【英语】 初中英语阅读理解日常生活类选择题练习

【英语】阅读理解日常生活类选择题练习

一、英语阅读理解日常生活类（含答案详细解析）

1．根据短文内容选择最佳答案。

Even in early time, people could realize the importance of dreams and knew that dreams gave meaning to life. Every great achievement has been the result of years of dreaming. If a person has a dream and holds fat to it, he or she will find a way to bring it into reality（现实）.

Children do not have much experience or knowledge. However, they are natural dreamers. We should not laugh at them for being naive. Many great men were dreamers when they were children. One such dreamer was Thomas Edison He used to be ostracized（排斥）when he was in primary school, but his achievements were greater than everyone else's in his time.

Teenagers and young people should also be encouraged to dream. The world is full of successful teenagers and young people. They dreamt big and their dreams changed their lives and even the world. Steve Jobs and Bill Gates are the good examples. They have developed technology and brought great progress to human besides making money for themselves Older people should believe that it is never too late to dream and that human mind is never too old to make dreams tum into reality. Colonel Saunders realized his dreams at the age of 67 and set up the biggest fried chicken company （KFC） in the world. To dream is a wonderful ability which can lead to wonderful results. Olympic records were broken by players who were brave enough to dream. No one is too young or too old to dream and to make dreams come true.

（1）People who ___________ could probably realize their dreams,

A. find a way to dream

B. dream and hold fast to them

C. get the meaning of life

D. have very good school results

（2）Young people should be encouraged to dream because __________.

A. their dreams are natural

B. they are greater than everyone else

C. they have much knowledge

D. their dreams might change the world

（3）What does the example of Colonel Saunders show us?

A. Setting up a big company is a wonderful ability.

B. Developing technology can bring great progress.

C. Even older people can make their dreams come true.

D. People should be brave enough to dream when they are young.

（4）The underlined word "naive" in the passage means" __________ in Chinese.

A. 逆反的

B. 幼稚的

C. 调皮的

D. 冲动的（5）The best title for the passage is __________.

A. From Dream to Reality

B. Good Examples of Dreams

C. Achievements in History

D. A list of Successful Dreamers

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）C

（4）B

（5）A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了如果一个人有一个梦想，并坚持下去，他或她会找到一种方法来实现它。

（1）细节题。根据If a person has a dream and holds fat to it, he or she will find a way to bring it into reality（现实）.可知如果一个人有一个梦想，并坚持下去，他或她会找到一种方法来实现它，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据They dreamt big and their dreams changed their lives and even the world.可知们梦想远大，梦想改变了他们的生活，甚至改变了世界。故选D。

（3）细节题。根据前句Older people should believe that it is never too late to dream and that human mind is never too old to make dreams tum into reality.可知老年人应该相信，做梦永远不嫌晚，人的心智永远不嫌老，不会让梦想变成现实。故选C。

（4）推断题。根据前句Children do not have much experience or knowledge. However, they are natural dreamers.可知孩子们没有多少经验和知识，然而，他们是天生的梦想家。所以我们不应该嘲笑他们的幼稚，故选B。

（5）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了如果一个人有一个梦想，并坚持下去，他或她会找到一种方法来实现它。即从梦想到现实，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

2．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的几个选项中，选出最佳选项。

What subject do you worry about the most at school? Many students worry about math. Some students can't sleep well the day before a math exam. Others may feel very nervous during the exam itself. But there might be a way to make the subject less stressful（压力大的）.

"For people who are worried about math, posture （姿势）makes a big difference," Erik Paper from San Francisco State University told the Daily Mail. That's right – sitting up straight can help you do better on math exams.

Scientists tested 125 college students. They asked them to do a simple math exam while sitting in a slumped-over （趴倒的）posture, or sitting up straight. After the test, 56 percent of students said the exam was easier to do if they were sitting up straight.

Slumping over is a defensive（戒备的） posture. It can bring about bad memories in the body and brain. This can stop you from thinking clearly, Paper said.

Students who were not nervous about taking the math exam did not necessarily benefit（受益）from better posture. But they did find that doing math while slumped over was more difficult, Science Daily reported.

Good posture isn't just helpful for taking math exams. Sportspeople, musicians and public speakers can all benefit from better posture. When you feel stressed out, you can also try to sit up straight or stand tall. It can help you feel more certain and focus better.

（1）What posture can make people feel less stressed during math exams?

A. Sitting up straight.

B. Hanging your head.

C. Lying on your back.

D. Raising one hand.

（2）What did the scientists ask the college students to do during the test?

A. To do sit-ups.

B. To count numbers.

C. To think carefully.

D. To sit in different postures.

（3）How many students in the test benefited from the better posture?

A. All the 125 students.

B. Less than half of them.

C. 56 percent of them.

D. None of the students.

（4）The fourth paragraph is written to explain .

A. why slumping over makes exams harder to do

B. why slumping over is bad for one's health

C. why some people slump over during exams

D. why people are nervous during math exams

（5）Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A. Slump over to Take Exams

B. Sit up to Do Math

C. Better Posture for Nervous Students

D. Good Advice for Better Exams

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）C

（4）A

（5）B

【解析】【分析】本文介绍姿势不仅有助于参加数学考试。运动员、音乐家和演说家都可以从更好的姿势中受益。当你感到压力大的时候，你也可以试着坐直或者站直。它可以帮助你更确定，更专注。

（1）细节题。根据For people who are worried about math, posture （姿势）makes a big difference 和That's right – sitting up straight can help you do better on math exams. 可知坐直可以让人们在数学考试中感觉压力更小，故选A。

（2）推理题。根据 They asked them to do a simple math exam while sitting in a slumped-over （趴倒的）posture, or sitting up straight. 可知科学家在测试中要求大学生以不同的姿势坐着，故选D。

（3）细节题。根据 After the test, 56 percent of students said the exam was easier to do if they were sitting up straight 可知56%的参加测试的学生从更好的姿势中受益，故选C。

（4）主旨题。根据 Slumping over is a defensive（戒备的）posture. It can bring about bad memories in the body and brain. This can stop you from thinking clearly, 可知第四段是用来解释为什么睡懒觉会让考试变得更难，故选A。

（5）主旨题。根据本文教室里姿势有助于参加数学考试和 the exam was easier to do if they were sitting up straight ，可知标题适合是 Sit up to Do Math 坐起来做数学，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

3．阅读理解

I walked into a stranger as he passed by me.

