingency plans.9. Implementation PlanDevelop an implementation plan that outlines the steps and timeline for executing the business development strategies. Assign responsibilities, set milestones, and establish key performance indicators to track progress. This plan should serve as a roadmap for achieving the stated objectives.10. ConclusionSummarize the key points of the business development plan and emphasize the potential for success. Include any additional information that supports the feasibility and viability of the business. Round off the document by expressing confidence in the plan's ability to drive growth and profitability.。
商业计划书英文商业计划书通用模板
ÉÌÒµ¼Æ»®Êé£Ó¢ÎÄÉÌÒµ¼Æ»®ÊéͨÓÃÄ£°å(11)p;M Machines $XXXService Contract $XXXResearch & DevelopmentSAMPLE:We have already spent a considerable amount of time in researching and developing our complex widgets. We have a very simple laboratory equipped with the basic research equipment we need. We have thus far been able to discover lighter materials and several cost cutting manufacturing methods. The largest achievement to date is the discovery of a water based lubricant that does not disintegrate inr ainstorms. We have called this lubricant¡°H2Ocus-Pocus¡±.Presently our research is being supervised by our Technical Director, John Q. Public. He will continue in this capacity. Having been the researcher involved with all our activities to this point, he is well qualified to continue our research efforts.Our next research project will center around using this new lubricant in our manufacturing processes and testing of a new material that has come to our attention.To this point, our research has paid for itself as we have been keying on bringing this new product to market. However, now that we are becoming more experimental in our research efforts such a continued success ratio cannot be maintained.We have been investigating several potential government (both state and federal) funding sources. Our present program of joint research with the local university has b=proven very beneficial.Historical Financial DataSee¡°Attachments¡±[This discussion should include all facts pertaining to your financialstatements.]SAMPLE:Income Statement[Discuss both positive and negative aspects of your income statements. This is no time for trying to hide the facts.]Balance Sheet[Discuss both positive and negative aspects of your balance sheets. This is no time for trying to hide the facts.]Asset Worksheet[Discuss both positive and negative aspects of your assets. This is no time for trying to hide the facts.]Ratio AnalysisFinancial ratios are included for your convenience.Financial StandardsWe have also included financial standards as compiled by Dun & Bradstreet and Robert Morris Associates.Proforma Financial DataSee¡°Attachments¡±Proforma Cash FlowAnalysisSAMPLE:Assumptions:Cash Receipts: Percentages as indicated.Rent: Building rental at $12/square foot.Utilities: Water, gas, sewer, trash, electricTelephone: Local, long distance and cellularSalaries: Executives.Payroll: Hourly, non executiveWithholding: Figured atXX %.Inventory:Freight-In:Office Supplies:Postage:Advertising: Trade, magazine, direct mail, etc.Professionals:Commissions: Figured at 10%.Insurance:Travel & Entertainment:Research: [Ex。
英文商业计划书范文
英文商业计划书范文A Sample Business Plan。
Executive Summary。
The executive summary is the first section of abusiness plan and is typically the most important. It provides a concise overview of the entire plan and should capture the reader's attention and make them want to learn more. The executive summary should be written last, afterthe rest of the plan is complete.Company Description。
The company description provides an overview of the business and its goals. It should include the company's mission statement, a brief history of the business, and the products or services offered. This section should also highlight what sets the business apart from its competitors.Market Analysis。
The market analysis section should provide a detailed look at the industry and market in which the business operates. It should include information on the target market, including demographics, market size, and growth potential. This section should also analyze the competition and outline the business's competitive advantage.Organization and Management。
商业计划书模板英文版
商业计划书模板英文版BUSINESS PLAN TEMPLATEBUSINESS PLAN[My Company]123 Main StreetAnytown, USA 10000123-4567[Your Name][DATE]TABLE OF CONTENTSExecutive Summary (1)Management (2)[Company] History (5)[Product/Service] Description (7)Objectives (9)Competitors (10)Competitive Advantages (11)Innovation (13)Pricing (14)Specific Markets (15)Growth Strategy (16)Market Size and Share (17)Targeting New Markets (18)Location (19)Manufacturing Plan (20)Research & Development (21)Historical Financial Data (22)Proforma Financial Data (23)Proforma Balance Sheet (26)Cost Control (27)Effects of Loan or Investment (28)Attachments (29)Executive Summary[My Company] was formed as a [proprietorship, partnership, corporation] in [Month, Year] in [City, State], by [John Doe] in response to the following market conditions:[Startup, growth] opportunities exist in [Product/Service].The need for use of efficient distribution and financial methods in these overlooked markets.[I/We] have several customers who are willing to place large [orders,contracts] within the next three months.Several other prospective [customers/clients] have expressed serious interest in doing business within six months.[I/We] previously owned a company that was active in the widget markets. Over the past few years I spent much time studying ways to improve overall performance and increase profits. This plan is a result of that study.The basic components of this plan are:<Product>1. Competitive pricing2. Expand the markets3. Increased advertising4. Lower our unit costs,5. Thereby achieving higher profits.<Service>1. Sign contracts2. Increased advertising3. Increase office staffTo this end, [I/we] need investment from private individuals and/or companies. A total of $XXX is being raised which will be used to finance working capital, plant and equipment. The company will be incorporated and common stock issued to investors. The company will be run as a [proprietorship, partnership, corporation].Financial GoalsYear 1 Year 2 Year 3Sales $1,000,000 $1,400,000 $1,600,000Net Income $25,000 $250,000 $375,000Earnings per.01 .12 .14shareManagement[Name][Title][Experience]Sales growth from zero to $1,000,000 in five years.Led market in market share - 30%.Formulated advertising budgets & campaigns.Pioneered new distribution channels.Established national sales force.Established national repair & service centers.Brought new and innovative products to the market.Designed point-of-purchase materials.