广东工业大学材料成型及控制工程专业英语-PPT总结
材料成型与控制工程焊接专业课件
材料成型与控制工程定 义
定义
目的
通过材料成型与控制工程的研究和实 践，实现材料的优化加工和处理，提 高材料性能，满足各种工程应用的需求。
材料成型与控制工程的重要性
工业基础
创新驱动
材料成型与控制工程的发展历程
焊接的定义与分类
焊接定义 焊接分类
焊接的原理与特点
焊接原理
焊接特点
焊接技术的发展趋势
01
02
03
高效化
自动化与智能化
环保化
金属材料的成型工 艺
铸造工艺
锻造工艺
焊接工艺
非金属材料的成型工 艺
塑料成型工艺
陶瓷成型工艺 玻璃成型工艺
焊接工艺的选择与应用
手工电弧焊Leabharlann 气体保护焊激光焊接
超声波焊接
焊接材料的选择与使用
焊接材料的选择
根据母材的化学成分、力学性能和焊接性能，选择合适的焊接材料，如焊丝、焊 条、焊剂等。
焊接材料的使用
了解焊接材料的成分、规格、使用条件和注意事项，确保焊接过程中的安全性和 可靠性。
焊接设备的分类与特点
焊接设备的分类 焊接设备的特点
焊接设备的维护与保养
焊接设备的日常维护
焊接质量的检测技术
外观检测
01
无损检测
02
力学性能试验
03
焊接作业的安全防护措施
焊接工人的个人防护
1
焊接设备的维护与检查
2
焊接作业场所的安全管理
3
焊接作业的环保要求与治理
减少有害气体排放 控制噪声污染 废弃物的处理与回收
材料成型及控制工程——广东工业大学
材料成型及控制工程（材料加工控制及信息化方向）培养目标：培养具备材料加工基本原理、计算机控制及信息学科的知识和技能，掌握材料加工成形过程的自动化与人工智能、专家信息系统的建立与开发、机械零件及工模具的计算机辅助设计与制造、新材料制备与加工、先进成形加工技术与设备、材料组织与性能的分析及控制等专业知识，能够从事材料加工、计算机和信息技术应用领域的产品和技术开发、设计制造、质量控制、经营管理等方面的高级工程技术人才。
主要课程：材料科学基础、材料成型原理、材料组织与性能控制原理、先进材料加工技术、现代材料表面工程学、计算机辅助设计与制造、模具CAD/CAM、计算机数值模拟技术、控制工程基础、数控原理与编程、检测技术与控制工程基础、计算机网络与专家信息系统在材料加工中的应用、材料加工企业管理及计算机信息系统、材料加工品质分析与控制、材料微观分析及计算机图像处理。
就业方向：可在电子信息产品制造业、机械制造行业、汽车制造业等领域从事各种材料加工与制备、计算机和信息技术应用于材料加工工艺与控制、工模具的计算机辅助设计与制造、技术与产品研发、质量控制、经营管理、商品检验及技术监督等方面的工作，亦可在教育科研、商业贸易和专业咨询等部门广泛就业。
该专业为广东省名牌专业21世纪的材料成形加工技术摘要：论述了材料成形加工技术的作用及地位，介绍了快速产品与工艺开发系统、新一代制造工艺与装备、模拟与仿真3项关键先进制造技术，指出轻量化、精确化、高效化将是未来材料成形加工技术的重要发展方向。
关键词：先进制造技术材料成形加工精确成形加工模拟仿真并行工程绿色制造1 材料成形加工技术的作用及地位中国已是制造大国，仅次于美、日、德，居世界第4位。
中国虽是制造大国，但与工业发达国家相比，仍有很大差距，表现在：（1) 制造业的劳动生产率低，不到美国的5%；（2）技术含量低，以CAD为例，仍停留在绘图功能上；（3）重要关键产品基本上没有自主创新开发能力。
材料成型与控制工程专业介绍（Ma...
