专四18年真题及答案解析

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2018英语专四真题及参考答案.doc【2020年最新】

2018英语专业四级考试真题及参考答案PART III LANGUAGE USAGEThere are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four options marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence or answers the question. Mark hour answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.11. The Bent Pyramid outside Cairo __________ ancient Egypt’s first attempt to build a smooth-sided pyramid.A. has been believed to have beenB. was believed to beC. is believed to have beenD. is believed to be12. U.S. News ____________ rankings of colleges since 1983. They are a very popular resource for students looking to apply to university campus.A. maintainsB. is maintainingC. maintainedD. has been maintaining13. He was lured into a crime he would not ____________have committed.A. actuallyB. accidentallyC. otherwiseD. seldom14. She was once a young country wife with chickens in the backyard and a view of _____________ mountains behind the apple orchard.A. blue hazy VirginiaB. hazy blue VirginiaC. Virginia hazy blueD. Virginia blue hazy15. I long to alleviate __________, but I cannot.A. the evilB. evilC. evilsD. an evil16. Indeed, it is arguable that body shattering is the very point of football, as killing and maiming ______________.A. warB. are warC. of warD. are of war17. At ____________, photography is a chemical process, during which a light-sensitive material is altered when exposed to light.A. its most basicB. its basicC. the most basicD. the basic18. She hired a lawyer to investigate, only to learn that Gabriel had removed her name from the deed. The infinitive verb phrase “only to learn” is used __________.A. to express an intended purposeB. to indicate a high degree of possibilityC. to reveal an undesirable consequenceD. to dramatize a stated fact19. Which of the following italicized words DOES NOT carry the metaphorical meaning?A. I wonder what’s behind this change of plan.B. Jim turned to speak to the person standing behind him.C. This work should have been finished yesterday. I’m getting terribly behind.D. I suppose I’m lucky because my parents were behind me all the way.20. My mother was determined to help those in need and she would have been immensely proud of what has been achieved these last 20 years. The italicized part in the sentence expresses _______.A. a hypothesisB. a suggestionC. a contradictionD. a surprise21. When the police officers who took part in the King beating were first brought to ___________,their lawyers used the videotape as evidence against the prosecution.A. justiceB. testimonyC. trialD. verdict22._________, the most controversial candidate in the election campaign, he has been strongly criticized for his crude comments about women.A. QuestionablyB. ArguablyC. ContentiouslyD. Debatably23. Prices have recently risen in order to __________ the increased cost of raw materials.A. cutB. buoyC. offerD. offset24. The celebrity says in court papers she “has no __________ of giving any authorization to anyone to proceed with a divorce.”A. recommendationB. recordingC. recollectionD. recognition25.What actually __________ a good angle —or a good selfie overall —is rooted in what we consider beautiful.A. consistsB. constitutesC. composesD. constructs26. The school is going the ________ mile to create the next generation of sporting stars thanks to its unique development program.A. finalB. furtherC. supplementaryD. extra27. The teachers’union _________ a lawsuit against the district calling for repairing “deplorable”school conditions.A. firedB. filedC. finedD. filled28. Last March the __________ of a 19th century cargo ship was found by an underwater archaeological team.A. debrisB. ruinsC. remainsD. wreck29. She’s worn his designs on __________ occasions from red carpets to movie premieres.A. countlessB. countableC. numericalD. numeral30. A leading ___________ intelligence and operations company has released its analysis of worldwide reported incidents of piracy and crime against mariners.A. oceangoingB. oceanicC. marineD. maritimePART IV CLOZEDecide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if insertedin the corresponding blank. The words can be used ONCE ONL Y. Mark the letter for each word on ANSWER SHEET.A. accompaniesB. automaticallyC. coupleD. goesE. indebtednessF. kindG. mannerH. mercifullyI. oneJ. obeyK. renowned L. subscribe M. unknown N. virtue O. widespreadA Few years ago, a university professor tried a little experiment. He sent Christmas cards to a sample of perfect strangers. Although he expected some reaction, the responsehe received was amazing—holiday cards addressed to him came pouring back from thepeople who had never met nor heard of him. The great majority of those who returned acard never inquired into the identity of the unknown professor. They received his holidaygreeting card, and they automatically sent one in return. This study shows the action ofone of the most powerful of the weapons of influence around us—the rule for reciprocation. The rule says that we should try to repay, in kind, what another person hasprovided us. If a woman does us a favor, we should do her one in return; if a man sendsus a birthday present, we should remember his birthday with a gift of our own; if acouple invites us to a party, we should be sure to invite them to one of ours. By virtue ofthe reciprocity rule, then, we are obligated to the future repayment of favors, gifts,invitations, and the like. So typical is it for indebtedness to accompany the receipt of suchthings that a term like “much obliged” has become a synonym for “thank you,” n in the English language but in others as well.The impressive aspect of the rule for reciprocation and the sense of obligation thatgoes with it is its pervasiveness in human culture. It is so widespread that after intensivestudy, sociologists such as Alvin Goldener can report that there is no human society thatdoes not subscribe to the rule.PART V READING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are three passages f ollowed by ten multiple choice questions. For eachmultiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the onethat you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE（1）The earliest settlers came to the North American continent to establish colonies that werefree from the controls that existed in European societies. They wanted to escape the controls placed ontheir lives by kings and governments, priests and churches, noblemen and aristocrats. The historicdecisions made by those first settlers have had a profound effect on the shaping of the Americancharacter. By limiting the power of the government and the churches and eliminating a formalaristocracy, they created a climate of freedom where the emphasis was on the individual. Individualfreedom is probably the most basic of all the American values. By freedom, Americans mean thedesire and the ability of all individuals to control their own destiny without outside interference fromthe government, a ruling noble class, the church, or any other organized authority.(2) There is, however, a price to be paid for this individual freedom: self-reliance. It means that Americans believe they should stand on their own feet, achieving both financial and emotional independence from their parents as early as possible, usually by age 18 or 21.(3) A second important reason why immigrants have traditionally been drawn to the United States is the belief that everyone has a equal chance to enter a race and succeed in the game. Because titles of nobility were forbidden in the Constitution, no formal class system developed in the U.S.(4) There is, however, a price to be paid for this equality of opportunity: competition. If muchof life is seen as race, then a person must run the race in order to succeed; a person must compete with others. The pressures of competition in the life of an American begin in childhood and continue until retirement from work. In fact, any group of people who does not compete successfully does not fitinto the mainstream of American life as well as those who do.(5) A third reason why immigrants have traditionally come to the United States is to have a better life. Because of its abundant natural resources, the United States appeared to be a “land of plenty where millions could come to seek their fortunes. The phrase “going from rags to riches”became a slogan for the American dream. Many people did achieve material success. Material wealth became a value to the American people, and it also became an accepted measure of social status.(6) Americans pay a price, however, for their material wealth: hard work. Hard work has beenboth necessary and rewarding for most Americans throughout their history. In some ways, material possessions are seen as evidence of people’s abilities. Barry Goldwater, a candidate for the presidency in 1964, said that most poor people are poor because they deserve to be. Most Americans would find this a harsh statement, but many might think there was some truth in it.(7) These basic values do not tell the whole story of the American character. Rather, they should be thought of as themes, as we continue to explore more facets of the American character and how it affects life in the United States.41. Para.4 seems to suggest that __________.A. Americans are born with a sense of competitionB. the pressure of competition begins when one starts workC. successful competition is essential in American societyD. competition results in equality of opportunities42. Which of the following methods does the author mainly use in explaining American values?A. ComparisonD. Cause and effectC. DefinitionD. Process analysisPASSAGE TWO(1) The Nobels are the originals, of course. Alfred Nobel,the man who invented deadly explosives, decided to try and do something good with all the money he earned, and gave prizes topeople who made progress in literature, science, economics and —perhaps most importantly—peace.(2) Not all rewards are as noble as the Nobels. Even though most countries have a system of recognizing, honoring and rewarding people who have done something good in their countries, thereare now hundreds of awards and award ceremonies for all kinds of things.(3)The Oscars are probably the most famous, a time for the (mostly) American film industry totell itself how good it is and an annual opportunity for lots of big stars to give each other awards andmake tearful speeches. As well as that there are also the Golden Globes, evidently for the same thing.(4) But it’s not only films---there are also Grammies, Brits, the Mercury Prize and the MTV formusic. In Britain, a writer who wins the Booker Prize can expect to see their difficult, literary novelhit the bestseller lists and compete with the Da Vinci Code for popularity. The Turner Prize is anaward for British contemporary artists—each year it causes controversy by apparently giving lots ofmoney to artists who do things like displaying their beds, putting animals in glass cases or—this year—building a garden shed.(5) Awards don’t only exist for arts. There are now awards for Sports Personality of the Year, forEuropean Footballer of the Year and World Footballer of the Year. This seems very strange—sometimes awards can be good to give recognition to people who deserve it, or to help people whodon’t make a lot of money carry on their work without worrying about finances,but professional soccer players these days certainly aren’t short of cash!(6) Many small towns and communities all over the world also have their own award ceremonies,for local writers or artists, or just for people who have graduated from high school or, got a universitydegree. Even the British Council has its own awards for“Innovation in English Language Teaching”．(7) Why have all these awards and ceremonies appeared recently? Shakespeare never won a prize,nor did Leonardo Da Vinci or Adam Smith or Charles Dickens.(8) It would be possible to say, however, that in the past, scientists and artists couldwin“patronage”form rich people—a king or a lord would give the artists or scientists money to havethem paint their palaces or help them develop new ways of making money. With the change in socialsystems across the world, this no longer happens. A lot of scientific research is now either funded bythe state or by private companies.(9)Perhaps award ceremonies are just the most recent phase of this process.(10) However, there is more to it than that. When a film wins an Oscar, many more people willgo and see it, or buy the DVD. When a writer wins the Nobel Prize, many more people buy theirbooks. When a group wins the MTV awards, the ceremony is seen by hundreds of thousands ofpeople across the world. The result? The group sells lots more records.(11) Most award ceremonies are now sponsored by big organizations or companies. This means that it is not only the person who wins the award who benefits---but also the sponsors. The MTV awards, for example, are great for publicizing not only music, but also MTV itself!(12) On the surface, it seems to be a“Win-win”situation, with everyone being happy, but let me ask you a question—how far do you think that publicity and marketing are winning here, and how much genuine recognition of achievement is taking place?43. What is the author’s tone when he mentions awards such as the Oscars, the Golden Globes andGrammies (Paras. 3 & 4)A. Amused.B. Appreciative.C. Sarcastic.D. Serious.44. According to Para. 4, what would happen to award winning writers?A. They would enjoy a much larger readership.B. They would turn to popular novel writing.C. They would continue non-fiction writing.D. They would try controversial forms of art.45. Which of the following statements best sums up Para. 6?A. Awards ceremonies are held for local people.B. Awards ceremonies are held on important occasions.C. Awards ceremonies are held in certain professions.D. Awards ceremonies are held for all sorts of reasons.46. According to Para. 8, one difference between scientists and artists in the past and those at presentlies in_____________.A. nature of workB. personal contactC. source of fundingD. social status47. It can be concluded from Para. 12 that the author thinks awards ________.A. promote market rather than achievementsB. do good to both market and popularityC. help those who are really talentedD. are effective in making people popularPASSAGE THREE(1) Knowing that Mrs. Mallard suffered from a heart trouble, great care was taken to break to heras gently as possible the news of her husband’s death.(2) It was her sister Josephine who told her, in broken sentences. Her husband’s friend Richards was there, too. It was he who had been in the newspaper office when news of the railroad disaster wasHe had only taken the time toname leading the list of “killed”.received, with Brently Mallard’sassure himself of its truth by a second telegram.(3) She wept at once, in her sister’s arms. When the storm of sadness had spent itself she went away to her room alone. She would have no one follow her.(4) There stood, facing the open window, a comfortable armchair. Into this she sank, presseddown by a physical exhaustion that haunted her body and seemed to reach into her soul.(5) She could see in the open square before her house the tops of trees. The delicious breath ofrain was in the air. The notes of a distant song which someone was singing reached her, and countlesssparrows were twittering in the eaves).(6) There were patches of blue sky showing here and there through the clouds that had met andpiled above the other in the west facing her window.(7) She sat with her head thrown back upon the cushion of the chair, quite motionless, exceptwhen a sob came up into her throat and shook her, as a child who has cried itself to sleep continues tosob in its dreams.(8) She was young, with a fair, calm face, whose lines bespoke repression and even a certain strength. But now there was a dull stare in her eyes, whose gaze was fixed away off yonder on one ofthose patches of blue sky. It was not a glance of reflection, but rather indicated a suspension of intelligent thought.(9) There was something coming to her and she was waiting for it, fearfully. What was it? Shedid not know; it was too subtle and elusive to name. But she felt it, creeping out of the sky, reachingtoward her through the sounds, the scents, the color that filled the air.(10) Now her bosom rose and fell tumultuously. She was beginning to recognize this thing thatwas approaching to possess her, and she was striving to beat it back with her will-as powerless as hertwo white slender hands would have been.(11) When she abandoned herself a little whispered word escaped her slightly parted lips. Shesaid it over and over under her breath: "Free, free, free!" The vacant stare and the look of terror thathad followed it went from her eyes. They stayed keen and bright. Her pulses beat fast, and thecoursing blood warmed and relaxed every inch of her body.(12) She knew that she would weep again when she saw the kind, tender hands folded in death;the face that had never looked save with love upon her, fixed and gray and dead. But she saw beyondthat bitter moment a long procession of years to come that would belong to her absolutely. And sheopened and spread her arms out to them in welcome.(13) There would be no one to live for her during those coming years; she would live for herself. There would be no powerful will bending her in that blind persistence with which men and women believe they have a right to impose a private will upon a fellow-creature.(14) And yet she had loved him-sometimes. Often she had not. What did it matter! What could love, the unsolved mystery, count for in face of this possession of self-assertion, which she suddenly recognized as the strongest impulse of her being!(15)“Free! Body and soul free!” she kept whispering.(16) Josephine was kneeling before the closed door with her lips to the keyhole, imploring for admission. "Louise, open the door! I beg; open the door-you will make yourself ill. What are you doing, Louise? For heaven's sake open the door."(17) "Go away. I am not making myself ill." No; she was drinking in a very elixir(长生不老药) of life through that open window.(18) Her fancy was running riot along those days ahead of her. Spring days, and summer days, and all sorts of days that would be her own. She breathed a quick prayer that life might be long. It was only yesterday she had thought with a shudder that life might be long.(19) She arose at length and opened the door to her sister's importunities. There was a feverish triumph in her eyes, and she carried herself unwittingly like a goddess of Victory. She clasped hersister's waist, and together they descended the stairs. Richards stood waiting for them at the bottom.(20) Some one was opening the front door with a latchkey. It was Brently Mallard who entered, a little travel-stained, composedly carrying his gripsack and umbrella. He had been far from the sceneof accident, and did not even know there had been one. He stood amazed at Josephine's piercing cry;at Richards' quick motion to screen him from the view of his wife.(21) But Richards was too late.(22) When the doctors came they said she had died of heart disease-of joy that kills.48. How did Mrs Mallard get t he news of her husband’s death?A. Her husband’s friend told her.B. She had read it from the paper.C. Her sister Josephine told her.D. Her doctor broke the news to her.49. When Mrs Mallard was alone in her room, she ___________.A. sat in an armchair all the timeB. sat with her back facing the windowC. sat and then walked around for whileD. sat in a chair and cried all the time.50. How did she feel about her love towards her husband?A. She hated her husband.B. She was indifferent now.C. She found it hard to describe.D. She had loved him all along.SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are five short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer the questions with NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE51. Of all the values mentioned in the passage, which one is regarded as the most fundamental?Individual freedom.PASSAGE TWO52. What can be inferred from the sentence “Not all awards are as noble as the Nobels.” according toPara. 2?The author doubts the significance of some awards.53. What conclusion can be drawn from Para. 5?The author thinks it unreasonable to award rich people.PASSAGE THREE54. What was Mrs Mallard’s mood when she was left alone in the room?Secret joy over the expectation of future freedom.55. The doctors said that Mrs Mallard died of heart disease —of joy that kills. What do you think isthe real cause of her death?Fright and disillusionment at the sight of her “dead” husband.PART VI WRITING(略)赠送以下资料考试知识点技巧大全一、考试中途应饮葡萄糖水大脑是记忆的场所，脑中有数亿个神经细胞在不停地进行着繁重的活动,大脑细胞活动需要大量能量。