[Education}University of BostonBoston, MAB.A. - Computer SciencesShort BiographiesPresidentJohn Q. Doe, Chief Executive Officer, and Director since February 1988 and President since January 1990. Mr. Doe was the founder and Chief Executive Officer of the original operating company known as Random Excess, Inc. He has had experience in the widget field with his own firm, John Doe Co.,of Oshkosh (Wisconsin), from 1980 to 1987. This firm was sold to FatCat Widgets, Inc. in 1987. Mr. Doe has held a sales position with U S West Inc. since then. Mr. Doe graduated from the University of Color ado in 1981 with a bachelor’s degree in philosophy. Mr. Doe is employed by the Companyon a full-time basis.Chief Financial OfficerRichard Roe, CPA, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Director. Mr. Roe joined Random Excess, Inc. in December 1988 as a corporate controller and was named Chief Financial Officer in July 1989. Mr. Roe was appointed Treasurer and a Director in July 1990. He served as corporate controller of XYZ Lumber Company from August 1981 to December 1988. Mr. Roe graduated from Metropolitan State College in Denver, Colorado in 1976 with a bachelor’s degree in accounting. Since 1979 he has been licensed as a Certified Public Accountant in the State of Colorado and is a member of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Mr. Roe is employed by the Company on a full-time basis.Vice PresidentJoe Dokes, Secretary, Executive Vice President and Director. Mr. Dokes supervises the company’s sales and implementations to its largest corporate customers, including US West, Great West Life Insurance, etc. Mr. Dokes has served as Secretary and a Director since February 1988, Vice President of Operations from February 1988 to December 1988, President of the Company from December 1988 to January 1990 and Vice President of Contract Sales since January 1990. He has been involved since 1986 with the private company originally formed as Random Excess, Inc., where his duties included managing the purchasing and sales department. From November 1984 to May 1986 he managed the sales department at Integrated Management Systems, Inc. From June 1983 to October 1984 he was a buyer for Adams County, Colorado, School District 50. Mr. Dokes attended Oklahoma State University in 1980 and 1981 and Trinidad State College in Trinidad, Colorado in 1981 and 1982. He did not receive a degree from either university. Mr. Dokes is employed by the Company on a full-time basis.Vice PresidentSally Seaugh Vice President of Marketing. Ms. Seaugh has been the Company’s Vice President of Marketing since November 1988. From September 1986 to October 1988 she was involved in business development and marketing for United Bank of Aurora (Colorado). From February 1980 to August 1986 she was self-employed as an independent oil and gas landman. Ms. Seaugh graduated from the University of Denver in 1974 with a bachelor’s degree in Education. She is employed by the Company on a full-time basis.ResponsibilitiesJohn Q. Doe, Chief Executive Officer - Responsible for entire operation. Oversees management function and all other executives.Salary - $60,000.Richard Roe, CPA, Chief Financial Officer - Responsible for financial operations, accounts payable, accounts receivable, interaction with auditors, investor relations. Salary - $40,000Joe Dokes, Executive Vice President - Responsible primarily for sales and sales support.Salary - $35,000Sally Seaugh Vice President of Marketing. Responsible for marketing, human resources and training. Salary - $30,000.Total Executive Compensation $165,000.[This Page is for an Organization Chart, if applicable.][Company] HistoryIn [Month, Year] [I/we] formed a [Product/Service] company that manufactured start-of-the-art complex widgetry. This company was located in [City, State]. [I/we] formed this company as a [proprietorship, partnership, corporation]. Others involved in this business were: [names].The main goal of this company was to [explain].Financing was arranged through [home equity loans, savings, venture capital, friends and family, etc.] [Explain terms, rates and ability to repay.]This venture was very successful in generating and increasing sales, but was not effective in achieving profitability. The main reason for this was the amount of actual overhead experienced. This overhead was not initially anticipated by me at the beginning of that venture. Items including credit checking, warranty program management, extensive travel, maintaining warehouse stock and the management and expense of a national sales force were expenses not originally forecast or expected. With this level of overhead, it was mathematically impossible to achieve profitability. or:This venture was very successful in generating and increasing sales, as well as effective in achieving profitability. This was due to the following reasons:[Reason 1}[Reason 2][Reason 3]OR:[My Company] was recently conceived and is still in the beginning stages. To this point the following has been accomplished:▪ A team consisting of [list names and primary responsibility. (i.e John Doe - Marketing) has been formed.▪ A prospective [customer/client] list has been drawn up.▪Strategy meetings are being held every Monday, Wednesday and Friday evenings.▪This business plan has been drawn up.[Now link the past to the future - why a former company will lead into this one or how your present company and history will lead into any future plans. A short paragraph should suffice.]We are now able to adequately address the markets we have targeted. We have adjusted our staff, redirected our advertising and sales force, and have added the products necessary to meet the needs and expectations of our customers.[Product/Service] Description[My Company] intends to offer [product/service]. This [product/service] offers our customers the best possible solution as it:<Product>▪Offers the lowest price on the market▪Is the most technically advanced▪Offers more useful features▪Saves them time and money▪Offers our users better value per dollar spent▪Provides an alternative way to achieve a similar task.<Service>▪Provides a service which is not presently available in this area.▪Is strengthened by a team with combined experience of XX years.▪Saves them time and money▪Provides an alternative, cost effective way for them to realize a similar goal.We have a [copyright, service mark, trademark] or [exclusive agency, marketing rights] for this [product/service]. This agency will last until XXX at which time it may be extended for XX years or terminated. This agency agreement is cancelable upon XX days written notice.<Product>The [product/service] has a useful life of XX years. To distribute this product so that it remains usable for our customers, we must use the following methods of storage and transportation:1. Overnight delivery2. Cold storage3. Incorporate preservatives4. Shipment within two weeks to distributors.5. Specially padded boxcars.Even though the technology used to create this product is new, we expect that others will be able to substantially reproduce our patented results within XX years. To remain on the leading edge of this product, we will need to devote approximately XX% of revenues toward research and development. Also due to the fast changing nature of this industry, we will need to retrofit these machines within XX years at customer expense. Our manufacturing plan has considered this.<Service>[If general service to be offered is not obvious, such as carpet cleaning, sales rep, lawn care, consulting, etc. explain what service is. Then give a detailed description of your particular service and its uniqueness.]Short Examples:1. Our carpet cleaning machinery is state-of-the-art.2. Our consulting practice will address these specialized areas: [list]3. We will only rep these specific product lines. [list]Even though at this time our expertise is unique in the marketplace, we expect advances to be made and competitors to arise and offer similar services. We will meet this challenge by:1. Hiring staff specialized in these new areas.2. Increase our continuing education and training expense.3. Adding complementary lines.4. Make regular investments in new equipment.ObjectivesLong Term[My Company] believes very strongly in technical, financial, business and moral excellence. To secure a stable future for all those connected with [My Company] we have set the following long term goals:Present market is estimated at $XXX. Our goal for market share is XX%.We want to be considered by our peers to be the market leader in sales as evidenced by:Trade industry awardsHigh end of scale in financial ratiosMajor market shareTechnical excellence (awards, honors, etc.)Community involvement (Rotary, United Way, etc.)Short TermMarket share goals -1. First Year XX%2. Second Year XX%3. Third Year XX%4. Fourth Year XX%[Decrease, Maintain] costs through acquisition of new plant and equipment. Increase productivity by investing in employee training and education.1. Budget for complete computer training for appropriate applications.2. Set up, Maintain] employee benefit program for continuing college education.3. Budget for necessary seminars and/or continuing job-specific education.4. Maintain state-of-the-art accounting system for careful tracking.5. Monthly reports on financial status vis-a-vis the industry.6. Aggressive recruitment of the best technical staff in the industry.7. Support company involvement in various local and national charity events.8.CompetitorsNameAddressCity, StateStrengths:▪Location - next door to supplier factory, on major artery, close to terminal, etc.