高中英语：强调句、语序、倒装语法知识点

高中英语：强调句、语序、倒装语法知识点

I强调句

1 It is (was) that(who, whom)

句型：It is (was) +被强调的成分+that(who, whom) +其它成分

I am right. 我是对的。

It is I who(that) am right.（强调主语）

They will have a meeting tomorrow. 他们明天开会。

It is they who (that) will have a meeting tomorrow.（强调主语）

就是他们明天要开会。

It is a meeting that they will have tomorrow. （强调宾语）

他们明天是要开个会（而不是干别的）。

It is tomorrow that they will have a meeting.（强调时间状语）

就在明天他们要开会。

1. 强调句型应注意事项

a. 强调句中通常强调主语、宾语（包括介词宾语）、状语、短语和从句。 it本身没有词义。

b. 强调句中的连接词一般只用who，whom（代人），that （可代物，也可代人），即使在强时间状语从句和地点状语从句时也如此。

who，whom，that不可以省略

c. that或who，whom之后动词的人称和数要与它前面被强调的名词或代词一致。（即人称和数要与原句中的一致）

d. 强调句中的时态只有两种，一般现在时和一般过去时。原句谓语动词是一般过去时，过去完成时和过去进行时时，用It was’其余的时态用It is。

It was the way he asked that really upset me.

就是他问的方式真的使我生气了。

Was it during the Second World War that he died?（强调短语）

他就是在第二次世界大战之中死的吗？

When was it that the Long March started?

是什么时候开始长征的？（强调句子）

2. 强调 it 和先行词 it 的判别

可用恢复原句来判别，即是把It is(was) that取消，如果剩下的仍能组成一个完整的句子，这就是强调句型，否则就不是。

It is there that accidents often happen.

去掉It is that

There accidents often happen.

那儿经常发生事故。是一个完整的句子，由此可判断该例是强调句，它强调地点状语there。

It is clear that not all boys like football.

很明显不是所有的男孩都喜欢踢足球。

去掉It is that

Clear not all boys like football.

不是一个完整的句子，因此这不是强调句，而是由it作先行词引导的一个主语从句。

2 not until 句型的强调句

句型：It is (was) not until +被强调部分+that+其它成分

He didn't go to bed until (till) ten o'clock.

直到十点，他才睡觉。

It was not until ten o'clock that he went to bed. （强调句）

Regular radio broadcasts didn't begin till (untill) 1920.

直到1920年，收音机才开始普遍使用。（在1920年以前收音机没开始使用。）

It was not until 1920 that regular radio broadcasts began.（强调句）

I didn't realize she was a famous film star till (until) she took off her dark glasses. 注意：

此句型只用until，不用till但如果不是强调句型，till，untill可通用。（参见左边3个例句）直到这位大明星把她的墨镜摘下来，我才认出她来。

It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.（强调句）

注意：

因为句型中It(was) is not 已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。

1. 此句型还可用倒装句来表示

原句：

Li Ming didn't watch TV till(until) he finished his homework.

李明做完作业后才看电视。

强调句：

It was not until Li Ming finished his homework that he watched TV.

倒装句：

=Not until he finished his homework did Li Ming watch TV.

=Only when he finished his homework did Li Ming watch TV.

原句：

The bus will not go until (till) all the people get on it.

直到所有的人都上了车，车才开走。

强调句：

It is not until all the people get on it that the bus will go.

倒装句：

Not until all the people get on it will the bus go.

Only when all the people get on it will the bus go.

3 谓语动词的强调

It is (was) that 结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，用

助动词do或did。

Do sit down.

务必请坐。

He did write to you last week.

上周他确实给你写了信。

Do be careful when you cross the street.

过马路时，务必（千万）要小心啊！

I did go to see you when you were in Shanghai.

你在上海时，我确实去看过你。

注意：

此种强调只用do和did，没有别的形式。

过去时用did，后面的谓语动词用原形。

II 语序

1 定语的语序

在英语中一般常见的句子语序为主语+谓语+宾语，此语序与汉语基本相同，但定语在句中的位置中文和英文略有差异，说明如下：

1. 当定语是单词或动名词时