2023年上海市徐汇区高三上学期高考一模英语试卷(含答案)
2021届上海徐汇区高三英语一模试题(含答案及听力文稿)
2020学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高三英语试卷答案及听力文稿L Listening Comprehension1-5 CCBDA 6-10ABADD11.11-13 BCB 14-16 ABC 17-20 CACDIL Grammar and vocabulary21 ・ are overlooked 22. more active 23. which 24. unless 25. focused26. instead of/rather than 27. what 2& when 29. interacting 30. but31-35 K F J A G 36-40H D I B CIII.Reading Comprehension41-45 CACAB 46-50 BDDCA 51-55 BCADB56-58 CBB 59-62 ACCD 63-66 CAAD67-70 CFDAIV.Summary WritingThere are two no-cost ways to help you improve your learning: wakeful rest and sleep・ Resting after you study may help you remember what you studied. By reducing your activity after the study session, your brain gets a chance to rest. In addition, sleep is also important for learning and forming memories・V.Translation72. Can't a developins country host a world expo?1 0.5 1 0.573. Today I will do what others won t do so tomorrow I can accomplish what others caift.1.5 0.5 174.There is no doubt that (Undoubtedly.) ourtop priori^ righl now is to send food and medical supplies1 1 1to 山c disasZhit/slrickcn area・175.Whatever you arc good at, you will make true friends as long as you arc sincere, arc ready / willing to1 1 1 1help others and have a sense of humor.1VL Guided WritingL Listening ComprehensionSection A Short ConversationsDirections：In Section A. you will hear ten short conversations benveen two speakers. At the end of each conversation. a question will he asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once・ After you hear a conversation and the question about read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.W: Mike, Frn afraid we've got a problem. We can't afford the rent this month. I guess I d better ask Mon andDad for a loan. or ask my boss for a raise・M:WelL yeah. It's a problem. But maybe I d better not take anotlier English course this semester.Q:What problem are they talking about? C2.M: Til have these shirts. Please tell me how much I owe you.W:They are 10 dollars each, and 5 make a total of 50 dollars. But today we offer a 10% discount.Q:How much does the man have to pay? C3.M： Congratulations. You've done a great job and I must say you deserve that grade.W: Well, I really studied hard for that test for over three months・ Now, I can relax for a while・Q: Why is the woman so happy? B4.M: If you are in a hurry, you can take the subway. If you want to go sightseeing, take a bus・W: Actually, I don't have to be at die conference before noon.Q: What will the woman probably do? D5.W: How was your interview?M: I couldn't feel better about it. I seemed to find answers for all the questions.Q: How does the man feel about the interview? A6.W: I read in the newspaper that the movie you recommended is excellent.M: Fve also read some negative reviews.Q: What can be learned from the conversation? A7.W: The work you've done on your house is certainly impressive»Mr. Stone・How long have you beenworking on it?M: I first became interested m DIY several years ago. Fve worked on my house every now and then for almosta year now. You know, paying workmen to do it is not in my budget.Q:What do we learn about Mr. Stone? B& M: What is Mr. Milson going to do with his old house on Wellington Street? Rent it or sell it?W: He said he is thinkuig of tiirmiig it into a hotel, which isn't a bad idea, because it's still a solid building ・Q: What will Mr. Milson do with his old house?9.W: Donald said he got A s in all his tests.M: Nancy, you should know better than to take Donalds words too seriously.Q: What does the man imply? D10.M: How do you like Professor Thatcher^s course on the History of Philosophy? He is a distinguished scholaron that subject.W: He is a great teacher. But I'm having a hard time with the readmg list. I feel I can’t e\*er finish it.Q: What problem does the woman have with the course? DSection BDirections：In Section B. you will hear several longer conversations and short passages., and you will he asked several questions on each of the conversation(s・ and the passage(s.・ The conversations・ and the passage(s. will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.When British musician Paul Barton performs in central Thailand lately, his energetic listeners react wildly. Some pull his hair or jump on his piano. Others steal his music・The behavior is normal, however, because these crowds are tnily wild ・-wild monkeys to be exact.Barton plays often to the animals in Lopburi, an area known for its populations of wild macaque monkeys・The pianist hopes the music shows bring calm to the animals during the coronavinis crisis・The disease has caused problems for the monkeys, too・ They are hungry. The restrictions on tourism mean fewer people come to see the monkeys and feed them・M We need to make an effort to make sure that they eat properly. And when they eat properly they will be calmer and will not be aggressive；1 said Barton, 59、a long-time Thailand resident.Barton has played at four sites in Lopburi, including at an ancient Hindu temple, a store and an old movie theater・The macaques quickly surround Barton when he plays Greensleeves, Beethoven's FUr Elise and Michael Nyman’s Diary of Love・ Some of the creatures sit on his chair, while others climb up his body and touch his head. But. Barton keeps his attention on his performance, even as a small monkey runs over his hands on the instrument. Other monkeys take control of his music papers・H I was surprised to play the piano and find that they were actually eating the music as I was playing it.MBut. he added. H I wasn’t going to let those things distract from the project which is to play the music for these wonderful macaques.MBarton hopes to raise awareness of the monkeys1 hunger. At the same time, he hopes to study their behavior as they react to classical music・"I l’s possible that the music can play a part of the recovery process/ he said・Questions:11 ・ What's the problem with those monkeys in Thailand?12.What was the monkey's reaction to Mr. Barton's performance?13.What's the purpose of Mr. Barton's perforniaiice to the monkeys?Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.A recent study of middle school children showed that verbal abuse by other children, such as unkind words, name-calling or even the so-called "the silent treatment'5, can harm development m the bram.The study was a project of researchers at Harvard Medical School in Massachusetts. They studied young adults, ages 18 to 25. These young men and women had no experience with domestic violence, physically or verbally, by their parents・The researchers asked the young people to rate their childhood exposure to verbal abuse from both parents and other children・ Tlien the researchers performed imaging tests on the brains of the subjects.The images showed that the individuals who reported suffering verbal abuse from their peers in middle school had underdeveloped connections between the left and right side of the brain.The two sides of the brain are connected by a large bundle of connecting fibers. This was the area that was underdeveloped ・The middle school years are a time when these brain connections are developing・So. unkind, hurtful comments from children or adults during this period had the greatest effect.The researchers tested the mental and emotional condition of all the young people in the study. The tests showed that this same group of individuals had higher levels of fear, depression. anger and drug abuse than others in the study・The researchers published their findings online, pointing out that we cannot control what other people say to our children, but we can prepare them. A website called suggests 64 things that all children need to hear, such as "You are creativeZ1 Or Ttn really proud of you/Questions:14.What kind of young people are selected as subjects in the research?15.What may a person suffer from being exposed in verbal abuse in childhood?16.What are teachers and parents supposed to do after learning from the findings?Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation・W: Thanks for coming with me to the Placement Center, Ali.M: Don t mention it. It's nice to have your con^>aiiy. Besides, I need to find a summer job here in Los Angeles, too!W: What kind of job are you looking for, Ali?M: I m hopmg to find one in my major, public health.W: I m sure you can. Do you have any experience in public health?M: Yes, I do. I worked part-time in a lab in Maryland last summer.W: That's great? I want to find a job writing for a local newspaper. I d like to be a reporter. M: Your major's journalism, isn't it?W: Uh-huh. I had a great job last summer when I was in Mexico City.M: Really? What did you do?W: I worked part-tune for Excelsior. It5s tlie biggest newspaper in Mexico.M: What did you do there?W: I wrote local news stories, you know, news about Mexico City. But someday I want to write international news stories・ Then I can travel around the world and find out what people are like in other places, such as China and Japan・M: Tliat sounds wonderfill. Fm sure you can do it.W: Are there any jobs in public health on the bulletin board?M: No, I don't see anything mteresting.W: you should try looking on the web. There are some great job sites. That’s how I foimd the job m Mexico City. M: Tliat a good idea. Do I search for public health" ?W: Try "jobs ill public health'5 or the name of specific jobs. I searched for ^newspaper reporter：M: Til go to the computer lab right now and try that! See you later.17.Where are the two speakers?18.What's the boy's major in college?19.What’s the girfs purpose of being an international journalist?20.How did the girl get her part-time job last summer?。
英语_2020年上海市徐汇区高考英语一模试卷含答案
2020年上海市徐汇区高考英语一模试卷II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections： After reading the passage below， fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word； for the other blanks， use one word that best fits each blank.1.Once upon a time …Once upon a time there lived in Germany two brothers． At school they met a wise man who led them to a treasure ﹣ a library of old books with tales more fascinating than any they had ever heard．（1）________（inspire）， the brothers began collecting their own stories，listening to the folktales people told them． Soon they produced their own treasure ﹣ a book of fairy tales that would charm millions in faraway lands for generations （2）________（come）．The brothers Grimm， Jacob and Wilhelm， named their story collection Children's and Household Tales and published it in Germany in 1812． The collection （3）________（translate） into more than 160 languages up to now． The stories and their characters continue to feature in virtually every media： theatre， opera， comic books， movies，paintings， rock music， advertising and fashion．Such fame would have shocked the modest Grimms． During their lifetimes the collection （4）________（sell） few copies in Germany． The early editions were not even aimed at children． They had no illustrations， and scholarly footnotes took up almost as much space as the tales （5）________． Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm began their work at a time （6）________ Germany had been occupied by the French under Napoleon． The new rulers restricted local culture． As young scholars， the brothers Grimm began to work on thefairy tale collection in order to save the endangered oral storytelling tradition of Germany．（7）________ the brothers implied that they were just keeping records of tales， Wilhelm continued to polish and reshape the stories up to the final edition of 1857． In an effort to make them more acceptable to children and their parents， he stressed the moral of eachtale and emphasized gender roles． To this day， parents still read them to their children because they approve of the lessons in the stories： keep your promises， don't talk to strangers， work hard， obey your parents．Yet （8）________ all Wilhelm's additions， the most important part of these stories was left untouched． The cruel treatment of children and the violent punishments handed out to the stories' bad guys are too much for some parents．So what accounts for their popularity？ Some have suggested that it is （9）________ the characters are always striving for happiness． But the truth probably lies in theirorigin． Grimms' tales were born out of a storytelling tradition without boundaries （界限）of age or culture． The brothers' skill was to translate these into a universal style of writing that seems to mirror （10）________ moods or interests we bring to our reading ofthem． And so it was that the Grimms' fairy tales lived happily ever after．Section BDirections： Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.2. A． distributedB． absolutelyC． infections D． consumeE． harborF． relianceG． potential H． specific I． originate J． respectively K． revealed Microplastic PollutionIn the past few years， scientists have found microplastics in our soil， tap water， bottled water， beer and even in the air we breathe． And there's growing concern about the （1）_______health risks they poseto humans．The new analysis in the UK have discovered microplastics widely （2）_______ across all 10 lakes and rivers sampled． More than 1，000 small pieces of plastic per litre were found in the River Tame， which was （3）_______ last year as the most polluted place tested worldwide． Even in relatively remote places such as the Falls of Dochart and Loch Lomondin Scotland， two or three pieces per litre were found．Microplastics are not a （4）_______ kind of plastic， but rather any type of small pieces of plastic that is less than 5 mm in length according to the U．S． National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration． They may （5）_______ from a variety of sources， including cosmetics， clothing， and industrial processes．Humans are known to （6）_______ the tiny plastic particles through food and water， butthe possible health effects on people and ecosystems have yet to be determined． One study，in Singapore， has found that microplastics can （7）_______ harmful microbes （微生物）．Research by the National University of Singapore found more than 400 types of bacteria on 275 pieces of microplastic collected from local beaches． They included insects that cause gastroenteritis （肠胃炎） and wound （8）_______ in humans．"Microplastics are being found （9）_______ everywhere but we do not know the harm they could be doing，" said Christian Dunn at Bangor University， Wales， who led the work． "It's no use looking back in 20 years' time and saying： 'If only we'd realized justhow bad it was．' We need to be monitoring our waters now and we need to think， as a country and a world， how we can be reducing our （10）_______on plastic．"III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections： For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A， B， C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.3. Since 2008, the average labour﹣force participation rate of 55﹣ to 64﹣year﹣olds in OECD （Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development） countries has risen by eight percentage points． A new OECD report, "Working Better with Age", points out thatthe employment of older workers is （1）_______, if prosperity is to be maintained． Thatcan be taken as a sign that our society is finally （2）_______the value of its older employees． Retirement gives you the chance to sleep late and avoid the morning rush hours． No longer do you have to sit through endless meetings or check email frequently． But work can keep the mind active and gives people a （3）_______ in life． The first month of retirement may seem pleasant, but （4）_______is sure to come． Grand plans to learn languages and travel the world can quickly lose their appeal．（5）_______, the company of colleagues provides a social network; spending all week at home can lead to loneliness．Working longer should be easier now that most jobs require （6）_______, rather than manual, labour． Of course, many people are working longer not because they enjoy what they do, but because they cannot afford to（7）_______． That is not just because governments have been pushing up the state retirement age．（8）_______, the average age at which people actually retire differs from the official age by several years． In part, that is because many people do not rely on the state pension as their only source of income and need work﹣related pensions to supplement it．However, companies are gradually （9）_______ pensions linked to final salaries with "defined contribution" schemes． Under the latter, workers end up with a pot of savings at retirement that needs to be（10）_______． The income from such pots has been reduced by very low interest rates． Women tend to have smaller retirement pots （thanks to their years spent raising children）, making their difficulties even more （11）_______． They need to keep working．