材料成型与控制工程专业介绍（Material forming and ControlEngineering Introduction）Material forming and control engineering introduction of material forming and Control Engineering (molding and mold CAD/CAM direction) objective: to cultivate a metal and plastic products, technology and mould knowledge, can use computer technology to product, process and mold design, the use of CNC machining technology for mould manufacturing. Senior engineering and technical personnel engaged in product and mold test, production management, sales and other aspects of the. Main courses: metal forming technology and mold, plastic molding process and mold design, decoration and plastic products, mold materials and heat treatment, mold manufacturing, CNC machining technology, product design, mold computer aided design (CAD), mold computer aided manufacturing (CAM), computer aided analysis of molding process, molding (CAE) equipment and computer control, innovative design, mold, mold production management and marketing. Employment direction: Computer Aided Design in metal mold and plastic products, technology and related materials processing engineering in various industries, computer aided manufacturing, NC machining, test development, quality inspection analysis, management of marketing, education and scientific research work. Material forming and Control Engineering (material processing and control information) objective: to cultivate the basic principle of material processing, computer control and information science knowledge and skills, master the material forming process automation and artificial intelligence, expert information system establishment and development, mechanical parts and tooling, computer aided design and manufacturing thepreparation of new materials and processing, advanced forming technology and equipment, material organization and the performance analysis and control of professional knowledge, to senior engineering and technical personnel engaged in material processing, computer and information technology application in the field of product and technology development, design and manufacturing, quality control, management and other aspects. Main courses: Fundamentals of materials science, material forming principle, material structure and properties of computer numerical control principle, advanced materials processing technology, surface engineering, modern materials aided design and manufacturing, mold CAD/CAM, computer simulation technology, control engineering and numerical control principle and programming, testing technology and control engineering and computer network and expert information the application, in material processing and material processing enterprise computer management information system, material processing quality analysis and control, micro analysis and computer image processing. Employment direction: in the electronic information products manufacturing industry, machinery manufacturing industry, automobile manufacturing and other fields in a variety of materials processing and preparation, application of computer and information technology and material processing technology and tooling control, computer aided design and manufacturing, technology and product development, quality control, management, inspection of goods and technology supervision and other aspects of the work, but also can be widely employed in education and scientific research, commercial trade and professional consulting department. Length of schooling: 4 years. Degree conferred: Bachelor of engineering. College:mechanical and electrical engineering institute. Similar specialty: mechanical design, manufacture and automation. Material forming and control engineering what is [1]? Studies of material forming and control engineering change materials by thermal processing, microstructure and macroscopic properties of surface shape, influence of process factors on thermal processing of materials, solve the forming process of development, the theory and method of optimization of molding equipment, design theory; and the method of mold, mold manufacturing research in materials, heat treatment, machining method etc.. This discipline is the pillar industry of national economic development. Objective: to cultivate the theory basic, materials science and engineering materials processing and control engineering, mold design and manufacturing expertise of the professional, in machinery, tooling, materials processing in the field of scientific research, development, application process and equipment design, production and management work of the senior engineering technology personnel and management personnel.The professional training is divided into three modules: (a) welding and control training can adapt to the needs of society, to master the basic theory of metal material, welding welding, welding test, welding method and welding equipment, production management and other comprehensive knowledge of senior technical personnel. (two) mold design and manufacture of plastic molding materials: master the basic theory, mold design and mold manufacturing, computer aided design, plastic processing production management of the overall knowledge of senior technical personnel. On the basis of learning courses: higher mathematics, College English, college physics, computertechnology and other basic courses based on the professional learning of engineering mechanics, mechanical design, metal material science principle and performance analysis and testing technology, materials science, engineering, material science, surface engineering, welding