高中英语阅读理解经典例题 百度文库
一、高中英语阅读理解
1．阅读理解
It was the beginning of 2011. I had just finished filming the first season of Game of Thrones(《权利的游戏》). With almost no professional experience, I had been given the role of Daenerys Targaryen. The show was so successful that young girls would dress themselves up as Daenerys for Halloween.
And yet, terrified of the attention, terrified of trying to make good on the faith that the creators had put in me, I worked much harder.
On the morning of February 11, 2011, I was getting dressed in a gym when I started to feel a bad headache. I was so exhausted that I could barely put on my sneakers. I tried to ignore the pain, but I couldn't. I reached the toilet and sank to my knees. A woman came to help me. Then everything became unclear. I only remember the sound of an ambulance.
That operation lasted three hours. When I woke, the pain was unbearable. After four days, they moved me out of the I.C.U. (重症监护室). But one day when a nurse asked me, as part of a series of cognitive (认知的) exercises, " What's your name?", I couldn't remember my name and I felt terrified: I am an actor; I need to remember my lines. Now, I couldn't recall my name.
The phenomenon is called aphasia. Then I was sent back to the I.C.U. and, after about a week, I was able to speak and know my name. And I was also aware that there were people in the beds around me who didn't make it out of the I.C.U. I was continually reminded of just how fortunate I was.
I rarely gave a thought to my health. Nearly all I thought about was acting. I thought of myself as healthy. Once in a while, I would get dizzy. When I was fourteen, I had a migraine (偏头痛) that kept me in bed for a couple of days. But it all seemed manageable — part of the stress of being an actor. Now I think I might have been experiencing warning signs of what was to come.
Anyway, there is something pleasant about coming to the end of Thrones. And I'm so happy to be here to see the beginning of whatever comes next.
（1）The author felt terrified after acting in the first season of Game of Thrones because _____.
①she felt nervous about the public attention.
②she had been criticized for her lack of experience.
③she was experiencing some warning signs of a serious illness.
④she wasn't sure if she had perform ed well in Season 1.
A. ①④
B. ②③
C. ①②
D. ③④
（2）When did the author lose consciousness?
A. After she took an operation.
B. After a woman came to her rescue in a gym.
C. When trying to ignore a headache while working out.
D. When knowing many patients wouldn't survive the illness.
（3）A patient who is suffering from aphasia ______.
A. cannot move his or her body
B. will fall into serious depression
C. must undergo brain surgery at once
D. is not able to remember things from the past （4）What can you infer from the end of the passage?
A. The author feels very lucky to be an actress.
B. The author is quite confident about her role.
C. The author can't go on acting due to the illness.
D. The author will pay more attention to her health.
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）D
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己在作为一名演员对待工作非常认真努力却忽视了自己的身体健康，直到有一天她晕倒并进了重症病房接受治疗，她才意识到要重视身体健康。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“With almost no professional experience, I had been given the role of Daenerys Targaryen. ”由于几乎没有任何专业经验，我得到了丹妮莉丝·坦格利安这个角色。可知作者觉得她认为自己没经验害怕不能很好完成；“And yet, terrified of the attention, terrified of trying to make good on the faith that the creators had put in me, I worked much harder.” 然而，由于害怕受到关注，害怕兑现创作者对我的信任，我更加努力地工作。可知作者害怕公众的关注。故选A。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“A woman came to help me. Then everything became unclear.”可知，一个女人来帮助我。然后一切都变得模糊不清。作者是一个女人在健身房里救了她之后失去意识的。故选B。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“B ut one day when a nurse asked me, as part of a series of cognitive (认知的) exercises, ‘ What's your name?’, I couldn't remember my name and I felt terrified: I am an actor; I need to remember my lines. Now, I couldn't recall my name.”这个过程的描述可知，患有失语症者会记不得事情，哪怕是自己的姓名。故一个患有失语症的病人会不记得过去的事情。故选D。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Anyway, there is something pleasant about coming to the end of Thrones. And I'm so happy to be here to see the beginning of whatever comes next.”可知，不管怎样，能演完《权力的游戏》是一件令人愉快的事情。我很高兴还在这里，见证未来的开始。所以通过这次生病，作者意识到自己的健康出了问题，但作者很感激自己身体还是很健康，判断出作者将来会更加注意她的健康。更好地演戏。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
2．阅读理解
During your four years in the college, you'll have many exciting choices to make, the first of which will be your course selection for your first semester. The beauty of this choice is that you can't go wrong! No matter which one of our First-Year Options you select to apply for, you will
create a rich intellectual experience to begin your college career.
Option 1: Liberal Arts Seminar
The Liberal Arts Seminar is a multidisciplinary(多学科的)course that explores the cultural history of the Mediterranean through fictional and nonfictional books.
Fall schedule: When Registration opens, you will select between one and four additional courses to complete your schedule.
Option 2: FLL Hager Scholars Program
The FLL Hager Scholars Program is designed with our most ambitious students of languages and linguistics in mind, and is designed to create for them both a sense of community and opportunities for intellectual growth.
Fall schedule: When Registration opens, you will select between one and three additional courses to complete your schedule.
Option 3: Ignatius Seminars
Offered only in the first semester, Ignatius Seminars introduce students to the depth and diversity of Georgetown's dynamic intellectual community.
Fall schedule: When Registration opens, you will select three or four additional courses to complete your schedule.
Option 4: Traditional First-Year Academic Program
With this program, you'll take your first step into the college's rich and varied core courses and explore your fields of interest in free optional coursework.
Fall schedule: When Registration opens, you will build a schedule of four or five additional courses from the full college curriculum.
（1）How do students learn the cultural history of the Mediterranean?
