中考复习专项主谓一致
中考复习专项 主谓一致
英语中,主语的单数形式决定着谓语动词的单复数形式。主谓一致一样遵循语法一致、意义一致和就近一致三个原则。
一、名词作主语
(一)单一名词做主语
1.某些集体名词如family, team, audience, class, club, company, crew,
enemy, crowd, government, group, party, public, population等作主语时,假如作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式,假如强调其中个体成员,谓语动词用复数形式。
2.某些集体名词如people, police, cattle, youth, folk等,只能当复数看待,谓语动词必须用复数。
3.单、复数同形的名词如deer, sheep, species, means, works, Chinese等做主语时,谓语动词应依照意义决定单、复数。
4.名词所有格之后的名词被省略,这种情形一样只指商店、工厂、住宅等,作主语时,谓语动词一样用单数。如:The doctor’s is across the street.
(二)名词短语做主语
1.用and或both…and连接并列主语,谓语动词通常用复数形式。如:Walking and riding are good exercises.然而,并列主语假如指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时,谓语动词用单数形式,这时and后面的名词没有冠词。如:A knife and fork is on the table.
2.each, every, no所修饰的名词即使以and或逗号连接成多个主语时,谓语动词仍用单数形式。如:Each boy and each girl wants to go to school.
3.假如主语有more than one…或many a …构成,尽管意义上是复数内容,但谓语动词仍用单数形式。如:More than one student is reading the book.然而,“more+复数名词+than one”结构之后,谓语动词一样多用复数形式。如:More members than one are against your plan. 4.当主语后面跟有as well as, as much as, no less than, along with,
with, like, rather than, together with, but, except, besides, including, in addition to 等引导的词组时,其谓语动词的单、复数不受阻碍,即往常面的名词为准。如:
The teacher as well as the students was reading in the library.
5.以or, either …or, neither…nor, not only…but also等连接的名词(代词)作主语时,谓语动词的单复数应依照就近一致的原则。如:Either you or he is to go.
6.假如名词词组中心词是all, most, half, rest等词语所指的是复数意义,谓语动词用复数形式;反之,用单数。
7.当表示度量、距离、金额、时刻、书名等名词词组做主语时,把这些复数名词看作一个整体,谓语用单数形式。如:Three years has passed.
8.一些有两个部分构成的名词如glasses, clothes, trousers, shoes, compasses, chopsticks, scissors等作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数形式。但假如主语被“a kind of, a pair of, a series of 等短语”修饰时,谓语动词一样用单数形式。如:A pair of shoes was under the bed.
9.this kind/ type of + n.和 n. +this kind/ type of结构做主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于of 前的名词:This kind of book is harmful. Books of this kind are harmful.
10.在主谓倒装的句子中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如:Between the two windows hangs a picture.
二、the+形容词作主语
“the+形容词(或过去分词)”表示一类人或物,其作主语时谓语通常用复数,这类词有:the brave, the poor, the rich, the blind, the young,
the old, the sick, the dead, the deaf and dumb, the injured, the wounded等。
三、数词作主语 (一)“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语以及由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of, a heaps of, half of+名词”构成的短语作主语时,其谓语动词要与短语中of后面的名词的数保持一致。
(二)“a number of+ 名词复数”作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。然而,“the number of+名词”的中心词却是number“数量”,作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
(三)a great deal of, a large amount of修饰不可数名词,作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数;large amounts of修饰不可数名词,其作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数,如:
A large amount of(A great deal of) damage was done in a very short time.
(四)one and a half后跟名词复数形式作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式,如:One and a half bananas is left on the table.
(五)half of, (a) part of短语作主语时,谓语动词的数取决于of后的名词。
(六)one out of/ in+数词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
四、代词作主语
(一)名词性物主代词作主语时,谓语动词既能够用做单数,也能够用做复数,这取决于它所代替的名词是单数依旧复数。如:Ours (Our Party) is a great party.
(二)such, the same起指示代词作用时,应依照其所指的内容来决定单、复数。如:Such is our plan. Such are his words.