metallurgy, metal welding, welding materials with the method of welding equipment, welding test, welding structure, failure analysis and quality control of plastic forming theory, forming rubber material, plastic mold, metal stamping process and mold design, mold base CAD/CAM, mold manufacturing technology and professional knowledge and professional course of heat treatment. In addition to strengthening the specialized basic courses, the major will increase the proportion of specialized elective courses and experimental courses, so that students can have a solid and broad professional theoretical knowledge and strong professional skills. Training features: mechanics and materials science are the national key disciplines, the professional knowledge involves a wide, large amount of information, focusing on English skills, computer skills and practical ability training, so that students have a strong ability to adapt, innovation ability, the ability to analyze and solve problems. In addition, we should pay attention to the quality education of students, and cultivate high-quality talents with innovative spirit. Employment whereabouts: this major has the right to confer Bachelor of engineering, master of engineering and doctorate in engineering, and students may choose to pursue further studies. Students after graduation to the machinery manufacturing industry, automobile and ship manufacturing, metal and rubber processing industry in the fields of material and welding material molding, mold design and manufacturing and other related production process control,technology development, scientific research, management, marketing and other aspects of the work of trade. The profession has a wide range of job choices, a large market demand, and a good employment situation. (three): control of casting and casting can be metal melting in compliance with the requirements of the certain liquid and poured into the mold, the cooling solidification, cleaning after processing a predetermined shape, size and performance of the casting process. Casting blank is almost forming, which achieves the goal of free machining or less processing, reduces cost and reduces time to a certain extent. Casting is one of the basic processes of modern manufacturing industry. There are many kinds of casting. According to the molding method, they are divided into: general sand casting, including wet sand mold, dry sand mold and chemical hardening sand mold 3 kinds. The special casting, special casting press molding materials can be divided into natural mineral sand as the main materials (such as casting, mud casting, casting, vacuum casting, shell mould casting workshop, mold casting, ceramic mold casting etc.) special casting and metal as the main materials (such as metal mold type casting, pressure casting, continuous casting, low pressure casting, centrifugal casting, etc.) two. The casting process usually includes: cast (liquid metal castings become a container solid preparation, mold) according to the material used can be divided into sand, metal, ceramic, clay, graphite, according to the frequency of use can be divided into single type, semi permanent and permanent mold, mold preparation is the main factors affecting the quality of castings; casting the melting and casting of metals, metal (alloy) main cast iron, cast steel and cast nonferrous alloy castings; the processing and inspection, casting processing cores and casting surfaceincluding the removal of foreign body, resection of sprue, grinding burrs and fash protrusions and heat treatment plastic, anti rust and rough machining etc.. The casting process can be divided into three basic parts, namely, casting metal preparation, casting preparation and casting processing.Casting metal refers to casting pouring casting metal material used in the production, it is a kind of metal elements as the main ingredient, and adding other metal or nonmetal elements and the composition of the alloy, traditionally known as the main cast alloy, cast iron, cast steel and cast nonferrous alloys. Industry trends: the trend of foundry product development is to require castings to have better overall performance, higher accuracy, less margin and smoother surface. In addition, the demand for energy conservation and the community's call for the restoration of the natural environment are also increasing. To meet these requirements, the new casting alloys will be developed, and new smelting processes and equipment will be developed accordingly. With the continuous improvement of the mechanization and automation of foundry production, more flexible production will be developed, so as to expand the adaptability to different batches and varieties. New technologies to conserve energy and raw materials will be given priority, and new technologies and equipment that produce less or no pollution will be the first priority. Quality control technology will have new developments in the detection of various processes and nondestructive testing, stress measurement. The development of foundry industry, casting is one of the basic processes of modern machine building industry. Therefore, the development of foundry industry symbolizes the productive power of acountry. China has become one of the world's largest foundry machinery, and has made great achievements in the foundry machinery manufacturing industry in recent years. Material forming and Control Engineering (steel rolling direction) training objective: to train high-quality skilled personnel in the fields of material forming, production, management, design and service. Main courses: mechanical design, mechanical drawing, material production and the design of pass, plate and strip production, wire production, hydraulic transmission, electrical and electronics, mechanical design, and the heat treatment of metals, materials forming principle, theoretical mechanics, mechanics of materials, technology and equipment, material forming PLC programming and control, material processing CAD/CAM, etc.. Main jobs: material forming process design and related equipment maintenance, debugging, material molding, production, organization and management, related products sales. It can be widely employed in automobile manufacturing, mould, shipbuilding, forging, casting and other mechanical industries.。
