湖北省襄阳市2019-2020学年高二上学期期末调研测试英语试题及答案
湖北省十堰市2019-2020学年高二上学期期末调研考试政治试题_word版含答案
十堰市2019～2020学年度上学期期末调研考试高二政治选择题（共24小题，每小题2分，共计48分）在每小题所列出的四个选项中，只有一个选项符合题目要求。
1．同等价位的商品，消费者往往关注其功能和质量；相同功能和质量的商品，消费者往往关注其价格。
这是因为A．商品能够满足人们的某种需要B．用于交换的劳动产品才是商品C．质量和价格是商品的两个基本属性D．商品是使用价值和价值的统一体2. 2019年12月3日，100美元可以兑换702. 23元人民币；2018年12月3日，100美元可以兑换686. 93元人民币。
不考虑其他因素，下列推导合理的是①美元汇率降低②美元汇率升高③中国出口美国的产品在美国市场上的价格会降低④中国进口美国产品的成本会降低⑤美国产品在中国市场的竞争力可能会增强⑥中国产品在美国市场的竞争力可能会增强A．①一③一⑤B．②一③一⑥C．①一④一⑤D．②一③一⑤3．受我国生猪生产进入新一轮去产能周期和非洲猪瘟疫情等因素影响，2019年3月以来猪肉价格大幅上涨，居高不下。
不考虑其他因素，猪肉价格上涨可能带来的影响有①猪肉消费量会大幅减少②生猪养殖企业会扩大养殖规模③牛肉、羊肉需求量会有所增加④猪肉制成品的价格会降低A．①②B．①④C．②③D．③④4．北京市民刘先生以前每逢“双11”总会网购一堆商品，但其中有很多商品并不是自己真正需要的。
2019年参与“双11”的他有了明显的变化：“家里必须更换的、品质好的才会下单。
”刘先生的消费变化启示我们应①坚持求实心理主导的消费②倡导保护环境，绿色消费③坚持求异心理主导的消费④避免盲从，坚持理性消费A．①②B．①④C．②③D．③④5．党的十九届四中全会提出，要营造各种所有制主体依法平等使用资源要素、公开公平公正参与竞争、同等受到法律保护的市场环境。
这是因为①人们消费的商品和服务都是由各类企业提供的②公有制经济和非公有制经济都是社会主义经济的重要组成部分③公有制经济和非公有制经济都是我国经济社会发展的重要基础④我国坚持公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展A．①②B．①③C．②④D．③④6．世界技能大赛被誉为“世界技能奥林匹克”，比赛项目共分为结构与建筑技术、创意艺术和时尚、信息与通信技术、制造与工程技术、社会与个人服务、运输与物流6个大类。
湖北省襄阳市2019-2020学年高二上学期期末数学试题(解析版)
C 选项, 直线 a ，直线 b ，且 a / / ，b / / ,当直线 a ∥b ，同样不能保证平面 与平面 平行，
故 C 错误；
D 选项, 内的任何一条直线都与 平行,则 内至少有两条相交直线与平面 平行，故平面 与平面
平行;
故选:D.
【点睛】本题主要考查平面与平面平行的判断，解题时要认真审题，熟练掌握面与平面平行的判定定理，
1. 平面 与平面 平行的充分条件可以是（ ）
A. 内有无穷多条直线都与 平行
B. 直线 a / / ， a / / ，且直线 a 不在 内，也不在 内 C. 直线 a ，直线 b ，且 a / / ， b / / D. 内的任何一条直线都与 平行
【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】 利用平面与平面平行的判定定理一一进行判断，可得正确答案.
2020 年 1 月襄阳市普通高中调研统一测试 高二数学试卷
本试卷共 4 页，22 题.全卷满分 150 分.考式用时 120 分钟. 注意事项： 1.答题前，选将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答 题卡上的指定位置. 2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑.写在试 卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效. 3.非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内.写在试卷、草稿纸和 答题卡上的非答题区域均无效. 4.选考题的作答：先把所选题目的题号在答题卡上指定的位置用 2B 铅笔涂黑.答案写在答题卡 上对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域无效. 5.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并上交. 一、选择题：本大题共 12 个小题，每小题 5 分，共 60 分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有 一项是符合题目要求的.
2019-2020学年度第二学期期末调研考试高一英语试题【含答案】
2019-2020学年度第⼆学期期末调研考试⾼⼀英语试题【含答案】2019-2020 学年度第⼆学期期末调研考试⾼⼀英语试题选择题部分第⼀部分听⼒（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录⾳内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第⼀节（共5⼩题；每⼩题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下⾯5段对话。
每段对话后有⼀个⼩题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关⼩题和阅读下⼀⼩题。
每段对话仅读⼀遍。
1.What will Peter do at 10:00 tomorrow?A. Go camping.B. Stay at home.C. Have a meeting.2.How much did the woman pay for the skirt?A. $10.B. $20.C.$40.3.What's the weather like now?A. Cloudy.B. Sunny.C. Rainy.4. When does the supermarket open on the weekend?A.At 6:00 am.B. At8:00 am.C.At 9:00 am.5.What will the woman do for her mother's birthday?A. Buy a gift.B.Throw a party.C.Make a cake.第⼆节（共15⼩题；每⼩题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下⾯5段对话或独⽩。
每段对话或独⽩后有⼏个⼩题，从题中所给A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独⽩前，你将有时间阅读各个⼩题，每⼩题5秒钟；听完后，各⼩题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独⽩读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where does the woman want to go?A.The nearest bank.B.The nearest hospital.C.The nearest post office.7. How will the woman go there?A. By bus.B. By car.C. On foot.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
湖北省襄阳市2019-2020学年高二上学期期末考试数学试题 Word版含解析
2020年1月襄阳市普通高中调研统一测试高二数学试卷本试卷共4页，22题.全卷满分150分.考式用时120分钟.注意事项：1.答题前，选将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置.2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑.写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效.3.非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内.写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效.4.选考题的作答：先把所选题目的题号在答题卡上指定的位置用2B 铅笔涂黑.答案写在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域无效.5.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并上交.一、选择题：本大题共12个小题，每小题5分，共60分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.平面α与平面β平行的条件可以是（ ） A. α内有无穷多条直线都与β平行B. 直线a ∥α，a ∥β，且直线a 不在平面α内，也不在平面β内C. 直线a α⊂，直线b β⊂，且a ∥β，b ∥αD. α内的任何直线都与β平行 【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】对每一个选项逐一分析得解.【详解】对于选项A ，α内有无穷多条直线都与β平行，则α可能与β平行或相交，所以该选项错误；对于选项B, 直线a ∥α，a ∥β，且直线a 不在平面α内，也不在平面β内, 则α可能与β平行或相交，所以该选项错误；对于选项C, 直线a α⊂，直线b β⊂，且a ∥β，b ∥α,则α可能与β平行或相交，所以该选项错误；对于选项D, α内的任何直线都与β平行,所以||αβ，所以该选项正确. 故选D【点睛】本题主要考查面面平行的判断证明，意在考查学生对这些知识的理解掌握水平和分析推理空间想象能力.2.已知两个平面垂直，下列命题①一个平面内已知直线必垂直于另一个平面内的任意一条直线 ②一个平面内的已知直线必垂直于另一个平面的无数条直线 ③一个平面内的任一条直线必垂直于另一个平面④过一个平面内任意一点作交线的垂线，则此垂线必垂直于另一个平面 其中不正确．．．命题的个数是（ ） A. 3 B. 2C. 1D. 0【答案】B 【解析】 【分析】作出正方体1111ABCD A B C D -的直观图，利用线面、面面的位置关系，对每个选项进行一一判断.【详解】作出正方体1111ABCD A B C D -的直观图，如图所示：对①，一个平面内的已知直线不一定垂直于另一个平面的任意一条直线；如图中1A B 与AB 不垂直，故①错误；对②，一个平面内的已知直线必垂直于另一个平面的无数条直线；这一定是正确的，如图中，已知直线1A B ，在平面ABCD 中，所有与BC 平行直线都与它垂直，故②正确； 对③：一个平面内的任一条直线不一定垂直于另一个平面；如图中：1A B ，故③错误； 对④：过一个平面内任意一点作交线的垂线，利用面面垂直的性质定理，则垂线一定垂直于另一个平面，如图中1AA ，它垂直于面11ADD A 与面ABCD 的交线AD ，则1AA 垂直于平面ABCD ，故④正确．故选：B【点睛】本题考查空间中线面、面面位置关系，考查转化与化归思想、数形结合思想，考查空间想象能力，求解时注意正方体模型的运用.3.曲线221259x y +=与曲线221(9)259x y k k k+=<--的( )A. 长轴长相等B. 短轴长相等C. 离心率相等D. 焦距相等【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】分别求出两椭圆的长轴长、短轴长、离心率、焦距，即可判断．【详解】解：曲线221259x y +=表示焦点在x 轴上，长轴长为10，短轴长为6，离心率为45，焦距为8．曲线221(9)259x y k k k+=<--表示焦点在x 轴上，长轴长为225k -，短轴长为29k -离心率25k-，焦距为8．对照选项，则D 正确． 故选：D ．【点睛】本题考查椭圆的方程和性质，考查运算能力，属于基础题．4.在直三棱柱111ABC A B C -中，己知AB BC ⊥，2AB BC ==，122CC =1AC 与11A B 所成的角为（ ）A. 30︒B. 45︒C. 60︒D. 90︒【解析】 【分析】由条件可看出11AB A B ，则1BAC ∠为异面直线1AC 与11A B 所成的角，可证得三角形1BAC 中，1AB BC ⊥，解得1tan BAC ∠，从而得出异面直线1AC 与11A B 所成的角． 【详解】连接1AC ，1BC ，如图：又11AB A B ，则1BAC ∠为异面直线1AC 与11A B 所成的角.因为AB BC ⊥，且三棱柱为直三棱柱，∴1AB CC ⊥，∴AB ⊥面11BCC B ， ∴1AB BC ⊥，又2AB BC ==，122CC =，∴()22122223BC =+=，∴1tan 3BAC ∠=，解得160BAC ∠=︒. 故选C【点睛】考查直三棱柱的定义，线面垂直的性质，考查了异面直线所成角的概念及求法，考查了逻辑推理能力，属于基础题．5.如图，60°的二面角的棱上有A 、B 两点，线段AC 、BD 分别在这个二面角的两个半平面内，且都垂直于AB ，已知AB=4，AC=6，BD=8，则CD 的长为（ ）A. 17B. 23C. 35D. 41【解析】 【详解】CA AB ⊥，BD AB ⊥0CA AB∴→⋅→=，0BD AB→⋅→= CDBDABCA→=→+→+→2222222CDCAABBDCAABCA BDAB BD→=→+→+→+→⋅→+→⋅→+→⋅→222648268cos12068=+++⨯⨯︒=217CD ∴=故选A6.在长方体1111ABCD A B C D -中，2AB BC ==，11AA =，则直线1BC 与平面11BB DD 所成角的正弦值为（ ） A.63B.102C.155D.105【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】由题意，由于图形中已经出现了两两垂直的三条直线,所以可以利用空间向量的方法求解直线与平面所成的夹角．【详解】解：以D 点为坐标原点，以1,,DA DC DD 所在的直线为x 轴、y 轴、z 轴，建立空间直角坐标系，则1(2,0,0),(2,2,0),(0,2,0),A B C C (0,2,1),1(2,0,1),(2,2,0),BC AC AC ∴=-=-为平面11BB D D 的一个法向量． 110cos ,58BC AC ∴<>==⋅． ∴直线1BC 与平面11BB DD 所成角的正弦值为10. 故选D ．【点睛】此题重点考查了利用空间向量，抓住直线与平面所成的角与该直线的方向向量与平面的法向量的夹角之间的关系,利用向量方法解决立体几何问题．7.正四面体ABCD 中，E ，F 分别为棱AD ，BC 的中点，则异面直线EF 与CD 所成的角为( ) A.6π B.4π C.3π D.2π 【答案】B 【解析】 【分析】取BD 中点O ，连结,EO FO ，则//,//OF CD OE AB ，且2aOF OE ==，从而EFO ∠是异面直线EF 与CD 所成的角，由此能求出异面直线EF 与CD 所成的角.【详解】取BD 中点O ，连结,EO FO ， 设正四面体的棱长为a ,则//,//OF CD OE AB ，且2a OF OE ==， EFO ∴∠是异面直线EF 与CD 所成的角，取CD 中点G ，连结,BG AG 则,AG CD BG CD ⊥⊥，,BG AG G CD ⋂=∴⊥平面ABG ,AB ⊂平面ABG ,CD AB ∴⊥，OF OE ∴⊥，4EFO π∴∠=，∴异面直线EF 与CD 所成的角为4π,故选B . 【点睛】本题主要考查异面直线所成的角，属于中档题.求异面直线所成的角先要利用三角形中位线定理以及平行四边形找到异面直线所成的角，然后利用直角三角形的性质及余弦定理求解，如果利用余弦定理求余弦，因为异面直线所成的角是直角或锐角，所以最后结果一定要取绝对值.8.圆222430x y x y +++-=上到直线:10l x y ++=之距离为的点有（ ）个A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4【答案】C 【解析】试题分析：圆的方程222430x y x y +++-=配方得22(1)(2)8x y +++=，圆心(1,2)C --，半径为22r =；所以圆心(1,2)C --到直线10x y ++=的距离为1211222r --+==，作出草图由图可知,圆上到直线10x y ++=2的点有3个，故选C. 考点：1.圆的方程；2.直线与圆的位置关系；3.点到直线的距离. 9.与圆x 2+y 2=1及圆x 2+y 2﹣8x+12=0都外切的圆的圆心在（ ） A. 一个椭圆上 B. 一个圆上 C. 一条抛物线上D. 双曲线的一支上【答案】D 【解析】试题分析:化圆的一般方程为标准方程，画出图形，由动圆与两定圆圆心距及半径的关系结合双曲线定义得答案．解：由x 2+y 2﹣8x+12=0，得（x ﹣4）2+y 2=4， 画出圆x 2+y 2=1与（x ﹣4）2+y 2=4的图象如图， 设圆P 的半径为r ，∵圆P 与圆O 和圆M 都外切， ∴|PM|=r+2，|PO|=r+1， 则|PM|﹣|PO|=1＜4，∴P 点在以O 、M 为焦点的双曲线的左支上， 故选D ．考点：圆与圆的位置关系及其判定． 10.已知倾斜角为6π的直线过抛物线()220y px p =>焦点，且与抛物线相交于A 、B 两点，若8AB =，则p =（ ） A.12B. 1C. 2D. 4【答案】B 【解析】 【分析】求得抛物线的焦点，设出直线方程，联立抛物线方程，运用韦达定理和弦长公式，解方程可得所求值． 