化学专业英语
(完整word版)有机化学专业英语
(完整word版)有机化学专业英语烷基Alkyl [ˈælkil ］芳基aryl ［ˈæril ］甲基methyl [ˈmeθil]亚甲基methylene [ˈmeθili：n ］乙基ethyl [ˈeθil，ˈeθəl]丙基propyl [ˈprəupil］异丙基isopropyl [ˌaisəuˈprəupil]丁基butyl ［ˈbju：til]戊基pentyl [ˈpentil]己基hexyl ［ˈheksil］庚基heptyl ［ˈheptil］辛基octyl [ˈɔktəl]壬基nonyl ［ˈnɔnil］奎基decyl ［’desəl］[di:’s i l]叔丁基tert-butyl异丁基iso-butyl环戊基cyclopentyl [］环己基cyclohexyl ［]甲氧基methoxyl ［’metɒksɪl］乙氧基ethoxyl ［eˈθɔksil］丁氧基butoxyl酰基 acyl ［ˈæsil］甲酰基formyl ［ˈfɔ：mil]乙酰基acetyl ［ˈæsitil]乙烯基vinyl [ˈvaɪnəl］或ethenyl丁烯基butenyl ［ˈbjutənil]己烯基hexenyl庚烯基heptenyl ［ˈheptəˌnil］烯丙基allyl ［ˈælil]乙炔基ethinyl [eˈθainil]或alkynyl硝基nitro [ˈnaitrəu]亚硝基nitroso [naiˈtrəusəu］氨基amino ［əˈmi：nəʊ，ˈæməˌnəʊ］ 二氨基diamino亚氨基imino [ˈiminəu,iˈmi：nəu］重氮基diazo ［daiˈæzəu］苯基phenyl ［ˈfenəl,ˈfi：nəl，ˈfi:nil］ 苄基benzyl ［ˈbenzil］或phenmethyl [ˌfinˈmeθil]苯乙基phenethyl ［fenˈeθəl］乙氧苯基ethoxyphenyl 苯胺基anilino [ˈænili：n]羰基carbonyl [ˈkɑ：bənil］羧基carboxyl [kɑ:ˈbɔksil］联苯基biphenyl [baiˈfenl]甲酰基formyl [ˈfɔ：mil]苯酰，苯甲酰benzoyl ［’benzəʊɪl］脒基guanyl ［il］羟基hydroxyl [haiˈdrɔksil]烷氧基alkoxy [ælˈkɔksi］或alkoxyl group芳基 aryl group二芳基diaryl group ［daiˈæril］吡啶基pyridyl [ˈpiridil］三苯甲基trityl[’traɪtl］二苯甲基benzhydryl [benaɪd’raɪl]氨基甲酰基carbamoyl［kɑ:'bæməɪl］三甲基硅基trimethylsilyl炔丙基propargyl ［prəʊ’pɑ：dʒɪl]丙酮基(乙酰甲基）acetonyl ['æsɪtənɪl]正n，normal异iso邻位ortho—［ˈɔ：θəu］间位meta- ［'mɛtə］对位para—[ˈpɑ:rə］伯Primary [’praimәri]仲Secondary [’sekәndәri]叔Tertiary ［'tә：ʃәri］ tert-季碳quaternary [kwəˈtə：nəri] carbon一，单mono-二di-,双bis ，bi（化学中只有碳酸氢根才用bi，如bicarbonate [baiˈkɑ：bənit]）三tri-，tris四tetra- 四quadric-五penta—五quinque—六hexa—七hepta—七septi八octa-九nona—十deca- ［’dɛkə］十一undeca ，hendeca-十二dodeca-十三trideca-十四tetradeca(完整word版)有机化学专业英语十五pentadeca-十六hexadeca—十七heptadeca-顺式，cis—同，共syn反式trans有机化合物类名Aliphatic compound 脂肪族化合物［]Hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物[ˌhaɪdr əˈkɑ:b ən ］Alkane 烷［］Wax 蜡［]Paraffin wax 石蜡arene 芳烃[]Alkene 烯［］Alkyne 炔［ˈælkain]Acetylide 炔化物[］Active hydrogen compounds 活泼氢化合物acid ［ˈæsid]Carbon acid 碳氢酸Super acid 超酸Diene 双烯[ˈdaii：n］Triene 三烯［ˈtraii:n ］Allene 丙二烯[ˈæli：n］Propylene丙烯［］cumulene 累积多烯[］Enyne 烯炔［eˈni：n]Diyne 二炔Alkyl halide 卤代烷［ˈælkil ˈhælaid］Alcohol 醇［]Homoallylic alcohol 高烯丙醇Ether 醚[ˈi:θə]Ester 酯[ˈestə］Ketone 酮Aldehyde 醛[ˈældihaid]Epoxide 环氧化物［eˈpɔksaid]Sulfone 砜［ˈs ʌlf əun］Sulfoxide 亚砜Sulfonic acid 磺酸Carboxylic acid 羧酸Cellosolve 溶纤剂Crown ether 冠醚Nitro compound 硝基化合物Amine 胺［］Quaternaryammonium compound 季铵化合物［］［］Amine oxide 氧化胺Diazoalkane 重氮烷[daɪ,æzəʊ’ælkeɪn］Mercaptan 硫醇[]Aldehyde hydrate 醛水合物Ketone hydrate 酮水合物Hemiacetal 半缩醛［ˌhemiˈæsitæl］Acetal 缩醛acetal ［化］乙缩醛, 乙缩醛二乙醇［ˈæsitæl] Ketal 缩酮［ˈki ：tæl]thiazole 噻唑［ˈθai əˌzəul]Dithiane 二噻烷[daiˈθai ən]Aminal 缩醛胺；动物imine 亚胺[]Aldimine 醛亚胺Oxime 肟[］nitroso compound 亚硝基化合物aldoxime 醛肟,乙醛肟［ælˈdɔksi:m］Hydrazone 腙［ˈhaidrəˌzəun]Azine 嗪[ˈæzi:n]Semicarbazone 缩氯基脲Cyanohydrin 羟腈, 氰醇［ˌsaiənəuˈhaidrin] Pinacol 频哪醇Enol 烯醇[ˈi:nɔl]Enol ether 烯醇醚Enol ester 烯醇酯［ˈi：nɔl］［ˈest ə] Enamine 烯胺［i ˈn æmin］Ynamine 炔胺Mannich base 曼尼希碱orthoester 原酸酯Acyl halide 酰卤[ˈæsil]Acyl fluoride 酰氟［] Acyl chloride 酰氯Acyl bromide 酰溴Acyl iodide 酰碘［ˈaiədaid］Carbobenzoxy chloride 苄氧甲酰氯Acyl tosylate 酰基对甲苯磺酸酐Ketene 乙烯酮［ˈki：ti:n］Peracid 过酸Perester 过酸酯Acyl peroxide 酰基过氧化物Nitrile 腈[ˈnaitrail](完整word版)有机化学专业英语acetonitrile 乙腈［ˌæsitəuˈnaitril］或met hyl cyanide [ˈsaɪəˌnaɪd]Nitrile oxide 氧化腈Isonitrile 异腈,异氰化物Amide 酰胺［ˈæmaid]Imide 二酰亚胺[ˈimaid]N—bromo compound N—溴化物Hydrazide 酰肼［］Azide 叠氮化物［ˈæzaid，ˈeizid]Acyl azide 酰基叠氮［ˈæsil］［ˈæzaid,ˈe izid]Amidine 脒[ˈæmiˌdi：n］Keto ester 酮酸酯Acyl cyanide 酰腈[ˈæsil］[ˈsaɪəˌnaɪd］Carbon suboxide 二氧化三碳Glycidic acid 环氧丙酸Carbammic acid 氨基甲酸Carbamate 氨基甲酸酯［ˈkɑ:bəmeit]Urea 脲，尿素［］Cyanamide 氨腈［saiˈænəmaid］Carbodiimide 碳二亚胺［,kɑ:bədai'imaid] Allophanate 脲基甲酸酯Thioester 硫代酸酯［ˌθaiəuˈestə］Thiol acid 硫羰酸[ˈθaiəu]Lactone 内酯[ˈlæktəun]Lactol 内半缩醛［ˈlæktəl]Macrolide 大环内酯［ˈmækrəlaid］Amino acid 氨基酸Zwitterion两性离子［ˈtsvitəraiən]Inner salt 内盐Betaine 甜菜碱[ˈbi:təi:n］Lactam 内酰胺[ˈlæktæm］Hydantoin 或glycolylurea 乙内酰脲［haiˈdæntəwin]Hydration水合，水合作用［haɪ'dreʃən] Peptide 肽[ˈpepˌtaɪd］Glycol 乙二醇[]Aldol 羟醛［ˈældəul]Acyloin 偶姻，酮醇［əˈsiləuin]acyloin condensation 酮醇缩合Carbohydrate 碳水化合物Aldose 醛糖[ˈældəus］Ketose 酮糖[ˈki：təus]Furanose 呋喃糖［ˈfjuərəˌnəus]Pyranose 吡喃糖［ˈpaiərənəus]Glycoside 糖苷[ˈɡlaikəˌsaid]Glucoside 葡[萄]糖苷Aglycon 苷元[əˈɡlaikɔn］Saccharide 糖类[ˈsækəraid］Oligosaccharide 寡糖[ˌɔliɡəuˈsækəraid] Polysaccharide 多糖[pɔliˈsækəraid］Alditol 糖醇[ˈælditɔl]Osazone 脎［ˈəusəˌzəun］Alicyclic compound 脂环化合物［æliˈsiklik］Cycloalkane 环烷Cycloalkene 环烯Spirane 螺烷[ˈspaiərein]Cage compound 笼型化合物Propellane 螺桨烷Rotazane 轮烷Catenane 索烃[ˈkætnein ］Fused ring 稠环［fju:zd riŋ]化学专业英语词汇常用前后缀—acetal 醛缩醇acetal—乙酰acid 酸-al 醛alcohol 醇-aldehyde 醛alkali- 碱allyl 丙烯基'alkoxy- 烷氧基Methoxy甲氧基的-amide 酰胺[］amino- 氨基的[əˈmi:nəʊ，ˈæməˌnəʊ］-amidine 脒［ˈæmiˌdi:n]—amine 胺—ane 烷anhydride 酐[ænˈhaidraid]anilino- 苯胺基［ˈænili：n］aquo—含水aqueous水的，水成的[ˈeikwiəs］-ase 酶—ate 含氧酸的盐、酯-atriyne 三炔azo- 偶氮[ˈæzəu]azoxy—氧化偶氮—N=N（O)—(完整word版)有机化学专业英语hydrazo—氢化偶氮 -NH-NH—benzene 苯［ˈbenˌzi：n, benˈzi:n] bi —在盐类前表示酸式盐bis- 双-borane 硼烷[ˈbəurein]bromo—溴butyl 丁基.—carbinol 甲醇carbonyl 羰基-caboxylic acid 羧酸centi- 10-2chloro—氯代cis—顺式condensed 缩合的、冷凝的cyclo- 环deca—十deci 10—1di二-dine 啶dodeca- 十二—ene 烯epi—表epoxy- 环氧［]-ester 酯—ether 醚ethoxy- 乙氧基［］ethyl 乙基fluoro—或fluor—氟代—form 仿—glycol 二醇hemi- 半hendeca—十一hepta- 七heptadeca- 十七hexa—六hexadeca—十六-hydrin 醇hydro—氢或水hydroxyl 羟基hypo—低级的，次-ic 酸的，高价金属-ide 无氧酸的盐，酰替胺,酐-il 偶酰—imine 亚胺/iodine 碘[] iodo—碘代iso—异,等,同-ite 亚酸盐keto—酮ketone 酮—lactone 内酯mega —106meta- 间，偏methoxy—甲氧基methyl 甲基micro—10-6milli- 10-3mono—( mon—) 一，单nano- 10-9nitro- 硝基nitroso—亚硝基nona- 九nonadeca—十九octa- 八octadeca —十八-oic 酸的-ol 醇9 a ＄f! Q, H: ［5 n& G—one 酮ortho—邻，正，原—ous 亚酸的，低价金属oxa- 氧杂—oxide 氧化合物-oxime 肟［]oxo- 酮[]oxy- 氧化［］-oyl 酰para—对位，仲penta- 五pentadeca- 十五per- 高，过petro- 石油phenol 苯酚［ˈfi：nəl］phenyl 苯基[］pico—10—12poly—聚,多(完整word版)有机化学专业英语quadri- 四quinque- 五semi- 半septi- 七sesqui 一个半sulfa—磺胺[]sym- 对称syn —顺式，同，共ter—三—tetra- 四tetradeca—十四tetrakis—四个thio- 硫代[］trans- 反式，超，跨tri- 三trans- 反式，超，跨tri- 三trideca- 十三tris- 三个undeca- 十一。
化学专业英语词汇
1.TheIdeal-GasEquation理想气体状态方程2.Partial Pressures分压3.Real Gases:Deviation from IdealBehavior真实气体：对理想气体行为的偏离4.Thevande rWaals Equation范德华方程5.Systemand Surroundings系统与环境6.Stateand State Functions状态与状态函数7.Process过程8.Phase相9.The First Lawof Thermodynamics热力学第一定律10.Heatand Work热与功11.Endothermicand Exothermic Processes吸热与发热过程12.Enthalpiesof Reactions反应热13.Hess’s Law盖斯定律14.Enthalpiesof Formation生成焓15.Reaction Rates反应速率16.Reaction Order反应级数17.Rate Constants速率常数18.Activation Energy活化能19.The Arrhenius Equation阿累尼乌斯方程20.Reaction Mechanisms反应机理21.Homogeneous Catalysis均相催化剂22.Heterogeneous Catalysis非均相催化剂23.Enzymes酶24.The Equilibrium Constant平衡常数25.the Directionof Reaction反应方向26.L eChatelier’s Principle列·沙特列原理27.Effects of V olume,Pressure,Temperature Changesand Catalystsi.体积，压力，温度变化以及催化剂的影响28.Spontaneous Processes自发过程29.Entropy (StandardEntropy)熵（标准熵）30.The Second Law of Thermodynamics热力学第二定律31.EntropyChanges熵变32.StandardFree-EnergyChanges标准自由能变33.Acid-Bases酸碱34.The Dissociation of Water水离解35.The Protonin Water水合质子36.Thep H ScalespH值37.Bronsted-Lowry Acidsand Bases Bronsted-Lowry酸和碱38.Proton-Transfer Reactions质子转移反应39.Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs共轭酸碱对71.ThePauli Exclusion Principle泡林不相容原理72.Electron Configurations电子构型73.The PeriodicTable周期表74.Row行75.Group族76.Isotopes,Atomic Numbers,andMass Numbers同位素，原子数，质量数77.Periodic Properties o fthe Elements元素的周期律78.Radiu of Atoms原子半径79.Ionization Energy电离能80.Electronegativity电负性81.Effective Nuclear Charge有效核电荷82.Electron Affinities亲电性83.Metals金属84.Nonmetals非金属85.Valence Bond Theory价键理论86.Covalence Bond共价键87.Orbital Overlap轨道重叠88.Multiple Bonds重键89.Hybrid Orbital杂化轨道90.The VSEPR Model价层电子对互斥理论91.Molecular Geometries分子空间构型92.Molecular Orbital分子轨道93.Diatomic Molecules双原子分子94.Bond Length键长95.Bond Order键级96.Bond Angles键角97.Bond Enthalpies键能98.Bond Polarity键矩99.Dipole Moments偶极矩100.Polarity Molecules极性分子101.Polyatomic Molecules多原子分子102.Crystal Structure晶体结构130.Peroxidesand Superoxides过氧化物和超氧化物131.Hydroxides氢氧化物132.Salts盐133.p-BlockElementsp区元素134.Boron Group(Boron,Aluminium,Gallium,Indium,Thallium)硼族（硼，铝，镓，铟，铊）135.Borane硼烷136.Carbon Group(Carbon,Silicon,Germanium,Tin,Lead)碳族（碳，硅，锗，锡，铅）137.Graphite,Carbon Monoxide,Carbon Dioxide石墨，一氧化碳，二氧化碳138.CarbonicAcid,Carbonatesand Carbides碳酸，碳酸盐，碳化物139.Occurrenceand Preparation of Silicon硅的存在和制备140.Silicic Acid，Silicates硅酸，硅酸盐141.Nitrogen Group(Phosphorus,Arsenic,Antimony,andBismuth)氮族（磷，砷，锑，铋）142.Ammonia,NitricAcid,PhosphoricAcid氨，硝酸，磷酸143.Phosphorates,phosphorus Halides磷酸盐，卤化磷144.Oxygen Group(Oxygen,Sulfur,Selenium,andTellurium)氧族元素（氧，硫，硒，碲）145.Ozone,HydrogenPeroxide臭氧，过氧化氢146.Sulfides硫化物147.Halogens(Fluorine,Chlorine,Bromine,Iodine)卤素（氟，氯，溴，碘）148.Halides,Chloride卤化物，氯化物149.The Noble Gases稀有气体150.Noble-GasCompounds稀有气体化合物151.d-Blockelementsd区元素152.Transition Metals过渡金属153.Potassium Dichromate重铬酸钾154.Potassium Permanganate高锰酸钾155.Iron Copper ZincMercury铁，铜，锌，汞156.f-Block Elementsf区元素nthanides镧系元素158.Radioactivity放射性159.Nuclear Chemistry核化学160.Nuclear Fission核裂变161.Nuclea Fusion核聚变162.analyticalchemistry分析化学163.qualitativeanalysis定性分析186.deviation偏差187.precision精密度188.relativestandarddeviation相对标准偏差（RSD）189.coefficientvariation变异系数（CV）190.confidencelevel置信水平191.confidenceinterval置信区间192.significanttest显著性检验193.significantfigure有效数字194.standardsolution标准溶液195.titration滴定196.stoichiometricpoint化学计量点197.endpoint滴定终点198.titrationerror滴定误差199.primarystandard基准物质200.amountofsubstance物质的量201.standardization标定202.chemicalreaction化学反应203.concentration浓度204.chemicalequilibrium化学平衡205.titer滴定度206.generalequationforachemicalreaction化学反应的通式207.protontheoryofacid-base酸碱质子理论208.acid-basetitration酸碱滴定法209.dissociationconstant解离常数210.conjugateacid-basepair共轭酸碱对211.aceticacid乙酸212.hydroniumion水合氢离子213.electrolyte电解质214.ion-productconstantofwater水的离子积215.ionization电离216.protoncondition质子平衡217.zerolevel零水准218.buffersolution缓冲溶液219.methylorange甲基橙220.acid-baseindicator酸碱指示剂221.phenolphthalein酚酞251.cerimetry铈量法252.redoxindicator氧化还原指示253.oxygenconsuming耗氧量（OC）254.chemicaloxygendemanded化学需氧量(COD) 255.dissolvedoxygen溶解氧(DO)256.precipitation沉淀反应257.argentimetry银量法258.heterogeneousequilibriumofions多相离子平衡259.aging陈化260.postprecipitation继沉淀261.coprecipitation共沉淀262.ignition灼烧263.fitration过滤264.decantation倾泻法265.chemicalfactor化学因数266.spectrophotometry分光光度法267.colorimetry比色分析268.transmittance透光率269.absorptivity吸光率270.calibrationcurve校正曲线271.standardcurve标准曲线272.monochromator单色器273.source光源274.wavelengthdispersion色散275.absorptioncell吸收池276.detector检测系统277.bathochromicshift红移278.Molarabsorptivity摩尔吸光系数279.hypochromicshift紫移280.acetylene乙炔281.ethylene乙烯282.acetylatingagent乙酰化剂283.aceticacid乙酸284.adiethylether乙醚285.ethylalcohol乙醇286.acetaldehtde乙醛287.β-dicarbontlcompoundβ–二羰基化合物288.bimolecularelimination双分子消除反应289.bimolecularnucleophilicsubstitution双分子亲核取代反应322.Michaelreacton麦克尔反应323.halogenatedhydrocarbon卤代烃324.haloformreaction卤仿反应325.systematicnomenclatur系统命名法e326.Newmanprojection纽曼投影式327.aromaticcompound芳香族化合物328.aromaticcharacter芳香性r329.Claisencondensationreaction克莱森酯缩合反应330.Claisenrearrangement克莱森重排331.Diels-Alderreation狄尔斯-阿尔得反应332.Clemmensenreduction克莱门森还原333.Cannizzaroreaction坎尼扎罗反应334.positionalisomers位置异构体335.unimoleculareliminationreaction单分子消除反应336.unimolecularnucleophilicsubstitution单分子亲核取代反应337.benzene苯338.functionalgrou官能团p339.configuration构型340.conformation构象341.confomationalisome构象异构体342.electrophilicaddition亲电加成343.electrophilicreagent亲电试剂344.nucleophilicaddition亲核加成345.nucleophilicreagent亲核试剂346.nucleophilicsubstitutionreaction亲核取代反应347.activeintermediate活性中间体348.Saytzeffrule查依采夫规则349.cis-transisomerism顺反异构350.inductiveeffect诱导效应t351.Fehling’sreagent费林试剂352.phasetransfercatalysis相转移催化作用353.aliphaticcompound脂肪族化合物354.eliminationreaction消除反应355.Grignardreagent格利雅试剂灭滴灵Metronidazole柠檬酸CitricAcid硝酸钙calciumnitrate癸二酸SebacicAcid冰醋酸glacialaceticacid维生素C磷酸镁MagnesiumAscorbylPhosphate 对苯二酚Hydroquinone环丙沙星盐酸CIPROFLOXACINHCL氢氧化钠SodiumHydroxide吗菌灵醋酸盐dodemorphacetate烯酰吗啉dimethomorph百菌清Chlorothalonil尼索朗hexythiazox哒螨灵pyridaben葡萄糖酸-δ-内酯gluconodeltalactone硫酸粘杆菌素colistinesulfate恩诺沙星EnrofloxacinBase土霉素盐酸OxyTetraCyclineHCl黄磷YellowPhosphorus索布瑞醇Sobrerol焦棓酸PYROGALLOL硫乙醇酸THIOGLYCOLLICACID茴香硫醚THIOANISOLE1-溴-3-氯丙烷1-BROMO-3-CHLOROPROPANE 氟苯FLUOROBENZEN叔丁基胺tert-butylamine丙烯酸树脂Acrylicresin维生素B6VITAMINB6磺胺胍Sulfaguanidine松香树脂GumRosin苯甲酸钠SODIUMBENZOATE双氧水HydrogenPeroxide6-氨基己烷-1-醇6-aminohexan-1-ol邻苯二甲酸酐PhthalicAnhydride2,3-二氨基甲苯2,3-diaminotoluene吲哚indole2-甲基吲哚2-methylindole三苯基硼triphenylborane松油精Dipentine十六烷醇CetylAlcohol呋喃-2-硼酸FURAN-2-BORONICACID莫匹罗星Mupirocin高锰酸钾PotassiumPermanganate噻苯咪唑Thiabendazole42-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3,propanediol二环戊二烯Dicyclopentadiene(DCPD)金红石型氧化钛TitaniumDioxide(Rutile)Topgrade硼酸boricacid氧化铅LeadOxide邻苯二甲酸酐PhthalicAnhydride叔丁基锡烷tributylstannane碳黑CarbonBlackElftex430碳黑CarbonBlackN300碳黑CarbonBlackN-326磷酸PHOSPHORICACID硝酸铅LEADNITRATE硬脂酸铅LEADSTEARA TE次硫酸钠SodiumHydrosulfite磷酸二氢铵AmmoniumDihydrogenPhosphate 水合肼HydrazineHydrate6三聚磷酸钠SodiumTripolyphosphate氧化铁黄ironoxideyellow氧化铁红ironoxidered1,1,1-三氯乙烷1,1,1-TrichloroEthane氯化铵AmmoniumChloride苯酚PHENOL甲氧苄氨嘧啶TRIMETHOPRIM磷酸三钙tricalciumphosphate酒石酸苯甲曲秦PhendimetrazineTartrate碳酸氢钠sodiumbicarbonate氯四环素盐酸ChlortetracyclineHCl三水合氨卡青霉素AmpicillinTrihydratemicronized 山梨糖醇SorbitolPowder一水葡萄糖DextroseMonohydrate碳化钙calciumcarbide柚皮甙Naringin叶绿素铜钠盐sodiumcopper苏打灰sodaash酒石酸盐tartrate鉻酸銨AMMONIUMCHROMATE苦味酸PICRICACID甲酸铵AMMONIUMFORMATE7聚丙烯薄膜PPSHEETFOROPPTAPE氨基乙酸Glycine氨比西林AMPICILINE土霉素盐酸OxytetracyclineHCL6-溴-2-羟基萘6-Bromo-2-hydroxynaphthalene2，6-二甲氧基萘2,6-Dimethoxynaphthalene2，6-二羟基萘2,6-Dihydroxynaphthalene6-甲氧基-2-羟基萘6-Methoxy-2-hydroxynaphthalene 2-叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚2-Tertiary-butyl-4-methylphenol 炉甘石Calamine5-溴-2-甲基嘧啶5-Bromo-2-methylpyridine氯化镁MagnesiumChloride。
化学类专业英语词汇
专业英语词汇Unit 1 TEXT A：Chemical Reactions and Group Reactionscustomary a. 通常的，惯例的handle n.柄vt.触摸handling n.处理，管理derive vt.取得，得到，衍生oxidate vt.使氧化oxidation n.satisfactory a.令人满意的，符合要求的rapid a.快的，迅速的，动作快的combustion n.燃烧somewhat pron. ad. 一点点，几分，有点effort n.努力commercial a.商业的，商务的undesirable a.不合需要的，不受欢迎的，讨厌的retard vt.延迟，放慢，使停滞transformer n.变压器transform vt.改变，转变automotive a.自动的，机动的，汽车的cracked 裂化的sluge n.软泥，淤泥stiff a.硬的，强烈的extent 广度，程度distillation n.蒸馏distill vt.vi.unrefined a.未精致，未提炼的acidity n.酸味，酸性acidify vt. Vi.Involve vt.包缠，卷缠Fell=followingIndividual a.个人的，个体的Presumable a.可假定的，可推测的Destruction n.破坏，毁灭Overall n。
a.全面的，综合的Exceed 超过，胜过Isolate vt.隔离，孤立，使离析iso—构词成分“均匀”“异构”“苯”Analyse vt. 分析，分解Carbonyl 羰基Carboxyl 羧基Hydroxyl 羟基Decomposition 分解Alkyl 烷基，烃基Aldehyde n.醛Yield vt. 出产，产出Explosive a. 爆炸Vapor n.蒸汽，vi.蒸发Propagation 繁殖，增殖；传播Dehydrate vt.使脱水Acet 构词成分Acetaldehyde 乙醛Resin n.树脂Resinous a.树脂的Carboxylic a.羟基的Substantial a.物质的，实质的Susceptible a.易受感动的，敏感的Analogous a.类似的，相似的（to）Response n.作答，回答，响应，反应Readily ad.乐意地，很快地Readiness n.准备就绪，愿意Extent n.广度长度Steric 空间的，位的Likewise ad.同样的，照样地；也，又Suffer vt.遭受，经历Progressive a.进步的，长进的，渐次的Adjacent a.邻近的，紧挨着的Terminal a.末端的，终点的MethyleneBromide n.溴化物Substitute n.代替物（人），代用品substitution n.代替，替换Remote a.相隔较远的Acetone n.丙酮Ether n.醚，乙醚Correspond vi.符合，一致；相当，相应Reservation n.保留，预定Tend vi.走向，趋向。
化学英语专业词汇（PDF）