材料成型及控制工程专业介绍
塑料发泡成 型工艺
塑料挤出成 型工艺
模具专业综 合实验
模具 CAD 实 训
军训
电工与电子 技术实训 A
电工与电子 技术实验 A
单片机原理 及接口技术
单片机原理 及接口技术
综合实验
优化设计方 法
冲压过程机 械化与自动
化 冲压工艺及 模具设计课
程设计
模具 CAM 实 训
材料表面工 程
市场营销学
塑料成型工 艺及模具设 计课程设计
培养模式：立足支撑广东产业发展需要和满足国际化工程教育认证要求为出发点，以模 具为主线构建机械与材料学科知识相融合的课程体系，以提高学生的创新能力和工程实 践能力为目标。借助于雄厚的师资力量，完善专业实验室和先进的仪器设备,在校外建 立国家级工程实践教育中心、大学生实践教育基地、产学研基地等实习实训基地，采用 “3+1”、“3.5+0.5”等多样化人才培养模式，培养创新能力强的应用型高级工程技术 人才。成绩优良学生可攻读工商管理、计算机和法学等双学位；成绩优异学生，可免试 推荐攻读硕士研究生。
（1）
画法几何与 大学物理实
机械制图（1） 验 A（1）
计算机文化 基础
画法几何与 机械制图 （2）
体育（1） 体育（2）
专业导论 理论力学 B
军事理论
马克思主义 基本原理
大学英语 （3）
大学物理 A （2）
大学物理实 验 A（2）
体育（3） 机械设计基 础 A（1）
材料力学 B
工程训练 A
毛泽东思 想、邓小平 理论和“三 个代表”重 要思想概论
○5 高分子材料工程和金属材料工程跟材料成型及控制工程专业学的东西不
会差太多，就业面也是比较相近。不过传闻高分子专业偏向塑料模具方面，金材 专业偏向金属材料方面，这点你们最好找相应的师兄聊聊。
材料成型及控制工程专业的专业英语翻译
polystyrene (PS) 聚苯乙烯；poly-tetra-fluoro-ethylene （PTFE）聚四氟乙烯；vacuum forming吸塑；ram injection moulding machine柱塞式注射成型机；计算机辅助设计computer aided design；热塑性塑料thermoplastics；ram injection moulding machines；模具维持费用；聚合物分子的几何形状the geometrical form of polymer molecule；模具设计die design；注射成型机injection moulding；热处理heart treatment；抗拉强度tensile serength；对焊buttwelding；自由锻open die forging；粉末冶金powder metalurgy；注射模塑injection molding；线状聚合物linear polymer；球化spheroidzing；正火normalizing；回火tempering；临界温度critical temperature。
1. The time has probably come to adapt a new name more worthy of the exciting range of polymer materials with many different properties which are available to engineers.目前塑料定义已可能迎来新的术语，以阐述具有不同属性可用于工程领域的聚合物材料。
2.It should be noticed that compression moulding would be impracticable for thermoplastics which have no curing stage during which a chemical reaction take place; because the mould would require cooling each cycle in order to allow the component to harden sufficiently for extraction. 需要指出的是，热塑性塑料压缩成型是不可行的。
材料成形及控制工程-专业英语阅读
CHAPTER I MA TERIALS AND THEIR PROPERTIES1. 1 Metals and Non-metalsAmong numerous properties possessed by materials, their mechanical properties, in the majority of cases, are the most essential and therefore, they will be given much consideration in the book. All critical parts and elements, of which a high reliability is required, are made of metals, rather than of glass, plastics or stone. As has been given in Sec 1-l, metals are characterized by the metallic bond; where positive ions occupy the sites of the crystal lattice and are surrounded by electron gas .All non-metals have an ionic or a covalent bond. These types of bond are rigid and are due to electrostatic attraction of two ions of unlike charges. Because of the metallic bond, metals are capable of plastic deformation and self-strengthening upon plastic deformation. Therefore, if there is a defect in a material or if the shape of an element is such that there are stress concentrators, the stresses in these points may attain a great value and even cause cracking. But since the plasticity of the material is high, the metal is deformed plastically in that point, say, at the tip of a crack, undergoes strengthening, and the process of fracture comes to an arrest. This does not occur in non-metals. They are uncapable of plastic deformation and self-strengthening; therefore, fracture will occur as soon as the stresses at the tip of a defect exceed a definite value. These facts explain why metals are reliable structural materials and can not be excelled by non-metallic materials.Words and Terms:mechanical property 机械（力学）性能 critical part and element 关键零部件 covalent bond 共价键 metalic bond crystal lattice 金属键晶格 electrostatic attraction 静电吸引plastic deformation 塑性变形 self-strengthening 自强化 stress oncentrator 应力集中点 the tip of a crack 裂纹尖端Questions: 1) What are the differences in properties between metals and non-metals?2) Why are metals capable of plastic deformation and self-strengthening?1. 2 Ferrous AlloysMore than 90 % by weight of the metallic materials used by human beings are ferrous alloys. This represents an immense family of engineering materials with a wide range of microstructures and related properties. The majority of engineering designs that require structural load support or power transmission involve ferrous alloys. As a practical matter, these alloys fall into two broad categories based on the carbon in the alloy composition. Steel generally contains between 0. 05 and 2.0 wt % carbon. The cast irons generally contain between 2.0 and 4.5 wt % carbon. Within the steel category， we shall distinguish whether or not a significant amount of alloying elements other than carbon is used . A composition of 5 wt % total non-carbon additions will serve as an arbitrary boundary between low alloy and high alloy steels. These alloy additions are chosen carefully because they invariably bring with them sharply increased materials costs. They are justified only by essential improvements in properties such as higher strength or improved corrosion resistance.Words and Terms:ferrous 铁的；含铁的 corrosion resistance 耐腐蚀；抗蚀力 arbitrary 特定的；武断的 Questions:l) What is the difference in composition between steel and cast iron?2) How can you distinguish low alloy steels from high alloy steels?CHAPTER 2 HEAT TREATMENT OF STEEL2. 