"Excuse me." I said.

He replied with a smile and said, "Please excuse me, too. I didn't notice you."

We apologized（道歉） and went for our own ways.

Later that day, when I was cooking, my daughter was standing too near. When I turned to reach for some milk, I nearly knocked her over. "Move out of the way!" I shouted.

She walked away sadly. But I didn't feel like I had to apologize to her.

While I was in bed that evening, my husband said to me. "While dealing with a stranger, you were polite. But with a daughter you love, you were unkind. Your daughter brought you some flowers that she picked herself this afternoon. You will find them in the kitchen by the door. Have you seen the tears in her eyes?"

I quietly went and sat down by my daughter's bed.

"Honey, I am so sorry." I said. "Are these the flowers you picked for me?"

She said, "I found them by the tree. I picked them because they're pretty like you. I knew you'd like them, especially the blue ones."

I tearfully replied, "Sweetie, I'm really sorry for the way I acted today. I shouldn't have shouted at you."

"It's OK. I love you anyway." She said as she kissed me on my cheek.

If we can be polite to strangers, why can't we do the same for the ones we love?

（1）The writer was to the stranger who she walked into.

A. mad

B. honest

C. unkind

D. polite

（2）Where were they when the writer shouted at her daughter?

A. In the kitchen.

B. By the tree.

C. In the bedroom.

D. In the garden.（3）What did the writer's husband think when he saw her action?

A. The little girl shouldn't cry.

B. She shouldn't shout at their daughter.

C. She shouldn't say sorry to the stranger.

D. Both he and his wife should apologize to their daughter.

（4）What may be the writer's favorite color according to the passage?

A. Yellow.

B. Pink.

C. Blue.

D. Red.

（5）What do you think is the best title for the passage?

A. Be friendly to strangers.

B. Mothers like flowers.

C. Be kind to loved ones.

D. Love between parents and children.

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）B

（4）C

（5）C

【解析】【分析】大意：作者走在路上撞到陌生人，相互表示歉意，而在家里因为女儿站

地离自己很近，结果取牛奶的时候几乎绊倒女儿却生气对女儿大叫，导致女儿难过流泪，后来因为老公的点醒，让作者意思到对待爱自己的人要好的道理。

（1）细节题。根据"Excuse me." I said.可知，作者对待陌生人很有礼貌，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据when I was cooking, Move out of the way!" I shouted.可知，作者是在厨房对女儿大喊大叫，故选A。

（3）推断题。根据While dealing with a stranger, you were polite. But with a daughter you love, you were unkind.可知，作者的丈夫认为她不应该对女儿大叫，故选B。

（4）推断题。根据I knew you'd like them, especially the blue ones."可知，作者可能最喜欢蓝色，故选C。

（5）主旨题。作者走在路上撞到陌生人，相互表示歉意，而在家里因为女儿站地离自己很近，结果取牛奶的时候几乎绊倒女儿却生气对女儿大叫，导致女儿难过流泪，后来因为老公的点醒，让作者意思到对待爱自己的人要好的道理，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题、推断题和主旨题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题需要从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

4．阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

In the park, you see a group of people, all looking up at the sky. Without thinking about it, you look upwards, too. Why? In the concert, someone begins to clap and suddenly the whole room joins in. You do, too. Why?

Sometimes we feel we are acting correctly when we do the same as others. The more people follow an idea, the better or truer we think the idea is. It's the social proof （社会认同感） that works.

The scientist Asch carried out an experiment. It shows how social proof can influence us. In a room, a man is shown Line 1, and next to it are three lines （A, B, C）. A is longer, C is shorter and B is as long as Line 1. He must tell which of the three lines is as long as Line 1. When the man is alone, he gives the correct answer B. Then, five other men enter the room, and each of them gives the answer C as they were told to. Now the man changes his idea and gives the answer C. Asch got the same result many times among different subjects （实验对象）.

Why do we act like this? Well, in the past, following others was a way to keep from danger. Suppose that 5000 years ago you were hunting （打猎）with friends. Suddenly, they all ran away. What would you have done? Would you have stayed? No, you would have run, too. We are descendants （后代） of those who copied others' action. It is so deeply planted in our mind that we still use it now.

Social proof has special power. The advertising industry, for example, often makes use of it. So

be capful whenever a company says its product is "the most popular".

（1）At the beginning of the passage, the writer leads in the topic by ________.

A. telling a story

B. giving examples

C. answering questions

D. showing a map （2）According to Paragraph 3, the experiment by Asch shows ________.

A. following others is always right

B. social proof may change people's ideas

C. it's difficult to carry out the experiment

D. people can study better if they are alone

（3）The underlined word "It" in Paragraph g refers to ________.

A. running with others

B. hunting with friends

C. copying others' action

D. doing something different

（4）According to the passage, we can infer （推断） that ________.

