Chapter Three
红楼梦章节概括一句话
红楼梦章节概括一句话**红楼梦章节概括一句话**英文：Chapter One: Introduction to the Stones and the Dream, setting the stage for the tragic tale.Chapter Two: The Jia Family's Prosperity, portraying the opulence and decay within.Chapter Three: Bao-Yu's Childhood, revealing his unique nature and early encounters.Chapter Four: The Entry of Dai-Yu, marking the beginning of a fateful love triangle.Chapter Five: The Festivities of the Jia Family, showcasing the lavish lifestyle and hidden tensions.Chapter Six: The Struggle for Power, exposing the intrigues and ambitions within the family.中文翻译：第一章：石头记与梦幻缘，为悲剧故事拉开序幕。
第二章：贾家荣华，展现家族内部的富贵与腐朽。
第三章：宝玉童年，揭示其独特性格与早期经历。
第四章：黛玉进府，标志着一场命运多舛的三角恋情的开始。
第五章：贾家喜庆，展示奢华生活和隐藏的紧张氛围。
第六章：权力斗争，揭露家族内部的阴谋与野心。
这些章节概括了《红楼梦》中的一些关键情节和主题，从家族的繁荣到内部的矛盾，再到人物之间的情感纠葛，展现了这部古典名著的丰富内涵和深刻思想。
每一章都承载着作者对人性、社会和命运的深刻洞察，使得这部小说成为中国文学史上不朽的经典之作。
2 chapter three William Langland(朗格兰)
• 《农夫皮尔斯》的艺术成就和思想内涵 远远超过了文学的范围。14世纪末英国 农民起义的领袖就曾引用该作品中的诗 句来作为革命口号。从14至16世纪的宗 教改革运动中，许多代表人物都曾直接
或间接地提到过这部作品。因此无论在
文学、历史和宗教等研究领域中，它都 是一部必读的作品。
Geoffrey Chaucer(13401400)
• The Hundred Years’ War (England and France)(p.24-25)
• The peasant uprising of 1381(King Richard Ⅱ)(p.24-25)
John Wycliff(1324-1384)
John Wycliff was important because:
the Social and Literary Significance of Piers Plowman
① It’s a realistic picture of medieval England, better than any historical record. It praises the poor peasants, and condemns and exposes the sins of the oppressors, and thus it played an important part in arousing the revolutionary sentiment on the eve of the Rising of 1381 headed by Wat Tyler and John Ball.
• He was the first man who
translated the Bible into standard
Chapter-Three-Inquiries-and-replies
▪ 双头佣：指中间人从买卖双方的一笔交易中同时收取佣金。这种情 况往往是一边拿明佣，一边拿暗佣。
第23页，共43页。
❖ 回扣，折扣的概念
在标定的价格基础上给与买方一定比例的减让。
含我方佣金百分之三
▪ Our 3% commission / a commission olivery n 交货
▪ effect delivery交货 ▪ make delivery交货 ▪ take delivery提货 1) To ensure fastest delivery, you are required to forward the above order by air freight.
（2） General Inquiry （一般询盘） 一般属于摸底性质，内容包括 A：请寄商品的样品、目录、 价格表等 B:探寻某种商品的品质、价格、数量、交货期 等
（3） Specific Inquiry(具体询盘)
买方请求卖方对某一商品报盘，买方已有意购买商品
第3页，共43页。
➢ Writing Steps
第20页，共43页。
3. silk piece goods 绸缎
▪ cotton piece goods 棉布
第21页，共43页。
4. happen v 发生
1) Your intention happens to coincide with our wishes. 你方的意图碰巧与我们的愿望相一致。
第6页，共43页。
1)There is no more stock on hand.
手头已无存货。
2) We can supply you from stock.
Chapter Three morphology and lexicon
Free Morpheme and bound morpheme
Free morpheme: morpheme that can stand by themselves as a single word, e.g. open, dad, tour. Bound morpheme: morpheme which cannot normally stand alone, but which are typically attached to another form (also called stem 词根), e.g. re-, -ist, ed, -s.