1 Principle of Heat Treatment of SteelThe role of heat treatment in modern mechanical engineering cannot be overestimated. The changes in the properties of metals due to heat treatment are of extremely great significance.2. 1. 1 Temperature and TimeThe purpose of any heat treating process is to produce the desired changes in the structure of metal by heating to a specified temperature and by subsequent cooling. Therefore , the main factors acting in heat treatment are temperature and time , so that any process of heat treatment can be represented in temperature-time ( t-τ) coordinates .Heat treatment conditions are characterized by the following parameters: heating temperature t max, i.e. the maximum temperature to which an alloy metal is heated; time of holding at the heating temperatureτh; heating rate νh and cooling rate νc．If heating (or cooling) is made at a constant rate, the temperature-time relationship will be described by a straight line with a respective angle of incline.With a varing heating (or cooling) rate , the actual rate should be attributed to the given temperature , more strictly , to an infinite change of temperature and time : that is the first derivative of temperature in time : νact = dt/dτ. Heat treatment may be a complex process , including multiple heating stages , interrupted or stepwise heating (cooling) , cooling to subzero temperatures , etc . Any process of heat treatment can be described by a diagram in temperature-time coordinates.Words and Terms:coordinates 坐标系 heating rate 加热速度 straight line 直线 heating temperature 加热温度 cooling rate 冷却速度 first derivative 一阶导数Questions:1) What are the two main factors acting in heat treatment?2) How many stages may usually be included in the heat treatment of steel?2. 1. 2 Formation of AusteniteThe transformation of pearlite into austenite can only take place at the equilibrium critical point on a very slow heating as follows from the Fe-C constitutional diagram. Under common conditions, the transformation is retarded and results in overheating, i.e. occurs at temperatures slightly higher than those indicated in the Fe-C diagram.When overheated above the critical point, pearlite transforms into austenite, the rate of transformation being dependent on the degree of overheating.The time of transformation at various temperatures (depending on the degree of overheating) shows that the transformation takes place faster (in a shorter time) at a higher temperature and occurs at a higher temperature on a quicker heating. For instance , on quick heating and holding at 780 ℃， the pearlite to austenite transformation is completed in 2 minutes and on holding at 740 ℃， in 8 minutes . The end of the transformation is characterized by the formation of austenite and the disappearance of pearlite (ferrite + cementite). This austenite is however inhomogeneous even in the volume of a single grain. In places earlier occupied by lamellae (or grains) of a pearlitic cementite , the content of carbon is greater than in places of ferritic lamellae . This is why the austenite just formed is inhomogeneous .In order to obtain homogeneous austenite , it is essential on heating not only to pass through the point of the end of pearlite to austenite transformation , but also to overheat the steel above that point and to allow a holding time to complete the diffusion processes in austenitc grains.The rate of homogenization of austenite appreciably depends on the original structure of the steel, in particular on the dispersion and particle shape of cementite. The transformations described occur more quickly when cementite particles are fine and, c therefore, have a large total surface area.Words and Terms : pearlite 珠光体 constitutional diagrm 状态图 inhomogeneous 不均匀的 lamellae 层片 critical point 临界温度 overheat 过热 grain 晶粒 diffuse 扩散Questions:1) Is there no diffusion process in the transformation from pearlite to austenite?2) Is it true that the higher the temperature, the faster the transformation from pearlite into austenite?3) How to obtain homogeneous austenite?CHAPTER 3 PRINCIPLES OF PLASTIC FORMING3. 1 Physical Metallurgy of Hot WorkingThe principles of the physical metallurgy of hot working are now well recognized. During the deformation process itself, e.g. a rolling pass, work hardening takes place but is balanced by the dynamic softening processes of recovery and recrystallization. These processes, which are thermally activated, lead to a flow stress that depends on strain rate and temperature as well as on strain. The structural changes taking place within the material result in an increase in dislocation density with strain until in austenitic steels and nickel- and copper-base alloys a critical strain （εc） is reached when the stored energy is sufficiently high to cause dynamic recrystallization . With further strain, dynamic recrystallization takes place repeatedly as the new recrystallized grains are themselves work-hardened to the critical level of stored energy. These dynamic structural changes leave the metal in an unstable state and provide the driving force for static recovery and static recrystallization to take place after the deformation pass. Static recrystallization may be followed by grain growth if the temperature is sufficiently high. In order to be able to apply these principles to commercial working processes, we require answers to two main questions: (a) how long does recrystallization take place after a deformation pass; and (b) what grain size is produced by recrystallization and grain growth? The answers determine the structure of the material entering the next and subsequent passes and hence influence the flow stress of the material and the working forces required. Eventually they determine the structure and properties of the hot worked products. Words and Terms : physical metallurgy 物理冶金 work hardening 加工硬化static recovery静态回复 thermally activated 热激活的 hot working 热加工 dynamic softening 动态软化recrystallization 再结晶dislocation density 位错密度critical strain 临界应变Questions:l) When does dynamic recrystallization take place within the material work hardened?2) What do the answers to the two questions determine?3. 