2017年江西中考新突破英语话题20：自然(含答案解析)

话题二十自然(Nature)

Ⅰ.完形填空

A(2016济宁改编)

Fraser Island is in Queensland, Australia, about 200 kilometers north of Brisbane. It's about 120 kilometers __1__ and 240 kilometers wide. It is a very important island __2__ it is completely made of sand. __3__， it is the largest sand island in the world. There is no airport on the island, but there is a long beach along the east coast. __4__ arrive and leave from here.

The sand makes unusual shapes. There are hills made of sand called sandblows. Nothing grows on __5__. They move one or two meters a year from the northwest towards the southeast of the island, __6__ bigger and bigger. At other places on the island, such as Rainbow Gorge, The Cathedrals and Red Canyon, the sandy rocks have different __7__. Sometimes the rocks are so brown that they __8__ the sea brown, like coffee.

Surprisingly, the sandy island has a lot of different plants and animals. There are dark __9__—eucalyptus (桉树) woods, beautiful flowers and over a hundred lakes. There are many kinds of birds, like owls(猫头鹰) and curlews(麻鹬). There are many __10__ there, too, such as crocodiles, flying foxes and wild dogs called dingoes.

About 500，000 people __11__ the island every year to see the island's beauty and nature. People enjoy camping and hiking(徒步旅行) there. __12__， the visitors cause problems. They damage(破坏) plants and make animals feel afraid. Their sun cream(防晒霜) makes the water __13__. So it is __14__ to manage the visitor. For example, people may not use motor boats __15__ go fishing in the lakes, and they need official papers(官方文件) to drive there.

(B)1.A.fat B．long C．short D．thin

(D)2.A.when B．after C．before D．because

C．In fact D．In total

(D)4.A.Cars B．Boats C．Buses D．Planes

(D)5.A.it B．him C．her D．them

C．getting D．tasting

(B)7.A.sizes B．colors C．prices D．subjects

(A)8.A.turn B．become C．draw D．recall

(B)10.A.plants B．animals C．fruits D．vegetables

(D)11.A.buy B．spread C．increase D．visit

(A)12.A.Unluckily B．Suddenly

C．Finally D．Luckily

(B)14.A.impossible B．necessary C．popular D．polite

(A)15.A.or B．so C．and D．but

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了澳大利亚的弗雷泽沙岛的自然风貌。弗雷泽沙岛完全由沙子做成，是世界上最大的沙岛。岛上风景优美，动植物繁多，每年约50万人到岛上游玩。然而沙岛也面临很多问题：如游客破坏植物、防晒霜把水变脏等等。

【答案精析】

1．B 考查形容词辨析。fat“胖的”；long“长的”；short“短的；矮的”；thin“瘦的”。由“and 240 kilometers wide”可知是指岛的长度。故选B。

2．D 考查连词辨析。when“当……时候”；after“在……之后”；before“在……前”；because“因为”。分析句子可知“It is a very important island”的原因是“it is completely made of sand”。故选D。

3．C 考查介词短语辨析。in the end“最后”；in public“公开地”；in fact“实际上”；in total“总共”。由后半句“it is the largest sand island in the world”可知此空表示“实际上”。故选C。

4．D 考查名词辨析。car“车”；boat“小船”；bus“公共汽车”；plane“飞机”。由前句中的“There is no airport on the island”可知是指飞机。故选D。

5．D 考查代词辨析。由上文“There are hills made of sand called sandblows.”可知此空指的是名叫sandblows的hills。故选D。

6．C 考查动名词辨析。smelling“闻”；looking“看”；getting“变得”；tasting“品尝”。由上文的“move one or two meters a year”和空格后的“bigger and bigger”可知是指“变得”。故选C。

7．B 考查名词辨析。size“尺寸”；color“颜色”；price“价格”；subject“科目，主题”。由后句“Sometimes the rocks are so brown”可知这里是指颜色。故选B。