Actinium(Ac)锕Aluminium(Al)铝Americium(Am)镅Antimony(Sb)锑Argon(Ar)氩Arsenic(As)砷Astatine(At)砹Barium(Ba)钡Berkelium(Bk)锫Beryllium(Be)铍Bismuth(Bi)铋Boron(B)硼Bromine(Br)溴Cadmium(Cd)镉Caesium(Cs)铯Calcium(Ca)钙Californium(Cf)锎Carbon(C)碳Cerium(Ce)铈Chlorine(Cl)氯Chromium(Cr)铬Cobalt(Co)钴Copper(Cu)铜Curium(Cm)锔Dysprosium(Dy)镝Erbium(Er)铒Europium(Eu)铕Fermium(Fm)镄Fluorine(F)氟Francium(Fr)钫Gadolinium(Gd)钆Gallium(Ga)镓Germanium(Ge)锗Gold(Au)金Hafnium(Hf)铪Helium(He)氦Holmium(Ho)钬Hydrogen(H)氢Indium(In)铟Iodine(I)碘Iridium(Ir)铱Iron(Fe)铁Krypton(Kr)氪Lanthanum(La)镧Lawrencium(Lr)铹Lead(Pb)铅Lithium(Li)锂Lutetium(Lu)镥Magnesium(Mg)镁Manganese(Mn)锰Mercury(Hg)汞Molybdenum(Mo)钼Neodymium(Nd)钕Neon(Ne)氖Neptunium(Np)镎Nickel(Ni)镍Niobium(Nb)铌Nitrogen(N)氮Nobelium(No)锘Osmium(Os)锇Oxygen(O)氧Palladium(Pd)钯Phosphorus(P)磷Platinum(Pt)铂Plutonium(Pu)钚Polonium(Po)钋Potassium(K)钾Praseodymium(Pr)镨Promethium(Pm)钷Protactinium(Pa)镤Radium(Ra)镭Radon(Rn)氡Rhenium(Re)铼Rhodium(Rh)铑Rubidium(Rb)铷Samarium(Sm)钐Scandium(Sc)钪Selenium(Se)硒Silicon(Si)硅Silver(Ag)银Sodium(Na)钠Strontium(Sr)锶Sulphur(S)锍Tantalum(Ta)钽Technetium(Tc)锝Tellurium(Te)碲Terbium(Tb)铽Thallium(Tl)铊Thorium(Th)钍Tin(Sn)锡Thulium(Tm)铥Titanium(Ti)钛Tungsten(W)钨Uranium(U)铀Vanadium(V)钒Xenon(Xe)氙Ytterbium(Yb)镱Yttrium(Y)钇Zinc(Zn)锌Zirconium(Zr)锆product化学反应产物flask烧瓶apparatus设备PH indicator PH值指示剂,氢离子(浓度的)负指数指示剂matrass卵形瓶litmus石蕊litmus paper石蕊试纸graduate,graduated flask量筒,量杯reagent试剂test tube试管burette滴定管retort曲颈甑still蒸馏釜cupel烤钵crucible pot,melting pot坩埚pipette吸液管filter滤管stirring rod搅拌棒element元素body物体compound化合物atom原子gram atom克原子atomic weight原子量atomic number原子数molecule分子electrolyte电解质ion离子anion阴离子cation阳离子electron电子isotope同位素isomer同分异物现象polymer聚合物symbol复合radical基structural formula分子式valence,valency价monovalent单价bivalent二价halogen成盐元素bond原子的聚合mixture混合combination合成作用compound合成物alloy合金organic chemistry有机化学inorganic chemistry无机化学derivative衍生物series系列hydrochloric acid盐酸sulphuric acid硫酸nitric acid硝酸aqua fortis王水fatty acid脂肪酸organic acid有机酸hydrosulphuric acid氢硫酸hydrogen sulfide氢化硫alkali碱,强碱ammonia氨base碱hydrate水合物hydroxide氢氧化物,羟化物hydracid氢酸hydrocarbon碳氢化合物,羟anhydride酐alkaloid生物碱aldehyde醛oxide氧化物phosphate磷酸盐acetate醋酸盐methane甲烷,沼气butane丁烷salt盐potassium carbonate碳酸钾sodium carbonate碳酸钠caustic potash苛性钾caustic soda苛性钠ester酯gel凝胶体analysis分解fractionation分馏endothermic reaction吸热反应exothermic reaction放热反应precipitation沉淀to precipitate沉淀to distil,to distill蒸馏distillation蒸馏to calcine煅烧to oxidize氧化alkalinization碱化to oxygenate,to oxidize脱氧,氧化to neutralize中和to hydrogenate氢化to hydrate水合,水化to dehydrate脱水fermentation发酵solution溶解combustion燃烧fusion,melting熔解isomerism,isomery同分异物现象hydrolysis水解electrolysis电解electrode电极anode阳极,正极cathode阴极,负极catalyst催化剂catalysis催化作用oxidization,oxidation氧化reducer还原剂dissolution分解synthesis合成reversible可逆的氨ammonia氨基酸amino acid铵盐ammonium salt饱和链烃saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon苯benzene变性denaturation不饱和烃unsaturated hydrocarbon超导材料superconductive material臭氧ozone醇alcohol次氯酸钾potassium hypochlorite醋酸钠sodium acetate氮族元素nitrogen group element碘化钾potassium iodide碘化钠sodium iodide电化学腐蚀electrochemical corrosion电解质electrolyte电离平衡ionization equilibrium电子云electron cloud淀粉starch淀粉碘化钾试纸starch potassium iodide paper 二氧化氮nitrogen dioxide二氧化硅silicon dioxide二氧化硫sulphur dioxide二氧化锰manganese dioxide芳香烃arene放热反应exothermic reaction非极性分子non-polar molecule非极性键non-polar bond肥皂soap分馏fractional distillation酚phenol复合材料composite干电池dry cell干馏dry distillation甘油glycerol高分子化合物polymer官能团functional group光化学烟雾photochemical fog过氧化氢hydrogen peroxide合成材料synthetic material合成纤维synthetic fiber合成橡胶synthetic rubber核电荷数nuclear charge number核素nuclide化学电源chemical power source 化学反应速率chemical reaction rate 化学键chemical bond化学平衡chemical equilibrium还原剂reducing agent磺化反应sulfonation reaction霍尔槽Hull Cell极性分子polar molecule极性键polar bond加成反应addition reaction加聚反应addition polymerization甲烷methane碱金属alkali metal碱石灰soda lime结构式structural formula聚合反应po1ymerization可逆反应reversible reaction空气污染指数air pollution index勒夏特列原理Le Chatelier's principle 离子反应ionic reaction离子方程式ionic equation离子键ionic bond锂电池lithium cell两性氢氧化物amphoteric hydroxide 两性氧化物amphoteric oxide裂化cracking裂解pyrolysis硫氰化钾potassium thiocyanate硫酸钠sodium sulphide氯化铵ammonium chloride氯化钡barium chloride氯化钾potassium chloride氯化铝aluminium chloride氯化镁magnesium chloride氯化氢hydrogen chloride氯化铁iron(III)chloride氯水chlorine water麦芽糖maltose煤coal酶enzyme摩尔mole摩尔质量molar mass品红magenta或fuchsine葡萄糖glucose气体摩尔体积molar volume of gas铅蓄电池lead storage battery强电解质strong electrolyte氢氟酸hydrogen chloride氢氧化铝aluminium hydroxide取代反应substitution reaction醛aldehyde炔烃alkyne燃料电池fuel cell弱电解质weak electrolyte石油Petroleum水解反应hydrolysis reaction四氯化碳carbon tetrachloride塑料plastic塑料的降解plastic degradation塑料的老化plastic ageing酸碱中和滴定acid-base neutralization titration酸雨acid rain羧酸carboxylic acid碳酸钠sodium carbonate碳酸氢铵ammonium bicarbonate碳酸氢钠sodium bicarbonate糖类carbohydrate烃hydrocarbon烃的衍生物derivative of hydrocarbon烃基hydrocarbonyl同分异构体isomer同素异形体allotrope同位素isotope同系物homo1og涂料coating烷烃alkane物质的量amount of substance物质的量浓度amount-of-substance concentration of B烯烃alkene洗涤剂detergent纤维素cellulose相对分子质量relative molecular mass相对原子质量relative atomic mass消去反应elimination reaction硝化反应nitratlon reaction硝酸钡barium nitrate硝酸银silver nitrate溴的四氯化碳溶液solution of bromine in carbon tetrachloride溴化钠sodium bromide溴水bromine water溴水bromine water盐类的水解hydrolysis of salts盐析salting-out焰色反应flame test氧化剂oxidizing agent氧化铝aluminium oxide氧化铁iron(III)oxide乙醇ethanol乙醛ethana1乙炔ethyne乙酸ethanoic acid乙酸乙酯ethyl acetate乙烯ethene银镜反应silver mirror reaction硬脂酸stearic acid油脂oils and fats有机化合物organic compound元素周期表periodic table of elements元素周期律periodic law of elements原电池primary battery原子序数atomic number皂化反应saponification粘合剂adhesive蔗糖sucrose指示剂Indicat or酯ester酯化反应esterification周期period族group（主族：main group）基础化学常用英语词汇380条1.The Ideal-Gas Equation理想气体状态方程2.Partial Pressures分压3.Real Gases:Deviation from Ideal Beh***ior真实气体：对理想气体行为的偏离4.The van der Waals Equation范德华方程5.System and Surroundings系统与环境6.State and State Functions状态与状态函数7.Process过程8.Phase相9.The First Law of Thermodynamics热力学第一定律10.Heat and Work热与功11.Endothermic and Exothermic Processes吸热与发热过程12.Enthalpies of Reactions反应热13.Hess’s Law盖斯定律14.Enthalpies of Formation生成焓15.Reaction Rates反应速率16.Reaction Order反应级数17.Rate Constants速率常数18.Activation Energy活化能19.The Arrhenius Equation阿累尼乌斯方程20.Reaction Mechanisms反应机理21.Homogeneous Catalysis均相催化剂22.Heterogeneous Catalysis非均相催化剂23.Enzymes酶24.The Equilibrium Constant平衡常数25.the Direction of Reaction反应方向26.Le Chatelier’s Principle列·沙特列原理27.Effects of Volume,Pressure,Temperature Changes and Catalystsi.体积，压力，温度变化以及催化剂的影响28.Spontaneous Processes自发过程29.Entropy(Standard Entropy)熵（标准熵）30.The Second Law of Thermodynamics热力学第二定律31.Entropy Changes熵变32.Standard Free-Energy Changes标准自由能变33.Acid-Bases酸碱34.The Dissociation of Water水离解35.The Proton in Water水合质子36.The pH Scales pH值37.Bronsted-Lowry Acids and Bases Bronsted-Lowry酸和碱38.Proton-Transfer Reactions质子转移反应39.Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs共轭酸碱对40.Relative Strength of Acids and Bases酸碱的相对强度41.Lewis Acids and Bases路易斯酸碱42.Hydrolysis of Metal Ions金属离子的水解43.Buffer Solutions缓冲溶液44.The Common-Ion Effects同离子效应45.Buffer Capacity缓冲容量46.Formation of Complex Ions配离子的形成47.Solubility溶解度48.The Solubility-Product Constant Ksp溶度积常数49.Precipitation and separation of Ions离子的沉淀与分离50.Selective Precipitation of Ions离子的选择沉淀51.Oxidation-Reduction Reactions氧化还原反应52.Oxidation Number氧化数53.Balancing Oxidation-Reduction Equations氧化还原反应方程的配平54.Half-Reaction半反应55.Galvani Cell原电池56.Voltaic Cell伏特电池57.Cell EMF电池电动势58.Standard Electrode Potentials标准电极电势59.Oxidizing and Reducing Agents氧化剂和还原剂60.The Nernst Equation能斯特方程61.Electrolysis电解62.The W***e Beh***ior of Electrons电子的波动性63.Bohr’s Model of The Hydrogen Atom氢原子的波尔模型64.Line Spectra线光谱65.Quantum Numbers量子数66.Electron Spin电子自旋67.Atomic Orbital原子轨道68.The s(p,d,f)Orbital s（p，d，f）轨道69.Many-Electron Atoms多电子原子70.Energies of Orbital轨道能量71.The Pauli Exclusion Principle泡林不相容原理72.Electron Configurations电子构型73.The Periodic Table周期表74.Row行75.Group族76.Isotopes,Atomic Numbers,and Mass Numbers同位素，原子数，质量数77.Periodic Properties of the Elements元素的周期律78.Radius of Atoms原子半径79.Ionization Energy电离能80.Electronegativity电负性81.Effective Nuclear Charge有效核电荷82.Electron Affinities亲电性83.Metals金属84.Nonmetals非金属85.Valence Bond Theory价键理论86.Covalence Bond共价键87.Orbital Overlap轨道重叠88.Multiple Bonds重键89.Hybrid Orbital杂化轨道90.The VSEPR Model价层电子对互斥理论91.Molecular Geometries分子空间构型92.Molecular Orbital分子轨道93.Diatomic Molecules双原子分子94.Bond Length键长95.Bond Order键级96.Bond Angles键角97.Bond Enthalpies键能98.Bond Polarity键矩99.Dipole Moments偶极矩100.Polarity Molecules极性分子101.Polyatomic Molecules多原子分子102.Crystal Structure晶体结构103.Non-Crystal非晶体104.Close Packing of Spheres球密堆积105.Metallic Solids金属晶体106.Metallic Bond金属键107.Alloys合金108.Ionic Solids离子晶体109.Ion-Dipole Forces离子偶极力110.Molecular Forces分子间力111.Intermolecular Forces分子间作用力112.Hydrogen Bonding氢键113.Covalent-Network Solids原子晶体pounds化合物115.The Nomenclature,Composition and Structure of Complexes配合物的命名，组成和结构116.Charges,Coordination Numbers,and Geometries电荷数、配位数、及几何构型117.Chelates螯合物118.Isomerism异构现象119.Structural Isomerism结构异构120.Stereoisomerism立体异构121.Magnetism磁性122.Electron Configurations in Octahedral Complexes八面体构型配合物的电子分布123.Tetrahedral and Square-planar Complexes四面体和平面四边形配合物124.General Characteristics共性125.s-Block Elements s区元素126.Alkali Metals碱金属127.Alkaline Earth Metals碱土金属128.Hydrides氢化物129.Oxides氧化物130.Peroxides and Superoxides过氧化物和超氧化物131.Hydroxides氢氧化物132.Salts盐133.p-Block Elements p区元素134.Boron Group(Boron,Aluminium,Gallium,Indium,Thallium)硼族（硼，铝，镓，铟，铊）135.Borane硼烷136.Carbon Group(Carbon,Silicon,Germanium,Tin,Lead)碳族（碳，硅，锗，锡，铅）137.Graphite,Carbon Monoxide,Carbon Dioxide石墨，一氧化碳，二氧化碳138.Carbonic Acid,Carbonates and Carbides碳酸，碳酸盐，碳化物139.Occurrence and Preparation of Silicon硅的存在和制备140.Silicic Acid，Silicates硅酸，硅酸盐141.Nitrogen Group(Phosphorus,Arsenic,Antimony,and Bismuth)氮族（磷，砷，锑，铋）142.Ammonia,Nitric Acid,Phosphoric Acid氨，硝酸，磷酸143.Phosphorates,phosphorus Halides磷酸盐，卤化磷144.Oxygen Group(Oxygen,Sulfur,Selenium,and Tellurium)氧族元素（氧，硫，硒，碲）145.Ozone,Hydrogen Peroxide臭氧，过氧化氢146.Sulfides硫化物147.Halogens(Fluorine,Chlorine,Bromine,Iodine)卤素（氟，氯，溴，碘）148.Halides,Chloride卤化物，氯化物149.The Noble Gases稀有气体150.Noble-Gas Compounds稀有气体化合物151.d-Block elements d区元素152.Transition Metals过渡金属153.Potassium Dichromate重铬酸钾154.Potassium Permanganate高锰酸钾155.Iron Copper Zinc Mercury铁，铜，锌，汞156.f-Block Elements f区元素nthanides镧系元素158.Radioactivity放射性159.Nuclear Chemistry核化学160.Nuclear Fission核裂变161.Nuclear Fusion核聚变162.analytical chemistry分析化学163.qualitative analysis定性分析164.quantitative analysis定量分析165.chemical analysis化学分析166.instrumental analysis仪器分析167.titrimetry滴定分析168.gr***imetric analysis重量分析法169.regent试剂170.chromatographic analysis色谱分析171.product产物172.electrochemical analysis电化学分析173.on-line analysis在线分析174.macro analysis常量分析175.characteristic表征176.micro analysis微量分析177.deformation analysis形态分析178.semimicro analysis半微量分析179.systematical error系统误差180.routine analysis常规分析181.random error偶然误差182.arbitration analysis仲裁分析183.gross error过失误差184.normal distribution正态分布185.accuracy准确度186.deviation偏差187.precision精密度188.relative standard deviation相对标准偏差（RSD）189.coefficient variation变异系数（CV）190.confidence level置信水平191.confidence interval置信区间192.significant test显著性检验193.significant figure有效数字194.standard solution标准溶液195.titration滴定196.stoichiometric point化学计量点197.end point滴定终点198.titration error滴定误差199.primary standard基准物质200.amount of substance物质的量201.standardization标定202.chemical reaction化学反应203.concentration浓度204.chemical equilibrium化学平衡205.titer滴定度206.general equation for a chemical reaction化学反应的通式207.proton theory of acid-base酸碱质子理论208.acid-base titration酸碱滴定法209.dissociation constant解离常数210.conjugate acid-base pair共轭酸碱对211.acetic acid乙酸212.hydronium ion水合氢离子213.electrolyte电解质214.ion-product constant of water水的离子积215.ionization电离216.proton condition质子平衡217.zero level零水准218.buffer solution缓冲溶液219.methyl orange甲基橙220.acid-base indicator酸碱指示剂221.phenolphthalein酚酞222.coordination compound配位化合物223.center ion中心离子224.cumulative stability constant累积稳定常数225.alpha coefficient酸效应系数226.overall stability constant总稳定常数227.ligand配位体228.ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid乙二胺四乙酸229.side reaction coefficient副反应系数230.coordination atom配位原子231.coordination number配位数232.lone pair electron孤对电子233.chelate compound螯合物234.metal indicator金属指示剂235.chelating agent螯合剂236.masking掩蔽237.demasking解蔽238.electron电子239.catalysis催化240.oxidation氧化241.catalyst催化剂242.reduction还原243.catalytic reaction催化反应244.reaction rate反应速率245.electrode potential电极电势246.activation energy反应的活化能247.redox couple氧化还原电对248.potassium permanganate高锰酸钾249.iodimetry碘量法250.potassium dichromate重铬酸钾251.cerimetry铈量法252.redox indicator氧化还原指示253.oxygen consuming耗氧量（OC）254.chemical oxygen demanded化学需氧量(COD) 255.dissolved oxygen溶解氧(DO)256.precipitation沉淀反应257.argentimetry银量法258.heterogeneous equilibrium of ions多相离子平衡259.aging陈化260.postprecipitation继沉淀261.coprecipitation共沉淀262.ignition灼烧263.fitration过滤264.decantation倾泻法265.chemical factor化学因数266.spectrophotometry分光光度法267.colorimetry比色分析268.transmittance透光率269.absorptivity吸光率270.calibration curve校正曲线271.standard curve标准曲线272.monochromator单色器273.source光源274.w***elength dispersion色散275.absorption cell吸收池276.detector检测系统277.bathochromic shift红移278.Molar absorptivity摩尔吸光系数279.hypochromic shift紫移280.acetylene乙炔281.ethylene乙烯282.acetylating agent乙酰化剂283.acetic acid乙酸284.adiethyl ether乙醚285.ethyl alcohol乙醇286.acetaldehtde乙醛287.β-dicarbontl compoundβ–二羰基化合物288.bimolecular elimination双分子消除反应289.bimolecular nucleophilic substitution双分子亲核取代反应290.open chain compound开链族化合物291.molecular orbital theory分子轨道理论292.chiral molecule手性分子293.tautomerism互变异构现象294.reaction mechanism反应历程295.chemical shift化学位移296.Walden inversio瓦尔登反转n297.Enantiomorph对映体298.addition rea ction加成反应299.dextro-右旋300.levo-左旋301.stereochemistry立体化学302.stereo isomer立体异构体303.Lucas reagent卢卡斯试剂304.covalent bond共价键305.conjugated diene共轭二烯烃306.conjugated double bond共轭双键307.conjugated system共轭体系308.conjugated effect共轭效应309.isomer同分异构体310.isomerism同分异构现象anic chemistry有机化学312.hybridization杂化313.hybrid orbital杂化轨道314.heterocyclic compound杂环化合物315.peroxide effect过氧化物效应t316.valence bond theory价键理论317.sequence rule次序规则318.electron-attracting grou p吸电子基319.Huckel rule休克尔规则320.Hinsberg test兴斯堡试验321.infrared spectrum红外光谱322.Michael reacton麦克尔反应323.halogenated hydrocarbon卤代烃324.haloform reaction卤仿反应325.systematic nomenclatur系统命名法e326.Newman projection纽曼投影式327.aromatic compound芳香族化合物328.aromatic character芳香性r329.Claisen condensation reaction克莱森酯缩合反应330.Claisen rearrangement克莱森重排331.Diels-Alder reation狄尔斯-阿尔得反应332.Clemmensen reduction克莱门森还原333.Cannizzaro reaction坎尼扎罗反应334.positional isomers位置异构体335.unimolecular elimination reaction单分子消除反应336.unimolecular nucleophilic substitution单分子亲核取代反应337.benzene苯338.functional grou官能团p339.configuration构型340.conformation构象341.confomational isome构象异构体342.electrophilic addition亲电加成343.electrophilic reagent亲电试剂344.nucleophilic addition亲核加成345.nucleophilic reagent亲核试剂346.nucleophilic substitution reaction亲核取代反应347.active intermediate活性中间体348.Saytzef f rule查依采夫规则349.cis-trans isomerism顺反异构350.inductive effect诱导效应t351.Fehling’s reagent费林试剂352.phase transfer catalysis相转移催化作用353.aliphatic compound脂肪族化合物354.elimination reaction消除反应355.Grignard reagent格利雅试剂356.nuclear magnetic resonance核磁共振357.alkene烯烃358.allyl cation烯丙基正离子359.le***ing group离去基团360.optical activity旋光性361.boat confomation船型构象362.silver mirror reaction银镜反应363.Fischer projection菲舍尔投影式364.Kekule structure凯库勒结构式365.Friedel-Crafts reaction傅列德尔-克拉夫茨反应366.Ketone酮367.carboxylic acid羧酸368.carboxylic acid derivative羧酸衍生物369.hydroboration硼氢化反应370.bond oength键长371.bond energy键能372.bond angle键角373.carbohydrate碳水化合物374.carbocation碳正离子375.carbanion碳负离子376.alcohol醇377.Gofmann rule霍夫曼规则378.Aldehyde醛379.Ether醚380.Polymer聚合物。