▪Pricing - Low cost producer, known for aggressive pricing policy.▪Delivery - ships overnight to anywhere in the world.▪Management - Everyone has an MBA from Harvard.Weaknesses▪Service - takes more than 3 months to receive spare parts.▪Dedication - If it’s sunny, they’re on the golf course or ski slope.▪Machinery - Slowly approaching obsolescence unless replaced within six months. ▪Overhead - Spend lavishly on corporate dining room, limousines and champagne.Competitive Advantages<Product>The distinctive competitive advantages which [My Company] brings to this market are:Experience in this market. [I/we] have XXX years of hands-on experience in this industry. Sophistication in finance and distribution. This results in my being the low cost supplier in these price sensitive markets.The philosophy of [My Company] is to price not just according to our costs, but also according to what the market will pay.Our targeted minimum gross profit margin for a category must be XX%.By pricing to the market, [I/we] will achieve higher sales and therefore increase my buying power. As the amounts of my purchases increase, my per unit costs of shipping decrease and [I/we] will achieve higher discount levels from my suppliers. Through these economies of scale, many items currently on the market can be sold with lower prices, yet a higher net profit.Product pricing will include a range of quantity discounts as well as an early payment discount. Rather than being strictly regional, [I/we] will expand into the national market.To control foreign exchange risks, [I/we] will monitor the markets and hedge accordingly. [I/we] will also use overseas bank accounts.With those companies with which [I/we] have established a relationship or are known to be financially secure, [I/we] will work on a pre-pay basis. This allows me greater discounts.A level and policy of Capitalization that will allow me to fully address the respective markets with comprehensive marketing and customer service plans.By keeping my overhead low, [I/we] will be able to funnel my profits back into operations thus avoiding high debt ratios or lost sales opportunities.A quarterly direct mail campaign directed at both current customers and prospective new customers consisting of an informative newsletter.A toll-free national 800 number will be used for customer orders and inquiries.[I/we] will print complete four-color catalogs on a yearly basis. Price lists will be updated as needed. [I/we] intend to be aggressive in trade magazine advertising.Consideration will also be given to attending trade shows around the country.With this level of capitalization, should an unexpected downturn occur, [I/we] will be able to continue operations on a positive scale.Innovation. [I/we] have a history of innovative ideas.[List your most meaningful ideas and any new ideas you have for the future.]<Service>The distinctive competitive advantages which [My Company] brings to this market are:Experience in this market. [I/we] have XX years of hands on experience in this industry. Sophistication in management and finance. We are able to run an efficient and lean structure, yet still provide quality service to our clients and customers.Because of the nature of this industry, we will be able to rent office space in more moderately priced buildings.As a unique service company, we will be able to keep our margins high, allowing us to provide internal financing for growth possibilities.A level and policy of Capitalization that will allow [me/us] to fully address the respective markets with comprehensive marketing and customer service plans.By keeping my overhead low, [I/we] will be able to funnel my profits back into operations thus avoiding high debt ratios or lost sales opportunities.Our initial marketing campaign will allow us to book a sufficient amount of business so that we can implement our telephone customer service support program.Innovation[I/we] have a history of innovative ideas.[List your most meaningful ideas and any new ideas you have for the future.]SummaryThrough [my,our] leadership, [I,we] will be able to reduce overhead as a percentage of sales thereby increasing the amount of profit to be retained in the business. Because of our pricing policy, more people will purchase our merchandise thus increasing the size of the market and we will be increasing our market share. What [My Company] proposes to use are just good solid business sense, economies of scale, and the use of efficient financial techniques. This will allow us the following options:▪increase service▪increase advertising▪reduce prices▪increase profits▪increase selection<Service>Through [my,our] leadership, [I,we] will be able to reduce overhead as a percentage of sales thereby ncreasing the amount of profit to be retained in the business. What [My Company] proposes to use are just good solid business sense, economies of scale, and the use of efficient financial techniques. This will allow us the following options:▪increase customer service▪increase advertising expenditures▪increase profits▪increase selection of services offeredThis plan will give us tremendous flexibility to use any of these options or a mix of them to effectively attack our target markets and meet our long term goals. This combination of experience, sophistication, capitalization and innovation will assist [My Company] as it strives to reach its sales, profit and return objectives.Pricing<Product>Before [I/we] set the price for my complex widgets, [I/we] determined on a unit basis what my costs were going to be. [I/we] then determined what the market price was for the normal widget. At this price it was determined that for all but the lowest sales projections, this product would turn a profit at this price. However, since our complex widgets offer additional features, we felt that we could price it approximately 50% above simple widgets.To test this price, we called a database of 50 large users of simple widgets. We first questioned them about the desirability of our extra features and then asked them directly if this price would be acceptable if such a product were available. We found that 75% of those polled would be interestedin this product. Of this 75%, we received 10 firm orders representing approximately 30% of this group.OR:We have determined that the market price is $ XX per unit. This will equal a margin of XX%.OR:Our unit cost has been figured at $XX. We need a margin of XX% to pay our overhead and earn a sufficient profit. Therefore, our selling price will be $XX.<Service>Before [I/we] set the price for our [service], [I/we] forecast what our fixed monthly costs were going to be. [I/we] then determined what the market rate for comparable services were. At this rate it was determined that for all but the lowest billing projections, this [Service] would turn a profit at this rate. [Optional, if applicable]However, since our service is unique and demands a higher level of expertise, we felt that we should bill above other comparable rates.Specific MarketsMarket #1General History<Product>The first widget was introduced into the market in 1036. Widgets remained much as the original production until well into the 20th century when computer modeling showed that there could be some enhancements made to the basic widget. The market for widgets has been generally steady with market growth closely following the typical population growth. At this time there are approximately 1,500 companies worldwide making comparable simple widgets.