A. By completing the schedule.
B. By writing fictional books.
C. By selecting l or 4 courses.
D. By reading materials of this area.
（2）Which program is suitable for a student interested in languages?
A. Option 1.
B. Option 2.
C. Option 3.
D. Option 4.
（3）What's a possible reason for choosing Option 4?
A. It is designed for language learners.
B. It provides various courses for free.
C. It introduces you to areas of interest.
D. It is only offered in the first semester.
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）C
【解析】【分析】本文是是一篇说明文，在大学的四年里，你会有很多令人兴奋的选择，第一个是你第一学期的课程选择。这个选择的美妙之处在于你不会出错！无论你选择申请哪一个，你都将为你的大学生涯创造一个丰富的智力体验。作者介绍了大学生对课程的四种选择。
（1）考查细节理解。根据Option 1:Liberal Arts Seminar部分中的“The Liberal Ar ts Seminar is a multidisciplinary（多学科的）course that explores the cultural history of the Mediterranean through fictional and nonfictional books. ”人文学科研讨会是一门多学科课程，通过虚构和非虚构的书籍探索地中海的文化历史，可知，学生通过虚构和非虚构的书籍探索地中海的文
化历史。由此可知，学生是通过阅读该地区的资料来学习地中海的文化历史的。故选D。（2）考查细节理解。根据Option 2:FLL Hager Scholars Program部分中的“The FLL Hager Scholars Program is designed with our most ambitious students of languages and linguistics in mind, and is designed to create for them both a sense of community and opportunities for intellectual gro wth.”FLL Hager Scholars Program的设计初衷是为我们最具雄心的语言和语言学学生服务，旨在为他们创造一种社区感和智力成长的机会，可知，Option 2的设计初衷是为我们最具雄心的语言和语言学学生服务。可知，对语言感兴趣的学生可以选择Option 2:FLL Hager Scholars Program。故选B。
（3）考查推理判断。根据Option 4: Traditional First-Year Academic Program部分中的“With this program, you'll take your first step into the college's rich and varied core courses and explore your fields of interest in free optional coursework.”有了这个项目，你将迈出你的第一步，进入大学丰富多样的核心课程，在自由选修课程中探索你感兴趣的领域。可知，Option 4在自由选修课程中探索你感兴趣的领域。可推知，Option 4能把你领进你感兴趣的领域，这应该是学生选择Option 4的原因。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
3．阅读理解
When HarmonyOs, the Chinese self-developed operating system for Huawei mobile devices, was released on Aug 9, it quickly became a hot topic on social media. Many believe it not only represents the rise of the country as a tech power, but also shows respect to classical Chinese culture by naming the system "Hongmcng" in Chinese.
"Hongmeng" is a classical word from Zhuangzi. In the ancient times of Chinese legend and myths (神话),"Hongmeng" was used to describe the original state of the universe before matter existed. For HarmonyOS, "Hongmeng" indicates the developers' aim to make an innovative operating system, unlike any other.
Besides "Hongmeng'", Hunwei has also registered many of its products under the names of legendary creatures from Chinese myths. For example, the company's Kirin mobile chip got its name after a lucky monster called "Qilin". And its server chip is calked "Kunpeng", a creature that changed from a fish into a giant bird.
Many Chinese Internet users and media have praised Huawei's use of these names," as they stand for Chinese wisdom and ancient people's imagination and spirit of exploration", Global Times noted.
In fact, Huawei is not alone in using traditional culture for modern ventures. Ne Zha, the new film, also portrays traditional culture in a modern context. The movie is loosely based on the well-known work of classical Chinese myth The Investiture of the Gods. Earlier this month it became the biggest animated movie in China and was called "the glory of domestic anime (国产动漫)".
Indeed, the long history and splendid classic works have given China a profound culture. Myths and legends are the creative works of tremendous imagination. As Global Times put it, today by revisiting a modern context, "ancient myths has the power to inspire imagination in young people". After all, imagination is the beginning of creation.
（1）What do we know about HamonyOS?
A. Its release raised a storm of objections.
B. It is named after creature in myth.
C. It combines high technology and culture.
D. It's the best operating system.
（2）Which of the following best explains "innovative" underlined in Paragraph 2?
A. creative
B. modern
C. popular
D. intelligent
（3）How do the public think of Huawei's use of the names?
A. Confused.
B. Unexpected.
C. Approving.
D. Doubtful.
（4）What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?
A. The film Ne Zha is not adapted from myths.
B. The film Ne Zha is a big hit.
C. More businesses follow Huawei's lead.
D. Ancient myths is a good choice for entertainment.
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，中国自主研发的华为移动设备被命名为"Hongmeng"，体现了现代技术和中国文化的结合。作者对这一命名进行了阐释。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Many believe it not only represents the rise of the country as a tech power, but also shows respect to classical Chinese culture by naming the system ’Hongmeng ‘ in Chinese"可知，许多人认为，它不仅代表了中国作为科技大国的崛起，而且通过将该系统命名为"Hongmcng"来表达对中国古典文化的尊重。由此可知，在很多人看来，它将科技和文化结合在了一起。故选C。
（2）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的"’Hongmeng‘indicates the developers' aim to make an innovative operating system, unlike any other"可知，"Hongmeng"与其他操作系统不一样，由此可知，该操作系统是"创新性的"。故选A。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"Many Chinese Internet users and media have praised Huawei's use of these names"可知，公众表扬这个名字。由此可知，他们是赞成这个名字的。故选C。
（4）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的"Earlier this month it became the biggest animated movie in China and was called 'the glory of domestic anime (国产动漫)'"可知，本月早些时候，《哪吒》成为了中国最大的动画电影，被称为"国产动画的荣耀"。由此可知，《哪吒》这部电影非常成功。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．阅读理解
I visited Elba last June, joining Mary and John on a bicycling vacation. They made the arrangements for the car, hotel and bicycles. I studied the history of the island, which of course
particularly features Napoleon.