8．A 考查动词辨析。turn“使变得”；become“变成”；draw“画”；recall“回忆”。由“like coffee”可知褐色的岩石把海水都变成了褐色。故选A。

9．C 考查名词辨析。mountain“山”；rock“岩石”；forest“森林”；cloud“云”。由空格后的“euc alyptu(桉树) woods”可知是指“森林”。故选C。

10．B 考查名词辨析。plant“植物”；animal“动物”；fruit“水果”；vegetable“蔬菜”。由“such as crocodiles, flying foxes and wild dogs called dingoes”可知是指“动物”。故选B。

11．D 考查动词辨析。buy“买”；spread“展开”；increase“增长”；visit“参观”。由句中“to see the island's beauty and nature”可知是指“参观”这个岛。故选D。

12．A 考查副词辨析。unluckily“不幸地”；suddenly“突然地”；finally“最后”；luckily“幸运地”。由后句“They damage(破坏) plants and make animals feel afraid.”可知“不幸的”是这些游客带来了麻烦。故选A。

13．C 考查形容词辨析。clean“干净的”；fresh“新鲜的”；dirty“脏的”；fascinating“迷人的”。上文提到游客带来麻烦，由此可知是防晒霜污染了水。故选C。

14．B 考查形容词辨析。impossible“不可能的”；necessary“必需的”；popular“流行的”；polite“有礼貌的”。由“and they need official papers(官方文件) to drive there”可知是指“有必要”对游客进行管理。故选B。

15．A 考查连词辨析。or“或者”；so“所以”；and“并且”；but“但是”。由“may not”可知是否定句，在否定句中连接两个并列的成分常用or。故选A。

B (2016白银改编)

请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后用方框中所给的词的适当形式填空。每个词限用一次。

Ants Everywhere!

You can find ants in lots of different places. You can find them in the grass 1 and dirt(灰尘) in your yard. You can find them on trees and in your home.

Ants can be different 2 colours. They can be black, brown, red, green, or yellow. Ants have two antennae(触须) that they use to touch and 3 smell.

What Do Ants Look Like?

Ants are insects. 4 Their bodies have three parts, and they have six strong legs. Some ants have large, strong jaws(颚). They use their jaws 5 to__cut food and to fight.

Ants can be tiny or large. Some big ants are as 6 large as a paper clip(夹子). Ants are very strong for their 7 size.

Groups of Ants

Most ants 8 build nests under or on tops of the ground. Different ants in the nest have different jobs. The queen ant 9 lays all the eggs. Some worker ants take care of the eggs and baby ants. Some worker ants get food. Soldier ants 10 guard the nest.

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文中介绍了蚂蚁的生活习性、颜色、外形以及蚁群的不同分工。

【答案精析】

1．and 分析句子可知，空格前的名词“grass”和空格后的名词“dirt”是并列关系。故填and。

2．colours 由空格前的“different”可知此空填名词。结合备选单词及后句“They can be black, brown, red, green, or yellow.”可知是指“颜色”。因不止一种颜色，故应填复数colours。

3．smell 由空格前的“touch”和“and”可知此空填动词。结合备选项及常识可知蚂蚁的触须是触摸和嗅觉气味的工具。故填smell。

4．Their 分析句子成分可知，此空作定语，要用形容词或形容词性物主代词。结合备选单词及“Ants are insects.”可知是指“它们的身体”。故填Their，注意句首单词首字母要大写。

5．to cut 空格后的food是名词，此空要填动词。结合备选单词及语境“颚是用来切割食物和打架”确定用cut。use sth. to do sth.意为“用某物做某事”。故填to cut。

6．large 由系动词are可确定as...as中间要用形容词的原级。再由big确定此空要填large。

7．size 由空格前的“their”可确定此处要填名词。结合备选单词及语境可知填size。

8．build 空格后的“nests”是名词，此空要填动词，“筑巢”用动词build。主语ants 是复数，谓语动词用原形。故填build。

9．lays 表示“下蛋”用lay。主语“The queen ant”是第三人称单数，故要填lay 的第三人称单数lays。

10．guard 兵蚁“守卫”巢穴，应用guard。主语“Soldier ants”是复数，谓语动词

用原形。故填guard。

Ⅱ.阅读理解

A(2016广州改编)

Jellyfish and Crocodiles (水母和鳄鱼)

Hi, my name's Ben. My family, that's Mum, Dad and me, live in Broome in Western Australia. Western Australia is about 80 times larger than Italy, but only 1.5 million people live there.