Inflection and Word-formation
Inflection(屈折 means the process of 屈折) 屈折 adding an affix(主要是后缀) to a word or changing it in some other way according to the morphological rules. #affix: prefix, suffix and infix E.g. (of infix) Tagalog (a language): “eat”--kain; “will eat”---kumain Illocano: “window”---tawa; “windows”--tawtawa
Word and Word Classes
word: a unit of a language, consisting of one or more spoken sounds or their written representation and functioning as a carrier of meaning. (Webster dictionary，1997) Several ways to know a word (see page 75)
鲁滨逊漂流记,读书笔记二、三、四章
鲁滨逊漂流记,读书笔记二、三、四章英文版Robinson Crusoe: Notes on Chapters Two, Three, and Four Chapter Two: The ShipwreckAs Robinson Crusoe's ship was battered by a furious storm, the terror and helplessness he felt were palpable. The description of the violence of nature, with waves crashing over the deck and the ship creaking under the pressure, was both vivid and harrowing. Crusoe's reaction to the situation, from initial panic to a determination to survive, was a testament to his resilience. His actions in securing the boat and preparing for the inevitable shipwreck were both practical and intelligent, displaying a clear head in the midst of chaos.Chapter Three: The IslandAwakening on the deserted island, Crusoe's initial confusion and disbelief were understandable. The description of the island, with its "wild and savage" scenery, was a stark contrast to thefamiliarity and comfort of his previous life. However, Crusoe's adaptability and resourcefulness soon became evident as he set about assessing his situation and devising a plan to survive. His decision to explore the island, gather supplies, and establish a base camp were crucial steps in his survival journey.Chapter Four: Early ChallengesThe challenges Crusoe faced on the island were numerous and varied. From finding a reliable source of water to defending himself against wild animals, each task required his utmost concentration and effort. The description of his hunt for food, with its mix of excitement and danger, was particularly engaging. Crusoe's ingenuity in creating tools and weapons from the limited resources available to him was remarkable. His diary entries, chronicling his daily life and thoughts, provided a window into his soul, revealing his loneliness, despair, and hopefulness in equal measure.In conclusion, Robinson Crusoe's journey on the deserted island is not just a story of survival but also a testament to thehuman spirit. Through Crusoe's experiences in Chapters Two, Three, and Four, we see the importance of resilience, adaptability, and resourcefulness in overcoming seemingly impossible obstacles. The story serves as a reminder that even in the most hopeless situations, there is always a way to persevere and find hope.鲁滨逊漂流记：第二章、第三章、第四章读书笔记第二章：船难鲁滨逊的船在暴风雨中摇摇欲坠，他感到的恐惧和无助是显而易见的。
爱丽丝梦游仙境(全2册)(汉英对照)
爱丽丝梦游仙境（全2册）（汉
英对照）
版权页
•爱丽丝梦游仙境·中文
•简介
•出版说明
•序诗
•第1章掉进兔子洞
•第2章眼泪池塘
•第3章一场政党竞选式赛跑和一个长故事
•第4章兔子派来了小比尔
•第5章毛毛虫的指点
•第6章小猪和胡椒
•第7章疯狂的茶会
•第8章王后的槌球场
•第9章假海龟的故事
•第10章龙虾四对舞
•第11章谁偷走了果馅饼？
•第12章爱丽丝的证词
•内容简介
•爱丽丝梦游仙境·英文
•about the author
•出版说明
•Preface
•Chapter One Down the Rabbit-Hole
•Chapter Two The Pool of Tears
•Chapter Three A Caucus-Race[1] and a Long Tale •Chapter Four The Rabbit Sends in a Little Bill •Chapter Five Advice from a Caterpillar •Chapter Six Pig and Pepper
•Chapter Seven A Mad Tea-Party
•Chapter Eight The Queen s Croquet-Ground •Chapter Nine The Mock Turtle s Story •Chapter Ten The Lobster Quadrille[1]•Chapter Eleven Who Stole the Tarts?