【详解】倾斜角为6π的直线过抛物线22(0)y px p =>焦点(2p ，0)，可设直线方程为3()2p yx=-，联立抛物线方程22y px=可得22173312px px-+=，设1(A x，1)y，2(B x，2)y，可得127x x p+=，由抛物线的定义可得12||88AB x x p p=++==，解得1p=．故选：B．【点睛】本题考查抛物线的定义、方程和性质，考查直线方程和抛物线方程联立，运用韦达定理和弦长公式，考查方程思想和运算能力．11.如图，已知椭圆()222210x yC a ba b+=：＞＞，斜率为﹣1的直线与椭圆C相交于A，B两点，平行四边形OAMB（O为坐标原点）的对角线OM的斜率为13，则椭圆的离心率为（）363D.23【答案】B【解析】【分析】设出直线AB方程为y x n=-+，求出它与椭圆的交点,A B的坐标（设而不求），由OM OA OB=+得M点坐标，再由13OMk=得出,a b的关系，然后求得离心率．【详解】设直线AB方程为y x n=-+，设1122(,),(,)A x yB x y，由22221x ya by x n⎧+=⎪⎨⎪=-+⎩得：22222222()20a b x a nx a n a b+-+-=，∴212222a nx xa b+=+，12122()y y n x x+=-+，设(,)M x y ，∵OAMB 是平行四边形，∴OM OA OB =+，∴1212,x x x y y y =+=+，∴12121212122()21OMy y n x x y n k x x x x x x x +-+====-+++22222113a b b a a +=-==， ∴2222223c a b a a -==，∴c e a ==． 故选B ．【点睛】本题考查求椭圆的离心率，解题关键是找到关于,,a b c 的一个等量关系．本题中已知两直线AB 和OM 的斜率，因此设出直线AB 方程，代入椭圆方程，消元后求出它们横坐标的和，由向量加法的平行四边形法则，M x A B x x =+，这样利用OM k 就可建立,a b 的等式，变形后可求得离心率e ．本题还考查学生的运算求解能力．12.在平面直角坐标系中，定义(){}1212,max ,d A B x x y y =--为两点()11,A x y ，()22,B x y 的“切比雪夫距离”，又设点P 及l 上任意一点Q ，称(),d P Q 的最小值为点P 到直线l 的“切比雪夫距离”，记作(),d P l ，给出下列三个命题：①对任意三点A 、B 、C ，都有()()(),,,d C A d C B d A B +≥； ②已知点()3,1P 和直线l ：210x y --=，则()4,3d P l =； ③到定点M 的距离和到M 的“切比雪夫距离”相等的点的轨迹是正方形. 其中正确的命题有（ ） A. 0个 B. 1个C. 2个D. 3个【答案】C 【解析】 【分析】①讨论A ，B ，C 三点共线，以及不共线的情况，结合图象和新定义，即可判断； ②设点Q 是直线21y x =-上一点，且(,21)Q x x -，可得(,){|3|d P Q max x =-，|22|}x -，讨论|3|x -，|22|x -的大小，可得距离d ，再由函数的性质，可得最小值； ③设定点(0,0)M ，且相等距离为1，从而可判断出命题的真假.【详解】① 对任意三点A 、B 、C ，若它们共线，设1(A x ，1)y 、2(B x ，2)y ，3(C x ，3)y ，如图，结合三角形的相似可得(,)d C A ，(,)d C B ，(,)d A B 为AN ，CM ，AK ，或CN ，BM ，BK ，则(,)(,)(,)d C A d C B d A B +；若B ，C 或A ，C 对调，可得(,)(,)(,)d C A d C B d A B +；若A ，B ，C 不共线，且三角形中C 为锐角或钝角，如图，由矩形CMNK 或矩形BMNK ，(,)(,)(,)d C A d C B d A B +；则对任意的三点A ，B ，C ，都有(,)(,)(,)d C A d C B d A B +，故①正确；②设点Q 是直线21y x =-上一点，且(,21)Q x x -，可得(,){|3|d P Q max x =-，|22|}x -，由|3||22|x x --，解得513x -，即有(,)|3|d P Q x =-， 当53x =时，取得最小值43； 由|3||22|x x -<-，解得53x >或1x <-，即有(,)|22|d P Q x =-， (,)d P Q 的范围是4(3,)(,)3+∞+∞⋃，无最值； 综上可得，P ，Q 两点的“切比雪夫距离”的最小值为43；故②正确； ③假设定点(0,0)M ，到定点M 的距离和到M 的“切比雪夫距离”相等且距离为1的点为(,)Q x y ，则到定点(0,0)M 的距离为1的点Q 的轨迹为单位圆；到M 的“切比雪夫距离”的距离为1的点Q ，所以(){},max ,1d M Q x y ==，即,1,x y x ⎧≥⎪⎨=⎪⎩或,1,x y y ⎧≤⎪⎨=⎪⎩显然点Q 的轨迹为正方形，所以只有四个点(1,0),(0,1),(1,0),(0,1)--符合要求，故③错误；故选：C【点睛】本题考查新定义的理解和运用，考查数形结合思想方法，以及运算能力和推理能力，属于难题．二、填空题：本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分.请将答案填在答题卡对应题号的位置上.答错位置，书写不清，模棱两可均不得分.13.如果椭圆22110036x y+=上一点P到焦点1F的距离等于6，则点P到另一个焦点2F的距离为____【答案】14 【解析】【分析】根据椭圆的定义122PF PF a+=及椭圆22110036x y+=上一点P到焦点1F的距离等于6，可得2PF的长.【详解】解：根据椭圆的定义122PF PF a+=，又椭圆22110036x y+=上一点P到焦点1F的距离等于6，2620PF∴+=，故214PF=，故答案：14.【点睛】本题主要考查椭圆的定义及简单性质，相对简单.14.长方体的一个顶点上的三条棱长分别是3，4，5 ，且它的8个顶点都在同一个球面上，则这个球的表面积是【答案】50π【解析】【分析】利用长方体的体对角线是长方体外接球的直径,求出球的半径，从而可得结果.【详解】本题主要考查空间几何体的表面积与体积．长方体的体对角线是长方体外接球的直径,设球的半径为R ，则2222(2)34550R =++=,可得R =，球的表面积2450R ππ= 故答案50π.【点睛】本题主要考查长方体与球的几何性质，以及球的表面积公式，属于基础题.15.已知椭圆22195x y +=的左焦点为F ，点P 在椭圆上且在x 轴的上方，若线段PF 的中点在以原点O 为圆心，OF 为半径的圆上，则直线PF 的斜率是_______.【解析】【分析】结合图形可以发现，利用三角形中位线定理，将线段长度用坐标表示成圆的方程，与椭圆方程联立可进一步求解.利用焦半径及三角形中位线定理，则更为简洁.【详解】方法1：由题意可知||=|2OF OM |=c =， 由中位线定理可得12||4PF OM ==，设(,)P x y 可得22(2)16x y -+=， 联立方程22195x y += 可解得321,22x x =-=（舍），点P 在椭圆上且在x 轴的上方，求得3,22P ⎛⎫- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭，所以212PF k ==方法2：焦半径公式应用解析1：由题意可知|2OF |=|OM |=c =， 由中位线定理可得12||4PF OM ==，即342p p a ex x -=⇒=- 求得3152P ⎛- ⎝⎭，所以1521512PF k ==. 【点睛】本题主要考查椭圆的标准方程、椭圆的几何性质、直线与圆的位置关系，利用数形结合思想，是解答解析几何问题的重要途径.16.已知椭圆C:22221(0)x y a b a b+=>>的左右焦点分别为1F ，2F ,点P 在椭圆C 上，线段2PF 与圆：222x y b +=相切于点Q ，若Q 是线段2PF 的中点，e 为C 的离心率，则223a e b +的最小值是______________ 【答案】53 【解析】连接1,PF OQ ,由OQ 为中位线，可得1//OQ PF ,112OQ PF =, 圆222x y b +=，可得OQ b =且12PF b =，由椭圆的定义可得122PF PF a +=，可得222PF a b =-， 又2OQPF ⊥，可得12PF PF ⊥，即有222(2)(22)(2)b a b c +-=，即为2222222b a ab b c a b +-+==-，化为23a b =，即23b a =， 2253c a b a =-=，即有53c e a ==， 则2225151559()23229293a a e a ab a a a ++==+≥⋅⋅=，当且仅当59a a =时，即5a 3=时等号成立，所以223a e b +的最小值为5.三、解答题：本大题共6小题，满分70分.解答应写出文字说明，证明过程或演算步聚.17.求满足下列条件的双曲线的标准方程：（1）5c =，3b =，焦点在x 轴上；（2）5a =()2,5A -，焦点在y 轴上.【答案】（1）221169x y -= ；（2）2212016y x -= 【解析】【分析】（1）求出,,a b c 的值，即可得到双曲线的方程； （2）设双曲线的标准方程为()222210,0y x a b a b-=>>，求出,,a b c 的值，即可得到双曲线的方程；【详解】（1）∵双曲线的焦点在x 轴上，5c =，3b =，∴22216a c b =-=， ∴双曲线方程为：221169x y -=； （2）∵双曲线的焦点在y 轴上，∴可设双曲线的标准方程为()222210,0y x a b a b-=>>， ∵由题设知，25a =，且点()2,5A -在双曲线上，∴22252541a a b⎧=⎪⎨-=⎪⎩∴解得220a =，216b =，∴所求双曲线的标准方程为2212016y x -=. 【点睛】本题考查待定系数法求双曲线的方程，考查运算求解能力，属于基础题.18.如图，矩形ABCD 中，AD ⊥平面ABE ，2AE EB BC ===，F 为CE 上的点，且BF ⊥平面ACE ，AC BD G ⋂=．（Ⅰ）求证：//AE 平面BFD ；（Ⅱ）求三棱锥C BGF -的体积．【答案】（Ⅰ）见解析 （Ⅱ）13【解析】【分析】 （Ⅰ）先证明//AE GF ，再证明//AE 平面BFD ；（Ⅱ） 由等积法可得13C BFG G BCF CFB V V S FG --∆==⋅⋅即可求解. 【详解】（Ⅰ）因为G 是AC 中点，又因为BF ⊥平面ACE ，所以BF CE ⊥，由已知BC BE =，所以F 是AC 中点，所以//AE GF ，因为AE ⊄平面BFD ，GF ⊂平面BFD ，所以//AE 平面BFD ．（Ⅱ）因为AD ⊥平面ABE ，//AD BC ，所以BC ⊥平面ABE ，则BC ⊥AE ，又因为BF ⊥平面ACE ，所以BF AE ⊥，则AE ⊥平面BCE ，由//AE GF 可得GF ⊥平面BCE ，因为2AE EB BC === ， 此时1122124BCF BCE S S ∆∆==⨯⨯=，112FG AE ==， 所以1133C BFG G BCF CFB V V S FG --∆==⋅⋅=． 【点睛】本题主要考查线面平行的判定及利用等积法求三棱锥的体积问题，属常规考题.19.已知直线l 的方程为3420x y+=-.(1)求过点()2,2-且与直线l 垂直的直线方程；(2)求直线10x y --=与220x y +-=的交点，且求这个点到直线l 的距离.【答案】（1）4320x y ++=（2）1【解析】【分析】(1)与l 垂直的直线方程可设为430x y c ++= ，再将点()2,2- 代入方程可得；(2)先求两直线的交点，再用点到直线的距离公式可得点到直线l 的距离．【详解】解：(1)设与直线3420x y+=-垂直的直线方程为430x y c ++=,把(2,2)-代入，得860c -++=，解得2c =,∴所求直线方程为4320x y ++=.(2)解方程组10,220,x y x y --=⎧⎨+-=⎩得1,0,x y =⎧⎨=⎩∴直线10x y --=与220x y +-=的交点为(1,0),点(1,0)到直线3420x y+=-的距离1d ==. 【点睛】本题考查两直线垂直时方程的求法和点到直线的距离公式．20.已知椭圆22221(0)x y a b a b +=>>左、右焦点分别为21,F F ，短轴两个端点为,,A B 且四边形12F AF B 是边长为2的正方形．（Ⅰ）求椭圆的方程；（Ⅱ）若,C D 分别是椭圆长轴的左、右端点，动点M 满足MD CD ⊥，连接CM ，交椭圆于点P ．证明：OM OP 为定值．【答案】（Ⅰ）22142x y += ；（Ⅱ）证明见解析 【解析】试题分析：（1）求椭圆标准方程，关键是求出,a b ，为此要列出关于,,a b c 的两个等式，由椭圆的性质及，四边形12F AF B 是边长为2的正方形，知,2b c a ==；（2）本小题采用解析几何的基本方法，设0(2,)M y ，写出直线CM 方程，再代入椭圆方程求得P 点坐标11(,)x y ，然后直接计算OP OM ⋅，可得定值．试题解析：（1）2,a b c ==，222a b c =+，∴22b =， ∴椭圆方程为22142x y +=． （2）(2,0)C -，(2,0)D ，设0(2,)M y ，11(,)P x y ，则11(,)OP x y =，0(2,)OM y =， 直线002:4y y x CM y --=，即00142y y x y =+， 代入椭圆2224x y +=得222200011(1)40822y x y x y +++-=，∵2124(8) (2)8yxy--=+，∴2122(8)8yxy-=-+，01288yyy=+，∴20022002(8)8(,)88y yOPy y-=-++，∴2220002220004(8)84324888y y yOP OMy y y-+⋅=-+==+++（定值）考点：椭圆的标准方程，椭圆的综合应用．【名师点晴】1．确定一个椭圆的标准方程，必须要有一个定位条件（即确定焦点的位置）和两个定形条件（即确定a，b的大小）．当焦点的位置不确定时，应设椭圆的标准方程为＋＝1 （a>b>0）或＋＝1 （a>b>0），或者不必考虑焦点位置，直接设椭圆的方程为mx2＋ny2＝1 （m>0，n>0，且m≠n）．2．解析几何中的定值问题，可根据已知条件设出一个参数，用这个参数表示出相应点的坐标，直线斜率、直线方程或曲线方程等等，再求出结论，如本题求出OP OM⋅，它的最终结果与参数无关，是定值．21.如图，直三棱柱111ABC A B C-中，090BAC∠=，AB AC=，,D E分别为1AA、1B C的中点.（1）证明：DE⊥平面11BCC B；（2）已知1B C与平面BCD所成的角为030，求二面角1D BC B--的余弦值.【答案】（1）见证明（2）22【解析】【分析】解法1：（1）建立空间直角坐标系，利用直线的向量和平面法向量平行证明线面垂直；（2）设AD a =，利用1B C 与平面BCD 所成的角为030得到a 的值，再求出两个面的法向量之间的夹角余弦值，得到二面角的余弦值.解法2：（1）取BC 中点F ，连接AF 、EF ，易证AF ⊥平面11BCC B ，再证明DE AF ,可得DE ⊥平面11BCC B（2）设AD a =，利用1B C 与平面BCD 所成的角为030得到a 的值，再求出两个面的法向量之间的夹角余弦值，得到二面角的余弦值.解法3：（1）同解法2（2）设12AA a =，利用三棱锥1B BDC -等体积转化，得到1B 到面BCD 的距离，利用1B C 与平面BCD 所成的角为30︒得到1B C 与d 的关系，解出a ，在两个平面分别找出,DF EF 垂直于交线，得到二面角，求出其余弦值.【详解】解法1：（1）以A 为坐标原点，射线AB 为x 轴的正半轴，建立如图所示的直角坐标系A xyz -．设1AB =，AD a =，则()1,0,0B ，()0,1,0C ，()11,0,2B a ， ()0,0,D a ，()11,0,2B a ，11,,22E a ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭，11,,022DE ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭，()1,1,0BC =-，()11,1,2B C a =--． 因为0DE BC ⋅=，10DE BC ⋅=，所以DE BC ⊥，1DE B C ⊥，BC ⊂面11BCC B ，1B C ⊂面11BCC B ，1BC B C B ⋂=于是DE ⊥平面11BCC B ．（2）设平面BCD 的法向量()000,,n x y z =， 则0n BC ⋅=，0n BD ⋅=，又()1,1,0BC =-，()1,0,BD a =-，故000000x y x az -+=⎧⎨-+=⎩，取01x =，得11,1,n a ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭．因为1B C 与平面BCD 所成的角为30︒，()11,1,2B C a =--，所以1cos ,sin30n B C =︒，11n B Cn B C⋅∴=⋅(122=+，解得22a =，(1,1,2n =． 由（1）知平面1BCB 的法向量11,,022AF ⎛⎫=⎪⎝⎭， 2112cos ,21n AF n AF n AF+⋅==⋅ ，所以二面角1D BC B --的余弦值为2． 解法2：（1）取BC 中点F ，连接AF 、EF ,AB AC = ∴ AF BC ⊥，1BB ⊥平面ABC ，AF ⊂平面ABC∴ 1BB AF ⊥，而BC ⊂平面11BCC B ,1B B ⊂平面11BCC B ,1BC B B B ⋂=∴ AF ⊥平面11BCC B ．E 为1B C 中点，∴ 1EF BB ，112EF BB =， ∴ EF DA ，EF DA ＝，∴四边形ADEF 为平行四边形， ∴ AF DE ．∴ DE ⊥平面11BCC B ．（2）以A 为坐标原点，射线AB 为x 轴的正半轴，建立如图所示的直角坐标系A xyz -．