(三)不定代词any, none, all, some, more等单独作主语时,视其在文中的意义决定谓语动词用单数或复数形式,either, neither单独作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。然而后接of时,若of的宾语为不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式,若of的宾语为复数名词或代词时,谓语动词能够是单数也能够是复数,在正式文体中,单数形式的谓语动词更常用。如:
Neither of them knows you. None have seen the film. (四)关系代词who, that, which等在定语从句中作主语时,其从句的谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。如:Those who want to answer
put up your hands.
(五)疑问代词who, what, which作主语时,谓语动词可依照说话人所要表达的意思决定单、复数。Who lives next door? It is Mike.
五、从句作主语
(一)由what引导的主语从句,主句谓语动词的单复数取决于what所指的具体内容,如:
What we need is more time. What we need are doctors.
(二)在“one of+复数名词+who/ that/ which”引导的定语从句结构中,关系代词who/that/which的先行词是靠近它的复数名词而不是one,因此,从句中的谓语动词应该是复数形式。如:She is one of the girls who
are late.然而当one之前有the only等修饰语时,关系代词的先行词是one,因此从句的谓语动词应是单数形式。如:
She was the only one of the girls who was late.
【例题精析】
例1. I, who ____ your good friend, will share your joys and sorrows.
A. was B. are C. is D. am
答案:D 。
例2. The rest of the books _____ put on the top.
A. were B. are C. is D. be
答案:B 。
专题测试
1. In that country, the rich ______ richer, the poor, poorer.
A.become B.has become C.becomes D.is becoming
2. More than one worker _____ dismissed.
A. have been B.are C. has been D.has 3. In our country, every boy and every girl _____ the right to go to school.
A. has B. have C. is D. are
4. Every means __ tried, but there is no result.
A.have been B.has been C.will be D.were
5. Each man and woman _____ the same rights.
A. has B. have C. had D. is having
6. The population of China ___ larger than of the USA.
A. will be B. are C. is D. was
7.Whisky and soda __ his favorite drink.
A. is B. are C.were D. have been
8. ─____ either he or I fit the job?
─Neither he nor you ______ .
A. Am,are B. Is,are C. Are,are D. Is,is
9. All but him and me ___ to the cinema.
(完整版)中考英语主谓一致专题练习(含答案)
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中考英语 -主谓一致专题练习(含答案)
、单选题
1.A set of keys ____ on the desk. My pen and my pencil ____ in my pencil
box.
A. is;
is
B. is;
am
C. is; are
2.She and I __ ___ in Grade
Seven. A. am
B. are
C. is
D. be
3. — ______ your sister know Tom? — No, she ______ .
A. Do; don't
B. Does
doesn't C. Do;
do
D. Does; does
4.They ___ do well in the exam.
A. can be able to
B. be able
to
C. am able
to
D. are able to
5.“ Do ______ have a soccer ball? ” “ Yes, they have two.
A. your friend
B. your
friends C. you
friend D. you friends
6.As time goes by, the number of foreign students in our school_ ___ growing
fast. A small number of the exchange students ___ from Korea.
A. is, comes
B. are, come
C. are, comes
D. is, come
7.__ ____ are crazy about listening to pop music in their spare time.