•Chapter Twelve Alice s Evidence
•summery。
《弟子规》中英文对照
弟子规（英文文字版)第一章：开宗明义章Chapter Principle And Explaining the Meaning弟子规，圣人训.首孝悌，次谨信。
泛爱众，而亲仁。
有余力，则学文.弟子规，圣人训。
这套为人子弟的规矩，是根据古代圣人的遗言编成的.The rules for being a student are instructions given by sages。
首孝悌,次谨信.首先要孝顺父母,尊敬兄长,其次要言行谨慎而有信用。
Of all rules，the first is respect, for your parents and all of your elders, learn to be careful andtrustworthy。
泛爱众，而亲仁。
要博爱众生,并且亲近仁者。
Be friendly and kind to all，draw near to people who are good。
有余力，则学文。
假如以上都能努力去实行，还有更多的能力，就应该研究学问。
Whatever time you have left should be devoted to learning。
第二章:孝Chapter Two：Filial Piety父母呼，应勿缓，父母命，行勿懒。
父母教,须敬听，父母责,须顺承.冬则温，夏则凊，晨则省，昏则定.出必告，反必面，居有常，业无变。
事虽小，勿擅为，苟擅为，子道亏。
物虽小，勿私藏，苟私藏，亲心伤。
亲所好，力为具,亲所恶，谨为去。
身有伤，贻亲忧,德有伤，贻亲羞。
亲爱我,孝何难,亲憎我,孝方贤。
亲有过，谏使更，怡吾色，柔吾声.谏不入，悦复谏,号泣随，挞无怨。
亲有疾，药先尝，昼夜侍，不离床。
丧三年，常悲咽，居处变,酒肉绝。
丧尽礼,祭尽诚，事死者，如事生。
父母呼,应勿缓,父母呼唤我们时,马上回答,不要迟缓。
When father and mother are calling, answer them right away。
_Chapter_Three_The_friendly_robin_第三章_友好的知更鸟
H*' &+134 /+.4( %
O
%$
0.47*"
L%&- /+.4( % 0+4@
&.$2- I
"
L%&- /'02
B
"
L%&- $2++(!
%4( 03$2'4'( 2+ 2*' &+134$ $+4@"
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
中国文化概况_Chapter_3
Brief introduction
Four main periods of Chinese literature development :
Classical: pre—late Qing Modern: 1840—May 4th, 1919 Revolutionary: 1919—1949 Contemporary: 1949—present
Outstanding Yuefu Folk songs
Southeast the Peacock Flies 《孔雀东南飞》 The Ballads of Mulan 《木兰诗》
The Ballads of Mulan and Southeast the Peacock Flies
Disney Pictures' Mulan
Classical Literature (47minutes)
Definition
It refers to literary works from the days before the Qin Dynasty to the late Qing Dynasty.
Characteristic
诗》 The biggest-ever collection of Chinese poetry.
The development of poetry in the Tang Dynasty can be classified into four stages: Early Tang, High Tang, Mid Tang and late Tang
Three sections:
Feng (folk ballads)
Ya (dynastic hymns)
语言学chapter3课后答案
语⾔学chapter3课后答案Chapter 3Revision exercises reference1.Divide the following words into their separate morphemes by placing a “+”between each morpheme and the next:a. micro + film e. tele + com + muni + cat + ionb. be + draggle + d f. fore + fatherc. announce + ment g. psycho + physicsd. pre + digest + ion h. mechan + ist2.Think of three morpheme suffixes, give their meaning and specify the typesof stem they may be suffixed to. Give at least two examples of each.suffix: -mentmeaning: added to some verbs to form nouns that refer to actions, processes, or statesstem type: added to verbsexample: statement, “something you say or write, especially publicly or officially, to let people know your intentions or opinions, or to record facts” enjoyment, “the feeling of pleasure you get from having or doing something, or something you enjoy doing”suffix: -nessmeaning: added to adjectives to form nouns which often refer to a state or quality stem type: added to adjective example: happiness, “the state of being happy”Kindness, “kind behavior towards someone”suffix: -shipmeaning: added to some nouns to form nouns which often denote a state, status, or skillsstem type: added to nounsexample: friendship, “a relationship between friends”readership, “all the people who read a particular newspaper ormagazine regularly”3.Think of three morpheme prefixes, give their meaning, and specify thetypes of stem they may be prefixed to. Give at least two examples of each.in-: when added to adjectives, it means not; when added to nouns, it means without, lack of; it can also be spelt as il- before l, im- before b, m, p, and ir- before r. e.g.inability inaccuracy inaction inconsistencyinconvenience indeterminacy indiscretion inequityinhuman inapt infrequent infiniteingenuous infiltrate inhospitable immuneimmortal imperceptible imperfectde-: This prefix can form verbs and their derivatives meaning down, away; when added to the verb and their derivatives, it denotes removal or reversal. e.g.decaf decipher decolour descenddebase deform defrost defocusdegrade debrief debug deactivatedehydrate defoliate delimit dematerialize re-: This prefix means 1) once more, afresh, anew as in the world reaccustom; 2) returning to a previous state as in restore; or 3) in return, mutually as in react etc.E.g.recap reanimate rearm reassemblereassessing reattach reapply reappear Note: There is an exception to the rule when the word to which re- attaches begins with e. In this case a hyphen is often inserted for clarity, e.g. re-examine, re-enter, re-enact. A hyphen is sometimes also used where the world formed with the prefix would be identical to an already existing words, e.g. re-cover (meaning cover again), nor recover (meaning getting better in health).4.The Italicized part in each of the following sentences is an inflectionalmorpheme. Study each inflectional morpheme carefully and point out its grammatical meaning.