A. it's important to run with others anytime

B. products in the advertisement are the best

C. we mustn't copy others' action to keep safe

D. we need to think twice before following others

【答案】（1）B

（2）B

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文通过几个实例说明了社会认知感对人们的影响。（1）细节理解题。 In the park, you see a group of people, all looking up at the sky. Without thinking about it, you look upwards, too. Why? In the concert, someone begins to clap and suddenly the whole room joins in. You do, too. Why? 可知作者是通过实例说明了一个论点社会认同感的影响。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。第三段的实验内容主要讲让人们选择一个正确答案，在一个人单独思考的状况下，可以答对；当一群人一起看问题，并告知他们前面的人选择的一个错误答案，他们就都选择认可前人回答的错误答案，由此可知社会认同感会让人改变观点。故选B。

（3）词意猜测题。根据Suppose that 5000 years ago you were hunting （打猎） with friends. Suddenly, they all ran away. What would you have done? Would you have stayed? No, you would have run, too. We are descendants （后代） of those who copied others' action. 这种观念深深种在我们的脑海中并且现在我们仍旧在使用。可知it指的是人们抄袭他人的行动。故选C。

（4）推理判断题。根据So be careful whenever a company says its product is "the most popular". 因此无论何时当一个公司说它的产品是对受欢迎的要小心。可知当我们在跟从别人之前要再三考虑。故选D。

【点评】此题考查阅读理解。先阅读短文，了解短文大意，然后分析问题，弄清题意，再带着问题阅读短文，从短文的细节中找出问题答案。对于推理判断题要根据文章中相关的细节进行推理判断，不要主观臆断，要根据作者的观点确定。

5．阅读理解

Students in Kenya are returning for their third term. They begin their school year in January and it is broken up into three terms. In Kenya, in the past, students were not required to attend school and the education was not free, either.

I taught math, English and physics at Chamasiri Secondary School while I was a teacher in Kenya. This school had four classrooms ﹣one for each grade, Form 1, Form 2, Form 3 and Form 4. They are the equivalent（对等） to our 9th, 10th, 11th and 12th grades. Teachers traveled from classroom to classroom instead of the students going from room to room. The Form I class had 60 students, Form 2 had 45, Form 3 had 30, and Form 4 about 12 students. The class sizes became smaller as the grades continued on. Why did this happn? Many families were very poor and could not afford the school fees（学费）.

Most countryside schools in Kenya did not have a lot of money. As a result, there were very few textbooks for the students to use. I had seven math texts for my Form 2 class and 14 for the Form I class. Anything the students needed to know was put up on the blackboard and the students copied it down into their notebooks. The notebooks became the students' textbooks.

Kenyan students study ten different subject areas. Some of the students spend over an hour running home. They do chores at home and hopefully manage to find some time to study before it gets dark. Most families do not have electricity and may not even have candies for their children to study by.

Luckily, Kenyan education has been becoming better and better in the past few years. I'm sure it will have a good future.

（1）Which grade does Form 3 refer to（指的是） in the writer's country？

A. Grade 9.

B. Grade 10.

C. Grade 11.

D. Grade 12.

（2）Why did the notebooks become the students' textbooks？

A. The students did not pay the schools.

B. The schools couldn't afford the textbooks.

C. The students preferred to use their notebook.

D. The teachers asked the students to take notes.

（3）Why do some students run home from school？

A. They aren't allowed to stay at school.

B. They don't like studying in the school.

C. They hope to have more time to study.

D. They want to get candles in the stores.

（4）According to the passage, which of the following is NOT TRUE？

A. In Kenya, a school year has three terms.

B. The Form I class had the most students.

C. Each family has electricity in Kenya.

D. Kenyan education has been improving.

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）C

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文介绍Chamasiri Secondary School的情况，这个学校有四个班，一个年级一个班，到这里来就读的学生一般都是穷人家的孩子，学生在这学习10门科目。（1）细节理解题。根据Form 1， Form 2， Form 3 and Form 4. They are the equivalent（对等） to our 9th， 10th， 11th and 12th grades. 第一组、第二组、第三组和第四组，他们分别对应9、10、11、12年级，故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据Most countryside schools in Kenya did not have a lot of money. 肯尼亚的大多乡村学校没有很多钱，故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据Some of the students spend over an hour running home. They do chores at home and hopefully manage to find some time to study before it gets dark. Most families do not have electricity and may not even have candies for their children to study by. 一些学生花费一个多小时跑回家，他们在家做家务并希望天黑之前找到一些时间去学习，大多家庭没有电，甚至没有蜡烛供孩子们学习用，因此孩子们跑回家是为了有更多的时间学习，故选C。

（4）细节理解题。题目问以下哪一个选项是不对的，根据Most families do not have electricity and may not even have candies for their children to study by.可知，大多家庭没有电，甚至没有蜡烛供孩子们学习用。C选项意为肯尼亚的每个家庭都有电，与原文不符，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解能力，细节题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题要从文中寻找答案。

6．阅读理解

When it comes to helping developing countries, we often think about offering money in order that they can build schools and hospitals, buy food and medicine, or find clean water supplies. These seem to be the most important basic needs in their lives. However, it's far from enough. We have to come up with better ideas.

A man called Nicholas Negroponte invented a cheap laptop computer, which he decided to invent after he visited a school in Cambodia. The laptop which Mr. Negroponte has designed is not the same as the normal one that you can buy in the shops. One difference is that it will be covered in rubber so that it is strong and won't be damaged easily. As an electricity supply can be a problem in developing countries, the computer also has a special handle in order that children can wind the computer up to give it extra power when needed.

This special laptop computer will cost less than 100 US dollars and Mr. Negroponte wants to produce as many as 15 million laptop computers in the first year. The idea is that these computers will help the children's education as they will be able to access the Internet. These computers might not benefit the people in developing countries immediately, but by improving children's education they should help people to find their own solutions to their problems in the

long term.