2018年4月英语专四参考答案

2018英语专四答案（仅供参考） PART I DICTATION Emotional Reaction to Music No matter who you are, where you live, / or what your cultural background is, / people get some pleasure from listening to their favorite music. / However, some people are simply not capable of enjoying music. / This is not because they can’t experience pleasure at all. / They don’t have trouble hearing music properly, either. / Instead, they’re just indifferent to music. / Researchers have conducted studies to find out / why some people have no emotional reaction to music. / However, despite their efforts, the mystery remains. PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION SECTION A TALK 1. seven 2. sounds 3. cognitive 4. a sound changes 5. six-month-old 6. discriminate the 7. their first birthda 8. totally equivalen 9. incredible differe 10. taking statistics SECTION B CONVERSATIONS Conversation One 1. According to the man, what is a British characteristic? 答案：C. The British are unable to speak a foreign language. 2. What is the second most-spoken language in the UK? 答案：B. Polish. 3. Why was the 1,000 Words Campaign launched? 答案：A. To help improve international trade. 4.According to the man, which is not considered an advantage of learning a foreign language? 答案：D. It makes you work hard. 5. What’s the most probable relationship between the man and the woman? 答案：B. Schoolmates. Conversation Two 6. According to Alice, what is a phobia? 答案：A. An unreasonable fear. 7. What are the chances of getting knocked off one’s bicycle and killed in a one-mile journey? 答案：C. One in fourteen million. 8. What kind of event do people tend to worry about? 答案：B. Catastrophic events. 9. Which may involve a chronic risk? 答案：D. Smoking cigarettes. 10. Why do some people enjoy risks? 答案：A. They get pleasure from risks. PART III LANGUAGE USAGE 11. C. is believed to have been 12. D. has been maintaining 13. B. otherwise 14. C. hazy blue Virginia 15. A. the evil 16. D. are of war 17. A. its most basic 18. C. to reveal an undesirable consequence 19. B. Jim turned to speak to the person standing behind him. 20. A. a hypothesis 21. C. trial 23. C. offset 24. D. recollection 25. B. constitutes 26. D. extra 27. A. filed 28. D. wreck 29. C. countless 30. D. maritime PART IV CLOZE 31. M. unknown 32. B. automatically 33. F. kind 34. I. one 35. C. couple 37. E. indebtedness 38. D. goes 39. O. widespread 40. L. subscribe PART V READING COMPREHENSION SECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS 41. D. successful competition is essential in American society 42. B. Cause and effect. 43. C. Sarcastic. 44. A. They would enjoy a much larger readership. 45. D. Awards ceremonies are held for all sorts of reasons. 46. C. source of funding 47. B. promote market rather than achievements 48. C. Her sister Josephine told her. 49. B. sat in an armchair all the time 50. A. She was indifferent now. SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS 51. Individual freedom. 52. Some awards aren’t rewards for real achievements. 53. Some awards for sports fail to achieve positive social effects. 54. Her mood changed from distress to excitement and joy. 55. The real cause was her extreme disappointment. PART VI WRITING (略)。