Older workers may feel （12）_______, particularly when it comes to promotion． Two issues seem to hold （13）_______ back． The first is that older workers tend to （14）_______ higher salaries, because of the seniority system． The second is a （15）_______of skills; one in three 55﹣ to 65﹣year﹣olds in OECD countries either lack computer experience or cannot pass technology tests． Such problems can be resolved with proper training, but the over﹣55s should take it upon themselves to keep up with technological changes．（1）A shortsightedB vitalC adequateD unnecessary（2）A recognizingB assessingC questioningD transforming（3）A frameB choiceC lessonD purpose（4）A libertyB boredomC priorityD motivation（5）A HoweverB InsteadC ThereforeD Furthermore（6）A mentalB simpleC physicalD routine（7）A proceedB continueC persistD quit（8）A In conclusionB In other wordsC In practiceD In particular（9）A replacingB furnishingC increasingD combining（10）A registeredB reinvestedC refundedD removed（11）A personalB severeC emotionalD practical（12）A competitiveB dominantC distinguishedD disadvantaged（13）A employersB researchersC employeesD female workers（14）A commandB ensureC opposeD ignore（15）A rangeB disciplineC shortageD setSection BDirections： Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A， B， C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.4. Agnes de Mille was a dancer and a choreographer （编舞）． Early in her career, de Mille had created the choreography for a ballet called Three Virgins and a Devil． She thought it was good work, but nobody made much of it．A few years later, de Mille choreographed a ballet named Rodeo． Again, she thought her work was solid, but it resulted in little commercial fame．Then, in 1943, de Mille choreographed Oklahoma!, a musical show that enjoyed nearly instant success． In the coming years, Oklahoma! would run for an incredible 2, 212 performances, both around the nation and abroad． In 1955, the film version won an Academy Award．But the success of Oklahoma! didn't bring her much happiness． She thought that her work on Oklahoma! was only average compared to some of her other creations． She later said, "After the opening of Oklahoma!, I suddenly had unexpected success for a work I thought was only fairly good, after years of neglect for work I thought was fine． I began to think that perhaps my entire scale of values was untrustworthy． I talked to Martha．"Martha was Martha Graham, perhaps the most influential dance choreographer of the20th century．（Although not as well﹣known by the general public, Graham has been compared to other creative geniuses like Picasso or Frank Lloyd Wright．）During their conversation, de Mille told Martha Graham about her frustration． "Iconfessed that I had a burning desire to be excellent, but no faith that I could be．"Graham responded by saying,"There is a vitality, a life force, an energy, a quickening that is translated through you into action, and because there is only one of you in all of time, this expression is unique． And if you block it, it will never exist through any other medium and it will be lost． The world will not have it． It is not your business to determine how good it is nor how valuable nor how it compares with other expressions． It is your business to keep it yours clearly and directly, to keep the channel open．"（1）What can be learned about de Mille's ballet named Rodeo？________A Itearned her a large fortune．B It made her rise to fame overnight．C It didn't enjoy much success．D It laid a solid foundation for her career．．（2）How did de Mille feel about the great success of the musical Oklahoma!？________A Relieved．B Ashamed．C Confused．D Proud．．（3）Picasso and Frank Lloyd Wright were mentioned in the passage to suggest that Martha Graham________．A was outstanding in visual arts and architectureB enjoyed the same popularity as themC had been influenced greatly by themD was the most influential artist in her field．（4）Which of the following statements best represents Graham's words in this passage？________A Comparing with others prevents you from maintaining uniqueness．B You should always keep yourself open to the urges that motivate you．C Your action reveals the inner landscape， which is the soul of music．D Choosing to be positive is going to determine how you live your life．（1）Compared to traditional houses， container houses are________．A easier to maintainB less expensive to buildC more comfortable to livein D more fashionable in style．（2）What can be learned about Amsterdam's Keetwonen complex？________A It is the first container city in the world．B It's equipped with modern facilities．C It features a luxury and unique style．D It includes living space and car parks．．（3）Which of the following is the best title for the poster？________A Recycled material for Ideal HomeB Shipping Container HomeChallenges C Home in a Steel Box D Housing Options and Solutions．6. On August 29th, as Hurricane Dorian tracked towards America's east coast, Elon Musk, the boss of Tesla, an electric﹣car maker, announced that some of his customers in the storm's path would find that their cars had suddenly developed the ability to drive farther on a single battery charge． Like many modern vehicles, Mr． Musk's products are best thought of as internet﹣connected computers on wheels． The cheaper models in Tesla's line﹣up have parts of their batteries disabled by the car's software in order to limit their range． At the tap of a keyboard in Palo Alto, the firm was able to remove those restrictions and give drivers temporary access to the full power of their batteries．Mr． Musk's computerized cars are just one example of a much broader trend． As computers and connectivity become cheaper, it makes sense to bake them into more and more things that are not, in themselves, computers, creating an "internet of things"．Such a world will bring many benefits． Consumers will get convenience, and products that can do things non﹣computerized versions cannot． Businesses will get efficiency, as information about the physical world that used to be uncertain becomes concrete and analyzable．In the long term, though, the most obvious effects will be in how the world works． Ever more companies will become tech companies; the internet will become everywhere． As a result, a series of unresolved arguments will spill over from the virtual world into the realone．Start with ownership． As Mr Musk showed, the internet gives firms the ability to stay connected to their products even after they have been sold, transforming them into something closer to services than goods． That has already made the traditional ideas of ownership unclear． When Microsoft closed its ebook store in July, for instance, its customers lost the ability to read titles they had bought （the firm offered refunds）． That shifts the balance of power from the customer to the seller．Virtual business models will ________ in the physical world． Tech firms are generally happy to move fast and break things． But you cannot release the beta version （测试版） of a fridge． Apple, a smartphonemaker, provides updates for its phones for only five years or so after their release; users of Android smartphones are lucky to get two． But goods such as washing machines or industrial machinery can have lifespans of a decade ormore． Firms will need to work out how to support complicated computerised devices long after their original programmers have moved on．Data will be another flashpoint． For much of the internet the business model is to offer "free" services that are paid for with valuable user data, collected with consent （同意）that is half﹣informed at best． In the virtual world, arguments about what should be tracked, and who owns the resulting data, can seem airy and theoretical． In the real one, they will feel more urgent．Predicting the consequences of any technology is hard ﹣ especially one as universal as computing． The emergence of the consumer internet, 25 years ago, was met with starry﹣eyed optimism． These days the internet's faults dominate the headlines． But the people have the advantage of having lived through the first internet revolution ﹣ which should give them some idea of what to expect．（1）From the passage we can tell that Tesla can________．A drive faster than usual in extreme weatherB adjust the range of its batterypower C charge the battery at the tap of a keyboard D operate when the battery is fully drained．（2）Which of the following is NOT an example of the "unresolved arguments" mentioned in the passage？________A Early adopters of certain apps find that they ceased to work after the firm lost interest．B The insurance company uses data from fitness trackers to adjust customers' premiums（保费）．C Computerized machinery can't predict its breakdowns or schedule preventive maintenance．D A high﹣tech fridge company restricts its customers from repairing their fridges themselves．．（3）The underlined word ________ probably means________ in this context．A boomB conflictC vanishD expand．（4）This passage is mainly about________．A how the world will change as computers spread into everyday objectsB the adoption of electric vehicles and the possible problems to expectC what should be done toprevent the breakdown of computerized devices D different views on the current application of Internet Technology．Section CDirections： Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.7. A． Creativity is associated with many factors．B． Rather， they should work to expand， grow， and exercise it．C． Without creativity， we are indistinguishable from the masses．D． However， creativity can be acquired at any age．E． It's hard to work out where exactly creativity comes from．F． Everyone has the capacity to be creative．Essential CreativityIn a recent survey in America， 62% of people said that creativity was more important to success in the workplace than they had anticipated it would be when they were in school．（1）________ It is of course possible to scan people's brains and see which parts are firing when an idea is created， but rather more romantically it can be thought of as something that cannot be identified． Creativity is what comes to you when you least expect it． You cannot demand creativity from your mind， nor can you demand that you are creative in a particular way．One misconception about creativity is that it is reserved for a few special people． This is not true．（2）________ Another misconception is that creativity is all about the arts but this simply isn't true： creativity extends to maths and science in just the way it does to music and literature．Those who see things differently to others and are confident enough to make their ideas a reality are the ones who make the greatest changes in the world． Consequently， it is incredibly important that schools do not prevent creativity．（3）________ Students should be taught to ask questions and investigate when things do not make sense． They need to learn to view mistakes as opportunities for learning rather than something that was unsuccessful．It is worrying that many schools are less concerned now with nurturing creativity when this is the most important time in history for it． It used to be that people worked hard， went to university， and got a job． That was it． But now， everyone works hard， goes to university ﹣ and there aren't the jobs out there that guarantee a safe future．（4）________ We can use it to set ourselves apart， and channel it to face the challenges of the future．IV．Summary Writing8. Directions：Read the following passage． Summarize the main idea and the main point （s） of the passage in no more than 60 words． Use your own words as far as possible．The Decline of BiodiversityBiodiversity is the range of living things in an area． During the last 100 years， scientists have seen a great decline in biodiversity． Some studies show that one in eight plant speciesis threatened with extinction． It is estimated that 140，000 species of plants are lost each year．Most of the extinctions in the last thousand years are due to humans． The main cause is the chopping down of tropical rain forests． Most of this destruction is done to create pasture （牧场） for beef cattle． Many rainforests in Central and South America have been burnt down to make way for cattle farming， which supplies beef to the rest of the world． It is estimated that for each pound of beef produced， 200 square feet of rainforest are destroyed． The forests are also cut down to make wheat for bread as well as fruit for human consumption．The introduction of exotic （外来的） species is another threat． The latest research from the University of Southampton has revealed the impact of exotic species upon native wildlife，which could potentially lead to the extinctions of local species． When exotic species are introduced to a place， they try to establish a self﹣sustaining population． While the local species， which haven't had a chance to evolve， often lack defenses and thus cannot compete against the exotic species．The disappearance of certain food animals can be disastrous not only to larger animals but also to the entire ecosystem． It is these small creatures which convert much of the energyin an ecosystem from unusable （i．e． microscopic plants， decaying matter， etc．） into usable forms， namely their bodies． Their absence makes most energy and nutrients trapped in forms unusable to other species． This makes the environment less suitable for healthy living， and less capable of producing resources that humans need．V. TranslationDirections： Translate the following sentences into English， using the words given in the brackets.9. 我家门口的街道成天车水马龙．（crowd）________10. 中国女排成功卫冕世界冠军，给全国人民以极大的鼓舞．（succeed）________11. 本次"城市公共交通周"的活动旨在提高公众节能环保的意识．（aim）________12. 我实在想不通为什么大伙儿都觉得他这个人高不可攀，我印象中他挺和蔼可亲的．（strike）________VI. Guided Writing13. Directions： Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．假设你是陈芳．你的好友王敏是新华中学的学生，下个月将去英国的姐妹校交流访问．王敏想拍摄一个短片，向英国的同学和老师介绍自己的学校．她通过邮件向你征求意见．写一封回信，内容须包括：1、短片的主题以及与之匹配的主要内容；2、你选择这些内容的理由．2020年上海市徐汇区高考英语一模试卷答案1. Inspired,to come,has been translated,wassold,themselves,when,Though/Although/While,despite,because,what/whatever2. G． potential,Adistributed,K． revealed,H． specific,I． originate,Dconsume,Eharbor,Cinf ections,Babsolutely,Freliance3. BADBDADCABBDAAC4. CCDB5. BBC6. BCBA7. E,F,B,C8. Biodiversity is declining fast．（生物多样化在快速减少） One major reason is that people cut down tropical rain forests to raise cattle for beef or to grow food．【高分句型一】（一个原因） Another reason is that some local species may extinct because they cannot compete with exotic species．【高分句型二】（另一个原因） The disappearance of certain species can do great harm to the ecosystem and environment．（对生态和环境有害）9. The street in front of my house is crowded with people and vehicles all day long/all the time．10. TheChinesewomen'svolleyballteamsucceededintaking/winningtheworldchampionshipag ain，whichwasagreatinspirationtoallChinesepeople11. The campaign of the urban public transport week aims to raise public awareness of saving energy and protecting the environment/energy conservation and environmentalprotection．12. I can't understand why people all think he is out of reach/inaccessible， because he strikes me as a very approachable and kind/amiable person．13. Dear Wangmin，I know that you will go to English to visit your brother school． You want to make a short film to introduce your school to your English classmates and teachers． I think you can tell them something about our activities at school after class．【高分句型一】We have one hour of activities from 4：20 to 5：20 in the afternoon． Some students read books in the reading ﹣ room； some have sports on the playground； some sing songs in the theatre hall． Some learn to operate computers in the lab and others take part in their group work about different subjects． The majority are most interested in sports and computers．（短片的主题以及与之匹配的主要内容）I believe they will be interested in what you show them， and want to visit our school．【高分句型二】We are also looking forward to more visits．（你选择这些内容的理由）Yours，Chen Fang。
2020-2021学年上海市徐汇中学高三英语一模试题及答案解析
2020-2021学年上海市徐汇中学高三英语一模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ASheffieldLincoln College of EnglishClasses for foreign students at all levels.3 months, 6 months, 9 months and one year course.Open all year.Small class (at most 12 students).Library, language laboratory and listening center.Accommodation (住宿)with selected families.25 minutes from London.Course fees for English for one year are￡1,380 with reduction for shorter periods of study.1.This passage is probably taken from _______.A.an advertisementB.a noticeC.a posterD.a piece of news2.Who will be accepted by this college?A.Both foreign and native students.B.Only foreign beginners and the advanced.C.Foreign students from beginners to the advanced.D.Only foreign students advanced.3.While you stay there, who will take care of you?A.Your parents.B.Your classmates.C.The school where you study.D.The family you have chosen.BA 10-year-old swimmer with sky-high dreams and a name to match them has broken a record previously held by Olympian Michael Phelps.Clark Kent Apuada, whose friends call him“Superman", swam the 100-meter butterfly in 1:09.38 at the FarWestern Long Course Championships in his home state of California this Sunday. That's a second faster than the record Phelps set at the same event in 1995 with a time of 1: 10. 48 in the same category of boys under 10.Clark, a rising fifth-grader who is Filipino-American, told HuffPost he's been dreaming about breaking Phelps' record ever since he started swimming competitively at age 7."I was so motivated,"Clarksaid about his win."I was so happy that I was able to beat that record.”Phelps competed in his first Olympics at age 15. He went on to become the mostdecoratedOlympian in history, with 28 medals overall. “Everyone in the crowd was excited when they realized what a special swim they had just seen when we announced the long-standing record had been broken,"Cindy Rowland,Pacific Swimming's director, wrote in an email.Clarkwon first place for all the swimming events he competed in at this year's Far Western Championships. Pacific Swimming or PacSwim, a regional association that is part of USA Swimming, organizes the Far Western Long Course Championships. Cynthia Apuada,Clark' s mother,said that her child seems to be “living by his name at this point”。