<Service>Lawn care companies have enjoyed a period of steady growth over the past twenty years. This demand is due to many factors, not the least of which is the advance of lawn care technology. In our proposed marketing area, there are 25 lawn care services.Entry Strategy<Product>Our widget has been designed by the latest in computer aided design. We are able to manufacture our complex widgets on computer driven assembly lines using the latest in robotics manufacturing. This gives us a tremendous price advantage.We intend to market our complex widget through all the normal channels available to simple widgets. These include retail, wholesale, and OEM. To penetrate this market efficiently and swiftly, we intend to initially use commission sales representatives strategically located throughout the USA. We also will start a national advertising campaign targeting the end user in various national publications and on national TV commercials.Our sales representatives will be chosen based on their own experience in the marketplace. It is our intention to hire the best and the brightest among those currently available. Our marketing tests included many of the reps we initially would like to hire.<Service>Over the past few years, we have noticed an increase in demand for full lawn care services - not just grass cutting and snow removal. Our computerized office allows us to track our clients needs and schedule house calls on one hours notice.We intend to attack this market very aggressively through the use of:1. A pool of 10 telemarketers.2. House-to-house visits to neighbors of present clients.3. Advertisements in upscale magazines.4. Radio advertisements on weekends.5. Sales calls on real estate management companies.As we are offering a unique service, informing the public of our capabilities is of utmost importance.Growth Strategy<Product>After having successfully introduced the complex widget into the American market, our expansion will be in two separate areas: increasing sales in the USA and entering various foreign markets.After we have reached our first year sales goals, we intend to offer our sales reps the opportunity to sell our products exclusively by joining our company. We expect that a small percentage will desire to remain independent and these will have to be replaced with our own sales force. We intend to develop further sales reps from within by hiring and training them in our own sales methods. We will increase national advertising and begin targeting smaller accounts and specialty outlets. Additionally, we will conduct in house seminars for various OEM’s demonstrating how the inclusion of complex widgetry into their own products will increase the value of their products.<Service>After having successfully completed this entry phase into this market in the geographical are we have chosen, we will then expand our market by doing the following:1. Expand telemarketing pool to 20.2. Increase number of direct sales reps.3. Expand into neighboring cities.Market Size and ShareThe American market for [product/service] is estimated at $8 Billion annual sales based on data furnished by XYZ Survey. We estimate that we can achieve XX% market share within XX years. Marketing data for other markets is in the process of collection.Other MarketsUse the same format for additional markets.Targeting New MarketsTo continue our growth, we will be using the following methods to expand our markets and to increase our new areas of doing business:▪Customer contact - find out their needs▪Look for complementary products▪Trade shows▪World Trade Center “Network”▪U.S. Government trade leads▪State Government trade leads▪On-line computer prospecting and qualification (DIALOG, D&B, etc.)▪Market surveys▪Research & developmentLocationRETAIL EXAMPLE:This business will be operated at 123 Any Street. This location is desirable because:1. The traffic flow has been rated at high.2. The rent is below market3. The building has the necessary facilities to operate this business.4. The location is convenient for our customers.We are renting this building on a XX year lease. We will have renovations costing $XXX based upon three estimates. The building is zoned R-3, commercial use.OTHER SAMPLE:This business will be operated at 123 Any Street. This location is desirable because:1. The building is structurally compatible for our use.2. The rent is below market3. The building has the necessary facilities to operate this business.4. The location is convenient for our freight companies, suppliers, clients and employees.5. Possibility of expansion in the area.We are renting this building on a XX year lease. We will have renovations costing $XXX based upon three estimates. The building is zoned R-3, commercial use.Manufacturing PlanSAMPLE:We will be using a conventional assembly line method of construction of our complex widgets. Our main supplier of component parts will be DEF Manufacturing of Fort Lee, NJ. In the event that they are not able to ship according to our specifications our secondary supplier will be MNO Amalgamated located in Charlotte, NC. These parts will be shipped to us by motor freight.The actual machinery used in the production line will be manufactured by A&M Machine Tools of Arlington, Texas. They also will be doing maintenance under a service contract. This design of machine and assembly will allows us to produce 24 hours a day as the entire assembly process is fully automated with state-of- the-art robotics of American manufacture.With robotics our labor costs and therefore our production costs will be the lowest in the industry. To maintain our advantage we have established lines of communication with all of our potential machinery suppliers. Most importantly we have an ongoing relationship with several universities and are actively participating in various studies and experiments relating to production methods.These machines also incorporate quality checking by lasers. All products must come within XX% of specifications. Also, at regular intervals we will be using human inspection of products and machines. We do not anticipate generating any toxic materials at this time for these products. However, we will be closely monitoring all production to determine if any hazardous materials are being generated. We have contracted with an environmental engineering company to advise us on any possible problems as well as solutions including legal disposal of all hazardous wastes.We anticipate the following outlays for this capital equipment:A&M Machines $XXXService Contract $XXXResearch & DevelopmentSAMPLE:We have already spent a considerable amount of time in researching and developing our complex widgets. We have a very simple laboratory equipped with the basic research equipment we need. We have thus far been able to discover lighter materials and several cost cutting manufacturing methods. The largest achievement to date is the discovery of a water based lubricant that does not disintegrate in rainstorms. We have called this lubricant “H2Ocus-Pocus”.Presently our research is being supervised by our Technical Director, John Q. Public. He will continue in this capacity. Having been the researcher involved with all our activities to this point, he is well qualified to continue our research efforts.Our next research project will center around using this new lubricant in our manufacturing processes and testing of a new material that has come to our attention.To this point, our research has paid for itself as we have been keying on bringing this new product to market. However, now that we are becoming more experimental in our research efforts such a continued success ratio can not be maintained.We have been investigating several potential government (both state and federal) funding sources. Our present program of joint research with the local university has b=proven very beneficial.。
