2013届北京市海淀区高三第一学期期末试题英语(2013.01)

北京市海淀区2012—2013学年度高三年级第一学期期末统一考试

英语试卷2013. 1本试卷共14页, 共150分。考试时长120分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上, 在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后, 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第二部分：知识运用（共两节, 45分）

第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分, 共15分）

从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

21. A broad smile spread _____ Jack’s face when he eventually gained a scholarship.

A. across

B. through

C. at

D. in

22. Such a fierce dog _____ that we had to wait outside before we could get into his yard.

A. has he had

B. did he have

C. he had

D. he has had

23. _____ really makes ―Gangnam Style‖ popular is not the lyrics, but the part of ―Horse Riding Dance‖.

A. Where

B. What

C. That

D. Which

24. Temperature _____ quite dramatically at night in mountains, so put on some warm clothes before going out.

A. are dropped

B. drop

C. are being dropped

D. have dropped

25. –– Jack, did you see my son Harry just now?

–– No, Mrs. White. I _____ computer games.

A. have played

B. am playing

C. had played

D. was playing

26. John has always wanted an iPad and he has just saved enough money to buy _____.

A. one

B. it

C. this D that

27. When the police arrived at the accident spot, they saw many victims _____ from great pain.

A. to suffer

B. suffered

C. suffering

D. having suffered

28. While a great CV _____ get you in the door, a great interview gets you the job.

A. shall

B. must

C. would

D. can

29. —When will the visas be ready, sir?

— _____ everything goes well, you should get them in 14 workdays.

A. Although

B. As far as

C. Unless

D. As long as

30. Up to now, our society _____ with limited living space and a shortage of natural resources.

A. have been challenged

B. is being challenged

C. is challenging

D. has challenged

31. Theories about the end of the world on December 21, 2012, _____ on the Mayan calendar, created chaos all over the world.

A. basing

B. based

C. having based

D. to base

32. I have received an offer from an American university, but I am still hesitating _____ I should accept it.

A. how

B. why

C. whether

D. that

33. The pigeon has been _____ symbol of _____ peace for thousands of years in many countries.

A. the; a

B. a; the

C. a; /

D. the; /

34. — When I first got to Harvard, my awkward English brought me great trouble.

— Oh, dear, it _____ a struggle for you to keep up with other students.

A. might be

B. can be

C. could have been

D. must have been

35. If John hadn’t lost his job last month, he______ abroad for a business conference next week.

A. would go

B. will go

C. will have gone

D. would have gone

第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分, 共30分）

阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

―A‖ for Attitude

English was always my favorite subject. In my freshman year of high school, I could write a killer composition. In my second year, my __36__ allowed me to give spelling tests to the class. I had wonderful __37__ of my junior year. Mrs. Alexander __38__ me to sit at her desk and take over the class when she had to leave the room. Only my senior English class was __39__, as we had a teacher right out of college who expected college-leavel work. Every student received a ―C‖ or ―D‖ grade the first quarter. __40__ English was still my subject.

I graduated from high school, __41__, early and had children. Confident about my English, I often helped my kids with their English homework. And I __42__ long articles and beautiful poetry as a columnist for a newspaper. Fifteen years later, I went to college, and because I had been an ―A‖ student, I remained an ―A‖ student. I __43__ up to my own expectations.

Yesterday, I __44__ my high school report cards when I was reading old papers. That bundle of report cards __45__ back the old days. I remembered sitting in my advisor’s office, explaining that I had always excelled at English, and __46__ that I did not deserve a ―D‖ from that __47__ teacher of my senior year. The advisor was sympathetic but unable to change a(an) __48__

Reading __49__ my old report cards revealed something else too. I wanted to shred them or hide them. I was not an ―A‖ student in high school English! Somehow, I had __50__ myself of this, when the grades clearly reflected an __51__ student with an occasional ―A‖ or ―B‖, but mostly ―C‖s.

Had I lived up to those grades and __52__ myself according to those letters, I would have never confidently sought my writing __53__. Had I believed in my early grades instead of myself, I would have allowed my fear of __54__ to defeat my enthusiasm and damage my creativity. __55__, I viewed my younger self as an ―A‖ English student, except for that underserved ―D‖.