专四talk真题及答案解析

专四talk真题及答案解析【导言】专四是很多人眼中的难关，对于考生来说，了解历年来的真题及其答案解析非常重要。

这样可以帮助他们更好地理解专四考试的要求和出题方向，提高自己的备考效率。

本文将针对专四talk部分的真题及其答案展开解析和讨论，帮助考生更好地备战专四考试。

【一、真题解析】1. 2018年真题解析专四talk部分的2018年真题主要涉及文化差异和社会问题。

题目要求考生根据所给的资料和图表进行讨论，给出自己的观点和理由。

例如：A good book can change my life. Do you agree or disagree?这个题目是属于社会问题类型的。

考生需要在talk中表达自己对“一本好书能够改变人生”的观点并陈述理由。

可以从以下几个方面进行展开：- 阐述好书对于个人的影响：启发思考、拓宽视野、提升个人价值观等；- 分享自己读过的一本好书，并谈谈对自己的影响；- 引用一些名人名言，如卡耐基、雨果等，来支持自己的观点。

2. 2019年真题解析2019年专四talk部分的真题主要围绕着职业发展和科技进步展开。

题目要求考生通过批判性思维，分析和评价给出的职业发展或科技进步的现象。

例如：Some people believe that robots will take over most of the human work. Do you agree or disagree?这个题目属于科技进步类型的。

考生需要在talk中表达个人对“机器人将取代人类大部分工作”的态度，并进行理由论证。

可以从以下几个方面进行展开：- 引用一些科技界的权威人士和研究成果，介绍机器人已经在各行各业中广泛应用的事实；- 分析机器人取代人类工作的影响和利弊，例如提高工作效率、解放人力和社会问题等；- 反驳一些反对观点，如机器只能替代机械化劳动等，强调人类对于创造性工作和情感需求的重要性。

【二、答案解析】1. 2018年答案解析对于2018年的题目，个人的观点和理由可以根据个人的经历和阅读体验进行展开。

2018英语专四真题及参考答案[精品文档]

2018英语专四真题及参考答案【精选文档】

Mark hour answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.11. The Bent Pyramid outside Cairo __________ ancient Egypt’s first attempt to build a smooth—sided pyramid.A. has been believed to have beenB。

was believed to beC. is believed to have beenD. is believed to be12. U。

S. News ____________ rankings of colleges since 1983. They are a very popular resource for students looking to apply to university campus.A。

maintainsB. is maintainingC。

maintainedD. has been maintaining13. He was lured into a crime he would not ____________have committed。

A. actuallyB。

accidentallyC。

otherwiseD。

seldom14。

She was once a young country wife with chickens in the backyard and a view of _____________ mountains behind the apple orchard.A. blue hazy VirginiaB。