设()1,0,0B ，()0,1,0C ，()11,0,2B a ，则()0,0,D a ，()11,0,2B a ，11,,022F ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭． 设平面BCD 的法向量()000,,n x y z =， 则0n BC ⋅=，0n BD ⋅=，又()1,1,0BC =-，()1,0,BD a =-，故000000x y x az -+=⎧⎨-+=⎩，取01x =，得11,1,n a ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭． 因为1B C 与平面BCD 所成的角为30︒，()11,1,2B C a =--，所以1|cos ,)|sin30n BC <>=︒，11n B C n B C⋅∴=⋅()22121242a a =⎛⎫++ ⎪⎝⎭，解得a =(1,1,2n =． 由（1）知平面1BCB 的法向量11,,022AF ⎛⎫=⎪⎝⎭，2112cos ,21n AF n AF n AF+⋅==⋅所以二面角1D BC B --的余弦值为2． 解法3： （1）同解法2．（2）设1AB AC ==，12AA a =，则BC =AF =,BD DC ==DF ∴==12BDCSBC DF ∴=⋅=，1112BCB SBB BC =⋅=， D 到平面1BCB距离2DE =，设1B 到面BCD 距离d ，由11B BDC D BCB V V --=得11133BCB BDC S DE S d⋅=⋅，即113232d ⋅=⋅⋅ d =．因为1BC 与平面BCD 所成的角为30︒， 所以12sin30d B C d ===︒，而在直角三角形1B BC 中1B C ==所以2242221a a +=+，解得22a =． 因为AF ⊥平面11BCC B ，BC ⊂平面11BCC B ,所以AF BC ⊥，EF ⊥平面11BCC B ，BC ⊂平面11BCC B 所以EF BC ⊥，所以BC ⊥平面DEFA ， DF ⊂平面DBC ,EF ⊂平面1B BC所以EFD ∠为二面角1D BC B --的平面角， 而22DA AF ==,可得四边形DAFE 是正方形，所以45EFD ∠=︒， 所以二面角1D BC B --的余弦值为2．【点睛】本题考查线面垂直的证明，利用几何关系构造方程求出边的大小，利用空间向量证明线面垂直，求二面角的大小，属于中档题.22.如图，已知点()1,0F 为抛物线()220y px p =<的焦点，过点F 的直线交抛物线于A 、B两点，点C 在抛物线上，使得ABC ∆的重心G 在x 轴上，直线AC 交x 轴于点Q ，且Q 在点F 的右侧.记AFG ∆、CQG ∆的面积分别1S 、2S .（1）求p 的值及抛物线的方程；（2）求12S S 的最小值及此时点G 的坐标.【答案】（1）2p =，24y x =；（2）31，()2,0G 【解析】 【分析】（1）由抛物线的焦点坐标，即可得p 的值及抛物线的方程；（2）引入变量t 表示点A 坐标，然后将直线AB 的方程用t 表示，利用三角形的重心也可以把其余点的坐标用变量t 表示，进而将三角形面积的比值表示成关于t 的函数，再利用基本不等式求最小值，从而得到答案. 【详解】（1）由抛物线的性质可得：12p=，∴2p =， ∴抛物线的方程为24y x =； （2）设(),A A Ax y ，(),B B B x y ，(),C C C x y ，重心(),GG G xy ，令2A y t =，0t ≠，则2A x t =，由于直线AB 过F ，故直线AB 的方程为2112t x y t-=+，代入24y x =，得：()222140t y y t---=，∴24B ty =-，即2B y t =-，∴212,B tt ⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭，又()13G A B C x x x x =++，()13G A B C y y y y =++，重心在x 轴上， ∴220C t y t -+=，∴211,2C t t t t ⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫-- ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭，422222,03t t G t ⎛⎫-+ ⎪⎝⎭， ∴直线AC 的方程为()222y t t x t -=-，得()21,0Q t-，∵Q 在焦点F 的右侧，∴22t >，∴42242214442222221123222211122221223AC t t t FG y t S t t t S t t t t QG y t t t t-+⋅⋅--====----+⋅--⋅-， 令22m t =-，则0m >，122122213434S m S m m m m =-=-≥=+++++∴当m 时，12S S取得最小值为1+()2,0G .【点睛】本题考查抛物线方程的求解、直线与抛物线位置关系中的三角形面积问题，考查函数与方程思想、转化与化归思想，考查逻辑推理能力和运算求解能力，求解时注意变量的引入.。
湖北省武汉市华中师大一附中2019-2020学年高二上学期期末英语试卷(含答案解析)
湖北省武汉市华中师大一附中2019-2020学年高二（上）期末英语试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共11小题）ALondon has just signed to be the first National Park City．Sadiq Khan，mayor of London，along with several organizations and individuals，signed the London National Park City Charter（宪章）on Monday．London is already extremely park-like．With a large number of urban parks and waterways and 8.4 million trees，it has a lower urban density （密度）than many other major cities．It is also home to 15，000 species．The charter aims to improve the lives and well-being of people and wildlife by improving the natural environment of the city．In practical terms，that means trying to reach the goal of turning 50% of the city into green space by 2050．That can be achieved by asking residents to change empty lots and yards into gardens，planting more trees throughout the city and even cutting holes in garden fences．Adding green roofs to existing buildings is also part of the plan，One way to help achieve its goal is pairing development with conservation．London is expected to add some 2 million new residents to its current population by 2040，meaning it needs thousands and thousands of new homes．Home developers can play a role by surrounding new homes with parks or nature reserves．"Inspired by the aims and values of the world's national parks，the London National Park City is fundamentally about making life better in the capital through both small everyday things and long-term strategic thinking．" says Daniel Raven-Ellison，founder of the concept．"It's about lifting our ambitions；going further to make the city greener，healthier and wilder；improving our mental health，cleaning our air；making the city richer in wildlife：freeing children to play and meet friends outdoors again；solving the climate crisis and bring more joy to the city．" He added．Timothy Beatley，an urban planner，says countless cities have already woken up to the idea that greening and improving natural connections make urban life much better．"The basic idea is that nature in cities is not optional but absolutely essential to a happy，healthy and meaningful life．" He says．1.What are mentioned in paragraphs 3 and 4 about the green move？______A. The conflicts caused by the charter．B. Different voices about the move．C. Specific ways to expand green space．D. Challenges the move will run into．2.The founder and the planner mentioned both hold a（an）______ attitude to the charter．A. skepticalB. criticalC. reservedD. favorable3.What can be a suitable title for the passage？______A. A green and meaningful life in LondonB. London to be "National Park City"C. Reasons for more green space in LondonD. Green ways to make London park-likeBWorking out can help teenagers boost their grades，a new study suggests．Adolescents who routinely engaged in moderate to vigorous（剧烈的）exercise showed long-term improvements in their academic performance，the British Journal of Sports Medicine study reported．"Our study suggests that the effect of physical activity may be quite large，" John Reilly，a professor at theUniversity of Strathclyde said．The researchers looked at a sample of about 5000 children who were involved in a long-term study that tracks children born in the UK between 1991 and 1992．When children reached 11 years old，their daily physical activity levels were measured using an accelerometer（加速器）for three to seven days．The device，similar to a pedometer（计步器）tracking the number of steps taken，recorded the average time children exercised，which was 29 minutes a day for boys and 18 for girls．"The actual levels of daily physical activity at age 11 were quite low，" Mr．Reilly noted．The children had their academic performance tested at ages 11 and 13 with compulsory national tests for students，and also at 15 or 16 with the General Certificate of Secondary Education （GCSE）exam．The tests assessed the children's abilities in English，math and science subjects．The results showed that the more children participated in moderate to vigorous physical activity，the higher their test scores were at age 11 in all three subjects．For girls，science scores were most strongly linked to exercise．When children were tested again at age 13，their academic scores were still linked to how much they had exercised when they were 11 years old．By the time the youngsters took the GCSE exam，each 17-minute-per‑day increase in physical activity for the boys was linked to an improvement in their scores．Every additional 12-minute increase a day in exercise for the girls was also linked to an increased score，especially in the science category．The researchers have called for more studies to look at the possible academic benefits that could be derived if students exercised the recommended 60 minutes or more a day．4.What's the study about？______A. The influence of exercise on students' scores．B. The secrets of students' ranking high in class．C. The causes of students' participating in sports．D. The ways of improving students' physical conditions．5.What is the function of the device used in the study？______A. To record how long students exercise．B. To record the walking speed of students．C. To record how many steps students walk．D. To record the number of calories students consume．6.What do the study's results show？______A. Students at age 11 do more exercise than at other ages．B. Boys at age 13 get more benefits by doing more exercise．C. Girls' science scores are more closely related to exercise．D. More and more students do exercise to improve their scores．7.What does the underlined word "derived" probably mean in the last paragraph？______A. adopted．B. acquired．C. concluded．D. displayed．