●Sue moves in high-society circles in London.-s, third person singular, present simple tense● A traffic warden asked John to move his car.-ed, past tense●The club has moved to Friday, February 22nd.has -ed, present perfect●The branches of the trees are moving back and forth.are + v-ing, present continuous (plural).5.Determine whether the words in each of the following groups are related toone another by processes of inflection or derivation.a)go, goes, going, gone (inflection)●go, the root form●go + -es, present participle●go + -ing, present participle●gone, past participleb)discover, discovery, discoverer, discoverable, discoverability (derivation)●dis-, prefix ( added to the nouns to form verbs) meaning reversal●-y, suffix (added after the verbs form nouns) denoting a state or an actionor its result●-er, a noun suffix added to the verbs, meaning a person or thing thatperforms a specified action or activity●-able, an adjective suffix added to the verbs meaning able to be●-ability, a noun suffix, or a derivative suffix of -able. It can also spell as-ibility, meaning having the quality as in manageability (可处理性) and suitability (适合性).c)inventor, inventor`s, inventors, inventors` (a mixture of inflection or derivation)●derivation: invent + -or●inflection: inventor`s, inventors`, `s indicating possessive cased)democracy, democrat, democratic, democratize (derivation)●-cy, added to the nouns ending with t to form another noun denoting astate governed in such a way●-ic, an adjective suffix, added to the nouns to form adjectives meaningrelated to or in resemblance with...●-ize, a suffix added to the nouns to form verbs denoting the conversion,or transforming.6.The following sentences contain both derivational and inflectional affixes. Underline all of the derivational affixes and circle the inflectional affixes.a)b)c)d)e)The strongest rower continued.f)g)h)Supplementary ExercisesI. Decide whether each of the following statements is True or False:1.Words are the smallest meaningful units of language.2.Just as a phoneme is the basic unit in the study of phonology, so is a morpheme the basic unit in the study of morphology.3.Bound morphemes include two types: roots and affixes.4.Inflectional morphemes manifest various grammatical relations or grammatical categories such as number, tense, degree, and case.5.Prefixes usually modify the part of speech of the original word, not the meaning of it.6.Phonetically, the stress of a compound always falls on the first element, while thesecond element receives secondary stress.II. Fill in each blank below with one word which begins with the letter given:7.M ____ is the smallest meaningful unit of language.8.The affix “-ish” in the word boyish conveys a g____ meaning.9.D________ affixes are added to an existing form to create words.10.C__________ is the combination of two or sometimes more than two words tocreate new words.11.The rules that govern which affix can be added to what type of stem to form anew word are called m___________ rules.III. There are four choices following each statement. Mark the choice that can best complete the statement:12.The morpheme “vision” in the common word “television” is a(n) ______.A. bound morphemeB. bound formC. inflectional morphemeD. free morpheme13.The compound word “bookstore” is the place wh ere books are sold. Thisindicates that the meaning of a compound __________.A. is the sum total of the meaning of its componentsB. can always be worked out by looking at the meanings of morphemesC. is the same as the meaning of a free phrase.D. None of the above.14.The part of speech of the compounds is generally determined by the part ofspeech of __________.A. the first elementB. the second elementC. either the first or the second elementD. both the first and the second elements.15._______ are those that cannot be used independently but have to be combinedwith other morphemes, either free or bound, to form a word.A. Free morphemesB. Bound morphemesC. Bound wordsD. Words16.The meaning carried by the inflectional morpheme is _______.A. lexicalB. morphemicC. grammaticalD. semanticIV. Answer the following question(s):17.Discuss the types of morphemes with examples.。