高中英语阅读理解之主旨大意

阅读理解--主旨大意

A.设题方式

①.考查文章的中心思想

②.考查文章标题的选择

③.考查作者的写作态度和意图

B.干扰项特点

①. 以偏概全。干扰项只阐述了文章的一部分内容，也就是文章的局部信息。

②. 断章取义。

③. 主题扩大。干扰项所归纳、概括的范围过大，超过文章实际所讨论的内容。

④. 张冠李戴。

⑤. 无中生有或似是而非。

C.解题指导

1.分清主次，抓住主干，找出主题句。

主题句是归纳表达文章中心思想的句子,它的出现有四种情况:

1）主题句在开头｡

2）主题句在结尾｡注意：so \therefore\thus \in short\ as a result\that is why 等词。

3）快速浏览每段首尾两句来确定每段的主题句，从而确定文章的主题句。

(1). Every day we experience one of the wonders of the world around us without even realizing it. It is not the amazing complexity of television. Nor the impressive technology of transport. The universal wonder we share and experience is our ability to make noises with our mouths, and so transmit ideas and thoughts to each other‗s minds. This ability comes so naturally that we tend to forget what a miracle（奇迹）it is.

75. This passage is mainly about_________. （节选自文章第一段）

A. the development of body language

B. the special role humans play in nature

C. the power to convey information to others

D. the difference between humans and animals in language use

(2). My few minutes with Mr. Galbreath changed my life. Now I try to treat everyone with respect, no matter who I think they are, and no matter another human being with kindness and sincerity.

59. What is the message mainly expressed in the story? （节选自文章最后一段）

A. We should learn to be generous.

B. It is honorable to help those in need.

C. People in high positions are not like what we expect.

D. We should avoid judging people by their appearances.

(3). We often don‘t remember things as well when we‘re trying to mana ge several details at the same time. Without mental focus, we may not pay enough attention to new information coming in, so it never makes it into our memory stores. That is one of the main reasons we forget people‘s names---even sometimes right after they have introduced themselves. Multitasking can also affect our relationships. If someone checks their e-mail while on the phone with a friend, they may come off as absent-minded or disinterested. It can also cause that person to miss or overlook key information being passed on to them.

52. What is the main idea of the passage? （选自文章最后一段）

A. Multitasking has become a way of life.

B. Multitasking often leads to efficiency decline.

C. Multitasking exercises need to be improved.

D. Multitasking enables people to remember things better.

4）但是有些文章和段落无明显的主题句,只是暗示性地体现主题｡这就要根据文章中的事实或线索来概括和总结文章的大意｡

2.理清层次关系,，选出最佳标题

干扰项往往是局部信息，是某一小节或文章里的某一句。

(4). When you‘re lying on the white sands of the Mexican Riviera, the stresses(压力) of the world seem a million miles away. Hey, stop! This is no vacation-you have to finish something!

49. What would be the best title for the text? （节选自文章第一段）

A．Adventures in Travel Writing B．Working as a Food Critic

C．Travel Guides on the Market D．Vacationing for a Living

(5). Too much TV-watching can harm children‘s ability to learn and even reduce their chan ces of getting a college degree, new studies suggest in the latest effort to examine the effects of television on children.

67. What would be the best title for this text? （节选自文章第一段）

A. Computers or Television

B. Effects of Television on Children

C. Studies on TV and College Education

D. Television and Children's Learning Habits

(6). To err is human. To blame the other guy is even more human.

Common sense is not all that common.

Why tell the truth when you can come up with a good excuse?

These three popular misquotes(戏谑的引语)are meant to be jokes, and yet they tell us a lot about human nature . To err, or to make mistakes, is indeed a part of being human, but it seems that most people don‘t want to accept the responsibility for the problem. Perhaps it is the natural thin g to do. The original quote about human nature went like this:‖ To err is human, to forgive, divine(神圣的). ‖This saying mirrors an ideal: people should be forgiving of others‘ mistakes. Instead, we tend to do the opposite –find someone else to pass the blame on to. However, taking responsibility for something that went wrong is a making of great maturity.

55. What would be the best title for his passage? （节选自文章第一部分）

A. A Mirror of Human Nature

B. To Blame or to Forgive

C. A Mark of Maturity

D. Truth or Excuse

3.抓住关键词，判断作者意图

在阅读时应特别注意文章的措辞,尤其注意那些表达感情色彩的形容词，以及作者对人物语言､行为和思想的描写,从中领悟作者的写作意图和态度｡

(7). The world of make-believe is not necessarily bad. But when the world of fantasy becomes the only outlet(出路) for our sense of wonder, then we are really missing something. We are missing a connection with the living world. Other wonderful worlds exist all around us. But even more