C"Two centuries ago，Lewis and Clark left St．Louis to explore the new lands acquired in the Louisiana Purchase，" George W．Bush said，announcing his desire for a program to send men and women to Mars．They made that journey in the spirit of discovery．America has ventured forth into space for the same reasons．"Yet there are vital differences between Lewis and Clark's expedition and a Mars mission．First，they were headed to a place where hundreds of thousands of people were already living．Second，they were certain to discover places and things of immediate value to the new nation．Third，their venture cost next to nothing by today's standards．A Mars mission may be the single most expensive non-wartime undertaking in U．S．history．Appealing as the thought of travel to Mars is，it does not mean the journey makes sense，even considering the human calling to explore．And Mars as a destination for people makes absolutely no sense with current technology．Present systems for getting from Earth's surface to low-Earth orbit are so fantastically expensive that merely launching the 1，000 tons or so of spacecraft and equipment a Mars mission would require could be accomplishedonly by cutting health-care benefits，education spending，or other important programs-or by raising taxes．Absent some remarkable discovery，astronauts，geologists，and biologists once on Mars could do little more than analyze rocks and feel awestruck（敬畏的）staring into the sky of another world．Yet rocks can be analyzed by automated probes without risk to human life，and at a tiny fraction of the cost of sending people．It is interesting to note that when President Bush unveiled his proposal，he listed these recent major achievements of space exploration pictures of evidence of water on Mars，discovery of more than 100 planets outside our solar system，and study of the soil of Mars．All these accomplishments came from automated probes （探测）or automated space telescopes．Bush's proposal，which calls for reprogramming some of NASA's present budget into the Mars effort，might actually lead to a reduction in such unmanned science-the one aspect of space exploration that's working really well．Rather than spend hundreds of billions of dollars to hurl tons toward Mars using current technology，why not take a decade or two or however much time is required researching new launch systems and advanced propulsion （推进力）？lf new launch systems could put weight into orbit affordably，and advanced propulsion could speed up that long，slow transit to Mars，the dream of stepping onto the red planet might become reality．Mars will still be there when the technology is ready．8.What do Lewis and Clark's expedition and a Mars mission have in common？______A. Instant value．B. Human inhabitance．C. Venture cost．D. Exploring spirit．9.Bush's proposal is challenged for the following reasons EXCEPT that ______ ．A. its expenditure is too huge for the government to afford．B. American people's well-being will suffer a lot if it is implementedC. great achievements have already been made in Mars exploration in AmericaD. unmanned Mars exploration sounds more practical and economical for the moment10.Which of the following CANNOT be concluded from the passage？______A. Going to Mars using current technology is quite unrealistic．B. A Mars mission will in turn promote the development of unmanned program．C. Bush's proposal is based on three recent great achievements of space explorationD. The achievements in space exploration show how well unmanned science has developed．11.What is the main idea of the passage？______A. Risky as it is，a Mars mission helps to maintain America's position as a technological leader．B. A Mars mission is so costly that it may lead to an economic disaster in America．C. Someday people may go to Mars but not until it makes technological sense．D. A Mars mission is unnecessary since the scientists once there won't make great discoveries．二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）Have you ever wondered why successful people are so successful？Habits play an essential role in shaping our lives．We all know that bad habits can be harmful to your mental and physical well-being．12Good habits，on the other hand，can help you rise above others and be at your best．So，what are the common habits of successful persons that set them apart from the rest of us？13Most successful figures spend half an hour or more on newspapers，magazines and other books on a daily basis．Most of them have a preference for non-fiction piece that include history，self-help books，and biographies．Getting up early．The majority of successful people rise approximately 3 hours before their actual workday starts．It gives them adequate time to get additional things done，which may include completing side projects，working out，or just planning ahead．14Working out and staying in shape．We all know the benefits of a healthy lifestyle especially working out and staying physically fit．15Clearing your mind and challenging yourself physically with a tough workout daily helps you stay ready for the daily challenges of a business．To sum it up，a strong body carries a strong mind．Working on communication skills．Communication plays a key role in building constructive interpersonal relationships on a personal as well as on a professional level．16However，if you are unable to convey the right information and message in a timely manner，you are less likely to achieve your goals．As with other skills，it is vital to continuously work on improving communication to help you stay more efficient while communicating with anyone on any level．A．Applying technology．B．Keeping reading as a habit．C．After all，the early bird catches the worm．D．Developing a healthy lifestyle is demanding．E．Working with data，facts，and figures is important．F．Successful people require mental and physical fitness．G．They can block your road to achievement and success．三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）The world's youngest DJ who is just two years old has thousands of fans thanks to his ability．Oratilwe Hlongwane，whose DJ name is AJ，is (17) learning to put together words，but the baby is already able to (18) and play music from a laptop and has become famous in South Africa．His abilities have even (19)him special appearances，with fans (20) to hear his bass-heavy house music．His recent (21)at a supermarket in his home of Johannesburg (22) a large crowd as he moved his head to the (23)，with large headphones around his neck．His mother，Refiloe Marumo，(24) his success to his father Glen Hlongwane's decision to buy an iPad for his then unborn son．Mr．Hlongwane，a gymnastics coach and (25)DJ，had planned to download some educational apps for the child as well as a DJ app for himself．A mobile phone recording of him playing music was shared online and the youngster now has nearly 25，000 Facebook (26)．However，some people (27)his parents of abusing and making money from their child's ability．Mr．Hlongwane said he would not "(28) his kid" and said he wasn't allowed to play in clubs or at parties (29)his age．The parents also insisted that they would not (30) their son to be a DJ when he grows up，but said they believed his interest in electronic equipment would probably decide his future．Mr．Hlongwane added，"I can see a (31) Bill Gates here．"17、 A. never B. still C. therefore D. merely18 A. create B. adopt C. select D. tease19 A. earned B. exchanged C. risked D. updated20 A. desperate B. unwilling C. admirable D. appropriate21 A. movement B. competition C. reputation D. appearance22 A. moved B. benefited C. attracted D. disappointed23 A. rhyme B. flash C. pattern D. beat24 A. exposed B. accustomed C. appealed D. owed25 A. allergic B. cautious C. devoted D. ridiculous26 A. competitors B. followers C. sponsors D. experts27 A. accomplished B. acquired C. accused D. convinced28 A. take charge of B. take possession ofC. take advantage ofD. take place of29 A. due to B. in spite of C. rather than D. even if30 A. demand B. allow C. doubt D. force31 A. realistic B. contemporary C. future D. predictable四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）In 2017，eleven million deaths worldwide were linked to people eating diets high 32 sugar，salt and processed meat．