化学专业英语电子版
Chapter 1 Matter and MeasurementChemistry is the science of matter and the changes it undergoes. Chemists study the composition, structure, and properties of matter. They observe the changes that matter undergoes and measure the energy that is produced or consumed during these changes. Chemistry provides an understanding of many natural events and has led to the synthesis of new forms of matter that have greatly affected the way we live.Disciplines within chemistry are traditionally grouped by the type of matter being studied or the kind of study. These include inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, physical chemistry, analytical chemistry, polymer chemistry, biochemistry, and many more specialized disciplines, e.g. radiochemistry, theoretical chemistry.Chemistry is often called "the central science" because it connects the other natural sciences such as astronomy, physics, material science, biology and geology.1.1. Classification of MatterMatter is usually defined as anything that has mass and occupies space. Mass is the amount of matter in an object. The mass of an object does not change. The volume of an object is how much space the object takes up.All the different forms of matter in our world fall into two principal categories: (1) pure substances and (2) mixtures. A pure substance can also be defined as a form of matter that has both definite composition and distinct properties. Pure substances are subdivided into two groups: elements and compounds. An element is the simplest kind of material with unique physical and chemical properties; it can not be broken down into anything simpler by either physical or chemical means. A compound is a pure substance that consists of two or more elements linked together in characteristic and definite proportions; it can be decomposed by a chemical change into simpler substances with a fixedmass ratio. Mixtures contain two or more chemical substances in variable proportions in which the pure substances retain their chemical identities. In principle, they can be separated into the component substances by physical means, involving physical changes. A sample is homogeneous if it always has the same composition, no matter what part of the sample is examined. Pure elements and pure chemical compounds are homogeneous. Mixtures can be homogeneous, too; in a homogeneous mixture the constituents are distributed uniformly and the composition and appearance of the mixture are uniform throughout. A solutions is a special type of homogeneous mixture. A heterogeneous mixture has physically distinct parts with different properties. The classification of matter is summarized in the diagram below:Matter can also be categorized into four distinct phases: solid, liquid, gas, and plasma. The solid phase of matter has the atoms packed closely together. An object that is solid has a definite shape and volume that cannot be changed easily. The liquid phase of matter has the atoms packed closely together, but they flow freely around each other. Matter that is liquid has a definite volume but changes shape quite easily. Solids and liquids are termed condensed phases because of their well-defined volumes. The gas phase of matter has the atoms loosely arranged so they can travel in and out easily. A gas has neither specific shape nor constant volume. The plasma phase of matter has the atoms existing in an excited state.1.2. Properties of MatterAll substances have properties, the characteristics that give each substance its unique identity. We learn about matter by observing its properties. To identify a substance, chemists observe two distinct types of properties, physical and chemical, which are closely related to two types of change that matter undergoes.Physical properties are those that a substance shows by itself, without changing into or interacting with another substance. Some physical properties are color, smell, temperature, boiling point, electrical conductivity, and density. A physical change is a change that does not alter the chemical identity of the matter. A physical change results in different physical properties. For example, when ice melts, several physical properties have changed, such as hardness, density, and ability to flow. But the sample has not changed its composition: it is still water.Chemical properties are those that do change the chemical nature of matter. A chemical change, also called a chemical reaction, is a change that does alter the chemical identity of the substance. It occurs when a substance (or substances) is converted into a different substance (or substances). For example, when hydrogen burns in air, it undergoes a chemical change because it combines with oxygen to form water.Separation of MixturesThe separation of mixtures into its constituents in a pure state is an important process in chemistry. The constituents of any mixture can be separated on the basis of their differences in their physical and chemical properties, e.g., particle size, solubility, effect of heat, acidity or basicity etc.Some of the methods for separation of mixtures are:(1)Sedimentation or decantation. To separatethe mixture of coarse particles of a solidfrom a liquid e.g., muddy river water.(2)Filtration. To separate the insoluble solidcomponent of a mixture from the liquidcompletely i.e. separating the precipitate(solid phase) from any solution.(3)Evaporation. To separate a non-volatilesoluble salt from a liquid or recover thesoluble solid solute from the solution.(4)Crystallization. To separate a solidcompound in pure and geometrical form.(5)Sublimation. To separate volatile solids,from a non-volatile solid.(6)Distillation. To separate the constituents of aliquid mixture, which differ in their boilingpoints.(7)Solvent extraction method. Organiccompounds, which are easily soluble inorganic solvents but insoluble or immisciblewith water forming two separate layers canbe easily separated.1.3 Atoms, Molecules and CompoundsThe fundamental unit of a chemical substance is called an atom. The word is derived from the Greek atomos, meaning “undivisible”or “uncuttable”.An atom is the smallest possible particle of a substance.Molecule is the smallest particle of a substance that retains the chemical and physical properties of the substance and is composed of two or more atoms;a group of like or different atoms held together by chemical forces. A molecule may consist of atoms of a single chemical element, as with oxygen (O2), or of different elements, as with water (H2O).A chemical element is a pure chemical substance consisting of one type of atom distinguished by its atomic number, which is the number of protons in its nucleus. The term is also used to refer to a pure chemical substance composed of atoms with the same number of protons. Until March 2010, 118 elements have been observed. 94 elements occur naturally on earth, either as the pure element or more commonly as a component in compounds. 