(英文版)商业计划书标准模板
商业计划书模板---英文版BUSINESS PLAN TEMPLATEBUSINESS PLAN[My Company]123 Main StreetAnytown, USA 10000123-4567[Your Name][DATE]TABLE OF CONTENTSExecutive Summary ............................................................................................................错误！未定义书签。
Management .. (3)[Company] History (6)Objectives (10)Innovation (14)Pricing (15)Specific Markets (16)Location (20)Attachments (30)Management[Name][Title] To present a perfect Christmas party for everyoneTo present a perfect Christmas party for everyoneFirst of all,choose one or two principal is responsible for the supervision and guidance all at the party.Short BiographiesPresidentJohn Q. Doe, Chief Executive Officer, and Director since February 1988 and President since January 1990. Mr. Doe was the founder and Chief Executive Officer of the original operating company known as Random Excess, Inc. He has had experience in the widget field with his own firm, John Doe Co., of Oshkosh (Wisconsin), from 1980 to 1987. This firm was sold to FatCat Widgets, Inc. in 1987. Mr. Doe has held a sales position with U S West Inc. since then. Mr. Doe graduated from the University of Colorado in 1981 with a bachelor’s degree in philosophy. Mr. Doe is employed by the Company on a full-time basis.Chief Financial OfficerRichard Roe, CPA, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Director. Mr. Roe joined Random Excess, Inc. in December 1988 as a corporate controller and was named Chief Financial Officer in July 1989. Mr. Roe was appointed Treasurer and a Director in July 1990. He served as corporate controller of XYZ Lumber Company from August 1981 to December 1988. Mr. Roe graduated from Metropolitan State College in Denver, Colorado in 1976 with a bachelor’s degree in accounting. Since 1979 he has been licensed as a Certified Public Accountant in the State of Colorado and is a member of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Mr. Roe is employed by the Company on a full-time basis.Vice PresidentJoe Dokes, Secretary, Executive Vice President and Director. Mr. Dokes supervises the com pany’s sales and implementations to its largest corporate customers, including US West, Great West Life Insurance, etc. Mr. Dokes has served as Secretary and a Director since February 1988, Vice President of Operations from February 1988 to December 1988, President of the Company from December 1988 to January 1990 and Vice President of Contract Sales since January 1990. He has been involved since 1986 with the private company originally formed as Random Excess, Inc., where his duties included managing the purchasing and sales department. From November 1984 to May 1986 he managed the sales department at Integrated Management Systems, Inc. From June 1983 to October 1984 he was a buyer for Adams County, Colorado, School District 50. Mr. Dokes attended Oklahoma State University in 1980 and 1981 and Trinidad State College in Trinidad, Colorado in 1981 and 1982. He did not receive a degree from either university. Mr. Dokes is employed by the Company on a full-time basis.Vice PresidentSally Seaugh Vice Pr esident of Marketing. Ms. Seaugh has been the Company’s Vice President of Marketing since November 1988. From September 1986 to October 1988 she was involved in business development and marketing for United Bank of Aurora (Colorado). From February 1980 to August 1986 she was self-employed as an independent oil and gas landman. Ms. Seaugh graduated from the University of Denver in 1974 with a bachelor’s degree in Education. She is employed by the Company on a full-time basis.ResponsibilitiesJohn Q. Doe, Chief Executive Officer - Responsible for entire operation. Oversees management function and all other executives.Salary - $60,000.Richard Roe, CPA, Chief Financial Officer - Responsible for financial operations, accounts payable, accounts receivable, interaction with auditors, investor relations. Salary - $40,000Joe Dokes, Executive Vice President - Responsible primarily for sales and sales support.Salary - $35,000Sally Seaugh Vice President of Marketing. Responsible for marketing, human resources and training. Salary - $30,000.Total Executive Compensation $165,000.$165,000.[This Page is for an Organization Chart, if applicable.][Company] HistoryIn [Month, Year] [I/we] formed a [Product/Service] company that manufactured start-of-the-art complex widgetry. This company was located in [City, State]. [I/we] formed this company as a [proprietorship, partnership, corporation]. Others involved in this business were: [names].The main goal of this company was to [explain].Financing was arranged through [home equity loans, savings, venture capital, friends and family, etc.] [Explain terms, rates and ability to repay.]This venture was very successful in generating and increasing sales, but was not effective in achieving profitability. The main reason for this was the amount of actual overhead experienced. This overhead was not initially anticipated by me at the beginning of that venture. Items including credit checking, warranty program management, extensive travel, maintaining warehouse stock and the management and expense of a national sales force were expenses not originally forecast or expected. With this level of overhead, it was mathematically impossible to achieve profitability. or:This venture was very successful in generating and increasing sales, as well as effective in achieving profitability. This was due to the following reasons:[Reason 1}[Reason 2][Reason 3]OR:[My Company] was recently conceived and is still in the beginning stages. To this point the following has been accomplished:▪ A team consisting of [list names and primary responsibility. (i.e John Doe - Marketing) has been formed.▪ A prospective [customer/client] list has been drawn up.▪Strategy meetings are being held every Monday, Wednesday and Friday evenings.▪This business plan has been drawn up.[Now link the past to the future - why a former company will lead into this one or how your present company and history will lead into any future plans. A short paragraph should suffice.]We are now able to adequately address the markets we have targeted. We have adjusted our staff, redirected our advertising and sales force, and have added the products necessary to meet the needs and expectations of our customers.[Product/Service] Description[My Company] intends to offer [product/service]. This [product/service] offers our customers the best possible solution as it:<Product>▪Offers the lowest price on the market▪Is the most technically advanced▪Offers more useful features▪Saves them time and money▪Offers our users better value per dollar spent▪Provides an alternative way to achieve a similar task.<Service>▪Provides a service which is not presently available in this area.▪Is strengthened by a team with combined experience of XX years.▪Saves them time and money▪Provides an alternative, cost effective way for them to realize a similar goal.We have a [copyright, service mark, trademark] or [exclusive agency, marketing rights] for this [product/service]. This agency will last until XXX at which time it may be extended for XX years or terminated. This agency agreement is cancelable upon XX days written notice.