Those foods were partly33 （blame）for heart disease，cancer and diabetes，a new study found．The findings 34（report）in the publication The Lancet．Researchers considered 15 dietary elements and found that the consumption of foods such as nuts and seeds，milk and whole grains 35 on average too low．"The poor diet is responsible for more deaths than 36 other risk factor in the world，" said Chris Murray，32（direct）of the Institute for Health Metrics （指标）and evaluation at the University of Washington，37led the work．The study found people ate only 12 percent of the 38（recommend）amount of nuts and seeds - an average intake of 3 grams a day．For good health，experts say，you should eat 21 grams of nuts and seeds every day．Another study published in January suggested 39"ideal diet" for the health of people and the planet，which would include a doubling of the consumption of nuts，fruits，and vegetables．Such a diet would also include40（reduce）the amount of meat and sugar consumed by half．-110.0The babies of the smoking couples may have a smaller birth weight or even be ______ in some way．If they ______ such measures，this project wouldn't have ended up as a failure．With the printer ______ the paper，most of the work which deals with the statistics of the survey has to be paused．The factory is now attaching great importance to the protection of the environment ______ by the government over and over again in the process of manufacturing．______ in reading the novel Pride & Prejudice，he forgot to get off the bus where he should have．Many teachers admit that they have a ______ for those students who set their goals and spare no efforts to achieve them．It is so painful to see his father forced out of hospital because he can't afford the fee．How he wishes he ______a big fortune at the moment!One of Neil's more ______ qualities is his ability to remain optimistic in spite of the big challenges he is faced with．It is required by the company that the workers ______ what they have learned to what they are doing．______ the waste is swallowed，the newly-produced machine will dispose of and then recycle it．六、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）12.假如你是李华，澳大利亚好朋友Harry来中国学习，但因文化差异感到生活有些不适应．请给他写一封信，内容包括：1．表示安慰；2．给出建议；3．寄予希望．注意：1．词数80左右；2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3．开头与结尾均已给出．______________．13.On a cold Friday night，a poor artist stood at the gate of the subway station，playing his violin．The youngviolinist was a student at an Arts College named Joseph，who did so every day in order to earn his tuition fees．He planned to attend advanced studies in Vienna and had booked the flight for the nextmorning．Though the music was great，people were quickly going home for the weekend．Joseph was playing his last chapter when a middle-aged man looking pretty excited slowed down his pace and put 50dollars into the hat，for which Joseph was grateful．The next night，the young artist came to the gate of the subway station as usual，and put his hat on the ground gracefully．Different from the day before，he took out a large piece of paper and laid it on the ground and put some stones on it．Then he began playing the violin．Before long，the young artist was surrounded with many passers-by，who were all attracted by the words on that paper．It said，"Last night，a gentleman put an unexpected thing into my hat by mistake．Please come to claim it as soon as possible．" It caused great excitement and curiosity．They were dying to know what the unexpected thing could be．注意：1．所续写短文词数应为150左右；2．应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3．续写部分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词．Paragraph 1：Just at the moment a middle-aged man rushed through the crowd to the violinist．____________．Paragraph 2：The man thanked Joseph again and again because it was very essential to him．_______________．答案和解析【解析】1．C．细节理解题．根据第三段One way to help achieve its goal is pairing development with conservation实现目标的一种方法是将开发与保护结合起来．可知，第3段和第4段提到了关于绿色行动的扩大绿色空间的具体方法．故选C．2．D．细节理解题．根据倒数第二段It's about lifting our ambitions；going further to make the city greener，healthier and wilder；improving our mental health，cleaning our air；making the city richer in wildlife：freeing children to play and meet friends outdoors again；solving the climate crisis and bring more joy to the city．这关乎我们的雄心；进一步使这座城市更绿色，更健康，更荒野；改善我们的精神健康，清洁空气；使该市变得更加野生动植物：让孩子们重新玩耍并在户外见到朋友；解决气候危机和给这座城市带来更多的欢乐．可知，提到的创始人和计划者对章程都持支持的态度．故选D．3．B．主旨大意题．阅读全文，根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了伦敦将成为"国家公园城市"．故选B．本文是一篇社会文化类阅读，主要讲述了伦敦刚刚签署成为第一个国家公园城市．伦敦市长萨迪克•汗（Sadiq Khan）与几个组织和个人在周一签署了《伦敦国家公园城市宪章》．考察学生的推理判断能力和联系上下文的的能力，在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．此类的填空题一定要联系上下文，根据上下文的内容加上自己的理解，再作出正确的判断【解析】AACB4．A．细节理解题．根据第一段Working out can help teenagers boost their grades，a new study suggests．Adolescents who routinely engaged in moderate to vigorous（剧烈的）exercise showed long-term improvements in their academic performance可知，这份研究的主要目的就是研究体育锻炼和学生的学业成绩的关系；故选A．5．A．细节理解题．根据第二段The device，similar to a pedometer（计步器）tracking the number of steps taken，recorded the average time children exercised，which was 29 minutes a day for boys and 18 for girls．可知，使用这个类似于计算器的装备来记录走的步数，记录孩子锻炼的平均时间，一天男孩锻炼29分钟，女孩18分钟；故选A．6．C．细节理解题．根据第三段For girls，science scores were most strongly linked to exercise．可知，根据研究结果显示，女孩来理科成绩与锻炼的关系最大；故选C．7．B．词义猜测题．根据if引导的条件状语从句if students exercised the recommended 60 minutes or more a day可知，如果学生能够锻炼达到一天60分钟多的程度，他们获得的学业成绩的效果如何，由此可知，deprived意为acquired；故选B．本文属于健康环保类的短文阅读．主要介绍了一份针对青少年日常锻炼与学业成绩的提升关系的研究．通过大量的研究数据来证明这种关联性．此题主要考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力．做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确选择．在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．【解析】8-11 DCBC8．D．细节理解题．根据文章第一段 They made that journey in the spirit of discovery． America has ventured forth into space for the same reasons 他们本着探索的精神进行了那次旅行．美国冒险进入太空也是出于同样的原因，可知Lewis和克拉克的远征和Mars的任务的共同点是探索精神；故选D．9．C．细节理解题．根据文章第五段It is interesting to note that when President Bush unveiled his proposal， he listed these recent major achievement s of space exploration pictures of evidence of water on Mars， discovery of more than 100planets outside our solar system， and study of the soil of Mars值得注意的是，当布什总统公布他的提案时，他列举了最近在太空探索方面取得的主要成就，如火星上有水存在的证据的图片，在太阳系外发现的100多个行星，以及对火星土壤的研究，可知布什的提议受到挑战，原因是Mars在美国的勘探取得了巨大成就；故选C．10．B．细节理解题．根据文章第五段Bush's proposal， which calls for reprogramming some of NASA's present budget into the Mars effort， might ac tually lead to a reduction in such unmanned science-the one aspect of space exploration that's working really well 布什的提案要求将NASA目前的部分预算重新规划到火星计划中，这实际上可能会导致无人驾驶科学的减少，而无人驾驶科学是太空探索的一个非常有效的方面，可知Mars的一个任务将反过来阻碍无人驾驶程序的发展；故选B．11．C．细节理解题．根据文章最后一段 lf new launch systems could put weight into orbit affordably， and advanced propulsion could speed up that lo ng， slow transit to Mars， the dream of stepping onto the red planet might become reality． Mars will still be th ere when the technology is ready如果新的发射系统能够在可承受的范围内将重量送入轨道，并且先进的推进系统能够加速漫长而缓慢的火星之旅，那么登上这颗红色星球的梦想就有可能成为现实．当技术成熟时，火星仍然会在那里，可知这篇文章的主要思想是总有一天，人们可能会去Mars，但必须直到技术上完全明白；故选C．本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了美国关于火星探索的进程，总有一天人类将去往火星．考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．12G 13B 14C 15F 16E【解析】GBCFE12．G．推理判断题．根据前文We all know that bad habits can be harmful to your mental and physical well-being．可知我们都知道坏习惯会对你的身心健康有害．G项：They can block your road to achievement and success．他们会阻碍你的成就和成功之路；符合文意，故选G．13．B．推理判断题．根据后文Most successful people spend half an hour or more on newspapers， magazines and other books each day可知大多数成功人士每天花半个小时或更多的时间在报纸、杂志和其他书籍上．