上海市徐汇区2020届高三上学期第一次模拟考试英语试题 PDF版含答案
2019学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高三英语 试卷（满分140分，考试时间120分钟） 2019.12I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Buying a handbag. B. Trying on a piece of clothing.C. Taking a picture.D. Attending a fashion show.2. A. To the library. B. To the school. C. To the cafeteria. D. To the cinema.3. A. Make a budget. B. Buy the painting.C. Decorate the living room.D. Bargain with the art dealer.4. A. She didn’t get the promotion. B. She doesn’t look attractive.C. She is not in good mood.D. She can’t stand foggy days.5. A. The man needs to arrive earlier. B. The woman has to work overtime.C. The woman dislikes air travel.D. The man wants to save money.6. A. He has earned a big fortune. B. He is good at saving.C. He has little money.D. He spends money like water.7. A. He didn’t attend the ceremony. B. He took a lot of precious pictures.C. He forgot to take his cell phone.D. His recorded the ceremony with his camera.8. A. Set a deadline for the staff to meet. B. Encourage his staff to work harder.C. Ask for a progress report on the project.D. Hold a conversation with his employees.9. A. He doesn’t need a vacation. B. The company is short of hands.C. He is afraid of losing the job.D. The boss told him to take a chance.10. A. No seats are available now. B. It’s not the right time to enter.C. It’s too dark for him to find the seat.D. She can’t get in until the interview ends.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. More cheerful. B. Less stressed. C. More resolute. D. Less attractive.12. A. To find out how clothes can affect people’s feelings.B. To show how scientists pay more attention to details.C. To prove people make fewer mistakes in lab coats.D. To test the effect of clothes on people’s attention.13. A. Body movements change the way people think.B. How people dress can change their appearance.C. What people wear can affect their performance.D. People doing different jobs wear different clothes.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Experts who specialize in preventing natural disasters.B. People trained to respond to medical emergencies.C. Super heroes devoted to defending the earth.D. Doctors and nurses who provide medical services.15. A. Decent and promising. B. Busy but secure.C. Tough and stressful.D. Demanding but well-paid.16. A. Passing a physical training program. B. Getting a certificate in CPR (心肺复苏术).C. Possessing a medical school diploma.D. Keeping calm in any situation.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. 18-26. B. 27-35. C. 36-45. D. 46-55.18. A. Jogging. B. Swimming. C. Tennis. D. Cycling.19. A. Launch a new promotion campaign. B. Carry out another survey.C. Increase the production of athletic shoes.D. Hold more athletic competitions.20. A. Make products more appealing. B. Follow the trend.C. Focus on fitness business.D. Target older customers.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Once upon a time ...Once upon a time there lived in Germany two brothers. At school they met a wise man who led them to a treasure — a library of old books with tales more fascinating than any they had ever heard.(21) _________(inspire), the brothers began collecting their own stories, listening to the folktales people told them. Soon they produced their own treasure — a book of fairy tales that would charmmillions in faraway lands for generations (22) ________(come).The brothers Grimm, Jacob and Wilhelm, named their story collection Children’s and Household Tales and published it in Germany in 1812. The collection (23)________(translate) into more than 160 languages up to now. The stories and their characters continue to feature in virtually every media: theatre, opera, comic books, movies, paintings, rock music, advertising and fashion.Such fame would have shocked the modest Grimms. During their lifetimes the collection (24)________(sell) few copies in Germany. The early editions were not even aimed at children. They had no illustrations, and scholarly footnotes took up almost as much space as the tales (25) __________. Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm began their work at a time (26)__________ Germany had been occupied by the French under Napoleon. The new rulers restricted local culture. As young scholars, the brothers Grimm began to work on the fairy tale collection in order to save the endangered oral storytelling tradition of Germany.(27)_______ the brothers implied that they were just keeping records of tales, Wilhelm continued to polish and reshape the stories up to the final edition of 1857. In an effort to make them more acceptable to children and their parents, he stressed the moral of each tale and emphasized gender roles. To this day, parents still read them to their children because they approve of the lessons in the stories: keep your promises, don’t talk to strangers, work hard, obey your parents.Yet (28)_______ all Wilhelm’s additions, the most important part of these stories was left untouched. The cruel treatment of children and the violent punishments handed out to the stories’ bad guys are too much for some parents.So what accounts for their popularity? Some have suggested that it is (29)_______ the characters are always striving for happiness. But the truth probably lies in their origin. Grimms’ taleswere born out of a storytelling tradition without boundaries (界限) of age or culture. The brothers’skill was to translate these into a universal style of writing that seems to mirror (30)_______ moods or interests we bring to our reading of them. And so it was that the Grimms’ fairy tales lived happily ever after.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. distributedB. absolutelyC. infectionsD. consumeE. harborF. relianceG. potentialH. specificI. originateJ. respectivelyK. revealedMicroplastic PollutionIn the past few years, scientists have found microplastics in our soil, tap water, bottled water, beer and even in the air we breathe. And there’s growing concern about the 31 health risks they pose to humans.The new analysis in the UK have discovered microplastics widely 32 across all 10 lakes and rivers sampled. More than 1,000 small pieces of plastic per litre were found in the River Tame, which was 33 last year as the most polluted place tested worldwide. Even in relatively remote places such as the Falls of Dochart and Loch Lomond in Scotland, two or three pieces per litre were found.Microplastics are not a 34 kind of plastic, but rather any type of small pieces of plastic that is less than 5 mm in length according to the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. They may 35 from a variety of sources, including cosmetics, clothing, and industrial processes.Humans are known to 36 the tiny plastic particles through food and water, but the possible health effects on people and ecosystems have yet to be determined. One study, in Singapore, has found that microplastics can 37 harmful microbes (微生物).Research by the National University of Singapore found more than 400 types of bacteria on 275 pieces of microplastic collected from local beaches. They included insects that cause gastroenteritis (肠胃炎) and wound 38 in humans.“Microplastics are being found 39 everywhere but we do not know the harm they could be doing,” said Christian Dunn at Bangor University, Wales, who led the work. “It’s no use looking back in 20 years’ time and saying: ‘If only we’d realized just how bad it was.’ We need to be monitoring our waters now and we need to think, as a country and a world, how we can be reducing our 40 on plastic.”III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Since 2008, the average labour-force participation rate of 55- to 64-year-olds in OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) countries has risen by eight percentage points. A new OECD report, “Working Better with Age”, points out that the employment of older workers is 41 , if prosperity is to be maintained. That can be taken as a sign that our society is finally 42 the value of its older employees.Retirement gives you the chance to sleep late and avoid the morning rush hours. No longer do you have to sit through endless meetings or check email frequently. But work can keep the mind active and gives people a 43 in life. The first month of retirement may seem pleasant, but 44 is sure to come. Grand plans to learn languages and travel the world can quickly lose their appeal. 45 , the company of colleagues provides a social network; spending all week at home can lead to loneliness.Working longer should be easier now that most jobs require 46 , rather than manual, labour. Of course, many people are working longer not because they enjoy what they do, but because they cannot afford to 47 . That is not just because governments have been pushing up the stateretirement age. 48 , the average age at which people actually retire differs from the official age by several years. In part, that is because many people do not rely on the state pension as their only source of income and need work-related pensions to supplement it.However, companies are gradually 49 pensions linked to final salaries with “defined contribution” schemes. Under the latter, workers end up with a pot of savings at retirement that needs to be 50 . The income from such pots has been reduced by very low interest rates. Women tend to have smaller retirement pots (thanks to their years spent raising children), making their difficulties even more 51 . They need to keep working.Older workers may feel 52 , particularly when it comes to promotion. Two issues seem to hold 53 back. The first is that older workers tend to 54 higher salaries, because of the seniority system. The second is a 55 of skills；one in three 55- to 65-year-olds in OECD countries either lack computer experience or cannot pass technology tests. Such problems can be resolved with proper training, but the over-55s should take it upon themselves to keep up with technological changes.41. A. shortsighted B. vital C. adequate D. unnecessary42. A. recognizing B. assessing C. questioning D. transforming43. A. frame B. choice C. lesson D. purpose44. A. liberty B. boredom C. priority D. motivation45. A. However B. Instead C. Therefore D. Furthermore46. A. mental B. simple C. physical D. routine47. A. proceed B. continue C. persist D. quit48. A. In conclusion B. In other words C. In practice D. In particular49. A. replacing B. furnishing C. increasing D. combining50. A. registered B. reinvested C. refunded D. removed51. A. personal B. severe C. emotional D. practical52. A. competitive B. dominant C. distinguished D. disadvantaged53. A. employers B. researchers C. employees D. female workers54. A. command B. ensure C. oppose D. ignore55. A. range B. discipline C. shortage D. setSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Agnes de Mille was a dancer and a choreographer (编舞). Early in her career, de Mille hadcreated the choreography for a ballet called Three Virgins and a Devil. She thought it was good work, but nobody made much of it.A few years later, de Mille choreographed a ballet named Rodeo. Again, she thought her work was solid, but it resulted in little commercial fame.Then, in 1943, de Mille choreographed Oklahoma!, a musical show that enjoyed nearly instant success. In the coming years, Oklahoma!would run for an incredible 2,212 performances, both around the nation and abroad. In 1955, the film version won an Academy Award.But the success of Oklahoma! didn’t bring her much happiness. She thought that her work on Oklahoma!was only average compared to some of her other creations. She later said, “After the opening of Oklahoma!, I suddenly had unexpected success for a work I thought was only fairly good, after years of neglect for work I thought was fine. I began to think that perhaps my entire scale of values was untrustworthy. I talked to Martha.”Martha was Martha Graham, perhaps the most influential dance choreographer of the 20th century. (Although not as well-known by the general public, Graham has been compared to other creative geniuses like Picasso or Frank Lloyd Wright.)During their conversation, de Mille told Martha Graham about her frustration. “I confessed that I had a burning desire to be excellent, but no faith that I could be.”Graham responded by saying,“There is a vitality, a life force, an energy, a quickening that is translated through you into action, and because there is only one of you in all of time, this expression is unique. And if you block it, it will never exist through any other medium and it will be lost. The world will not have it. It is not your business to determine how good it is nor how valuable nor how it compares with other expressions. It is your business to keep it yours clearly and directly, to keep the channel open.”56. What can be learned about de Mille’s ballet named Rodeo?A. It earned her a large fortune.B. It made her rise to fame overnight.C. It didn’t enjoy much success.D. It laid a solid foundation for her career.57. How did de Mille feel about the great success of the musical Oklahoma!?A. Relieved.B. Ashamed.C. Confused.D. Proud.58. Picasso and Frank Lloyd Wright were mentioned in the passage to suggest that Martha Graham ___________.A. was outstanding in visual arts and architectureB. enjoyed the same popularity as themC. had been influenced greatly by themD. was the most influential artist in her field59. Which of the following statements best represents Graham’s words in this passage?A. Comparing with others prevents you from maintaining uniqueness.B. You should always keep yourself open to the urges that motivate you.C. Your action reveals the inner landscape, which is the soul of music.D. Choosing to be positive is going to determine how you live your life.