Another idea to help children in developing countries is to recycle old mobile phones so that they can be used again. In the UK. And probably in many other countries too, millions of mobile phones are thrown away every year. The waste crested by throwing away thee old phones is very bed for the environment, so it seems to be an excellent idea to achieve two important goals at the same time. We will reduce the waste we produce and help others. In other words, we will be able to" kill two birds with one "and that is always a good thing.

（1）The underlined phrase "wind up" in paragraph 2 means .

A. 吹风

B. 给……上发条

C. 摇上

D. 利用空气……使……（2）The laptop computer that Mr. Negroponte has designed .

A. will be damaged much easier than the normal one

B. has a special handle to access the Internet

C. is cheap and can run with extra power

D. can be helpful to find the people's own solutions

（3）According to the passage，what benefit can we get from recycling old mobile phones?

A. We can reduce the waste to protect the environment.

B. We can help children in developing countries reuse the old mobile phones.

C. it is good for the environment and very educative for phone users.

D. It not only reduces the waste produced by developed countries but also helps the children in developing countries.

（4）Mr. Negroponte's cheap computer is mentioned in the passage to .

A. illustrate the kindness of people in the developed countries

B. tell us what high technology can help people

C. show how to find business opportunities in developing countries

D. give an example of how to help developing countries

（5）Which is the best idea the author gives us to help the developing countries?

A. We need to help people in developing countries to help themselves，not just throw money at the problem.

B. We should spend much money helping people in developing countries build more schools and hospitals.

C. We should think about giving help to developing countries more often.

D. We should help the people in developing countries by improving children's education immediately.

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）D

（4）D

（5）A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了Nicholas Negroponte发明了一种便宜的手提电脑和循环使用手机来帮助发展中国家。

（1）细节题。根据give it extra power when needed.当需要的时候给它额外的能量，是通过

特殊的把柄来产生能量，即通过上发条，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据A man called Nicholas Negroponte invented a cheap laptop computer和give it extra power when needed.可知手提电脑是便宜的，并且有额外的能量，故选C。（3）细节题。根据We will reduce the waste we produce and help others.可知不仅降低了废弃物污染，而且帮助了发展中国家，故选D。

（4）细节题。根据第一段We have to come up with better ideas.可知是帮助发展中国家更好的主意的例子，故选D。

（5）细节题。根据第一段可知帮助发展中国家时不仅仅是提供给他们金钱，而且要通过更好的方法来让他们自己帮助自己，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

7．阅读理解

If you want to check where the nearest coffee shop to your home is, if you want to know how to get to a place in your city, or if you want to see where in the world your foreign pen friend lives, there's now a new free online map you can use.

Last month, China started its official online mapping service, Map World. "Through this free online service users can fly over mountains and valleys around the world and search for restaurants and traffic information across the country for free," said Xu Deming, director of the State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping （SBSM）. The bureau, which does China's surveying and mapping work, is in charge of the Map World project.

Users can get into Map World through https://www.360docs.net/doc/ee17722357.html, or https://www.360docs.net/doc/ee17722357.html, and search for 2- and 3-D images from across the world. The home page shows a view of the Great Wall.

"It took about two years to prepare the service with all the satellite（卫星）images taken from 2006 to 2010," said Jiang Jie, director of the database department（数据库部门） under SBSM.

The technology（技术） and website are still at an early stage. The images from inside China are detailed. Users can see close pictures of roadsides. But the views of places outside China are less clear.

Service providers have more than 80 machines, with the ability to deal with 10 million requests （请求） daily, while Google Earth, Google's mapping service, has thousands of machines, Jiang said.

"Our map service can update（更新） data about twice a year, but Google Earth can update its information every couple of minutes, through satellites," Jiang said.

The bureau said it will continue developing Map World. At the same time, you can have a try for yourself. Some users have given their opinions about the service after trying it. One student in Beijing said that Map World even shows the small bookstore near her school.

（1）What is the main purpose of the first paragraph?

A. To show how valuable the service is.

B. To introduce the new online photo-map of China.

C. To show the importance of the new online photo-map.

D. To tell how popular the new online photo-map is in China.

（2）According to the Bureau, Map World_______.

A. only has images of China

B. will need another two years to complete

C. needs further development

D. begins with the Great Wall

（3）What disadvantages does Map World have, compared with Google Earth?

A. Information is updated much less often.

B. It provided less clear images of places.

C. Its machines are less high technology.

D. It only has black and white images.

（4）What is the passage probably taken from?

A. A notebook

B. A guide book

C. A story book

D. A newspaper

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】大意：上个月，中国启动了官方的在线地图服务——世界地图。国家测绘局局长徐德明表示：通过这项免费的在线服务，用户可以飞越世界各地的山脉和山谷，免费搜索全国各地的餐馆和交通信息。

（1）段落大意题。根据there's now a new free online map you can use.可知第一段主要介绍新在线免费地图，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据 The technology（技术） and website are still at an early stage. The images from inside China are detailed. Users can see close pictures of roadsides. But the views of places outside China are less clear. The bureau said it will continue developing Map World.可知，世界地图还需要进一步发展，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据 Our map service can update（更新） data about twice a year, but Google Earth can update its information every couple of minutes, through satellites,可知，信息更新的频率要低得多。故选A。

（4）推断题。本文主要介绍在线地图服务——世界地图，这篇文章应该等在报纸上，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题的关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。

8．阅读理解

At some point in life, many people develop a mental （精神） problem.

While most people get over it, for others it doesn't go away easily.

The WHO says that about 20 percent of teenagers worldwide suffer from mental illness. It's thought that the number of teenagers with mental illness around the world will increase by half by 2020. It will become one of the main causes of illness, and even death.

In China, the picture isn't bright, either. About one tenth of teenagers under the age of 17 have a mental health challenge.

The world is changing fast. Study and relationships have always caused stress, but today the stress is much higher than before, the WHO said.