B项：Keeping reading as a habit．保持阅读是一种习惯；符合文意，故选B．14．C．推理判断题．根据前文It gives them enough time to get additional things done， which may include finishing side projects， working ou t， or just planning ahead．可知它给了他们足够的时间去完成更多的事情，这可能包括完成边项目，工作，或者只是提前计划．C项：After all， the early bird catches the worm．毕竟，早起的鸟儿吃虫子；符合文意，故选C．15．F．推理判断题．根据后文Clearing your mind and challenging yourself physically with a tough workout daily helps you stay ready for the da ily challenges of a business．可知每天进行艰苦的锻炼，理清思绪，挑战自己的身体，这有助于你为每天的商业挑战做好准备．F项：Successful people require mental and physical fitness．成功人士需要身心健康．符合文意，故选F．16．E．推理判断题．根据后文However， if you are unable to convey the right information and message in a timely manner， you are less likely to achieve your goals．可知然而，如果你不能及时传达正确的信息和信息，你就不太可能实现你的目标．E 项：Working with data， facts， and figures is important．处理数据、事实和数字是很重要的；符合文意，故选E．本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了习惯在塑造我们的生活中起着重要的作用．我们都知道坏习惯会对你的身心健康有害，良好的习惯可以帮助你凌驾于他人之上，使你处于最佳状态．七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子．解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近七的词），选出最符合语境的句子．【解析】BCAAD；CDDCB；CCADC17．B．考查连词辨析．OratilweHlongwane，他的DJ名为AJ，仍在学习拼词，但婴儿已经能够从笔记本电脑中选择和播放音乐，并在南非成名．故选B18．C．考查动词辨析．A．create 创建；B．adopt 采用；C．select 选择；D．tease挑逗；OratilweHlongwane，他的DJ名为AJ，仍在学习拼词，但婴儿已经能够从笔记本电脑中选择和播放音乐，并在南非成名．故选C19．A．考查动词辨析．A．earned 挣来的；B．exchanged 交换；C．risked冒着风险；D．updated更新；他的能力甚至为他赢得了特别的出场机会，歌迷们渴望听到他的低音音乐．故选A20．A．考查形容词辨析．A．desperate绝望的；B．unwilling 不情愿的；C．admirable 令人钦佩的；D．appropriate适当的；他的能力甚至为他赢得了特别的出场机会，歌迷们渴望听到他的低音音乐．故选A21．D．考查名词辨析．A．movement运动；B．competition竞争；C．reputation名誉；D．appearance 外观；他最近在约翰内斯堡家中的一家超市露面时，脖子上戴着大耳机，随着他的脚步，吸引了一大群人．故选D22．C．考查动词辨析．A．moved 移动；B．benefited受益；C．attracted吸引；D．disappointed 失望；他最近在约翰内斯堡家中的一家超市露面时，脖子上戴着大耳机，随着他的脚步，吸引了一大群人．故选C23．D．考查名词辨析．A．rhyme押韵；B．flash闪光；C．pattern 图案；D．beat战胜；他最近在约翰内斯堡家中的一家超市露面时，脖子上戴着大耳机，随着他的脚步，吸引了一大群人．故选D 24．D．考查动词辨析．A．exposed暴露的；B．accustomed习惯；C．appealed呼吁；D．owed欠；他的母亲，利菲洛•马鲁莫，把他的成功归功于他的父亲格伦•赫隆瓦内决定为他当时还未出生的儿子买一台iPad．故选D25．C．考查形容词辨析．A．allergic 过敏的；B．cautious谨慎；C．devoted忠诚的；D．ridiculous 可笑的；一位体操教练和热心的DJ，计划为孩子下载一些教育应用程序，并为自己下载一个DJ应用程序．故选C26．B．考查名词辨析．A．competitors竞争对手；B．followers 追随者；C．sponsors 赞助商；D．experts 专家；他播放音乐的手机录音被分享到了网上，这个年轻人现在有将近25，000的Face book粉丝．故选B 27．C．考查动词辨析．A．accomplished；B．acquired 获得的；C．accused被告；D．convinced确信；然而，有些人指责他的父母虐待他们的孩子并利用他们的能力赚钱．故选C28．C．考查短语辨析．A．take charge of负责；B．take possession of 占有；C．take advantage of 利用；D．take place of代替；赫隆瓦内先生说他不会"利用"他的孩子，并说他不被允许在俱乐部或聚会上玩，因为他的年龄．故选C29．A．考查短语辨析．A．due to 由于；B．in spite of尽管；C．rather than而不是；D．even if 即使；赫隆瓦内先生说他不会"利用"他的孩子，并说他不被允许在俱乐部或聚会上玩，因为他的年龄．故选A 30．D．考查动词辨析．A．demand 需求；B．allow允许；C．doubt 怀疑；D．force 武力；这对父母还坚称，他们不会强迫儿子长大后成为一名DJ，但他们认为他对电子设备的兴趣可能会决定他的未来．故选D31．C．考查形容词辨析．A．realistic 现实的；B．contemporary 当代的；C．future未来；D．predictable 可预测的；赫隆瓦尼先生补充说，"我可以在这里看到比尔•盖茨的未来．"故选C本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了研究表明婴儿已经能够从笔记本电脑中选择和播放音乐．做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意，一篇完形填空的文章会有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一遍，才能大概了解文章内容，千万不要看一句，做一句．其次要逐句分析，前后一致，选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等．这篇完型要多注意：填空时多联系上下文，注意固定搭配，答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确．【解析】32、in．考查介词．全世界有1100万人死于高糖饮食，in指在某一方面，所以填in．33、to blame．考查固定短语．be to blame是固定短语"要受责备"，所以填to blame．34、were reported．考查被动．findings与动词report之间是被动关系，所以填were reported．35、was．考查时态．句意：牛奶和全谷类食品平均价格太低．be on average"平均"．本文的叙述是过去时，所以填was．36、any．考查固定短语．any other是固定短语"任何其他的"，饮食不良导致的死亡比世界上任何其他危险因素都要多．所以填any．37、director．考查名词．华盛顿大学健康计量与评估研究所所长，director在句中做同位语．38、which．考查定语从句．本句是非限制性定语从句，which在从句中做主语，用which引导．39、recommended．考查非谓语．句意：坚果和种子的推荐量．本句是过去分词在句中做定语．40、an．考查冠词．对人类和地球健康的"理想饮食"，这里是泛指，ideal开头发原音，所以用an．41、reducing．考查非谓语．这样的饮食还包括将肉类和糖的消耗量减少一半．此处是用动名词做宾语，所以填reducing．项新的研究发现，2017年，全世界有1100万人死于高糖、高盐和加工肉类的饮食，而这些食品在一定程度上是心脏病、癌症和糖尿病的罪魁祸首．语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力，在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意，在读懂短文的基础上，结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析．要解决好语法填空，离不开坚实的语法知识，有了坚实的语法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断，从而答对题目．五.【答案】【小题1】abnormal【小题2】had adopted【小题3】running out of【小题4】stressed【小题5】Absorbed【小题6】preference【小题7】possessed【小题8】admirable【小题9】（should）apply【小题10】Instantly【解析】（1）abnormal．考查派生词．根据句意可知表示"畸形的"，做表语，用形容词abnormal．（2）had adopted．考查谓语动词．根据句意可知表示"采取"，表示和过去的事实相反， If 从句的谓语动词用过去完成时态had adopted．（3）running out of．考查非谓语动词．根据句意可知表示"用完了" ，在 With 的复合结构里，和名词the printer 是主动关系，用现在分词running out of．（4）stressed．考查非谓语动词．根据句意可知表示"强调"，做后置定语，和名词the protection of the environment 构成被动关系，用过去分词stressed．（5）Absorbed．考查非谓语动词．根据句意可知表示"全神贯注地"，和主语he构成被动关系，用过去分词 Absorbed．（6）preference．考查派生词．根据句意可知表示"偏爱"，用固定短语have a preference for ，所以答案是preference．（7）possessed．考查谓语动词．根据句意可知表示"有"，因为表示和现在的事实相反的虚拟语气，在How he wishes 的宾语从句里，谓语动词用过去式possessed．（8）admirable．考查派生词．根据句意可知表示"令人钦佩的"，做定语从句，修饰名词qualities，用形容词admirable．（9）（should）apply．考查谓语动词．根据句意可知表示"应用"，因为主句的谓语动词 required 表示"要求"，所以主语从句的谓语动词用（should）apply．（10）Instantly．考查派生词．根据句意可知表示"一…就"，引导时间状语从句the waste is swallowed，用副词Instantly．（1）吸烟夫妇的婴儿可能出生体重较小，甚至在某种程度上是畸形的．（2）如果他们采取这样的措施，这个项目就不会以失败告终．（3）由于打印机上用完了纸张，大部分关于调查统计的工作不得不暂停．（4）工厂在生产过程中，对被政府一次又一次地强调的环境保护重视了．（5）他全神贯注地读着小说《傲慢与偏见》，忘了在本该下车的地方下车．（6）许多教师承认，他们对那些设定目标、不遗余力地实现目标的学生有着偏爱．（7）看到父亲因为付不起医药费而被迫出院，真是太痛苦了，他多么希望他现在能有一大笔财产！（8）尼尔更令人钦佩的品质之一是，尽管面临巨大挑战，他仍能保持乐观．（9）公司要求工人把他们所学的应用到他们正在做的事情上．（10）废物一被吞下，新生产的机器就会处理并回收．考查选词填句．选择合适的短语主要的依据是句子的含义，我们往往会根据空格前后的句子，短语和单词来选出合适的短语；同时还要注意使用短语的正确形式，特别是动词短语，首先要判断是做谓语还是非谓语，如果是谓语动词要注意时态和语态，如果是非谓语动词，要注意判断所做的句子成分，从而选用正确的非谓语动词的形式．六.【答案】Dear Harry，I'm sorry to learn that you have some difficulty adapting to your life in China． And I quite understand howyou feel now．（表示安慰）To get used to the life here， you are advised to learn about Chinese cultures． I think it a good idea to seize all the chances available to talk with the Chinese around you，from whom you will，without fail，be informed of our usual practices．【高分句型一】Additionally，when free，you should travel around to experience local customs and cultures．【高分句型二】（给出建议）I hope the suggestions will be of help and that you will have a pleasant stay here．Best wishes!（寄予希望）Yours，Li Hua【解析】高分句型一： I think it a good idea to seize all the chances available to talk with the Chinese around you，from whom you will，without fail，be informed of our usual practices．译文：我认为抓住一切机会与你周围的中国人交谈是一个好主意，从他们那里你将毫无疑问地了解我们的惯例．分析：使用from whom引导非限制性定语从句．高分句型二：Additionally，when free，you should travel around to experience local customs and cultures．译文：另外，有空的话，你应该四处旅行，体验当地的风俗和文化．分析：when引导省略的时间状语从句．这是一篇提纲类作文，我们需要用正确的英语把给出的要点表达出来．动笔前，一定要认真分析要点，理解要点要表达的含义，不能遗漏要点，跑题偏题．本作文中给出的要点比较具体，故需要准确表达．写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使。
湖北省襄阳市四校2019-2020学年高二英语上学期期中试题
2019—2020学年上学期高二期中考试英语试题时间：120分钟分值：150分本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。
第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What season is it now?A.Autumn.B.Winter.C.Spring.2.Where does Cindy prefer to go?A.The stadium.B.The bookstore.C.The cinema.3.What does George need to do?A.Repair his window.B.Paint his house.C.Get a ladder.4.What are the speakers doing now?A.Having dinner.B.Climbing a mountain.C.Seeing a movie.5.When can the man meet the president?A.At9:30.B.At11:45.C.At12:30.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.What is the relationship between the speakers?A.Brother and sister.B.Mother and son.C.Doctor and patient.7.What will the speakers do next month?A.Hold a party.B.Attend a wedding.C.Have a family dinner.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
湖北省荆州2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题及答案
荆州2023～2024学年高二上期末考试英语试题（答案在最后）第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?£19.15 B.£9.18. C.£9.15.答案是C。