80 elements have stable isotopes, namely all elements with atomic numbers 1 to 82, except elements 43 and 61 (technetium and promethium). Elements with atomic numbers 83 or higher (bismuth and above) are inherently unstable, and undergo radioactive decay. The elements from atomic number 83 to 94 have no stable nuclei, but are nevertheless found in nature, either surviving as remnants of the primordial stellar nucleosynthesisthat produced the elements in the solar system, or else produced as short-lived daughter-isotopes through the natural decay of uranium and thorium. The remaining 24 elements so are artificial, or synthetic, elements, which are products of man-induced processes. These synthetic elements are all characteristically unstable. Although they have not been found in nature, it is conceivable that in the early history of the earth, these and possibly other unknown elements may have been present. Their unstable nature could have resulted in their disappearance from the natural components of the earth, however.The naturally occurring elements were not all discovered at the same time. Some, such as gold, silver, iron, lead, and copper, have been known since the days of earliest civilizations. Others, such as helium, radium, aluminium, and bromine, were discovered in the nineteenth century. The most abundant elements found in the earth’s crust, in order of decreasing percentage, are oxygen, silicon, aluminium, and iron. Others present in amounts of 1% or more are calcium, sodium, potassium, and magnesium. Together, these represent about 98.5% of the earth’s crust.The nomenclature and their origins of all known elements will be described in Chapter 2.A chemical compound is a pure chemical substance consisting of two or more different chemical elements that can be separated into simpler substances by chemical reactions. Chemical compounds have a unique and defined chemical structure; they consist of a fixed ratio of atoms that are held together in a defined spatial arrangement by chemical bonds. Compounds that exist as molecules are called molecular compounds. An ionic compound is a chemical compound in which ions are held together in a lattice structure by ionic bonds. Usually, the positively charged portion consists of metal cations and the negatively charged portion is an anion or polyatomic ion.The relative amounts of the elements in a particular compound do not change: Every molecule of a particular chemical substance contains acharacteristic number of atoms of its constituent elements. For example, every water molecule contains two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. To describe this atomic composition, chemists write the chemical formula for water as H2O.The chemical formula for water shows how formulas are constructed. The formula lists the symbols of all elements found in the compound, in this case H (hydrogen) and O (oxygen). A subscript number after an element's symbol denotes how many atoms of that element are present in the molecule. The subscript 2 in the formula for water indicates that each molecule contains two hydrogen atoms. No subscript is used when only one atom is present, as is the case for the oxygen atom in a water molecule. Atoms are indivisible, so molecules always contain whole numbers of atoms. Consequently, the subscripts in chemical formulas of molecular substances are always integers. We explore chemical formulas in greater detail in Chapter 2.The simple formula that gives the simplest whole number ratio between the atoms of the various elements present in the compound is called its empirical formula. The simplest formula that gives the actual number of atoms of the various elements present in a molecule of any compound is called its molecular formula. Elemental analysis is an experiment that determines the amount (typically a weight percent) of an element in a compound. The elemental analysis permits determination of the empirical formula, and the molecular weight and elemental analysis permit determination of the molecular formula.1.4. Numbers in Physical Quantities1.4.1. Measurement1.Physical QuantitiesPhysical properties such as height, volume, and temperature that can be measured are called physical quantity. A number and a unit of defined size are required to describe physical quantity, for example, 10 meters, 9 kilograms.2.Exact NumbersExact Numbers are numbers known withcertainty. They have unlimited number of significant figures. They arise by directly counting numbers, for example, the number of sides on a square, or by definition:1 m = 100 cm, 1 kg = 1000 g1 L = 1000 mL, 1 minute = 60seconds3.Uncertainty in MeasurementNumbers that result from measurements are never exact. Every experimental measurement, no matter how precise, has a degree of uncertainty to it because there is a limit to the number of digits that can be determined. There is always some degree of uncertainty due to experimental errors: limitations of the measuring instrument, variations in how each individual makes measurements, or other conditions of the experiment.Precision and AccuracyIn the fields of engineering, industry and statistics, the accuracy of a measurement system is the degree of closeness of measurements results to its actual (true) value. The precision of a measurement system, also called reproducibility or repeatability, is the degree to which repeated measurements under unchanged conditions show the same results. Although the two words can be synonymous in colloquial use, they are deliberately contrasted in the context of the scientific method.A measurement system can be accurate but not precise, precise but not accurate, neither, or both. A measurement system is called valid if it is both accurate and precise. Related terms are bias (non-random or directed effects caused by a factor or factors unrelated by the independent variable) and error(random variability), respectively. Random errors result from uncontrolled variables in an experiment and affect precision; systematic errors can be assigned to definite causes and affect accuracy. For example, if an experiment contains a systematic error, then increasing the sample size generally increases precision but does not improve accuracy. Eliminating the systematic error improves accuracy but does not change precision.1.4.2 Significant FiguresThe number of digits reported in a measurement reflects the accuracy of the measurement and the precision of the measuring device. Significant figures in a number include all of the digits that are known with certainty, plus the first digit to the right that has an uncertain value. For example, the uncertainty in the mass of a powder sample, i.e., 3.1267g as read from an “analytical balance” is 0.0001g.In any calculation, the results are reported to the fewest significant figures (for multiplication and division) or fewest decimal places (addition and subtraction).1.Rules for deciding the number of significantfigures in a measured quantity:The number of significant figures is found by counting from left to right, beginning with the first nonzero digit and ending with the digit that has the uncertain value, e.g.,459 (3) 0.206 (3) 2.17(3) 0.00693 (3) 25.6 (3) 7390 (3) 7390. (4)(1)All nonzero digits are significant, e.g., 1.234g has 4 significant figures, 1.2 g has 2significant figures.(2)Zeroes between nonzero digits aresignificant: e.g., 1002 kg has 4 significantfigures, 3.07 mL has 3 significant figures.(3)Leading zeros to the left of the first nonzerodigits are not significant; such zeroes merelyindicate the position of the decimal point:e.g., 0.001 m has only 1 significant figure,0.012 g has 2 significant figures.(4)Trailing zeroes that are also to the right of adecimal point in a number are significant:e.g., 0.0230 mL has 3 significant figures,0.20 g has 2 significant figures.