36. A. monitor B. headmaster C. classmate D. teacher

37. A. impressions B. thoughts C. inspirations D. memories

38. A. approved B. appointed C. expected D. urged

39. A. flexible B. creative C. disappointing D. controversial

40. A. So B. But C. And D. Or

41. A. married B. worked C. succeeded D. progressed

42. A. wrote B. edited C. read D. copied

43. A. added B. lived C. grew D. went

44. A. counted B. remembered C. approached D. discovered

45. A. brought B. turned C. held D. kept

46. A. reporting B. guaranteeing C. complaining D. recommending

47. A. impolite B. impatient C. inexperienced D. independent

48. A. grade B. figure C. paper D. entry

49. A. out B. through C. from D. into

50. A. warned B. reminded C. informed D. convinced

51. A. average B. enthusiastic C. outstanding D. awkward

52. A. considered B. defined C. reflected D. described

53. A. goal B. dream C. career D. enterprise

54. A. change B. risk C. stress D. failure

55. A. Otherwise B. Besides C. Instead D. Still

第三部分：阅读理解（共两节, 40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分, 共30分）

阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Something roared like thunder. The earth shook a little and we heard the rat-a-tat-tat of gunfire. ―Father!‖ Hassan cried. We sprung to our feet and raced out of the living room.

―Father! What’s that sound?‖ Hassan screamed, his hands outstretched toward Ali. Ali wrapped his arms around us. A white light flashed and lit the sky in silver. It flashed again and was followed by rapid sharp sounds of gunfire.

―They’re hunting ducks,‖ Ali said in a hoarse voice. ―They hunt ducks at night, you know. Don’t be afraid.

A siren went off in the distance. Somewhere glass broke and someone shouted. I heard people on the street, awakened from sleep. Hassan was crying. Ali pulled him close and held him with tenderness.

We stayed huddled that way until the early hours of the morning. The shootings and explosions had lasted less than an hour, but they had frightened us badly, because none of us had ever heard gunshots in the streets. They were foreign sounds to us then. The generations of Afghan children whose ears would know nothing but the sounds of the bombs and gunfire were not yet born. Huddled together in the dining room and waiting for the sun to rise, none of us had any idea that a way of life had ended. The end came when Russian tanks were rolling into the very same streets where Hassan and I played, bringing the death of the Afghanistan I knew and marking the start of a still ongoing era of bloodletting.

Just before the sunrise, Bab a’s car pulled into the driveway. His door slammed shut and his running footsteps pounded the stairs. Then he appeared in the doorway and I saw something on his face. Something I didn’t recognize right away because I’d never seen it before: fear. ―Amir! Hassan!‖ He cried as he ran to us, opening his arms wide. ―They blocked all the roads and the telephone didn’t work. I was so worried!‖We let him wrap us in his arms and, for a brief moment, I was glad about whatever had happened that night.

56. Who is the author of this passage?

A. Hassan.

B. Ali

C. Baba

D. Amir

57. By saying ―They’re hunting ducks‖, Ali ______.

A. told the children the truth

B. tried to calm the children

C. played a joke on the children

D. cheered the children up

58. We can infer from the passage that ______.

A. there were thunderstorms that night

B. Afghan children were used to the war

C. that night was the end of people’s peaceful life

D. people on the street shouted and broke the windows

59. From the last sentence of the passage, we know ______.

A. the author was glad to see his father come home safe

B. there was a chance that a world in peace was to come

C. what happened that night seemed nothing to the author

D. Baba’s arms gave the author temporary comfort and joy

B

Is Your Diet Destroying the Environment?

A vegetarian diet is often praised for its health benefits. Studies have shown that vegetarians usually have lower levels of heart disease and a lower risk of diabetes than people who eat meat. What most people are less aware of, however, are the effects that a vegetarian diet can have on the environment.

Researchers from the Union of Concerned Scientists in the US recently studied how consumer behavior affects the environment. The study showed that meat consumption is one of the main ways that humans can damage the environment, second only to the use of motor vehicle.

Then, how can eating meat have a negative effect on the environment? For a start, all farm animals such as cows, pigs, and sheep give off methane(沼气) gas by expelling wind from their bodies. One cow can produce up to 60 liters of methane each day. Methane gas is the second

most common greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide. Many environmental experts now believer that it is more responsible for global warming than carbon dioxide. It is estimated that 25% of all methane released into the atmosphere comes from farm animals.

Another way that meat production affects the environment is through the use of water and land. 2,500 gallons of water are needed to produce one pound of beef, whereas 20 gallons of water are needed to produce one pound of wheat. One acre of farmland used for crop production can produce 40,000 pounds of potatoes, 30,000 pounds of carrots, or 50,000 pounds of tomatoes.