Napoleon (now I know) picked Elba as a place for peace when he was forced to give up the throne (王权) as Emperor of France in 1814. Far from being a prison island, Elba is beautiful with towering mountains, thick forests and sweeping bays and beaches.
It is also an island filled with treasure. Very early on this island, locals discovered rich deposits of iron. Soon outsiders, too, discovered the iron and 150 other valuable minerals on this little piece of land. Long before Etruscans and other Greeks set foot on it, Dorians had moved in by the tenth century B. C. and were mining the island. The Romans ruled next, obtaining the minerals and building grand houses overlooking the sea. From the twelfth century until the nineteenth, the island was traded back and forth and was passed to France in 1802. Then came Napoleon, the new ruler of Elba.
I was eager to visit his house in Portoferraio. The Emperor lived with his court and his mother, but his wife, Marie Louise had ensconced herself in the splendid Viennese palace of her father, Emperor of Austria. She lived safely there and showed little interest in visiting her husband in his mini-kingdom. Apparently, Napoleon wasn't troubled much by this. He was too busy riding everywhere on horseback, building roads, modernizing agriculture and, above all, sharpening his tiny army and navy into readiness for his escape.
In the formal gardens behind the house it seemed to me that I could imagine the exiled (流放的) conqueror's anxious thoughts. He might gaze over where I stood now, toward the lighthouse of the Stella fort, the sandy bay, and across it, the green mountains of the Tuscan coast. Napoleon spent only ten months here before making his victorious return to France and the throne.
（1）What did the author do for the visit to Elba?
A. He did research on its past.
B. He arranged transportation.
C. He planned bicycling routes.
D. He booked accommodation.
（2）Who might be the earliest outsiders to Elba according to the text?
A. Napoleon and his army.
B. Etruscans and other Greeks.
C. Dorians.
D. Romans.（3）What does the underlined word "ensconced" probably mean?
A.Settled.
B.Locked.
C.Cured.
D.Controlled.
（4）What came to the author's mind during his visit to Napoleon's gardens?
A.Beautiful views on Elba.
B.Terrible living conditions on Elba.
C.Napoleon's ambition to regain power.
D.Hardship of Napoleon's return to France.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）A
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了对拿破仑曾经流放地Elba岛的参观之
旅，作者介绍了Elba岛的历史背景与拿破仑在岛上的生活事迹。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“I studied the history of the island, which of course particularly features Napoleon.”可知作者为了Elba的此次拜访对它过去的历史做了一些学习和研究，故选A。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Long before Etruscans and other Greeks set foot o n it, Dorians had moved in by the tenth century B. C. and were mining the island.”可知早在伊特鲁里亚人和其他希腊人踏足该岛之前，多里安人在公元前10世纪就已迁入该岛，并在岛上采矿。故Dorians可能是最早到Elba的外来者，故选C。
（3）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“She lived safely there and showed little interest in visiting her husband in his mini-kingdom.”可知Marie Louise住在Viennese很安全，对去她丈夫的小王国探视毫无兴趣。live对应上文的ensconce，意思为“定居；安置”，故选A。（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“In the formal gardens behind the house it seemed to me that I could imagine the exiled (流放的) conqueror's anxious thoughts.”可知在房子后面的花园里，作者仿佛能想象出那个被流放的征服者的焦虑的思想。即作者在参观拿破仑的花园时想到了拿破仑对重新掌权的野心。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，而选出正确答案。
5．阅读理解
FaceApp has taken the world by storm, giving users the chance to see themselves age through its algorithm. 12.7 million people—some three million more than the population of New York City—reportedly downloaded it in one seven-day period last month.
Although the Russian app has become known for its privacy issues, the more interesting lesson of our FaceApp fling (尽情玩乐)is what it tells us about our society—and our future lives. It turns out we are more interested in aging than we realized. I'm surprised by this. Most younger people are in denial (否认)about old age, doing almost nothing to prepare for it. We rarely have a chance to plan for the future, with increasing time and financial pressures. Those pressures bring sacrifices that we may not always want to make: we can no longer afford to spend the time or the money needed to look after our elderly parents.
As a family doctor, I can see the loneliness epidemic developing. Elderly patients come to see me with no particular illness, no clear medical issue. After a few minutes of the consultation, I understand why: they're not sick, and often they don't feel sick. They just need someone—anyone-to talk to.
Although loneliness has no medical classification, the health effects are real: the result of loneliness and isolation can be as harmful to our health as smoking 15 cigarettes a day, and is more damaging than obesity. But loneliness does not come with nearly enough health warnings. So what next? Since 1980, we are living on average 10 years longer. At the same time, people are having fewer and fewer children, and they are having them much later in life. The snake of a world class health service is eating its own tail; its care is prolonging (延长) people's lives, but as
the ratio of pensioners(退休人员)to working -age people increases, there are fewer taxpayers to fund that very health service.
Into this void have stepped NGOs, charities and volunteers. But in the long term, the only way to truly help the oldest meters of our society is to go back to the traditional values of intergenerational(两代间的) cooperation—often under same roof. Ultimately, we will need to evolve towards a culture where elderly care is treated the same as childcare, where employers recognize the duty of someone with an elderly parent the same way they recognize those of someone with a newborn child.
（1）The example of FaceApp is used to _____.
A. prove the popularity of it
B. explain the function of it
C. show the progress of technology
D. introduce the topic of aging and loneliness
（2）What makes elderly people without illness go to see their family doctors?
A. Desire to have the consultation.
B. Strong feeling of loneliness.
C. Unclear medical issues.
D. Questions to ask doctors.
（3）How can the oldest members be truly helped?