(5)When a number ends in zeroes that are notto the right of a decimal point, the zeroes arenot necessarily significant: e.g., 190 milesmay be 2 or 3 significant figures, 50,600calories may be 3, 4, or 5 significant figures.The potential ambiguity in the last rule can be avoided by the use of standard exponential, or "scientific" notation. For example, depending onwhether the number of significant figures is 3, 4, or 5, we would write 50,600 calories as:5.06 × 104 calories (3 significant figures)5.060 ×104calories (4 significant figures), or5.0600 × 104 calories (5 significant figures).2.Rules for rounding off numbers(1)If the digit to be dropped is greater than 5,the last retained digit is increased by one.For example, 12.6 is rounded to 13.(2)If the digit to be dropped is less than 5, thelast remaining digit is left as it is. Forexample, 12.4 is rounded to 12.(3)If the digit to be dropped is 5, and if anydigit following it is not zero, the lastremaining digit is increased by one. Forexample, 12.51 is rounded to 13.(4)If the digit to be dropped is 5 and isfollowed only by zeroes, the last remainingdigit is increased by one if it is odd, but leftas it is if even. For example, 11.5 is roundedto 12, 12.5 is rounded to 12.This rule means that if the digit to be dropped is 5 followed only by zeroes, the result is always rounded to the even digit. The rationale is to avoid bias in rounding: half of the time we round up, half the time we round down.3.Arithmetic using significant figuresIn carrying out calculations, the general rule is that the accuracy of a calculated result is limited by the least accurate measurement involved in the calculation.(1) In addition and subtraction, the result is rounded off to the last common digit occurring furthest to the right in all components. Another way to state this rules, is that, in addition and subtraction, the result is rounded off so that it has the same number of decimal places as the measurement having the fewest decimal places. For example,100 (assume 3 significant figures) + 23.643 (5 significant figures) = 123.643,which should be rounded to 124 (3 significant figures).(2) In multiplication and division, the resultshould be rounded off so as to have the same number of significant figures as in the component with the least number of significant figures. For example,3.0 (2 significant figures ) ×12.60 (4 significant figures) = 37.8000which should be rounded off to 38 (2 significant figures).1.4.3 Scientific NotationScientific notation, also known as standard form or as exponential notation, is a way of writing numbers that accommodates values too large or small to be conveniently written in standard decimal notation.In scientific notation all numbers are written like this:a × 10b("a times ten to the power of b"), where the exponent b is an integer, and the coefficient a is any real number, called the significant or mantissa (though the term "mantissa" may cause confusion as it can also refer to the fractional part of the common logarithm). If the number is negative then a minus sign precedes a (as in ordinary decimal notation).In standard scientific notation the significant figures of a number are retained in a factor between 1 and 10 and the location of the decimal point is indicated by a power of 10. For example:An electron's mass is about 0.00000000000000000000000000000091093822 kg. In scientific notation, this is written 9.1093822×10−31 kg.The Earth's mass is about 5973600000000000000000000 kg. In scientific notation, this is written 5.9736×1024 kg.1.5 Units of Measurement1.5.1 Systems of Measurement1.United States Customary System (USCS)The United States customary system (also called American system) is the most commonly used system of measurement in the United States. It is similar but not identical to the British Imperial units. The U.S. is the only industrialized nation that does not mainly use the metric system in its commercial and standards activities. Base units are defined butseem arbitrary (e.g. there are 12 inches in 1 foot)2.MetricThe metric system is an international decimalized system of measurement, first adopted by France in 1791, that is the common system of measuring units used by most of the world. It exists in several variations, with different choices of fundamental units, though the choice of base units does not affect its day-to-day use. Over the last two centuries, different variants have been considered the metric system. Metric units are universally used in scientific work, and widely used around the world for personal and commercial purposes. A standard set of prefixes in powers of ten may be used to derive larger and smaller units from the base units.3.SISI system (for Système International) was adopted by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures in 1960, it is a revision and extension of the metric system. Scientists and engineers throughout the world in all disciplines are now being urged to use only the SI system of units.1.5.2 SI base unitsThe SI is founded on seven SI base units for seven base quantities assumed to be mutually independent, as given in Table 1.1.Table 1.1 SI Base Physical Quantities and UnitsU n i tN a m e UnitSymbolBaseQuantityQuantitySymbolDimensionSymbolm m l l Le t e r e n g t hk i lo g r a m kgmassm Ms ec o nd stimet Ta mp e r e AelectriccurrentI Ik el v i n KthermodynTΘm i ct e m p e r a t u r em o l e molamountofsubstancen Nc an d e l a cdluminousIvJntensity1.5.3 SI derived unitsOther quantities, called derived quantities, aredefined in terms of the seven base quantities via asystem of quantity equations. The SI derived unitsfor these derived quantities are obtained from theseequations and the seven SI base units. Examples ofsuch SI derived units are given in Table 1.2, where itshould be noted that the symbol 1 for quantities ofdimension 1 such as mass fraction is generallyomitted.Table 1.2 SI Derived Physical Quantities and(symbol) Unit(symbol)UArea (A) squaremeterm V olume (V) cubicmeterm Density (ρ) kilogramper cubicmeterkVelocity (u) meterpersecondmPressure (p) pascal(Pa)kEnergy (E) joule (J) (k Frequency (ν) hertz(Hz)1Quantity of electricity (Q) coulomb(C)AElectromotive force (E) volt (V) (kmsForce (F) newton(N)kFor ease of understanding and convenience, 22SI derived units have been given special names andsymbols, as shown in Table 1.3.Table 1.3 SI Derived Units with special names andsymbolsD e r i v e dq u a n t i t y SpecialnameSpecialSymbolExpressionintermsofotherSIunitsSIbaseunitsp r r ml a n ea n g l e adianad·m-1=1s o l i da n g l e steradiansrm2·m-2=1f r e q u e n c y hertzHzs-1f o r c e newtonN m·kg·s-2p p P N mr e s s u r e ,s t r e s s ascala/m21·kg·s-2e n e r g y ,w o r k ,q u a n t i t yo fh e a jouleJ N·mm2·kg·s-2p o w e r ,r a d i a n tf l u x wattW J/sm2·kg·s-3e l e c t r i cc h a r g e q u a n t i t y coulombC s·Afe l e c t r i c i t ye l e c t r i cp o t e n t i a l ,p o t e n t i a l voltV W/Am2·kg·s-3·A-1i f f e r e n c e ,e l e c t r o m o t i v ef o r c ec a p a c i t a n c e faradF C/Vm-2·kg-1·s 4·A 2e l e c t r i cr e s i s t a n c e ohmΩV/Am2·kg·s-3·A-2e l e c t r i cc o nd u c t a n c siemensS A/Vm-2·kg-1·s2·Aem a g n e t i cf l u x weberWbV·sm2·kg·s-2·A-1m a g n e t i cf l u xd e n s i t y teslaT Wb/m2kg·s-2·A-1i n d henH Wb/m2u c t a n c e ryA ·kg·s-2·A-2C e l s i u st e m p e r a t u r e degreeCelsius°CKl u m i n o u s lumenlmcd·srcd·srl u xi l l u m i n a n c e luxlxlm/m2m-2·cd·sra c t i v i t y( o far a d i o n u c l i d e becquerelBqs-1a b s o r b e dd o se ,s p e c i f i ce n e r g y( i m p a r t e d ) ,grayGyJ/kgm2·s-2e r m ad o s ee q u i v a l e n t ,e ta l .sievertSvJ/kgm2·s-2c a t a l y t i ca c t i v i katalkats-1·molyCertain units that are not part of the SI are essential and used so widely that they are accepted by the CIPM (Commission Internationale des Poids Et Mesures) for use with the SI. Some commonly used units are given in Table 1.4.Table 1.4 Non-SI units accepted for use with theSIN a m e SymbolQuantityEquivalentSIunitmi n u t e mintime1min=6sho u r htime1h6min=36s da y dtime1d=24h=144min=864sdegreeo fa r c °planeangle1°=(π/18)radm i n u t eo fa r c ′planeangle1′=(1/6)°=(π/18radsecondo fa r c ″planeangle1″=(1/6)′=(1/36)°=(π/648)rdhect a r e haarea1ha=1a=1m²l i t r e lorLvolume1l=1dm3=.1m3ton n e tmass1t=13kg=1MgThe 20 SI prefixes used to form decimal multiples and submultiples of SI units are given in Table 1.5.Table 1.5 SI PrefixesF a c t o r NameSymbolFactorNameSymbol1 0 24yottaY 1-1decid1 0 21zettZ 1-2centc。