Many people now see the benefits of switching to a vegetarian diet, not just for health reasons, but also because it plays a vital role in protecting the environment. However, some nutritionists advise against switching to a totally strict vegetarian, or vegan diet. They believe a vegan diet, which excludes all products from animal sources, such as cheese, eggs, and milk, can be short of many necessary vitamins and minerals our bodies need.

Today, many people know it’s important to take better care of their bodies and to use the earth’s resources more efficiently. As this understanding spreads, more people may realize that to help the environment and for the human race to survive, more of us will need to become vegetarians.

60. The underlined word ―it‖ in Para. 3 refers to ______.

A. methane gas

B. carbon dioxide

C. expelling wind

D. greenhouse gas

61. Many figures are used in Para. 4 to show ______.

A. growing tomatoes has the highest production

B. crop production is better than meat production

C. meat production consumes too much water and land

D. farm animals are the main producer of the methane gas

62. It can be inferred from the passage that with the help of S.K.I, street children may ______.

A. Our diet is destroying the surroundings

B. Raising farm animals affects the environment

C. A vegetarian diet helps to protect the environment

D. More and more people are becoming strict vegetarians

C

For millions of Facebook users, choosing which photo to use for an online profile is an important decision. According to a study by researchers at the UT Dallas Center, the photos we select may reflect individual preferences, but they also appear to reflect more deeply rooted, unconscious cultural differences. Previous research has shown that culture can affect not only language and custom, but also how we experience the world and process information. Western cultures, for example, condition people to think of themselves as highly independent entities, whereas East Asian cultures stress collectivism and interdependence.

Dr. Denise Park, co-director of the Center at UT Dallas, and former graduate student Dr. Chih-Mao Huang of the University of Illinois, were curious about whether these patterns of cultural influence extend to cyberspace. In a paper published in the International Journal of Psychology, they examined the profile photographs of more than 500 active Facebook users from the United States and East Asia. Overall, they found that profile photos of Americans are more likely to focus on the individual’s face, while the profiles of East Asians tend to less emphasize the face and include more background features. Americans also show greater smile intensity compared to East Asian Facebook users.

The findings show marked cultural differences in the focus of attention among East Asian and American Facebook users. Moreover, they echo previous research on cultural influences on visual perception, attention, and reasoning in the offline world.

―We believe these findings relate to a cultural bias to be more individualistic and independent in the US and more communal and interdependent in Asia,‖ said Park.

The research also found that cultural influences over our self-presentation online can shift over time and from place to place. In one of the study samples, Americans studying in Japan and Japanese studying in the US both showed a tendency to adjust their profile photos to the general preferences of their host country.

―Facebook constitutes an extended social context in which personal profiles mirror various individual characteristics, private thoughts, and

social behaviors.‖ Noted Huang. ―As such, the study presents a new approach to investigate cognition and behaviors across cultures by using Facebook as a data collection platform.

63. The underlined word ―condition‖ in the first paragraph probably means ______.

A. advise

B. instruct

C. shape

D. forbid

64. We can know from the passage that Mongolians probably emphasize ______.

A. cultural influences

B. social behaviors

C. independent existence

D. collective power

65. It can be inferred that a Korean studying in the US is likely to ______.

A. use a picture of his face on Facebook

B. adjust to American preferences quickly

C. change his profile photos from time to time

D. put up a photo of his apartment on Facebook

66. According to Dr. Huang, Facebook can help to _____.

A. make up a more extended social context

B. study the diversity of worldwide cultures

C. promote communication between east and west

D. combine different cultures from different aspects

D

Do you want to love what you do for a living? Follow your passion. This piece of advice provides the foundation for modern thinking on career satisfaction. But his can be a problem.

I’ve spent the past several years researching and writing about the different strategies we use to seek happiness in our work. It became clear early in the process that the suggestion to ―follow your passion‖was flawed, for it lacks scientific evidence. However, it doesn’t mean you should abandon the goal of feeling passionate about your work. The reality emphasizes that things are quite complicated.

Passion is earned. Different people are looking for different things in their work, but generally, people with satisfying careers enjoy some combination of the following features: autonomy, respect, competence, creativity, and a sense of impact. In other words, if you want to feel passionate about your livelihood, don’t seek the perfect job, but seek to get more of these features in the job you already have.