Broome is a town in the north of Western Australia. It has a population of about 12，000. It's right on the coast and is known for its famous Cable Beach, which is 20 km long.

We live in the town in a house with a large garden. At weekends I often go fishing or swimming with my friends or my parents. We drive to Cable Beach and look for a quiet place to swim or to fish. We don't go swimming from October to March because there may be box jellyfish in the water. The box jellyfish is one of the most dangerous jellyfish.

In Australia, they kill up to 65 people a year. If you are attacked by one, the best thing to do is to pour vinegar(醋) over the area of your body where you are hurt. That's why we always take a bottle of vinegar with us.

Another dangerous animal in Western Australia is the saltwater crocodile. A year ago I went camping in the bush(灌木丛) with my friend Bill and his dad. We wanted to do some fishing and set up camp about 20 metres from a river. Suddenly, at 3 o'clock in the morning, we felt something pulling on our tent. Bill's father told us to get up and we quickly got out of the tent and ran to the car, which was only 10 metres away.

Bill's dad started the car and turned on the headlights. In the light, we could see a big crocodile pulling the tent into the river!

A．Because it is very cold during these months.

B．Because he lives far from the beach.

C．Because there may be dangerous jellyfish in the water.

D．Because he doesn't like to swim during these months.

(B)2.What does the underlined word “attacked”

mean?

A．Kicked. B．Hurt.

C．Discovered. D．Burned.

(D)3.What does the underlined word “which” refer to in Paragraph 5?

A．The bush. B．The tent.

C．The river. D．The car.

(D)4.Which of the following is true?

A．In Australia people never take a bottle of vinegar with them.

B．Broome is a town with a population of 1.5 million.

C．We go to Cable Beach by bus and look for a quiet place to swim or to fish.

D．The crocodile is pulling our tent at 3 o'clock in the morning.

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述了作者对澳大利亚两种危险的动物——水母和鳄鱼的认识以及自身的一些经历。

【答案精析】

1．C 细节理解题。由第三段第四、五句“We don't go swimming from October to March because there may be box jellyfish in the water. The box jellyfish is one of the most dangerous jellyfish.”可知选C。

2．B 词义猜测题。由后半句“the best thing to do is to pour vinegar(醋) over the area of your body where you are hurt”可知这里是指被水母“伤害或攻击了”，故选B。

2．D 单词指代题。由前半句“Bill's father told us to get up and we quickly got out of the tent and ran to the car”可知which在此是指“汽车”。故选D。

4．D 推理判断题。由第四段最后一句“That's why we always take a bottle of vinegar with us.”可知A项错误；由第二段第一、二句“Broome is a town in the north of Western Australia. It has a population of about 12，000”可知B项错误；由第三段第三句“We drive to Cable Beach and look for a quiet place to swim or to fish.”可知C项错误；由第五段第四句“Suddenly, at 3 o'clock in the morning, we felt something pulling on our tent.”以及文章最后一句“In the light, we could see a big crocodile pulling the tent into the river！”可确定凌晨三点时鳄鱼正在拖我们的帐篷。故选D。

请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根据短文内容从下面方框内的七个选项中，选择五个还原到文中，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。

Sunflower

You can't look at sunflowers and feel sad. Their big faces almost seem to be smiling at you on a summer day as they slowly turn toward the sun. 1__D__They also provide food for bees，birds and squirrels(松鼠) and many other small animals that love to eat the seeds(种子)．