化学专业英语
化学专业英语化学专业英语在学习和工作中扮演着重要角色，对于化学领域的专业人士来说，掌握一定的英语能力是必不可少的。
本文将介绍化学专业英语的重要性、常用术语及学习方法。
重要性在当今全球化的社会中，英语已成为国际交流的通用语言。
化学作为一门重要的自然科学学科，与许多其他领域有着千丝万缕的联系。
因此，化学专业人士需要与不同国家和地区的同行进行交流，参与国际性的研究合作。
良好的英语能力可以帮助化学专业人士更好地理解和沟通最新的研究成果，实现信息共享和合作。
此外，化学领域的文献、期刊、会议报告等大多数都是用英语进行撰写和交流的。
若想深入研究和了解前沿化学知识，就必须具备良好的英语阅读和写作能力。
常用术语以下是化学专业中常用的一些英语术语：•Atom - 原子•Molecule - 分子•Chemical Bond - 化学键•Chemical Reaction - 化学反应•Element - 元素•Compound - 化合物•Organic Chemistry - 有机化学•Inorganic Chemistry - 无机化学•Physical Chemistry - 物理化学•Analytical Chemistry - 分析化学•Biochemistry - 生物化学•Polymer - 聚合物熟练掌握这些术语对于化学专业学习和工作至关重要。
学习方法要提高化学专业英语水平，以下是一些建议的学习方法：1.多读英文文献：阅读化学领域的英文期刊、论文或专业书籍，可以帮助提升英语阅读能力和专业术语的熟练掌握。
2.参加英语课程：参加专门针对化学专业英语的培训班或课程，系统学习化学领域的英语知识。
3.与外国同行交流：积极参与国际会议、学术交流活动，与外国同行进行交流，提高英语口语表达能力。
4.写作练习：多写化学相关的英文论文摘要、实验报告等，提升英语写作技巧。
5.背单词：每天坚持背诵一些化学专业英语词汇，扩大词汇量。
化学专业英语-命名
非金属氢化物
除了水和氨气使用俗称water，ammonia以外，其它的非金属氢化物 都用系统名称，命名规则根据化学式的写法不同而有所不同。 （1）对于卤族和氧族氢化物，Ｈ在化学式中写在前面，因此将其看成与 另一元素的二元化合物。 举例： HF hydrogen fluoride HCl hydrogen chloride HBr hydrogen bromide HI hydrogen iodide H2S hydrogen sulfide H2Se hydrogen selenide H2Te hydrogen telluride （ 2 ）对于其它族的非金属氢化物，Ｈ在化学式中写在后面，可加后缀 ane，氮族还可加-ine 举例： PH3: phosphine或phosphane AsH3: arsine或arsane SbH3: stibine或stibane BiH3: bismuthane CH4: methane SiH4: silane B2H6: diborane
14
Naming compounds
1. Metal oxide
Metal oxide = Cation + oxide
for example:
FeO oxide) Fe2O3 Fe3O4 Pb3O4 Na2O2
Iron(II) oxide
(Ferrous
Iron(III) oxide (Ferric oxide) Ferroferric oxide Trilead tetroxide Sodium peroxide
Cu2(OH)2CO3 Dicopper(II) dihydroxycarbonate
Ca(OH)Cl Mg(OH)PO4 Calcium hydroxychloride Magnesium hydroxyphosphate
化学专业英语部分原文及翻译
U27 The acid-base titration starts with the dissolution of the solid acid sample in deioni zed water. Add the end-pointindica tor, whichis phenol phtha lein, with two dropsto each flaskcontai ningthe acid sample and deioni zed water.Proper ly labelthe flasks. Be consis tentin all of the sample s when adding the indica tor. Swirlthe flasks untilthe solidacid is comple telydissol ved. Finall y, rinsewith deioni zed waterthreetimesaround, whichis critic al to ensure that all solidacid has been remove d from the flaskwallsand dissol ved in the soluti on. All solidpartic les must be dissol ved priorto the titrat ion.7、酸碱滴定伴随着于固体酸溶解于去离子水中发生。
在每支装有酸样品和去离子水的试管中加入两滴终点指示剂——酚酞，并在试管上贴好标签。
在加指示剂的时候保持所有样品条件一致。
震荡试管直到所有固体酸完全溶解。
最后，用去离子水冲洗试管壁周围三次，确保试管壁上的固体酸从试管上脱落并溶解于溶液中。
化学专业英语
化学专业英语1、化学专业英语：一、无机化学术语1、periodic table 元素周期表2、electronic structure电子构型3、wavelength波长4、frequency频率5、wave number波数6、diffraction衍射7、quantum量子8、quantized量子化9、quantum theory量子理论10、photoelectric effect光电效应11、photon光子12、quantum mechanics量子力学13、Heisenberg uncertainty principle海森堡测不准原理14、momentum动量15、angular momentum角动量16、ground state基态17、excited states激发态18、quantum number量子数19、atomic orbital原子轨道20、the four quantum numbers四个量子数21、electron configuration电子构型22、Pauli exclusion principle泡利不相容原理23、Hund’s principle洪特规则24、paramagnetism顺磁性25、diamagnetism反磁性26、period周期27、noble gas惰性气体28、Representative elements代表性元素29、Transition elements过渡元素30、Metals金属31、nonmetals非金属32、semiconducting elements半导体元素33、chemical bond化学键34、valence electrons价电子35、Lewis symbol路易斯符号36、Chemical stability化学稳定性37、octet rule八隅体规则38、chemical reactivity化学反应性39、metallic bonding金属键40、ionic bonding 离子键41、Lewis structures路易斯结构42、nonbonding electron pairs(lone pairs)非成键电子对43、covalent bonding共价键44、single单键45、multiple(double,triple) and coordinate(donor atom and acceptor atom) covalent bond配位键46、resonance共振47、resonance hybrid共振杂化48、nonpolar and polar covalent bond非极性和极性共价键49、dipole偶极50、network covalent substances51、bond dissociation energy键解离能52、lattice energy点阵能，晶格能53、atomic radii原子半径54、effective nuclear charge有效核电荷55、screening effect屏蔽效应56、Scanning 扫描57、Lanthanide contraction镧系收缩58、isoelectronic ions等电子离子59、ionization energy电离能60、noble gas configuration惰性气体构型61、electron affinity电子亲和能62、pseudo-noble gas configuration稀有气体原子实63、polarization of an ion离子极化64、electronegativity电负性65、electronegative atom电正性原子66、electropositive atom电负性原子67、Oxidation numbers氧化值68、Oxidation state氧化态69、molecular geometry分子几何70、bond axis键轴71、valence bond theory价键理论72、hybridization杂化73、isomers异构体74、structural isomers结构异构75、delocalized electrons离域电子76、dipole moment偶极矩77、London bond色散力78、nuclide核素79、nucleons核子80、mass defect质量缺陷81、nuclear binding energy核结合能82、nuclear fusion核聚变83、nuclear fission核裂变84、radioactivity放射性85、radionuclides放射性核素86、magic number幻数87、bombardment reaction轰击反应88、antineutrino反中微子89、neutrino中微子90、positron正电子（阳电子）91、electron capture电子捕获92、chain reaction链式反应93、crtical mass临界质量94、nuclear reaction 核反应95、thermonuclear reactions热核反应96、breeder reactor增殖反应97、hydration水合98、solvation溶剂化99、chemical equilibrium化学平衡100、hydrolysis水解101、hydrates水合物102、efflorescence风化物103、hygroscopic 吸湿104、deliquescence潮解105、electrolytes电解质106、strong（weak）electrolytes强电解质107、nonelectrolytes非电解质108、acidic（alkaline）aqueous solution109、polyprotic acids多元酸110、neutralization中和反应111、complex ion络合离子112、ligands配体113、hard water 硬水114、carbonate hardness碳酸盐硬度115、water softening水软化116、permanent hardness永久硬度117、ion exchange离子交换118、fossil fuels化石燃料119、oxidation氧化120、reduction还原121、oxidation-reduction（redox）reactions氧化还原反应122、oxidizing agent氧化剂123、heavy water重水124、absorption吸附125、acidic anhydride(oxide)酸性酸酐126、basic anhydride(oxide)碱性酸酐127、amphoteric两性128、allotropes同素异形体129、acid salt酸式盐130、oxidizing anion氧化性阴离子131、disproportionation reaction歧化反应132、oxidizing acids氧化性酸。
化学类专业英语词汇资料
专业英语词汇Unit 1 TEXT A：Chemical Reactions and Group Reactions customary a. 通常的，惯例的handle n.柄vt.触摸handling n.处理，管理derive vt.取得，得到，衍生oxidate vt.使氧化oxidation n.satisfactory a.令人满意的，符合要求的rapid a.快的，迅速的，动作快的combustion n.燃烧somewhat pron. ad. 一点点，几分，有点effort n.努力commercial a.商业的，商务的undesirable a.不合需要的，不受欢迎的，讨厌的retard vt.延迟，放慢，使停滞transformer n.变压器transform vt.改变，转变automotive a.自动的，机动的，汽车的cracked 裂化的sluge n.软泥，淤泥stiff a.硬的，强烈的extent 广度，程度distillation n.蒸馏distill vt.vi.unrefined a.未精致，未提炼的acidity n.酸味，酸性acidify vt. Vi.Involve vt.包缠，卷缠Fell=followingIndividual a.个人的，个体的Presumable a.可假定的，可推测的Destruction n.破坏，毁灭Overall n。
a.全面的，综合的Exceed 超过，胜过Isolate vt.隔离，孤立，使离析iso—构词成分“均匀”“异构”“苯”Analyse vt. 分析，分解Carbonyl 羰基Carboxyl 羧基Hydroxyl 羟基Decomposition 分解Alkyl 烷基，烃基Aldehyde n.醛Yield vt. 出产，产出Explosive a. 爆炸Vapor n.蒸汽，vi.蒸发Propagation 繁殖，增殖；传播Dehydrate vt.使脱水Acet 构词成分Acetaldehyde 乙醛Resin n.树脂Resinous a.树脂的Carboxylic a.羟基的Substantial a.物质的，实质的Susceptible a.易受感动的，敏感的Analogous a.类似的，相似的（to）Response n.作答，回答，响应，反应Readily ad.乐意地，很快地Readiness n.准备就绪，愿意Extent n.广度长度Steric 空间的，位的Likewise ad.同样的，照样地；也，又Suffer vt.遭受，经历Progressive a.进步的，长进的，渐次的Adjacent a.邻近的，紧挨着的Terminal a.末端的，终点的MethyleneBromide n.溴化物Substitute n.代替物（人），代用品substitution n.代替，替换Remote a.相隔较远的Acetone n.丙酮Ether n.醚，乙醚Correspond vi.符合，一致；相当，相应Reservation n.保留，预定Tend vi.走向，趋向。