<Product>The [product/service] has a useful life of XX years. To distribute this product so that it remains usable for our customers, we must use the following methods of storage and transportation:1. Overnight delivery2. Cold storage3. Incorporate preservatives4. Shipment within two weeks to distributors.5. Specially padded boxcars.Even though the technology used to create this product is new, we expect that others will be able to substantially reproduce our patented results within XX years. To remain on the leading edge of this product, we will need to devote approximately XX% of revenues toward research and development. Also due to the fast changing nature of this industry, we will need to retrofit these machines within XX years at customer expense. Our manufacturing plan has considered this.<Service>[If general service to be offered is not obvious, such as carpet cleaning, sales rep, lawn care, consulting, etc. explain what service is. Then give a detailed description of your particular service and its uniqueness.]Short Examples:1. Our carpet cleaning machinery is state-of-the-art.2. Our consulting practice will address these specialized areas: [list]3. We will only rep these specific product lines. [list]Even though at this time our expertise is unique in the marketplace, we expect advances to be made and competitors to arise and offer similar services. We will meet this challenge by:1. Hiring staff specialized in these new areas.2. Increase our continuing education and training expense.3. Adding complementary lines.4. Make regular investments in new equipment.ObjectivesLong Term[My Company] believes very strongly in technical, financial, business and moral excellence. To secure a stable future for all those connected with [My Company] we have set the following long term goals:Present market is estimated at $XXX. Our goal for market share is XX%.We want to be considered by our peers to be the market leader in sales as evidenced by:Trade industry awardsHigh end of scale in financial ratiosMajor market shareTechnical excellence (awards, honors, etc.)Community involvement (Rotary, United Way, etc.)Short TermMarket share goals -1. First Year XX%2. Second Year XX%3. Third Year XX%4. Fourth Year XX%[Decrease, Maintain] costs through acquisition of new plant and equipment. Increase productivity by investing in employee training and education.1. Budget for complete computer training for appropriate applications.2. Set up, Maintain] employee benefit program for continuing college education.3. Budget for necessary seminars and/or continuing job-specific education.4. Maintain state-of-the-art accounting system for careful tracking.5. Monthly reports on financial status vis-a-vis the industry.6. Aggressive recruitment of the best technical staff in the industry.7. Support company involvement in various local and national charity events.CompetitorsNameAddressCity, StateStrengths:▪Location - next door to supplier factory, on major artery, close to terminal, etc.▪Pricing - Low cost producer, known for aggressive pricing policy.▪Delivery - ships overnight to anywhere in the world.▪Management - Everyone has an MBA from Harvard.Weaknesses▪Service - takes more than 3 months to receive spare parts.▪Dedication - If it’s sunny, they’re on the golf course or ski slope.▪Machinery - Slowly approaching obsolescence unless replaced within six months. ▪Overhead - Spend lavishly on corporate dining room, limousines and champagne.Competitive Advantages<Product>The distinctive competitive advantages which [My Company] brings to this market are:Experience in this market. [I/we] have XXX years of hands-on experience in this industry. Sophistication in finance and distribution. This results in my being the low cost supplier in these price sensitive markets.The philosophy of [My Company] is to price not just according to our costs, but also according to what the market will pay.Our targeted minimum gross profit margin for a category must be XX%.By pricing to the market, [I/we] will achieve higher sales and therefore increase my buying power. As the amounts of my purchases increase, my per unit costs of shipping decrease and [I/we] will achieve higher discount levels from my suppliers. Through these economies of scale, many items currently on the market can be sold with lower prices, yet a higher net profit.Product pricing will include a range of quantity discounts as well as an early payment discount. Rather than being strictly regional, [I/we] will expand into the national market.To control foreign exchange risks, [I/we] will monitor the markets and hedge accordingly. [I/we] will also use overseas bank accounts.With those companies with which [I/we] have established a relationship or are known to be financially secure, [I/we] will work on a pre-pay basis. This allows me greater discounts.A level and policy of Capitalization that will allow me to fully address the respective markets with comprehensive marketing and customer service plans.By keeping my overhead low, [I/we] will be able to funnel my profits back into operations thus avoiding high debt ratios or lost sales opportunities.A quarterly direct mail campaign directed at both current customers and prospective new customers consisting of an informative newsletter.A toll-free national 800 number will be used for customer orders and inquiries.[I/we] will print complete four-color catalogs on a yearly basis. Price lists will be updated as needed. [I/we] intend to be aggressive in trade magazine advertising.Consideration will also be given to attending trade shows around the country.With this level of capitalization, should an unexpected downturn occur, [I/we] will be able to continue operations on a positive scale.Innovation. [I/we] have a history of innovative ideas.[List your most meaningful ideas and any new ideas you have for the future.]<Service>The distinctive competitive advantages which [My Company] brings to this market are:Experience in this market. [I/we] have XX years of hands on experience in this industry. Sophistication in management and finance. We are able to run an efficient and lean structure, yet still provide quality service to our clients and customers.Because of the nature of this industry, we will be able to rent office space in more moderately priced buildings.As a unique service company, we will be able to keep our margins high, allowing us to provide internal financing for growth possibilities.A level and policy of Capitalization that will allow [me/us] to fully address the respective markets with comprehensive marketing and customer service plans.By keeping my overhead low, [I/we] will be able to funnel my profits back into operations thus avoiding high debt ratios or lost sales opportunities.Our initial marketing campaign will allow us to book a sufficient amount of business so that we can implement our telephone customer service support program.Innovation[I/we] have a history of innovative ideas.[List your most meaningful ideas and any new ideas you have for the future.] SummarySummaryThrough [my,our] leadership, [I,we] will be able to reduce overhead as a percentage of sales thereby increasing the amount of profit to be retained in the business. Because of our pricing policy, more people will purchase our merchandise thus increasing the size of the market and we will be increasing our market share. What [My Company] proposes to use are just good solid business sense, economies of scale, and the use of efficient financial techniques. This will allow us the following options:▪increase service▪increase advertising▪reduce prices▪increase profits▪increase selection<Service>Through [my,our] leadership, [I,we] will be able to reduce overhead as a percentage of sales thereby ncreasing the amount of profit to be retained in the business. What [My Company] proposes to use are just good solid business sense, economies of scale, and the use of efficient financial techniques. This will allow us the following options:▪increase customer service▪increase advertising expenditures▪increase profits▪increase selection of services offeredThis plan will give us tremendous flexibility to use any of these options or a mix of them to effectively attack our target