(B)Shipping containers are gaining popularity as an alternative to traditional houses. These 20-or 40-foot containers can be obtained for a little as several hundred US dollars apiece, and it’s not surprising that some industry professionals and even city planners consider them the future of home building. Below are details of some amazing homes made out of shipping containers.London Container City(I and II)London’s Container City first sprang up in the heart of thedocklands in 2001. It took just five months to complete theoriginal 12 work studios. Shortly after that, a fourth floor ofstudios and living apartments was built on top of these. The firstcontainer city was so successful that another — Container CityII — was added to it.Los Angeles Redondo Beach houseWith its modern lines and appealing spaces, theaward-winning Redondo Beach House is a luxury beachsideshowpiece built from eight recycled steel shippingcontainers, along with some traditional building materials.According to the architects, the modified containers are“nearly indestructible”.Amsterdam KeetwonenAmsterdam’s massive Keetwonen complex houses 1,000students and it is the largest container city in the world. Thehousing project is a roaring success and features units that arequiet and comfortable. Each resident enjoys a bathroom,kitchen and separate sleeping and studying quarters. Thecomplex even has central heating and high-speed internet aswell as areas for parking bikes.Mexico M2ATK Container HouseM2ATK designed this unique container house for an artist.It’s fully equipped with heating and cooling, a kitchen andbathroom. On the bottom floor of the house are ‘‘public spaces”such as the kitchen and living room. The second floor is thebedroom, and the top floor is a studio space in which to work,read and “let fly the imagination”.60. Compared to traditional houses, container houses are _________.A. easier to maintainB. less expensive to buildC. more comfortable to live inD. more fashionable in style61. What can be learned about Amsterdam’s Keetwonen complex?A. It is the first container city in the world.B. It’s equipped with modern facilities.C. It features a luxury and unique style.D. It includes living space and car parks.62. Which of the following is the best title for the poster?A. Recycled material for Ideal HomeB. Shipping Container Home ChallengesC. Home in a Steel BoxD. Housing Options and Solutions(C)On August 29th, as Hurricane Dorian tracked towards America’s east coast, Elon Musk, the boss of Tesla, an electric-car maker, announced that some of his customers in the storm’s path would find that their cars had suddenly developed the ability to drive farther on a single battery charge. Like many modern vehicles, Mr. Musk’s products are best thought of as internet-connected computers on wheels. The cheaper models in Tesla’s line-up have parts of their batteries disabled by the car’s software in order to limit their range. At the tap of a keyboard in Palo Alto, the firm was able to remove those restrictions and give drivers temporary access to the full power of their batteries.Mr. Musk’s computerized cars are just one example of a much broader trend. As computers and connectivity become cheaper, it makes sense to bake them into more and more things that are not, in themselves, computers, creating an “internet of things”.Such a world will bring many benefits. Consumers will get convenience, and products that can do things non-computerized versions cannot. Businesses will get efficiency, as information about the physical world that used to be uncertain becomes concrete and analyzable.In the long term, though, the most obvious effects will be in how the world works. Ever more companies will become tech companies; the internet will become everywhere. As a result, a series of unresolved arguments will spill over from the virtual world into the real one.Start with ownership. As Mr Musk showed, the internet gives firms the ability to stay connected to their products even after they have been sold, transforming them into something closer to services than goods. That has already made the traditional ideas of ownership unclear. When Microsoft closed its ebook store in July, for instance, its customers lost the ability to read titles they had bought (the firm offered refunds). That shifts the balance of power from the customer to the seller.Virtual business models will jar in the physical world. Tech firms are generally happy to movefast and break things. But you cannot release the beta version (测试版) of a fridge. Apple, asmartphonemaker, provides updates for its phones for only five years or so after their release; users of Android smartphones are lucky to get two. But goods such as washing machines or industrial machinery can have lifespans of a decade or more. Firms will need to work out how to support complicated computerised devices long after their original programmers have moved on.Data will be another flashpoint. For much of the internet the business model is to offer “free” services that are paid for with valuable user data, collected with consent (同意) that is half-informedat best. In the virtual world, arguments about what should be tracked, and who owns the resulting data, can seem airy and theoretical. In the real one, they will feel more urgent.Predicting the consequences of any technology is hard — especially one as universal as computing. The emergence of the consumer internet, 25 years ago, was met with starry-eyed optimism. These days the internet’s faults dominate the headlines. But the people have the advantage of having lived through the first internet revolution — which should give them some idea of what to expect.63. From the passage we can tell that Tesla can ____________.A. drive faster than usual in extreme weatherB. adjust the range of its battery powerC. charge the battery at the tap of a keyboardD. operate when the battery is fully drained64. Which of the following is NOT an example of the “unresolved arguments” mentioned in the passage?A. Early adopters of certain apps find that they ceased to work after the firm lost interest.B. The insurance company uses data from fitness trackers to adjust customers’ premiums(保费).C. Computerized machinery can’t predict its breakdowns or schedule preventive maintenance.D. A high-tech fridge company restricts its customers from repairing their fridges themselves.65. The underlined word jar probably means _____________ in this context.A. boomB. conflictC. vanishD. expand66. This passage is mainly about ______________.A. how the world will change as computers spread into everyday objectsB. the adoption of electric vehicles and the possible problems to expectC. what should be done to prevent the breakdown of computerized devicesD. different views on the current application of Internet TechnologySection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. Creativity is associated with many factors.B. Rather, they should work to expand, grow, and exercise it.C. Without creativity, we are indistinguishable from the masses.D. However, creativity can be acquired at any age.E. It’s hard to work out where exactly creativity comes from.F. Everyone has the capacity to be creative.Essential CreativityIn a recent survey in America, 62% of people said that creativity was more important to success in the workplace than they had anticipated it would be when they were in school.(67) _____________ It is of course possible to scan people’s brains and see which parts are firing when an idea is created, but rather more romantically it can be thought of as something that cannot be identified. Creativity is what comes to you when you least expect it. You cannot demand creativity from your mind, nor can you demand that you are creative in a particular way.One misconception about creativity is that it is reserved for a few special people. This is not true. (68) _____________ Another misconception is that creativity is all about the arts but this simply isn’t true: creativity extends to maths and science in just the way it does to music and literature.Those who see things differently to others and are confident enough to make their ideas a reality are the ones who make the greatest changes in the world. Consequently, it is incredibly important that schools do not prevent creativity. (69) ________________ Students should be taught to ask questions and investigate when things do not make sense. They need to learn to view mistakes as opportunities for learning rather than something that was unsuccessful.It is worrying that many schools are less concerned now with nurturing creativity when this is the most important time in history for it. It used to be that people worked hard, went to university, and got a job. That was it. But now, everyone works hard, goes to university — and there aren’t the jobs out there that guarantee a safe future. (70) ________________ We can use it to set ourselves apart, and channel it to face the challenges of the future.IV．Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.The Decline of BiodiversityBiodiversity is the range of living things in an area. During the last 100 years, scientists have seen a great decline in biodiversity. Some studies show that one in eight plant species is threatened with extinction. It is estimated that 140,000 species of plants are lost each year.Most of the extinctions in the last thousand years are due to humans. The main cause is the chopping down of tropical rain forests. Most of this destruction is done to create pasture (牧场) forbeef cattle. Many rainforests in Central and South America have been burnt down to make way for cattle farming, which supplies beef to the rest of the world. It is estimated that for each pound of beef produced, 200 square feet of rainforest are destroyed. The forests are also cut down to make wheat for bread as well as fruit for human consumption.The introduction of exotic(外来的) species is another threat. The latest research from theUniversity of Southampton has revealed the impact of exotic species upon native wildlife, which could potentially lead to the extinctions of local species. When exotic species are introduced to a place, they try to establish a self-sustaining population. While the local species, which haven’t had a chance to evolve, often lack defenses and thus cannot compete against the exotic species.The disappearance of certain food animals can be disastrous not only to larger animals but also to the entire ecosystem. It is these small creatures which convert much of the energy in an ecosystem from unusable (i.e. microscopic plants, decaying matter, etc.) into usable forms, namely their bodies.Their absence makes most energy and nutrients trapped in forms unusable to other species. This makes the environment less suitable for healthy living, and less capable of producing resources that humans need.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 我家门口的街道成天车水马龙。
上海市徐汇区高三一模英语试题Word版含答案
上海市徐汇区高三一模英语试题Word版含答案Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will r, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.B. On the street.C. At home.D. In a cafe.B. A book sale.C. A banquet.D. An art exhibition.B. 25 minutes.D. An hour and a half.B. The train is late due to the storm.D. The woman has to wait for the train.B. She doesn’t like speaking.D. She often talks loudly.B. She doesn’t like the gift.D. She doesn’t want to grow old.B. Last summer was even hotter.D. Light was stronger this morning.B. He is doing business with Mary.D. He didn’t want to ask Mary to the party.questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation n your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.B. Use the computer regularly.D. Print essays patiently.B. Domestic issues of general social concern.D. Conflicts among different political parties.B. Practical experience.D. Educational background.t. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the giveno they expect to find a dead grasshopper.r paintings, Vincent van Gogh’s Olive Trees, when it (22) ________ (scan) as part of the____ (look) at the painting with the microscope, I came across the tiny body of a grasshoppere bugs, and then he’s got to walk back to his studio through the fie lds. What’s fun ishich season Van Gogh painted Olive Trees.He discovered that part of the insect’s body was missing and there was no sign of movement and could not be used for dating purposes.led to his famous act of self-mutilation in the history of art: cutting off his own ear. oking closely into the painting to see (30) ________ they can spot the dead insect.there is one word more than you need.payment methods.g economic activities. Today, the move toward a cashless society could “reduce the risk s Dong Ximiao, a research fellow at Chongyang Institute for Financial Studies at the Renmin also _(33)_ the increase of cashless payment. The rapid development of cashless paymentsinto the spotlight recently. Media reports said that consumers can’t purcha se goods with country do in fact allowconsumers to pay in cash. She noted that Hema store simply _(35)_ncourage more merchants and customers to use cashless payment methods. Both called for the hless society would not mean that cash would completely disa ppear. “As the economy grows，loped western regions, and therefore is not able to enjoy _(40)_ brought by the Internet,”ed.h blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.ey could not _(42)_ it.ple hurry regardless of whether they are pushed for time. They conclude: “Our experiments ess and impatience.”fast food symbols reduced people’s willingness to save and led them to prefer immediate’s and Taco Bell. They could not consciously see what they were but the subliminal effect . Participants also preferred time-saving products like three-in-one skincare treatments or a larger amount in a week’s time, they again chose _(50)_ reward after being exposedt food represents a culture of time efficiency and immediate _(51)_The problem is that the _(53)_, walking faster is time-efficient when one is trying to make a meeting, but it’s sit in a fast food restaurant, I find myself gobbling (狼吞虎咽) my Big Mac down at this. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fitsand unsuccessful people is that successful people fail many more times than unsuccessful hors，I expected hundreds of bookstore customers lining up for me to sign copies for them.igning room in the beautiful store. Despite a nice sign placedoutside the room exhibiting us.full 8-hour day in my clinic, I had to get into bed by 9:30 pm every day, so I could wake ssion, I would close my eyes for 10 minutes and then whisper, “Please grant me the words just when I couldn’t feel any worse, a middle-aged couple walked into the room. I managed e that I couldn’t quite identify. But I didn’t know what else to say. The couple turned ound. But I realized the woman was trying to say something else.r story will help us get over it.”Although I would have many more challenging years until my book caught on and sold well, the realization that the greatest of lives are made all in the same way: One challenge...B. successC. confidenceD. perseveranceB. cheerful and proudD. miserable and ashamedB. discounted gift cards for school itemsD. a barcode on your phone______.B. SelfControlD. LifeSite Vaultarched for ways to organize this diversity (多样性). In the eighteenth century, a Swedish we use today.life forms.ese names tended to be long and confusing. Linnaeus decided that all species names should nd one indicating the specific name of the species. When written alone, the specific name for example, is commonly used to describe species. Therefore, when used by itself, it would s to a specific organism: the domestic dog.upings. Linnaeus first grouped life forms into three broad groups, called kingdoms. These nto genera (genus is singular) and then genera into species, grouping organisms according od of grouping organisms according to observable similarities, they have added hierarchical hings fit into only three domains. Within each of these domains there are kingdoms. Each parate kingdoms. The prokaryotes are the oldest and most abundant group of organisms. Theyport no other form of life, fall into this category. The protist kingdom is made up of a ose organisms which do not fit into any other kingdom. Fungi compose a third kingdom. Like on as plants do. Rather, they acquire nutrients by absorbing and digesting carbon producedbe used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.ildren, except one, grow up.”（67) ________rcent in 2016, three times the pace of the children’s toy market itself. These toys ranged ennials — people born between the 1980s and 2000s.________’s fast-paced world. They are driven toward the more immediate pleasures brought by toys life,” Rob Willner，a 25-year-old PhD student in the UK, told The Telegraph when talking _________ To Frank Furendi, a professor at the University of Kent in the ttractive about it anymore”, he told The New York Times. “That’s actually quite sad.”________ According to Canadian comic book artist Todd McFarlane，ff that says, ‘I like a little of this and I like a little of that’,” he told ABC News.e tagline of the UK fashion brand KIDULT: “G rowing old is mandatory(强制的), but glowingSummary Writing60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.p if we could, but we hesitate. Is it our business to intervene (干涉)? And if we do, will t comment? After all, none of us is a perfect parent.arily hurtful and critical. It needs to be neither. There is a world of difference between really hard to meet their needs whenyou’re so busy. Is there anything I can do to help?”）and sisters, and so on. These children accept this treatment because they are too helpless helping these children. Those of us who can recognize damaging treatment have an obligation to be the most significant: the lifelong effect it can have on the child. Many adults in that someone cared, and that the child’s feelings of anger and frustration were recognized bypass the opportunity to make such a big difference in the life of a child?括：6-10 DDADB14-16 DBA 17-20 CBDB22. was being scanned 23. Looking 24. must 25. how27. to examine 28. when/before 29. which 30.ass and offend the parent. However, intervention can be done in a non-offensive way. Since future/growth. (58 words) rseas students.。
上海市徐汇区2021届高三高考一模英语试题(含听力) 带详解
9.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. Donald is veryresponsible.B. Donald is not humorous at all.
C. What Donald said is true.D. Donald’s words aren’t reliable.
D. Prepare kids with those bad verbal expressions.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17.
Mexico City.B. Maryland.C. Los Angeles.D. China.
18.
A. Public health.B. Journalism.C. Writing.D. IT.
But experts say critical and creative writing skills are equally important. And, they say, they___21___(overlook) too often in the classroom.
Compared to reading writing is___22___(active). It helps students be independent thinkers, take ownership of their stories and ideas and communicate them clearly to others, says Elyse Eidman-Aadahl. She heads the National Writing Project,___23___offers help for teachers who want to push students to write more.