A research centre in Oxford University says that young people today have big stresses at school. For example, they experience bullying （欺凌）. In a 2017 report, the centre noted that the Internet was a special source （渠道）of stress. Online, young people often see "messages about perfection" and this causes the young "great uncertainty about their futures", says the centre.

Also, according to China Daily, Chinese people don't ask for help with their mental problems. They fear that others will think less of them if they say that they are in mental trouble. Elaine Peng, a US mental health educator, makes a similar point. And in the UK, over three quarters of young people believe their mental problems have a social stigma. It is reported in 2017 that a quarter of young UK people wouldn't ask for help if they developed a mental problem.

Young people who don't ask for help for their condition may be creating problems for themselves in the future. Elaine Peng warned that, "If we hide our mental health, it may remain a problem forever."

"My message for young people is, if you feel something is wrong within you—ask for help," he told China Daily.

（1）Which of the following is NOT the cause of stress according to the passage?

A. Heavy schoolwork

B. Being bullied at school.

C. Some information from the Internet.

D. Certainty about the future.

（2）Why don't Chinese people ask for help with their mental problems?

A. They don't think them serious.

B. They can get over them in time.

C. They can keep their mental health secret.

D. They are afraid of being looked down upon.（3）What does the underlined word "stigma" most probably mean in Chinese?

A. 羞耻

B. 印象

C. 援助

D. 危害（4）Elaine Peng advised the teenagers with mental illness to ______.

A. think less of themselves

B. avoid being bullied

C. ask for help as soon as possible

D. stay away from the Internet.

（5）The main purpose of the passage is to ______.

A. ask research centers for help

B. tell about teenagers' stresses

C. call public attention on teenagers with mental illness

D. show some different opinions from different countries

【答案】（1）D

（2）D

（3）A

（4）C

（5）C

【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述世界上许多人有精神疾病，到2020年世界上有一半的青

少年患精神方面的疾病。精神疾病将成为主要的疾病甚至导致死亡，研究表明引起精神异

常的原因是压力过大而没有及时找医生疏导导致的。

（1）细节题。根据young people today have big stresses at school. they experience bullying （欺凌）. the Internet was a special source （渠道） of stress.可知，研究表明压力的原因来

自于过重的学业，学校的欺凌，已经互联网上一些不良信息导致的，D描述与原文不一致，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据They fear that others will think less of them if they say that they are in mental trouble.可知，他们害怕其他人瞧不起他们，故选D。

（3）词义猜测题。根据And in the UK, over three quarters of young people believe their mental problems have a social stigma.可知，在英国，超过4分之三的年轻人认为他们的精神

疾病是社会的耻辱，推出stigma的意思是“羞耻”，故选A。

（4）推断题。根据If we hide our mental health, it may remain a problem forever.可知，如果

躲避我们的精神健康，它可能拥有是一个问题，推出Elaine Peng建议患有精神疾病的青少

年应尽快就医，故选C。

（5）推断题。通过分析可知，作者讲述世界上越来越多的青少年患有精神疾病目的是唤

起全社会对患有精神异常的青少年关注，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题、推断题和词义猜测题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题

需要从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；词句猜测题需要联系

上下文，推出词句的意思。

二、中考英语完形填空（含答案详细解析）

9．完形填空

I will never forget the Sunday afternoons I spent at my grandfather's farm in western Pennsylvania when I was a little boy. Miles of winding stone walls around the house provided endless hours of 1 for a city kid like me.

I can still remember one afternoon when I was eight years old. Since my first visit to the

2 , I'd wanted to be allowed to climb the stone walls around the farm. My parents would never approve（赞同）. Still, my wish to climb across those walls grew so

3 . One spring afternoon, I picked up all my courage and

4 the living room, where the adults were sitting and talking over tea after dinner.

"Can I climb the stone walls?" I asked. Immediately the women in the room cried. "Heavens, no! You'll 5 yourself!" I wasn't too disappointed; their reply was just as I'd expected. But before I could leave the room, my 6 stopped me. "Wait a minute." I heard him say, "Let the boy climb the stone walls. He has to 7 to do things for himself."

"Hurry up," he said to me, "and come and see me when you get back". For the next two and a half hours I climbed those old walls and had the 8 of my life. Later I met with my grandfather to tell him about my adventure（冒险）. I'll never forget what he said. "Fred," he

said, smiling, "you made this day a 9 day just by being yourself. Always 10 , there's only one person in this whole world like you, and I like you exactly as you are."

1. A. sadness B. pity C. fun D. puzzle

2. A. farm B. house C. home D. room

3. A. weak B. high C. low D. strong

4. A. visited B. entered C. saw D. left

5. A. enjoy B. hurt C. forget D. lose

6. A. mother B. father C. grandfather D. friend

7. A. agree B. finish C. promise D. learn

8. A. time B. love C. regret D. failure

9. A. terrible B. difficult C. special D. hopeless

10. A. hope B. forget C. value D. remember

【答案】（1）C；（2）A；（3）D；（4）B；（5）B；（6）C；（7）D；（8）A；（9）C；（10）D；

【解析】【分析】【文章大意】本文主要讲述了是作者小时候在爷爷家的农场是如何度过一个难忘的周日下午。

（1）句意：数英里的石墙为这个城市孩子提供了无尽的有趣的时间。考查词义辨析，A 悲伤；B可惜；C有趣；D迷惑，根据文章第一句I will never forget the Sunday afternoons I spent at my grandfather's farm in western Pennsylvania when I was a little boy.可知是有趣的时光，故选C。

（2）句意：既然是我第一次参观农场，我早就希望能被允许爬上农场周围的石墙。考查上下文的理解，根据下一句I'd wanted to be allowed to climb the stone walls around the farm. 可知是第一次参观农场，故选A。