中考主谓一致与定语从句总结
中考主谓一致与定语从句总结
中考主谓一致是考查考生对于英语语法基础的理解和运用能力的重要内容之一。主谓一致是指主语与谓语在人称和数上保持一致。在句子中,主语和谓语要匹配,即单数主语与单数谓语搭配,复数主语与复数谓语搭配。而定语从句则是修饰或者限定名词的从句,常用来描述或者说明名词的特征或者性质。以下是对中考主谓一致与定语从句的总结。
1. 主谓一致的基本原则
主谓一致的原则是主语与谓语在人称和数上要保持一致。即当主语是第三人称单数形式,谓语动词要选择第三人称单数形式;主语是以第三人称复数形式,谓语动词则要选择第三人称复数形式。
2. 特殊情况
当主语是以单数形式表示的,但主要表达的意思是复数概念时,仍使用复数谓语动词。例如:My pants are blue. (我的裤子是蓝色的。)
3. 复合主语的主谓一致
当句子的主语是由两个或者两个以上的单数名词或者代词构成时,要使用复数谓语动词。例如:Tom and Jerry are good friends. (汤姆和杰瑞是好朋友。)
4. 定语从句的引导词 定语从句通常由关系词引导,常见的关系词有:who, whom, whose,
which, that等。关系词在定语从句中担任主语、宾语、定语或者状语的作用。
5. 关系代词与关系副词的区别
关系代词在定语从句中作为主语或者宾语,而关系副词则在从句中作为地点、方式、时间等状语。例如:I have a friend who lives in
Beijing. (我有一个住在北京的朋友。) 这里的who在定语从句中担任主语的作用。
6. 关系词在定语从句中的省略
关系代词who, whom, whose, which和关系副词where, when, why在定语从句中可以省略。省略的情况一般是当关系词在从句中作为宾语时,且从句的谓语动词是及物动词。
综上所述,中考主谓一致和定语从句是英语考试中的重点内容。在复习过程中,考生要通过大量的练习来提高自己的语法理解和应用能力,掌握主谓一致与定语从句的基本规则,并且注意各种特殊情况的处理。只有通过不断的练习和积累,才能在中考中取得好成绩。
中考英语主谓一致练习题(精选100道)
中考英语主谓一致练习题(精选100道)
A.XXX
1.Not all of the children like going to the park.
2.XXX.
3.Not only the children but also their father is in town.
4.XXX he or I am wrong.
5.XXX after very well here.
6.Each boy and girl is asked to help.
7.Two-fifths of them are Young neers.
8.XXX XXX XXX.
9.The whole class was XXX.
10.How many students are there in your class?
11.Are there several fish in the basket?
12.Whose are those?
13.Our classroom windows XXX.
14.You and she are of the same age.
15.The news he told you XXX. 16.An old man with his two children is coming down the road
now.
17.The rest of the milk is hot and tastes good.
18.XXX.
19.The Chinese people are a great and hardworking people.
20.Where are my glasses。I can't find them.
21.Class Two was all out when the door opened.
22.XXX.
23.XXX.
24.A man with a baby is going to the market.
【中考英语复习之语法过关(人教版)】课时05 谓语动词的时态 语态和主谓一致(教师版)
第五课时 谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致
动词时态历来是中考考查的重点。动词时态考查虽多,但考向非常集中, 最常考的是一般过去时和一般现在时,其次是现在完成时, 其他时态考查相对较少。因此备考重点是:
①动词时态的基本用法 ①动词语态的基本用法 ①主谓一致
考点1 动词的时态
动词时态的知识网络(以动词do为例)
现在时 过去时 将来时
一般时 do/does did shall/will do、be going to do
进行时 am/is/are doing was/were doing
完成时 have/has done had done
1.一般时态
(1)一般现在时
①表示经常或习惯性的动作,多用动作动词,且常与表频率的时间状语连用。
We have meals three times a day.我们一日吃三餐。
①表示客观真理、科学事实及自然现象。
The sun sets in the west.太阳从西方落下。
①在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
I’ll write to her when I have time.有时间我会写信给她。 1.Mike often (收集)stamps and plays basketball in his spare time.
【答案】collects 本题考查动词的时态。由and plays可知,此空为一般现在时,主语Mike为第三人称单数,故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。
2.And then it just (grow) and makes the world a better place.
【答案】grows 本题考查动词的时态。此处主语it为第三人称单数。由于and连接的前后两个动词为并列关系,根据makes可知时态为一般现在时,故填grows。
3.We can see clearly that Mongolia (位于) between China and Russia on the map.
中考英语复习 中考语法专项第30课主谓一致基础知识
1 第30课 主谓一致
课堂突破
概念 在英语中,句子的主语和谓语动词要保持数上的一致关系,叫主谓一致。
使
用
原
则 语法一致原则 句子的主语是单数形式,谓语动词要用单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语动词用复数形式。如:
①Australia is an extremely rich country. 澳大利亚是个非常富裕的国家。
②All the students except Lin Tao are planting trees on the hills.