2022-2023学年上海市徐汇区第一学期高三学习能力诊断卷英语试卷(文字版,含答案)
2022-2023学年上海市徐汇区第一学期高三学习能力诊断卷英语试卷(满分140 分，考试时间120 分钟) 2022.12 I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten shot conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. To the bank. B. To the grocery store.C. To the drugstore.D. To the barbershop.2. A. Washing the dishes. B. Taking out the rubbishC. Doing some ironingD. Preparing for dinner.3. A. It is affordable for every family B. It is popular for its free delivery.C. It can be bought online only.D. It is highly spoken of among users.4. A. He is in urgent need of a talk. B. He is fully occupied right now.C. He runs a lab in the middle of the cityD. He is doing an experiment at the moment.5. A. They are a family without kids. B. They adopted children from Africa.C. They have many African friendsD. They make donations to help children.6. A. She must have paid much for the course. B. She is too lazy to keep good figure.C. She's got good results from her hard work.D. She doesn't need to take the course7. A. The man is not suitable for the positionB. The job has been given to someone else.C. She had received only one application letter.D. The application arrived earlier than expected.8. A. Hang out with friends. B. Go to a movie.C. Hike in the woods.D. Prepare for exams.9. A. The beginning is truly dissatisfactory. B. The end of the book is disappointingC. Looking into the future is its selling pointD. It is good in spite of the scary part.10. A. He will purchase surgical masks. B. He insists on buying N95 masks.C. He will go to another drugstore.D. He supports the medical workers Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best徐汇区高三英语本卷共11页第1页answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. You are trying to actively recall the informationB. You may think that you already know the information.C. You may lose your sense of speed and fluencyD. You are spending too much time memorizing the information12. A. Because students may have a false sense of understanding.B. Because students may miss some important information.C. Because students may highlight unimportant details.D. Because students may not understand the higher-level concepts.13. A. Organize study groups. B. Practice on old exams.C. Read through the exam paper.D. Explain concepts to others. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Buying fewer clothes B. Renting clothes.C. Buying second-hand clothes.D. Tailoring clothes.15. A. Young people can't afford to buy many new clothes.B. It is easy to buy and sell second-hand clothing onlineC. People are more aware of the destructive impact of fast fashionD. Organic and recycled materials are more widely used.16. A. Development in technology transforms the fashion industryB. Consumers change purchasing habits in response to rising prices.C. Second-hand clothing helps reducing fashion footprint.D. Fast fashion does great harm to environment.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Receptionist and guest. B. Colleagues.C. Classmates.D. Waiter and diner.18. A. To open new markets. B. To accept an award.C. To attend a conference.D. To negotiate contracts19. A. Using your chopsticks to pass food to others.B. Refilling the glasses of people seated beside you.C. Tipping the waiters for their good service.D. Offering to split the cost with the host.20. A. They empty their glasses. B. They put the glasses aside.C. They tell the host directly.D. They leave their glasses full.II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blankWhat is Prosopagnosia?Imagine living in a world where everyone looks vaguely familiar, but you never know for certain exactly who anyone is. Your old classmates, your coworkers, your friends, and even your family members can appear (21)_________first glance to be friendly strangers who seem to know you. That's (22) _________ life is like for people with prosopagnosia, or face blindness. Prosopagnosia is a neurological(神经性的) disorder that causes someone to have trouble recognizing people they know, or distinguishing between different people's faces. (23) _________ difficulties in face recognition were noted over a hundred years ago, understanding of prosopagnosia is still unfolding. The condition has received a significant share of the public's attention after American author Jean Gilbert penned down her struggles with prosopagnosia in her book, The Picasso Mirror. (24) _________，such as well-known British anthropologist Dr Jane Goodall and Hollywood actor Brad Pitt have also revealed that they have face blindness.A study from Harvard and University College London found that prosopagnosia may affect up to 2% of the population, (25) _________ (mean) there may be millions of face-blind people. For many people just realising that their difficulties are the result of a recognised neurological condition and that they are “not alone” (26) __________ (make) a huge difference.For typical observers face recognition is based on the whole face, but for prosopagnostics is it the opposite- they are more focused on (27) _________ (isolate) features. They often have to rely on clues other than someone's facial features, such as hairstyle, clothing, or voice, (28) _________ (identify) the people they know. It (29) _________ be very disturbing for the person who has face blindness, as they do not know how to relate with people. This would hold especially true if the person isn't aware that they might have prosopagnosia. They could become socially withdrawn (30) _________could lead to depression, panic attacks, social isolation or social anxiety.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you needA. approachesB. demonstratesC. memorialD. analyticsE. assumptionF. removeG. insightsH. complicateI. clarityJ. promotionalK. tendencyThe magic numbersThis is the age of the data scientist.Employers of all kinds prize people with the skills to obtain and analyze enormous amounts of information, to spot patterns in the data and to turn them into useful ____ (31) ____. But some of the most valuable figures in business need neither a(n)___ (32) ____ team nor knowledge of Python They are simple to remember and useful in every organization:Zero: Doing nothing can be the most valuable thing a manager can do, as the story of Atwood's duck ____ (33) ____. It was well known that the higherups had to make a change to everything that was done. The ____ (34) ____ was that subconsciously they felt that if they didn't, they weren't adding value. The artist working on the queen animations for Battle Chess was aware of this ____ (35) ____ and came up with an innovative solution. He did the animations for the queen the way that he felt would be best, with one addition: he gave the queen a pet duck. Eventually, it came time for the higher-ups to review the animation set for the queen. Sure enough, they asked the programmer to do only one thing: ____ (36) ____ the bird One: This is the number of bosses people should have. In reality, matrix(矩阵) structures and team-based____ (37) ____mean that team members report to multiple leaders. This can have benefits, but____ (38) ____is not one of them. The Gallup poll showed that those who work in a matrix are less likely to know what is expected of them, and more likely to spend their day in endless internal meetings. While the intention of the matrix is to benefit teams, it may ____ (39) ____projects and muddy the overall process.Three: Good marketing follows certain universal truths. In a paper published in 2013, two academics tested whether there was a perfect number of claims that marketers should make for their products and services in ____ (40) ____ messages. They found that making three claims was best: any fewer and consumers felt they lacked enough information to make their minds up about a product; any more and they became confused. The “rule of three” is useful in many other settings, too, from points in presentations to pricing options for customers.III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Are you a digital hoarder?Most people are familiar with hoarding(囤积) and the psychological issues associated with it. Hoarding leads to messy homes and difficulty____ (41) ____ with items that you don't use and don't even need. But hoarding can also occur in the digital world.Digital hoarding, also known as e-hoarding, is too much acquisition and ____ (42) ____ to delete electronic material no longer valuable to the user. Most computer users save digital files to some extent, and that's expected. With digital hoarding, however, the act of saving the files becomes an uncontrollable ____ (43) ____. Digital hoarders may collect emails, photos, articles, podcasts, or any type of computer files they believe they may want to revisit in the future, and ultimately, in most cases, they ____ (44) ____ get to actually use it or listen to it or read it.Digital hoarding also occurs when someone is too ____ (45) ____ to the data even to consider getting rid of it. This can include chats and photos of an old partner, ____ (46) ____ sent by a long-lost friend, or even screenshots collected several years ago.Researchers have ____ (47) ____ digital hoarders into 4 different types, according to their characteristics. “Collectors” are organized, ____ (48) ____ and in control of their data. “Accidental hoarders", also called “____ (49) ____ or disorganized hoarders", don't intentionally save unnecessary data. They just don't know how to organize it. "The hoarders by instruction" keep data on behalf of their company (even when they could delete much of it). Finally, “anxious hoarders" have strong emotional ____ (50) ____ to their data - and are worried about deleting it.The problem has only gotten worse since we have more ____ (51) ____ to digital storage thar ever. In addition, cloud storage makes it incredibly easy to purchase more storage as needed. With ____ (52) ____ cloud space, it's logical when network users don't think twice about saving files.However, studies found that digital hoarders experience increased levels of stress and now researchers are observing that the negative consequences of digital hoarding may be similar to those ____ (53) ____ hoarding. ____ (54) ____, it's important to set time aside to have a good clear-out in the same way we do in the physical world. By organizing and ____ (55) ____ useless files in s regular way, people with this problem can case some of their distress and clear their own mind as well.41. A. stocking B. binding C. living D. parting42. A. reluctance B. eagerness C. perspective D. fantasy43. A. obstacle B. boost C. urge D. stream44. A. substantially B. frequently C. autonomously D. rarely45. A. transmitted B. closed C. attached D. assigned46. A. flowers B. texts C. gifts D. letters47. A. regulated B. categorized C. integrated D. stimulated48. A. rigid B. generous C. patriotic D. systematic49. A. disengaged B. enthusiastic C. reliable D. discriminated50. A. appeals B. conflicts C. issues D. ties51. A. access B. concern C. desire D. excuse52. A. multiple B. secure C. limitless D. meaningless53. A. massive B. regular C. casual D. physical54. A. Instead B. However C. Otherwise D. Therefore55. A. making use of B. taking care of C. getting rid of D. getting used to Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Jacob hated finishing things almost as much as he loved starting them. As a result, he had gotten into a million hobbies and activities, but he never stuck with any of them long enough to get any good.He begged his mother for months for a guitar so that he could play Black Eyed Peas songs to Angie, a girl he liked, but after he finally got one for Christmas, he found out that guitars don't pl themselves. He took a few lessons, but the strings hurt his fingers and he didn't like holding the pick, so now the five-hundred dollar guitar lives under his bed.After reading an ad in the back of one of his comic books, Jacob decided that he wanted Wonder-Sweeper 5000 metal detector so that he could find buried treasure. So he mowed lawns all summer and shoveled driveways all winter He didn't spend his money on ice-cream like his young brother, Alex. By the time spring came he had saved $200, and he purchased the Wonder-Sweeper 5000 metal detector. He beeped it around the park for a while, be he soon found out that no one had ever left any treasure in his neighborhood. He buried the metal detector in his closest.Given Jacob's history with hobbies, it was no surprise that Jacob's father was reluctant to buy him a magician's kit for his birthday. Jacob was insistent. "Dad, this time I'll stick with it for real. I promise!” Jacob begged. Jacob's father sighed. But he was reminded of his own youth long ago, when he quit football and started boxing practice before hardly getting his equipment dirty. So when Jacob's birthday came around, Jacob was both surprised and pleased to find the magician's kit that he had desired so badly. Jacob opened up the box and unwrapped the many parts in the kit. He took the many fake coins, trick cards, and rope pieces of varying length on the kitchen table and imagined pulling rabbits out of his hat and turning them into pigeons with a mysterious puff of smoke.As Jacob continued pulling plastic thumbs, foam balls, and giant playing cards out of the magic kit, a commercial on the TV caught his attention.“Hey kids! Have you ever wanted to go to space? Experience what it's like to be an astronaut? Do you want to explore the universe? Well, now you can.” As the commercial continued playing. Jacob walked away from the magic kit on the kitchen table and stared at the TV screen longingly “For only $195 you can go to space camp and live life like an astronaut for a whole weekend. Enroll now for a once in a life time experience.” Jacob's cry rang throughout the house as he yelled, “MOM!" He now knew what his true purpose in life was.56. Why did Jacob stop playing the guitar?A. It hurt his fingers.B. He'd rather play drums.C. It was too expensive.D. He became interested in comic books.57. Jacob's father decided to buy him the magician's kit because_________.A. Jacob was insistent on having itB. Jacob's birthday was comingC. Jacob quit many expensive activitiesD. Jacob reminded his father of himself58. Which of the following is Jacob most likely to do next based on the end of the story?A. Become a great magician.B. Learn to play guitar well.C. Detect an incredible hidden treasure.D. Raise money to go to space camp.59. What can be learned about Jacob according to the passage?A. He was persistent in pursuing his dreams.B. He never stuck with anything for long.C. He has always wanted to be a magician.D. He finally found his true purpose in life.(B)Vanuatu is an island nation in the South Pacific. It is also one of the smallest countries in the world. But for those interested in adventure and sport, there is a lot to do. Some of the best snorkeling(浮潜) can be found here. Vanuatu's islands also offer visitors two of the most exciting and dangerous activities in the world: volcano surfing and land diving Volcano SurfingOn Tanna Island, Mount Yasur rises 300 meters (1,000 feet) into the sky. It is known as the Lighthouse of the Pacific because of its regular eruptions for hundreds of years. For centuries, both island locals and visitors have climbed this mountain to visit the top. Some visitors find Yasur terrifying; others captivating. Photographers are beside themselves at the opportunity to make stunning artwork from such a special point. Recently, people have also started climbing Yasur to surf the volcano.In some ways, volcano surfing, also commonly known as ash boarding, is like surfing inthe sea, but in other ways it's very different. It was invented by an adventurer journalist named Zoltan Istvan, while on a trip to Vanuatu Islands in 2002. V olcano surfing is considered as an extreme sport and there are not many practicing it. A volcano surfer's goal is to escape the erupting volcano - without getting hit by flying rocks! Riders hike up the volcano and slide down, sitting or standing, on a thin plywood or metal board. It's fast, fun, and dangerous - the perfect extreme sport.Land DivingMost people are familiar with bungee jumping, but did you know bungee jumping started on Pentecost Island in Vanuatu and is almost fifteen centuries old? The original activity, called land diving, is part of a religious ceremony. Aman ties tree vines (藤) to his legs. He then jumps head-first from a high tower. It originated as a rite (仪式) of passage for young men trying to prove their manhood. The idea is to jump from as high as possible, and to land as close to the ground as possible. It is also a harvest ritual. The islanders believe the higher the jumpers dive, the higher the crops will grow. Every spring, island natives (men only) still perform this amazing test of strength.60. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. Mount Yasur is a light tower on the Pacific OceanB. The history of volcano surfing dates back centuriesC. Bungee jumping grew out of land divingD. Land diving came to Vanuatu from another country.61. The underlined word captivating is closest in meaning toA. distressingB. charmingC. disappointingD. relieving62. Which of the following could be the best title of this passage?A. Untouched Beauty: NANUATUB. V olcano Adventure: V ANUATUC. Extreme Destination: V ANUATUD. Preserved Culture: V ANUATU(C)A rich burial was unearthed by archaeologists at La Almoloya, southeasterm Spain that is the cradle of the El Argar civilization, which lived in the region during the Bronze Age.La Almoloya was a primary center of politics and wealth in the El Argar territory, and although the discovery was made in 2014, experts are now taking a closer look at the sociological and political context of the unearthed treasure.The remains of a woman, along with a man who may have been her husband, were discovered in the forested hills of the area. Radiocarbon dating suggests the burial happened around 1700 BC. The pair were found with 30 objects containing precious metals and semi-precious stones, including the silver diadem(王冠), which encireled the skull(颅骨) of the woman.Experts believe that the man in the grave was probably a warrior, wear and tear on his bone indicate he spent a lot of time on horseback, and his skull had deep scars from a facial injury, while gold plugs through his earlobes indicated he was someone of distinction.The woman, named the “Princess of La Almoloya”, was buried a short time after the man with vast quantities of jewellery: bracelets, earlobe plugs and rings, to name a few. The grave goods of the woman were worth tens of thousands of dollars in today's money“We have two ways of interpreting this,” says archaeologist Roberto Risch of the Autonomous University of Barcelona. “Either you say, it’s just the wife of the king; or you say, no, she’s a political personality by herself.”Risch is a co-author of a study that was recently published about the important findings, that noted the building under which the grave was found was of equal importance - a building specifically dedicated to governing purposes in Western Europe. A wide hall was excavated (挖掘), with high ceilings, a raised platform, and a capacity for more than 50 people to sit on benches that lined the walls. “It's a building where people could be sitting listening to each other, or to someone explaining something,” says Risch, “There is no evidence of food and no clear-cut religious artefacts, so it doesn't look like a home or a temple. "The discovery at La Almoloya shed new light on the politics and gender relations in one ofthe first urban societies of the West. Previous findings have revealed that women were considered adults at a much younger age than boys were. Excavated grave goods have highlighted that girls as young as six were buried with knives and tools, but boys would be in their teens by the time they would be buried alongside such objects.Additionally, the graves of some women from El Argar were reopened generations later to bury other men and women, an unsual practice that experts believe would have been a very high honor. “What exactly their political power was, we don't know,” Risch adds. “But this burial at La Almoloya questions the role of women in [Bronze Age] politics... it questions a lot of conventional wisdom.”63. The woman discovered at La Almoloya _________.A. proved to be á princess during the Bronze AgeB. was buried long after her husband’s deathC. lived in an ancient society called El ArgarD. was holding a silver diadem when unearthed64. The man in the grave was believed to be a warrior mainly becauseA. he had gold plugs through his earlobesB. he was buried next to the womanC. he was buried with knives and toolsD. he had injuries and scars on his bones65. According to Risch, the ancient building seemed to __________.A. have been used for political meetingsB. have served some religious purposesC.be the first temple built in Western EuropeD. be specially dedicated to food trading66. What can be inferred from the discovery at La Almoloya?A. Women were buried with more riches than men in the Bronze Age.B. The role of women in Bronze Age politics had been overestimated.C. Women may have been powerful rulers in the El Argar civilization.D. Women were considered adults at a much younger age than boys.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than youA. Supporters argue that quiet quitting is a way to safeguard your mental health.B. They set clear boundaries to improve work-life balance.C. Regular support and praise that make employees feel valued and connected can get lost.D. Managers must leam how to have conversations to help employees reduce disengagementand burnout.E. However, quiet quitting could be a sign that an employee is not happy in their position.F. Employees are more likely to be engaged when they have specific targets.need.Quiet QuittingWhile not a new concept, the term “quiet quitting" has recently gained popularity on social media.What is quiet quitting?Quiet quitting doesn't mean an employee has left their job, but rather has limited their tasks to avoid working longer hours. (67) __________________ They stick to what is in their job description and when they go home, they leave work behind them and focus on non-work duties and activities.(68) __________________ It may also mean they are ready to change positions or may be currently looking for another job.Why are employees quiet quitting?Quiet quitting may be a popular term, but this practice isn't new. Workers have quietly quit their jobs for years to look for something new, whether it was because of poor pay, unmanageable workload, burnout or lack of growth opportunities.Working from home has also changed the dynamics of the workplace because employees and managers are communicating in different ways through online meetings. These interactions may feel more formal than the chat sessions that happen in an office. Limited meetings can cause a disconnect between employees and management. (69) __________________How can businesses help employees?The biggest way to prevent disengagement is to improve the employee experience. Talk to employees, gather their feedback and discuss what can be done to make them feel appreciated. Make sure workloads are realistic and that there are appropriate boundaries to maintain a work-life balance. It's important to check in with employees to make sure these boundaries are clear and help establish an open and honest relationship.Further, managers should clearly outline paths of career progression to each employee. (70) __________________ A recent report revealed that more than half of employees surveyed would accept 10% less pay in exchange for a “more interesting career path or more opportunities to learn new skills”.IV.Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Why Don’t We Use the Math We Learn in School?How much of the math you've learned in school is used in everyday life? For the majority of people, the answer is surprisingly little. Clearly, some people learn math very well and apply it in everyday problem-solving settings. The question is why most people don't, in spite of spending many years practicing it.The first explanation blames the failure of education. One of the major barriers to using a skill in real life is automaticity. We tend to find the least-effort solution to our problem. If strugglingthrough a math problem is hard for you, you'll find a different way to solve it that doesn't rely on math. The familiar model for teaching mathematics revolves around teachers telling students certain rules, applying those rules to examples and students then practicing problems similar to the examples seen in class. By teaching in this way, a lot of the work and deep thought that went into the creation of these mathematical rules is lost. In that sense, people were never taught math thoroughly enough to use it automatically in real life.The second explanation is a little different. It argues that people may develop competence in math classes, but they struggle to translate real-life problems into a format where they can use thein mathematics knowledge. This seems most apparent in the case of applying algebra (代数). Students struggle with algebra, but they particularly struggle with word problems. Yet, the equivalent real-life problems are typically much harder than word problems. From this perspective, what people struggle with is not doing math, but recognizing where and how to apply math to real problems.Educational researchers now emphasize the importance of transfer and deep understanding They believe we need to give students more training in noticing and converting everyday situations into the math problems they know how to solve. By using real-life math applications, students can make connections between math and everyday life.V.TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 这位诗人偏爱乡间那悠闲的生活节奏。
上海市徐汇区2021届高三高考一模英语试题(含听力)(练习版)