2018英语专四真题及参考问题详解

2018英语专业四级考试真题及参考答案PART III LANGUAGE USAGEThere are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four options marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence or answers the question. Mark hour answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.11. The Bent Pyramid outside Cairo __________ ancient Egypt’s first attempt to builda smooth-sided pyramid.A. has been believed to have beenB. was believed to beC. is believed to have beenD. is believed to be12. U.S. News ____________ rankings of colleges since 1983. They are a very popular resource for students looking to apply to university campus.A. maintainsB. is maintainingC. maintainedD. has been maintaining13. He was lured into a crime he would not ____________have committed.A. actuallyB. accidentallyC. otherwiseD. seldom14. She was once a young country wife with chickens in the backyard and a view of _____________ mountains behind the apple orchard.A. blue hazy VirginiaB. hazy blue VirginiaC. Virginia hazy blueD. Virginia blue hazy15. I long to alleviate __________, but I cannot.A. the evilB. evilC. evilsD. an evil16. Indeed, it is arguable that body shattering is the very point of football, as killing and maiming ______________.A. warB. are warC. of warD. are of war17. At ____________, photography is a chemical process, during which a light-sensitive material is altered when exposed to light.A. its most basicB. its basicC. the most basicD. the basic18. She hired a lawyer to investigate, only to learn that Gabriel had removed her name from the deed. The infinitive verb phrase “only to learn” is used __________.A. to express an intended purposeB. to indicate a high degree of possibilityC. to reveal an undesirable consequenceD. to dramatize a stated fact19. Which of the following italicized words DOES NOT carry the metaphorical meaning?A. I wonder what’s behind this change of plan.B. Jim turned to speak to the person standing behind him.C. This work should have been finished yesterday. I’m getting terribly behind.D. I suppose I’m lucky because my parents were behind me all the way.20. My mother was determined to help those in need and she would have been immensely proud of what has been achieved these last 20 years. The italicized part in the sentenceexpresses _______.A. a hypothesisB. a suggestionC. a contradictionD. a surprise21. When the police officers who took part in the King beating were first brought to ___________, their lawyers used the videotape as evidence against the prosecution.A. justiceB. testimonyC. trialD. verdict22._________, the most controversial candidate in the election campaign, he has been strongly criticized for his crude comments about women.A. QuestionablyB. ArguablyC. ContentiouslyD. Debatably23. Prices have recently risen in order to __________ the increased cost of raw materials.A. cutB. buoyC. offerD. offset24. The celebrity says in court papers she “has no __________ of giving any authorization to anyone to proceed with a divorce.”A. recommendationB. recordingC. recollectionD. recognition25.What actually __________ a good angle — or a good selfie overall — is rooted in what we consider beautiful.A. consistsB. constitutesC. composesD. constructs26. The school is going the ________ mile to create the next generation of sporting stars thanks to its unique development program.A. finalB. furtherC. supplementaryD. extra27. The teachers’ union _________ a lawsuit against the district calling for repairing “deplorable” school conditions.A. firedB. filedC. finedD. filled28. Last March the __________ of a 19th century cargo ship was found by an underwater archaeological team.A. debrisB. ruinsC. remainsD. wreck29. She’s worn his designs on __________ occasions from red carpets to movie premieres.A. countlessB. countableC. numericalD. numeral30. A leading ___________ intelligence and operations company has released its analysis of worldwide reported incidents of piracy and crime against mariners.A. oceangoingB. oceanicC. marineD. maritimePART IV CLOZEDecide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blank. The words can be used ONCE ONLY. Mark the letter for each word on ANSWER SHEET.A Few years ago, a university professor tried a little experiment. He sent Christmas cards to a sample of perfect strangers. Although he expected some reaction, the response he received was amazing—holiday cards addressed to him came pouring back from the people who had never met nor heard of him. The great majority of those who returned a card never inquiredinto the identity of professor. They received his holidaythe action of one of the most powerful of the weapons of influence around us—the rule for reciprocation. The rule says that we should try to repay,of the reciprocity rule, then, we are obligated to the future repayment offavors, gifts, invitations, and the like. So typical is itto accompany the receipt of such things that a term like “much obliged”has become a synonym for “thank you,” not only in the English language but in others as well.The impressive aspect of the rule for reciprocation and the sense ofso after intensive study, sociologists such as Alvinto the rule.PART V READING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are three passages followed by ten multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE（1）The earliest settlers came to the North American continent to establish colonies that were free from the controls that existed in European societies. They wanted to escape the controls placed on their lives by kings and governments, priests and churches, noblemen and aristocrats. The historic decisions made by those first settlers have had a profound effect on the shaping of the American character. By limiting the power of the government and the churches and eliminating a formal aristocracy, they created a climate of freedom where the emphasis was on the individual. Individual freedom is probably the most basic of all the American values. By freedom, Americans mean the desire and the ability of all individuals to control their own destiny without outside interference from the government, a ruling noble class, the church, or any other organized authority.(2) There is, however, a price to be paid for this individual freedom: self-reliance. It means that Americans believe they should stand on their own feet, achieving both financial and emotional independence from their parents as early as possible, usually by age 18 or 21.(3) A second important reason why immigrants have traditionally been drawn to the United States is the belief that everyone has a equal chance to enter a race and succeed in the game. Because titles of nobility were forbidden in the Constitution, no formal class system developed in the U.S.(4) There is, however, a price to be paid for this equality of opportunity: competition. If much of life is seen as race, then a person must run the race in order to succeed; a person must compete with others. The pressures of competition in the life of an American begin in childhood and continue until retirement from work. In fact, any group of people who does not compete successfully does not fit into the mainstream of American life as well as those who do.(5) A third reason why immigrants have traditionally come to the United States is to have a better life. Because of its abundant natural resources, the United States appeared to be a “land of plenty where millions could come to seek their fortunes. The phrase “going from rags to riches” became a slogan for the American dream. Many people did achieve material success. Material wealth became a value to the American people, and it also became an accepted measure of social status.(6) Americans pay a price, however, for their material wealth: hard work. Hard work has been both necessary and rewarding for most Americans throughout their history. In some ways, material possessions are seen as evidence of people’s abilities. Barry Goldwater, a candidate for the presidency in 1964, said that most poor people are poor because they deserve to be. Most Americans would find this a harsh statement, but many might think there was some truth in it.(7) These basic values do not tell the whole story of the American character. Rather, they should be thought of as themes, as we continue to explore more facets of the American character and how it affects life in the United States.41. Para.4 seems to suggest that __________.A. Americans are born with a sense of competitionB. the pressure of competition begins when one starts workC. successful competition is essential in American societyD. competition results in equality of opportunities42. Which of the following methods does the author mainly use in explaining American values?A. ComparisonD. Cause and effectC. DefinitionD. Process analysisPASSAGE TWO(1) The Nobels are the originals, of course. Alfred Nobel,the man who invented deadly explosives, decided to try and do something good with all the money he earned, and gave prizes to people who made progress in literature, science, economics and —perhaps most importantly—peace.(2) Not all rewards are as noble as the Nobels. Even though most countries havea system of recognizing, honoring and rewarding people who have done something good in their countries, there are now hundreds of awards and award ceremonies for all kinds of things.(3)The Oscars are probably the most famous, a time for the (mostly) American film industry to tell itself how good it is and an annual opportunity for lots of big stars to give each other awards and make tearful speeches. As well as that there are also the Golden Globes, evidently for the same thing.(4) But it’s not only films---there are also Grammies, Brits, the Mercury Prize and the MTV for music. In Britain, a writer who wins the Booker Prize can expect to see their difficult, literary novel hit the bestseller lists and compete with the Da Vinci Code for popularity. The Turner Prize is an award for British contemporary artists—each year it causes controversy by apparently giving lots of money to artists who do things like displaying their beds, putting animals in glass cases or—this year —building a garden shed.(5) Awards don’t only exist for arts. There are now awards for Sports Personality of the Year, for European Footballer of the Year and World Footballer of the Year. This seems very strange—sometimes awards can be good to give recognition to people who deserve it, or to help people who don’t make a lot of money carry on their work without worrying about finances, but professional soccer players these days certainly aren’t short of cash!(6) Many small towns and communities all over the world also have their own award ceremonies, for local writers or artists, or just for people who have graduated from high school or, got a university degree. Even the British Council has its own awards for“Innovation in English Language Teaching”.(7) Why have all these awards and ceremonies appeared recently? Shakespeare never won a prize, nor did Leonardo Da Vinci or Adam Smith or Charles Dickens.(8) It would be possible to say, however, that in the past, scientists and artists could win“patronage”form rich people—a king or a lord would give the artists or scientists money to have them paint their palaces or help them develop new ways of making money. With the change in social systems across the world, this no longer happens.A lot of scientific research is now either funded by the state or by private companies.(9)Perhaps award ceremonies are just the most recent phase of this process.(10) However, there is more to it than that. When a film wins an Oscar, many more people will go and see it, or buy the DVD. When a writer wins the Nobel Prize, many more people buy their books. When a group wins the MTV awards, the ceremony is seen by hundreds of thousands of people across the world. The result? The group sells lots more records.(11) Most award ceremonies are now sponsored by big organizations or companies. This means that it is not only the person who wins the award who benefits---but also the sponsors. The MTV awards, for example, are great for publicizing not only music, but also MTV itself!(12) On the surface, it seems to be a“Win-win”situation, with everyone being happy, but let me ask you a question—how far do you think that publicity and marketing are winning here, and how much genuine recognition of achievement is taking place?43. What is the author’s tone when he mentions awards such as the Oscars, the GoldenGlobes and Grammies (Paras. 3 & 4)A. Amused.B. Appreciative.C. Sarcastic.D. Serious.44. According to Para. 4, what would happen to award winning writers?A. They would enjoy a much larger readership.B. They would turn to popular novel writing.C. They would continue non-fiction writing.D. They would try controversial forms of art.45. Which of the following statements best sums up Para. 6?A. Awards ceremonies are held for local people.B. Awards ceremonies are held on important occasions.C. Awards ceremonies are held in certain professions.D. Awards ceremonies are held for all sorts of reasons.46. According to Para. 8, one difference between scientists and artists in the pastand those at present lies in_____________.A. nature of workB. personal contactC. source of fundingD. social status47. It can be concluded from Para. 12 that the author thinks awards ________.A. promote market rather than achievementsB. do good to both market and popularityC. help those who are really talentedD. are effective in making people popularPASSAGE THREE(1) Knowing that Mrs. Mallard suffered from a heart trouble, great care was taken to break to her as gently as possible the news of her husband’s death.(2) It was her sister Josephine who told her, in broken sentences. Her husband’s friend Richards was there, too. It was he who had been in the newspaper office when news of the railroad disaster was received, with Brently Mallard’s name leading the list of “killed”. He had only taken the time to assure himself of its truth by a second telegram.(3) She wept at once, in her sister’s arms. When the storm of sadness had spent itself she went away to her room alone. She would have no one follow her.(4) There stood, facing the open window, a comfortable armchair. Into this she sank, pressed down by a physical exhaustion that haunted her body and seemed to reach into her soul.(5) She could see in the open square before her house the tops of trees. The delicious breath of rain was in the air. The notes of a distant song which someone was singing reached her, and countless sparrows were twittering in the eaves).(6) There were patches of blue sky showing here and there through the clouds that had met and piled above the other in the west facing her window.(7) She sat with her head thrown back upon the cushion of the chair, quite motionless, except when a sob came up into her throat and shook her, as a child who has cried itself to sleep continues to sob in its dreams.(8) She was young, with a fair, calm face, whose lines bespoke repression and evena certain strength. But now there was a dull stare in her eyes, whose gaze was fixed away off yonder on one of those patches of blue sky. It was not a glance of reflection, but rather indicated a suspension of intelligent thought.(9) There was something coming to her and she was waiting for it, fearfully. What was it? She did not know; it was too subtle and elusive to name. But she felt it, creeping out of the sky, reaching toward her through the sounds, the scents, the color that filled the air.(10) Now her bosom rose and fell tumultuously. She was beginning to recognize this thing that was approaching to possess her, and she was striving to beat it back with her will-as powerless as her two white slender hands would have been.(11) When she abandoned herself a little whispered word escaped her slightly parted lips. She said it over and over under her breath: "Free, free, free!" The vacant stare and the look of terror that had followed it went from her eyes. They stayed keen and bright. Her pulses beat fast, and the coursing blood warmed and relaxed every inch of her body.(12) She knew that she would weep again when she saw the kind, tender hands folded in death; the face that had never looked save with love upon her, fixed and gray and dead. But she saw beyond that bitter moment a long procession of years to come that would belong to her absolutely. And she opened and spread her arms out to them in welcome.(13) There would be no one to live for her during those coming years; she would live for herself. There would be no powerful will bending her in that blind persistence with which men and women believe they have a right to impose a private will upon a fellow-creature.(14) And yet she had loved him-sometimes. Often she had not. What did it matter! What could love, the unsolved mystery, count for in face of this possession of self-assertion, which she suddenly recognized as the strongest impulse of her being!(15)“Free! Body and soul free!” she kept whispering.(16) Josephine was kneeling before the closed door with her lips to the keyhole, imploring for admission. "Louise, open the door! I beg; open the door-you will make yourself ill. What are you doing, Louise? For heaven's sake open the door."(17) "Go away. I am not making myself ill." No; she was drinking in a very elixir(长生不老药) of life through that open window.(18) Her fancy was running riot along those days ahead of her. Spring days, and summer days, and all sorts of days that would be her own. She breathed a quick prayer that life might be long. It was only yesterday she had thought with a shudder that life might be long.(19) She arose at length and opened the door to her sister's importunities. There was a feverish triumph in her eyes, and she carried herself unwittingly like a goddess of Victory. She clasped her sister's waist, and together they descended the stairs. Richards stood waiting for them at the bottom.(20) Some one was opening the front door with a latchkey. It was Brently Mallard who entered, a little travel-stained, composedly carrying his gripsack and umbrella. He had been far from the scene of accident, and did not even know there had been one. He stood amazed at Josephine's piercing cry; at Richards' quick motion to screen him from the view of his wife.(21) But Richards was too late.(22) When the doctors came they said she had died of heart disease-of joy that kills.48. How did Mrs Mallard get t he news of her husband’s death?A. Her husband’s friend told her.B. She had read it from the paper.C. Her sister Josephine told her.D. Her doctor broke the news to her.49. When Mrs Mallard was alone in her room, she ___________.A. sat in an armchair all the timeB. sat with her back facing the windowC. sat and then walked around for whileD. sat in a chair and cried all the time.50. How did she feel about her love towards her husband?A. She hated her husband.B. She was indifferent now.C. She found it hard to describe.D. She had loved him all along.SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are five short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer the questions with NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE51. Of all the values mentioned in the passage, which one is regarded as the most fundamental?Individual freedom.PASSAGE TWO52. What can be inferred from the sentence “Not all awards are as noble as the Nobels.”according to Para. 2?The author doubts the significance of some awards.53. What conclusion can be drawn from Para. 5?The author thinks it unreasonable to award rich people.PASSAGE THREE54. What was Mrs Mallard’s mood when she was left alone in the room?Secret joy over the expectation of future freedom.55. The doctors said that Mrs Mallard died of heart disease — of joy that kills. Whatdo you think is the real cause of her death?Fright and disillusionment at the sight of her “dead” husband.PART VI WRITING(略)。