除了林涛以外所有的学生都在小山上植树。
意义一致原则 谓语动词该用单数还是复数取决于主语所表达的内容在含义上是单数意义还是复数意义。如:The Chinese are industrious. 中国人是勤劳的。
邻近原则 谓语动词该用单数还是复数形式,取决于最邻近它的名词、代词或其他词的数。另外,neither...nor,
either...or, not only...but also...连接两个名词或代词作主语时,或由there, here引导的句子,并且主语不止一个时,谓语动词通常与邻近它的那个主语保持数上的一致。如:
There is a dictionary and some books on the desk. 桌子上有一本词典和一些书。
特
殊 1. 表示时间、重量、数目、价格、长度、数学运算等的词或词组作主语时,尽管它们是复数形式,但如果把这些复数形式的词或词组看作是一个整体,谓语动词就用单数形式。如: 2 的
情
况 Three weeks is a short time. 三个星期是很短的一段时间。
2. 动词不定式、动名词、从句或不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如:To see is
to believe. 眼见为实。
3. 由and连接两个单词作主语时,要看其表示的意义来决定谓语动词用单数还是复数形式,如果表示的是一个整体的概念或指的是同一事物,谓语动词用单数形式;如果表示的是两个不同的对象时,谓语动词用复数形式。如:
“主谓一致”教学设计
中考英语语法专项复习:主谓一致
教学设计
北戴河新区长白学校 姜殿凤
考情分析:
“主谓一致”就就是每年中考得必考知识点,平均每年一道题。
学情分析:
学生需要对该语法项目进行系统得归纳和总结,并灵活运用所学知识点。教师得精确点拨可以帮助学生更好地掌握语法知识。
复习目标:
1、能掌握主谓一致得基本原则。
2、能在具体得练习题中总结归纳有关主谓一致得规则。
3、能体验到自主学习得重要性、探究学习并完成任务得快乐。复习重点和难点: 重点:主谓一致应遵循得三个基本原则。 难点:一些代词、集合名词等作主语时应遵循得原则。
复习策略:
自主复习 合作探究 精心点拨 模拟演练 归纳总结
教学过程:
Step Ⅰ:导入
播放幻灯片“中考导航”,使学生了解“主谓一致”就就是中考中 得高频考点。
中考导航:
考
点 河北省卷近五年中考统计 高频 考点
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
主
谓
一
致 语法一致 √ √ ★★★
意义一致 √ √ ★★★
就近原则 √ ★★☆
考情分析:从近五年考查情况看,主谓一致就就是每年得必考点,每年均考查一道题目。2017年备考时要熟练掌握主谓一致得各种情形,并做适量得练习来掌握和巩固。
设计意图:使学生了解“主谓一致”就就是中考中得高频考点。
Step Ⅱ:考点突破
学生探究,教师精确点拨,突破考点。
1. 主谓一致得含义(幻灯片3)
主谓一致就就是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。
2、主谓一致三原则:(幻灯片4 )
①语法一致原则:
指主语和谓语在单复数形式上得一致关系。主语为单数形式,
谓语动词用单数形式;反之,谓语动词用复数形式、
Tom ___(be) a good student、
They often _____(play) football on the playground、
(英语)中考英语初中英语主谓一致常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案)
(英语)中考英语初中英语主谓一致常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案)
一、主谓一致
1.一There a book sale in our school.Would you like to have a look with me?
一Sure.I'd love to.
A.is B.have C.are
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
句意:— — 我们学校有卖书的活动,你愿意和我一起去看看吗? — — 当然。我很乐意。本题考查there be结构,表示某地有某物;而have是指某人有某物,空前面是There,因此考查的是there be结构,排除B;再由a book sale是单数名词,因此be 动词用is。故选A。
2. students in the classroom twenty. The others are in the library.
A.The number of; is
B.A number of; are
C.The number of; are
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析:句意:教室里的学生人数是二十,其他的人在图书馆。The number of ……的数量,谓语动词用单数;a number of大量的,谓语动词用复数。The others其他的,表示复数,谓语动词用复数,结合题意故选A。
考点:考查主谓一致。
3.Now the number of students who bedrooms of their own getting larger and larger.