A. By being treated as children.
B. By going back to the traditional society.
C. By providing family care.
D. By living with other elderly people under the same roof.（4）What can we learn from the passage?
A. The loneliness of elderly people needs more attention.
B. FaceApp's popularity proves it has no security problems.
C. Health service lacks fund because of prolonged peopled lives.
D. FaceApp is helpful in dealing with elderly peopled loneliness.
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）C
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，作者由FaceApp话题谈到当今的社会现象——老人感到孤独，他们需要关注。作者认为孤独虽不是病，但它能影响人的健康，所以他呼吁人们像关注新生儿那样关注老人。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段"FaceApp has taken the world by storm, giving users the chance to see themselves age through its algorithm. 12.7 million people—some three million more than the population of New York City—reportedly downloaded it in one seven-day period last month. “；第二段中的”...the more interesting lesson of our FaceApp fling (尽情玩乐）is what it tells us about our society—and our future lives. It turns out we are more interested in aging than we realized.“可知，FaceApp已经风靡全球，用户有机会通过它的算法看到自己的年龄。据报道，在上个月的七天时间里，有1270万人下载了这本书，比纽约市的人口多了300万。它告诉了我们关于我们的社会和我们未来的生活。事实证明，我们对衰老的兴趣比我们意识到的更大。作为一名家庭医生，我可以看到孤独感的蔓延。所以FaceApp主要的功能是通过它的算法使用户看到自己的年龄，接着讲述老人所面临的问题—孤独和衰老。故判断出FaceApp的例子是用来介绍衰老和孤独的话题。故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的”As a family doctor, I can see the loneliness epidemic developing. Elderly patients come to see me with no particular illness, no clear medical issue. “可知老人经常去看家庭医生是因为孤独，他们没有生病，只想找人聊聊。故选B。
（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的”But in the long term, the only way to truly help the oldest members of our society is to go back to the traditional values of intergenerational（两代间的） cooperation—often under same roof. Ultimately, we will need to evolve towards a culture wh ere elderly care is treated the same as childcare“,可知从长期来看我们帮助老年成员的方法是和他们一起居住，并且给予他们婴儿般的关爱。故选C。
（4）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的”But loneliness does not come with nearly enough health warnings.“可知老人孤独并没有带来足够的健康警示，故推断人们孤独的老人应该得到更多的关注，选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
6．阅读理解
Hi, I'm Neil Harbisso. I come from a place where the sky is always grey, where flowers are always grey, and where television is still in black and white.
I actually come from a world where color doesn't exist. I was born with achromatopsia. I was born completely color-blind. So I've never seen color, and don't know what it looks like. But since the age of 21, I can hear color thanks to a magic electronic eye called "eyeborg": a color sensor between my eyes connected to a chip(芯片) installed at the back of my head that transforms color frequencies into sound frequencies that I hear through my bone.
I've had the electronic eye permanently attached to my head and I've been listening to colors nonstop since 2004. So I find it completely normal now to hear colors all the time.
Since I started to hear color, my life has changed significantly. Art galleries have become concert halls. I can hear a Picasso. And supermarkets have become like night clubs. I love how they sound.
My sense of beauty has changed. Someone might look very beautiful but sound terrible, and someone might sound very harmonious but look awful. So I find it really exciting to create sound portraits(画像) of people. Instead of drawing the shape of someone's face I write down the different notes I hear when I look at them, and then I send them an mp3 of their face. Each face sounds different. I can even give face concerts now, concerts where I play the audience's faces. The good thing about doing this is that if the concert doesn't sound good, it's their fault.
I also found out that things I thought were colorless are not colorless at all. Cities are not grey. Lisbon is yellow turquoise(宝石绿); London is very golden red…and humans a re not black and white. Human skins range from light shades of orange to very dark shades of orange. We are all orange.
If we extend our senses, we will consequently extend our knowledge.
（1）We can infer from the article that people with achromatopsia ____________.
A. suffer from blindness
B. have a good sense of colors
C. are not able to see colors
D. like to go to concert halls and supermarkets （2）What does the author mean by saying "Art galleries have become concert halls"?
A. Art galleries have been changed into various sounds.
B. Works at the art galleries are created by great musicians.
C. Art galleries are filled with noisy people.
D. The author now likes art galleries as much as concert halls.
（3）Which of the following statements is NOT correct?
A. Neil developed a rare disease in his childhood.
B. The eyeborg produces sounds based on shades of colors.
C. Neil will use the eyeborg for the rest of his life.
D. In Neil's mind, all people are orange.
（4）What is the best title for the passage?
A. Eyeborg–a real life saver.
B. I listen to color.
C. Sense the world.
D. Art galleries turned into concert halls.
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，从小患有色盲的作者，利用颜色传感器来听自己看不见的颜色，从而形成了作者与众不同的美感。作者认为如果我们扩展我们的感官，我们将因此扩展我们的知识。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“I actually come from a world where color doesn't exist.
I was born with achromatopsia. I was born completely color-blind.”我来自一个没有颜色的世界。我生来患有色盲。我生来就是色盲。可推断，患有色盲的人是看不见颜色的。故选C。
（2）考查句义猜测。根据第四段中的“Since I started to hear color, my life has changed significantly.”自从我开始听到颜色，我的生活发生了巨大的变化；以及空后“I can hear a Picasso.”我能听见毕加索的声音。可知作者说"艺术画廊变成了音乐厅"意思是对作者来说，艺术画廊已经变成了各种各样的声音。故选A。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“I actually come from a world where color doesn't exist.