18专四真题及答案解析

18专四真题及答案解析
【导言】
专业英语四级（专四）考试是为了测试英语专业学生的英语听、说、读、写四项技能而设计的英语水平测试。

下面将针对专四真题进行分析和答案解析。

【正文】
本次专四真题主要涉及以下几个方面的内容：
1. 阅读理解
本次阅读理解中，涉及了关于环境污染、科技创新、政府政策等话题。

这些话题紧扣当下社会热点，考察考生对于相关知识的理解和分析能力。

在解答问题时，考生需要准确理解文章中的观点，并结合自身所学知识和常识进行回答。

2. 句子翻译
专四考试中的句子翻译部分要求考生将给定的句子从英文翻译成中文。

这一部分考查了考生对英文句子结构的理解和翻译的准确性。

对于考生来说，要注意避免直译、正确理解句子的上下文含义，并进行准确翻译。

3. 短文写作
专四考试的短文写作部分要求考生写一篇120-150个词的短文。

本次考题中，主题涉及到科技应用和环境保护。

考生需要明确主题，并以清晰、连贯的观点来展开论述。

写作时应注意语法和拼写错误，并尽量运用一些高级词汇和短语来提升文章的语言水平。

【结论】
通过对本次专四真题及答案解析的讨论，我们可以看出，专四考试更加注重考察学生的英语应用能力和分析能力。

在备考过程中，考生应注重对各个技能的练习，并且在紧迫感中保持良好的心态，以取得更好的成绩。

专四考试是考生英语能力的一次全面检验，只有脚踏实地的学习和努力，才能在这次考试中取得好成绩。

最后，祝愿所有参加专四考试的考生们都能取得满意的成绩！。

2018年英语专业四级考试真题及答案

2018年英语专业四级考试真题及参考答案PART III LANGUAGE USAGEThere are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four options marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence or answers the question. Mark hour answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.11. The Bent Pyramid outside Cairo __________ ancient Egypt’s first attempt to build a smooth-sided pyramid.A. has been believed to have beenB. was believed to beC. is believed to have beenD. is believed to be12. U.S. News ____________ rankings of colleges since 1983. They are a very popular resource for students looking to apply to university campus.A. maintainsB. is maintainingC. maintainedD. has been maintaining13. He was lured into a crime he would not ____________have committed.A. actuallyB. accidentallyC. otherwiseD. seldom14. She was once a young country wife with chickens in the backyard and a view of _____________ mountains behind the apple orchard.A. blue hazy VirginiaB. hazy blue VirginiaC. Virginia hazy blueD. Virginia blue hazy15. I long to alleviate __________, but I cannot.A. the evilB. evilC. evilsD. an evil16. Indeed, it is arguable that body shattering is the very point of football, as killing and maiming ______________.A. warB. are warC. of warD. are of war17. At ____________, photography is a chemical process, during which a light-sensitive material is altered when exposed to light.A. its most basicB. its basicC. the most basicD. the basic18. She hired a lawyer to investigate, only to learn that Gabriel had removed her name from the deed. The infinitive verb phrase “only to learn” is used __________.A. to express an intended purposeB. to indicate a high degree of possibilityC. to reveal an undesirable consequenceD. to dramatize a stated fact19. Which of the following italicized words DOES NOT carry the metaphorical meaning?A. I wonder what’s behind this change of plan.B. Jim turned to speak to the person standing behind him.C. This work should have been finished yesterday. I’m getting terribly behind.D. I suppose I’m lucky because my parents were behind me all the way.20. My mother was determined to help those in need and she would have been immensely proud of what has been achieved these last 20 years. The italicized part in the sentence expresses _______.A. a hypothesisB. a suggestionC. a contradictionD. a surprise21. When the police officers who took part in the King beating were first brought to ___________, their lawyers used the videotape as evidence against the prosecution.A. justiceB. testimonyC. trialD. verdict22._________, the most controversial candidate in the election campaign, he has been strongly criticized for his crude comments about women.A. QuestionablyB. ArguablyC. ContentiouslyD. Debatably23. Prices have recently risen in order to __________ the increased cost of raw materials.A. cutB. buoyC. offerD. offset24. The celebrity says in court papers she “has no __________ of giving any authorization to anyone to proceed with a divorce.”A. recommendationB. recordingC. recollectionD. recognition25.What actually __________ a good angle —or a good selfie overall —is rooted in what we consider beautiful.A. consistsB. constitutesC. composesD. constructs26. The school is going the ________ mile to create the next generation of sporting stars thanks to its unique development program.A. finalB. furtherC. supplementaryD. extra27. The teachers’ union _________ a lawsuit against the district calling for repairing “deplorable” school conditions.A. firedB. filedC. finedD. filled28. Last March the __________ of a 19th century cargo ship was found by an underwater archaeological team.A. debrisB. ruinsC. remainsD. wreck29. She’s worn his designs on __________ occasions from red carpets to movie premieres.A. countlessB. countableC. numericalD. numeral30. A leading ___________ intelligence and operations company has released its analysis of worldwide reported incidents of piracy and crime against mariners.A. oceangoingB. oceanicC. marineD. maritimePART IV CLOZEDecide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blank. The words can be used ONCE ONL Y. Mark the letter for each word on ANSWER SHEET.A Few years ago, a university professor tried a little experiment. He sent Christmas cards to a sample of perfect strangers. Although he expected some reaction, the responsehe received was amazing—holiday cards addressed to him came pouring back from the people who had never met nor heard of him. The great majority of those who returned aone of the most powerful of the weapons of influence around us—the rule forus a birthday present, we should remember his birthday with a gift of our own; if athe reciprocity rule, then, we are obligated to the future repayment of favors, gifts,things that a term like “much obliged” has become a synonym for “thank you,” not only in the English language but in others as well.The impressive aspect of the rule for reciprocation and the sense of obligation thatstudy, sociologists such as Alvin Goldener can report that there is no human society thatPART V READING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are three passages followed by ten multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE（1）The earliest settlers came to the North American continent to establish colonies that were free from the controls that existed in European societies. They wanted to escape the controls placed on their lives by kings and governments, priests and churches, noblemen and aristocrats. The historic decisions made by those first settlers have had a profound effect on the shaping of the American character. By limiting the power of the government and the churches and eliminating a formal aristocracy, they created a climate of freedom where the emphasis was on the individual. Individual freedom is probably the most basic of all the American values. By freedom, Americans mean the desire and the ability of all individuals to control their own destiny without outside interference from the government, a ruling noble class, the church, or any other organized authority.(2) There is, however, a price to be paid for this individual freedom: self-reliance. It means that Americans believe they should stand on their own feet, achieving both financial and emotional independence from their parents as early as possible, usually by age 18 or 21.(3) A second important reason why immigrants have traditionally been drawn to the United States is the belief that everyone has a equal chance to enter a race and succeed in the game. Because titles of nobility were forbidden in the Constitution, no formal class system developed in the U.S.(4) There is, however, a price to be paid for this equality of opportunity: competition. If much of life is seen as race, then a person must run the race in order to succeed; a person must compete with others. The pressures of competition in the life of an American begin in childhood and continue until retirement from work. In fact, any group of people who does not compete successfully does not fit into the mainstream of American life as well as those who do.(5) A third reason why immigrants have traditionally come to the United States is to have a better life. Because of its abundant natural resources, the United States appeared to be a “land of plenty where millions could come to seek their fortunes. The phrase “going from rags to riches”became a slogan for the American dream. Many people did achieve material success. Material wealth became a value to the American people, and it also became an accepted measure of social status.(6) Americans pay a price, however, for their material wealth: hard work. Hard work has been both necessary and rewarding for most Americans throughout their history. In some ways, material possessions are seen as evidence of people’s abilities. Barry Goldwater, a candidate for the presidency in 1964, said that most poor people are poor because they deserve to be. Most Americans would find this a harsh statement, but many might think there was some truth in it.(7) These basic values do not tell the whole story of the American character. Rather, they should be thought of as themes, as we continue to explore more facets of the American character and how it affects life in the United States.41. Para.4 seems to suggest that __________.A. Americans are born with a sense of competitionB. the pressure of competition begins when one starts workC. successful competition is essential in American societyD. competition results in equality of opportunities42. Which of the following methods does the author mainly use in explaining American values?A. ComparisonD. Cause and effectC. DefinitionD. Process analysisPASSAGE TWO(1) The Nobels are the originals, of course. Alfred Nobel,the man who invented deadly explosives, decided to try and do something good with all the money he earned, and gave prizes to people who made progress in literature, science, economics and —perhaps most importantly—peace.(2) Not all rewards are as noble as the Nobels. Even though most countries have a system of recognizing, honoring and rewarding people who have done something good in their countries, there are now hundreds of awards and award ceremonies for all kinds of things.(3)The Oscars are probably the most famous, a time for the (mostly) American film industry to tell itself how good it is and an annual opportunity for lots of big stars to give each other awards and make tearful speeches. As well as that there are also the Golden Globes, evidently for the same thing.(4) But it’s not only films---there are also Grammies, Brits, the Mercury Prize and the MTV for music. In Britain, a writer who wins the Booker Prize can expect to see their difficult, literary novel hit the bestseller lists and compete with the Da Vinci Code for popularity. The Turner Prize is an award for British contemporary artists—each year it causes controversy by apparently giving lots of money to artists who do things like displaying their beds, putting animals in glass cases or—this year —building a garden shed.(5) Awa rds don’t only exist for arts. There are now awards for Sports Personality of the Year, for European Footballer of the Year and World Footballer of the Year. This seems very strange—sometimes awards can be good to give recognition to people who deserve it, or to help people who don’t make a lot of money carry on their work without worrying about finances, but professional soccer players these days certainly aren’t short of cash!(6) Many small towns and communities all over the world also have their own award ceremonies, for local writers or artists, or just for people who have graduated from high school or, got a university degree. Even the British Council has its own awards for“Innovation in English Language Teaching”.(7) Why have all these awards and ceremonies appeared recently? Shakespeare never won a prize, nor did Leonardo Da Vinci or Adam Smith or Charles Dickens.(8) It would be possible to say, however, that in the past, scientists and artists could win“patronage”form rich people—a king or a lord would give the artists or scientists money to have them paint their palaces or help them develop new ways of making money. With the change in social systems across the world, this no longer happens. A lot of scientific research is now either funded by the state or by private companies.(9)Perhaps award ceremonies are just the most recent phase of this process.(10) However, there is more to it than that. When a film wins an Oscar, many more people will go and see it, or buy the DVD. When a writer wins the Nobel Prize, many more people buy their books. When a group wins the MTV awards, the ceremony is seen by hundreds of thousands of people across the world. The result? The group sells lots more records.(11) Most award ceremonies are now sponsored by big organizations or companies. This means that it is not only the person who wins the award who benefits---but also the sponsors. The MTV awards, for example, are great for publicizing not only music, but also MTV itself!(12) On the surface, it seems to be a“Win-win”situation, with everyone being happy, but let me ask you a question—how far do you think that publicity and marketing are winning here, and how much genuine recognition of achievement is taking place?43. What is the author’s tone when he mentions awards such as the Oscars, the Golden Globes andGrammies (Paras. 3 & 4)A. Amused.B. Appreciative.C. Sarcastic.D. Serious.44. According to Para. 4, what would happen to award winning writers?A. They would enjoy a much larger readership.B. They would turn to popular novel writing.C. They would continue non-fiction writing.D. They would try controversial forms of art.45. Which of the following statements best sums up Para. 6?A. Awards ceremonies are held for local people.B. Awards ceremonies are held on important occasions.C. Awards ceremonies are held in certain professions.D. Awards ceremonies are held for all sorts of reasons.46. According to Para. 8, one difference between scientists and artists in the past and those at presentlies in_____________.A. nature of workB. personal contactC. source of fundingD. social status47. It can be concluded from Para. 12 that the author thinks awards ________.A. promote market rather than achievementsB. do good to both market and popularityC. help those who are really talentedD. are effective in making people popularPASSAGE THREE(1) Knowing that Mrs. Mallard suffered from a heart trouble, great care was taken to break to her as gently as possible the news of her husband’s death.(2) It was her sister Josephine who told her, in broken sentences. Her husband’s friend Richards was there, too. It was he who had been in the newspaper office when news of the railroad disaster was received, with Brently Mallard’s name leading the list of “killed”. He had only taken the time to assure himself of its truth by a second telegram.(3) She wept at once, in her sister’s arms. When the storm of sadness had spent itself sh e went away to her room alone. She would have no one follow her.(4) There stood, facing the open window, a comfortable armchair. Into this she sank, pressed down by a physical exhaustion that haunted her body and seemed to reach into her soul.(5) She could see in the open square before her house the tops of trees. The delicious breath of rain was in the air. The notes of a distant song which someone was singing reached her, and countless sparrows were twittering in the eaves).(6) There were patches of blue sky showing here and there through the clouds that had met and piled above the other in the west facing her window.(7) She sat with her head thrown back upon the cushion of the chair, quite motionless, except when a sob came up into her throat and shook her, as a child who has cried itself to sleep continues to sob in its dreams.(8) She was young, with a fair, calm face, whose lines bespoke repression and evena certain strength. But now there was a dull stare in her eyes, whose gaze was fixed away off yonder on one of those patches of blue sky. It was not a glance of reflection, but rather indicated a suspension of intelligent thought.(9) There was something coming to her and she was waiting for it, fearfully. What was it? She did not know; it was too subtle and elusive to name. But she felt it, creeping out of the sky, reaching toward her through the sounds, the scents, the color that filled the air.(10) Now her bosom rose and fell tumultuously. She was beginning to recognize this thing that was approaching to possess her, and she was striving to beat it back with her will-as powerless as her two white slender hands would have been.(11) When she abandoned herself a little whispered word escaped her slightly parted lips. She said it over and over under her breath: "Free, free, free!" The vacant stare and the look of terror that had followed it went from her eyes. They stayed keen and bright. Her pulses beat fast, and the coursing blood warmed and relaxed every inch of her body.(12) She knew that she would weep again when she saw the kind, tender hands folded in death; the face that had never looked save with love upon her, fixed and gray and dead. But she saw beyond that bitter moment a long procession of years to come that would belong to her absolutely. And she opened and spread her arms out to them in welcome.(13) There would be no one to live for her during those coming years; she would live for herself. There would be no powerful will bending her in that blind persistence with which men and women believe they have a right to impose a private will upon a fellow-creature.(14) And yet she had loved him-sometimes. Often she had not. What did it matter! What could love, the unsolved mystery, count for in face of this possession of self-assertion, which she suddenly recognized as the strongest impulse of her being!(15)“Free! Body and soul free!” she kept whispering.(16) Josephine was kneeling before the closed door with her lips to the keyhole, imploring for admission. "Louise, open the door! I beg; open the door-you will make yourself ill. What are you doing, Louise? For heaven's sake open the door."(17) "Go away. I am not making myself ill." No; she was drinking in a very elixir(长生不老药) of life through that open window.(18) Her fancy was running riot along those days ahead of her. Spring days, and summer days, and all sorts of days that would be her own. She breathed a quick prayer that life might be long. It was only yesterday she had thought with a shudder that life might be long.(19) She arose at length and opened the door to her sister's importunities. There was a feverish triumph in her eyes, and she carried herself unwittingly like a goddess of Victory. She clasped her sister's waist, and together they descended the stairs. Richards stood waiting for them at the bottom.(20) Some one was opening the front door with a latchkey. It was Brently Mallard who entered, a little travel-stained, composedly carrying his gripsack and umbrella. He had been far from the scene of accident, and did not even know there had been one. He stood amazed at Josephine's piercing cry; at Richards' quick motion to screen him from the view of his wife.(21) But Richards was too late.(22) When the doctors came they said she had died of heart disease-of joy that kills.48. How did Mrs Mallard get t he news of her husband’s death?A. Her husband’s friend told her.B. She had read it from the paper.C. Her sister Josephine told her.D. Her doctor broke the news to her.49. When Mrs Mallard was alone in her room, she ___________.A. sat in an armchair all the timeB. sat with her back facing the windowC. sat and then walked around for whileD. sat in a chair and cried all the time.50. How did she feel about her love towards her husband?A. She hated her husband.B. She was indifferent now.C. She found it hard to describe.D. She had loved him all along.SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are five short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer the questions with NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE51. Of all the values mentioned in the passage, which one is regarded as the most fundamental?Individual freedom.PASSAGE TWO52. What can be inferred from the sentence “Not all awards are as noble as the Nobels.” according toPara. 2?The author doubts the significance of some awards.53. What conclusion can be drawn from Para. 5?The author thinks it unreasonable to award rich people.PASSAGE THREE54. What was Mrs Mallard’s mood when she was left alone in the room?Secret joy over the expectation of future freedom.55. The doctors said that Mrs Mallard died of heart disease —of joy that kills. What do you think isthe real cause of her death?Fright and disillusionment at the sight of her “dead” husband.PART VI WRITING(略)。