1. 1 Dynamic Structural ChangeDuring the deformation of austenite at hot-working temperatures and constant strain rate, the characteristic form of stress-strain curve observed is illustrated in Fig. 3. 1. These curves are for low-alloy steels, tested in torsion, but are similar to those obtained for other steels in the austenitic condition tested in torsion, tension, or compression. After initial rapid work- hardening the curves go through a maximum associated with the occurrence of dynamic recrystallization. The peak in flow stress occurs after some low fraction of recrystallization has taken place so the strain to the peak(εp) is always greater than the critical strain for dynamic recystallization (εc) . The relationship between the two strains is complex , but it has been suggested thatεc＝αεp ( where αis a constant ) is a reasonable approximation for conditions of deformation of interest in hot working. however , the proposed values of α differ , being 0.83 , 0.86 , and 0.67 . It can be seen from Fig.3.1 that εp increases systematically with Zener-Hollomon parameter ( Z ) , independent of the particular combination of stain rate （ε） and temperature ( T / K ) in the relationship : Z=εexp Q def/RTWhere the activation energy Q def for this alloy steel is 314 kJ/mol. A similar value of 312kJ/mol is appropriate for a range of C-Mn steels but lower values of 270 and 286 kJ/mol have also been observed.Asεc marks a change in microstructure from one of somewhat poorly developed subgrains , produced by the action of work hardening and dynamic recovery， to one which also contains recrystallization nuclei , it is also a critical strain in terms of the static structural changes that take place after deformation . The dependence of εp， and hence of εc， on Z is shown for the low-alloy steel and a number of C-Mn steels in Fig. 3.2. It can be seen that, indicated by the Fig. 3.2 ，εp generally increases with increasing Z although the curve for the data of Sakui et al. passes through a minimum at Z = 3 x 10s-1， ( corrected to Q def = 312 kcal / mol ) . The curves for the data of Nakamura and Ueki, Cook, Rossard and Blain, and Hughes, and also the data of Suzuki et al. for a number of C-Mn steels were obtained from tests on material reheated to the same temperature as the testing temperature.These all show a trend for higher values of εp at higher testing temperatures.In contrast, the curves for the data of Le Bon et al. , Barraclough , and Morrision refer to tests carried out at lower temperature than the reheating temperature and these show no effect of test temperature 0n εp.In the former group of results, higher reheating/test temperatures will give larger initial grain sizes. As shown by Sah et al., Sakui et al., and Roberts et al. , increase in grain size ( d0） leads to an increase inεp and their data indicate a relationship of the form εp∝ d0^ 1/2 Words and TermsStress-strain curve 应力应变曲线 torsion 扭转;转矩activation energy 激活能 initial grain size 原始晶粒尺寸Questions:l ) What doεc andεp mark ?2 ) What is the relationship between εc andεp ?3. 1. 2 Static Recrystallization RateAfter deformation, softening by static recovery and recrystallization take place with time at rates which depend on the prior deformation conditions and the holding temperature. These processes may be followed by studying the changes in yield or flow stress during a second deformation given after different holding times to obtain a restoration index, or recrystallization may be measured directly by metallographic examination of quenched specimens. An example of the form of recrystallization curves obtained by the latter method for low-alloy steel is shown inFig 3.3. The curves generally follow an Avrami equation of the formwhere X v is the fraction recrystallized in time t ; t F is the time for some specified fraction of recrystallization ( say 0.5 ) ; k is a constant ; and C＝-In ( 1－F ) . For the Curves shown k = 2 , which is consistent with the value observed for other steels deformed to strains <εc． With this relationship t0.05＝ 0 . 27t0.5 and t0.95 = 2.08 t0.5 , i.e. recrystallization proceeds over about one order of magnitude in time.The dependence on strain of the characteristic time t0.5, measured by either metallographic or restoration method, is shown for several steels in Fig. 3.4. All the curves show a steep dependence on strain for strains up to ~0. 