I was born with achromatopsia. I was born completely color-blind.”我来自一个没有颜色的世界。我生来患有色盲。我生来就是色盲。可知A选项"尼尔小时候得了一种罕见的疾病。"错误。故选A。
（4）考查主旨大意。根据第三段中的“I've had the electronic eye permanently attached to my head and I've been listening to colors nonstop since 2004. So I find it completely normal now to hear colors all the time.”我把电子眼固定在头上，从2004年开始我就不停地听彩色音乐。所以我发现现在一直听到颜色是完全正常的。以及文章主要内容为生来是色盲的作者讲述自己听颜色的事情，故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行
分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
7．阅读理解
British Museum Visitor Regulations
Opening hours
We open the Museum's galleries daily from 10：00 am until 17：30 pm. We keep selected galleries open until 20：30 pm on Fridays.
The Museum's Great Court is open from 9:00 am until 18:00 pm; except on Fridays when it remains open until 20:30 pm.
You may be asked by your staff to begin leaving up to ten minutes before closing time.
The Museum is closed 24-26 December and 1 January.
Admission
We warmly welcome you on your visit to the Museum. In the interests of the security of all of our visitors we require you follow these regulations.
Admission to the Museum is free, but we may charge for entry to some temporary exhibitions and events.
Food and drink
You aren't allowed to consume food and drink inside the Museum, except in places such as the restaurant and cafes or the forecourt. Families with children may use the Ford Centre for young visitors in the basement of the Museum's Great Court at weekends and during school holidays.
Animals
If you have a disability, you may be accompanied in the Museum by your guide, assistant or companion animal. You aren't allowed to bring animals into the Museum under any other circumstance.
Film, photography and audio recording
Except the place that are indicated by notices, you're permitted to use hand-held cameras (including mobile phones) with flash bulbs or flash units, and audio and film recording equipment not requiring a stand. You may use your photographs, film and audio recordings only for your own private and non-commercial purposes.
（1）When can visitors visit the Museum?
A. At 18:30 pm on weekends.
B. At 14:00 am on Christmas Day.
C. At 19:00 pm on Fridays.
D. At 11:00 am on New Year's Day.
（2）Who are the regulations mainly intended for?
A. The visitors.
B. The staff.
C. The parents.
D. The children.（3）What can visitors do in the Museum?
A. Eat and drink as they like.
B. Take along their pet dogs.
C. Record films for sale.
D. Take photos for personal purpose.
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了大英博物馆的游客守则。
（1）考查细节理解。根据Opening hours部分中的“The Museum's Great Court is open from 9:00 am until 18:00 pm; except on Friday s when it remains open until 20:30 pm.”及“The Museum is closed 24-26 December and 1 January.”可知，大英博物馆从上午9点开放到下午18点，周五开放到晚上20:30，12月24日至26日圣诞节期间和1月1日新年是闭馆的，由此可知，你可以在星期五晚上19:00去参观，故选C。
（2）考查推理判断。纵观全文，以及标题“British Museum Visitor Regulations”可知，本文介绍的是大英博物馆的游客守则，自然是针对游客的，故选A。
（3）考查细节理解。根据Film, photography and audio recording部分中的“You may use your photographs, film and audio recordings only for your own private and non-commercial purposes.”可知，大英博物馆里允许游客出于个人目的或非商业目的拍照，故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
8．阅读理解
Shark attacks not only disturb beach activities, but can affect associated tourist industries. Shark nets are a common solution to preventing shark attacks on beaches, but they cause dangers to sea ecosystems.
Seeking a cost-effective way to monitor beach safety over large areas, we have developed a system called Shark Spotter. It combines artificial intelligence (AI), computing power, and drone (无人机) technology to identify and warn lifesavers to sharks near swimmers. The project is a cooperation between the University of Technology Sydney and The Ripper Group, which is pioneering the use of drones—called "Westpac Little Ripper Lifesavers"—in the search and rescue movement in Australia.
SharkSpotter can detect sharks and other potential threats using real-time aerial imagery. The system analyses video from a camera attached to a drone to monitor beaches for sharks, send warnings, and conduct rescues. Developed with techniques known as "deep learning", the Shark Spotter system receives imagery from the drone camera and attempts to identify all objects in the scene. Once certain objects are detected, they are put into one of 16 categories: shark, whale, dolphin, rays, different types of boats, surfers, and swimmers.
If a shark is detected, Shark Spotter provides both a visual sign on the computer screen and an audible warning to the operator. The operator confirms the warning and sends text messages from the Shark Spotter system to the Surf Life Savers for further action. In an emergency, the drone is equipped with a lifesaving flotation pod (漂浮仓) together with an electronic shark repellent (驱逐装置) that can be dropped into the water in cases where swimmers are in severe trouble, trapped in a rip, or if there are sharks close by.
In January 2018, the Westpac Little Ripper Lifesavers was used to rescue two young swimmers caught in a rip at Lennox Head, NSW. The drone flew down the beach some 800 meters from the lifeguard station, and a lifesaving flotation pod was dropped from the drone. The complete rescue operation took 70 seconds.
We believe Shark Spotter is a win-win for both marine life and beachgoers. This unique technology combines dynamic video image processing AI and advanced drone technology to
creatively deal with the global challenge of ensuring safe beaches, protecting environments, and promoting tourism.
（1）A Shark Spotter is ________.
A. a solution to monitor sharks
B. an equipment to identify lifesavers
C. a technology to prevent shark attacks
D. a project to pioneer the use of drones
（2）When a shark is spotted near a swimmer, the system will ________.
A. take timely action
B. analyze the visual data
C. classify the identified objects
D. turn on "deep learning" mode
（3）The example in the 5th paragraph shows us that the system is ________.
A. efficient in saving lives
B. effective in detecting sharks
C. smart in driving sharks away
D. practical over the whole sea area
（4）What is the author's attitude towards the future of SharkSpotter?