2__A__ People love them, too. You can find bags of them in the stores. They tell

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C. She will go swimming with her mother. B)请听下面4段对话和1段独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从踢中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该项涂黑。听每段对话或独白前你都将有30秒钟的时间阅读各小题。每段对话或独白读两遍。（每小题1分）请听第1段对话，回答第6至第7小题。 6. What are they going to do together? A. Have violin lessons. B. Play tennis. C. Watch movies. 7. What time will they meet? A. At 5:30. B. At 6:30. C. At 7:30. 请听第2段对话，回答第8至第9小题。 8. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a bank. B. In a restaurant. C. In a post office. 9. How much should the man pay? A. $2. B. $3. C. $5. 请听第3段对话，回答第10至第12小题。 10. What is the garden like? A. Beautiful. B. Small. C. Big. 11. What colors Jane’s bedroom? A. White. B. Blue. C. Pink. 12. Which of the following is true? A. The kitchen is very big.

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7. How much does the woman pay? A. $7. B. $8. C. $9. 请听一段对话，完成第8 至第9 小题。 8. Where are the speakers going to have a picnic? A. In the park. B. On the hill. C. At the seaside. 9. Who will join the speakers for the picnic? A. The boy’s da d. B. The boy’s grandpa. C. The boy’s grandma. 请听一段对话，完成第10 至第11 小题。 10. How did the boy go to the wild animal park? A. By train. B. By car. C. By bus. 11. What did the boy do in the wild animal park? A. He drew a picture. B. He fed an elephant. C. He saw a bird show. 请听一段对话，完成第12 至第13 小题。 12. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Different reading skills. B. Some benefits of reading. C. The man’s reading habits. 13. What does the man think of reading? A. He believes it is enjoyable. B. He finds it a little difficult. C. He thinks it takes too much time. 请听一段独白，完成第14 至第15 小题。 14. What can we know about the speaker? A. She lives near her school. B. She likes traveling abroad. C. She wants to improve her English. 15. Why does the speaker send this message? A. To describe her trip in London. B. To tell the way to her house. C. To introduce her hometown. 三、听对话，记录关键信息。本段对话你将听两遍。（共10 分，每小题2 分）请根据知识运用（共25 分）四、单项选择（共10 分，每小题1 分）从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 21. My father is a worker. is very kind. A. He B. She C. His D. It 22. More and more young people go skating winter.

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陕西省2017年中考英语试题及答案（试卷满分120分，考试时间120分钟）第Ⅰ卷（共65分）听力部分（25分）(略) Ⅲ.完形填空（共20小题，计20分）第一节：阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 When I was in primary school,I fell in love with reading.The books__21__me to a wonderful world.The more I read,the more I wanted to know.However,my parents _22_ afford so many books.I had to solve the problem myself. There was a book shop near my home.One day I walked into _23_ shop and picked up abook.I didn't know whether _24_there without buying any books. _25_ I wa sn’t noticed,I just read a few pages and then putit back.Luckily,noone noticed me.Afterthat,I went there to read every day.Several days later,while I was reading,the owner came up and asked,"You like reading?" I lookeddownand replied _26_,“Yes."“Don’t worr y,”he said witha smile.“You may read bookshere _27_ you help me clean he shop."I felt quite surprised, “Really? It's sokindof you!” I was very happy that I _28_ to read there.From then on, I spentalittle time cleaning the shop.After that, I quietly read there.That way,Ireadlots of books.I became one of _29_writersin our school. Ievenwon some prizes in writing. "Now studying in high school, I can borrow books _30_ library.My hobbyof reading is kept.It will make a big difference to my life. 21.A.brought B.are bringing C.bring D.have brought 22.A.couldn't B.mustn't C.needn’t D.shouldn’t 23.A.a B.an C.the D./ 24.A.can l read B.I can read C.could I read D.I could read 25.A.Make sure B.To make sure C.Believe in D.To believe in 26.A.nervous B.nervously C.angry D.angrily 27.A.if B.although C.before D.unless 28.A will allow B. will be allowed C.allowed D.was allowed 29.A.good B.the best C.poor D.the poorest