D. She didn’t have to work hard for any exam.
4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. Hurry to the conference.B. Skip the conference.
2020学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷
高三英语试卷
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A Short Conversations
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
D. She’s having difficulty with the heavy reading assignments.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
2020-2021学年上海市徐汇中学高三英语一模试题及答案
2020-2021学年上海市徐汇中学高三英语一模试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AConsumer Electronics Show (CES) is a global stage where the world’s next-generation inventions are introduced towards the marketplace, and lots of companies are participating. Here are several of the amazing inventions that were introduced at the showin 2020.August Wi-Fi Smart LockIt's an intelligent door lock to protect your home, and it works on Wi-Fi. The lock doesn’t require any additional hardware to attach to it and can be used with the existing door lock. The owner can remotely access the door from anywhere to lock or unlock and can provide guest keys to family or friends. It keeps statistics and records of your door’s “lock”, “unlock”, and who have visited.Motion PillowIt’s a pillow developed for anyone who has a snoring (打鼾) problem. The solution box detects, records, and analyses the sleeping person’s snoring patterns. By changing the internal airbag’s pressure, it fixes the position of the sleeping person’s neck and head gently to improve his breathing. Three layers of noise-reducing material minimize the user’s sleeping disturbance.Ao AirIt’s a high-tech face-covering wearable air purifier with no tight seal on the mouth and nose. The purifier pulls air inside through a filtration (过滤) process and uses fans to createa clean area in front of the device. It’s designed in such a way that it can clean more than 98 % of PM2.5 through filtration.Transparent HoodThe company Continental showed off this revolutionary invention at CES 2020 that got the Best Vehicle Intelligence and Transportation Award. It’s a technology that gives the driver the ability to see barriers and blind spots from the driving seat. Four cameras take surrounding pictures so that the driver can see the real-time blind spots and prevent even parking damage too.1.Who is the text mainly intended for?A.The general public.B.The science lovers.C.The electronic companies.D.The college students.2.Which of the following descriptions of Motion pillow is correct?A.It’s intended for all those who can’t sleep well.B.It can help sleepers breathe smoothly.C.It can remove the noise around to help people sleep.D.Its pressure is changed by sleepers themselves.3.What can we infer from the text?A.August Wi-Fi Smart Lock helps improve the safety of homes.B.Ao Air produces fresh air for its users.C.Motion Pillow reduces material to minimize sleeping disturbance.D.Transparent Hood helps make driving safer and easier.BCalifornia's August Complex Fire tore through more than 1,600 square miles of forest last summer,burning nearly every tree in its path. It was the largest wildfire in the state's recorded history, breaking the record previously set in 2018. After the fire, land managers must determine where to most efficiently plant new trees.A predictive mapping model called the Postfire Spatial Conifer Restoration Planning Tool recently described in Ecological Applications could inform these decisions, saving time and expense. The tool can “show where young trees are needed most, where the forest isn't going to come back on its own, where we need to intervene（干预）if we want to maintain forests," says lead author Joseph Stewart, an ecologist at the University of California, Davis.To develop the model, Stewart and his colleagues classified data collected from more than 1,200 study plots in 19 areas that burned between 2004 and 2012. They combined these data with information on rainfall, geography, climate, forest composition and bum severity.Theyalso included how many seeds sample conifer trees （针叶树）produced in 216locations over 18 years, assessing whether the trees release different numbers of seeds after a fire.The tool's potential benefits are significant, says Kimberley Davis, a conservation scientist at theUniversityofMontana, who was not involved in the study. Those managers will still have to make hard decisions, such as which species to plant in areas that may experience warmer and drier conditions resulting from climate change, but the model provides some research-based guidance to help the forests recover.4. What challenge do land managers face after the wildfire?A. Lack of wood supplies.B. Where to plant new trees best.C. How to save the burned trees.D. Loss of trees and wild animals.5. What's the main idea of paragraph 2?A. The function of the tool.B. The disadvantages of the tool.C. The improvement of the tool.D. The development of the tool.6. What does the underlined word "They" refer to?A. The study plots.B. The data.C. Stewart and his colleagues.D. The seeds.7. What isDavis' attitude towards the tool?A. Skeptical.B. Ambiguous.C. Tolerant.D. Optimistic.CPortraits as ArtAccording to a dictionary, portraiture is “a representation (描绘) of a person, especially of the face by drawing or painting alikeness.” However, this definition neglects the complexities of portraiture. Portraits are works of art that engage with ideas of identity rather than just a likeness. These concepts of identity involve social rank, gender, age, profession, character of the subject, etc. It is impossible to copy all the aspects of identity. Therefore, portraits reflect only certain qualities of subjects. Portrait art has also undergone significant shifts in artistic practice. The majority of portraits are the outcome of current artistic fashions and favored styles. Therefore, portrait art is an art category providing various engagement with social, psychological, and artistic practices and expectations.Since portraits are different from other art categories, they are worthy of separate study. During their production, portraits require the presence of a specific person, or an image of the individual. In many instances, the production of portraiture has required sittings, which result in interaction between the subject(s) and the artist throughout the creation of the work. In certain instances, portrait artists depended on a combination of different involvement with their subjects. If the sitter can’t sit in the studio regularly, portraitists could use his or her photographs. InEurope, during the seventeenth and eighteenth century, the sitting time was sometimes decreased by focusing only on the head. Theoretically, portraitists could work from impressions or memories when creating a painting, but this rarely occurred according to documented records. Nonetheless, whether thework is based on model sittings, copying a photograph, or using memory, the process of painting a portrait is linked with the model’s attendance.Furthermore, portrait painting can be distinguished from other artistic categories by its connection with appearance, or likeness. As such, the art of portrait painting got a reputation for imitation instead of for artistic innovation. Based on Renaissance art theory, portraiture was related to the level of a mechanical exercise as opposed to a fine art. Michelangelo’s well-known protest against portraits is only one example. During the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the attitude to portraiture was critical. Even so, artists from around the globe persisted in painting portraits despite their theoretical objections. Picasso, for example, became widely-known forcubist still-life painting(立体派静物画) early in his career, but some of his early experiments in this new style were his portraits of art dealers.8. What does paragraph 1 mainly tell us?A. The changing definition of portraiture reflects shifting attitudes to it.B. Most portraits reflect artistic fashions and favored styles when created.C. Portraiture is a more complex art form than is defined in a dictionary.D. Portrait art shouldn’t be seen as a distinct art category for its complexity.9. Which of the following is a characteristic of portraiture mentioned in paragraph 2?A. Portraiture typically takes much less time than other art forms.B. Portraiture often requires frequent cooperation between artists.C. Portraits show models in a more accurate way than other art forms.D. Portraits generally involve interaction between subjects and artists.10. According to paragraph 2, during portraits’ production, artists __________.A. based their work on the subjects’ attendanceB. preferred models’ photographs to their presenceC. were more willing to use impressions or memoriesD. reduced sitting time to concentrate on a sitter’s head11. Picasso is chosen as an example by the author because he __________.A. altered the way other artists felt about portrait artB. created portraits in spite of his objection to portrait artC. depended on portrait art to establish a higher reputationD. had fewer theoretical objections to portraitures than othersDThe outbreak of the novel corona virus pneumonia (NCP) has disrupted the lives and work of nearly every Chinese person. However, a new trend has been on the rise: many have turned themselves into livestreaming users orfollowers.According to Questmobile, a professional big data intelligence services provider in China, the audience for Douyin, Kuaishou and other livestreaming platforms surged to 574 million during the Spring Festival holiday, up 35 percent from 2019.Confined at home, away from their friends and loved ones, people turn to livestreaming to reach out to the world. For them livestreaming can help them share their lives and interest with a global audience, which will give them the sense of being “in the moment”. Even as viewers, they can also engage immediately with livestreamers by commenting and making suggestions.“When I comment on the livestreaming videos, I’m not simply an audience member, but also an active part of the program. That gives me a sense of engagement,” an Internet user named Wang Hao told People’s Daily.Livestreaming is not only for fun, but also a new tool for many businesses. Affected by the pandemic, many businesses had to stop their sales in physical stores. To meet their business goals and survive during these trying times, many chose to livestream to revive their businesses.Joyoung, a leading maker of small kitchen appliances, is a good example. The company not only added a number of broadcasts each day to advertise their products, but also shared the menus that were beneficial to health. “The responses to our livestreaming shows have been well beyond expectations,” Kang Li, who oversees the company’s livestreaming unit, told China daily. “It’s a natural opportunity to truly bond with our followers.”Like it or not, livestreaming is likely to go mainstream in China for both entertainment and business.12. What is the purpose of writing the second paragraph?A. To introduce some popular livestreaming platforms in China.B. To report data on the development of livestreaming in 2019.C. To show that Chinese people spend too much time on livestreaming apps.D. To prove that livestreaming are becoming increasingly popular in China.13. What does Wang Hao think of commenting on livestreaming?A. It is boring to make comments.B. It is the only way to share viewers’ lives.C. It makes people feel involved in the stream.D. It helps livestreamers improve themselves.14. What do paragraphs 5&6 mainly talk about?A. Livestreaming replaced physical stores in many areas.B. Many businesses turned to livestreaming platform for marketing.C. Livestreaming platforms faced challenges during the pandemic.D. Livestreaming platforms made changes to their services.15. How does the author feel about thefuture of livestreaming？A. Positive.B. Uncertain.C. Disappointed.D. Confused.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年上海市徐汇区高考一模(含听力)英语试题(解析版)
2019学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高三英语试卷(满分140分，考试时间120分钟)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. Buying a handbag.B. Trying on a piece of clothing.C. Taking a picture.D. Attending a fashion show.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W: How do I look?M: Not bad. I really like the color. It matches your handbag.Q: What is the woman probably doing?2.此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. To the library.B. To the school.C. To the cafeteria.D. To the cinema.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M: Are we still going to have group study at the library tonight?W: Yeah. I’m just gonna grab something to eat and then I’ll come back to school.Q: Where is the woman probably going now?3.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. Make a budget.B. Buy the painting.C. Decorate the living room.D. Bargain with the art dealer.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W: I think this painting would look good in our living room. What do you think? M: Sure. Let’s take it. Luckily the price is within our budget.Q: What will the two speakers probably do next?4.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. She didn’t get the promotion.B. She doesn’t look attractive.C. She is not in good mood.D. She can’t stand foggy days.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M: Did you see Catherine today? Why does she have such a long face?W: I don’t have the foggiest idea. I thought she’d be happy since she got a promotion recently. Q: What can we learn about Catherine?5.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. The man needs to arrive earlier.B. The woman has to work overtime.C. The woman dislikes air travel.D. The man wants to save money.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M: Do you want to share a taxi to the airport? We can save on expenses that way.W: Actually, I hate flying. I’m thinking about going to the conference by train.Q: Why aren’t the man and woman going together?6.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. He has earned a big fortune.B. He is good at saving.C. He has little money.D. He spends money like water.【答案】D【解析】【原文】W: You’ve gone through all your money so quickly? I thought you were rich.M: Not me! You know money always burns a hole in my pocket.Q: What can we learn about the man?7.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. He didn’t attend the ceremony.B. He took a lot of precious pictures.C. He forgot to take his cell phone.D. His recorded the ceremony with his camera.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W: Did you take any pictures of the graduation ceremony yesterday?M: I would have recorded every detail of it if I had taken my cellphone with me.Q: What does the man mean?8.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. Set a deadline for the staff to meet.B. Encourage his staff to work harder.C. Ask for a progress report on the project.D. Hold a conversation with his employees. 【答案】A【解析】【原文】W: Aren’t you discouraged by the slow progress your staff is making?M: Yes. I think I’ll probably give them a deadline and hold them to it.Q: What is the man probably going to do?9.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. He doesn’t need a vacation.B. The company is short of hands.C. He is afraid of losing the job.D. The boss told him to take a chance. 【答案】B【解析】【原文】W: Derrick, you look exhausted. Don’t you think you should take a vacation?M: Oh, there’s too much work! My chances would be better if they would hire more people.Q: What does the man mean?10.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. No seats are available now.B. It’s not the right time to enter.C. It’s too dark for him to find the seat.D. She can’t get in until the interview ends.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W: Excuse me, can you please show me to my seat? It’s too dark inside and I don’t think I can find my seat.M: I’m sorry, Miss. But I can’t let you in until the interval.Q: What does the man mean?Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions are based on the following passage.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】11. A. More cheerful. B. Less stressed. C. More resolute. D. Less attractive.12.A. To find out how clothes can aff ect people’s feelings.B. To show how scientists pay more attention to details.C. To prove people make fewer mistakes in lab coats.D. To test the effect of clothes on people’s attention.13.A. Body movements change the way people think.B. How people dress can change their appearance.C. What people wear can affect their performance.D. People doing different jobs wear different clothes.