2000-2018年专四语法真题详细解析

2018年
16.Indeed, it is arguable that body shattering is the very point of football, as killing and maiming _____ . •A. war B.are war C.of war D.are of war •解析：D.are of war. 事实上，身体损害是足球的关键是可论证的，如同杀戮和残害是战争的关键。
2018年
18.She hired a lawyer to investigate, only to learn that Gabriel had removed her name from the deed. The infinitive verb phrase “only to learn”is to used_____ .
•A.to express an intended purpose
B.to indicate a high degree of possibility
•C.to reveal an undesirable consequence
•D.to dramatize a stated fact •解析：C.to reveal an undesirable consequence. 她雇了一个律师去调查，结果却发现加布里埃尔把她的名字从契约中删除了。 •考点分析，only to“不料竟会…没想到会…” 不定式表结果时,常指出人意料的结果。 •拓展句型，The headmaster hurried to the concert hall only to find the speaker gone. 校长匆匆来到音乐大厅，结果发现演讲者早已走了。
C. This work should have been finished yesterday. I’m getting terribly behind.

2018英语专四真题与参考答案

2018英语专业四级考试真题及参考答案PART m LANGUAGE USAGEThere are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four options marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence or answers the question. Mark hour answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.11.The Bent Pyramid outside Cairo __________ ancient Egypt 's first attempt to build a smooth-sidedpyramid.A.has been believed to have beenB・ was believed to beC. is believed to have beenD・ is believed to be12.U.S. News ____________ rankings of colleges since 1983 ・ They are a very popular resourcefor students looking to apply to university campus・A.maintainsB・ is maintainingC.maintainedD.has been maintaining13. He was lured into a crime he would not have committed.A.actuallyB.accidentallyC.otherwiseD・ seldom14.She was once a young country wife with chickens in the backyard and a view of _______________mountains behind the apple orchard・A.blue hazy VirginiaB.hazy blue VirginiaC.Virginia hazy blueD・ Virginia blue hazy15.I long to a lie via te _______ , but I cannot.B.evilC.evilsD.an evil16.Indeed, it is arguable that body shattering is the very point of football, as killing and maimingA.warB.are warC.of war D・ areof war17.At ____________ , photography is a chemical process, during which a light-sensitive materialis altered when exposed to light.A.its most basicB.its basicC.the most basicD.the basic18.She hired a lawyer to investigate, only to learn that Gabriel had removed her name lrom the deed. The infinitive verb phrase "only to learn ”is used __________ .A.to express an intended purposeB・ to indicate a high degree of possibilityC.to re veal an undesirable consequenceD.to dramatize a stated fact19.Which of the following italicized words DOES NOT carry the metaphorical meaning?A.I wonder what's behind this change of plan・B.Jim turned to speak to the person standing behind him.C.This work should have been finished yesterday ・ I'm getting terribly behind.D.I suppose I m lucky because my parents were behind me all the way.20.My mother was determined to help those in need and she would have been immensely proud of what has been achieved these last 20 years・ The italicized part in the sentence expresses _________ ・A.a hypothesisB.a suggestionC・ a contradictionD.a surprise21.When the police officers who took part in the King beating were first brought to____________ ，their lawyers used the videotape as evidence against the prosecution.A.justiceB.testimonyC.trialD.verdict22._______ , the most controversial candidate in the election campaign, he has been strongly criticized for his crude comments about women.A.QuestionablyB・ ArguablyC.ContentiouslyD.Debatably23.Prices have recently risen in order to ___________ the increased cost of raw materials.A.cutB.buoyC.offerD.offset24.The celebrity says in court papers she "has no ___________ of giving any authorization to anyone to proceed with a divorce・nA.recommendationB・ recordingC.recollectionD.recognition25.What actually _________ a good angle — or a good selfie overall — is rooted in what we consider beautiiul.A.consistsB.constitutesposesD.constructs26.The school is going the ________ mile to create the next generation of sporting stars thanks toits unique development program・A. finalB.iurtherC・ supplementaryD.extra27・ The teachers union a lawsuit against the district calling for repairing ""deplorable”school conditions.A.firedB.tiledC.finedD.fiUedof a 19lh century cargo ship was found by an underwater28. Last March thearchaeological team.A.debrisB.ruins C・remains D・wreck29.She's worn his designs on ___________ occasions from red carpets to movie premieres.A.countlessB.countableC・ numericalD. numeral30.A leading ___________ inte lligence and operations company has re leased its analysis of worldwide reported incidents of piracy and crime against mariners ・A.oceangoingB.oceanicC.marineD. maritimePART IV CLOZEDecide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in thecorresponding blank・ The words can be used ONCE ONL Y. Mark the letter for each word on ANSWER SHEET・A Few ye a r s ago, a university professor tried a little experiment. He sent Christmascards to a sample of perfect strangers. Although he expected some reaction, the responsehe received was amazing—holiday cards addressed to him came pouring back from the people who had never met nor heard of him. The great majority of those who re turned a card never inquked into the identity of the unknown professor. They received his holiday greeting card, and they automatically sent one in return. This study shows the action of one of the most powerful of the weapons of influence around us—the rule for reciprocation. The rule says that we should try to repay, in kind, what another person has provided us. If a woman does us a favor, we should do her one in re turn; if a man sends us a birthday present, we should remember his birthday with a gift of our own; if a couple invites us to a party, we should be sure to invite them to one of ours ・ By virtue of the reciprocity ru le, then, we are obligated to the future repayment of favors, gifts, invitations, and the like. So typical is it for indebtedness to accompany the receipt of such things that a term like “ much obliged ” has become a synonym for n thank you,，J n in the English language but in others as well.The impressive aspect of the rule for reciprocation and the sense of obligation that goes with it is its pervasiveness in human c u ltu re. It is so wide s pre a d that after intensive study, sociologists such as Alvin Goldener can report that there is no human society that does not subscribe to the rule.PART V READING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are three passages followed by ten multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE(1)The earliest s e ttle rs came to the North American continent to establish colonies that we re tree from the controls that existed in European societies. They wanted to escape the controls placed on their lives by kings and governments, priests and churches, noblemen and aristocrats. The historic decisions made by those first s e ttle rs have had a profound e fleet on the shaping of the American character. By limiting the power of the government and the churches and eliminating a formal aristocracy, they created a climate of freedom where the emphasis was on the individual. Individual freedom is probably the most basic of all the American values. By ireedom, Americans mean the desire and the ability of all individuals to control their own destiny without outside interference from the government, a ruling noble class, the church, or any other organized authority.(2)There is, ho we ver, a price to be paid for this individual freedom: self-re liance. It means that Americansbelieve they should stand on their own feet, achieving both financial and emotional independence from their parents as early as possible, usually by age 18 or 21.(3)A second important reason why immigrants have traditionally been drawn to the United States is the belief that everyone has a equal chance to enter a race and succeed in the game・ Because titles of nobility were forbidden in the Constitution, no formal class system developed in the U.S.(4)There is, howe ver, a price to be paid for this equality of opportunity: competitio n. If much of life is seen as race, then a person must run the race in order to succeed; a person must compete with others. The pressures of competition in the life of an American begin in childhood and continue until retirement from work. In fact, any group of people who does not compete successiully does not fit into the mainstream of American life as well as those who do.(5)A third reason why immigrants have traditionally come to the United States is to have a better lil^・Because of its abundant natural resources, the United States appeared to be a "land of plenty where millions could come to seek their fortunes・ The phrase "going from rags to riches nbecame a slogan for the American dream・ Many people did achieve material success・ Material wealth became a value to the American people, and it also became an accepted measure of social status ・(6)Americans pay a price, however, for their material we a 1th: hard work. Hard work has been both necessary and rewarding for most Americans throughout their history・ In some ways, material possessions are seen as evidence of people's abilities ・ Barry Goldwater, a candidate for the presidency in 1964, said that most poor people are poor because they deserve to be. Most Americans would find this a harsh statement, but many might think there was some truth in it.(7)These basic values do not tell the whole story of the American character. Rather, they should be thought of as themes, as we continue to explore more facets of the American character and how ita fleets life in the United States.41.Para.4 seems to suggest that ____________ .A.Americans are bom with a sense of competitionB.the pressure of competition begins when one starts workC・ successful competition is essential in American societyD. competition results in equality of opportunities42.Which of the following methods does the author mainly use in explaining American va lues?A. ComparisonD. Cause and efleetC.DefinitionD.Process analysisPASSAGE TWO(1)The Nobels are the originals, of course ・ Alfred Nobel, the man who invented deadly explosives, decided to try and do something good with all the money he earned, and gave prizes to people who made progress in literature, science, economics and — perhaps most importantly — peace.(2)Not all rewards are as noble as the Nobels・ Even though most countries have a system of recognizing, honoring and rewarding people who have done something good in their countries, there are now hundreds of awards and award ceremonies for all kinds of things.