Passion is elusive. Many people develop the rare and valuable skills leading to passion, but still end up unhappy in their work. The problem is that the features leading you to love your work are more likely to be useful to you than your organization. As you become increasingly ―valuable‖, for example, your boss might push you toward traditional promotions that come with more pay and more responsibility, as this is what is most useful to your company. However, you might find more passion by applying your value to gain autonomy in your schedule or project selection.

Passion is dangerous. I’ve watched too many of my peers fall into anxiety and chronic job-hopping due to the ―follow your passion‖ advice. The issue is expectations. If you believe we all have a pre-existing passion, and that matching it to a job will lead to instant workplace happiness, reality will always pale in comparison.

Work is hard. Not every day is fun. If you’re seeking a dream job, you`ll end up frustrated, again and again. Don’t set out to discover passion. Instead, set out to develop it. This path might be longer and more complicated than what most cheerful career guides might advocate, but it’s a path much more likely to lead you somewhere worth going.

67. People satisfied with their careers are ______.?

A. autonomous and passionate

B. creative and competent

C. respectable and sensitive

D. creative and passionate

68. What is the author’s advice on achieving career satisfaction?

A. Developing passion for what one is doing

B. Matching the pre-existing passion to one’s work

C. Figuring out early what one will do in the future

D. Discovering skills that lead to interesting careers

69. The underlined sentence in Para. 5 probably means that ______.

A. it is not easy to match our passion with our jobs.

B. we shoul dn’t think everyone has a pre-existing passion

C. high expectations of passion in jobs bring disappointment

D. workplace happiness does not require a pre-existing passion

70. What’s the author’s attitude towards the advice of ―following your passion‖?

A. Ambiguous

B. Supportive

C. Cautious

D. Disapproving

第二节（共5小题, 每小题2分, 共10分）

根据短文内容, 从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处得最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

The Making of ―Tipping Point‖

Clara Barton, founder of the American Red Cross, gained worldwide honor for her dedication to easing human suffering and earnest the nickname ―Angel of the Battlefield.‖

Barton was born into a liberal freethinking family in 1821. her elder brothers and sisters happily tutored her in math and reading, so when she entered school at three years old, she could read and spell three-syllable words. ___71___

Concerned about Barton’s difficulty in making friends, her parents sent her to a boarding school, hoping it would make her more comfortable with her peers. ___72___ Barton lost her appetite and cried constantly. After only one term, she had to be brought home. Then, Barton stayed out of school to nurse her older brother through a serious injury and also volunteered to care for poor families during a smallpox(天花) outbreak.

In 1961, the Civil War broke out. The sight of wounded soldiers touched Barton deeply. She began to collect and distribute food, bandages, medicines, and other supplies for the Union army. ___73___ There, with little concern for her own safety, she cooked meals, assisted surgeons, and comforted wounded soldiers.

Eventually, because of working too hard, Barton collapsed, ill with typhoid fever. ___74___ It was there that she learned of an organization based in Switzerland-called the International Red Cross, whose work mirrored her own.

Shortly after Barton arrived back home in 1873, her sister died. ___75___ When recuperating(休养) at a health facility in New York, she began planning for the establishment of an American wing of the International Red Cross. Although at first the government resisted, her efforts finally paid off. The American Red Cross was officially organized on May 21, 1881. her influence lives on today in the work of the organization she founded.

A. Barton fell into a deep depression.

B. Unfortunately, it had the opposite effect.

C. Many people felt sorry for the loss of her sister and her own health.

D. Barton risked her life to transport wagonloads of supplies to the front lines.

E. When she recovered, her doctors prescribed a long, restful trip to Europe.

F. Barton spent the following several months learning basics about Swiss Cross.

G. She easily kept up with the older children academically but did not fit in socially.

第四部分：书面表达（共两节, 35分）

第一节情景作文（20分）

某互联网消费调研中心对网络购物进行了调查，结果如下。请根据图表1提供的信息描述人们选择网络购物的不同原因，并针对图表2中任意一个数据所的情况谈谈你的看法。词数不少于60.

注意：开头已为你写好。

网购最吸引用户的方面网购用户最担心的问题

图表1 图表2

Recently, a survey about online shopping has been conducted on the Internet.

第二节开放作文（15分）

请根据下面提示, 写一篇短文, 词数不少于50.

You are discussing the following picture with your English friend Jim. Now you are telling him how you understand the picture and what makes you think so.