（3）句意：仍然，我想翻越石墙的愿望变得如此强烈。考查词义辨析及上下文的理解，A 弱的；B高的；C低的；D强烈的，强壮的，根据上一句My parents would never approve （赞同）.和Still, 可知尽管父母不同意，我的愿望仍然强烈，故选D。

（4）句意：一个春天的下午，我鼓足勇气走进起居室。考查词义辨析及上下文理解，A 访问，参观；B进入；C看见；D离开，根据下文 "Can I climb the stone walls?" I asked. 可知是作者进屋请求大人的允许，故选B。

（5）句意：天啊，不行，你会伤着你自己的！考查词义辨析及上下文理解，A喜欢；B受伤；C忘记；D丢失，根据上文可知作者要翻越石墙，请求大人的允许，大人们担心会伤着作者，故选B。

（6）句意：我还没来得及离开房间，我的爷爷阻止了我。考查上下文的理解，根据下文Later I met with my grandfather to tell him about my adventure（冒险）.可知是爷爷阻止了我，故选C。

（7）句意：他不得不学会自己做事情。考查词义辨析及上下文理解，A同意；B结束；C 答应；D学会，根据上一句Let the boy climb the stone walls.可知是让作者学会自己做事情，故选D。

（8）句意：在接下来的两个半小时里，我爬了这些石墙，度过了我一生中最美好的时

光。have the time of one's life 是固定词组“度过一生中最美好的时光”，故选A。

（9）句意：做你自己，让今天成为特别的一天。考查词义辨析及上下文的理解，A糟糕的；B困难的；C特殊的；D没有希望的，根据文章第一句可知作者在爷爷家度过了难忘的

一天，所以今天对作者来说是特殊的一天，故选C。

（10）句意：记住，世界上只有一个人像你，而我喜欢你本来的样子。考查词义辨析，A

希望；B忘记；C有价值；D记住，爷爷是要作者记住下面的这句话，故选D。

【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读全文，掌握大意。考虑语境，上下文呼应，运用逻辑思

维进行推理，再根据自己最有把握的、最熟悉的短语、习惯用语、动词形式和句子结构等

各种因素加在一起综合考虑，仔细推敲进行选择。最后复查核对，决定取舍。

10．阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白出

的最佳选项。

It's March 12th. Li Li and Lin Tao are digging on a hill nor far from their school. In China, people across the country plant trees 1 on this day.

The idea of planting trees was first put forward in 1911 by Sun Zhongshan, the great 2 in China's history. He said more trees were needed as a 3 against flood（洪水）and drought. In 1915, April 5th was named as Tree Planting Day. Then, in 1979, the day 4 to March 12th, to 5 the date on which Sun Zhongshan died.

"Everyone has heard of the Great Wall of China," says Li Li. "But have you heard of the Green Wall of China? That's the biggest tree planting 6 of all. "The Gobi Desert in the north of China was 7 every year. So in 1978, a tree planting project was started to 8 Gobi spreading. The government and local farmers have been planting millions of trees to build a great green "wall" along the edge of the desert.

"Tree planting has become a tradition in China now," says Lin Tao. "Almost everyone does it on March 12th. Many people also plant a tree on a 9 day. My parents planted a tree when started school. And my cousin planted 10 on his wedding （婚礼） day. We do it for the environment and for ourselves."

1. A. silently B. wisely C. completely D. actively

2. A. artist B. engineer C. pioneer D. musician

3. A. protection B. position C. preparation D. direction

4. A. taken B. decided C. changed D. given

5. A. value B. remember C. express D. admire

6. A. research B. survey C. project D. success

7. A. growing B. appearing C. losing D. happening

8. A. keep B. have C. help D. stop

9. A. different B. special C. basic D. simple

10. A. one B. that C. it D. this

【答案】（1）D；（2）C；（3）A；（4）C；（5）B；（6）C；（7）A；（8）D；（9）B；（10）A；

【解析】【分析】文章大意：植树节的由来以及植树所取得的成果。

（1）句意：在中国，今天全国人民都在积极植树。A 默默地；B 明智地；C 完全地；D 积

极地。根据后文中的语句"Tree planting has become a tradition in China now," says Lin Tao. "Almost everyone does it on March 12th.理解可知，在中国，人们都积极植树，故选D。

（2）句意：植树的想法最早是1911年由中国历史上的伟大先驱孙中山提出的。A 画家；

B 工程师；

C 先驱；

D 音乐人。根据常识可知，孙中山被称为“国父”，故选C。

（3）句意：他说需要更多的树木来抵御洪水和干旱。A 保护；B 位置；C 准备；D 方向。

根据下文语句The government and local farmers have been planting millions of trees to build a great green "wall" along the edge of the desert.理解可知，种植树木目的是保护环境，故选A。

（4）句意：然后，在1979年，这一天改为3月12日，以纪念孙中山去世的日子。第一

个空格，A 带走；B 决定；C 更改；D 给予。由上文语句 In 1915, April 5th was named as Tree Planting Day. 提示可知，植树节的日期发生了改变，故选C；第二个空格，A 价值；B 记住；C 表达；D 敬仰。3月12日定为植树节的主要原因就是纪念孙中山先生，故选B。

（5）句意：这是最大的植树工程。A 研究；B 调查；C 工程；D 成功。植树造林是一项工程，故选C。

（6）句意：中国北方的戈壁沙漠每年都在蔓延。A 生长；B 出现；C 消失；D 发生。根据

下文语句So in 1978, a tree planting project was started to stop Gobi spreading. 理解可知，沙

漠每年都在不断的扩张蔓延，故选A。

（7）句意：1978年，为了阻止戈壁的蔓延，一项植树造林工程开始了。固定短语stop doing sth停止做某事，故选D。

（8）句意：许多人在特殊的日子也种了一棵树。A 不同的；B 特殊的；C 基础的；D 单一的。根据下文的语句My parents planted a tree when started school. And my cousin planted one on his wedding （婚礼） day.理解可知，有些人在一些特殊的节日里也进行植树，故选B。

（9）句意：我表哥在他结婚那天种了一棵树。A 一个；B 那个；C 它；D 这个。根据语境

理解，人们在特殊节日的时候种植一棵树的目的就是具有纪念意义，也算是为保护环境做

贡献。故选A。

【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺

单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。

11．阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳答案。

Last year, we took a trip to New York City. When we arrived at our 1 , it was around 2 a. m. My son, Joseph, looked out at the lights of Times Square and said he wanted to go 2 . I told him it was too 3 to go out, but he kept looking out of the window and said, "Just for two minutes."