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请听第一段对话，完成第6至第7小题。 6. What does the woman want to drink? A. Tea B. Milk C. Juice 7. How much does the woman pay? A. $7 B. $ 8 C. $ 9 请听一段对话，完成第8至第9小题。 8. Where are the speakers going to have a picnic? A. In the park. B. On the hill. C. At the seaside. 9. Who will join the speakers for the picnic? A. The boy’s dad. B. The boy’s grandpa. C. The boy’s grandma. 请听一段对话，完成第10至第11小题。 10. How did the boy go to the wild animal park? A. By train. B. By car. C. By bus. 11. What did the boy do in the wild animal park? A. He drew a picture. B. He fed an elephant. C. He saw a bird show. 请听一段对话，完成第12至第13小题。 12. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Different reading skills. B. Some benefits of reading. C. The man’s reading habits. 13. What does the man think of reading? A. He believes it is enjoyable. B. He finds it a little difficult. C. He thinks it takes too much time. 请听一段对话，完成第14至第15小题。 14. What can we know about the speaker? A. She lives near her school. B. She likes traveling abroad. C. She wants to improve her English. 15. Why does the speaker send this message? A. To describe her trip in London. B. To tell the way to her house. C. To introduce her hometown. (2017·北京)三、听对话，记录关键信息。本段对话你将听两遍。（共10分，每小题2分）请根据所听到的对话内容和提示词语，将所缺的关键信息天天写在答题卡上的相应位置上。知识运用（共25分）四、单项填空（共10分，每小题1分）

(完整版)2017年北京市中考英语试题

2017 年北京市中考英语试卷知识运用（共25 分）四、单项选择（共10 分，每小题1 分）从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（）21. My father is a worker. __________is very kind. A.He B. She C. His D. It （）22. More and more young people go skating__________ winter. A.at B. in C. on D. to （）23. ---__________ did you stop playing? --- Because I was tired. A.How B. Why C. When D. Where （）24. The hotel is very old. It’s one of__________ buildings in the city. A.ol d B. old er C. ol dest D. the old est （）25. ---__________ I hand in the report today? --- No, you needn’t. A.Can B. Must C. Shall D. Could （）26. --- How d o you usually go to school? --- I to school on foot. A.go B. went C. was going D. will go （）27. My mother__________ some washing when the telephone rang. A.does B. did C. is d oing D. was doing （）28. Lily is my classmate. We__________each other since she came to our school. A.know B. knew C. have known D. will know （）29. The mobile phone__________ in 1973. A.invents B. is invented C. invented D. was invented （）30. --- Judy, coul d you tell me_________the schoolbag? --- Oh, yes. I bought it in a store on the Internet. A. where did you buy B. where will you buy C. where you bought D. where you will buy

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二、听对话或独白，根据对话或独白的内容，从下面各题所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选择最佳选项。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。（共15 分，每小题1.5 分）请听一段对话，完成第6 至第7 小题。 6. What does the woman want to drink? A. Tea. B. Milk. C. Juice. 7. How much does the woman pay? A. $7. B. $8. C. $9. 请听一段对话，完成第8 至第9 小题。 8. Where are the speakers going to have a picnic? A. In the park. B. On the hill. C. At the seaside. 9. Who will join the speakers for the picnic? A. The bo y’s dad. B. The b oy’s grandpa. C. The boy’s grandma. 请听一段对话，完成第10 至第11 小题。 10. How did the boy go to the wild animal park? A. By train. B. By car. C. By bus. 11. What did the boy do in the wild animal park? A. He drew a picture. B. He fed an elephant. C. He saw a bird show. 请听一段对话，完成第12 至第13 小题。 12. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Different reading skills.

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