8εp， which fits a relationship t0.5∝ε-m , where the mean value of m = 4 . This value is also given by observations on ferritic metals. The lower limit of strain to which this relationship is applicable is uncertain as the critical strain for static recrystallization has not received systematic study. The data of Norrison indicate that it is < 0.05 for low-carbon steel at 950℃ whereas the observations of Djaic and Jonas indicate a value of > 0.055 for high-carbon steel at 780 ℃． It is clear whether this difference arises from the difference in temperature or composition as the simple dependence on Z suggested by the broken line in Fig. 3.2 may be unrealistic. This deserves further study as low strains my be applied in the final passes of plate rolling and , as shown previously , these could have significant effects on the final grain size if they exceed the critical strain for static recrystallization.In the strain range of steep dependence of t0.5 on ε， Morrison observed that there was no effect of strain rate over the two orders of magnitude studied . This is somewhat surprising as interesting strain rate (or Z) increases the flow stress at any particular strain. Increasing flow stress would be expected to increase the random dislocation density and decrease the subgrain size and hence increase the stored energy． The subgrain boundaries provide the largest contribution to the stored energy and as their misorientation increases with strain, the driving force for recrystallization will increase. However, this increase would be expected to be about linear with strain so the much greater dependence of t0.5 on strain must also arise from an increase in density of nucleation sites and in nucleation rate. The lack of influence of strain rate may thus reflect compensating effects on stored energy and substructure development at any strain. This contrasts with the strain rate effect observed for stainless steel.The observations of Djaic and Jonas indicate that an abrupt change takes place from strain dependence to independence at a strain ~0.8εp， as illustrated in Fig .3. 4. This corresponds reasonably with the strain expected forεc and arises because preexisting recrystallization nuclei are always present in the deformed structure at strains greater thanεc． Static recrystallization under these conditions has been referred to as ’metadynamic’to distinguish it from the 'classical ' recrystallization after lower strains when the nuclei must be formedafter deformation . The restoration measurements indicate that the recrystallization kinetics may have a complex form after strains betweenεc and the onset of steady state , and direct metallographic observations of static recrystallization after stains well into steady state show that the exponent k in the Avrami equation drops to a value of ~1 . This means that t0.05 = 0.074 t0.5 and t0.95 = 4.33 t0..5, i. e. static recrystallization proceeds over about two orders of magnitude in time after strains which give dynamically recrystallized structures during deformation 。
材料成型及控制工程大学生的英文自我介绍文档
材料成型及控制工程大学生的英文自我介绍文档English self introduction document for college students of material forming and control engineering材料成型及控制工程大学生的英文自我介绍文档前言：个人简历是求职者给招聘单位发的一份简要介绍，包括个人的基本信息、过往实习工作经验以及求职目标对应聘工作的简要理解，在编写简历时，要强调工作目标和重点，语言精简，避免可能会使你被淘汰的不相关信息。
写出一份出色的个人简历不光是对找工作很有用处，更是让陌生人对本人第一步了解和拉进关系的线。
本文档根据个人简历内容要求和特点展开说明，具有实践指导意义，便于学习和使用，本文下载后内容可随意调整修改及打印。
下面就来给大家分享这一份非常精彩的自我介绍范文：morning/afternoon ,every one .my name is*** ，and i will graduate from****university in the year ***，my major is material forming and control engineering.it’s my great pleasure to have this opportunityto improve our mutual understanding. during the three –year college study， i tried my best to learn all kinds of knowledge， and weigh the hard work of my teachers and myself; i have mastered****， ****，***and *****.moreover， i have a good command of ******and the basic theory，***** of material forming and control engineering. meanwhile， in order to enlarge my knowledge， i always read some ***sand****aboutmaterial forming and control engineering，and i used to do some representative of business in my spare time. at the same time， i learnt computerskills during my summer vacation，and now i’m familiar with office XX. it is my three –year college life that makes me form my life attitude. also my three-year college life that makes me rich in knowledge，and it’s also my three-year college life that makes me form my life attitude.as a college graduate，i believe “where thereis a will，there is a way”， and i will try my best to do a good job in my business. so i sincerely hope that i can make a position in your company so that i can serve for the company.-------- Designed By JinTai College ---------。
《材料成型过程控制》课件
总结与讨论
对课程内容进行总结，展望材料成型过程控制的发展前景，鼓励学员进行深 入研究和探索。
速度管理
控制成型过程中的速度和加速度，以避免材料 流动过快或过慢导致的问题。
材料成型过程控制的应用
塑料注塑成型
介绍塑料注塑成型的流程和应用 领域，如家电、汽车、电子等行 业。
压铸成型
挤压成型
讨论压铸成型的特点及相关案例， 如铝合金零件和汽车发动机零件 的生产。
解释挤压成型的原理和步骤，以 及在塑料制品和金属材料加工中 的应用。
《材料成型过程控制》 PPT课件
本课程旨在掌握材料成型过程控制的基本概念和原理，了解常见的材料成型 过程及其特点，以及探讨其中的主要问题和挑战。
材料成型过程控制的目标
1 掌握基本概念
了解材料成型过程控制的 核心概念和原理，建立扎 实的理论基础。
2 了解常见过程
3 解决问题和挑战
熟悉常见的材料成型过程， 包括注塑、压铸、挤压等， 理解它们的特点和应用领 域。
探讨材料成型过程中的主 要问题和挑战，提供有效 的解决方案和优化策略。
材料成型过程控制的方法
温度控制
精确控制成型过程中的温度，以确保材料在正 确的温度下达到最佳塑性。
压力调节
根据材料的特性和成型目标，调节成型机的压 力，确保成品的质量和形状。
流动控制
合理设计模具和流道系统，优化材料的流动性， 避免产生缺陷和瓶颈。
材料成型过程控制的未来
1
智能化控制
利用物联网和人工智能技术，实现材料成型过程的智能化控制和优化。
2
可持续发展
研究环保型材料和能源节约型工艺，促进材料成型过程的可自适应控制算法和传感器技术，实现材料成型过程的自动调节和优化。
材料成型与控制工程焊接专业课件
推广环保焊接技术，减少焊接过程 对环境和人体的影响。
04
焊接专业的就业前景
就业方向
焊接专业毕业生可从事焊接工艺设计、焊接设备操作、焊接质量检测等领域的工 作。
就业前景
随着制造业、建筑业、电力行业等领域的不断发展，对焊接专业人才的需求不断 增加，就业前景广阔。同时，随着自动化、智能化焊接技术的发展，对高素质、 高技能焊接人才的需求也越来越高。
培养学生具备自主学习能力、创新能力和实践能力，以适应不断变化的社会需求和行业发展趋势。
主要课程设置
材料科学基础
主要介绍材料的成分、结构、性能等方面的 基本知识。
材料成型原理
主要介绍材料成型过程中的物理、化学、力学 等行为的基本原理。
材料成型工艺
主要介绍各种材料加工工艺的原理、方法和工艺 参数的优化。
05
焊接安全与防护
焊接操作危险因素与安全要求
焊接操作中的危险因素
包括弧光辐射、高频电磁场、射线辐射、火灾爆炸等。
安全要求
操作前必须进行安全检查，严格遵守安全规程，确保工作场所的整洁和规范。
焊接防护措施及实施方法
防护措施
使用防护眼镜、防护面罩、手套、脚套等个 人防护用品，防止弧光辐射、高温和飞溅物 的伤害。