My wife and I just looked at each other, smiled and said, "Two minutes." We got dressed and walked into the center of Times Square. 4 we got there, my son pointed at the lights and said, "Dad, 5 !" And then he started to fall asleep. So we had go back to the hotel.

It took us 20 minutes to 6 for the 20 seconds we spent outside, but it made our son 7 and that meant a lot to us. That night, I learned a lesson about happiness. We sometimes

have chances to 8 happy moments in our lives, but we often find 9 to do something else.

Because of my son, I learned that I am the biggest enemy to my own happiness.

10 happiness is a door that is always open, we are the ones who have to decide if we are going to walk through the door.

1. A. restaurant B. bank C. supermarket D. hotel

2. A. inside B. outside C. back D. home

3. A. hot B. early C. late D. cold

4. A. If B. Unless C. Because D. When

5. A. listen B. touch C. look D. smile

6. A. make rules B. get ready C. do sports D. have dinner

7. A. sad B. happy C. bored D. patient

8. A. create B. forget C. waste D. avoid

9. A. a place B. a book C. an excuse D. an order

10. A. Because B. Although C. Unless D. As soon as

【答案】（1）D；（2）B；（3）C；（4）D；（5）C；（6）B；（7）B；（8）A；（9）C；（10）B；

【解析】【分析】本文讲述了作者通过领儿子去看路灯，而明白了人生真理，幸福是一扇

永远敞开的门，但是我们必须决定是否要穿过这扇门。

（1）句意：当我们到达酒店时，大约是凌晨2点。 A饭店，B银行，C超市，D酒店，前

文提到作者是去伦敦旅行，故此处应选择hotel，故选D。

（2）句意：我的儿子约瑟夫看着时代广场的灯光，说他想出去。A在里面，B在外面，C

在后面，D在家，时代广场的灯光应是“在外面”，故选B。

（3）句意：我告诉他现在太晚了，不能出去。A热的，B早的，C晚的，D冷的，前文提

到此时己是夜里两点，可知此处应选late，故选C。

（4）句意：我们到了那里，我儿子指着灯说，“爸爸，快看！”然后他就睡着了。 A如果，B除非，C因为，D当……的时候，根据 my son pointed at the lights and said，可知此处

指时间概念，故是when，故选D。

（5）句意：我们到了那里，我儿子指着灯说，“爸爸，快看！”然后他就睡着了。A听，B

触摸，C看，D微笑，根据 kept looking out of the window，可知是去看灯，故选C。

（6）句意：我们花了20分钟准备，就为了在外面呆了20秒钟，但是这让我们的儿子很

开心，这对我们来说意义重大。A制定规则，B准备，C作运动，D吃晚餐，get ready for…，固定搭配，为……做准备，故选B。

（7）句意：我们花了20分钟就为了在外面呆了20秒钟，但是这让我们的儿子很开心，

这对我们来说意义重大。A悲伤的，B开心的，C无聊的，D耐心的，根据I learned a lesson about happiness，我学到了快乐的一课可知是开心的，故选B。

（8）句意：我们有时有机会在生活中创造快乐的时刻，但是我们经常会找借口做其他事情。 A创造，B忘记，C浪费，D避免，根据 happy moments，可知快乐的时刻不是忘记，

浪费或避免的，逻辑不合理，故选A。

（9）句意：我们有时有机会在生活中创造快乐的时刻，但是我们经常会找借口做其他事情。A一个地方，B一本书，C一个借口，D一个命令，根据to do something else，可知是

找借口去做别的事情，故选C。

（10）句意：尽管幸福是一扇永远敞开的门，但是我们必须决定是否要穿过这扇门。 A因为，B尽管，C除非，D一……就，根据 a door that is always open和 decide if we are going to walk through ，可知此处是让步状语从句，故用although，故选B。

【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然

后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍

检查验证。

12．阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。

When I was a junior high school student in 1980, God gave me a gift. It was happiness.

One weekend, I went to visit my grandparents in the countryside. On my way home, a car ran over me and cut off my arms because of its high speed.

Several days later when I woke up at the hospital, I realized I had to spend the rest of my life 1 arms. How sad I felt at that time! Even I was full of fears, but slowly I knew I had to face the fact and got over it. 1 couldn't get my arms back even though I 2 every day.

However, it's easier 3 than done. It took me nearly half a year to get out of the sadness 4 . I got so much from my past story. From then on, I could treat my life with a usual mind. But

in our daily life, I often see my classmates 5 about little things: They get a bad grade on a test; their bus comes 6 ; they don't have a mobile phone but 7 have, and so on. But I only 8 life. I was lucky to realize from an accident: It is a waste of our life to pay attention to what you have 9 . We should always think of what we have. So why are so many people unhappy? Someone may say, "My whole life would improve if I have a new car." But when you get the car and what 10 ? For a whole week you are walking on air. Then you

go right back to being unhappy.

Happiness depends on what we have! It's in our heart. Happiness comes from knowing the art

of appreciating（感激） and taking pleasure in what you really have.