A.Doubtful.
B.Optimistic.
C.Negative.
D.Objective.
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种旨在防止鲨鱼袭击的技术Shark Spotter 的工作原理以及重要意义。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的”If a shark is detected, Shark Spotter provides both a visual sign on the computer screen and an audible warning to the operator. The operator confirms the warning and sends text messages from the Shark Spotter system to the Surf Life Savers for further action.“如果鲨鱼被发现，Shark Spotter会在电脑屏幕上显示视觉讯号，并向操作员发出听觉警告。操作员确认了警告，并从鲨鱼观测者系统向冲浪救生员发送短信，以便采取进一步行动。可推断出Shark Spotter是一种防止鲨鱼袭击的技术，故选C。（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的”In an emergency, the drone is equipped with a lifesaving flotation pod (漂浮仓) together with an electronic shark repellent (驱逐装置) that can be dropped into the water in cases where swimmers are in severe trouble, trapped in a rip, or if there are sharks cl ose by.“在紧急情况下，无人机配备了一个救生浮选舱和一个电子防鲨器，当游泳者遇到严重麻烦、被困在裂口或附近有鲨鱼时，可以将防鲨器放入水中。可知当在游泳者附近发现鲨鱼时，系统会及时采取行动，故选A。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第五段”In January 2018, the Westpac Little Ripper Lifesavers was used to rescue two young swimmers caught in a rip at Lennox Head, NSW. The drone flew down the beach some 800 meters from the lifeguard station, and a lifesaving flotation pod was dropped from the drone. The complete rescue operation took 70 seconds.“2018年1月，西太平洋小开创者救生员队(Westpac Little Ripper Lifesavers)被用来营救两名在新南威尔士州伦诺克斯海德(Lennox Head)被困的年轻游泳者。这架无人机从距离救生站800米的海滩上飞下来，一个
救生浮筒从无人机上掉了下来。整个营救行动耗时70秒。可推知第五段的例子告诉我们这个系统在拯救生命方面是有效的，故选A。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的”We believe Shark Spotter is a win-win for both marine life and beachgoers.“我们相信Shark Spotter对海洋生物和海滩游客来说都是双赢的。可知作者对Shark Spotter的未来持乐观的态度。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
9．阅读理解
Eating red meat is linked to cancer and heart disease, but are the risks big enough to justify giving up juicy burgers and delicious steaks? Probably not, according to researchers who reviewed data from 12 clinical trials involving about 54,000 people. In a series of controversial papers, the researchers argue that the increased health risks tied to red meat are small and uncertain, and that cutting back likely wouldn't be worth it for people who enjoy meat.
Those conclusions go against established medical advice. They were swiftly attacked by a group of famous U.S. scientists who took the unusual step of trying to stop the papers from being published until their criticisms were addressed.
The new work does not say red or processed meats like hot dogs and bacon are healthy, or that people should eat more of them. The team's reviews of past studies generally support the ties to cancer, heart disease and other bad health outcomes. But the authors say the evidence is weak, and that there's not much certainty meat is really the cause, since other diet and lifestyle factors could be at play.
If the latest example of how divisive nutrition research has become, with its uncertainties leaving the door open for conflicting advice. Critics say findings often aren't backed by strong evidence. Defenders counter that nutrition studies can rarely be conclusive because of the difficulty of measuring the effects of any single food, but that methods have improved.
Based on their analyses, the researchers said people do not have to cut back for health reasons. But they noted that their own advice is weak, and acknowledged that they didn't consider factors such as animal welfare and the environment. Indeed, the case that meat production is bad for animal welfare and the environment is stronger than the case that it's bad for human health, according to an editorial that accompanies the report.
Not all of the report authors agreed with its conclusions. Three of the 14 researchers said they support reducing red and processed meats. A coauthor of one of the reviews is also among those who called for a publication delay.
Those who pushed to postpone publication also questioned why certain studies were included in the reviews while others were left out.
As for his own diet, Dr. Gordon Guyatt, a member of the international research team that conducted the reviews, said he no longer thinks red or processed meats have significant health risks. But he said he still avoids them out of habit, and for animal welfare and environmental reasons.
（1）What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?
A.To introduce a new relationship between health and eating red meat.
B.To urge more people to keep away from eating red meat regularly.
C.To present a new controversial view on impacts of eating red meat.
D.To criticize nutrition studies for lacking of conclusive evidence.
（2）What is the author's attitude towards the new research?
A.Doubtful.
B.Positive.
C.Disapproving.
D.Objective.
（3）Guyatt's avoiding red meats has the weakest connection with_______.
A.health risks
B.diet habits
C.animal welfare
D.environmental protection
（4）What can we learn from the recent research?
A.Red meats don't have significant health risks.
B.Reducing meat consumption will be worth it.
C.The report authors have reached a consensus.
D.Consuming red meat will do good to health.