(3)The Oscars are probably the most famous, a time for the (mostly) American film industry to tell itself how good it is and an annual opportunity for lots of big stars to give each other awards and make tearful speeches・ As well as that there are also the Golden Globes, evidently for the same thing・(4)But it 1 s not only films-一there are also Grammies, Brits, the Mercury Prize and the MTV for music・ In Britain，a writer who wins the Booker Prize can expect to see their difficult, literary novel hit the bestseller lists and compete with the Da Vinci Code for popularity. The Turner Prize is anaward for British contemporary artists — each year it causes controversy by apparently giving lots of money to artists who do things like displaying their beds, putting animals in glass cases or — this year —building a garden shed.(5)Awards don 1 t only exist for arts. There are now awards for Sports Personality ofthe Year, forEuropean Footballer of the Year and World Footballer of the Year. This seems very strange — sometimes awards can be good to give recognition to people who deserve it, or to help people who don J t make a lot of money carry on their work without worrying about finances, but professional soccer players these days certainly aren ' t short ofcash!(6)Many small towns and communities all over the world also have their own award ceremonies, for local writers or artists, or just for people who have graduated from high school or, got a univers ity degree. Even the British Council has its own awards for u Innovation in English Language Teaching(7)Why have all these awards and ceremonies appeared recently? Shakespeare never won a prize, nor did Leonardo Da Vinci or Adam Smith or Charles Dickens.(8)It would be possible to say, ho we ver, that in the past, scientists and artists could win 'patronage form n rich people — a king or a lord would give the artists or scientists money to have them paint their palaces or help them develop new ways of making money. With the change in social systems across the world, this no longer happens・ A lot of scientific research is now either tunded by the state or by private companies・(9)Perhaps award ceremonies are just the most recent phase of this process.(10)Howe ver, there is more to it than that. When a film wins an Oscar, many more people will go and see it, or buy the DVD. When a writer wins the Nobel Prize, many more people buy then- books. When a group wins the MTV awards, the ceremony is seen by hundreds of thousands of people across the world. The result? The group sells lots more records.(11)Most award ceremonies are now sponsored by big organizations or companies・ This means that it is not only the person who wins the award who benefits■一but also the sponsors. The MTV awards, for example, are great for publicizing not only music, but also MTV itself!(12)On the surface, it seems to be a u Win-win n situation, with everyone being happy, but let me ask you a question— how far do you think that publicity and marketing are winning here, and how much genuine recognition of achievement is taking place?43.What is the author's tone when he mentions awards such as the Oscars, the Golden Globes andGrammies (Paras・ 3 &4)A. Amused・B・ Appreciative・C・ Sarcastic・D. Serious・44.According to Para. 4, what would happen to award winning writers?A. They would enjoy a much larger readership.B・ They would turn to popular novel writing.C.They would continue non-fiction writing.D.They would try controvers ial forms of art.45.Which of the following statements best sums up Para. 6?A. Awards ceremonies are held for local people・B・ Awards ceremonies are held on important occasions・C.Awards ceremonies are held in certain professions・D.Awards ceremonies are held for all sorts of reasons ・46.According to Para. 8, one difterence between scientists and artists in the past and those at presentlies in _____________ .A.nature of workB.personal contactC.source of fundingD.social status47.It can be concluded from Para・ 12 that the author thinks awards ________ ・A.promote market rather than achievementsB.do good to both market and popularityC.help those who are re a lly ta lentedD.are efiective in making people popular PASSAGE THREE(1)Knowing that Mrs・ Ma 11ard suftered from a heart trouble, great care was taken to break to heras gently as possible the news other husband ' s death・(2)It was her sister Josephine who told her, in broken sentences. Her husband ' s friend Richardswas there, too. It was he who had been in the newspaper office when news of the railroad disaster was received, with Brently Ma 11ard names leading the list of u killed He” .had only taken the time toassure himself of its truth by a second telegram.(3)She wept at once, in her sister ' s arms. When the storm of sadness had spent itself she went away to her room alone・ She would have no one follow her・(4)There stood, facing the open window, a comfortable armchair・ Into this she sank, pressed down by a physical exhaustion that haunted her body and seemed to reach into her soul.(5)She could see in the open square before her house the tops of trees ・ The delicious breath of rain was in the air. The notes of a distant song which someone was singing reached her, and countless sparrows were twittering in the eaves)・(6)There were patches of blue sky showing here and there through the clouds that had met and piled above the other in the west facing her window.(7)She sat with her head thrown back upon the cushion of the chair, quite motionless, except when a sob came up into her throat and shook her, as a child who has cried itseIf to sleep continues to sob in its dreams・(8)She was young, with a fair, calm face, whose lines bespoke repression and even a certain strength ・ But now there was a dull stare in her eyes, whose gaze was fixed away off yonder on one of those patches of blue sky. It was not a glance of reflection, but rather indicated a suspension of intelligent thought.(9)There was something coming to her and she was waiting for it, fearfully. What was it? She did not know; it was too subtle and elusive to name ・ But she felt it, creeping out of the sky, reaching toward her through the sounds, the scents, the color that filled the air.(10)Now her bosom rose and fell tumultuously. She was beginning to recognize this thing that was approaching to possess her, and she was striving to beat it back with her will-as powerless as her two white slender hands would have been.(11)When she abandoned herself a little whispered word escaped her slightly parted lips ・ She said it over and over under her breath: n Free, tree, free!M The vacant stare and the look of terror that had followed it went from her eyes. They stayed keen and bright. Her pulses beat last, and the coursing blood warmed and re la xe d every inch of her body.(12)She knew that she would weep again when she saw the kind, tender hands folded in death; the fece that had never looked save with love upon her, fixed and gray and dead. But she saw beyond that bitter moment a long procession of years to come that would belong to her absolutely・ And she opened and spread her arms out to them in welcome.(13)There would be no one to live for her during those coming years; she would live for herself. There would be no poweriul will bending her in that blind persistence with which men and women believe they have a right to impose a private will upon a fellow-creature・(14)And yet she had loved him-sometimes・ Often she had not. What did it matter! What could love, the unsolved mystery, count for in ftice of this possession of self-assertion, which she suddenly recognized as the strongest impulse of her being!(15)“Free! Body and soul free!n she kept whispering・(16)Josephine was kneeling before the closed door with her lips to the keyhole, imploring for admission.n Louise, open the door! I beg; open the door-you will make yourself ill. What arc you doing, Louise? For heaven's sake open the door.H(17)H Go away・ I am not making myself ill.n No; she was drinking in a very elixir( 长生不老药 )of life through that open window・(18)Her fancy was running riot along those days ahead other・ Spring days, and summer days, and all sorts of days that would be her own. She breathed a quick prayer that life might be long ・ It was only yesterday she had thought with a shudder that life might be long・(19)She arose at length and opened the door to her sistefs importunities・ There was a feverish triumph in her eyes, and she carried herself unwittingly like a goddess of Victor y. She clasped her sister*s waist, and together they descended the stairs・ Richards stood waiting for them at the bottom・(20)Some one was opening the front door with a latchkey・ It was Brently Ma 11ard who entered, a little trave 1-stained, composedly carrying his gripsack and umbre 11a・ He had been for from the scene of accident and did not even know there had been one ・ He stood amazed at Josephine^ piercing cry; at Richards1 quick motion to screen him from the view of his wilfe.(21)But Richards was too late.(22)When the doctors came they said she had died of heart disease-of joy that kills.48.How did Mrs Ma 11ard get t he news of her husband ' s death?A.Her husband ' s friend told her・B.She had read it from the paper・C.Her sister Josephine told her・49.When Mrs Ma 11ard was alone in her room, she __________ •A. sat in an armchair all the timeB・ sat with her back facing the windowC・ sat and then walked around for while50.How did she feel about her love towards her husband?A. She hated her husband.B・ She was indifferent now.C.She found it hard to describe.D.She had loved him all along・SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are five short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer the questions with NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE51.Of all the values mentioned in the passage, which one is regarded as the most tundamental?Individual freedom・PASSAGE TWO52.What can be inferred from the sentence “Not all awards are as noble as the Nobels. ” according to Para. 2?The author doubts the significance of some awards ・53.What conclusion can be drawn from Para. 5?The author thinks it unreasonable to award rich people.PASSAGE THREE54.What was Mrs Ma 11ard ' s mood when she was left alone in the room?Secret joy over the expectation of tuture freedom・55.The doctors said that Mrs Ma 11a rd died of heart disease — of joy that kills. What do you think is the real causeof her death?Fright and disillusionment at the sight of her “dead" husband ・PART VI WRITING（略）。