markets and meet our long term goals. This combination of experience, sophistication, capitalization and innovation will assist [My Company] as it strives to reach its sales, profit and return objectives.Pricing<Product>Before [I/we] set the price for my complex widgets, [I/we] determined on a unit basis what my costs were going to be. [I/we] then determined what the market price was for the normal widget. At this price it was determined that for all but the lowest sales projections, this product would turn a profit at this price. However, since our complex widgets offer additional features, we felt that we could price it approximately 50% above simple widgets.To test this price, we called a database of 50 large users of simple widgets. We first questioned them about the desirability of our extra features and then asked them directly if this price would be acceptable if such a product were available. We found that 75% of those polled would be interestedin this product. Of this 75%, we received 10 firm orders representing approximately 30% of this group.OR:We have determined that the market price is $ XX per unit. This will equal a margin of XX%.OR:Our unit cost has been figured at $XX. We need a margin of XX% to pay our overhead and earn a sufficient profit. Therefore, our selling price will be $XX.<Service>Before [I/we] set the price for our [service], [I/we] forecast what our fixed monthly costs were going to be. [I/we] then determined what the market rate for comparable services were. At this rate it was determined that for all but the lowest billing projections, this [Service] would turn a profit at this rate. [Optional, if applicable]However, since our service is unique and demands a higher level of expertise, we felt that we should bill above other comparable rates.Specific MarketsMarket #1General History<Product>The first widget was introduced into the market in 1036. Widgets remained much as the original production until well into the 20th century when computer modeling showed that there could be some enhancements made to the basic widget. The market for widgets has been generally steady with market growth closely following the typical population growth. At this time there are approximately 1,500 companies worldwide making comparable simple widgets.<Service>Lawn care companies have enjoyed a period of steady growth over the past twenty years. This demand is due to many factors, not the least of which is the advance of lawn care technology. In our proposed marketing area, there are 25 lawn care services.Entry Strategy<Product>Our widget has been designed by the latest in computer aided design. We are able to manufacture our complex widgets on computer driven assembly lines using the latest in robotics manufacturing. This gives us a tremendous price advantage.We intend to market our complex widget through all the normal channels available to simple widgets. These include retail, wholesale, and OEM. To penetrate this market efficiently and swiftly, we intend to initially use commission sales representatives strategically located throughout the USA. We also will start a national advertising campaign targeting the end user in various national publications and on national TV commercials.Our sales representatives will be chosen based on their own experience in the marketplace. It is our intention to hire the best and the brightest among those currently available. Our marketing tests included many of the reps we initially would like to hire.<Service>Over the past few years, we have noticed an increase in demand for full lawn care services - not just grass cutting and snow removal. Our computerized office allows us to track our clients needs and schedule house calls on one hours notice.We intend to attack this market very aggressively through the use of:1. A pool of 10 telemarketers.2. House-to-house visits to neighbors of present clients.3. Advertisements in upscale magazines.4. Radio advertisements on weekends.5. Sales calls on real estate management companies.As we are offering a unique service, informing the public of our capabilities is of utmost importance.Growth Strategy<Product>After having successfully introduced the complex widget into the American market, our expansion will be in two separate areas: increasing sales in the USA and entering various foreign markets.After we have reached our first year sales goals, we intend to offer our sales reps the opportunity to sell our products exclusively by joining our company. We expect that a small percentage will desire to remain independent and these will have to be replaced with our own sales force. We intend to develop further sales reps from within by hiring and training them in our own sales methods. We will increase national advertising and begin targeting smaller accounts and specialty outlets. Additionally, we will conduct in house seminars for various OEM’s demonstrating h ow the inclusion of complex widgetry into their own products will increase the value of their products.<Service>After having successfully completed this entry phase into this market in the geographical are we have chosen, we will then expand our market by doing the following:1. Expand telemarketing pool to 20.2. Increase number of direct sales reps.3. Expand into neighboring cities.Market Size and ShareThe American market for [product/service] is estimated at $8 Billion annual sales based on data furnished by XYZ Survey. We estimate that we can achieve XX% market share within XX years. Marketing data for other markets is in the process of collection.Other MarketsUse the same format for additional markets.Targeting New MarketsTo continue our growth, we will be using the following methods to expand our markets and to increase our new areas of doing business:▪Customer contact - find out their needs▪Look for complementary products▪Trade shows▪World Trade Center “Network”▪U.S. Government trade leads▪State Government trade leads▪On-line computer prospecting and qualification (DIALOG, D&B, etc.)▪Market surveys▪Research & developmentLocationRETAIL EXAMPLE:This business will be operated at 123 Any Street. This location is desirable because:1. The traffic flow has been rated at high.2. The rent is below market3. The building has the necessary facilities to operate this business.4. The location is convenient for our customers.We are renting this building on a XX year lease. We will have renovations costing $XXX based upon three estimates. The building is zoned R-3, commercial use.OTHER SAMPLE:This business will be operated at 123 Any Street. This location is desirable because:1. The building is structurally compatible for our use.2. The rent is below market3. The building has the necessary facilities to operate this business.4. The location is convenient for our freight companies, suppliers, clients and employees.5. Possibility of expansion in the area.We are renting this building on a XX year lease. We will have renovations costing $XXX based upon three estimates. The building is zoned R-3, commercial use.Manufacturing PlanSAMPLE:We will be using a conventional assembly line method of construction of our complex widgets. Our main supplier of component parts will be DEF Manufacturing of Fort Lee, NJ. In the event that they are not able to ship according to our specifications our secondary supplier will be MNO Amalgamated located in Charlotte, NC. These parts will be shipped to us by motor freight.The actual machinery used in the production line will be manufactured by A&M Machine Tools of Arlington, Texas. They also will be doing maintenance under a service contract. This design of machine and assembly will allows us to produce 24 hours a day as the entire assembly process is fully automated with state-of- the-art robotics of American manufacture.With robotics our labor costs and therefore our production costs will be the lowest in