A.has;are B.have;is C.has;is D.Have;are
【答案】B
【解析】句意:现在拥有自己卧室的学生越来越多。have动词,有;has动词三单,有。is是,动词单三形式;are是,主语为第一、二人称,以及第三人称复数。定语从句Now the
(通用)中考英语专项练习之主谓一致就近原则(含解析)
(通用)中考英语专项练习之主谓一致就近原那么(含解析)
中考专项练习之主谓一致就近原那么
1. - What's on the table?
-There _________some bread and several cups of milk for today's visitors.
A. is B. were C. are D. was
2. Police: What's in your wallet?
Owner: There some money and two tickets for today's e-sports competition.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
3. --There so many foreigners in the streets these days. -- They might be runners in the Yellow River Estuary
(入海口,河口 ) International Marathon.
A. is B. are C. have D. will be
4. Not only the USA but Australia and Japan _______ that China will join in this important meeting, because
China is important part of the world, especially of Asia.
A. hope B. have hoped C. hopes D. will hope
5. There _______ some soup,two eggs and a few cakes on the table.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
6. Not only my friends but also I interested in football and Messi is our favorite star.
【中考英语一轮复习语法一点通】语法专题十六 主谓一致(教师版)
语法专题十六、主谓一致 主谓一致是指句子的谓语动词和主语在人称和数上保持一致。有三条原则:
1. 语法一致原则 2. 意义一致的原则 3. 就近原则
考点一、语法一致原则
是指主语和谓语动词在语法形式上保持一致。即主语为单数,谓语动词用单数形式;主语为复数,谓语动词也采用复数形式。
1、主语是不可数名词、可数名词单数、单数代词、不定式、动词-ing形式、从句等,谓语动词用单数。
➢ Coffee is more popular in western countries.
2、主语是复数名词、复数代词、谓语动词用复数形式。 如:
➢ Some boys are playing in the park.
3、由and 或both...and来连接并列主语时,谓语动词用复数。例如:
➢ Swimming and walking are good exercises.
[注意]1)但是,并列主语如果表示同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时,谓语动词用单数形式(这时and后的名词前没有冠词)。例如:
➢ Their teacher and friend is Mr. Li.
2)由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别被no, each, every或many a , more than one修饰时,其谓语动词用单数形式。 例如:
➢ In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education.
➢ Many a student is having practice in that factory.
4、如果主语后面跟有 with, together with, along with, as well as, like, but, except, besides,including, no less than, rather than ,as much as,more than, in addition to等时,谓语动词的数和主语保持一致。
【中考英语复习 语法精 专题02 名词(可数与不可数、所有格、主谓一致)-(原卷及答案)(江苏专用)
专题02 名词(可数与不可数、所有格、主谓一致)
名词的考察方向:
1. 可数和不可数
2. 名词所有格
3. 名词词义辨析
4. 主谓一致
名词在中考中的主要考查点及考查形式:
一)、名词单复数
名词的数
名词的数主要指普通名词的数。我们又将普通名词分为可数名词和不可数名词,不可数名词没有复数变化,可数名词有单数和复数之分。
1)可数名词的单数
可数名词的单数形式前面一般加冠词a或an,表示“一”的概念。
构成 例词 特别提示
以辅音音素开头的名词前加a a book 一本书
a computer 一台电脑
a university 一所大学
有时可以在名词前加one,
each, every, another 表示“一”的概念。如:each book 每一本书; every day 每一天 以元音音素开头的名词前加an an apple 一个苹果
an hour 一个小时
an idea 一个想法
批注:单数名词前面加a 还是an,主要是看单词的第一个字母的发音,而不是看构成单词的第一个字母。
2)可数名词的复数 情况 构成方法 例词 读音
一般情况 在词尾加 -s desk→desks
map→maps -s 在清辅音后发 /s/
day→days
girl→girls -s 在元音和浊辅音后发
/z/
以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词 在词尾加 -es bus→buses
box→boxes
watch→watches
dish→dishes -es 发 /iz/ 音
以辅音字母加 -y结尾的词 变y为i再加 -es family→families
factory→factories
party→parties -ies 发 /iz/
音
以元音字母加 -y结尾的词 在词尾加 -s day→days