1.How does the woman want her meat cooked?A.Rare.B.Medium-rare.C.Well done.2.Which place might the man go to this weekend?A.A concert hall.B.A stadium.C.A gallery.3.What are the speakers talking about?A.Polite greetings.B.Table manners.C.Body language.4.What are the speakers doing?A.Taking a picture.B.Having a haircut.C.Looking at a photo.5.What will the man do after he gets home?A.Drive to a furniture store.B.Buy the woman a new table.C.Borrow a truck from the woman.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
2018-2019学年上学期高二期末试卷英语试题(附答案)
河北2018---- 2019学年上学期高二期末试卷英语试题本试题分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。
考试结束后，只交答题纸和答题卡，试题自己保留。
试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
第I卷（三部分，共115分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、c三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What will the man probably do during his holiday?A．Do his work． B．Travel to Qingdao． C．Climb some mountains．2．What does the woman 0flfer the man?A．Iced tea． B．Cookies． C．Chips．3．How much did the woman buy her watch for?A．$1 000． B．$800． C．$200．4．What is the relationship between the speakers?A．BOSS and employee． B．Waiter and customer． C．Co．workers．5．What are the speakers mainly talking about?A．Their biology teacher． B．The woman’s parents． C．The pet of the class．第二节听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独自后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Why is Anna going to Greece?A．To go on vacation． B．To attend a wedding． C．To be on a business trip．7．What does Tim like about Greece?A．The boats． B．The people． C．The food．听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
2019-2020学年湖北省高一(上)期末英语试卷附答案
2019-2020学年湖北省高一（上）期末英语试卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分7.5分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话．每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置．听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题．每段对话仅读一遍．1．（1.5分）What did the man like when he was in college？A．Pop music．B．Classical music．C．Rock music．2．（1.5分）Where are the speakers？A．On a train．B．On a bus．C．In a taxi．3．（1.5分）What will the man do next？A．Take a picture．B．Read a book．C．Play with a boy．4．（1.5分）What are the speakers talking about？A．Who will go to the party．B．Whether the party is formal．C．What the woman will wear to the party．5．（1.5分）How many paper bags does the man need？A．One．B．Two．C．Three．第二节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分22. 5分）听下面5段对话或独白．每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置．听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间．每段对话或独白读两遍．6．（3分）（1）Why does the woman talk to the man？A．To ask for his advice．B．To borrow some money．C．To tell him the price of a swimsuit．（2）Which swimsuit will the woman get？A．The brown one．B．The purple one．C．The blue one．7．（3分）（1）Why was Darina chosen as the woman's first name？A．It is her grandmother's first name．B．It has a special meaning．C．Her grandmother likes it．（2）What does the name Matthew mean？A．Judge．B．Gift of God．C．The man who leads the army．8．（4.5分）（1）How did the woman come to San Francisco？A．By plane．B．By train．C．By car．（2）What will the man do？A．Have some coffee in a cafe．B．Visit his uncle．C．Pick up the woman．（3）What does the man suggest the woman do？A．Have drinkB．Call her parents．C．Go around San Francisco．9．（6分）（1）Who can the man probably be？A．A journalist．B．A customer．C．The boss of the restaurant．（2）What is the man satisfied with？A．The kitchen．B．The service．C．The food．（3）What seems to be worrying the man most？A．The restaurant is not clean．B．Mice are seen in the washroom．C．The food is too traditional．（4）What do we know about the man？A．He likes beef and fish best．B．He has reported the restaurant．C．He has owned a restaurant before．10．（6分）（1）Why did the speaker buy a car at first？A．To make his life easier．B．To go to school on time．C．To show off among his classmates．（2）Why did the speaker get a fine（罚金）？A．He didn't buy insurance．B．He was caught speeding．C．He parked his car in a wrong place．（3）How long did it take the speaker to find a parking place？A．Thirty minutes．B．Fifteen minutes．C．Thirteen minutes．（4）What was the speaker's headache？A．He couldn't sell the car．B．He was often fined for breaking traffic rules．C．The car brought him much trouble．第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分25.0分）第一节（共3小题；每小题2. 5分，满分25.0分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项．11．（7.5分）Managing a popular tourist attraction can be kind of like throwing a party 一everyone wants to come and have fun，but nobody wants to help clean up when it's over．But the Faroe Islandshave come up with a creative way to take care of their home and welcome visitors at the same lime．An official notice on the islands' national tourism website reads " closed for maintenance （维护），open for voluntourism．" Following a successful plan this year，the country has made the decision to "close" its major tourism sights and attractions during the weekend of April 16﹣17，2020．Hotels will be open，and flights will continue．That weekend，people all over the Faroe Islands will be working on environmental protection projects．However，people who are just dying to visit the Faroe Islands during that weekend can sign on to help with the housekeeping．The islands are looking for 100 volunteers to come to the country to help with the caretaking efforts．There were thousands of applications for the 2019 plan，so would﹣be islanders better apply fast．"For us，tourism is not all about numbers，" Director at Visit Faroe Islands told CNN Travel earlier this year．" We welcome visitors to the islands each year，but we also have a responsibility to our community and to our beautiful environment，and our aim is to protect the islands，ensuring responsible growth．" The first group of voluntourists included travelers from Mexico，Israel，Australia，China and the United States．The director said that because of the surprising popularity of the volunteering weekend in 2019，the Faroes will host the event yearly．According to the Faroes' tourism authority，visits to the country have increased by 10% over the past few years．（1）Who can visit the Faroe Islands on April 16﹣17，2020？A．Any tourists．B．Selected voluntourists．C．Housekeepers．D．All islanders．（2）What's the Faroes' purpose to host the yearly event!。
广东省中山市2019-2020学年高二下学期期末统考英语试题(含答案解析)
中山市高二年级2019-2020学年度第二学期期末统一考试英语科试卷注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡的卷头上。
2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第一部分阅读理解第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
ATechnology never stops moving. These inventions will be here sooner than you think, so it’s best to get your wallet ready for them.5G networks will bring the Internet everywhereThe most exciting thing about 5G is that it will be a full-on broadband internet service meaning that instead of,having one service for your mobile devices and one for home internet, you’ll be able to get home 5G and take it with you, as well. That also means less reliance（依赖）on wi-fi.Smart needles will detect cancer in momentsRight now, most cancers aren’t detected until something goes wrong, which is what the smart needle hopes to change. Cancerous tissue and healthy tissue reflect light differently, according to Medical Xpress. The way the smart needle works is by shining light through the tissue in question and then quickly calculating if the tissue is sick or healthy. It takes seconds, and without painful operations.People will be able to feel things in virtual realityVirtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) attracted a lot of attention in the last decade, but things will only get more interesting from here, starting with the ability to touch and feel the things we see through all the various kinds of computer-generated pictures.Plant-based meat is going to grow in new ways2019 was the year of plant-based meats, with Beyond Meat introducing burgers that tasted just about the same as actual beef, but made entirely out of plants. The company is planning to improve the flavor of its meat as time goes on. In the near future, mankind is looking at the