实施方法
定期进行安全培训和教育，增强员工的安全 意识，确保他们能够正确使用防护用品和遵 守安全规定。
焊接事故案例分析与预防措施
案例分析
通过对实际焊接事故案例的剖析，了解事故 发生的原因、经过和后果，加深对焊接安全 问题的认识。
预防措施
加强设备维护和检查，确保设备处于良好的 工作状态；严格遵守安全操作规程，不进行 违规操作；加强工作场所的安全管理和监督
《材料成型与控制工程专业英语》课程教学大纲
材料成型与控制工程专业英语课程代码：1011019总学时：32先修课程：大学英语、金属学及热处理、塑性成型原理、塑性成型工艺、模具设计开课对象：材料成型与控制工程专业一、课程的性质、目的与任务1、性质：本课程既是材料成型与控制工程本科专业必修的专业课之一，它是一门在研究材料成型与控制工程过程中需要查阅英文资料、进行国际技术交流等过程的必学课程。
2、任务：使学生在学习了专业知识的基础上进一步学习相关的专业英语词汇，从听、读、写、说全方位的角度提高学生的专业英语能力，使英语学习从基础英语提高到技术型英语，为将来材料成型与控制工程研究进一步与国际接轨打下基础。
3、目的：通过本门课程的学习，加强学生对材料成型技术方面词汇的熟悉程度,并掌握相关的专业词汇，及其缩写形式；掌握科技英语的基本语法特点；掌握科技英语的基本写作技巧；能流利阅读、翻译及赏析专业英语文献，并能简单地进行写作。
二、教学基本内容与基本要求1. 基本要求本课程教学中充实和提高英文语法的应用能力并掌握词组是主，介绍专业的生词和知识是次。
结合学生的认识实习和所学专业知识，抽出几篇典型课文课堂讲解，掌握专业词汇和词汇的用法，理解句与文章的意思。
使用双语教学，加强对学生听、说能力的培养；要求学生课后阅读大量外文资料，提高学生自学能力。
2.基本内容Chapter One The History of RollingChapter Two Classification of Rolling MillsChapter Three Plate MillsChapter Four Hot-Strip MillsChapter Five Foundations of Materials ScienceChapter Six Sheet-Metal FormingChapter Seven Extrusion三、教学内容与学时分配：（教学要求：A－熟练掌握；B－掌握；C－了解）四、建议实验项目与学时分配无五、教学方法与教学手段实施双语教学，课后要求学生查阅近期与专业相关的外文文献。
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计算机辅助设计computer aided design（CAD）电弧焊 arc welding聚氯乙烯polyvinyl chloride（PVC）吹塑blow moulding计算机辅助制造computer aided manufacturing（CAM）聚乙烯 polyethylene（PE）热固性塑料 thermosetting plastics螺杆预热装置screw preplasticiser unit聚丙烯polypropylene（PP）空回程idle reture stroke成品 finished article溶剂保护电弧焊flux-shielded arc welding模锻 closed-die forging（stamping）临界温度 critical temperature吸塑vacuum forming热塑性塑料thermolplastic生铁 pig iron聚四氟乙烯poly-tetra-fluoro-ethylene （PTFE）（柱塞式）注射成型机（Ram）injection moulding machine模具维护费用dies maintenance costs球化spheroidizing聚合物分子的几何形状 the geometrical form of polymer molecule 模具设计design of die注射模塑infection moulding力学性能mechanical properties分模线parting line铜基合金copper-based alloys金属压力加工metalworking低碳钢low carbon steel抗拉强度tensile strength对焊buttwelding显微组织microstructures碳化钨tungsten carbide（WC）弹性模量modulus of elasticity热处理heat treatment自由锻open-die forging（blacksmith forging）粉末冶金powder metallurgy线状聚合物linear polymers正火和回火normalizing and tempering第一讲1. 1 专业英语阅读材料：Metal Forming Processes in Manufacturing1. 2 阅读课文—— Welding1. 1 专业英语阅读材料： Metal Forming Processes in Manufacturing制造业中的金属成形工艺Metal Forming Processes in ManufacturingMetal forming includes (a) massive forming processes such as forging, extrusion, rolling and drawing and (b) sheet forming processes such as brake forming, deep drawing and stretch forming. Among the group of manufacturing processes discussed earlier, metal forming represents a highly significant group of processes for producing industrial and military components and consumer goods.译文金属成形包括体积成形和板料成形。
体积成形有锻造、挤压、轧制和拉拔；板料成形有压弯、深拉深和张拉成形等。
早期对这类制造工艺的讨论认为：金属成形是用于工业，军事及消费品生产的重要工艺。
Metal Forming Processes in ManufacturingA common way of classifying metal forming processes is to consider cold (room temperature) and hot (above the recrystallization temperature) forming. Most materials behave differently under the different temperature conditions. Usually, the yield stress of metal increases with increasing strain (or deformation) duringcold forming and with increasing stain rate (or deformation rate) during hot forming. However, the general principles governing the forming of metals at various temperatures are basically the same; therefore, classification of forming processes based on initial material temperature does not contribute a great deal to the understanding and improvement of theses processes. In fact, tool design, machinery, automation, part handling and lubrication concepts can be best considered by means of a classification based not on temperature but rather on specific input and output geometries and material and production rate conditions. 译文一般将金属成形按温度分为冷成形（室温）和热成形（再结晶温度以上）。
大多数材料在不同的温度有不同的特性。
通常，在冷成形中材料的屈服应力随应变的增加而增加，而在热成形中，材料的屈服应力随应变比（变形率）的增加而增加。
但是，在不同温度下决定金属成形的原理基本是相同的。
因此，成型工艺的分类是以原材料的温度为基础的，而不是根据对这些工艺的了解和改进而进行的。
事实上，模具设计、设备、自动化、零件的操控及润滑概念不是通过温度分类来考虑的，而要考虑材料、输入输出时的零件形状、生产率等因素。
Metal Forming Processes in ManufacturingComplex geometries, in both massive and sheet forming processes, can be obtained equally well by cold or hot forming. Of course, due to the lower yield strength of the deforming material at elevated temperatures, tool stresses and machine loads are, in a relative sense, lower in hot forming than in cold forming.译文在体积成形和板料成形工艺中，用热加工和冷加工都可获得形状复杂的零件。
当然，由于变形材料在高温下屈服强度较低，在热成形时模具压力和设备的吨位要比冷成形时小些。
Lesson13 Welding专业名词及术语:welding 焊接pressurewelding压力焊spotwelding点焊buttwelding对头（缝）焊fusionwelding 熔焊flux-shielded arc welding 溶剂保护电弧焊专业名词及术语:diversity不同，多样性fastening 连接件，紧固件shielding 遮护，屏蔽soldering 软钎焊，(低温）焊料bismuth铋cadmium镉专业名词及术语:rivet铆钉，铆接braze硬钎焊，铜焊oxidation氧化flux 焊接，助熔剂squeeze挤压oxy-acetylene 氧（乙）炔专业名词及术语:torch焊炬electrod电（焊) 极，焊条filler填充剂overlap搭接，重叠strike放电句子分析：1. Not only metals can be welded, so can many of the plastics.不但金属能焊接，许多塑料也能焊接。
2. One of the most important operations in soldering is that of cleaning the surface to be joined, this may be done by some acid cleaner.软钎焊中最重要的操作之一是清除所要焊的金属表面，这可以通过酸性清洁剂来实现。
句子分析：3. The ends of metal are heated to a white heat—for iron, the welding temperature should be about 1300 C –in a flame.用火焰把金属端部加热到白热状态----铁的焊接温度约为1300度。
句子分析：4. Care must be taken to ensure that the surfaces are thoroughly clean first, for dirt will weaken the weld.因为杂质将削弱焊接质量，必须注意要确保金属表面得先清除干净。
句子分析：5. In this important series of welding processes the electric are supplies the heat for fusion while a flux is responsible for the shielding and cleaning functions and often also for the metallurgical control.在这一系列重要的焊接过程中，电弧为熔化金属供热，而焊剂起保护和清理作用，经常用于冶金控制中。