【答案】11. C 12. D 13. C【解析】【原文】It’s surprising how much simple movements of the body can affect the way we thin k. Using expansive gestures with open arms makes us feel more powerful and crossing your arms makes you more determined.So if moving the body can have these effects, what about the clothes we wear? We’re all aware of how dressing up in different ways can make us feel more attractive or professional，but can the clothes actually make us perform better or is it just a feeling?Adam and Galinsky tested the effect of simply wearing a white lab coat on people’s powers of attention. The idea is that white coats are associated with scientists, who are in turn thought to have close attention to detail. What they found was that people wearing white coats made only half as many errors as those wearing their own clothes.This opens the way for all sorts of clothes-based experiments. Is the psychologist smoking a cigar more insightful? Does a chef’s hat make the food taste better? Maybe from now on, I will only be editing my term paper wearing a pair of glasses to help me make fewer mistakes.Questions:11. How would people probably feel when they cross their arms?12. What is the purpose of Adam and Galinsky’s experiment?13. What is the main idea of the passage?Questions are based on the following passage.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】14.A. Experts who specialize in preventing natural disasters.B. People trained to respond to medical emergencies.C. Super heroes devoted to defending the earth.D. Doctors and nurses who provide medical services.15.A. Decent and promising.B. Busy but secure.C. Tough and stressful.D. Demanding but well-paid.16.A. Passing a physical training program.B. Getting a certificate in CPR (心肺复苏术).C. Possessing a medical school diploma.D. Keeping calm in any situation.【答案】14. B 15. C 16. C【解析】【原文】Some of the everyday heroes in the United States are the country’s paramedics. These young men and women are usually the first people who respond to medical emergencies suffered by citizens. They respond to emergency calls, performing medical services and transporting patients to medical facilities. They work both indoors and outdoors, in all types of weather. Their work is physically tough, sometimes involving life-or-death situations. People’s lives often depend on their quick reaction and competent care.Paramedics must complete a very extensive physical training program that is designed to knock out those who cannot make the cut. A paramedic must be in fit condition, and be mentally strong to perform his or her duties in the face of danger. They must be certified in CPR techniques, and be trained to handle all situations.Paramedics provide a valuable service to the communities they serve. Some of the equipment paramedics carry is very specialized. They carry basic and advanced life support tools so they can reach people in danger and other emergency equipment.Questions:.14 What are paramedics according to the passage?15. Which group of words can best describe paramedics’ work according to the passage?16. Which of following is NOT mentioned as a basic requirement for paramedics?Questions are based on the following passage.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】17. A. 18-26. B. 27-35. C. 36-45. D. 46-55.18. A. Jogging. B. Swimming. C. Tennis. D. Cycling.19.A. Launch a new promotion campaign.B. Carry out another survey.C. Increase the production of athletic shoes.D. Hold more athletic competitions.20.A. Make products more appealing.B. Follow the trend.C. Focus on fitness business.D. Target older customers.【答案】17. A 18. A 19. C 20. D【解析】【原文】W: Simon, could you review the results of the surve y on people’s sporting activities?M: Sure. The survey was conducted on 150 men and women between the ages of 18 and 55 years old. According to the result, the most active group involved in sporting activities are those between 18 and 26 years old, followed by those 36 to 45 years old.W: Okay.M: As far as particular sports are concerned, people in these two groups chose jogging as their favorite sport followed by skiing, tennis, swimming, and cycling.W: Hmm. Based on what you’ve said, I think we should c onsider targeting the 18 to 26-year-old age group more in the future. I also feel we should consider expanding our line of athletic shoes. Maybe we can come up with a more appealing design aimed at this age group.M: I see what you mean. However, when these results are compared with the survey carried out three years ago, we can see a growing trend among older consumers—I mean 46 to 55—who are becoming more conscious and concerned about staying fit. I believe this trend will continue, so we should focus on this group instead.W: I see your point. Well, let’s meet again on Wednesday to discuss the details.Questions:17. Which group is the most active in sports according to the survey?18. Which sport is most popular among people?19. What is the woman’s prop osal based on the survey?20. What is the man’ suggestion on the marketing strategies?II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Once upon a time ...Once upon a time there lived in Germany two brothers. At school they met a wise man who led them to a treasure — a library of old books with tales more fascinating than any they had ever heard. ___21___(inspire), the brothers began collecting their own stories, listening to the folktales people told them. Soon they produced their own treasure — a book of fairy tales that would charm millions in faraway lands for generations___22___(come).The brothers Grimm, Jacob and Wilhelm, named their story collection Children’s and Household Tales and published it in Germany in 1812. The collection ___23___(translate) into more than 160 languages up to now. The stories and their characters continue to feature in virtually every media: theatre, opera, comic books, movies, paintings, rock music, advertising and fashion.Such fame would have shocked the modest Grimms. During their lifetimes the collection ___24___(sell) few copies in Germany. The early editions were not even aimed at children. They had no illustrations, and scholarly footnotes took up almost as much space as the tales ___25___. Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm began their work at a time ___26___ Germany had been occupied by the French under Napoleon. The new rulersrestricted local culture. As young scholars, the brothers Grimm began to work on the fairy tale collection in order to save the endangered oral storytelling tradition of Germany.___27___ the brothers implied that they were just keeping records of tales, Wilhelm continued to polish and reshape the stories up to the final edition of 1857. In an effort to make them more acceptable to children and their parents, he stressed the moral of each tale and emphasized gender roles. To this day, parents still read them to their children because they approve of th e lessons in the stories: keep your promises, don’t talk to strangers, work hard, obey your parents.Yet ___28___ all Wilhelm’s additions, the most important part of these stories was left untouched. The cruel treatment of children and the violent punishme nts handed out to the stories’ bad guys are too much for some parents.So what accounts for their popularity? Some have suggested that it is ___29___ the characters are always striving for happiness. But the truth probably lies in their origin. Grimms’ tal es were born out of a storytelling tradition without boundaries (界限) of age or culture. The brothers’ skill was to translate these into a universal style of writing that seems to mirror ___30___ moods or interests we bring to our reading of them. And so it was that the Grimms’ fairy tales lived happily ever after.【答案】21. Inspired22. to come23. has been translated24. sold 25. themselves26. when 27. Though/Although/While28. despite29. because30. what/whatever【解析】【分析】这是一篇人物传记。
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2022-2023学年上海市徐汇区第一学期高三学习能力诊断卷英语试卷(满分140 分，考试时间120 分钟) 2022.12 I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten shot conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. To the bank. B. To the grocery store.C. To the drugstore.D. To the barbershop.2. A. Washing the dishes. B. Taking out the rubbishC. Doing some ironingD. Preparing for dinner.3. A. It is affordable for every family B. It is popular for its free delivery.C. It can be bought online only.D. It is highly spoken of among users.4. A. He is in urgent need of a talk. B. He is fully occupied right now.C. He runs a lab in the middle of the cityD. He is doing an experiment at the moment.5. A. They are a family without kids. B. They adopted children from Africa.C. They have many African friendsD. They make donations to help children.6. A. She must have paid much for the course. B. She is too lazy to keep good figure.C. She's got good results from her hard work.D. She doesn't need to take the course7. A. The man is not suitable for the positionB. The job has been given to someone else.C. She had received only one application letter.D. The application arrived earlier than expected.8. A. Hang out with friends. B. Go to a movie.C. Hike in the woods.D. Prepare for exams.9. A. The beginning is truly dissatisfactory. B. The end of the book is disappointingC. Looking into the future is its selling pointD. It is good in spite of the scary part.10. A. He will purchase surgical masks. B. He insists on buying N95 masks.C. He will go to another drugstore.D. He supports the medical workers Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best徐汇区高三英语本卷共11页第1页answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. You are trying to actively recall the informationB. You may think that you already know the information.C. You may lose your sense of speed and fluencyD. You are spending too much time memorizing the information12. A. Because students may have a false sense of understanding.B. Because students may miss some important information.C. Because students may highlight unimportant details.D. Because students may not understand the higher-level concepts.13. A. Organize study groups. B. Practice on old exams.C. Read through the exam paper.D. Explain concepts to others. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Buying fewer clothes B. Renting clothes.C. Buying second-hand clothes.D. Tailoring clothes.15. A. Young people can't afford to buy many new clothes.B. It is easy to buy and sell second-hand clothing onlineC. People are more aware of the destructive impact of fast fashionD. Organic and recycled materials are more widely used.16. A. Development in technology transforms the fashion industryB. Consumers change purchasing habits in response to rising prices.C. Second-hand clothing helps reducing fashion footprint.D. Fast fashion does great harm to environment.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Receptionist and guest. B. Colleagues.C. Classmates.D. Waiter and diner.18. A. To open new markets. B. To accept an award.C. To attend a conference.D. To negotiate contracts19. A. Using your chopsticks to pass food to others.B. Refilling the glasses of people seated beside you.C. Tipping the waiters for their good service.D. Offering to split the cost with the host.20. A. They empty their glasses. B. They put the glasses aside.C. They tell the host directly.D. They leave their glasses full.II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blankWhat is Prosopagnosia?Imagine living in a world where everyone looks vaguely familiar, but you never know for certain exactly who anyone is. Your old classmates, your coworkers, your friends, and even your family members can appear (21)_________first glance to be friendly strangers who seem to know you. That's (22) _________ life is like for people with prosopagnosia, or face blindness. Prosopagnosia is a neurological(神经性的) disorder that causes someone to have trouble recognizing people they know, or distinguishing between different people's faces. (23) _________ difficulties in face recognition were noted over a hundred years ago, understanding of prosopagnosia is still unfolding. The condition has received a significant share of the public's attention after American author Jean Gilbert penned down her struggles with prosopagnosia in her book, The Picasso Mirror. (24) _________，such as well-known British anthropologist Dr Jane Goodall and Hollywood actor Brad Pitt have also revealed that they have face blindness.A study from Harvard and University College London found that prosopagnosia may affect up to 2% of the population, (25) _________ (mean) there may be millions of face-blind people. For many people just realising that their difficulties are the result of a recognised neurological condition and that they are “not alone” (26) __________ (make) a huge difference.For typical observers face recognition is based on the whole face, but for prosopagnostics is it the opposite- they are more focused on (27) _________ (isolate) features. They often have to rely on clues other than someone's facial features, such as hairstyle, clothing, or voice, (28) _________ (identify) the people they know. It (29) _________ be very disturbing for the person who has face blindness, as they do not know how to relate with people. This would hold especially true if the person isn't aware that they might have prosopagnosia. They could become socially withdrawn (30) _________could lead to depression, panic attacks, social isolation or social anxiety.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you needThe magic numbersThis is the age of the data scientist.Employers of all kinds prize people with the skills to obtain and analyze enormous amounts of information, to spot patterns in the data and to turn them into useful ____ (31) ____. But some of the most valuable figures in business need neither a(n)___ (32) ____ team nor knowledge of Python They are simple to remember and useful in every organization:Zero: Doing nothing can be the most valuable thing a manager can do, as the story of Atwood's duck ____ (33) ____. It was well known that the higherups had to make a change to everything that was done. The ____ (34) ____ was that subconsciously they felt that if they didn't, they weren't adding value. The artist working on the queen animations for Battle Chess was aware of this ____ (35) ____ and came up with an innovative solution. He did the animations for the queen the way that he felt would be best, with one addition: he gave the queen a pet duck. Eventually, it came time for the higher-ups to review the animation set for the queen. Sure enough, they asked the programmer to do only one thing: ____ (36) ____ the bird One: This is the number of bosses people should have. In reality, matrix(矩阵) structures and team-based____ (37) ____mean that team members report to multiple leaders. This can have benefits, but____ (38) ____is not one of them. The Gallup poll showed that those who work in a matrix are less likely to know what is expected of them, and more likely to spend their day in endless internal meetings. While the intention of the matrix is to benefit teams, it may ____ (39) ____projects and muddy the overall process.Three: Good marketing follows certain universal truths. In a paper published in 2013, two academics tested whether there was a perfect number of claims that marketers should make for their products and services in ____ (40) ____ messages. They found that making three claims was best: any fewer and consumers felt they lacked enough information to make their minds up about a product; any more and they became confused. The “rule of three” is useful in many other settings, too, from points in presentations to pricing options for customers.III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Are you a digital hoarder?Most people are familiar with hoarding(囤积) and the psychological issues associated with it. Hoarding leads to messy homes and difficulty____ (41) ____ with items that you don't use and don't even need. But hoarding can also occur in the digital world.Digital hoarding, also known as e-hoarding, is too much acquisition and ____ (42) ____ to delete electronic material no longer valuable to the user. Most computer users save digital files to some extent, and that's expected. With digital hoarding, however, the act of saving the files becomes an uncontrollable ____ (43) ____. Digital hoarders may collect emails, photos, articles, podcasts, or any type of computer files they believe they may want to revisit in the future, and ultimately, in most cases, they ____ (44) ____ get to actually use it or listen to it or read it.Digital hoarding also occurs when someone is too ____ (45) ____ to the data even to consider getting rid of it. This can include chats and photos of an old partner, ____ (46) ____ sent by a long-lost friend, or even screenshots collected several years ago.Researchers have ____ (47) ____ digital hoarders into 4 different types, according to their characteristics. “Collectors” are organized, ____ (48) ____ and in control of their data. “Accidental hoarders", also called “____ (49) ____ or disorganized hoarders", don't intentionally save unnecessary data. They just don't know how to organize it. "The hoarders by instruction" keep data on behalf of their company (even when they could delete much of it). Finally, “anxious hoarders" have strong emotional ____ (50) ____ to their data - and are worried about deleting it.The problem has only gotten worse since we have more ____ (51) ____ to digital storage thar ever. In addition, cloud storage makes it incredibly easy to purchase more storage as needed. With ____ (52) ____ cloud space, it's logical when network users don't think twice about saving files.However, studies found that digital hoarders experience increased levels of stress and now researchers are observing that the negative consequences of digital hoarding may be similar to those ____ (53) ____ hoarding. ____ (54) ____, it's important to set time aside to have a good clear-out in the same way we do in the physical world. By organizing and ____ (55) ____ useless files in s regular way, people with this problem can case some of their distress and clear their own mind as well.41. A. stocking B. binding C. living D. parting42. A. reluctance B. eagerness C. perspective D. fantasy43. A. obstacle B. boost C. urge D. stream44. A. substantially B. frequently C. autonomously D. rarely45. A. transmitted B. closed C. attached D. assigned46. A. flowers B. texts C. gifts D. letters47. A. regulated B. categorized C. integrated D. stimulated48. A. rigid B. generous C. patriotic D. systematic49. A. disengaged B. enthusiastic C. reliable D. discriminated50. A. appeals B. conflicts C. issues D. ties51. A. access B. concern C. desire D. excuse52. A. multiple B. secure C. limitless D. meaningless53. A. massive B. regular C. casual D. physical54. A. Instead B. However C. Otherwise D. Therefore55. A. making use of B. taking care of C. getting rid of D. getting used to Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Jacob hated finishing things almost as much as he loved starting them. As a result, he had gotten into a million hobbies and activities, but he never stuck with any of them long enough to get any good.He begged his mother for months for a guitar so that he could play Black Eyed Peas songsto Angie, a girl he liked, but after he finally got one for Christmas, he found out that guitars don't pl themselves. He took a few lessons, but the strings hurt his fingers and he didn't like holding the pick, so now the five-hundred dollar guitar lives under his bed.After reading an ad in the back of one of his comic books, Jacob decided that he wanted Wonder-Sweeper 5000 metal detector so that he could find buried treasure. So he mowed lawns all summer and shoveled driveways all winter He didn't spend his money on ice-cream like his young brother, Alex. By the time spring came he had saved $200, and he purchased the Wonder-Sweeper 5000 metal detector. He beeped it around the park for a while, be he soon found out that no one had ever left any treasure in his neighborhood. He buried the metal detector in his closest.Given Jacob's history with hobbies, it was no surprise that Jacob's father was reluctant to buy him a magician's kit for his birthday. Jacob was insistent. "Dad, this time I'll stick with it for real. I promise!” Jacob begged. Jacob's father sighed. But he was reminded of his own youth long ago, when he quit football and started boxing practice before hardly getting his equipment dirty. So when Jacob's birthday came around, Jacob was both surprised and pleased to find the magician's kit that he had desired so badly. Jacob opened up the box and unwrapped the many parts in the kit. He took the many fake coins, trick cards, and rope pieces of varying length on the kitchen table and imagined pulling rabbits out of his hat and turning them into pigeons with a mysterious puff of smoke.As Jacob continued pulling plastic thumbs, foam balls, and giant playing cards out of the magic kit, a commercial on the TV caught his attention.“Hey kids! Have you ever wanted to go to space? Experience what it's like to be an astronaut? Do you want to explore the universe? Well, now you can.” As the commercial continued playing. Jacob walked away from the magic kit on the kitchen table and stared at the TV screen longingly “For only $195 you can go to space camp and live life like an astronaut for a whole weekend. Enroll now for a once in a life time experience.” Jacob's cry rang throughout the house as he yelled, “MOM!" He now knew what his true purpose in life was.56. Why did Jacob stop playing the guitar?A. It hurt his fingers.B. He'd rather play drums.C. It was too expensive.D. He became interested in comic books.57. Jacob's father decided to buy him the magician's kit because_________.A. Jacob was insistent on having itB. Jacob's birthday was comingC. Jacob quit many expensive activitiesD. Jacob reminded his father of himself58. Which of the following is Jacob most likely to do next based on the end of the story?A. Become a great magician.B. Learn to play guitar well.C. Detect an incredible hidden treasure.D. Raise money to go to space camp.59. What can be learned about Jacob according to the passage?A. He was persistent in pursuing his dreams.B. He never stuck with anything for long.C. He has always wanted to be a magician.D. He finally found his true purpose in life.(B)Vanuatu is an island nation in the South Pacific. It is also one of the smallest countries in the world. But for those interested in adventure and sport, there is a lot to do. Some of the best snorkeling(浮潜) can be found here. Vanuatu's islands also offer visitors two of the most exciting and dangerous activities in the world: volcano surfing and land diving Volcano SurfingOn Tanna Island, Mount Yasur rises 300 meters (1,000 feet) into the sky. It is known as the Lighthouse of the Pacific because of its regular eruptions for hundreds of years. For centuries, both island locals and visitors have climbed this mountain to visit the top. Some visitors find Yasur terrifying; others captivating. Photographers are beside themselves at the opportunity to make stunning artwork from such a special point. Recently, people have also started climbing Yasur to surf the volcano.In some ways, volcano surfing, also commonly known as ash boarding, is like surfing in the sea, but in other ways it's very different. It was invented by an adventurer journalist namedZoltan Istvan, while on a trip to Vanuatu Islands in 2002. V olcano surfing is considered as an extreme sport and there are not many practicing it. A volcano surfer's goal is to escape the erupting volcano - without getting hit by flying rocks! Riders hike up the volcano and slide down, sitting or standing, on a thin plywood or metal board. It's fast, fun, and dangerous - the perfect extreme sport.Land DivingMost people are familiar with bungee jumping, but did you know bungee jumping started on Pentecost Island in Vanuatu and is almost fifteen centuries old? The original activity, called land diving, is part of a religious ceremony. Aman ties tree vines (藤) to his legs. He then jumps head-first from a high tower. It originated as a rite (仪式) of passage for young men trying to prove their manhood. The idea is to jump from as high as possible, and to land as close to the ground as possible. It is also a harvest ritual. The islanders believe the higher the jumpers dive, the higher the crops will grow. Every spring, island natives (men only) still perform this amazing test of strength.60. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. Mount Yasur is a light tower on the Pacific OceanB. The history of volcano surfing dates back centuriesC. Bungee jumping grew out of land divingD. Land diving came to Vanuatu from another country.61. The underlined word captivating is closest in meaning toA. distressingB. charmingC. disappointingD. relieving62. Which of the following could be the best title of this passage?A. Untouched Beauty: NANUATUB. V olcano Adventure: V ANUATUC. Extreme Destination: V ANUATUD. Preserved Culture: V ANUATU(C)A rich burial was unearthed by archaeologists at La Almoloya, southeasterm Spain that is the cradle of the El Argar civilization, which lived in the region during the Bronze Age.La Almoloya was a primary center of politics and wealth in the El Argar territory, and although the discovery was made in 2014, experts are now taking a closer look at the sociological and political context of the unearthed treasure.The remains of a woman, along with a man who may have been her husband, were discovered in the forested hills of the area. Radiocarbon dating suggests the burial happened around 1700 BC. The pair were found with 30 objects containing precious metals and semi-precious stones, including the silver diadem(王冠), which encireled the skull(颅骨) of the woman.Experts believe that the man in the grave was probably a warrior, wear and tear on his bone indicate he spent a lot of time on horseback, and his skull had deep scars from a facial injury, while gold plugs through his earlobes indicated he was someone of distinction.The woman, named the “Princess of La Almoloya”, was buried a short time after the man with vast quantities of jewellery: bracelets, earlobe plugs and rings, to name a few. The grave goods of the woman were worth tens of thousands of dollars in today's money“We have two ways of interpreting this,” says archaeologist Roberto Risch of the Autonomous University of Barcelona. “Either you say, it’s just the wife of the king; or you say, no, she’s a political personality by herself.”Risch is a co-author of a study that was recently published about the important findings, that noted the building under which the grave was found was of equal importance - a building specifically dedicated to governing purposes in Western Europe. A wide hall was excavated (挖掘), with high ceilings, a raised platform, and a capacity for more than 50 people to sit on benches that lined the walls. “It's a building where people could be sitting listening to each other, or to someone explaining something,” says Risch, “There is no evidence of food and no clear-cut religious artefacts, so it doesn't look like a home or a temple. "The discovery at La Almoloya shed new light on the politics and gender relations in one of the first urban societies of the West. Previous findings have revealed that women wereconsidered adults at a much younger age than boys were. Excavated grave goods have highlighted that girls as young as six were buried with knives and tools, but boys would be in their teens by the time they would be buried alongside such objects.Additionally, the graves of some women from El Argar were reopened generations later to bury other men and women, an unsual practice that experts believe would have been a very high honor. “What exactly their political power was, we don't know,” Risch adds. “But this burial at La Almoloya questions the role of women in [Bronze Age] politics... it questions a lot of conventional wisdom.”63. The woman discovered at La Almoloya _________.A. proved to be á princess during the Bronze AgeB. was buried long after her husband’s deathC. lived in an ancient society called El ArgarD. was holding a silver diadem when unearthed64. The man in the grave was believed to be a warrior mainly becauseA. he had gold plugs through his earlobesB. he was buried next to the womanC. he was buried with knives and toolsD. he had injuries and scars on his bones65. According to Risch, the ancient building seemed to __________.A. have been used for political meetingsB. have served some religious purposesC.be the first temple built in Western EuropeD. be specially dedicated to food trading66. What can be inferred from the discovery at La Almoloya?A. Women were buried with more riches than men in the Bronze Age.B. The role of women in Bronze Age politics had been overestimated.C. Women may have been powerful rulers in the El Argar civilization.D. Women were considered adults at a much younger age than boys.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than youneed.Quiet QuittingWhile not a new concept, the term “quiet quitting" has recently gained popularity on social media.What is quiet quitting?Quiet quitting doesn't mean an employee has left their job, but rather has limited their tasks to avoid working longer hours. (67) __________________ They stick to what is in their job description and when they go home, they leave work behind them and focus on non-work duties and activities.(68) __________________ It may also mean they are ready to change positions or may be currently looking for another job.Why are employees quiet quitting?Quiet quitting may be a popular term, but this practice isn't new. Workers have quietly quit their jobs for years to look for something new, whether it was because of poor pay, unmanageable workload, burnout or lack of growth opportunities.Working from home has also changed the dynamics of the workplace because employeesand managers are communicating in different ways through online meetings. These interactions may feel more formal than the chat sessions that happen in an office. Limited meetings can cause a disconnect between employees and management. (69) __________________How can businesses help employees?The biggest way to prevent disengagement is to improve the employee experience. Talk to employees, gather their feedback and discuss what can be done to make them feel appreciated. Make sure workloads are realistic and that there are appropriate boundaries to maintain a work-life balance. It's important to check in with employees to make sure these boundaries are clear and help establish an open and honest relationship.Further, managers should clearly outline paths of career progression to each employee. (70) __________________ A recent report revealed that more than half of employees surveyed would accept 10% less pay in exchange for a “more interesting career path or more opportunities to learn new skills”.IV.Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Why Don’t We Use the Math We Learn in School?How much of the math you've learned in school is used in everyday life? For the majority of people, the answer is surprisingly little. Clearly, some people learn math very well and apply it in everyday problem-solving settings. The question is why most people don't, in spite of spending many years practicing it.The first explanation blames the failure of education. One of the major barriers to using a skill in real life is automaticity. We tend to find the least-effort solution to our problem. If strugglingthrough a math problem is hard for you, you'll find a different way to solve it that doesn't rely on math. The familiar model for teaching mathematics revolves around teachers telling students certain rules, applying those rules to examples and students then practicing problems similar to the examples seen in class. By teaching in this way, a lot of the work and deep thought that went into the creation of these mathematical rules is lost. In that sense, people were never taught math thoroughly enough to use it automatically in real life.The second explanation is a little different. It argues that people may develop competence in math classes, but they struggle to translate real-life problems into a format where they can use thein mathematics knowledge. This seems most apparent in the case of applying algebra (代数). Students struggle with algebra, but they particularly struggle with word problems. Yet, the equivalent real-life problems are typically much harder than word problems. From this perspective, what people struggle with is not doing math, but recognizing where and how to apply math to real problems.Educational researchers now emphasize the importance of transfer and deep understanding They believe we need to give students more training in noticing and converting everyday situations into the math problems they know how to solve. By using real-life math applications, students can make connections between math and everyday life.V.TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 这位诗人偏爱乡间那悠闲的生活节奏。