possibility of completely animal-free meats of all kinds.1. How does the smart needle work?A. By sending out light.B. By calculating time.C. By performing operations.D. By changing cancerous tissue.2. What are the burgers produced by Beyond Meat made of?A. Beef.B. Flour.C. Plants.D. Animal meat.3. What do the four things have in common?A. All of them are already on the market.B. All of them are inventions on the way.C. All of them attracted a lot of attention.D. All of them rely heavily on the Internet.BDear Dale,I want to be closer to my mom, but whenever I try to share things with her, she doesn’t understand. Skyline Dear Skyline,As we grow up, our interests change a lot. As a teenager, it may just be that your mom and you don’t share the same interests right now. It’s normal for the relationship between teenagers and their parents to become distant for a short while.If you don’t think your mom understands you or your interests, why not try to get involved in some of hers? If she has a hobby, try to join in with it. For example, if she’s a good cook, ask her to teach you some recipes. If she likes running, go for a run with her.Likewise（同样地）, try to get her involved in the things that you do often. Invite her to go to the movies or to coffee together, or ask her to help you study some time.Another great way to get to know your mom better is to ask her about her childhood. My mother has lots of great tales about being a teenager in the 1960s, and hearing her share them and laughing at her funny memories always brings us closer together. Ask your mom about her life as a teenager too I bet she’d love to share her stories There could be many reasons that your mom might seem too busy to do things with you. She could just be tiredfrom a long day of work, or she may have a problem of her own that’s affecting how she acts toward others.Whatever happens, don’t worry. She loves you and always will. And hopefully one day soon, you will both understand each other perfectly.4. What is Skyline’s problem?A. She doesn’t live close to her mom.B. She doesn’t share things with her mom.C. Her mom is too busy to spend time with her.D. Her mom doesn’t understand her.5. What does Dale think of Skyline’s problem?A. Typical.B. Unusual.C. Strange.D. Tough.6. Why does Dale advise Skyline to ask her mom about her childhood?A. To encourage her mom to talk to her.B. To give her mom time to think of the past.C. To help her know more about her mom.D. To get her a chance to laugh at her mom.7. What can we infer from Paragraph 5 of Dale’s letter to Skyline?A. Skyline’s mom has a problem of her own.B. Skyline’s mom probably isn’t a good mother..C Skyline is badly treated by her mom at home.D. Skyline probably doesn’t understand her mom.CFor decades, China had wanted a Nobel Prize in science. Tu Youyou, a researcher who helped to develop a malaria（疟疾）medicine, finally won the country that honor.In fact, Tu is not the only scientist in China who is catching the world’s attention. In 2016, the Nature journal published a list of the top 10 science stars in China. Gao Caixia and Cui Weicheng are two of them.Gao Caixia has been devoted to genetic engineering for her whole career. She is known for using CRISPR-Cas9, the revolutionary gene-editing technique that is sweeping through biology labs around the world – in crops.At first, Gao was unwilling to take up gene editing using CRISPR-Cas9 because her lab at the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology in Beijing had already created mutations（变异）in 82 genes using an older type of technology. But after thinking carefully about it, she decided to give it a try.After a year of hard work, her lab finally succeeded. Gao worked on genetic engineering in wheat, a crop that is famous for being difficult to work with. Now she is considered one of the best in the world at engineering wheat.Cui Weicheng is the developer of China’s record-setting Jiaolong submersibl（e 潜水器）. He is now a professor at Westlake University. In 2012, Cui rode inside China’s Jiaolong submersible and reached a depth of more than 7,000 meters in the Pacific.Thanks to Jiaolong and the 57-year-old developer, China is now one of only a few nations that can explore the deep sea. Jiaolong can travel deeper than any other manned research submersible currently in use, which shows China’s increasing ambition and leadership in deep-sea research.8. Why is Tu Youyou mentioned at the beginning of the passage?A. To show one of China’s long-held dreams.B. To stress the importance of the Nobel Prize.C. To praise Tu Youyou for her contributions.D. To introduce more top Chinese scientists.9. Why did Gao Caixia work on wheat?A. Because she failed in her attempt to study other crops..B Because she was expert at wheat engineering.C. Because wheat is hard to be genetically engineered.D. Because wheat is the most widely planted crop in China.10. What is Cui Weicheng’s biggest contribution to China?A. He teaches about sea at a university.B. He developed Jiaolong submersible.C. He is devoted to genetic engineering.D. He reached the bottom of the ocean.11. What is the best title for the passage?A. China’s Science StarsB. China’s Nobel Prize DreamC. Gao Caixia－China’s Crop EngineerD. Cui Weicheng－China’s Deep DiverDPeople do better when more is expected of them. In education circles, this is called the Pygmalion Effect.The Pygmalion effect got its name from the story of Pygmalion, a mythica（虚构的）Greek sculptor.Pygmalion carved a statue of a woman and then fell in love with it. He appealed to Aphrodite, the goddess of love, who brought the statue to life and helped the couple get married. Just as Pygmalion’s fixation on the statue brought it to life, our focus on a student can do the same in schools. Research by Robert Rosenthal and Lenore Jacobson examined the influence of teachers’ expectations on students’ performance. They began by testing the IQ of elementary school students. Teachers were told that the IQ test showed around one-fifth of their students to be unusually intelligent. But unknown to the teachers, the “gifted” students were chosen at random. Actually they had no big statistical advantage over the other kids. As the study period ended, all students had their IQs retested. Both groups showed an improvement. Yet those who were described as intelligent experienced much greater gains in their IQ points. Rosenthal and Jacobson owed this result to the Pygmalion effect. Teachers paid more attention to “gifted” students, offering more support and encouragement than they would otherwise.In general, teachers have the power to influence how the students behave by holding high expectations. If a teacher thinks a student is brilliant, they will treat them as such. The student then gets more opportunities to develop their ability, and their performance improves. This works both ways. When a student expects a teacher to be excellent or successful, they tend to be attentive and supportive. In the process, they improve their performance, too. Students who act interested in lectures create interesting lecturers.12. Where did the Pygmalion effect get its name from?A. A statue of a lady.B. The goddess of love.C. A character in a literary work.D. The story made up by Pygmalion.13. The underlined expression “fixation on” in Paragraph 2 most probably meansA. worship ofB. affection forC. marriage toD. sympathy for14. What is the purpose of Rosenthal and Jacobson’s research?A. To improve the kids’ IQ.B. To pick out gifted students.C. To expand teachers’ influence.D. To examine the Pygmalion effect.15. What can students do to make a teacher excellent?A. Support the teacher by treating them as excellent.B. Attend interesting lectures given by the teacher.C. Work hard to get prepared for opportunities.D. Show great interest in lectures on acting.第二节根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。