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专四18年真题及答案解析
专四考试是一项重要的英语水平测试，对于想要研究生学位或海外留学的学生来说，取得良好的成绩是至关重要的。

而了解往年的真题及其答案解析，可以帮助考生更好地了解考试的要求，提高复习的针对性和效果。

本文将对2018年的专四真题进行解析和探讨。

第一部分：听力理解
专四的听力理解部分共有4篇短文，每篇短文后有5个问题。

这一部分主要考察学生对于听力材料的理解能力和信息筛选能力，同时也对学生的英语听力水平进行测试。

以下是2018年专四听力部分的一则短文：
The Meaning of Dreams
Dreams have always fascinated people. But throughout history, many people have disagreed about what dreams really mean.
Some people believe that our dreams simply reflect our thoughts and feelings during the day. These people think that when we dream, our brains try to make sense out of all the information we receive. So if you are worried about something during the day, you may dream about it at night.
On the other hand, some people believe that our dreams have a deeper meaning. They believe that our dreams may
reveal our hidden fears or desires. They think that even the strangest dreams can give us clues about who we really are.
Finally, some people believe that dreams are just a way for our brains to relax. They think that when we are awake,
our brains are very busy processing information. So when we sleep, our brains create dream images to help us unwind and relax.
根据上面短文，以下是相关的问题及答案解析：
1. What do some people believe dreams reflect?
Some people believe that dreams reflect our thoughts and feelings during the day. According to them, our dreams are
our brain's way of making sense of the information we receive.
2. What do other people believe dreams reveal?
Other people believe that dreams may reveal our hidden fears or desires. According to them, even the strangest
dreams can provide clues to our true selves.
3. According to some people, what is the function of dreams?
Some people think that dreams are a way for our brains
to relax. They believe that when we sleep, our brains create dream images to help us unwind and relax.
通过这一部分的解析和讨论，考生可以了解到专四听力理解部分
的形式和要求。

在备考过程中，建议考生多做听力练习，提高英语听力能力和对于听力材料的理解能力。

第二部分：阅读理解
专四的阅读理解部分共有4篇阅读材料，每篇阅读后有5个问题。

这一部分主要考察学生对于英语文章的阅读理解和信息提取能力，以及词汇和句法的理解能力。

以下是2018年专四阅读部分的一则文章：
How to Stay Motivated to Achieve Your Goals
Having goals is important, but often we find it
difficult to stay motivated and keep working towards them. Here are some tips to help you stay motivated and achieve your goals:
1. Set realistic goals: It is important to set goals that are achievable and within your reach. Setting
unrealistic goals will only lead to disappointment and demotivation.
2. Break it down: Break your goals down into smaller, manageable tasks. This will help you stay focused and motivated, as you can track your progress more easily.
3. Reward yourself: When you achieve one of your goals or complete a task, reward yourself. This can be something as simple as enjoying a nice meal or treating yourself to a movie.
4. Find support: Surround yourself with people who support and encourage you. Having a support system can
greatly increase your motivation and help you stay on track.
5. Visualize success: Imagine yourself achieving your goals and how it will feel. Visualizing success can be a powerful motivator and help you overcome obstacles along the way.
根据上面文章，以下是相关的问题及答案解析：
1. Why is it important to set realistic goals?
It is important to set realistic goals because setting unrealistic goals can lead to disappointment and demotivation. In order to stay motivated, it is essential to set goals that are achievable and within your reach.
2. How can breaking your goals down into smaller tasks help you stay motivated?
Breaking your goals down into smaller tasks can help you stay motivated because it allows you to track your progress more easily. When you can see that you are making progress,
it can be a great motivator to keep working towards your goals.
3. What is the benefit of having a support system?
Having a support system can greatly increase your
motivation and help you stay on track. When you have people who support and encourage you, it can provide the extra motivation and reassurance you need to keep working towards your goals.
通过这一部分的解析和讨论，考生可以了解到专四阅读理解部分的形式和要求。

在备考过程中，建议考生多做阅读理解练习，提高英语阅读理解和信息提取能力。

最后，希望考生们通过对2018年专四真题的解析和讨论，能够更好地了解专四考试的要求，提高备考的针对性和效果。

祝愿所有考生取得优异的成绩，并实现自己的留学或升学目标！。