【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）A
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，作者对于吃红肉是否与癌症和心脏病有关引用了研究发现、结果、例子等客观数据和事实来写这篇文章。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Eating red meat is linked to cancer and heart disease, but are the risks big enough to justify giving up juicy burgers and delicious steaks? Probably not, according to researchers...”可知，吃红肉与癌症和心脏病有关，但是否这些风险大到足以让你放弃多汁的汉堡和美味的牛排呢？根据研究人员研究发现，答案是不一定，引导出了一个关于吃红肉有争议的新观点，故选C。
（2）考查推理判断。根据“according to researchers who reviewed data”，“ the researchers argue that”，“ Those conclusions go against established medical advice”，“ The team's reviews of past studies”“ the latest example”，“ Based on their analyses”等等，可知作者主要引用研究发现、结果、例子等客观数据和事实来写这篇文章，可知作者对新研究的态度是客观的，故选D。
（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“But he said he still avoids them out of habit, and for animal welfare and environmental reasons.”但他说避免吃红肉是出于习惯，也是为了保护动物福利和环境，没有说是健康风险问题，可以判断Guyatt避免吃红肉与健康风险的关系最弱，故选A。
（4）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“The new work does not say red or processed meats like
hot dogs and bacon are healthy, or that people should eat more of them. The team's reviews of past studies generally support the ties to cancer, heart disease and other bad health outcomes. But the authors say the evidence is weak...”这项新研究并没有说红肉或加工肉类如热狗和熏肉是健康的，也没有说人们应该多吃。以往研究通常支持红肉与癌症、心脏病和其他不良健康的联系，但这项研究的作者说这个证据是站不住脚的，可以推断红肉没有明显的健康风险，故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
10．阅读理解
Researchers in Australia have discovered an effective new method to capture the atmospheric carbon dioxide that is damaging our planet and transform it into something solid, making it much easier to store.
Carbon capture isn't new, but previous methods call for the gas to be compressed into liquid and then injected underground. Widespread usage of that technology has been locked by economic and environmental concerns due to possible leaks. Instead, in a study published in Nature Communications, the group details their sustainable and cost-effective plan for transforming CO2 into coal.
This new process involves a liquid metal catalyst(催化剂)that is efficient in conducting electricity. CO2gas is dissolved in a container with some liquid. Once electricity charge is introduced, the CO2 begins to turn into solid pieces of carbon, which can be collected and stored. What makes this particularly unique is that the entire process can occur at room temperature. Previous experiments have only shown a gas to solid conversion at extremely high temperature, which made it impossible on a large scale. Now, the researchers are hoping that their work will be used to create even further when it comes to carbon storage.
In an interesting side benefit, the solid carbon also works as an electrode(焊条), which opens up a world of possibilities. "A side benefit of the process is that the carbon can hold electrical charge, becoming a super battery, so it could potentially be used as a part in future vehicles," explains Dr. Dorna Estrafilzadeh, a researcher. "The process also produces fuel as a by-product, which could also have industrial applications."
（1）What can we know about the previous carbon capture methods?
A. People have to inject liquid to the gas.
B. The previous methods can be done easily.
C. The previous methods are not very popular.
D. People have widely accepted previous methods.
（2）What is the special part of the new method?
A. It needs electricity to make the process efficient.
B. It can be done in any kind of container.
C. It doesn't need extreme temperature.
D. It can produce much solid carbon.
（3）What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. The method will make fossil oil disappear.
B. The method will influence the future industry.
C. The method will make developed countries more powerful.
D. The method will be used to make new vehicles.
（4）What is the best title for the passage?
A. How to change carbon into CO2.
B. A new carbon capture technology.
C. A new technology to get useful carbon.
D. Australia makes the world cleaner than before.
【答案】（1）C
（2）C
（3）B
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种新的碳捕获技术的原理，优点和对未来工业的影响。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Widespread usage of that technology has been locked by econo mic and environmental concerns due to possible leaks.”可知之前技术的广泛应用受到了经济和环境方面的限制。故选C。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“What makes this particularly unique is that the entire process can occur at room temperature.”可知新技术独特的地方是整个过程可以在室温条件下进行。故选C。
（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“which op ens up a world of possibilities；it could potentially be used as a part in future vehicles和which could also have industrial applications”可知这种技术的产物开辟了很多新的可能，可以被变成超级电池为未来车辆供能，过程中的副产品可以作为燃料应用到工业中，由此推测该技术会对未来的工业产生巨大影响。故选B。
（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Researchers in Au stralia have discovered an effective new method to capture the atmospheric carbon dioxide ”和下文讲述的内容可知，本文主要介绍了一种新的碳捕获方法的原理和优点及其影响。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
11．阅读理解
Camper Lunch Program
We are pleased to offer the Camper Lunch Program for full-day campers or campers participating in both morning and afternoon half-day camps.
Lunch at the Overlake School
At the Overlake School in Redmond, you can sign up for lunch at the time of registration. Lunch is provided by the school cafeteria including a hot main dish and a salad bar option. Limited diet
restrictions can be accommodated in advance. All orders or cancellations must be made by 4:00 pm on Wednesday.
$ 40 for 5-day camp week
$ 32 for 4-day camp week
Lunch at View Seattle
Two weeks before your camp start date, you will receive a link in your confirmation email to choose your preference between the regular and vegetarian(素的)lunch menus. Besides, camper with allergies or sensitivities are encouraged to bring their own lunch.
$ 40 for 5-day camp week
$ 38 for 4-day camp week
Lunch at St. Thomas School
At St. Thomas School, lunch and snacks are provided by SAGE Dining. Lunch includes a hot main dish, a salad bar and sandwich options. Campers also receive two snacks per day.
$ 50 for 5-day camp week
$45 for 4-day camp week
Lunch at Pacific Science Center
At Pacific Science Center, you can sign up at the time of registration. Lunch is provided by our very own Pacific Science Center Cafe. Every day, standard and vegetarian lunch menus are available and come with a water bottle and two snacks. All orders or cancellations must be made by 4:00 pm on Wednesday.
$ 45 for 5-day camp week
$ 36 for 4-day camp week
（1）Which program can a camper with a budget of $ 35 choose?
A.Lunch at the Overlake School.
B.Lunch at View Seattle.
C.Lunch at St. Thomas School.
D.Lunch at Pacific Science Center.
（2）What are campers for Lunch at View Seattle required to do?
A.Stay far away from anything with allergies.
B.Choose their lunch preferences in advance.
C.Avoid bringing their own lunch for any reason.
D.Send emails to offer advice on improving lunch.
（3）What do the last two programs have in common?