the industry. To maintain our advantage we have established lines of communication with all of our potential machinery suppliers. Most importantly we have an ongoing relationship with several universities and are actively participating in various studies and experiments relating to production methods.These machines also incorporate quality checking by lasers. All products must come within XX% of specifications. Also, at regular intervals we will be using human inspection of products and machines. We do not anticipate generating any toxic materials at this time for these products. However, we will be closely monitoring all production to determine if any hazardous materials are being generated. We have contracted with an environmental engineering company to advise us on any possible problems as well as solutions including legal disposal of all hazardous wastes.We anticipate the following outlays for this capital equipment:A&M Machines $XXXService Contract $XXXResearch & DevelopmentSAMPLE:We have already spent a considerable amount of time in researching and developing our complex widgets. We have a very simple laboratory equipped with the basic research equipment we need. We have thus far been able to discover lighter materials and several cost cutting manufacturing methods. The largest achievement to date is the discovery of a water based lubricant that does not disintegrate in rainstorms. We have called this lubricant “H2Ocus-Pocus”.Presently our research is being supervised by our Technical Director, John Q. Public. He will continue in this capacity. Having been the researcher involved with all our activities to this point, he is well qualified to continue our research efforts.Our next research project will center around using this new lubricant in our manufacturing processes and testing of a new material that has come to our attention.To this point, our research has paid for itself as we have been keying on bringing this new product to market. However, now that we are becoming more experimental in our research efforts such a continued success ratio can not be maintained.We have been investigating several potential government (both state and federal) funding sources. Our present program of joint research with the local university has b=proven very beneficial.See “Attachments”[This discussion should include all facts pertaining to your financial statements.]SAMPLE:Income Statement[Discuss both positive and negative aspects of your income statements. This is no time for trying to hide the facts.]Balance Sheet[Discuss both positive and negative aspects of your balance sheets. This is no time for trying to hide the facts.]Asset Worksheet[Discuss both positive and negative aspects of your assets. This is no time for trying to hide the facts.]Ratio AnalysisFinancial ratios are included for your convenience.Financial StandardsWe have also included financial standards as compiled by Dun & Bradstreet and Robert Morris Associates.See “Attachments”Proforma Cash Flow AnalysisSAMPLE:Assumptions:Cash Receipts: Percentages as indicated.Rent: Building rental at $12/square foot. Utilities: Water, gas, sewer, trash, electric Telephone: Local, long distance and cellular Salaries: Executives.Payroll: Hourly, non executive Withholding: Figured at XX %.Inventory:Freight-In:Office Supplies:Postage:Advertising: Trade, magazine, direct mail, etc. Professionals:Commissions: F igured at 10%.Insurance:Travel & Entertainment:Research: [Explanation]Miscellaneous:State Taxes: XX%Federal Taxes XX%Terms to customers: 2/10, n/30 (only to qualified accounts). Terms from suppliers: Suppliers offers 3% cash discount.。
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英语商业计划书（ Business Plan ） 第一讲：概述 第二讲：现状分析 第三讲：目标确定 第四讲：组织结构 第五讲：产品分析 第六讲：市场分析 第七讲：市场策略 第八讲：生产分析 第九讲：财务分析 第十讲：附件 summary) 第一讲：概述(executive 概述是整个商业计划的第一部分，相当于整个商业计划的浓缩，使整个商业计划的精华所在。一般将概述放在最后书写，页数应控制在 概述应包括的基本内容有： 企业的宗旨，例如：Corporation was In 2007, ABC a point ABC Corporation isat Now,
背景介绍，例如： … haveyears peopleFor many industrythe todayThe condition of 产品或服务及市场竞争情况，例如：haveWe just completed the developmenttool constructionand proprietaryproducts,competitiveCompared to
企业目标，例如：time, is to objective,Our at this marketprominent position. Wea suitableinCorporation will be offeringinitialexpansion, an public …we goal thisTo accomplish
管理团队和管理组织，例如consistsmanagementOur team ofconsistbackgroundsWhose 市场策略，例如： 页以内to..createwherthasucinoveoS3cas3ouintthcompanpropeAByearthafeewithifurthefoconditioacquisitionprofitablowomeanmeo witmarketinoyear1 strategy marketing of our The fundamentalthrust …ofconsists
财务状况和计划，例如： bewill our investors andwe will have… In 5 years … to able
结论，例如： oftrack-record an established ABC Corporation enjoys ofexpressions Their support for our customers.excellent weand numerous, and encouragement aresatisfaction …the in continue our advancestointend
situation) 第二讲：现状分析(present 这部分尽可能简明扼要而又全面地介绍公司的情况，以及公司所在行业的信息。 市场环境，例如： are Wefor 2 years.beenThe marketplace has stagnant …tonow poised
产品或服务，例如： stage.design in the S30 stage of is The present 产品生命周期，例如： … isproduct line Ourcurrent
价格和利润，例如： …are profits pricesare… andCurrent 客户，例如： …for… are using ourcustomersCurrent
销售渠道，例如： smanufacturer'centers, retailers, Wehave service …representatives 管理团队情况，例如： arequire however, we Mostof ourmanagement isin place, team.our production managerto complete 财务状况，例如：.…is available cash Current
(objectives)第三讲：目标确定 企业目标是企业使命和指导方针的具体化和数量化，它反应企业在一定时期内经营活动的 方向和所要达到的水平。企业目标的实现时间较长，一般为三到五年或者更长时间。好的企业 目标具有总体性、与外部环境联系密切、有很大的激励作用、切实可行等特点。 企业的基本目标，例如： to:are organization primary objectives of our The A B C ，例如：投资收益率(ROI) by XXX productshare for our XXX%Based on a market XXX%. to be on investment 20XX, we estimate our return 财务目标，例如： YearNextYear Year ThisLast Sales Volume$ Volume Unit Increase/Decrease % Market ofShare ProfitGross Manufacturing BurdenedFully Expenses Marketing Advertising PromotionSales AllowancesTrade Other 欲计将来增长、改进的目标，例如： XXX. include set forourselves Other objectiveswe have orproducts (competitive/existing replace We expect to 20XX.by XXX% byservices)
centers) serviceXXX (retailers, distributors, We planto add (retailers, total ofXXX permonth/yearandwewillhavea 20XX. distributors)by(management)第四讲：组织结构．
投资者考察企业时，管理是最为重要的因素。没有一支优秀的管理团队和有效的组织模式， 科技成果不可能和资本很好结合创造现实的生产力。一般需要介绍的管理人员有：总裁、常务 副总裁、人事部总监、营销副总裁、财务副总裁、生产部总监。对每一位关键人员用文章一个 段落的篇幅进行描述就可以。介绍组织结构时要注意以下问题： 主要管理人员和专业人员的发展路径是怎样的？他们具有哪些技能？ 1． 公司未来的组织机构是怎样的？． 2 谁将成为部门领导者？． 3 在哪些领域的管理应该加强？． 4 报酬机制如何？． 5 团队结构介绍，例如： staff,development the who people make upOf the XXX positions:following the founders who holdXXXthere are PresidentXXX, Finance President ofXXX, Vice Marketing President ofXXX, Vice Sales President ofXXX, Vice Engineering ofXXX, Vice President Research ofXXX, Vice President Operations of Vice PresidentXXX, Marketingof DirectorXXX, DevelopmentXXX XXX, Manager AttorneyCorporate XXX,
管理人员描述，例如： PresidentXXX, XXX UniversityofXXX Degree, different includes many professional experience sXXX' industry. XXXareas in the 人力资源需求，例如： additionalthat team recognizes (Company) development sales, support marketing,required to properly staff is functions.support research, and product/service)(the 第五讲：产品分析 产品介绍应包括以下内容： 产品名称 1． 性能及特性 ．2 产品所处的生命周期． 3产品的市场竞争力 ．4． 产品的研究和开发过程． 5 发展新产品的计划和成本分析． 6 产品的市场前景预测． 7 产品的品牌和专利． 8 此外，还要从顾客和投资者角度出发回答下面的问题： 顾客希望企业的产品能解决什么问题，顾客能从企业的产品中获得什么好处？． 1 企业的产品与竞争对手的产品相比有哪些优缺点，顾客为什么会选择本企业的产品？． 2 为什么用户会大批量地购买企业的产品？． 3 本公司能提供哪些购买便利？． 4 企业为自己的产品采取了何种保护措施，企业拥有哪些专利、许可证，或与已申请专利的5． 厂家达成了哪些协议？ 为什么企业的产品定价使企业产生足够的利润？ 6． 介绍产品，例如： by feature enjoyed a unique This capability for XXX is customers. our(Company) and 专利保护，例如： following: the protected under Ourproduct(s) is 产品价格优势，例如： oursave (product/service) will Regarding cost savings XXX.of terms moneycustomers in 产品测试，例如： (results). that XXX testshave shown Completed 产品特性描述，例如： XXX. includespowerful feature. ThisisXXX another