1. A. with B. without C. for D. on

2. A. cried B. laughed C. sat D. stood

3. A. dreamed B. acted C. called D. said

4. A. strongly B. especially C. completely D. quietly

5. A. get excited B. get nervous C. get serious D. get worried

6. A. early B. first C. fast D. late

7. A. the other B. one another C. other D. others

8. A. hate B. dislike C. enjoy D. save

9. A. lost B. had C. found D. spent

10. A. happens B. takes place C. used D. uses

【答案】（1）B；（2）A；（3）D；（4）C；（5）D；（6）D；（7）D；（8）C；（9）A；（10）A；

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文叙述了作者自从在车祸中失去了胳膊之后所领悟到的幸福的含义，幸福是一种心态。

（1）句意：几天之后我在医院醒来时，我意识到自己得在没有双臂的情况下度过余生。考查介词辨析及上下文理解，A有，和，随着；B没有；C为了；D在……上面，根据上文On my way home, a car ran over me and cut off my arms because of its high speed.可知是没有了双臂，故选B。

（2）句意：即使我每天哭，也不能重新得到我的双臂。考查动词辨析及上下文理解，A 哭；B笑；C坐；D站着，根据上文Even I was full of fears, but slowly I knew I had to face the fact and got over it.可知我得接受现实，此处说明原因，每天哭是没有用的，故选A。（3）句意：然而，说总比做起来容易。考查动词辨析及上下文理解，A梦想；B行动；C 打电话，称呼；D说，上文提到我知道自己不能用哭解决问题，而下文提到花了半年时间才完全从悲伤中恢复过来，所以说比做容易，故选D。

（4）句意：花了半年时间我才完全从悲伤中恢复过来。考查副词辨析，A强烈地；B尤其；C完全地；D安静地，根据上下文可知是花了半年完全地恢复了，故选C。

（5）句意：但是在我的日常生活中，我经常看到周围的一些同学因为一些小事而感到担忧。考查短语辨析及上下文理解，A兴奋的；B紧张的；C严肃的；D担忧的，上文提到From then on, I could treat my life with a usual mind.此处是转折，用get worried与a usual mind形成对比，故选D。

（6）句意：他们的公共汽车来晚了。考查副词辨析及上下文理解，A早；B第一；C快；D晚，上文提到我经常看到周围的一些同学因为一些小事而感到担忧，所以这里应该是车晚点了这样的小事，故选D。

（7）句意：他们没有手机而别人有。考查不定代词辨析，A两者当中的另外一个；B互相，C另一个，形容词，不能单独使用；D其他人，此处表示其他人，故选D。

（8）句意：但是我只享受生活。考查动词辨析，A讨厌；B不喜欢；C享受；D节省，上文提到同学们因为一些小事担心，这里表示转折，我对待生活的态度只有珍惜和享受，故选C。

（9）句意：关注那些你已经失去的东西是对生命的浪费。考查动词辨析及上下文理解，A 失去；B拥有；C发现；D花费，根据下文We should always think of what we have.此处作者认识到不要关注已经失去的，与下文呼应，故选A。

（10）句意：但是当你拥有了车的时候，又会怎么样呢？考查动词辨析及上下文理解，A 发生；B发生，事先计划好的；C使用，过去式；D使用，一般现在时中单三形式，根据上文Someone may say, "My whole life would improve if I have a new car."和下文For a whole week you are walking on air. Then you go right back to being unhappy. 可知有了车能怎样，what happens会怎么样，故选A。

【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读全文，掌握大意。考虑语境，上下文呼应，运用逻辑思

维进行推理，再根据自己最有把握的、最熟悉的短语、习惯用语、动词形式和句子结构等各种因素加在一起综合考虑，仔细推敲进行选择。最后复查核对，决定取舍。

13．阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意。然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。

Have you ever blown dandelion seeds to make a wish? Me too. Have you ever eaten a dandelion （蒲公英）? Me neither.

"Time to go, Athena," Mama said from the sidewalk. She 1 open the car door waiting for me. I stepped in the car with my hook. "She knew I didn't eat dandelions. Why did I have to pick them with my family every spring?" I thought.

My father and grandmother smiled from the front seats of the car. I turned and 2 to Brigid, the girl who had just moved in. She stood across the street and watched. I was glad she didn't ask where we were going.

We rode into the 3 , not too far from our house just outside Chicago. I set down my book feeling the warm breeze. I told the wind, "I hope we are not there yet."

I had never seen anyone in the field with us, but I was always 4 that someone would notice us picking dandelions. People in America pulled dandelions from their yards. What would the new neighbors think if they found out our family ate weeds （杂草）?

We drove west until the houses stopped. Then we stopped. We walked through a large field. Hundreds of yellow flowers 5 over the soft earth. I looked for a place to hide.

"What's the matter with you, Athena?" Granny asked. "Nothing," I said. "But why do we eat dandelions? No one else does." "The best 6 in the world." Granny answered.

It seemed to take hours to fill the bags. By the time we were ready to leave, we had enough dandelions. On the way home, Mama and Granny talked about hosting a dinner party for the new neighbors.

The night of the party, Brigid arrived with her parents. Mama served octopus with onions, peppers stuffed with lamb and rice, and horta made of dandelions. Our guests ate everything. Brigid tastedthe octopus and the lamb. Then she put her fork on the horta. "Wait!" I said. Too late. "You ate the dandelions!" I told her 7 "Not bad," she said and ate another bite. We both laughed.

After dinner, Brigid and I went to the backyard. The stars reminded me of dandelions in the softfield. I closed my eyes and made a 8 to be as open-minded as my family and my new friends.

1. A. pushed B. broke C. held D. Knocked

2. A. waved B. ran C. talked D. drove