A.They receive registrations only on Wednesday.
B.They encourage campers to bring some snacks.
C.They are mainly intended for vegetarian campers.
D.They provide campers with two snacks each day.
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，向露营者介绍了一些午餐项目的相关信息。
（1）考查细节理解。对比四个项目的价格可知,预算是35美元的露营者只能选择Lunch at the Overlake School这个项目。故选A。
（2）考查细节理解。根据 Lunch at ViewSeattle 部分中的“Two weeks before your camp start date, you will receive a link in your confirmation email to choose your preference between the regular and vegetarian(素的) lunchmenus. ”可知，Lunch at View Seattle 这个项目的露营者需要提前选择自己的午餐偏好。故选B。
（3）考查细节理解。根据Lunch at St. Thomas School部分中的“Campers also receive two snacks per day. ”和Lunch at Pacific Science Center部分中的“Every day，standard and vegetarian lunch menus are available and come with a water bottle and two snacks. ”可知，两个项目的共同之处是它们每天给露营者提供两顿零食。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
12．阅读理解
Every year migratory(迁徙的) bats travel from Mexico to Bracken Cave, where they spend the summer consuming insects that would otherwise hungrily eat common food crops. But the bats have been showing up far earlier than they did two decades ago.
In a study, scientists at Rothamsted Research, an agricultural laboratory in England, used radar data from 160 U.S. weather stations to analyze activity in the Texas bat colony from 1995 through 2017. They discovered the creatures were leaving their winter quarters in Mexico earlier and reproducing sooner. They were also astonished to find increasing numbers of bats overwintering(过冬) at Bracken Cave instead of heading back to their cold weather quarters in Mexico. Overwintering is a sign that warmer temperatures change the bats' annual rhythms, Rothamsted biologist Phillip Stepanian says.
A separate study of migratory bats in Indiana, published last year, found that temperature variations affected arrival and departure times—likewise hinting at the potential influence of climate change. Joy O'Keefe, a biology professor at Indiana State University and co-author of that study, says early arrival at their summer habitats(栖息地) could expose these bats to cold snaps(寒流), and they could freeze to death.
Joy O'Keefe and her colleagues also found that changing bat migration times can also clash with rainfall patterns. Many insects that bats eat breed in seasonal lakes and puddles. If the bats arrive too early to benefit from summer rainfall and the resulting abundance of insects they may struggle to feed their pups(幼崽) or skip reproduction altogether, O'Keefe says. She fears this shift could cause Midwestern bats to decrease toward extinction, which would be bad news for humans. "Declines in bat populations could have severe effects for crop success," she says, adding that bats also "control significant disease vectors, such as mosquitoes."
However, scientists are not certain that climate change alone is causing the Bracken Cave bat colony to migrate earlier. They have found a direct link between seasonal temperatures and bird migration, but bats are also influenced by factors such as changes in wind speed and direction. And there are other complications. “Bats are mysterious little animals that move mostly at night
and are difficult to observe and track," Stepanian says. "We have this conceptual picture of what might be happening, but really tying it to the cause is the next step."
（1）Scientists at Rothamsted Research found that _________.
A. bats prefer colder weather
B. bats delay their reproduction
C. warming affects bat migration
D. radar can be used to observe bats
（2）Joy O'Keefe discovered that _________.
A. bats are used to living in rainfall seasons
B. bats' earlier migration might harm farming
C. insects' reproduction helps to spread disease
D. insects shortage makes bats reproduce earlier
（3）What does the last paragraph want to tell us?
A. Wind speed and direction affect bats.
B. It is difficult to observe and track bats.
C. Climate change makes bats migrate earlier.
D. Further research on the cause is necessary.（4）What is the best title for the passage?
A. Bats' habitats
B. Endangered bats
C. Bats' schedule
D. Bats, our good friends
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
（4）C
【解析】【分析】
【点评】本文是一篇说明文，作者先提出蝙蝠迁徙提前的这种现象，然后分析了这种现象可能导致的后果，最后分析了可能导致蝙蝠迁徙提前的原因。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Overwintering is a sign that warmer temperatures change the bats' annual rhythms, Rothamsted biologist Phillip Stepania n says.”罗斯泰德的生物学家菲利普·斯捷潘尼安说，越冬是气温升高改变蝙蝠年度节律的一个标志，可知，蝙蝠越冬的方式是一个迹象，这表明了气温上升改变了它们每年的迁徙规律。故选C。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“‘If the bats arrive too early to benefit from summer rainfall and the resulting abundance of insects, they may struggle to feed their pups(幼崽) or skip reproduction altogether, O'Keefe says. She fears this shift could cause Midwestern bats to decrease toward extinction, which would be bad news for humans. “Declines in bat populations could have severe effects for crop success,’ she says”奥基夫说，如果蝙蝠来得太早，无法从夏季降雨和由此产生的大量昆虫中获益，它们可能难以喂养幼崽，或者完全跳过繁殖。她担心这种转变可能会导致中西部蝙蝠走向灭绝，这对人类来说是个坏消息。“蝙蝠数量的减少可能对作物的成功产生严重影响，”她说，可知，蝙蝠过早地迁徙会因为缺少食物，导致喂养幼仔的困难，或者跳过繁殖期，这将导致蝙蝠数量减少，害虫增加，从而对农作物产生影响。由此可知，乔伊·奥基夫发现，蝙蝠过早的迁徙可能会危害农业。故选B。
（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“However, scientists are not certain that climate change alone is causing the Bracken Cave bat colony to migrate earlier.”然而，科学家们还不能确定仅仅是气候变化就导致了蕨类洞穴蝙蝠群落更早的迁徙；及“Bats are mysterious little animals that move mostly at night and are difficult to observe and track,” Stepanian says. “We